JP2015230224A - Svoc group percutaneous exposure measuring device - Google Patents
Svoc group percutaneous exposure measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015230224A JP2015230224A JP2014116084A JP2014116084A JP2015230224A JP 2015230224 A JP2015230224 A JP 2015230224A JP 2014116084 A JP2014116084 A JP 2014116084A JP 2014116084 A JP2014116084 A JP 2014116084A JP 2015230224 A JP2015230224 A JP 2015230224A
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- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 85
- 230000036557 dermal exposure Effects 0.000 description 12
- 231100000823 dermal exposure Toxicity 0.000 description 12
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010015958 Eye pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010068319 Oropharyngeal pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000007100 Pharyngitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004207 dermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008821 health effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039083 rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000008842 sick building syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000434 stratum corneum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ＳＶＯＣ（半揮発性有機化合物）類の経皮曝露量測定に関し、例えば、製品からのフタル酸エステル類への経皮曝露量を推定するのに好適な測定装置および測定方法に関する。 The present invention relates to measurement of dermal exposure of SVOCs (semivolatile organic compounds). For example, the present invention relates to a measurement apparatus and measurement method suitable for estimating dermal exposure to phthalates from a product.
近年、住宅の高気密化によって、家具や建材などから放散される様々な化学物質により、頭痛、喉の痛み、眼の痛み、鼻炎、嘔吐、めまい、呼吸器障害、皮膚炎などの、シックハウス症候群や化学物質過敏症等の健康被害が顕在化してきており、社会問題となっている。
本出願人は、すでに、家具や建材などの被検査体から放散される化学物質の放散フラックスを測定するためのパッシブ型放散量測定装置を出願している（特許文献１参照）。この装置は、シャーレ型をしており、底面に吸着剤を設置し、家具や建材などの発生源表面にかぶせると、発生源表面から放散された化学物質が装置内を分子拡散し、吸着材に捕集される構造であって、捕集された化学物質を分析することで、放散量を測定することができる。
また、一連の単位となる全経過期間において断続的に発生する化学物質の経皮曝露量をより現実的に推定できる計算方法（特許文献２、３参照）なども提案されている。
In recent years, sick house syndrome such as headache, sore throat, eye pain, rhinitis, vomiting, dizziness, respiratory disorder, dermatitis due to various chemical substances released from furniture and building materials due to high airtightness of houses Health hazards such as chemical sensitivity and chemical substances are becoming obvious and are becoming social problems.
The present applicant has already applied for a passive type radiation amount measuring device for measuring the radiation flux of a chemical substance diffused from an object to be inspected such as furniture and building materials (see Patent Document 1). This device has a petri dish type. When an adsorbent is installed on the bottom and covered with the surface of a generation source such as furniture or building material, the chemical substance diffused from the surface of the generation source undergoes molecular diffusion within the device, and the adsorbent The amount collected can be measured by analyzing the collected chemical substance.
In addition, a calculation method (see Patent Documents 2 and 3) that can more realistically estimate the dermal exposure amount of a chemical substance that is intermittently generated during the entire elapsed period as a series of units has been proposed.
従来技術の特許文献１は、固体製品からの化学物質の放散量を測定するものであり、製品から皮膚を経由してどの程度曝露するかの情報を得ることは全くできなかった。また、特許文献２、３に挙げるように、計算により経皮曝露量を推計するものであった。また、海外でも、C.J.WeschlerらがＳＶＯＣ類への経皮曝露量の推計を行っているが、これらは物理化学特性に基づいた推計であり、実測されたものではない。また、実測でも、実際のヒトや動物の皮膚に薬剤を添付した後の血中濃度を測定することで、経皮曝露量を求めている研究が多く、様々な固体製品を対象にした多数のサンプル測定には適していない。
このように従来技術では、個体製品からの経皮曝露量は、単なる推定もしくは血中濃度の測定によるものしかなく、間接的にしか経皮曝露量を測定できなかった。
Patent Document 1 of the prior art measures the amount of chemical substance diffused from a solid product, and could not obtain information on how much the product is exposed via the skin. Moreover, as disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the amount of dermal exposure was estimated by calculation. Also, overseas, CJWeschler et al. Estimate the amount of dermal exposure to SVOCs, but these are estimates based on physicochemical characteristics and are not actually measured. In actual measurements, there are many studies that seek the amount of dermal exposure by measuring the blood concentration after attaching a drug to actual human or animal skin. Not suitable for sample measurements.
