JP2015143068A - Serious accident detection device - Google Patents

Serious accident detection device Download PDF

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JP2015143068A
JP2015143068A JP2014016977A JP2014016977A JP2015143068A JP 2015143068 A JP2015143068 A JP 2015143068A JP 2014016977 A JP2014016977 A JP 2014016977A JP 2014016977 A JP2014016977 A JP 2014016977A JP 2015143068 A JP2015143068 A JP 2015143068A
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collision
determination unit
accident
serious accident
vehicle
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JP6156168B2 (en
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秀幸 富吉
Hideyuki Tomiyoshi
秀幸 富吉
真吾 和波
Shingo Wanami
真吾 和波
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a serious accident detection device which can detect occurrence of a serious accident between a vehicle and a vulnerable road user with high accuracy.SOLUTION: A serious accident detection device includes a first collision detection sensor 1, a first collision determination part 41 which determines whether a collision between a vehicle and a vulnerable road user occurred or not, second collision detection sensors 2, 3 which detect a collision at a predetermined collision dangerous portion A of a front portion of a vehicle, a second collision determination part 42, and an accident determination part 43. The second collision detection sensors 2, 3 include a microphone 3. The second collision determination part 42 determines whether the collision between the vulnerable road user and the collision dangerous portion A occurred or not based on a collision sound detected by the microphone 3. When the second collision determination part 42 determines that the collision occurred within a predetermined time after the first collision determination part 41 determines that the collision occurred, the accident determination part 43 determines that a serious accident occurred.

Description

本発明は、交通弱者の重大事故を検知する重大事故検知装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a serious accident detection apparatus for detecting a serious accident of a traffic weak person.

車両と交通弱者（歩行者や自転車運転手等）が衝突し、交通弱者が重傷を負うなどの重大事故が発生した際に、車両の乗員のスイッチ操作により所定機関に緊急通報するシステムが従来から存在する。このような技術は、例えば特開２００５−１１２０４３号公報（特許文献１）や特開２０１０−２４４１６７号公報（特許文献２）に記載されている。   Conventionally, when a vehicle and a vulnerable person (pedestrian, bicycle driver, etc.) collide and a serious accident such as a serious injury occurs to a vulnerable person, an emergency report is made to the specified engine by operating the vehicle occupant's switch. Exists. Such a technique is described in, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-112043 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-244167 (Patent Document 2).

特開２００５−１１２０４３号公報JP 2005-112043 A 特開２０１０−２４４１６７号公報JP 2010-244167 A

しかしながら、車両と交通弱者との重大事故が発生した場合、車両の乗員の状況（気絶や動揺等）によりスイッチ操作できないことも考えられる。そうなると、重大事故にあった交通弱者に対して迅速な処置が困難となる。したがって、重大事故の際、車両の乗員の操作によらず自動で所定機関に通報する装置（システム）が求められている。しかしここで、自動通報する前提として、当該装置が、重大事故が発生したことを精度良く検知する必要がある。   However, when a serious accident occurs between a vehicle and a traffic weak person, the switch operation may not be possible due to the situation of the vehicle occupant (fainting, shaking, etc.). As a result, it becomes difficult to quickly deal with a traffic weak person who had a serious accident. Therefore, there is a need for a device (system) that automatically notifies a predetermined engine in the event of a serious accident, regardless of the operation of the vehicle occupant. However, as a premise for automatic notification, it is necessary for the device to accurately detect that a serious accident has occurred.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みて為されたものであり、車両と交通弱者の間で重大事故が発生したことを精度良く検知することができる重大事故検知装置を提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made in view of such a situation, and it aims at providing the serious accident detection apparatus which can detect accurately that the serious accident occurred between the vehicle and the traffic weak person. To do.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、車両の衝突を検知する第一衝突検知センサ（１）と、前記第一衝突検知センサの検知結果に基づいて前記車両と交通弱者との衝突の有無を判定する第一衝突判定部（４１）と、前記車両の正面部位のうち所定の衝突危険部位（Ａ）での衝突を検知する第二衝突検知センサ（３）と、前記第二衝突検知センサの検知結果に基づいて、前記交通弱者と前記衝突危険部位との衝突の有無を判定する第二衝突判定部（４２）と、前記第一衝突判定部及び前記第二衝突判定部の判定結果に基づいて、重大事故の有無を判定する事故判定部（４３）と、を備え、前記第二衝突検知センサは、マイクロフォン（３）を有し、前記第二衝突判定部は、前記マイクロフォンで検知された衝突音に基づいて前記交通弱者と前記衝突危険部位との衝突の有無を判定し、前記事故判定部は、前記第一衝突判定部が衝突有りと判定した後、所定時間内に前記第二衝突判定部が衝突有りと判定した場合に、重大事故有りと判定することを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first collision detection sensor (1) for detecting a collision of a vehicle, and whether or not there is a collision between the vehicle and a traffic weak person based on a detection result of the first collision detection sensor. A first collision determination unit (41) for determining, a second collision detection sensor (3) for detecting a collision at a predetermined collision risk part (A) among the front parts of the vehicle, and the second collision detection sensor Based on the determination results of the second collision determination unit (42) for determining whether or not there is a collision between the vulnerable traffic person and the collision risk part based on the detection result, and the first collision determination unit and the second collision determination unit. An accident determination unit (43) for determining the presence or absence of a serious accident, the second collision detection sensor has a microphone (3), and the second collision determination unit is detected by the microphone. Based on the impact sound, the traffic weak and the The presence or absence of a collision with a collision risk part is determined, and the accident determination unit determines that the second collision determination unit determines that there is a collision within a predetermined time after the first collision determination unit determines that there is a collision. It is characterized by determining that there is a serious accident.

