JP2015142570A - Oil and fat composition for laminar food product, and plastic oil and fat, dough, and burned product using the same - Google Patents

Oil and fat composition for laminar food product, and plastic oil and fat, dough, and burned product using the same Download PDF

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JP2015142570A
JP2015142570A JP2014266222A JP2014266222A JP2015142570A JP 2015142570 A JP2015142570 A JP 2015142570A JP 2014266222 A JP2014266222 A JP 2014266222A JP 2014266222 A JP2014266222 A JP 2014266222A JP 2015142570 A JP2015142570 A JP 2015142570A
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JP6577711B2 (en
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晶 太田
Akira Ota
晶 太田
和彦 桑田
Kazuhiko Kuwata
和彦 桑田
横山 和明
Kazuaki Yokoyama
和明 横山
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Miyoshi Yushi KK
Miyoshi Oil and Fat Co Ltd
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Miyoshi Oil and Fat Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil and fat composition for a laminar food product good in extensibility with a dough, capable of providing fluffy texture, capable of providing a burned product good in a formation state of a laminate and having volume, and less in bleeding of liquid oil or a change of hardness of a plastic oil and fat for a laminar food product and excellent in stability at high temperature or with time, and a plastic oil and fat, the dough, and the burned product using the same.SOLUTION: It contains an oil and fat having an iodine value of 20 to 45 and containing a transesterification oil and fat (A) of a lauric oil and fat (A1) having the content of lauric acid of 30 mass% or more and a palm oil and fat (A2) having the content of aliphatic acid having 16 or more carbon atoms of 35 mass% or more, and has the total percentage of bi-saturated and tri-saturated triglyceride of 40 to 65 mass% based on the total amount of oil and fat, a mass ratio between a symmetric type and an asymmetric type of bi-saturated triglyceride of 0.3 to 1.2, and the percentage of triglyceride having 40 to 48 total carbon atoms in structural aliphatic acid of 10 to 30 mass% based on the total amount of oil and fat.

Description

本発明は、焼成品の生地に折り込んで使用される層状食品用油脂組成物とそれを用いた可塑性油脂、生地及び焼成品に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a layered food fat composition used by being folded into a baked product dough, and a plastic fat, dough and baked product using the same.

デニッシュ、クロワッサン、パイ等の焼成品の生地に折り込んで使用されるマーガリン等の可塑性油脂には、生地との伸展性が良好で、サクさのある食感が得られること、層の形成状態が良くボリュームのある焼成品を得ることができることが求められる。また、トランス型脂肪酸は動脈硬化症のリスクを増加させると言われており、健康への影響が懸念される点を考慮し、原料油脂にはトランス酸量が少ないことが望まれている。   Plastic oils and fats such as margarine, which are used by folding into baked products such as Danish, croissants, pie, etc., have good extensibility with the dough, a crunchy texture, and the layer formation state It is required that a fired product having a good volume can be obtained. In addition, trans-type fatty acids are said to increase the risk of arteriosclerosis, and it is desired that raw oils and fats have a low amount of trans-acid in consideration of the concern about the effect on health.

また、製造から使用までに際しては、高温や経時による2不飽和トリグリセリド、3不飽和トリグリセリド等の低融点トリグリセリドである液状油の染みだしが少ないこと、長期保存しても硬さ変化が少ないことも求められる。   In addition, from production to use, liquid oils that are low-melting triglycerides such as di-unsaturated triglycerides and tri-unsaturated triglycerides due to high temperatures and aging are less likely to seep out, and there is little change in hardness even after long-term storage. Desired.

従来、層状食品用油脂組成物として、油脂組成物にラウリン系油脂とパーム系油脂とのエステル交換油脂を使用する技術(特許文献1)、油脂組成物としてエステル交換油脂にパーム系油脂と液状油を組み合わせた技術(特許文献2)、油脂組成物におけるトリグリセリド組成を特定範囲とした技術(特許文献3、4)が知られている。   Conventionally, as a fat composition for layered foods, a technique (Patent Document 1) using transesterified fats and oils of lauric fats and palm fats and oils in a fat and oil composition, palm fats and liquid oils in transesterified fats and oils as an oil and fat composition. Are known (Patent Document 2) and technologies (Patent Documents 3 and 4) in which the triglyceride composition in the oil and fat composition is in a specific range.

特開2001−262181号公報JP 2001-262181 A 特開2009−34089号公報JP 2009-34089 A 特開2006−25671号公報JP 2006-25671 A 特開2012−55268号公報JP 2012-55268 A

しかしながら、特許文献1、2に記載の技術は、エステル交換油脂と他の油脂との相溶性が悪いため、可塑性が低く、生地との伸展性が良好ではなく、焼成品のボリュームが得られにくかった。具体的には、エステル交換油脂のヨウ素価が低くなると、他の油脂との相溶性が低下し、そのため前記したような各種の物性や食感に影響する懸念があり、例えば、伸展性の低下や、高温や経時によって液状油が染みだすという問題があった。   However, the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have poor compatibility between the transesterified oil and other fats and oils, and therefore have low plasticity and poor extensibility with the dough, making it difficult to obtain a volume of the baked product. It was. Specifically, when the iodine value of the transesterified oil and fat is lowered, the compatibility with other fats and oils is lowered, and therefore, there is a concern of affecting various physical properties and textures as described above, for example, a decrease in extensibility. In addition, there was a problem that liquid oil oozes out due to high temperature and aging.

また、特許文献1、2に記載の技術は、エステル交換油脂の原料であるラウリン系油脂の含有量が比較的多く、ラウリン酸を多く含有するため、口溶けは良くなる傾向にあるものの、保存安定性が低下しやすく、特に、高温や経時によって液状油が染みだすという問題があった。   In addition, the technologies described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are relatively high in the content of lauric fats and oils that are raw materials for transesterified fats and oils, and contain a large amount of lauric acid. In particular, there is a problem that liquid oil oozes out due to high temperature and aging.

特許文献3に記載の技術は、油脂中におけるトリステアリン酸量が多いため、焼成品の口溶けが悪くなりやすいという問題があった。   The technique described in Patent Document 3 has a problem in that the amount of tristearic acid in fats and oils is large, so that the melt of the fired product tends to be poor.

特許文献4に記載の技術は、トリグリセリド組成を特定範囲とするためにエステル交換油脂を分別した液状油を用いているが、油脂組成物を高温で保存した場合、安定性が低下しやすいという問題があった。   The technique described in Patent Document 4 uses liquid oil obtained by fractionating transesterified oils and fats in order to make the triglyceride composition within a specific range. However, when the oil and fat composition is stored at a high temperature, the stability tends to decrease. was there.

本発明は、以上の通りの事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、生地との伸展性が良好でサクさのある食感が得られ、層の形成状態が良くボリュームのある焼成品を得ることができ、かつ液状油の染みだしや層状食品用可塑性油脂の硬さ変化が少なく高温や経時に対する安定性に優れた層状食品用油脂組成物とそれを用いた可塑性油脂、生地及び焼成品を提供することを課題としている。   The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, to obtain a crisp texture with good extensibility with the dough, and to obtain a baked product with good layer formation and volume. A layered food oil composition that is capable of producing liquid oil and has little change in hardness of the layered food plastic oil and fat, and has excellent stability against high temperatures and aging, and a plastic oil, dough, and baked product using the same The challenge is to do.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、焼成品の生地に折り込んで使用される層状食品用油脂組成物であって、全構成脂肪酸中のラウリン酸含有量が30質量%以上であるラウリン系油脂(A1)と、全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数16以上の脂肪酸含有量が35質量%以上であるパーム系油脂(A2)とのエステル交換油脂であって、かつヨウ素価が20〜45の範囲内であるエステル交換油脂(A)を含む油脂を含有し、構成脂肪酸として飽和脂肪酸(S)を2個、不飽和脂肪酸(U)を1個含む2飽和トリグリセリドと、構成脂肪酸として飽和脂肪酸(S)を3個含む3飽和トリグリセリドとの合計割合が油脂全量に対して40〜65質量%、2飽和トリグリセリドのうち、対称型トリグリセリド(SUS)と非対称型トリグリセリド(SSU)との質量比(SUS/SSU)が0.3〜1.2、構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が40〜48であるトリグリセリドの割合が油脂全量に対して10〜30質量%であることを特徴としている。   In order to solve the above problems, the layered food fat composition of the present invention is a layered food fat composition used by being folded into a baked product dough, wherein the content of lauric acid in all the constituent fatty acids is A transesterified oil and fat of lauric oil and fat (A1) that is 30% by mass or more and a palm oil and fat (A2) that has a fatty acid content of 16 or more carbon atoms in all constituent fatty acids of 35% by mass or more, and 2 saturated triglycerides containing fats and oils including transesterified fats and oils (A) whose iodine value is in the range of 20 to 45, and containing two saturated fatty acids (S) and one unsaturated fatty acid (U) as constituent fatty acids; The total proportion of trisaturated triglycerides containing 3 saturated fatty acids (S) as constituent fatty acids is 40 to 65% by mass with respect to the total amount of fats and oils. The ratio of the triglyceride in which the mass ratio (SUS / SSU) to the type triglyceride (SSU) is 0.3 to 1.2 and the total number of carbon atoms of the constituent fatty acids is 40 to 48 is 10 to 30% by mass with respect to the total amount of the oil and fat. It is characterized by being.

本発明の層状食品用可塑性油脂は、前記の層状食品用油脂組成物を含有する。   The layered food-use plastic fat / oil of the present invention contains the layered food-use fat / oil composition.

本発明の焼成品用の生地は、前記の層状食品用可塑性油脂を含有する。   The dough for a baked product of the present invention contains the above-mentioned layered food plastic oil.

本発明の焼成品は、前記の生地を焼成して得られる。   The fired product of the present invention is obtained by firing the dough.

本発明によれば、生地との伸展性が良好で、生地縮みがなく、サクさのある食感が得られ、層の形成状態が良くボリュームのある焼成品を得ることができ、かつ液状油の染みだしや層状食品用可塑性油脂の硬さ変化が少なく高温や経時に対する安定性に優れる。   According to the present invention, the extensibility with the dough is good, the dough is not shrunk, a crisp texture is obtained, a layered state is good and a baked product with a volume can be obtained, and a liquid oil There is little change in hardness of the plastic oil and fat for layered foods and excellent stability to high temperatures and aging.

以下に、本発明について詳細に説明する。
1.層状食品用油脂組成物
本発明において、油脂中のトリグリセリドとは、1分子のグリセロールに3分子の脂肪酸がエステル結合した構造を有するものである。トリグリセリドの1位、2位、3位とは、脂肪酸が結合した位置を表す。なお、トリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の略称として、S:飽和脂肪酸、U:不飽和脂肪酸、を用いる。
The present invention is described in detail below.
1. Layered food fat composition In the present invention, the triglyceride in the fat has a structure in which three molecules of fatty acid are ester-bonded to one molecule of glycerol. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd positions of triglyceride represent the positions where fatty acids are bonded. In addition, S: saturated fatty acid and U: unsaturated fatty acid are used as abbreviations of constituent fatty acids of triglyceride.

飽和脂肪酸Sは、油脂中に含まれるすべての飽和脂肪酸である。また、各トリグリセリド分子に結合している2つ又は3つの飽和脂肪酸Sは、同一の飽和脂肪酸であってもよいし、異なる飽和脂肪酸であってもよい。   Saturated fatty acid S is all saturated fatty acids contained in fats and oils. The two or three saturated fatty acids S bonded to each triglyceride molecule may be the same saturated fatty acid or different saturated fatty acids.

飽和脂肪酸Sとしては、酪酸(4)、カプロン酸(6)、カプリル酸(8)、カプリン酸(10)、ラウリン酸(12)、ミリスチン酸(14)、パルミチン酸(16)、ステアリン酸(18)、アラキジン酸(20)、ベヘン酸(22)、リグノセリン酸(24)等が挙げられる。なお、上記の数値表記は、脂肪酸の炭素数である。   Saturated fatty acids S include butyric acid (4), caproic acid (6), caprylic acid (8), capric acid (10), lauric acid (12), myristic acid (14), palmitic acid (16), stearic acid ( 18), arachidic acid (20), behenic acid (22), lignoceric acid (24) and the like. In addition, said numerical description is carbon number of a fatty acid.

不飽和脂肪酸Uは、油脂中に含まれるすべての不飽和脂肪酸である。また、各トリグリセリド分子に結合している2つ又は3つの不飽和脂肪酸Uは、同一の不飽和脂肪酸であってもよいし、異なる不飽和脂肪酸であってもよい。   Unsaturated fatty acid U is all unsaturated fatty acids contained in fats and oils. Moreover, the same unsaturated fatty acid may be sufficient as the 2 or 3 unsaturated fatty acid U couple | bonded with each triglyceride molecule | numerator, and a different unsaturated fatty acid may be sufficient as it.

不飽和脂肪酸Uとしては、ミリストレイン酸(14:1)、パルミトレイン酸(16:1)、オレイン酸(18:1)、リノール酸(18:2)、リノレン酸(18:3)、エルカ酸(22:1)等が挙げられる。なお、上記の数値表記は、脂肪酸の炭素数と二重結合数の組み合わせである。   As unsaturated fatty acid U, myristoleic acid (14: 1), palmitoleic acid (16: 1), oleic acid (18: 1), linoleic acid (18: 2), linolenic acid (18: 3), erucic acid (22: 1). In addition, said numerical description is a combination of carbon number and double bond number of a fatty acid.