Thus, in the prior art, the amount of dermal exposure from an individual product can be merely estimated or measured by measuring blood concentration, and the amount of dermal exposure can be measured only indirectly.
上記従来技術の問題点を解決するために、本発明は、皮膚表面で起こる現象をモデル化するとともに、人工皮膚を用いてパラメータを直接測定できるようにしたものである。
すなわち、本発明は、発生源側基板、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源、気相を配するための複数の厚みの異なるスペーサ、人工皮膚、吸着材、吸着材側基板とからなるＳＶＯＣ経皮曝露量測定装置であって、前記吸着材は吸着側基板に設けた面積Ａの凹部内に収納され、前記スペーサには前記凹部と同じ形状で同じ面積Ａの穴を有しており、前記発生源側基板と吸着材側基板の間に、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源、スペーサ、人工皮膚、をこの順に配置して着脱自在に固定する固定手段を備えており、前記被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源表面から拡散したＳＶＯＣが前記スペーサの前記穴で形成された気相中を移動し、さらに前記人工皮膚内を移動し、前記吸着材に吸着させることを特徴とするパッシブ型のＳＶＯＣ経皮曝露量測定装置である。
また、本発明は上記ＳＶＯＣ経皮曝露量測定装置を用いた発生源表面気中濃度ｙ0の測定方法であって、前記人工皮膚無しで複数の厚みの異なる複数の前記スペーサにおいて前記吸着材から抽出・分析して得られたＳＶＯＣの総量を前記面積Ａで割り算しさらに測定時間ｔで割り算してFluxを求め、各厚みすなわち各拡散距離でのFluxを、縦軸にFlux、横軸に拡散距離の逆数を取ったグラフにプロットすることにより求めた回帰直線の傾きを、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源から放散されたＳＶＯＣの気中拡散係数Ｄで割り算することにより発生源表面気中濃度ｙ0を導出することを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記ＳＶＯＣ経皮曝露量測定装置を用いた皮膚表面濃度Ｃskin及び皮膚透過物質移動係数ｈskinの測定方法であって、人工皮膚から抽出・分析して得られたＳＶＯＣの総量を２倍して人工皮膚厚さで割り算し、さらに前記面積Ａで割り算することで皮膚表面濃度Ｃskinを導出し、前記吸着材から抽出・分析して得られたＳＶＯＣの総量を前記面積Ａで割り算しさらに測定時間ｔで割り算して求めたFluxと、前記導出した皮膚表面濃度Ｃskinを次の式に代入して整理することで
Flux＝ｈskin×Ｃskin
皮膚透過物質移動係数ｈskinを導出することを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、上記ＳＶＯＣ経皮曝露量測定装置を用いた皮膚表面気中濃度ｙskinの測定方法であって、複数の厚みの異なるスペーサにおいて皮膚中存在量及び吸着材中の存在量を抽出・分析して測定し、両者を加算した値を、前記面積Ａで割り算しさらに測定時間ｔで割り算して求めたFluxと、請求項２記載の発生源表面気中濃度ｙ0の測定方法で求めたｙ0と、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源から放散されたＳＶＯＣの気中拡散係数Ｄを次式に代入して整理することで
Flux＝Ｄ×（ｙ0−ｙskin）
皮膚表面気中濃度ｙskinを導出することを特徴とする
In order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, the present invention models a phenomenon that occurs on the skin surface, and allows the parameters to be directly measured using artificial skin.
That is, the present invention is an SVOC transcutaneous exposure comprising a source side substrate, an SVOC generation source to be measured, a plurality of spacers having different thicknesses for arranging a gas phase, artificial skin, an adsorbent, and an adsorbent side substrate. In the quantity measuring device, the adsorbent is housed in a recess having an area A provided on the suction side substrate, and the spacer has a hole having the same shape and the same area as the recess, and the generation source An SVOC generation source to be measured, a spacer, and artificial skin are arranged in this order between the side substrate and the adsorbent side substrate, and a fixing means for detachably fixing is provided. The SVOC generation source of the measurement target Passive SVOC transdermal exposure amount characterized in that SVOC diffused from the surface moves in the gas phase formed in the hole of the spacer, and further moves in the artificial skin and is adsorbed by the adsorbent. It is a measuring device.