衝突危険部位は、他の部位よりも硬く、交通弱者が衝突すると重傷になる可能性が高い部位である。重大事故は、車両と交通弱者が衝突した後に、交通弱者が車両の上に跳ね上げられて、車両の衝突危険部位に衝突することで起こり得る。そこで、本発明によれば、第一衝突検知センサで交通弱者との衝突を検知し、さらに第二衝突検知センサにより交通弱者が衝突危険部位に衝突したか否かを検知することで、重大事故が発生したか否かを精度良く検知することができる。本発明は、マイクロフォンが検知した衝突音に基づいて交通弱者が衝突危険部位に衝突したか否かを判定する。このように本発明は、マイクロフォンを含む少なくとも２つの衝突検知センサにより、軽い事故と重大事故とを判別することができるため、例えば乗員の操作なしで、重大事故後の迅速な対応（例えば自動緊急通報）が可能となる。なお、この欄および特許請求の範囲で記載した各手段の括弧内の符号は、後述する実施形態に記載の具体的手段との対応関係を示すものである。   The collision risk part is a part that is harder than other parts and is likely to be seriously injured when a traffic weak person collides. A serious accident can occur when a vehicle weak person and a traffic weak person collide and then the traffic weak person jumps up on the vehicle and collides with a collision risk part of the vehicle. Therefore, according to the present invention, the first collision detection sensor detects a collision with a traffic weak person, and the second collision detection sensor detects whether the traffic weak person collides with a collision risk site, thereby causing a serious accident. Whether or not has occurred can be detected with high accuracy. In the present invention, it is determined whether or not a traffic weak has collided with a collision risk site based on a collision sound detected by a microphone. Thus, according to the present invention, a light accident and a serious accident can be distinguished by at least two collision detection sensors including a microphone. Notification). In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each means described in this column and the claim shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

本実施形態の重大事故検知装置の構成を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the serious accident detection apparatus of this embodiment. 本実施形態の車両の正面部位を説明するための説明図である。It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the front site | part of the vehicle of this embodiment. 本実施形態の重大事故検知装置の動作の流れを示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the flow of operation | movement of the serious accident detection apparatus of this embodiment. 本実施形態の変形態様に係る重大事故検知装置の動作の流れを示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the flow of operation | movement of the serious accident detection apparatus which concerns on the deformation | transformation aspect of this embodiment.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図に基づいて説明する。説明に用いる各図は概念図である。本実施形態の重大事故検知装置は、図１に示すように、衝突検知センサ（「第一衝突検知センサ」に相当する）１と、加速度センサ（「第二衝突検知センサ」に相当する）２と、マイクロフォン（「第二衝突検知センサ」に相当する）３と、ＥＣＵ４と、通報部５と、を備えている。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Each figure used for explanation is a conceptual diagram. As shown in FIG. 1, the serious accident detection apparatus of the present embodiment includes a collision detection sensor (corresponding to a “first collision detection sensor”) 1 and an acceleration sensor (corresponding to a “second collision detection sensor”) 2. And a microphone (corresponding to a “second collision detection sensor”) 3, an ECU 4, and a notification unit 5.

衝突検知センサ１は、車両と対象物との衝突を検知するセンサである。本実施形態の衝突検知センサ１は、車両と歩行者（交通弱者）との衝突を検知する歩行者衝突検知センサである。衝突検知センサ１は、車両前方側での衝突を検知する。衝突検知センサ１は、圧力センサであって、車両前方のバンパカバー９０内に配置されたチャンバ部材１１を有している。衝突検知センサ１は、衝突が起きた際、チャンバ部材１１が変形し、チャンバ部材１１内のチャンバ空間の圧力が変化し、当該圧力変化を検知する。衝突検知センサ１は、ＥＣＵ４に接続されており、検知結果をＥＣＵ４に送信する。   The collision detection sensor 1 is a sensor that detects a collision between a vehicle and an object. The collision detection sensor 1 of the present embodiment is a pedestrian collision detection sensor that detects a collision between a vehicle and a pedestrian (traffic weak person). The collision detection sensor 1 detects a collision on the front side of the vehicle. The collision detection sensor 1 is a pressure sensor and has a chamber member 11 disposed in a bumper cover 90 in front of the vehicle. When the collision occurs, the collision detection sensor 1 deforms the chamber member 11, changes the pressure of the chamber space in the chamber member 11, and detects the pressure change. The collision detection sensor 1 is connected to the ECU 4 and transmits a detection result to the ECU 4.