本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物に使用される油脂は、1位、2位、3位のすべてに飽和脂肪酸Sが結合した3飽和トリグリセリドを含み、1分子のグリセロールに2分子の飽和脂肪酸Sと1分子の不飽和脂肪酸Uが結合した2飽和トリグリセリドとして、1位及び3位に飽和脂肪酸Sが結合し、かつ2位に不飽和脂肪酸Uが結合した対称型トリグリセリド(SUS)と、1位及び2位に飽和脂肪酸Sが結合し、かつ3位に不飽和脂肪酸Uが結合した非対称型トリグリセリド(SSU)とを含む。また、1分子のグリセロールに2分子の不飽和脂肪酸Uと1分子の飽和脂肪酸Sが結合した2不飽和トリグリセリドを含み、1位、2位、3位のすべてに不飽和脂肪酸Uが結合した3不飽和トリグリセリドを含む。   The fats and oils used in the layered food fat composition of the present invention contains trisaturated triglycerides in which saturated fatty acids S are bonded to all of the first, second, and third positions, and two molecules of saturated fatty acids S in one molecule of glycerol. A symmetric triglyceride (SUS) in which a saturated fatty acid S is bonded to the 1-position and the 3-position and an unsaturated fatty acid U is bonded to the 2-position And an asymmetric triglyceride (SSU) having a saturated fatty acid S bonded to the 2-position and an unsaturated fatty acid U bonded to the 3-position. It also contains 2 unsaturated triglycerides in which 2 molecules of unsaturated fatty acid U and 1 molecule of saturated fatty acid S are bonded to 1 molecule of glycerol, and unsaturated fatty acid U is bonded to all of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd positions. Contains unsaturated triglycerides.

本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、構成脂肪酸として飽和脂肪酸(S)を2個、不飽和脂肪酸(U)を1個含む2飽和トリグリセリドと、構成脂肪酸として飽和脂肪酸(S)を3個含む3飽和トリグリセリドとの合計割合が油脂全量に対して40〜65質量%であり、好ましくは40〜60質量%である。この範囲内であると、焼成品の層の形成状態が良くボリュームのある焼成品を得ることができ、かつ層状食品用可塑性油脂の生地との伸展性が良好でサクさのある食感が得られる。この合計割合が40質量%以上であると、生地との伸展性が良好で焼成品はサクさのある食感が得られ、この合計割合が65質量%以下であると、層状食品用可塑性油脂が軟らかくなって焼成品の層の形成状態が悪くなることを抑制でき、ボリュームのある焼成品が得られる。   The layered food fat composition of the present invention contains two saturated fatty acids (S) as constituent fatty acids, two saturated triglycerides containing one unsaturated fatty acid (U), and three saturated fatty acids (S) as constituent fatty acids. The total ratio of trisaturated triglycerides is 40 to 65% by mass, preferably 40 to 60% by mass, based on the total amount of fats and oils. Within this range, it is possible to obtain a baked product with a good volume formation state of the baked product layer and a good stretchability with the dough of the layered food plastic oil and fat, and a crispy texture can be obtained. It is done. When the total ratio is 40% by mass or more, the extensibility with the dough is good and the baked product has a crunchy texture. When the total ratio is 65% by mass or less, the layered food-use plastic fats and oils Can be prevented from becoming soft and the formation state of the layer of the fired product is deteriorated, and a fired product having a volume can be obtained.

本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、2飽和トリグリセリドのうち、対称型トリグリセリド(SUS)と非対称型トリグリセリド(SSU)との質量比(SUS/SSU)が0.3〜1.2、好ましくは0.1〜1.0である。この範囲内であると、生地の作製時に層状食品用可塑性油脂が生地に練り込まれることがなく物性や食感が良好であり、かつ高温や経時による液状油の染みだしや長期保存時における硬さ変化の少ない安定性に優れた層状食品用可塑性油脂を調製することができ、また層状食品用可塑性油脂の生地との伸展性が良好で、生地縮みがなく、焼成品はサクさのある食感が得られる。この質量比が0.3以上であると、結晶の析出が速過ぎて製造機で練られ過ぎ、層状食品用可塑性油脂としたときに軟らかく腰のないものとなることが抑制されて、生地の作製時に層状食品用可塑性油脂が生地に練り込まれることが抑制される。この質量比が1.2以下であると、可塑性油脂は高温や経時による液状油の染みだしや長期保存時における硬さ変化が少なく、また層状食品用可塑性油脂の生地との伸展性が良好で焼成品はサクさのある食感が得られる。   The fat and oil composition for layered food of the present invention has a mass ratio (SUS / SSU) of symmetric triglyceride (SUS) to asymmetric triglyceride (SSU) of disaturated triglycerides of 0.3 to 1.2, preferably 0.1 to 1.0. Within this range, the layered food-use plastic fats and oils are not kneaded into the dough at the time of preparation of the dough, and the physical properties and texture are good. It is possible to prepare plastic fats and oils for layered foods with excellent stability with little change in thickness, extensibility with the dough of layered food plastic oils and fats, no shrinkage of the dough, and the baked product is a crispy food A feeling is obtained. When this mass ratio is 0.3 or more, the precipitation of crystals is too fast and it is too kneaded by a manufacturing machine, and when it is made into a plastic fat for layered foods, it is suppressed from becoming soft and dull. It is suppressed that the layered food-use plastic fat is kneaded into the dough during production. When this mass ratio is 1.2 or less, the plastic fats and oils are less likely to seep out of the liquid oil due to high temperature and aging and change in hardness during long-term storage, and the extensibility of the plastic fats and oils for layered foods is good. The baked product has a crispy texture.

本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が40〜48であるトリグリセリドの割合が油脂全量に対して10〜30質量%、好ましくは10〜25質量%である。この範囲内であると、層状食品用可塑性油脂の生地との伸展性が良好で焼成品はサクさのある食感が得られ、かつ焼成品の口溶けとフレーバーリリースも良好である。この割合が10質量%以上であると前記したような各種の物性や食感が良好で、口溶けとフレーバーリリースも良く、30質量%以下であると、層状食品用可塑性油脂の生地との伸展性が良好で焼成品はサクさのある食感が得られる。   In the fat-and-oil composition for layered food of the present invention, the proportion of triglycerides in which the total carbon number of the constituent fatty acids is 40 to 48 is 10 to 30% by mass, preferably 10 to 25% by mass, based on the total amount of oil and fat. Within this range, the extensibility of the layered food plastic oil and fat is good, the baked product has a crispy texture, and the baked product has good melting and flavor release. When the proportion is 10% by mass or more, the above-described various physical properties and textures are good, the mouth melting and the flavor release are good, and when the proportion is 30% by mass or less, extensibility with the dough of the layered food plastic oil and fat. And the baked product has a crunchy texture.

そして本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、後述のラウリン系油脂(A1)とパーム系油脂(A2)とのエステル交換油脂であるエステル交換油脂(A)を含有することを特徴としている。このエステル交換油脂(A)を原料に用いて他の油脂と混合し、油脂のトリグリセリド組成を前記の範囲内に調整することにより、生地との伸展性が良好でサクさのある食感が得られ、層の形成状態が良くボリュームのある焼成品を得ることができ、かつ液状油の染みだしや層状食品用可塑性油脂の硬さ変化が少なく高温や経時に対する安定性にも優れている。このエステル交換油脂(A)を原料に用いて得られた本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、低温から高温までの広温度域において可塑性を有する層状食品用可塑性油脂を調製することができ、そして特に、他の油脂との相溶性が良いため前記したような各種の物性や食感が向上し、例えば硬い油脂だけで固まることが抑制され、高温や経時による液状油の染みだしや長期保存時における硬さ変化の少ない安定性に優れた層状食品用可塑性油脂を調製することができる。   And the fats and oils composition for layered foods of this invention is characterized by containing transesterification fats and oils (A) which are transesterification fats and oils of the below-mentioned lauric fats and oils (A1) and palm fats and oils (A2). By using this transesterified fat (A) as a raw material and mixing with other fats and oils, and adjusting the triglyceride composition of the fats and fats within the above range, a texture with good extensibility with the dough is obtained. In addition, it is possible to obtain a baked product having a good layer formation state and a large volume, and less exudation of liquid oil and a change in the hardness of the layered food-use plastic fat and oil, and excellent stability at high temperatures and with time. The layered food fat composition of the present invention obtained by using the transesterified fat (A) as a raw material can prepare a layered food plastic fat having plasticity in a wide temperature range from a low temperature to a high temperature, And especially because it has good compatibility with other oils and fats, it improves various physical properties and textures as described above. For example, it hardens only with hard oils and fats. It is possible to prepare a layered food-use plastic fat and oil excellent in stability with little change in hardness at the time.

トランス型脂肪酸は動脈硬化症のリスクを増加させると言われており、健康への影響が懸念される点を考慮し、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、トランス酸量が油脂全量に対して0.1〜5質量%であることが好ましい。   Trans fatty acids are said to increase the risk of arteriosclerosis, and considering the concern about the health impact, the layered food fat composition of the present invention has a trans acid content relative to the total fat content. It is preferable that it is 0.1-5 mass%.

以上のような構成を有する本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、3飽和トリグリセリドの割合が油脂全量に対して5〜30質量%であることが好ましく、2飽和トリグリセリド及び3飽和トリグリセリドの合計量と、3飽和トリグリセリドとの質量比(2飽和トリグリセリド+3飽和トリグリセリド/3飽和トリグリセリド)が1.2〜5であることが好ましく、2飽和トリグリセリドと3飽和トリグリセリドとの質量比(2飽和トリグリセリド/3飽和トリグリセリド)が0.4〜4であることが好ましい。   In the layered food and fat composition of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the proportion of 3 saturated triglycerides is preferably 5 to 30% by mass with respect to the total amount of fats and oils, and the total amount of 2 saturated and 3 saturated triglycerides. And the mass ratio of trisaturated triglyceride (2 saturated triglyceride + 3 saturated triglyceride / 3 saturated triglyceride) is preferably 1.2 to 5, and the mass ratio of 2 saturated triglyceride to 3 saturated triglyceride (2 saturated triglyceride / 3 The saturated triglyceride) is preferably 0.4-4.

(エステル交換油脂(A))
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物に原料として使用されるエステル交換油脂(A)は、全構成脂肪酸中のラウリン酸含有量が30質量%以上であるラウリン系油脂(A1)と、全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数16以上の脂肪酸含有量が35質量%以上であるパーム系油脂(A2)とのエステル交換油脂である。
(Transesterified oil (A))
The transesterified oil and fat (A) used as a raw material in the layered food and fat composition of the present invention includes a lauric fat and oil (A1) having a lauric acid content of 30% by mass or more in the total constituent fatty acid, and the total constituent fatty acid. It is transesterified oil and fat with palm-type fat and oil (A2) whose content of fatty acid having 16 or more carbon atoms is 35 mass% or more.

そしてエステル交換油脂(A)は、ヨウ素価が20〜45である。この範囲内であると、他の油脂との相溶性が良く、そして他の油脂に対して核となりやすく、核発生を誘発し、その結果として固化が遅れることを抑制することができるため、前記したような各種の物性や食感が向上し、例えば、高温や経時による液状油の染みだしや長期保存時における硬さ変化の少ない安定性に優れたものを調製することができる。ヨウ素価が20以上であると、他の油脂との相溶性が良く、前記したような各種の物性や食感が向上し、例えば硬い油脂だけで固まることが抑制され、高温や経時による液状油の染みだしや長期保存時における硬さ変化を抑制できる。ヨウ素価が45以下であると、他の油脂に対して核となりやすく、核発生を誘発し、その結果として固化が遅れることを抑制することができるため、前記したような各種の物性や食感が向上し、例えば高温や経時による液状油の染みだしや長期保存時における硬さ変化を抑制できる。   The transesterified oil (A) has an iodine value of 20 to 45. Within this range, compatibility with other fats and oils is good, and it is easy to become nuclei with respect to other fats and oils, so that nucleation can be induced, and as a result solidification can be prevented from being delayed. Such various physical properties and textures can be improved. For example, it is possible to prepare a liquid oil that is excellent in stability with little exudation of liquid oil due to high temperature and aging and little change in hardness during long-term storage. When the iodine value is 20 or more, compatibility with other fats and oils is good, and various physical properties and textures as described above are improved. It is possible to suppress changes in hardness during oozing and long-term storage. When the iodine value is 45 or less, it is easy to become a nucleus for other fats and oils, and it is possible to suppress the delay in solidification as a result of inducing the generation of nuclei. For example, liquid oil oozes out due to high temperature or time, and changes in hardness during long-term storage can be suppressed.

そしてエステル交換油脂(A)は、ラウリン系油脂(A1)5質量%以上30質量%未満と、パーム系油脂(A2)70質量%超95質量%以下とをエステル交換反応して得られたものであることが好ましい。より好ましくはラウリン系油脂(A1)10質量%以上30質量%未満と、パーム系油脂(A2)70質量%超90質量%以下とをエステル交換反応して得られたものであり、更に好ましくは、ラウリン系油脂(A1)10〜28質量%と、パーム系油脂(A2)72〜90質量%とをエステル交換反応して得られたものである。ラウリン系油脂(A1)とパーム系油脂(A2)をこの質量範囲で使用することで、生地との伸展性が良好でサクさのある食感が得られ、層の形成状態が良くボリュームのある焼成品を得ることができ、かつ液状油の染みだしや層状食品用可塑性油脂の硬さ変化が少なく高温や経時に対する安定性にも優れている。特に、ラウリン系油脂(A1)の添加量を30質量%未満にすると、高温や経時によって液状油が染みだすことを抑制でき、安定性に優れている。   The transesterified oil (A) was obtained by transesterification of 5% by mass or more and less than 30% by mass of the lauric oil / fat (A1) and more than 70% by mass to 95% by mass or less of the palm oil / fat (A2). It is preferable that More preferably, it is obtained by a transesterification reaction between 10% by mass or more and less than 30% by mass of lauric oil (A1) and more than 70% by mass of palm oil (A2), and more preferably 90% by mass or less. The lauric oil (A1) 10 to 28% by mass and the palm oil (A2) 72 to 90% by mass are obtained by transesterification. By using the lauric oil (A1) and the palm oil (A2) in this mass range, the extensibility with the dough is good and a crisp texture is obtained, the layer formation state is good and the volume is high. A baked product can be obtained, and there is little change in the hardness of the liquid oil ooze and the plastic fat for layered foods, and the stability to high temperatures and time is excellent. In particular, when the addition amount of the lauric fat (A1) is less than 30% by mass, the liquid oil can be prevented from oozing out due to high temperature and time, and the stability is excellent.