The present invention also relates to a method for measuring a source surface air concentration y 0 using the SVOC transdermal exposure measuring apparatus, wherein the adsorbent is used in a plurality of spacers having different thicknesses without the artificial skin. The total amount of SVOC obtained by extraction and analysis is divided by the area A, and further divided by the measurement time t to obtain Flux. The Flux at each thickness, that is, each diffusion distance, Flux on the vertical axis and diffusion on the horizontal axis By dividing the slope of the regression line obtained by plotting on the graph obtained by taking the reciprocal of the distance by the air diffusion coefficient D of the SVOC diffused from the SVOC generation source to be measured, the source surface air concentration y It is characterized by deriving 0 .
The present invention also relates to a method for measuring the skin surface concentration C skin and skin permeation substance transfer coefficient h skin using the SVOC transcutaneous exposure measuring apparatus, wherein the SVOC obtained by extraction / analysis from artificial skin is used. Double the total amount, divide by the artificial skin thickness, and further divide by the area A to derive the skin surface concentration C skin , and extract and analyze the total amount of SVOC obtained from the adsorbent. By substituting Flux obtained by dividing by A and further dividing by measurement time t and the derived skin surface concentration C skin into the following formula,
Flux = h skin × C skin
A skin permeation substance transfer coefficient h skin is derived.
The present invention also relates to a method for measuring the skin surface air concentration y skin using the SVOC transdermal exposure measuring apparatus, wherein the abundance in the skin and the abundance in the adsorbent are measured in a plurality of spacers having different thicknesses. The method for measuring the concentration of the source surface air y 0 according to claim 2, wherein Flux is obtained by extracting and analyzing, adding and adding the two, and dividing by the area A and further dividing by the measurement time t. By substituting into the following equation the y 0 obtained in step 4 and the air diffusion coefficient D of the SVOC emitted from the SVOC generation source to be measured.
Flux = D × (y 0 −y skin )
Deriving skin skin air concentration y skin
従来技術では間接的にしか材料からの経皮曝露量を測定することができなかったが、本発明では、簡単な装置構成でＳＶＯＣ類経皮曝露量に関するパラメータを直接測定することができ、暴露量を推定できるようにした。 In the prior art, the amount of dermal exposure from a material could be measured only indirectly, but in the present invention, parameters related to the SVOCs dermal exposure amount can be directly measured with a simple device configuration. The amount can be estimated.
本発明のＳＶＯＣ類経皮曝露量測定装置は、人工皮膚を用いて床材等のＳＶＯＣ類発生源から放散されるＳＶＯＣ経皮暴露量を測定するためのパッシブ型の想定装置であり、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源、気相を配するためのスペーサ、皮膚（培養人工皮膚）、吸着材をこの順で二つの基板の間に着脱自在に装着する。スペーサの厚みを変えることで気相（空気層）の厚みを変えることができ律速過程について情報を得ることができ、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源表面から放散されたＳＶＯＣが気相中を分子拡散し、人工皮膚表面に吸着し、皮膚中を透過して吸着材（血液をモデル化したもの）に捕集される。このときの、皮膚中及び吸着材中に捕集されたＳＶＯＣを抽出・分析することで、皮膚表面濃度（Ｃskin）及び皮膚透過物質移動係数（ｈskin）を測定することができる。皮膚無しで異なる複数のスペーサ厚みについて、吸着材中に捕集されたＳＶＯＣを抽出・分析することにより発生源表面気中濃度（ｙ0）を測定することができ、皮膚有りで異なる複数のスペーサ厚みについてFluxを測定し、先に求めた発生源表面気中濃度（ｙ0）と気中拡散係数の文献値とを用いれば、皮膚表面気中濃度（ｙskin）求めることができる。 The SVOCs percutaneous exposure measuring apparatus of the present invention is a passive assumed apparatus for measuring SVOC percutaneous exposures emitted from a source of SVOCs such as flooring using artificial skin. A target SVOC generation source, a spacer for arranging a gas phase, skin (cultured artificial skin), and an adsorbent are detachably mounted between the two substrates in this order. By changing the thickness of the spacer, the thickness of the gas phase (air layer) can be changed, and information on the rate-determining process can be obtained, and the SVOC diffused from the surface of the SVOC generation source to be measured diffuses in the gas phase. Then, it is adsorbed on the artificial skin surface, permeates through the skin, and is collected by an adsorbent (modeled blood). By extracting and analyzing the SVOC collected in the skin and the adsorbent at this time, the skin surface concentration (C skin ) and the skin permeation substance transfer coefficient (h skin ) can be measured. By extracting and analyzing SVOCs collected in the adsorbent for different spacer thicknesses without skin, the source surface air concentration (y 0 ) can be measured. By measuring the flux with respect to the thickness and using the previously determined source surface air concentration (y 0 ) and the literature value of the air diffusion coefficient, the skin surface air concentration (y skin ) can be determined.