加速度センサ２は、加速度を測定するいわゆるＧセンサである。本実施形態の加速度センサ２は、車両前後方向の加速度を測定する。加速度センサ２は、車両の正面部位（車両の前面及び車両のボンネット上）のうち所定の衝突危険部位Ａに対して設置されている。衝突危険部位Ａは、図２に示すように、正面部位のうち他の部位より硬く形成されている部位であり、例えばＡピラー９１やエンジン９２である。本実施形態の加速度センサ２は、左右のＡピラー９１のそれぞれに設置されている。加速度センサ２は、ＥＣＵ４に接続されており、検知結果をＥＣＵ４に送信する。なお、本実施形態では、車両が歩行者保護装置（アクティブフード等）を備え、衝突時にフードが跳ね上がるため、エンジン９２との衝突の有無を重大事故の判定要素としていない。   The acceleration sensor 2 is a so-called G sensor that measures acceleration. The acceleration sensor 2 of the present embodiment measures acceleration in the vehicle longitudinal direction. The acceleration sensor 2 is installed for a predetermined collision risk site A in the front portion of the vehicle (on the front of the vehicle and on the hood of the vehicle). As shown in FIG. 2, the collision risk part A is a part that is formed harder than other parts of the front part, for example, an A pillar 91 or an engine 92. The acceleration sensor 2 of this embodiment is installed in each of the left and right A pillars 91. The acceleration sensor 2 is connected to the ECU 4 and transmits a detection result to the ECU 4. In this embodiment, since the vehicle includes a pedestrian protection device (active hood or the like) and the hood jumps up at the time of a collision, the presence or absence of a collision with the engine 92 is not used as a determination factor for a serious accident.

マイクロフォン３は、音を検知する集音装置であって、音を電気信号に変換する。マイクロフォン３は、車室内に設置されている。具体的に、マイクロフォン３は、車室内の前方部位（例えば、左右の各Ａピラー９１の車室内側及びその周辺、ルームミラー及びその周辺、又はインストルメンタルパネル及びその周辺等）に配置されている。本実施形態のマイクロフォン３は、ルームミラーに取り付けられている。マイクロフォン３は、ＥＣＵ４に接続されており、検知結果をＥＣＵ４に送信する。   The microphone 3 is a sound collecting device that detects sound, and converts the sound into an electric signal. The microphone 3 is installed in the vehicle interior. Specifically, the microphone 3 is disposed in a front part of the vehicle interior (for example, the vehicle interior side and its periphery of each of the left and right A pillars 91, the room mirror and its periphery, or the instrument panel and its periphery). . The microphone 3 of the present embodiment is attached to the room mirror. The microphone 3 is connected to the ECU 4 and transmits a detection result to the ECU 4.

ＥＣＵ４は、車両に設置された電子制御ユニットである。本実施形態では、エアバッグＥＣＵをＥＣＵ４として利用している。ＥＣＵ４は、機能として、第一衝突判定部４１と、第二衝突判定部４２と、事故判定部４３と、を備えている。   The ECU 4 is an electronic control unit installed in the vehicle. In this embodiment, the airbag ECU is used as the ECU 4. The ECU 4 includes a first collision determination unit 41, a second collision determination unit 42, and an accident determination unit 43 as functions.

第一衝突判定部４１は、衝突検知センサ１の検知結果に基づいて、車両と交通弱者との衝突の有無を判定する。第一衝突判定部４１は、閾値を記憶しており、衝突検知センサ１の検知結果が閾値を超えた場合、「衝突有り」と判定する。第一衝突判定部４１は、その他の場合、「衝突無し」と判定する。   The first collision determination unit 41 determines the presence or absence of a collision between the vehicle and the traffic weak person based on the detection result of the collision detection sensor 1. The first collision determination unit 41 stores a threshold value, and determines that “there is a collision” when the detection result of the collision detection sensor 1 exceeds the threshold value. In other cases, the first collision determination unit 41 determines “no collision”.