特に、高温や経時によって液状油が染みだすことを抑制できる点を考慮し、かつ前記したような各種の物性や食感を得ることができる点も考慮すると、エステル交換油脂(A)は、全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数12〜14の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が7〜20質量%であることが好ましい。また、全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数18の不飽和脂肪酸の含有量が18〜40質量%であることが好ましい。   In particular, considering that the liquid oil can be prevented from oozing out at high temperatures and over time, and considering the fact that various physical properties and textures as described above can be obtained, the transesterified oil (A) The content of the saturated fatty acid having 12 to 14 carbon atoms in the constituent fatty acid is preferably 7 to 20% by mass. Moreover, it is preferable that content of C18 unsaturated fatty acid in all the constituent fatty acids is 18-40 mass%.

またエステル交換油脂(A)は、全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数16〜18の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が好ましくは40〜60質量%である。   In the transesterified oil (A), the content of saturated fatty acids having 16 to 18 carbon atoms in all the constituent fatty acids is preferably 40 to 60% by mass.

以上の他に、前記したような各種の物性や食感が良好となる点を考慮すると、ラウリン系油脂(A1)とパーム系油脂(A2)とを前記の質量範囲でエステル交換反応して得られるエステル交換油脂(A)は、次のものが好ましい。   In addition to the above, in consideration of various physical properties and textures as described above, the lauric oil (A1) and the palm oil (A2) are transesterified in the above mass range. The following transesterified oils and fats (A) are preferable.

エステル交換油脂(A)は、構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が40〜46であるトリグリセリドの組成物中の割合が5〜40質量%であることが好ましく、10〜40質量%であることがより好ましく、10〜35質量%であることがさらに好ましい。これらの範囲内であると、他の油脂との相溶性が良く、焼成品の口溶けも良い。   It is preferable that the ratio in the composition of the triglyceride whose total carbon number of a constituent fatty acid is 40-46 is 5-40 mass%, and it is more preferable that transesterified oil (A) is 10-40 mass%. More preferably, it is 10-35 mass%. Within these ranges, the compatibility with other oils and fats is good, and the mouth of the fired product is also good.

エステル交換油脂(A)は、構成脂肪酸として飽和脂肪酸(S)を2個、不飽和脂肪酸(U)を1個含む2飽和トリグリセリドのうち、対称トリグリセリド(SUS)と非対称トリグリセリド(SSU)との質量比(SUS/SSU)が0.45〜0.55であることが好ましい。これにより結晶性が良くなるため、他の油脂と混合した際に相溶性が良く、層状食品用可塑性油脂としたときに可塑性が良好であり、高温や経時によって液状油が染みだすことも抑制できる。   The transesterified oil (A) is a mass of symmetric triglyceride (SUS) and asymmetric triglyceride (SSU) among di-saturated triglycerides containing two saturated fatty acids (S) and one unsaturated fatty acid (U) as constituent fatty acids. The ratio (SUS / SSU) is preferably 0.45 to 0.55. This improves crystallinity, so compatibility when mixed with other fats and oils, good plasticity when used as layered food plastic fats and oils, and suppression of oozing out of liquid oil due to high temperatures and aging. .

エステル交換油脂(A)は、トリグリセリドの全構成脂肪酸中、ラウリン酸量のステアリン酸量に対する質量比(ラウリン酸量/ステアリン酸量)が好ましくは0.2〜0.7、より好ましくは0.4〜0.6であり、かつ炭素数18の不飽和脂肪酸量の炭素数18の飽和脂肪酸量に対する比率(C18の不飽和脂肪酸量/C18の飽和脂肪酸量)が好ましくは0.5〜4.0、より好ましくは1.0〜2.0である。この範囲内であると、層状食品用可塑性油脂の保型性が良好となる。   The transesterified oil / fat (A) has a mass ratio of lauric acid to stearic acid (lauric acid / stearic acid) in the total constituent fatty acids of triglycerides, preferably 0.2 to 0.7, more preferably 0.00. The ratio of the amount of unsaturated fatty acids having 4 to 0.6 and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms to the amount of saturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms (C18 unsaturated fatty acid amount / C18 saturated fatty acid amount) is preferably 0.5 to 4. 0, more preferably 1.0 to 2.0. Within this range, the shape-retaining property of the layered food-use plastic fat is improved.

エステル交換油脂(A)は、5℃におけるSFCが55〜80%であることが好ましい。この範囲内であると、高温や経時による液状油の染みだしや長期保存時における硬さ変化を抑制でき、安定性に優れている。また35℃におけるSFCが15%以上であることが好ましく、15〜30%であることがより好ましい。この範囲内であると、層状食品用可塑性油脂の保型性が良好となる。なお、5℃及び35℃のSFCは、基準油脂分析試験法(社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.2.9−2003 固体脂含量(NMR法)」により測定することができる。   The transesterified oil (A) preferably has an SFC of 55 to 80% at 5 ° C. Within this range, liquid oil oozes out at high temperatures and over time and changes in hardness during long-term storage can be suppressed, and the stability is excellent. Moreover, it is preferable that SFC in 35 degreeC is 15% or more, and it is more preferable that it is 15-30%. Within this range, the shape-retaining property of the layered food-use plastic fat is improved. In addition, SFC of 5 degreeC and 35 degreeC can be measured by the "2.2.9-2003 solid fat content (NMR method)" of the standard fats-and-oils analysis test method (Japan Oil Chemical Society).

(ラウリン系油脂(A1))
以上のようなエステル交換油脂(A)の原料であるラウリン系油脂(A1)は、全構成脂肪酸中のラウリン酸含有量が30質量%以上、好ましくは40〜55質量%、より好ましくは45〜50質量%である。このようなラウリン系油脂(A1)としては、パーム核油、ヤシ油、これらの分別油、硬化油等が挙げられ、これらは1種単独で使用してもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。これらのうち、ヤシ油に比べて融点が高く、高融点のエステル交換油脂(A)を容易に得ることができる点を考慮すると、パーム核油及びその分別油や硬化油が好ましい。硬化油の場合、水素添加量によってトランス酸の含有量が増加する虞があるため、硬化油を用いる場合には部分硬化油、低温硬化油、あるいは完全水素添加した極度硬化油から適宜に選択することが好ましい。
(Laurin oil (A1))
The lauric fat (A1) that is the raw material of the transesterified fat (A) as described above has a lauric acid content of 30% by mass or more, preferably 40 to 55% by mass, more preferably 45 to 45% by mass in the total constituent fatty acids. 50% by mass. Examples of such lauric fats and oils (A1) include palm kernel oil, coconut oil, fractionated oils thereof, hardened oils, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Good. Among these, palm kernel oil and its fractionated oil and hardened oil are preferred in view of the fact that the melting point is higher than that of coconut oil and a high melting point transesterified oil (A) can be easily obtained. In the case of hydrogenated oil, the content of trans acid may increase depending on the amount of hydrogen added, so when using hydrogenated oil, select from partially hardened oil, low-temperature hardened oil, or fully hydrogenated extremely hardened oil as appropriate. It is preferable.

ラウリン系油脂(A1)は、ヨウ素価が2以下であることが好ましい。ヨウ素価が2以下のラウリン系油脂(A1)を用いると、エステル交換油脂(A)を他の油脂と混合する際に結晶核となり固化し易く、高温や経時による液状油の染みだしを抑制できる。またトランス酸の生成の虞も少ない。ヨウ素価が2以下のラウリン系油脂(A1)としては、極度硬化油を用いることができる。   The lauric oil (A1) preferably has an iodine value of 2 or less. When lauric fats and oils (A1) having an iodine value of 2 or less are used, transesterified fats and oils (A) are easily crystallized and solidified when mixed with other fats and oils, and it is possible to suppress oozing of liquid oil due to high temperatures and aging. . Moreover, there is little possibility of the production of trans acid. As the lauric oil (A1) having an iodine value of 2 or less, extremely hardened oil can be used.

(パーム系油脂(A2))
全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数16以上の脂肪酸含有量が35質量%以上であるパーム系油脂(A2)としては、パーム油、パーム分別油、これらの硬化油、エステル交換油脂等が挙げられ、これらは1種単独で使用してもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。パーム分別油としては、硬質部、軟質部、中融点部等を用いることができる。パーム系油脂(A2)として硬化油を使用する場合、部分硬化油、低温硬化油、極度硬化油等を用いることができるが、中でも極度硬化油が好ましい。
(Palm oil and fat (A2))
Examples of palm-based fats and oils (A2) having a fatty acid content of 16 or more carbon atoms in all constituent fatty acids of 35% by mass or more include palm oil, palm fractionated oil, hardened oils thereof, transesterified oils and fats, etc. May be used alone or in combination of two or more. As palm fractionation oil, a hard part, a soft part, a middle melting point part, etc. can be used. When using hardened oil as palm oil fat (A2), although partially hardened oil, low temperature hardened oil, extremely hardened oil, etc. can be used, extreme hardened oil is especially preferable.

パーム系油脂(A2)は、ヨウ素価が30〜55であることが好ましく、30〜40であることがより好ましい。この範囲内であると、高温や経時による液状油の染みだしを抑制できる。   The palm oil fat (A2) preferably has an iodine value of 30 to 55, and more preferably 30 to 40. Within this range, it is possible to suppress oozing of the liquid oil due to high temperatures and aging.

パーム系油脂(A2)は、極度硬化油を5〜45質量%含有することが好ましく、20〜45質量%含有することがより好ましい。極度硬化油をこの範囲内で含有すると、長期保存時における層状食品用可塑性油脂の硬さ変化を抑制でき、また高温や経時による液状油の染みだしを抑制できる。   The palm oil (A2) preferably contains 5 to 45% by mass of extremely hardened oil, more preferably 20 to 45% by mass. When the extremely hardened oil is contained within this range, it is possible to suppress changes in the hardness of the layered food-use plastic fats and oils during long-term storage, and to suppress the oozing of the liquid oil due to high temperatures and aging.

ラウリン系油脂(A1)と、パーム系油脂(A2)とのエステル交換反応には、エステル交換触媒として化学触媒や酵素触媒が用いられる。化学触媒としてはナトリウムメチラートや水酸化ナトリウム等が用いられ、酵素触媒としてはリパーゼ等が用いられる。リパーゼとしてはアスペルギルス属、アルカリゲネス属等のリパーゼが挙げられ、イオン交換樹脂、ケイ藻土、セラミック等の担体上に固定し固定化したものを用いても、粉末の形態として用いても良い。また位置選択性のあるリパーゼ、位置選択性のないリパーゼのいずれも用いることができるが、位置選択性のないリパーゼを用いることが好ましい。エステル交換触媒として化学触媒や位置選択性のない酵素触媒を用いた場合、ラウリン系油脂(A1)とパーム系油脂(A2)とのエステル交換反応が完了すると、構成脂肪酸として飽和脂肪酸(S)を2個、不飽和脂肪酸(U)を1個含む2飽和トリグリセリドのうち、対称型トリグリセリド(SUS)と非対称型トリグリセリド(SSU)とのエステル交換油脂(A)中における質量比(SUS/SSU)が0.45〜0.55の範囲内となる。   In the transesterification reaction between the lauric fat (A1) and the palm fat (A2), a chemical catalyst or an enzyme catalyst is used as a transesterification catalyst. Sodium methylate, sodium hydroxide or the like is used as the chemical catalyst, and lipase or the like is used as the enzyme catalyst. Examples of the lipase include lipases of the genus Aspergillus, Alkagenes, etc., which may be fixed and immobilized on a carrier such as an ion exchange resin, diatomaceous earth, or ceramic, or may be used in the form of a powder. Either lipase with regioselectivity or lipase without regioselectivity can be used, but it is preferable to use a lipase without regioselectivity. When a chemical catalyst or an enzyme catalyst without regioselectivity is used as the transesterification catalyst, when the transesterification reaction between the lauric oil (A1) and the palm oil (A2) is completed, the saturated fatty acid (S) is selected as the constituent fatty acid. Among the two saturated triglycerides containing one unsaturated fatty acid (U), the mass ratio (SUS / SSU) in the transesterified oil (A) of the symmetric triglyceride (SUS) and the asymmetric triglyceride (SSU) is It is within the range of 0.45 to 0.55.