図１、２に本発明のパッシブ型のＳＶＯＣ類経皮曝露量測定装置の一実施例を示す。
図１では、発生源側基板、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源の例としての床材、気相を配するためのスペーサ、皮膚（培養人工皮膚）、吸着材、吸着材側基板をこの順にボルトナットなどの固定手段で着脱自在に固定する。なお吸着材は吸着材側基板に設けた凹部内に納める。また、スペーサは厚みの異なる複数種類を備える。図２で示した例では、スペーサ厚さは、例えば０．５ｍｍ、３ｍｍ、５ｍｍ、８ｍｍの４種類を備え、スペーサに設けた穴（ＳＶＯＣ類が通過する領域となる）は内径１０ｍｍφ、吸着材側基板に設けた吸着材を納める凹部の内径１０ｍｍφ、両基板とスペーサにはいずれもＳＶＯＣ類の吸着の少ない材質例えばＰＴＦＥ製のものを用いる。図３は、培養人工皮膚（角質層＋真皮層）を示したものである。
1 and 2 show an embodiment of the passive SVOC transdermal exposure measuring apparatus of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, the source side substrate, the floor material as an example of the SVOC generation source to be measured, the spacer for arranging the gas phase, the skin (cultured artificial skin), the adsorbent, and the adsorbent side substrate are bolts in this order. It is detachably fixed by a fixing means such as a nut. The adsorbent is stored in a recess provided on the adsorbent side substrate. The spacer includes a plurality of types having different thicknesses. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the spacer thickness includes, for example, four types of 0.5 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm, and the hole provided in the spacer (the region through which SVOCs pass) has an inner diameter of 10 mmφ, an adsorbent The inner diameter of the concave portion for accommodating the adsorbent provided on the side substrate is 10 mmφ, and both the substrate and the spacer are made of a material with little adsorption of SVOCs, for example, PTFE. FIG. 3 shows cultured artificial skin (a stratum corneum + a dermis layer).
図１における記号は、それぞれ
Ｃ0：ＳＶＯＣの発生源（床材）表面濃度
Ｋ：発生源表面分配係数
ｙ0：発生源表面気中濃度
ｙskin：皮膚表面気中濃度
Ｃskin：皮膚表面濃度
Ｋskin：皮膚表面分配係数
Ｃad：皮膚吸着材側表面濃度
などを表す。また、図１の例から皮膚（人工皮膚）を除いて組み立てた場合の吸着材表面気中濃度をｙadで表す。
ここで、吸着材は血管をモデル化したものであり、Ｃad及びｙadの値はゼロと仮定する。
また、
ＳＶＯＣの吸着材への吸着量＝Flux×Ａ×ｔ
で表せ、ここでＡは吸着材の面積（吸着材側基板に設けた吸着材を納める凹部の面積であり、図２の例では１０ｍｍφの円の面積となる。また、スペーサに設けた穴の面積とも等しい）であり、ｔは吸着させる間の時間であり、Fluxは単位面積・単位時間当たりの移動量にあたる。そうすると、Ａは装置構成から既知の値、吸着材への吸着量は測定により求まり、ｔも測定時の吸着に要した時間であるから、前記式からFlux（以下「フラックス」と表記することもある）が求まる。
The symbols in FIG. 1 are C 0 : SVOC source (floor material) surface concentration K: Source surface distribution coefficient y 0 : Source surface air concentration y skin : Skin surface air concentration C skin : Skin surface concentration K skin : skin surface distribution coefficient C ad : skin adsorbent side surface concentration and the like. Moreover, the adsorbent surface air concentration at the time of assembling excluding skin (artificial skin) from the example of FIG. 1 is represented by yad .