第二衝突判定部４２は、加速度センサ２の検知結果及びマイクロフォン３の検知結果に基づいて、交通弱者と衝突危険部位Ａとの衝突の有無を判定する。第二衝突判定部４２は、加速度の閾値と音圧の閾値と周波数の数値範囲とを記憶している。第二衝突判定部４２は、加速度センサ２の検知結果が加速度の閾値を超えた場合、「衝突有り」と判定する。また、第二衝突判定部４２は、加速度センサ２の検知結果が加速度の閾値を超えなかった場合でも、マイクロフォン３の検知結果（音圧）が音圧の閾値を超え且つマイクロフォン３の検知結果（周波数）が周波数の数値範囲内の値であった場合には、「衝突有り」と判定する。第二衝突判定部４２は、その他の場合、「衝突無し」と判定する。   The second collision determination unit 42 determines whether or not there is a collision between the weak traffic person and the collision risk site A based on the detection result of the acceleration sensor 2 and the detection result of the microphone 3. The second collision determination unit 42 stores an acceleration threshold value, a sound pressure threshold value, and a numerical value range of frequencies. The second collision determination unit 42 determines that “there is a collision” when the detection result of the acceleration sensor 2 exceeds the acceleration threshold value. Further, even when the detection result of the acceleration sensor 2 does not exceed the acceleration threshold value, the second collision determination unit 42 exceeds the threshold value of the sound pressure and the detection result of the microphone 3 (sound pressure). If (frequency) is a value within the numerical value range of the frequency, it is determined that “there is a collision”. In other cases, the second collision determination unit 42 determines “no collision”.

あるものが硬いものと衝突したときの音の周波数は、柔らかいものと衝突したときの音の周波数よりも高い周波数となる。本実施形態では、このような特性を利用し、交通弱者と衝突危険部位Ａとが衝突した際の音の周波数を、ダミー実験等により求め、所定の数値範囲として設定している。第二衝突判定部４２は、音圧及び音の周波数の少なくとも一方に基づいて、交通弱者と衝突危険部位Ａとの衝突の有無を判定するように設定されていれば良い。   The frequency of sound when a certain object collides with a hard object is higher than the frequency of sound when it collides with a soft object. In the present embodiment, using such characteristics, the frequency of sound when a weak traffic person collides with a collision risk site A is obtained by a dummy experiment or the like and set as a predetermined numerical range. The second collision determination unit 42 may be set so as to determine whether or not there is a collision between the traffic weak and the collision risk site A based on at least one of the sound pressure and the sound frequency.

事故判定部４３は、第一衝突判定部４１及び第二衝突判定部４２の判定結果に基づいて、重大事故の有無を判定する。事故判定部４３は、第一衝突判定部４１が「衝突有り」と判定してから、所定時間内に第二衝突判定部４２が「衝突有り」と判定した場合に、「重大事故有り（重大事故が発生した）」と判定する。事故判定部４３は、その他の場合、「重大事故無し」と判定する。事故判定部４３は、「重大事故有り」と判定した場合、通報部５に通報指令を送信する。   The accident determination unit 43 determines the presence or absence of a serious accident based on the determination results of the first collision determination unit 41 and the second collision determination unit 42. If the second collision determination unit 42 determines that there is a collision within a predetermined time after the first collision determination unit 41 determines that there is a collision, the accident determination unit 43 determines that there is a serious accident (serious An accident occurred) ”. In other cases, the accident determination unit 43 determines “no serious accident”. The accident determination unit 43 transmits a notification command to the notification unit 5 when determining that “there is a serious accident”.

通報部５は、車両に搭載された無線通信機であって、事故判定部４３から通報指令を受信すると、所定機関に重大事故が発生した旨を通報する。所定機関とは、車両メーカが運営する管理センター、又は、病院や救急センター等の公的機関である。通報部５は、無線での通報の際に、事故データを送信する。事故データは、例えば、イベントデータレコーダ（図示せず）の情報や位置情報である。通報部５は、ＥＣＵ４内に配置されたモジュールでも良い。   The reporting unit 5 is a wireless communication device mounted on the vehicle, and upon receiving a reporting command from the accident determination unit 43, reports to the predetermined engine that a serious accident has occurred. The predetermined organization is a management center operated by a vehicle manufacturer or a public organization such as a hospital or an emergency center. The reporting unit 5 transmits accident data when reporting by radio. The accident data is, for example, information or position information of an event data recorder (not shown). The reporting unit 5 may be a module arranged in the ECU 4.

本実施形態の重大事故検知装置の制御の流れを説明する。図３に示すように、衝突が起こると、衝突検知センサ１が衝突を検知し、第一衝突判定部４１が「衝突有り」と判定する（Ｓ１０１）。事故判定部４３は、第一衝突判定部４１から「衝突有り」の信号を受信すると、タイマを作動させ、時間のカウントを開始する（Ｓ１０２）。そして、加速度センサ２が衝突を検知した場合、第二衝突判定部４２は、当該検知結果が閾値を超えているか否かを判定する（Ｓ１０３（重大事故判定１））。   The flow of control of the serious accident detection apparatus of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, when a collision occurs, the collision detection sensor 1 detects the collision, and the first collision determination unit 41 determines that “there is a collision” (S101). When the accident determination unit 43 receives the “collision present” signal from the first collision determination unit 41, the accident determination unit 43 activates the timer and starts counting time (S102). When the acceleration sensor 2 detects a collision, the second collision determination unit 42 determines whether or not the detection result exceeds a threshold (S103 (serious accident determination 1)).