エステル交換反応に化学触媒を用いる場合、触媒を油脂質量の0.05〜0.15質量%添加し、減圧下で80〜120℃に加熱し、0.5〜1.0時間攪拌することでラウリン系油脂(A1)とパーム系油脂(A2)とのエステル交換反応が平衡状態となって完了し、エステル交換油脂(A)を得ることができる。また酵素触媒を用いる場合、リパーゼ等の酵素触媒を油脂質量の0.01〜10質量%添加し、40〜80℃でエステル交換反応を行うことによりエステル交換反応が平衡状態となって完了し、エステル交換油脂(A)を得ることができる。エステル交換反応はカラムによる連続反応、バッチ反応のいずれの方法で行うこともできる。エステル交換反応後、必要に応じて脱色、脱臭等の精製を行うことができる。   When using a chemical catalyst for the transesterification reaction, the catalyst is added at 0.05 to 0.15% by mass of the oil lipid amount, heated to 80 to 120 ° C. under reduced pressure, and stirred for 0.5 to 1.0 hour. The transesterification reaction between the lauric fat (A1) and the palm fat (A2) is completed in an equilibrium state, and the transesterified fat (A) can be obtained. When an enzyme catalyst is used, an enzyme catalyst such as lipase is added in an amount of 0.01 to 10% by mass of the oil lipid amount, and the ester exchange reaction is completed in an equilibrium state by performing an ester exchange reaction at 40 to 80 ° C. A transesterified oil (A) can be obtained. The transesterification reaction can be carried out by either a continuous reaction using a column or a batch reaction. After the transesterification reaction, purification such as decolorization and deodorization can be performed as necessary.

ラウリン系油脂(A1)における全構成脂肪酸中のラウリン酸の割合、パーム系油脂(A2)における全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数16以上の脂肪酸含有量、エステル交換反応の終了は、ガスクロマトグラフ法により確認することができる。   The ratio of lauric acid in all constituent fatty acids in lauric fats and oils (A1), the content of fatty acids having 16 or more carbon atoms in all constituent fatty acids in palm oils and fats (A2), and completion of transesterification were confirmed by gas chromatography. can do.

(油脂(B))
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、特に、以上に説明したようなエステル交換油脂(A)と、構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が46であるトリグリセリドと構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が48であるトリグリセリドとの合計割合が1〜25質量%である油脂(B)とを含有することが好ましい。
(Oil and fat (B))
The fat and oil composition for layered foods according to the present invention includes a transesterified oil and fat (A) as described above, a triglyceride having a total fatty acid number of 46 and a triglyceride having a total carbon number of 48. It is preferable to contain the fats and oils (B) whose total ratio is 1-25 mass%.

これらの特定のエステル交換油脂(A)と油脂(B)とを混合し、層状食品用油脂組成物の前述のトリグリセリドの各組成を前述の本発明の範囲内に調整することにより、生地との伸展性が良好でサクさのある食感が得られ、層の形成状態が良くボリュームのある焼成品を得ることができ、かつ液状油の染みだしや層状食品用可塑性油脂の硬さ変化が少なく高温や経時に対する安定性にも優れている。構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が46であるトリグリセリドと構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が48であるトリグリセリドとの合計割合が1〜25質量%である油脂(B)を使用すると、エステル交換油脂(A)を用いて層状食品用油脂組成物の前述のトリグリセリドの各組成を前述の本発明の範囲内に調整することが容易であり、かつ、エステル交換油脂(A)との相溶性が良いため、前記したような各種の物性や食感が向上し、例えば、高温や経時による液状油の染みだしや長期保存時における層状食品用可塑性油脂の硬さ変化の少ない安定性に優れたものを得ることができる。   By mixing these specific transesterified fats and oils (A) and fats and oils (B), and adjusting each composition of the above-mentioned triglycerides of the oil-and-fat composition for layered food within the scope of the above-mentioned present invention, Excellent extensibility and a crisp texture can be obtained, a layered state can be obtained and a baked product with a large volume can be obtained, and there is little change in the hardness of plastic oils and fats for layered foods. Excellent stability against high temperatures and aging. When the fats and oils (B) in which the total ratio of the triglycerides having 46 total carbon atoms of the constituent fatty acids and the triglycerides having 48 total carbon atoms of the constituent fatty acids is 1 to 25% by mass is used, Since it is easy to adjust each composition of the above-mentioned triglyceride of the oil composition for layered foods within the scope of the present invention described above and has good compatibility with the transesterified oil (A), it has been described above. Various physical properties and textures such as these can be improved, and for example, liquid oil can be squeezed out at high temperatures or over time, and a layered food plastic oil can be obtained with excellent stability with little change in hardness during long-term storage. .

油脂(B)は、飽和脂肪酸(S)を2個、不飽和脂肪酸(U)を1個含む2飽和トリグリセリドのうち、対称型トリグリセリド(SUS)と非対称型トリグリセリド(SSU)との質量比(SUS/SSU)が0.1〜1.6であることが好ましい。この範囲内であると、エステル交換油脂(A)と混合して得られる層状食品用油脂組成物における、前述の対称型トリグリセリド(SUS)と非対称型トリグリセリド(SSU)との質量比(SUS/SSU)を0.3〜1.2に調整することができる。   Oil and fat (B) is a mass ratio (SUS) of symmetric triglyceride (SUS) and asymmetric triglyceride (SSU) among di-saturated triglycerides containing two saturated fatty acids (S) and one unsaturated fatty acid (U). / SSU) is preferably 0.1 to 1.6. Within this range, the mass ratio (SUS / SSU) of the symmetric triglyceride (SUS) and the asymmetric triglyceride (SSU) in the layered food fat composition obtained by mixing with the transesterified fat (A). ) Can be adjusted to 0.3 to 1.2.

油脂(B)としては、パーム系油脂、パーム分別軟質油のエステル交換油脂、ラード、乳脂、ヤシ油、パーム核油、これらの分別油、部分硬化油、菜種部分硬化油等が挙げられ、これらは1種単独で使用してもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中でも、パーム系油脂、パーム分別軟質油のエステル交換油脂、及びラードから選ばれる少なくとも1種の油脂を用いることが好ましい。   Examples of the fats and oils (B) include palm-based fats and oils, transesterified fats and oils of palm fractionated soft oil, lard, milk fat, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, fractionated oils thereof, partially hardened oil, rapeseed partially hardened oil, and the like. May be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is preferable to use at least one fat selected from palm-based fats and oils, transesterified fats and oils of palm fractionated soft oil, and lard.

パーム系油脂としては、パーム油、パーム分別油、これらの硬化油等が挙げられ、これらは1種単独で使用してもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。パーム分別油としては、硬質部(パームステアリン等)、軟質部(パームオレイン、パームダブルオレイン等)、中融点部等を用いることができる。   Examples of the palm oil and fat include palm oil, palm fractionated oil, and these hardened oils. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As palm fractionation oil, a hard part (palm stearin etc.), a soft part (palm olein, palm double olein etc.), a middle melting point part, etc. can be used.

パーム系油脂は、特に相溶性と口溶けの点から、ヨウ素価45〜65のパーム系油脂を使用することが好ましく、このようなパーム系油脂としては、パーム油、パーム分別軟質油(パームオレイン)、パーム分別中融点油等が挙げられる。   In particular, palm oils and fats are preferably palm oils and fats having an iodine value of 45 to 65 from the viewpoints of compatibility and melting in the mouth. Examples of such palm oils and fats include palm oil and palm fractionated soft oil (palm olein). , Palm fractionation middle melting point oil and the like.

その中でも、相溶性が特に良い点から、ヨウ素価45〜65のパーム系油脂と共に、パーム分別軟質油のエステル交換油脂を使用し、パーム分別軟質油のエステル交換油脂とパーム系油脂との比率を質量比で1:0.1〜5とすること、ヨウ素価45〜65のパーム系油脂と共に、ラードを使用し、ラードとパーム系油脂との比率を質量比で1:0.05〜5とすること、ヨウ素価45〜65のパーム系油脂と共に、パーム分別軟質油のエステル交換油脂及びラードを使用し、パーム分別軟質油のエステル交換油脂とラードとパーム系油脂との比率を質量比で1:0.1〜7:0.1〜12とすることが好ましい。各油脂の比率をこの範囲内にすると油脂(B)自体の相溶性も良好で、層状食品用油脂組成物全体としての相溶性も特に良好である。   Among them, from the point that compatibility is particularly good, together with palm-based fats and oils having an iodine value of 45 to 65, the transesterified fat of palm fractionated soft oil is used, and the ratio of the transesterified fat and palm-based fat and oil of palm fractionated soft oil Lard is used together with palm-based fats and oils having an iodine value of 45 to 65 at a mass ratio of 1: 0.1 to 5, and the ratio of lard to palm-based fats and oils is 1: 0.05 to 5 at a mass ratio. It is possible to use a transesterified oil and lard of a palm fraction soft oil together with a palm oil and fat having an iodine value of 45 to 65, and the ratio of the transesterified fat and lard of the palm fraction soft oil to lard and the palm oil and fat is 1 by mass ratio. : 0.1 to 7: 0.1 to 12 is preferable. When the ratio of each fat / oil is within this range, the fat / oil (B) itself has good compatibility, and the compatibility of the entire layered food / fat composition is particularly good.

本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、油脂全量に対してエステル交換油脂(A)の添加量が5〜65質量%、油脂(B)の添加量が35〜95質量%であることが好ましい。   In the layered food fat composition of the present invention, the amount of the transesterified fat (A) added is preferably 5 to 65% by mass and the amount of the fat (B) added is 35 to 95% by mass with respect to the total amount of the fat. .

(液状油(C)及び極度硬化油(D))
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、エステル交換油脂(A)を必須成分として、液状油(C)を混合して得ることもできる。液状油(C)は、エステル交換油脂(A)及び油脂(B)と共に使用することで、層状食品用油脂組成物の前述のトリグリセリドの各組成を前述の本発明の範囲内に調整することができる。また、エステル交換油脂(A)を使用することで、液状油(C)に由来する2不飽和トリグリセリド、3不飽和トリグリセリド等の低融点トリグリセリドを含む液状油が、高温や経時によって染みだすことを抑制することができる。 液状油(C)は、5℃で流動状を呈する油脂であり、菜種油、大豆油、コーン油、米油、綿実油、ひまわり油、ゴマ油、オリーブ油等が挙げられ、これらは1種単独で使用してもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。
(Liquid oil (C) and extremely hardened oil (D))
The layered food fat composition of the present invention can also be obtained by mixing the liquid oil (C) with the transesterified fat (A) as an essential component. By using liquid oil (C) together with transesterified fats and oils (A) and fats and oils (B), each composition of the aforementioned triglycerides of the layered food fat composition can be adjusted within the scope of the present invention described above. it can. In addition, by using the transesterified oil (A), liquid oil containing low melting point triglycerides such as diunsaturated triglycerides and triunsaturated triglycerides derived from the liquid oil (C) oozes out at high temperatures and over time. Can be suppressed. Liquid oil (C) is an oil and fat that exhibits a fluid state at 5 ° C., and includes rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, rice oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, olive oil, and the like. Or two or more of them may be used in combination.

液状油(C)の添加量は、油脂全量に対して5〜40質量%が好ましい。   As for the addition amount of liquid oil (C), 5-40 mass% is preferable with respect to fats and oils whole quantity.

本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、エステル交換油脂(A)を必須成分として、植物油脂の極度硬化油(D)を混合して得ることもできる。植物油脂の極度硬化油(D)は、エステル交換油脂(A)及び油脂(B)等と共に使用することで、油脂組成物の前述のトリグリセリドの各組成を前述の本発明の範囲内に調整することができる。   The fat and oil composition for layered foods of the present invention can also be obtained by mixing an extremely hardened oil (D) of vegetable oil and fat with the transesterified oil and fat (A) as an essential component. By using the extremely hardened oil (D) of the vegetable oil together with the transesterified oil (A), the oil (B), etc., each composition of the aforementioned triglyceride of the oil composition is adjusted within the scope of the present invention. be able to.

極度硬化油(D)としては、パーム極度硬化油、パーム核極度硬化油、ヤシ極度硬化油、菜種極度硬化油等が挙げられ、これらは1種単独で使用してもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。   Examples of the extremely hardened oil (D) include palm extremely hardened oil, palm kernel extremely hardened oil, palm extremely hardened oil, rapeseed extremely hardened oil, etc., and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. May be.

極度硬化油(D)の添加量は、油脂全量に対して30質量%以下が好ましい。特に融点が50℃以上の極度硬化油を用いる場合は、油脂全量に対し、5質量%以下であると口溶けが良好となることから好ましい。また液状油(C)と併用する場合には、層状食品用油脂組成物全量に対して液状油(C)及び極度硬化油(D)の合計で50質量%以下が好ましい。   The addition amount of the extremely hardened oil (D) is preferably 30% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of fats and oils. In particular, when an extremely hardened oil having a melting point of 50 ° C. or higher is used, it is preferably 5% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of fats and oils because melting in the mouth becomes good. Moreover, when using together with liquid oil (C), 50 mass% or less is preferable in total of liquid oil (C) and extremely hardened oil (D) with respect to the fat-and-oil composition for layered foods.

以上において、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物に使用される油脂の分別、硬化反応、エステル交換反応は、次のような方法によって行うことができる。   In the above, the oil used in the layered food fat composition of the present invention can be fractionated, cured, and transesterified by the following method.

油脂の分別は、乾式分別、溶剤分別、又は界面活性剤(乳化)分別によって行うことができ、これらを1種単独であるいは2種以上を組み合わせて行うことができる。   Oils and fats can be fractionated by dry fractionation, solvent fractionation, or surfactant (emulsification) fractionation, and these can be performed singly or in combination of two or more.