Here, it is assumed that the adsorbent is a blood vessel model, and the values of C ad and yad are zero.
Also,
Adsorption amount of SVOC to adsorbent = Flux × A × t
Here, A is the area of the adsorbent (the area of the concave portion for accommodating the adsorbent provided on the adsorbent side substrate, and in the example of FIG. 2, it is the area of a circle of 10 mmφ. T is the time during adsorption, and Flux is the amount of movement per unit area / unit time. Then, A is a known value from the apparatus configuration, the amount adsorbed on the adsorbent is obtained by measurement, and t is the time required for adsorption at the time of measurement, so Flux (hereinafter referred to as “flux”) may be expressed from the above equation. Is found).
（各パラメータの導出法）
（１）ｙ0：発生源表面気中濃度の導出
図１で示した本発明の経皮曝露量測定装置を用い、皮膚無しで異なる複数のスペーサ厚さ（装置構成から既知の値）、すなわち異なる複数の拡散距離、における気中でのFluxを測定により求め、求めた各拡散距離でのFluxを、縦軸にFlux、横軸に拡散距離の逆数を取ったグラフにプロットすることにより求めた回帰直線の傾きを、拡散係数Ｄで割り算することによりｙ0を導出する。
なお、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源から放散される各ＳＶＯＣの気中での拡散係数Ｄは文献値としてすでに知られているものを用いればよく、また、ｙadの値はゼロとみなす。
(Derivation method of each parameter)
(1) y 0 : Derivation of source surface air concentration Using the apparatus for measuring the amount of percutaneous exposure of the present invention shown in FIG. Flux in the air at different diffusion distances was obtained by measurement, and Flux at each diffusion distance was obtained by plotting it on a graph with Flux on the vertical axis and the inverse of the diffusion distance on the horizontal axis. Y 0 is derived by dividing the slope of the regression line by the diffusion coefficient D.
The diffusion coefficient D in a vapor of each SVOC dissipated from SVOC source to be measured may be used what is known as the literature value, and the value of y ad is regarded as zero.
（２）Ｃskin：皮膚表面濃度の導出
図１に示した本発明の経皮曝露量測定装置を皮膚有りで用い、Ｃad：皮膚吸着材側表面濃度をゼロと仮定し、皮膚中の濃度は皮膚の厚み方向に沿って皮膚表面濃度Ｃskinからゼロに直線的に変化すると仮定する。そうすると、皮膚中に存在するＳＶＯＣの量は皮膚表面濃度Ｃskinに皮膚厚さ（装置構成から既知の値）をかけ算して２で割って前記面積Ａ（図２の例では１０ｍｍφの円の面積）をかけ算した値となる。そのため、皮膚から抽出・分析して得られたＳＶＯＣの総量を２倍して皮膚厚さで割り算し、さらに前記面積Ａで割り算することで皮膚表面濃度Ｃskinが導出できる。
（３）ｈskin：皮膚透過物質移動係数の導出
皮膚の吸着材側表面濃度Ｃadをゼロと仮定すると、測定で得られるFluxは以下の式を満たす。
Flux＝ｈskin×Ｃskin
つまり、測定で得られたFluxと上記（２）で求めたＣskinを上式に代入して整理すれば皮膚透過物質移動係数ｈskinが導出できる。
(2) C skin : Derivation of skin surface concentration Using the percutaneous exposure measurement apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 with skin, C ad : Skin adsorbent side surface concentration is assumed to be zero, and the concentration in the skin Is assumed to change linearly from the skin surface concentration C skin to zero along the thickness direction of the skin. Then, the amount of SVOC present in the skin is obtained by multiplying the skin surface concentration C skin by the skin thickness (known value from the device configuration) and dividing by 2 to obtain the area A (the area of a circle of 10 mmφ in the example of FIG. 2). ) Is multiplied. Therefore, the skin surface concentration C skin can be derived by doubling the total amount of SVOC obtained by extraction and analysis from the skin, dividing by the skin thickness, and further dividing by the area A.