第二衝突判定部４２が「閾値を超えている（衝突有り）」と判定した場合（Ｓ１０３：Ｙｅｓ）、事故判定部４３は、時間のカウント開始から当該判定結果の受信までの時間が所定時間内であるか否かが判定する（Ｓ１０６）。当該時間が所定時間内であれば（Ｓ１０６：Ｙｅｓ）、事故判定部４３は、「重大事故有り」と判定し、通報部５に緊急通報の通報指令を送信する（Ｓ１０７）。通報部５は、通報指令を受信すると、乗員の操作なしに所定機関に通報する（Ｓ１０７）。   When the second collision determination unit 42 determines that “the threshold is exceeded (collision is present)” (S103: Yes), the accident determination unit 43 determines that the time from the start of the time count to the reception of the determination result is a predetermined time. It is determined whether it is within (S106). If the time is within the predetermined time (S106: Yes), the accident determination unit 43 determines that “there is a serious accident”, and transmits an emergency notification notification command to the notification unit 5 (S107). When the reporting unit 5 receives the reporting command, the reporting unit 5 reports to a predetermined organization without any occupant operation (S107).

一方、第二衝突判定部４２は、「閾値を超えていない」と判定した場合（Ｓ１０３：Ｎｏ）、マイクロフォン３の検知結果（音圧）が閾値を超えているか否かを判定する（Ｓ１０４（重大事故判定２−１））。閾値を超えていた場合（Ｓ１０４：Ｙｅｓ）、第二衝突判定部４２は、マイクロフォン３の検知結果（周波数）が所定の数値範囲内であるか否かを判定する（Ｓ１０５（重大事故判定２−２））。検知結果が数値範囲内である場合（Ｓ１０５：Ｙｅｓ）、第二衝突判定部４２は「衝突有り」と判定し、事故判定部４３に検知結果を送信する。事故判定部４３は、上記同様、時間のカウント開始（第一衝突判定部４１の「衝突有り」の判定）から第二衝突判定部４２の「衝突有り」の判定までの時間（以下、「検知間時間」とも称する）が所定時間内か否かを判定する（Ｓ１０６）。後の処理は、上記同様であり、Ｓ１０７へと進む。   On the other hand, when the second collision determination unit 42 determines that “the threshold value is not exceeded” (S103: No), the second collision determination unit 42 determines whether the detection result (sound pressure) of the microphone 3 exceeds the threshold value (S104 ( Serious accident judgment 2-1)). When the threshold value is exceeded (S104: Yes), the second collision determination unit 42 determines whether or not the detection result (frequency) of the microphone 3 is within a predetermined numerical range (S105 (serious accident determination 2- 2)). When the detection result is within the numerical range (S105: Yes), the second collision determination unit 42 determines that “there is a collision” and transmits the detection result to the accident determination unit 43. Similarly to the above, the accident determination unit 43 determines the time (hereinafter referred to as “detection”) from the start of time counting (determination of “collision” in the first collision determination unit 41) to the determination of “collision” in the second collision determination unit 42. It is determined whether or not the “interval time” is within a predetermined time (S106). The subsequent processing is the same as described above, and the process proceeds to S107.

第二マイクロフォンの検知結果（音圧）が閾値を超えなかった場合（Ｓ１０４：Ｎｏ）、第二マイクロフォンの検知結果（周波数）が所定の数値範囲内になかった場合（Ｓ１０５：Ｎｏ）、又は検知間時間が所定時間を超えていた場合（Ｓ１０６：Ｎｏ）は、「重大事故無し」と判定され、処理が終了する。   When the detection result (sound pressure) of the second microphone does not exceed the threshold value (S104: No), when the detection result (frequency) of the second microphone is not within the predetermined numerical range (S105: No), or detection When the interval time exceeds the predetermined time (S106: No), it is determined that “there is no serious accident”, and the process ends.