乾式分別では、高融点と低融点のトリグリセリドの融点差を利用して、完全に溶解した油脂を徐々に冷却し、生成した結晶部分と液体部分とをろ別して分離し得ることができる。また乾式分別では、温度を段階的に低下させる一段分別、二段分別、又は多段分別により分別油を得ることができる。   In the dry fractionation, the dissolved fats and oils can be gradually cooled using the difference between the melting points of the high melting point and the low melting point triglyceride, and the produced crystal part and liquid part can be separated by filtration. In dry fractionation, fractionated oil can be obtained by one-stage fractionation, two-stage fractionation, or multistage fractionation in which the temperature is lowered stepwise.

溶剤分別では、アセトンやヘキサンなどの溶剤に対する溶解度差を利用して、油脂を溶剤に溶解し、冷却することで、溶剤に対して溶解度の低い高融点部、次いで中融点部の順に結晶を析出させる。結晶を十分成長させた後、結晶部分と液油部分とに分離し、溶媒を留去して、液油部分を分別油として得ることができる。   Solvent fractionation uses the difference in solubility in solvents such as acetone and hexane to dissolve fats and oils in the solvent and cools, so that crystals are precipitated in the order of the high melting point part, which has low solubility in the solvent, and then the middle melting point part. Let After the crystal is sufficiently grown, it is separated into a crystal part and a liquid oil part, and the solvent is distilled off to obtain the liquid oil part as a fractionated oil.

界面活性剤(乳化)分別では、油脂を溶解し、冷却して結晶化後、界面活性剤(乳化剤)の水溶液を添加して結晶部分に混在している液体部を大きな液滴とし、液状油、固体脂と水溶液の懸濁液、過剰の水溶液の三層に分離し分別油を得ることができる。   In surfactant (emulsification) fractionation, oil and fat are dissolved, cooled and crystallized, and then an aqueous solution of surfactant (emulsifier) is added to make the liquid part mixed in the crystal part into large droplets. It can be separated into three layers of a solid fat and aqueous solution suspension and an excess aqueous solution to obtain a fractionated oil.

油脂の硬化反応は、常法にしたがって、ニッケル触媒等の触媒を用いて油脂に水素添加し、加温、攪拌しながら反応を進め、トリグリセリドを構成する不飽和脂肪酸の二重結合部分に水素を結合させ飽和化することによって行うことができる。この際、圧力、温度、時間、触媒を制御することにより、求める硬さの油脂を得ることができる。   The fat and oil curing reaction is carried out by adding hydrogen to the fat and oil using a catalyst such as a nickel catalyst in accordance with a conventional method, proceeding the reaction while heating and stirring, and adding hydrogen to the double bond portion of the unsaturated fatty acid constituting the triglyceride. This can be done by combining and saturating. At this time, fats and oils having the required hardness can be obtained by controlling the pressure, temperature, time, and catalyst.

油脂のエステル交換反応は、1分子のグリセロールに3分子の脂肪酸が結合したトリグリセリドのグリセロールに結合している脂肪酸の位置や脂肪酸の種類を組みかえる操作であり、常法にしたがって、ナトリウムメチラート等の化学触媒を用いて行われる化学的エステル交換反応や、リパーゼ等を触媒として用いた酵素的エステル交換反応等によって行うことができる。   The transesterification of fats and oils is an operation to change the position of the fatty acid bound to glycerol of triglyceride in which three molecules of fatty acid are bound to one molecule of glycerol and the type of fatty acid. It can be carried out by a chemical transesterification reaction carried out using the above chemical catalyst, an enzymatic transesterification reaction using lipase or the like as a catalyst, and the like.

(ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル)
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、好ましい態様において、更にパーム油の固化開始温度を1.0℃以上上昇させるソルビタン脂肪酸エステル及びパーム油の固化開始温度を1.0℃以上上昇させるポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する。
(Sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester)
In a preferred embodiment, the layered food fat composition of the present invention is a sorbitan fatty acid ester that further increases the solidification start temperature of palm oil by 1.0 ° C. or more, and polyglycerin that increases the solidification start temperature of palm oil by 1.0 ° C. or more. Contains at least one selected from fatty acid esters.

これらのソルビタン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、パーム油の固化開始温度を1.0℃以上、好ましくは1.5℃以上、より好ましくは2.0〜4.0℃上昇させる。   These sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyglycerol fatty acid esters increase the solidification start temperature of palm oil by 1.0 ° C. or higher, preferably 1.5 ° C. or higher, more preferably 2.0 to 4.0 ° C.

このようなソルビタン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルから選ばれる少なくとも1種を用いることで、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を用いた焼成品の焼成後における徐冷条件において、油脂の結晶化が促進され、かつ均質に微細化した結晶が多く存在する結晶状態になる。そのため、サクさのある食感が向上する。   By using at least one selected from such sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyglycerin fatty acid esters, crystallization of fats and oils can be achieved under slow cooling conditions after firing of the fired product using the layered food fat composition of the present invention. It becomes a crystal state in which many crystals that are promoted and uniformly refined exist. Therefore, the crispy texture is improved.

上記パーム油の固化開始温度は、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)により測定した値である。固化開始温度の測定には、示差走査熱量計(型番:DSC Q1000、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント・ジャパン(株)製)を用いることができる。より詳細には、パーム油100質量部にソルビタン脂肪酸エステル又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル0.5質量部を添加し、80℃から毎分10℃の速度で冷却し、固化開始温度を測定することができる。   The solidification start temperature of the palm oil is a value measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For the measurement of the solidification start temperature, a differential scanning calorimeter (model number: DSC Q1000, manufactured by TA Instruments Japan Co., Ltd.) can be used. More specifically, sorbitan fatty acid ester or 0.5 part by mass of polyglycerin fatty acid ester is added to 100 parts by mass of palm oil, cooled at a rate of 10 ° C per minute from 80 ° C, and the solidification start temperature can be measured. .

上記ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルは、全構成脂肪酸中の好ましくは80質量%以上、より好ましくは90質量%以上がパルミチン酸とステアリン酸である。また、パルミチン酸とステアリン酸の質量比は、好ましくは0.3:1.0〜1.0:1.0であり、より好ましくは0.5:1.0〜0.8:1.0である。パルミチン酸とステアリン酸の質量比がこの範囲程度であれば、パーム油の固化開始温度を1.0℃以上上昇させることができる。   The sorbitan fatty acid ester is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, of palmitic acid and stearic acid in the total constituent fatty acids. The mass ratio of palmitic acid and stearic acid is preferably 0.3: 1.0 to 1.0: 1.0, more preferably 0.5: 1.0 to 0.8: 1.0. It is. If the mass ratio of palmitic acid and stearic acid is in this range, the solidification start temperature of palm oil can be increased by 1.0 ° C. or more.

ここでパルミチン酸とステアリン酸の質量比は、ガスクロマトグラフ法(基準油脂分析試験法(社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.4.2.2−2013 脂肪酸組成(FID昇温ガスクロマトグラフ法)」)により測定することができる。   Here, the mass ratio of palmitic acid and stearic acid was determined according to the gas chromatographic method (standard oil analysis test method (Japan Oil Chemists' Society) “2.4.2.2-2013 fatty acid composition (FID temperature rising gas chromatographic method)). )).

上記ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルは、HLB値が好ましくは3.5〜5.5であり、より好ましくは4.0〜5.5である。HLB値がこの範囲であると、パーム油の固化開始温度を上昇させるのに適している。   The sorbitan fatty acid ester preferably has an HLB value of 3.5 to 5.5, more preferably 4.0 to 5.5. When the HLB value is within this range, it is suitable for increasing the solidification start temperature of palm oil.

ここでHLB値は、Griffin式(Atlas社法)により求めることができる。   Here, the HLB value can be obtained by the Griffin equation (Atlas method).

本発明においては、上記ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルとして、市販のものを用いることができる。例えば、理研ビタミン(株)製のS−320YN、ポエムS−60V、及びソルマンS−300V等が挙げられる。   In the present invention, a commercially available product can be used as the sorbitan fatty acid ester. Examples thereof include S-320YN, Poem S-60V, and Solman S-300V manufactured by Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd.

上記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、HLB値が好ましくは1〜7であり、より好ましくは1〜6である。HLB値がこの範囲であると、パーム油の固化開始温度を上昇させるのに適している。   The polyglycerin fatty acid ester preferably has an HLB value of 1 to 7, more preferably 1 to 6. When the HLB value is within this range, it is suitable for increasing the solidification start temperature of palm oil.

本発明においては、上記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとして、市販のものを用いることができる。例えば、阪本薬品工業(株)製のSYグリスターPS−3S、SYグリスターPS−5S、SYグリスターTHL−50、SYグリスターHB―750、SYグリスターDDB−750、三菱化学フーズ株式会社製のリョートーポリグリエステルB−70D等が挙げられる。   In the present invention, a commercially available polyglycerin fatty acid ester can be used. For example, SY glister PS-3S, SY glister PS-5S, SY glister THL-50, SY glister HB-750, SY glister DDB-750, manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Ester B-70D etc. are mentioned.

上記ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの含有量は、油脂全量に対して、好ましくは0.05〜6.0質量%であり、より好ましくは0.1〜5.0質量%であり、更に好ましくは0.2〜4.0質量%である。上記ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルと上記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを併用する場合には、これらの合計量としてこの範囲内であることが好ましい。この含有量がこの範囲内にあれば、サクさのある食感が向上し、かつ、乳化剤による雑味を感じることなく風味の良好な層状食品を得ることができる。   The content of the sorbitan fatty acid ester or polyglycerin fatty acid ester is preferably 0.05 to 6.0% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by mass, and more preferably 0.1% to 5.0% by mass with respect to the total amount of oil and fat. Preferably it is 0.2-4.0 mass%. When the sorbitan fatty acid ester and the polyglycerin fatty acid ester are used in combination, the total amount thereof is preferably within this range. If this content is in this range, a crispy texture can be improved, and a layered food having a good flavor can be obtained without feeling the miscellaneous taste of the emulsifier.

2.層状食品用可塑性油脂
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、油相中に本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を含有する層状食品用可塑性油脂を調製し、これを原材料とする生地を用いて焼成品を得ることができる。
2. The layered food oil and fat composition of the present invention is a layered food oil and fat composition comprising the layered food oil and fat composition of the present invention in the oil phase, and using a dough made from this raw material. A fired product can be obtained.

この層状食品用可塑性油脂は、油相中に本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を含有するものである。   This layered food-use plastic fat contains the layered food-use fat composition of the present invention in the oil phase.

層状食品用可塑性油脂における本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物の含有量としては、好ましくは50〜100質量%、より好ましくは70〜100質量%である。   The content of the layered food fat composition of the present invention in the layered food plastic fat is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70 to 100% by mass.

この層状食品用可塑性油脂は、水相を実質的に含有しない形態と、水相を含有する形態をとることができる。水相を含有する形態としては油中水型、油中水中油型が挙げられ、油相の含有量は、好ましくは60〜99.4質量%、より好ましくは65〜98質量%であり、水相の含有量は、好ましくは0.6〜40質量%、より好ましくは2〜35質量%である。水相を含有する形態としては油中水型が好ましく、マーガリンが挙げられる。   This layered food grade plastic fat can take the form which does not contain an aqueous phase substantially, and the form which contains an aqueous phase. Examples of the form containing the water phase include a water-in-oil type and an oil-in-water type, and the content of the oil phase is preferably 60 to 99.4% by mass, more preferably 65 to 98% by mass, The content of the aqueous phase is preferably 0.6 to 40% by mass, more preferably 2 to 35% by mass. As a form containing an aqueous phase, a water-in-oil type is preferable, and margarine is mentioned.

また水相を実質的に含有しない形態としてはショートニングが挙げられる。ここで「実質的に含有しない」とは日本農林規格のショートニングに該当する、水分(揮発分を含む。)の含有量が0.5質量%以下のことである。   Moreover, shortening is mentioned as a form which does not contain an aqueous phase substantially. Here, “substantially does not contain” means that the content of moisture (including volatile matter) is 0.5% by mass or less, corresponding to the shortening of the Japanese Agricultural Standard.