(3) h skin : Derivation of skin permeation substance transfer coefficient Assuming that the skin adsorbent side surface concentration C ad is zero, Flux obtained by measurement satisfies the following formula.
Flux = h skin × C skin
That is, the skin permeation substance transfer coefficient h skin can be derived by substituting Flux obtained by measurement and C skin obtained in the above (2) into the above equation and organizing it.
（４）ｙskin：皮膚表面気中濃度の導出
図１に示した本発明の経皮曝露量測定装置を皮膚有りで用い、異なる複数のスペーサ厚さ（装置構成から既知の値）、すなわち異なる複数の拡散距離、において皮膚中存在量及び吸着材中の存在量を抽出・分析して測定し、両者を加算した値を、前記面積Ａで割り算しさらに測定時間ｔで割り算してFluxを求める（ここでのFluxは、上記段落００１１、００１２、００１３のFluxの値と異なる点に注意）。
こうして求めたFluxは以下の式を満たしており、
Flux＝Ｄ×（ｙ0−ｙskin）
ここで、ｙ0は上記（１）で求めており、Ｄは気中拡散係数の文献値を用いればよいから、上式にFlux、ｙ0、Ｄの値を代入して整理することにより皮膚表面気中濃度ｙskinが導出できる。
(4) y skin : Derivation of skin surface air concentration The transdermal exposure measurement apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is used with skin, and a plurality of different spacer thicknesses (known values from the apparatus configuration), that is, different Extract and analyze the abundance in the skin and the absorptive material at multiple diffusion distances, measure the sum, divide by the area A, and further divide by the measurement time t to obtain Flux. (Note that Flux here differs from the Flux value in paragraphs 0011, 0012, and 0013 above).
Flux obtained in this way satisfies the following formula,
Flux = D × (y 0 −y skin )
Here, y 0 is obtained in the above (1), and D should be a literature value of the air diffusion coefficient. Therefore, by substituting the values of Flux, y 0 , and D into the above equation, the skin can be obtained. Surface air concentration y skin can be derived.
上記説明ではＳＶＯＣ類の経皮曝露量測定装置として説明したが、ＳＶＯＣ類以外の化学物質の経皮曝露量の測定にも利用することができる。
また本測定装置は、例えば、材料開発分野において、健康影響の小さい製品の開発に際しての利用や、化学物質管理を行う際のデータ取得のために利用することができる。
In the above description, the device for measuring the amount of dermal exposure to SVOCs has been described. However, the device can also be used to measure the amount of dermal exposure to chemical substances other than SVOCs.
In addition, this measuring apparatus can be used, for example, in the field of material development for the development of products with small health effects and for the acquisition of data when performing chemical substance management.
Claims (4)
前記吸着材は吸着側基板に設けた面積Ａの凹部内に収納され、前記スペーサには前記凹部と同じ形状で同じ面積Ａの穴を有しており、
前記発生源側基板と吸着材側基板の間に、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源、スペーサ、人工皮膚、をこの順に配置して着脱自在に固定する固定手段を備えており、前記ＳＶＯＣ発生源表面から拡散したＳＶＯＣが前記スペーサの前記穴で形成された気相中を移動し、さらに前記人工皮膚内を移動し、前記吸着材に吸着させることを特徴とするパッシブ型のＳＶＯＣ経皮曝露量測定装置。 An SVOC transcutaneous exposure measuring device comprising a source side substrate, an SVOC generation source to be measured, a plurality of spacers having different thicknesses for arranging a gas phase, artificial skin, an adsorbent, and an adsorbent side substrate. ,
The adsorbent is housed in a recess having an area A provided on the suction side substrate, and the spacer has a hole having the same shape and the same area as the recess,
An SVOC generation source to be measured, a spacer, and artificial skin are arranged in this order between the generation source side substrate and the adsorbent side substrate, and a fixing means for detachably fixing is provided, and the SVOC generation source surface The SVOC transdermal exposure measurement is characterized in that the SVOC diffused from the gas moves in the gas phase formed in the hole of the spacer, further moves in the artificial skin, and is adsorbed by the adsorbent. apparatus.