本実施形態の重大事故検知装置によれば、衝突検知センサ１で交通弱者との衝突を検知し、さらに加速度センサ２及びマイクロフォン３により交通弱者が衝突危険部位Ａに衝突したか否かを検知することで、重大事故が発生したか否かを精度良く検知することができる。衝突危険部位Ａは、他の部位よりも硬く、交通弱者が衝突すると重傷になる可能性が高い部位である。つまり、１回の事故により、交通弱者が車両に対して２度以上衝突し、２度目以降の衝突箇所が衝突危険部位Ａであった場合、交通弱者を早急に救助しなければならない状況となりやすい。本実施形態の重大事故検知装置は、このような状況であることを精度良く検知でき、乗員の操作なしで、所定機関に通報することができる。したがって、本実施形態によれば、事故後の乗員の状態（例えば気絶状態や気が動転している状態等）によらず、確実に緊急通報をすることができ、適切な処理を短時間で行うことができる。   According to the serious accident detection apparatus of the present embodiment, the collision detection sensor 1 detects a collision with a traffic weak person, and the acceleration sensor 2 and the microphone 3 detect whether the traffic weak person collides with a collision risk site A or not. Thus, it is possible to accurately detect whether or not a serious accident has occurred. The collision risk part A is a part that is harder than other parts and is likely to cause a serious injury when a traffic weak person collides. In other words, if a vulnerable person collides with a vehicle more than once due to a single accident, and the second and subsequent collision points are a collision risk area A, it is likely that the vulnerable person must be rescued immediately. . The serious accident detection apparatus according to the present embodiment can detect such a situation with high accuracy and can notify a predetermined engine without any operation by the occupant. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to make an emergency call reliably regardless of the state of the occupant after the accident (for example, the state of stunning or upset state), and appropriate processing can be performed in a short time. It can be carried out.

本実施形態では、Ａピラー９１に設置された加速度センサ２が、衝突危険部位ＡであるＡピラー９１への衝突を直接的に検知するため、衝突検知センサ１の検知結果と合わせることで、重大事故であることを確実に検知することができる。また、衝突検知センサ１、加速度センサ２、及びマイクロフォン３は、互いに異なる位置に設置されており、判定において冗長性を確保することができる。マイクロフォン３は車室内に設置されており、周囲の雑音を排除することができる。   In this embodiment, since the acceleration sensor 2 installed in the A pillar 91 directly detects a collision with the A pillar 91 that is a collision risk site A, it is important to combine the detection result with the collision detection sensor 1. It is possible to reliably detect an accident. Further, the collision detection sensor 1, the acceleration sensor 2, and the microphone 3 are installed at different positions, and redundancy can be ensured in the determination. The microphone 3 is installed in the passenger compartment and can eliminate ambient noise.

また、事故判定部４３は、検知間時間が所定時間内でなければ重大事故と判定しない。したがって、車両への１次衝突に関連のない衝突危険部位Ａへの衝突は重大事故判定から排除され、重大事故の検知精度が向上する。また、加速度センサ２とマイクロフォン３により衝突危険部位Ａへの衝突を検知するため、誤判定を抑制することができる。さらに、第二衝突判定部４２は、音圧レベル（ｄＢ）だけでなく、周波数も衝突の判定基準としているため、より精度の良い判定が可能となる。例えば、周波数によって、車両の比較的柔らかい部位（例えば窓ガラス中央部位）に衝突したことも判定できる。   Moreover, the accident determination part 43 does not determine as a serious accident unless the time between detection is within a predetermined time. Therefore, the collision with the collision risk site A that is not related to the primary collision with the vehicle is excluded from the serious accident determination, and the detection accuracy of the serious accident is improved. Further, since the acceleration sensor 2 and the microphone 3 detect a collision with the collision risk site A, erroneous determination can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the second collision determination unit 42 uses not only the sound pressure level (dB) but also the frequency as a determination criterion for collision, more accurate determination is possible. For example, it can be determined that the vehicle has collided with a relatively soft part of the vehicle (for example, the central part of the window glass).

また、例えばＡピラー９１以外の硬い部位（衝突危険部位Ａに相当する部位）に衝突した場合など、加速度センサ２の値が閾値を超えなかったとしても、マイクロフォン３の音圧及び周波数により、当該衝突を検知することができる。また、周波数を判定基準として用いることにより、音圧が閾値を超えるような大きい値を検知した場合であっても、電柱や壁など交通弱者以外のものと衝突した場合と、交通弱者と衝突した場合とを判別することができる。このように、本実施形態によれば、判定精度を向上させ、誤判定を抑制することができ、結果として誤報を抑制することができる。   Further, even when the value of the acceleration sensor 2 does not exceed the threshold value, for example, when the vehicle collides with a hard part (part corresponding to the collision risk part A) other than the A pillar 91, the sound pressure and the frequency of the microphone 3 A collision can be detected. In addition, by using the frequency as a criterion, even when a large value is detected that causes the sound pressure to exceed the threshold, there is a collision with a non-trafficked person such as a power pole or wall, and a collision with a vulnerable road The case can be discriminated. Thus, according to this embodiment, determination accuracy can be improved, erroneous determination can be suppressed, and as a result, erroneous reporting can be suppressed.