この層状食品用可塑性油脂には、水以外に、従来の公知の成分を含んでもよく、含まなくてもよい。公知の成分としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、乳、乳製品、蛋白質、糖質、塩類、酸味料、pH調整剤、抗酸化剤、香辛料、着色成分、香料、乳化剤等が挙げられる。乳としては、牛乳等が挙げられる。乳製品としては、脱脂乳、クリーム、チーズ(ナチュラルチーズ、プロセスチーズ等)、発酵乳、濃縮乳、脱脂濃縮乳、無糖れん乳、加糖れん乳、無糖脱脂れん乳、加糖脱脂れん乳、全粉乳、脱脂粉乳、クリームパウダー、ホエイパウダー、蛋白濃縮ホエイパウダー、ホエイ蛋白コンセントレート(WPC)、ホエイ蛋白アイソレート(WPI)、バターミルクパウダー、トータルミルクプロテイン、カゼインナトリウム、カゼインカリウム等が挙げられる。蛋白質としては、大豆蛋白、エンドウ豆蛋白、小麦蛋白等の植物蛋白等が挙げられる。糖質としては、単糖(グルコース、フルクトース、ガラクトース、マンノース等)、二糖類(ラクトース、スクロース、マルトース、トレハロース等)、オリゴ糖、糖アルコール、デンプン、デンプン分解物、多糖類等が挙げられる、抗酸化剤としては、L−アスコルビン酸、L−アスコルビン酸誘導体、トコフェロール、トコトリエノール、リグナン、ユビキノン類、キサンチン類、オリザノール、植物ステロール、カテキン類、ポリフェノール類、茶抽出物等が挙げられる。香辛料としては、カプサイシン、アネトール、オイゲノール、シネオール、ジンゲロン等が挙げられる。着色成分としては、カロテン、アナトー、アスタキサンチン等が挙げられる。香料としては、バターフレーバー、ミルクフレーバー等が挙げられる。乳化剤としては、前述したソルビタン脂肪酸エステルやポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの他、レシチン、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、有機酸グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレイン酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ステアロイル乳酸カルシウム、ステアロイル乳酸ナトリウム、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル等が挙げられ、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲において添加することができる。   This layered food-use plastic fat or oil may or may not contain conventionally known components in addition to water. Although it does not specifically limit as a well-known component, For example, milk, dairy products, protein, saccharides, salts, a sour agent, a pH adjuster, an antioxidant, a spice, a coloring component, a fragrance | flavor, an emulsifier etc. are mentioned. Examples of milk include milk. Dairy products include skim milk, cream, cheese (natural cheese, processed cheese, etc.), fermented milk, concentrated milk, skim concentrated milk, sugar-free milk, sweetened milk, sugar-free skimmed milk, sweetened skimmed milk, Whole milk powder, skim milk powder, cream powder, whey powder, protein concentrated whey powder, whey protein concentrate (WPC), whey protein isolate (WPI), buttermilk powder, total milk protein, casein sodium, casein potassium, etc. . Examples of the protein include plant proteins such as soybean protein, pea protein, and wheat protein. Examples of carbohydrates include monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, etc.), disaccharides (lactose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, etc.), oligosaccharides, sugar alcohols, starches, starch degradation products, polysaccharides, etc. Examples of the antioxidant include L-ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid derivatives, tocopherol, tocotrienol, lignan, ubiquinones, xanthines, oryzanol, plant sterols, catechins, polyphenols, tea extracts and the like. Examples of spices include capsaicin, anethole, eugenol, cineol, gingerone and the like. Examples of the coloring component include carotene, anato, astaxanthin and the like. Examples of the fragrances include butter flavor and milk flavor. As the emulsifier, in addition to the aforementioned sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester, lecithin, glycerin fatty acid ester, organic acid glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyglycerin condensed ricinoleic acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, stearoyl calcium lactate, Examples include sodium stearoyl lactate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester and the like, and they can be added within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.

この層状食品用可塑性油脂は、公知の方法により製造することができる。例えば水相を含有する形態のものは、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を含む油相と水相とを、適宜に加熱し混合して乳化した後、コンビネーター、パーフェクター、ボテーター、ネクサス等の冷却混合機により急冷捏和し得ることができる。水相を含有しない形態のものは、本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を含む油相を加熱した後、コンビネーター、パーフェクター、ボテーター、ネクサス等の冷却混合機により急冷捏和し得ることができる。冷却混合機により急冷捏和後には、必要に応じて熟成(テンパリング)してもよい。   This layered food grade plastic fat can be produced by a known method. For example, in a form containing an aqueous phase, an oil phase containing the layered food fat composition of the present invention and an aqueous phase are appropriately heated, mixed, emulsified, and then combined with a combinator, perfector, botter, nexus. It can be quenched and kneaded with a cooling mixer such as the above. In a form not containing an aqueous phase, after heating the oil phase containing the layered food fat composition of the present invention, it can be rapidly cooled and kneaded by a cooling mixer such as a combinator, perfector, bottor, or nexus. it can. After quenching with a cooling mixer, aging (tempering) may be performed as necessary.

この層状食品用可塑性油脂は、シート状、ブロック状、円柱状、直方体状、ペンシル状等の様々な形状とすることができる。その中でも、加工が容易である点等から、シート状とすることが好ましい。層状食品用可塑性油脂をシート状とした場合のサイズは、特に限定されないが、例えば、幅50〜1000mm、長さ50〜1000mm、厚さ1〜50mmとすることができる。   This layered food-use plastic fat can be made into various shapes such as a sheet shape, a block shape, a columnar shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a pencil shape. Among them, a sheet shape is preferable from the viewpoint of easy processing. Although the size at the time of making the layered food-grade plastic fat into a sheet is not particularly limited, for example, the width may be 50 to 1000 mm, the length 50 to 1000 mm, and the thickness 1 to 50 mm.

3.生地及び焼成品
本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物は、層状食品用可塑性油脂としてパンや菓子等の焼成品の生地に折り込んで使用することができる。例えば、生地の間に本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を用いたシート状の層状食品用可塑性油脂を挟み込み、その後、伸展と折り畳みを繰り返すことによって生地中に層状食品用可塑性油脂を層状に折り込んで、生地と層状食品用可塑性油脂の薄い層を何層にも作り上げる。そして、この本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物を含有する生地を焼成することによってデニッシュ、クロワッサン、パイ等の焼成品が得られる。生地への本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物の折り込みや、焼成は、例えば公知の条件及び方法に従って行うことができる。
3. Dough and baked product The layered food fat composition of the present invention can be used by being folded into a baked product dough such as bread or confectionery as a layered food plastic fat. For example, the sheet-like layered food-use plastic fat / oil using the layered food-use oil / fat composition of the present invention is sandwiched between the dough, and then the layered food-use plastic fat / oil is folded into the dough by repeating extension and folding. And make up thin layers of dough and layered food plastic fat. And baking products, such as a Danish, a croissant, and a pie, are obtained by baking the dough containing this oil composition for layered foods of this invention. The folding or baking of the layered food fat composition of the present invention into the dough can be performed, for example, according to known conditions and methods.

生地は穀粉を主成分とし、穀粉としては、通常、焼成品の生地に配合されるものであれば、特に限定されないが、例えば、小麦粉(強力粉、中力粉、薄力粉等)、大麦粉、米粉、とうもろこし粉、ライ麦粉、そば粉、大豆粉等が挙げられる。   The dough is mainly composed of flour, and the flour is not particularly limited as long as it is usually blended into the baked product dough. For example, wheat flour (strong flour, medium flour, thin flour, etc.), barley flour, rice flour Corn flour, rye flour, buckwheat flour, soybean flour and the like.

生地における本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物の配合量は、焼成品の種類によっても異なり特に限定されないが、生地に配合される穀粉100質量部に対して、層状食品用可塑性油脂量として好ましくは20〜120質量部であり、より好ましくは20〜100質量部である。   The amount of the oil composition for layered foods of the present invention in the dough varies depending on the type of baked product and is not particularly limited, but is preferably the amount of plastic fat for layered foods relative to 100 parts by mass of flour blended in the dough. It is 20-120 mass parts, More preferably, it is 20-100 mass parts.

生地には、穀粉と本発明の層状食品用油脂組成物以外にも、通常、焼成品の生地に配合されるものであれば、特に制限なく配合することができる。また、これらの配合量も、通常、焼成品の生地に配合される範囲を考慮して特に制限なく配合することができる。具体的には、例えば、水や、前記したような乳、乳製品、蛋白質、糖質の他、卵、卵加工品、澱粉、塩類、乳化剤、乳化起泡剤(乳化油脂)、可塑性油脂、イースト、イーストフード、カカオマス、ココアパウダー、チョコレート、コーヒー、紅茶、抹茶、野菜類、果物類、果実、果汁、ジャム、フルーツソース、肉類、魚介類、豆類、きな粉、豆腐、豆乳、大豆蛋白、膨張剤、甘味料、調味料、香辛料、着色料、香料等が挙げられる。   In addition to the flour and the oil composition for layered foods of the present invention, the dough can be blended without particular limitation as long as it is usually blended with the dough of the baked product. These blending amounts can also be blended without any particular limitation, usually considering the range blended in the baked product dough. Specifically, for example, water, milk, dairy products, proteins and sugars as described above, eggs, egg products, starches, salts, emulsifiers, emulsifying foaming agents (emulsified fats and oils), plastic fats and oils, Yeast, yeast food, cacao mass, cocoa powder, chocolate, coffee, tea, matcha, vegetables, fruits, fruit, fruit juice, jam, fruit sauce, meat, seafood, legumes, kinakome, tofu, soymilk, soy protein, swelling Examples include agents, sweeteners, seasonings, spices, coloring agents, and fragrances.

焼成品としては、例えば、イースト等を使用して生地を発酵させるデニッシュやクロワッサン、パイなどのペストリー等が挙げられる。   Examples of the baked product include pastries such as Danish, croissant, and pie that ferment the dough using yeast or the like.

以下に、実施例により本発明を更に詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に何ら限定されるものではない。
(1)測定方法
(油脂組成物)
2飽和トリグリセリドと3飽和トリグリセリドとの合計割合、3飽和トリグリセリドの含有量、2飽和トリグリセリド及び3飽和トリグリセリドの合計量と3飽和トリグリセリドとの質量比、2飽和トリグリセリドと3飽和トリグリセリドとの質量比は、ガスクロマトグラフ法(基準油脂分析試験法(社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.4.2.2−1996 脂肪酸組成(FID昇温ガスクロマトグラフ法)」と「暫7-2003 2位脂肪酸組成」)で測定し、それぞれ脂肪酸量を用いて計算にて求めた。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
(1) Measuring method (oil composition)
The total ratio of 2 saturated triglycerides and 3 saturated triglycerides, the content of 3 saturated triglycerides, the mass ratio of 2 saturated triglycerides and 3 saturated triglycerides and 3 saturated triglycerides, and the mass ratio of 2 saturated and 3 saturated triglycerides is , "2.4.2.2-1996 Fatty acid composition (FID temperature rising gas chromatographic method)" and "Temporary 7-2003 2-position fatty acid composition" of gas chromatographic method (standard oil and fat analysis test method (Japan Oil Chemists' Society)) )) And obtained by calculation using the amount of fatty acid.

対称型トリグリセリド(SUS)と非対称型トリグリセリド(SSU)との質量比(SUS/SSU)は、ガスクロマトグラフ法(基準油脂分析試験法(社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.4.2.2−1996 脂肪酸組成(FID昇温ガスクロマトグラフ法)」と「暫7-2003 2位脂肪酸組成」)により求めたSUS型トリグリセリドとSSU型トリグリセリドの質量より算出した。   The mass ratio (SUS / SSU) of symmetric type triglyceride (SUS) and asymmetric type triglyceride (SSU) was determined by “2.4.2.2” of gas chromatographic method (standard oil analysis test method (Japan Oil Chemistry Society)). -1996 fatty acid composition (FID temperature rising gas chromatograph method) "and" temporary 7-2003 2-position fatty acid composition ") were calculated from the masses of SUS triglyceride and SSU triglyceride.

構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が40〜48であるトリグリセリド含有量は、ガスクロマトグラフ法(基準油脂分析試験法(社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.4.6.1−1996 トリアシルグリセリン組成(ガスクロマトグラフ法)」)により測定した。   The triglyceride content in which the total number of carbon atoms of the constituent fatty acids is 40 to 48 is determined according to “2.4.6.1-1996 triacylglycerol composition according to gas chromatographic method (standard oil analysis test method (Japan Oil Chemical Society)) ( Gas chromatograph method))).

表6〜表8に示す1,3−ジパルミトイル−2−オレオイルグリセリン(POP)と1,2−ジパルミトイル−3−オレオイルグリセリン(PPO)との質量比(POP/PPO)は、上記と同様の方法で測定した。   The mass ratio (POP / PPO) of 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoylglycerin (POP) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-oleoylglycerin (PPO) shown in Tables 6 to 8 is as described above. It was measured by the same method.

トランス酸量はガスクロマトグラフ法(基準油脂分析試験法(社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.4.2.2−1996 脂肪酸組成(FID昇温ガスクロマトグラフ法)」)で測定した。
(エステル交換油脂(A))
ヨウ素価は基準油脂分析試験法(社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.3.4.1−1996 ヨウ素価(ウィイス−シクロヘキサン法)」で測定した。
The amount of trans acid was measured by a gas chromatographic method (“2.4.2.2-1996 fatty acid composition (FID temperature rising gas chromatographic method)” of reference oil analysis method (Japan Oil Chemists' Society)).
(Transesterified oil (A))
The iodine value was measured by “2.3.4.1-1996 Iodine value (Wyeth-cyclohexane method)” of the standard oil analysis method (Japan Oil Chemists' Society).

全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数14〜16の飽和脂肪酸の割合、炭素数16〜18の飽和脂肪酸の割合、炭素数18の不飽和脂肪酸の割合、全構成脂肪酸中のラウリン酸のステアリン酸に対する比率(ラウリン酸量/ステアリン酸量)は、ガスクロマトグラフ法(基準油脂分析試験法(社団法人日本油化学会)の「2.4.2.2−1996 脂肪酸組成(FID昇温ガスクロマトグラフ法)」)で測定した。   Ratio of saturated fatty acid having 14 to 16 carbon atoms, ratio of saturated fatty acid having 16 to 18 carbon atoms, ratio of unsaturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms, ratio of lauric acid to stearic acid in all constituent fatty acids ( The amount of lauric acid / the amount of stearic acid) is determined by gas chromatography (“2.4.2.2-1996 Fatty acid composition (FID temperature rising gas chromatographic method)” of reference oil analysis test method (Japan Oil Chemistry Society))). Measured with

構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が40〜46であるトリグリセリド含有量は、前記の油脂組成物における構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が40〜48であるトリグリセリド含有量と同様の方法で測定した。   The triglyceride content in which the total carbon number of the constituent fatty acid is 40 to 46 was measured by the same method as the triglyceride content in which the total carbon number of the constituent fatty acid in the oil and fat composition was 40 to 48.

(油脂(B))
ヨウ素価は前記のエステル交換油脂(A)における測定方法と同様の方法で測定した。
(Oil and fat (B))
The iodine value was measured by the same method as that for the transesterified oil (A).