前記人工皮膚無しで複数の厚みの異なる複数の前記スペーサにおいて前記吸着材から抽出・分析して得られたＳＶＯＣの総量を前記面積Ａで割り算しさらに測定時間ｔで割り算してFluxを求め、各厚みすなわち各拡散距離でのFluxを、縦軸にFlux、横軸に拡散距離の逆数を取ったグラフにプロットすることにより求めた回帰直線の傾きを、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源から放散されたＳＶＯＣの気中拡散係数Ｄで割り算することにより発生源表面気中濃度ｙ0を導出することを特徴とする発生源表面気中濃度ｙ0の測定方法。 A method for measuring a source surface air concentration y 0 using the SVOC transdermal exposure measuring apparatus according to claim 1,
The total amount of SVOC obtained by extracting and analyzing from the adsorbent in the plurality of spacers having different thicknesses without the artificial skin is divided by the area A and further divided by the measurement time t to obtain Flux, The slope of the regression line obtained by plotting the thickness, ie, Flux at each diffusion distance, in a graph with Flux on the vertical axis and the inverse of the diffusion distance on the horizontal axis was dissipated from the SVOC source being measured. A source surface air concentration y 0 measurement method, characterized by deriving the source surface air concentration y 0 by dividing by the SVOC air diffusion coefficient D.
人工皮膚から抽出・分析して得られたＳＶＯＣの総量を２倍して人工皮膚厚さで割り算し、さらに前記面積Ａで割り算することで皮膚表面濃度Ｃskinを導出し、
前記吸着材から抽出・分析して得られたＳＶＯＣの総量を前記面積Ａで割り算しさらに測定時間ｔで割り算して求めたFluxと、前記導出した皮膚表面濃度Ｃskinを次の式に代入して整理することで
Flux＝ｈskin×Ｃskin
皮膚透過物質移動係数ｈskinを導出することを特徴とする皮膚表面濃度Ｃskin及び皮膚透過物質移動係数ｈskinの測定方法。 A method for measuring a skin surface concentration C skin and a skin permeation substance transfer coefficient h skin using the SVOC transdermal exposure measurement apparatus according to claim 1,
The total amount of SVOC extracted and analyzed from the artificial skin is doubled, divided by the artificial skin thickness, and further divided by the area A to derive the skin surface concentration C skin ,
The total amount of SVOC obtained by extraction / analysis from the adsorbent is divided by the area A and further divided by the measurement time t, and the derived skin surface concentration C skin is substituted into the following equation. By organizing
Flux = h skin × C skin
A method for measuring a skin surface concentration C skin and a skin permeation material transfer coefficient h skin , wherein a skin permeation substance transfer coefficient h skin is derived.
複数の厚みの異なるスペーサにおいて皮膚中存在量及び吸着材中の存在量を抽出・分析して測定し、両者を加算した値を、前記面積Ａで割り算しさらに測定時間ｔで割り算して求めたFluxと、請求項２記載の発生源表面気中濃度ｙ0の測定方法で求めたｙ0と、被測定対象のＳＶＯＣ発生源から放散されたＳＶＯＣの気中拡散係数Ｄを次式に代入して整理することで
Flux＝Ｄ×（ｙ0−ｙskin）
皮膚表面気中濃度ｙskinを導出することを特徴とする皮膚表面気中濃度ｙskinの測定方法。 A method for measuring the skin surface air concentration y skin using the SVOC transdermal exposure measuring apparatus according to claim 1,
The abundance in the skin and the abundance in the adsorbent were measured by extracting and analyzing in a plurality of spacers having different thicknesses, and a value obtained by adding both was divided by the area A and further divided by the measurement time t. and Flux, and y 0 obtained by the measurement method of the source surface airborne concentrations y 0 according to claim 2, by substituting the air in the diffusion coefficient D of SVOC that is dissipated from SVOC source to be measured in the following equation By organizing
Flux = D × (y 0 −y skin )
A method for measuring the skin surface air concentration y skin , wherein the skin surface air concentration y skin is derived.
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