＜その他の実施形態＞
本発明は上記実施形態に限られない。例えば、上記実施形態の重大事故検知装置は、少なくともマイクロフォン３を備えるものであれば良い。例えば、加速度センサ２を備えない場合、事故判定部４３は、衝突検知センサ１とマイクロフォン３の検知結果に基づき重大事故か否かを判定する。この場合、図４に示すように、図３のＳ１０３が削除され、Ｓ１０４及びＳ１０５に置き換えられる。これによっても、１次衝突の後、マイクロフォン３が２次衝突の衝突音を検知し、当該音圧と周波数により、交通弱者と衝突危険部位Ａ（比較的硬い部位）とが衝突したか否かが判定され、重大事故を精度良く検知することができる。また、この場合又は上記実施形態において、周波数を２次衝突での判定基準から外しても良い。つまり、周波数でなく音圧で２次衝突を判定するように設定しても良い。この場合、例えば図４においてＳ１０５を削除しても良い。これによっても、精度は上記の構成のほうが優れているが、音圧により衝突危険部位Ａへの衝突の有無が判定でき、重大事故か否かを判定することができる。また、音圧でなく周波数で２次衝突を判定しても良い。 <Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the serious accident detection apparatus according to the above embodiment may be anything provided with at least the microphone 3. For example, when the acceleration sensor 2 is not provided, the accident determination unit 43 determines whether the accident is a serious accident based on the detection results of the collision detection sensor 1 and the microphone 3. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, S103 in FIG. 3 is deleted and replaced with S104 and S105. Also after this, after the primary collision, the microphone 3 detects the collision sound of the secondary collision, and whether or not the traffic weak and the collision risk site A (relatively hard site) collide with the sound pressure and frequency. Is determined, and a serious accident can be accurately detected. In this case or in the above embodiment, the frequency may be excluded from the determination criterion in the secondary collision. That is, the secondary collision may be determined not by frequency but by sound pressure. In this case, for example, S105 may be deleted in FIG. Even with this, the above-described configuration is superior in accuracy, but the presence or absence of a collision with the collision risk site A can be determined by sound pressure, and it can be determined whether or not it is a serious accident. Further, the secondary collision may be determined not by sound pressure but by frequency.

また、事故判定部４３は、１次衝突検知後、所定時間内に、加速度センサ２の検知結果により「衝突有り」と判定したこと及びマイクロフォン３の検知結果により「衝突有り」と判定したことの少なくとも一方が成立した場合に、「重大事故有り」と判定しても良い。つまり、第二衝突判定部４２は、単純に、加速度センサ２による判定と、マイクロフォン３による判定との論理和（ＯＲ）により、「衝突有り」と判定するように設定されても良い。   In addition, the accident determination unit 43 determines that “collision is present” based on the detection result of the acceleration sensor 2 and “the collision is present” based on the detection result of the microphone 3 within a predetermined time after the primary collision is detected. If at least one of them is established, it may be determined that “there is a serious accident”. That is, the second collision determination unit 42 may be set to simply determine “there is a collision” by a logical sum (OR) of the determination by the acceleration sensor 2 and the determination by the microphone 3.

また、加速度センサ２は、他の衝突危険部位Ａ、例えばエンジン９２に設置されていても良い。また、加速度センサ２は、Ａピラー９１とエンジン９２の両方に設置されていても良い。これにより、衝突危険部位Ａへの衝突を漏れなく検知できる。また、加速度センサ２は、衝撃を検知できれば良く、車両上下方向の加速度を測定するもの（例えばエンジン９２に設置する場合）でも良い。なお、本実施形態のように、車両がアクティブフードなど、事故時に歩行者を保護するためのフードが跳ね上がるシステムを搭載している場合、エンジン９２は、衝突危険部位Ａから除外しても良い。   The acceleration sensor 2 may be installed in another collision risk site A, for example, the engine 92. The acceleration sensor 2 may be installed in both the A pillar 91 and the engine 92. Thereby, the collision to the collision risk site A can be detected without omission. The acceleration sensor 2 only needs to be able to detect an impact, and may be one that measures acceleration in the vertical direction of the vehicle (for example, when installed in the engine 92). When the vehicle is equipped with a system in which the hood for protecting the pedestrian jumps up in the event of an accident, such as an active hood, the engine 92 may be excluded from the collision risk part A.