構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が46であるトリグリセリドと構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が48であるトリグリセリドとの合計割合は、前記の油脂組成物における構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が40〜48であるトリグリセリド含有量と同様の方法で測定した。   The total proportion of the triglyceride having 46 total fatty acids and the triglyceride having 48 total fatty acids is the triglyceride content having 40 to 48 total fatty acids in the oil composition. It was measured by the same method.

(2)油脂組成物の調製
(エステル交換油脂1〜7)
エステル交換油脂1〜5、7は次の方法で調製した。表1に示す割合でラウリン系油脂(A1)とパーム系油脂(A2)とを混合して110℃に加熱し、十分に脱水させた後、化学触媒としてナトリウムメチラートを油脂量の0.08質量%添加し、減圧下、100℃で0.5時間攪拌しながらエステル交換反応を行った。エステル交換反応後、水洗して触媒を除去し、活性白土を用いて脱色し、更に脱臭を行ってエステル交換油脂を得た。
(2) Preparation of oil / fat composition (transesterified oil / fat 1-7)
Transesterified oils 1 to 5 and 7 were prepared by the following method. After mixing lauric fat (A1) and palm fat (A2) in the proportions shown in Table 1 and heating to 110 ° C. and sufficiently dehydrating, sodium methylate as a chemical catalyst is 0.08 of the fat amount. The transesterification reaction was carried out with stirring at 100 ° C. for 0.5 hour under reduced pressure. After the transesterification reaction, the catalyst was removed by washing with water, decolorized using activated clay, and further deodorized to obtain a transesterified oil and fat.

エステル交換油脂6は、エステル交換油脂1〜5、7の製法に準じて調製した。なお、エステル交換油脂6は、表1の質量比で混合してエステル交換反応を行い、水洗、脱水した後、水素添加を行い、その後精製してエステル交換油脂を得た。   The transesterified fat / oil 6 was prepared according to the production methods of the transesterified fat / oil 1-5 and 7. The transesterified fat / oil 6 was mixed at a mass ratio shown in Table 1 to perform a transesterification reaction, washed with water, dehydrated, hydrogenated, and then purified to obtain a transesterified fat / oil.

エステル交換反応に用いたラウリン系油脂(A1)、パーム系油脂(A2)を以下に示す。
ラウリン系油脂(A1)
パーム核極度硬化油:ラウリン酸含有量45.7質量%(ヨウ素価2)
パーム核オレイン:ラウリン酸含有量39.0質量%(ヨウ素価24)
パーム系油脂(A2)
パーム油:C16以上の脂肪酸含有量97.9質量%(ヨウ素価53)
パーム極度硬化油:C16以上の脂肪酸含有量97.9質量%(ヨウ素価2)
パーム硬質油:C16以上の脂肪酸含有量98.8質量%(ヨウ素価32)
The lauric fats and oils (A1) and palm fats and oils (A2) used for the transesterification reaction are shown below.
Laurin oil (A1)
Palm kernel extremely hardened oil: lauric acid content 45.7% by mass (iodine value 2)
Palm kernel olein: Lauric acid content 39.0% by mass (iodine value 24)
Palm oil (A2)
Palm oil: fatty acid content of C16 or higher 97.9% by mass (iodine value 53)
Palm extremely hardened oil: C7.9 or higher fatty acid content 97.9% by mass (iodine value 2)
Palm hard oil: C8.8 or higher fatty acid content 98.8% by mass (iodine value 32)

得られたエステル交換油脂1〜7の分析結果を表1に示す。   The analysis results of the obtained transesterified fats and oils 1 to 7 are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2015142570
(*1はエステル交換反応後に水素添加し硬化した後の値である。)
Figure 2015142570
(* 1 is the value after hydrogenation and curing after transesterification.)

(ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル1、2及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル1、2)
層状食品用油脂組成物に添加したソルビタン脂肪酸エステル1、2及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル1、2の詳細は、表2に示すとおりである。
(Sorbitan fatty acid esters 1, 2 and polyglycerol fatty acid esters 1, 2)
The details of sorbitan fatty acid esters 1 and 2 and polyglycerol fatty acid esters 1 and 2 added to the layered food fat composition are as shown in Table 2.

ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度(℃)の上昇値は、以下のようにして測定した。まず、パーム油(ヨウ素価53)100質量部にソルビタン脂肪酸エステル又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル0.5質量部を添加し、それを測定用のアルミニウムパンに3.5mg量り、更にサンプルを何も入れない空パン(リファレンス)を用いて、示差走査熱量計(型番:DSC Q1000、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント・ジャパン(株)製)で以下の条件で固化開始温度を測定した。   The increase value of the solidification start temperature (° C.) of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester or polyglycerol fatty acid ester was added was measured as follows. First, 0.5 part by mass of sorbitan fatty acid ester or polyglycerin fatty acid ester is added to 100 parts by mass of palm oil (iodine value 53), and 3.5 mg is measured in an aluminum pan for measurement, and no sample is added. Using an empty pan (reference), the solidification start temperature was measured under the following conditions with a differential scanning calorimeter (model number: DSC Q1000, manufactured by TA Instruments Japan Co., Ltd.).

次に、同様にして、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加していないパーム油の固化開始温度を測定した。   Next, the solidification start temperature of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester polyglycerin fatty acid ester was not added was measured in the same manner.

ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル又はポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度とソルビタン脂肪酸エステル及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加していないパーム油の固化開始温度の差を、パーム油の固化開始温度(℃)の上昇値とした。
固化開始温度(℃)の上昇値=(ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度)−(ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルを添加していないパーム油の固化開始温度)
固化開始温度(℃)の上昇値=(ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加したパーム油の固化開始温度)−(ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを添加していないパーム油の固化開始温度)
The difference between the solidification start temperature of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester or polyglycerin fatty acid ester is added and the solidification start temperature of palm oil to which sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester are not added is the solidification start temperature of palm oil (° C.) The increase value of
Increase value of solidification start temperature (° C.) = (Solidification start temperature of palm oil added with sorbitan fatty acid ester) − (solidification start temperature of palm oil not added with sorbitan fatty acid ester)
Increase value of solidification start temperature (° C.) = (Solidification start temperature of palm oil added with polyglycerol fatty acid ester) − (solidification start temperature of palm oil not added with polyglycerol fatty acid ester)

<測定条件>
示差走査熱量計のセル内の温度を80℃まで昇温し、5分間保持し、完全にサンプルを溶解させた。その後、毎分10℃(10℃/min.)で80℃から−40℃まで降温させ、その過程における固化開始温度(発熱ピークにおける発熱開始温度)を測定した。固化開始温度は、ベースラインとピークとの接線における交点とした。
<Measurement conditions>
The temperature in the cell of the differential scanning calorimeter was raised to 80 ° C. and held for 5 minutes to completely dissolve the sample. Thereafter, the temperature was lowered from 80 ° C. to −40 ° C. at 10 ° C./minute (10 ° C./min.), And the solidification start temperature in the process (heat generation start temperature at the exothermic peak) was measured. The solidification start temperature was the intersection point at the tangent line between the baseline and the peak.

Figure 2015142570
Figure 2015142570

(油脂組成物)
表3〜表5に示す配合比にてエステル交換油脂を含む各油脂を混合し、実施例及び比較例の油脂組成物を得た。実施例14〜17は、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル1、2及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル1、2のいずれかを油脂組成物に添加して油脂組成物を得た。
(Oil composition)
Each fats and oils containing transesterified fats and oils were mixed with the compounding ratio shown in Table 3-Table 5, and the fats and oils composition of the Example and the comparative example were obtained. In Examples 14 to 17, either sorbitan fatty acid ester 1, 2 or polyglycerin fatty acid ester 1, 2 was added to the oil or fat composition to obtain an oil or fat composition.

Figure 2015142570
Figure 2015142570

Figure 2015142570
Figure 2015142570

Figure 2015142570
Figure 2015142570

(3)評価
実施例及び比較例の各試料について次の評価を行った。
(マーガリンの製造)
表3〜表5に示す、実施例1〜17及び比較例1〜9の油脂組成物82質量部にモノグリセリン脂肪酸エステルを0.5質量部添加し、70℃に調温して油相とした。一方、水14.9質量部に脱脂粉乳1.5質量部及び食塩1.0質量部を添加し、85℃で加熱殺菌して水相を得た。
(3) Evaluation The following evaluation was performed about each sample of an Example and a comparative example.
(Manufacturing of margarine)
As shown in Tables 3 to 5, 0.5 parts by mass of monoglycerin fatty acid ester is added to 82 parts by mass of the oil compositions of Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9, and the temperature is adjusted to 70 ° C. did. On the other hand, 1.5 parts by mass of skim milk powder and 1.0 part by mass of sodium chloride were added to 14.9 parts by mass of water, and heat sterilized at 85 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase.

次に、該油相に該水相を添加し、プロペラ撹拌機で撹拌して、油中水型に乳化した後にバターフレーバーを0.1質量部添加し、コンビネーターによって急冷捏和し、25cm×21cm×1cmのシート状に成型した下記の配合割合の層状食品用マーガリンを得た。
〈層状食品用マーガリンの配合〉
油脂組成物 82質量部
モノグリセリン脂肪酸エステル 0.5質量部
水 14.9質量部
脱脂粉乳 1.5質量部
食塩 1.0質量部
バターフレーバー 0.1質量部
Next, the water phase is added to the oil phase, stirred with a propeller stirrer, emulsified into a water-in-oil type, 0.1 part by weight of butter flavor is added, and rapidly cooled and kneaded with a combinator, 25 cm A margarine for layered food with the following blending ratio molded into a sheet of × 21 cm × 1 cm was obtained.
<Composition of margarine for layered food>
Oil and fat composition 82 parts by weight Monoglycerin fatty acid ester 0.5 parts by weight Water 14.9 parts by weight Nonfat dry milk 1.5 parts by weight Salt 1.0 part by weight Butter flavor 0.1 parts by weight

上記層状食品用マーガリンを10℃で5日保存した後、下記の評価を行った。   After the margarine for layered food was stored at 10 ° C. for 5 days, the following evaluation was performed.

(デニッシュの製造)
下記の配合および製造条件でデニッシュを製造した。具体的には、パン練り込み用マーガリンおよび層状食品用マーガリン以外の材料をミキサーに投入し、低速3分、中低速5分ミキシングを行った後、パン練り込み用マーガリンを入れ低速2分、中低速4分ミキシングを行い、生地を得た。この生地を、フロアタイムをとった後、0℃で一晩リタードさせた。この生地に層状食品用マーガリンを折り込み、3折り2回を加え−10℃にて20分リタードし、3折り1回を加え−10℃にて60分リタードさせた。その後ゲージ厚3mmとした後、10cm角(10cm×10cm)にカットし、ホイロ後、焼成してデニッシュを得た。
〈デニッシュの配合〉
強力粉 100質量部
上白糖 10質量部
食塩 1.6質量部
脱脂粉乳 4質量部
パン練り込み用マーガリン
(アドフリー440ミヨシ油脂製乳化剤無添加マーガリン) 10質量部
イースト 4質量部
水 63質量部
層状食品用マーガリン 生地100質量部に対して20質量部
(Manufacture of Danish)
Danish was manufactured with the following formulation and manufacturing conditions. Specifically, materials other than margarine for bread kneading and layered food margarine are put into a mixer, mixed for 3 minutes at low speed and 5 minutes for medium speed, and then margarine for bread kneading is added for 2 minutes at low speed. Mixing was performed at low speed for 4 minutes to obtain a dough. After taking the floor time, the dough was retarded overnight at 0 ° C. Layered food margarine was folded into this dough, added twice in 3 folds, retarded at −10 ° C. for 20 minutes, added once in 3 folds, and retarded at −10 ° C. for 60 minutes. Then, after setting the gauge thickness to 3 mm, it was cut into a 10 cm square (10 cm × 10 cm), baked and fired to obtain a Danish.
<Dennish formulation>
Powerful powder 100 parts by weight Upper white sugar 10 parts by weight Salt 1.6 parts by weight Nonfat dry milk 4 parts by weight Margarine for bread kneading (Ad free 440 Miyoshi oil and fat emulsifier-free margarine) 10 parts by weight Yeast 4 parts by weight Water 63 parts by weight For layered food 20 parts by mass for 100 parts by mass of margarine dough

〈デニッシュ生地の製造条件〉
ミキシング: 低速3分、中低速5分、(パン練り込み用マーガリン投入)、
低速2分、中低速4分
捏上温度: 25℃
フロアタイム:27℃ 75% 30分
リタード: 0℃ 一晩
ロールイン: 3折×2回 −10℃にてリタード20分
3折×1回 −10℃にてリタード60分
成型: シーターゲージ厚3mm
ホイロ: 35℃ 75% 60分
<Production conditions for Danish fabric>
Mixing: 3 minutes for low speed, 5 minutes for medium and low speed (input of margarine for bread kneading),
Low speed 2 minutes, medium low speed 4 minutes 低速 Up temperature: 25 ℃
Floor time: 27 ° C 75% 30 minutes Retard: 0 ° C overnight Roll-in: 3 folds x 2 times -10 ° C retarded 20 minutes
3 folds x 1 retard at -10 ° C for 60 minutes Molding: sheeter gauge thickness 3mm
Proof: 35 ° C 75% 60 minutes

[伸展性]
約2Kgの生地にシート状の層状食品用マーガリン400gをのせ、折り込み時の層状食品用マーガリンの伸展性を以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎+:生地中での油脂の伸びが特に均一で、きわめて伸展性が良好である。
◎ :生地中で油脂が均一に伸び、非常に伸展性が良好である。
○ :生地中で油脂が均一に伸び、伸展性が良好である。
△ :伸展性はするもののやや油切れがある。
× :油脂が均一に伸びず、油脂切れがある。
[Extensible]
400 g of sheet-shaped layered food margarine was placed on about 2 kg of dough, and the extensibility of the layered food margarine during folding was evaluated according to the following criteria.
Evaluation Criteria ◎ +: The elongation of fats and oils in the dough is particularly uniform, and the extensibility is very good.
A: The fats and oils are uniformly stretched in the dough, and the extensibility is very good.
○: The fats and oils extend uniformly in the dough, and the extensibility is good.
Δ: Extensibility but slight oil shortage.
X: Fats and oils do not extend uniformly, and there is a lack of fats and oils.