また、マイクロフォン３は、マイクロフォンを有する携帯端末（スマートフォンやタブレット）も含んでいる。つまり、携帯端末を本発明のマイクロフォン（第二衝突検知センサ）として用いても良い。例えば、スマートフォンをＥＣＵ４にケーブル又は無線により接続し、車室内の前方部位に配置する。スマートフォンのマイクロフォンが衝突音を検知し電気信号に変換してＥＣＵ４に送信する。スマートフォンは、ＥＣＵ接続用あるいは衝突検知用のアプリをインストールして使用するものでも良い。また、マイクロフォン３や携帯端末は、車室内の前方部位の左右両サイド（例えばＡピラー９１に対応する位置）に少なくとも一方に設置されていても良い。また、第二衝突判定部４２に記憶させる周波数の数値範囲は、車両（Ａピラー９１の性質）ごとに実験で求められ、例えば１つの閾値（例えば閾値以上か否か）で設定しても良い。また、衝突検知センサ１は、加速度センサであっても良い。   The microphone 3 also includes a portable terminal (smart phone or tablet) having a microphone. That is, you may use a portable terminal as a microphone (2nd collision detection sensor) of this invention. For example, a smartphone is connected to the ECU 4 by a cable or wirelessly and arranged at a front part in the vehicle interior. The microphone of the smartphone detects the collision sound, converts it into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the ECU 4. The smartphone may be one that installs and uses an application for ECU connection or collision detection. In addition, the microphone 3 and the mobile terminal may be installed on at least one of the left and right sides (for example, a position corresponding to the A pillar 91) of the front part in the vehicle interior. Moreover, the numerical value range of the frequency memorize | stored in the 2nd collision determination part 42 is calculated | required by experiment for every vehicle (the property of A pillar 91), for example, may be set by one threshold value (for example, it is more than a threshold value). . Further, the collision detection sensor 1 may be an acceleration sensor.

１：衝突検知センサ（第一衝突検知センサ）、
２：加速度センサ（第二衝突検知センサ）、
３：マイクロフォン（第二衝突検知センサ）、
４：ＥＣＵ、 ４１：第一衝突判定部、 ４２：第二衝突判定部、
４３：事故判定部、 ５：通報部、 ９１：Ａピラー、 ９２：エンジン、
Ａ：衝突危険部位 1: Collision detection sensor (first collision detection sensor),
2: Acceleration sensor (second collision detection sensor),
3: Microphone (second collision detection sensor),
4: ECU, 41: first collision determination unit, 42: second collision determination unit,
43: Accident determination unit, 5: Notification unit, 91: A pillar, 92: Engine,
A: Collision risk area

Claims (4)

車両の衝突を検知する第一衝突検知センサ（１）と、
前記第一衝突検知センサの検知結果に基づいて前記車両と交通弱者との衝突の有無を判定する第一衝突判定部（４１）と、
前記車両の正面部位のうち所定の衝突危険部位（Ａ）での衝突を検知する第二衝突検知センサ（３）と、
前記第二衝突検知センサの検知結果に基づいて、前記交通弱者と前記衝突危険部位との衝突の有無を判定する第二衝突判定部（４２）と、
前記第一衝突判定部及び前記第二衝突判定部の判定結果に基づいて、重大事故の有無を判定する事故判定部（４３）と、
を備え、
前記第二衝突検知センサは、マイクロフォン（３）を有し、
前記第二衝突判定部は、前記マイクロフォンで検知された衝突音に基づいて前記交通弱者と前記衝突危険部位との衝突の有無を判定し、
前記事故判定部は、前記第一衝突判定部が衝突有りと判定した後、所定時間内に前記第二衝突判定部が衝突有りと判定した場合に、重大事故有りと判定することを特徴とする重大事故検知装置。 A first collision detection sensor (1) for detecting a vehicle collision;
A first collision determination unit (41) for determining the presence or absence of a collision between the vehicle and a traffic weak person based on a detection result of the first collision detection sensor;
A second collision detection sensor (3) for detecting a collision at a predetermined collision risk part (A) among the front part of the vehicle;
Based on the detection result of the second collision detection sensor, a second collision determination unit (42) for determining the presence or absence of a collision between the traffic weak and the collision risk site;
An accident determination unit (43) for determining the presence or absence of a serious accident based on the determination results of the first collision determination unit and the second collision determination unit;
With
The second collision detection sensor has a microphone (3),
The second collision determination unit determines whether or not there is a collision between the traffic weak and the collision risk part based on a collision sound detected by the microphone,
The accident determination unit determines that there is a serious accident when the second collision determination unit determines that there is a collision within a predetermined time after the first collision determination unit determines that there is a collision. Serious accident detection device. 前記事故判定部が重大事故有りと判定した場合に、所定機関に通報する通報部（５）を備える請求項１に記載の重大事故検知装置。   The serious accident detection device according to claim 1, further comprising a reporting unit (5) for reporting to a predetermined organization when the accident determining unit determines that there is a serious accident. 前記第二衝突検知センサ（２、３）は、Ａピラー（９１）及びエンジン（９２）の少なくとも一方に設置された加速度センサ（２）を有する請求項１又は２に記載の重大事故検知装置。   The serious accident detection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second collision detection sensor (2, 3) includes an acceleration sensor (2) installed in at least one of the A pillar (91) and the engine (92). 前記第二衝突判定部は、音圧及び音の周波数に基づいて、前記交通弱者と前記衝突危険部位との衝突の有無を判定する請求項１〜３の何れか一項に記載の重大事故検知装置。   The serious accident detection according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second collision determination unit determines whether or not there is a collision between the traffic weak and the collision risk part based on sound pressure and sound frequency. apparatus.
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