[生地縮み]
3mm厚に成型した生地を10cm角にカットし、10枚重ねたときの高さを測定し、以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎:55mm以下
○:55mm超60mm以下
△:60mm超65mm以下
×:65mm超
[Fabric shrinkage]
A fabric molded to a thickness of 3 mm was cut into a 10 cm square, and the height when 10 sheets were stacked was measured and evaluated according to the following criteria.
Evaluation criteria ◎: 55 mm or less ○: 55 mm to 60 mm or less △: 60 mm to 65 mm or less ×: 65 mm or more

[染みだし]
層状食品用マーガリンを3×3cm角にカットし、35℃の恒温槽にて3日保存したときの液状油の染みだしを目視にて以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎:全く染みだしがない。
○:若干染みだしがある。
△:染みだしがある。
×:染みだしが多くある。
[Breaking out]
The margarine for layered food was cut into 3 × 3 cm squares, and liquid oil oozing when stored in a thermostatic bath at 35 ° C. for 3 days was visually evaluated according to the following criteria.
Evaluation criteria A : No oozing out.
○: Slightly oozing
Δ: There is a oozing.
X: There are many oozes.

[硬さの経時変化]
層状食品用マーガリンを円柱状の容器に入れ、表面が平らになるように、スパテラでカットし15℃で2日、30日保存したときの硬さをペネトロメーターを用いて測定した。AOCS公定法Cc16−60の円錐型コーンアダプターの先端を層状食品用マーガリン表面に接触する位置にセットし、5秒間落下させたときの進入距離(mm)の10倍をペネトロ値とし、硬さの指標とした。30日目と2日目とのペネトロ値の変化率((|30日目のペネトロ値−2日目のペネトロ値|)/2日目のペネトロ値×100)により硬さの変化を以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎:15%未満
○:15%以上25%未満
△:25以上35%未満
×:35%以上
[Change in hardness over time]
Layered food margarine was put into a cylindrical container, and the hardness when cut with a spatula and stored at 15 ° C. for 2 to 30 days was measured using a penetrometer so that the surface was flat. Set the tip of the cone-shaped corn adapter of AOCS official method Cc16-60 at the position where it touches the surface of the layered food margarine, and set the penetro value to 10 times the entry distance (mm) when dropped for 5 seconds. It was used as an index. The change rate of hardness between the 30th day and the 2nd day ((| Penetro value on the 30th day−Penetro value on the second day |) / Penetro value on the 2nd day × 100) Evaluated by criteria.
Evaluation criteria ◎: Less than 15% ○: 15% or more and less than 25% △: 25 or more and less than 35% ×: 35% or more

[層の形成状態]
焼成したデニッシュを中央部でカットし、層の形成状態を目視により以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎:膜が非常に薄く、きれいな層を形成していた。
〇:膜が薄く、きれいな層を形成していた。
△:やや膜が厚く、層の形成が少なかった。
×:膜が厚く、層の形成が少なかった。
[Layer formation state]
The fired Danish was cut at the center, and the formation state of the layer was visually evaluated according to the following criteria.
Evaluation criteria A : The film was very thin and a clean layer was formed.
◯: The film was thin and a clean layer was formed.
Δ: Slightly thick film and less layer formation.
X: The film was thick and the layer formation was small.

[サクさ]
デニッシュのサクさについて、パネル10名により以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎:10名中8名以上が良好であると評価した。
○:10名中7〜5名が良好であると評価した。
△:10名中4〜3名が良好であると評価した。
×:10名中2名以下が良好であると評価した。
[Sakusa]
The crispness of Danish was evaluated according to the following criteria by 10 panelists.
Evaluation criteria A : Eight or more out of 10 people evaluated that it was good.
A: 7 to 5 out of 10 people were evaluated as good.
(Triangle | delta): 4-3 persons evaluated that 10 persons were favorable.
X: Two or less of the ten people evaluated that it was good.

[トランス酸量]
油脂組成物のトランス酸含有量を前記の方法で測定し、以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
○:トランス酸量が0.1〜5質量%
×:トランス酸量が5質量%超
[Trans acid content]
The trans acid content of the oil / fat composition was measured by the above method and evaluated according to the following criteria.
Evaluation criteria ○: Trans acid amount is 0.1 to 5% by mass
X: Trans acid amount exceeds 5 mass%

上記の評価結果を表6〜表8に示す。また油脂組成物の組成等も併せてこれらの表に示した。   The above evaluation results are shown in Tables 6-8. The composition of the oil and fat composition is also shown in these tables.

Figure 2015142570
Figure 2015142570

Figure 2015142570
Figure 2015142570

Figure 2015142570
Figure 2015142570

以上より、ヨウ素価が20〜45である、ラウリン系油脂(A1)とパーム系油脂(A2)とのエステル交換油脂(A)を使用し、かつ2飽和トリグリセリドと3飽和トリグリセリドとの合計割合を油脂全量に対して40〜65質量%、SUS/SSUを0.3〜1.2、C40〜C48のトリグリセリドの割合を油脂全量に対して10〜30質量%とした油脂組成物を用いた実施例1〜17では、生地との伸展性が良好で、生地縮みがなく、サクさのある食感が得られ、層の形成状態が良くボリュームのある焼成品を得ることができ、かつ液状油の染みだしや層状食品用可塑性油脂の硬さ変化が少なく高温や経時に対する安定性に優れていた。   From the above, the transesterified oil (A) of the lauric oil (A1) and the palm oil (A2) having an iodine value of 20 to 45 is used, and the total ratio of the 2-saturated triglyceride and the 3-saturated triglyceride is calculated. Implementation using an oil and fat composition with 40 to 65% by mass based on the total amount of oil and fat, 0.3 to 1.2 for SUS / SSU, and 10 to 30% by mass of the triglyceride of C40 to C48 based on the total amount of fat and oil In Examples 1 to 17, the extensibility with the dough is good, the dough is not shrunk, a crisp texture is obtained, a layered state is good and a baked product with a volume can be obtained, and a liquid oil There was little change in the hardness of the plastic fats and oils for layered foods, and the stability to high temperatures and aging was excellent.

特に、ラウリン系油脂(A1)の添加量を5質量%以上30質量%未満にすると、高温や経時によって液状油が染みだすことを著しく抑制でき、安定性に優れていた。   In particular, when the addition amount of the lauric fat (A1) is 5% by mass or more and less than 30% by mass, it is possible to remarkably suppress the liquid oil from oozing out due to high temperature or time, and the stability is excellent.

一方、ラウリン系油脂とパーム系油脂とのエステル交換油脂としてヨウ素価の低いエステル交換油脂6、7を用いると、比較例1、8にも示されるように、上記のような結果は得られなかった。またトリグリセリド組成が上記の範囲外であると、比較例2〜9にも示されるように、上記のような結果は得られなかった。   On the other hand, when transesterified fats and oils 6 and 7 having a low iodine value are used as transesterified fats and oils of lauric fats and palm fats and oils, as shown in Comparative Examples 1 and 8, the above results cannot be obtained. It was. When the triglyceride composition was out of the above range, the above results were not obtained as shown in Comparative Examples 2 to 9.

次に、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル1、2及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル1、2のいずれかを添加した実施例14〜17について、これらを添加しない実施例1との対比として、水分が多くシトリ(湿り気)の多い生地配合において焼成試験を行い、サクさの評価を行った。   Next, about Examples 14-17 which added any of sorbitan fatty acid ester 1, 2 and polyglycerin fatty acid ester 1, 2, as compared with Example 1 which does not add these, there is much moisture and it is citrus (wet). A baking test was conducted with many dough blends to evaluate crispyness.

(デニッシュの製造)
下記の配合および製造条件でデニッシュを製造した。具体的には、パン練り込み用マーガリンおよび層状食品用マーガリン以外の材料をミキサーに投入し、低速3分、中低速5分ミキシングを行った後、パン練り込み用マーガリンを入れ低速2分、中低速4分ミキシングを行い、生地を得た。この生地を、フロアタイムをとった後、0℃で一晩リタードさせた。この生地に層状食品用マーガリンを折り込み、3折り2回を加え−10℃にて20分リタードし、3折り1回を加え−10℃にて60分リタードさせた。その後ゲージ厚3mmとした後、10cm角(10cm×10cm)にカットし、ホイロ後、焼成(200℃、14分)してデニッシュを得た。
〈デニッシュの配合〉
強力粉 90質量部
薄力粉 10質量部
上白糖 10質量部
脱脂粉乳 3質量部
食塩 1.6質量部
パン練り込み用マーガリン
(アドフリー440ミヨシ油脂製乳化剤無添加マーガリン) 10質量部
全卵 6質量部
イースト 5質量部
イーストフード 1質量部
水 66質量部
層状食品用マーガリン 生地100質量部に対して20質量部
(Manufacture of Danish)
Danish was manufactured with the following formulation and manufacturing conditions. Specifically, materials other than margarine for bread kneading and layered food margarine are put into a mixer, mixed for 3 minutes at low speed and 5 minutes for medium speed, and then margarine for bread kneading is added for 2 minutes at low speed. Mixing was performed at low speed for 4 minutes to obtain a dough. After taking the floor time, the dough was retarded overnight at 0 ° C. Layered food margarine was folded into this dough, added twice in 3 folds, retarded at −10 ° C. for 20 minutes, added once in 3 folds, and retarded at −10 ° C. for 60 minutes. Then, after setting the gauge thickness to 3 mm, it was cut into a 10 cm square (10 cm × 10 cm), and after baking, baked (200 ° C., 14 minutes) to obtain a Danish.
<Dennish formulation>
Strong powder 90 parts by weight Soft flour 10 parts by weight Upper white sugar 10 parts by weight Nonfat dry milk 3 parts by weight Salt 1.6 parts by weight Margarine for bread kneading (adgar free 440 Miyoshi oil and fat emulsifier-free margarine) 10 parts by weight Whole egg 6 parts by weight Yeast 5 Mass part East food 1 part by weight Water 66 parts by weight Margarine for layered food 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of dough

〈デニッシュ生地の製造条件〉
ミキシング: 低速3分、中低速5分、(パン練り込み用マーガリン投入)、
低速2分、中低速4分
捏上温度: 25℃
フロアタイム:27℃ 75% 30分
リタード: 0℃ 一晩
ロールイン: 3折×2回 −10℃にてリタード20分
3折×1回 −10℃にてリタード60分
成型: シーターゲージ厚3mm
ホイロ: 35℃ 75% 60分
<Production conditions for Danish fabric>
Mixing: 3 minutes for low speed, 5 minutes for medium and low speed (input of margarine for bread kneading),
Low speed 2 minutes, medium low speed 4 minutes 低速 Up temperature: 25 ℃
Floor time: 27 ° C 75% 30 minutes Retard: 0 ° C overnight Roll-in: 3 folds x 2 times -10 ° C retarded 20 minutes
3 folds x 1 retard at -10 ° C for 60 minutes Molding: sheeter gauge thickness 3mm
Proof: 35 ° C 75% 60 minutes

[サクさ2]
デニッシュのサクさについて、パネル10名により以下の基準で評価した。
評価基準
◎:10名中8名以上が良好であると評価した。
○:10名中7〜5名が良好であると評価した。
△:10名中4〜3名が良好であると評価した。
×:10名中2名以下が良好であると評価した。
[Sakusa 2]
The crispness of Danish was evaluated according to the following criteria by 10 panelists.
Evaluation criteria A : Eight or more out of 10 people evaluated that it was good.
A: 7 to 5 out of 10 people were evaluated as good.
(Triangle | delta): 4-3 persons evaluated that 10 persons were favorable.
X: Two or less of the ten people evaluated that it was good.

上記の評価結果を表9に示す。また油脂組成物の組成等も併せてこれらの表に示した。   The evaluation results are shown in Table 9. The composition of the oil and fat composition is also shown in these tables.

Figure 2015142570
Figure 2015142570

ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル1、2及びポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル1、2のいずれかを添加した実施例14〜17は、水分が多くシトリ(湿り気)の多い生地配合においても、パネルの大部分がサクさがよいと評価し、これらを添加しなかった以外は同一配合の実施例1に比べて有意差が確認された。そして、それ以外の上記特性も全体として維持されていることから、他の特性を損なうことなく、焼成品のサクさが向上することが確認された。   In Examples 14 to 17 to which any one of sorbitan fatty acid esters 1 and 2 and polyglycerin fatty acid esters 1 and 2 was added, the majority of the panel had good crush even in a dough formulation with a lot of moisture and a lot of dirt (wetness). A significant difference was confirmed as compared with Example 1 having the same composition except that these were not added. And since the said characteristic other than that was maintained as a whole, it was confirmed that the sinter of a baked product improves without impairing another characteristic.

Claims (13)

焼成品の生地に折り込んで使用される層状食品用油脂組成物であって、
全構成脂肪酸中のラウリン酸含有量が30質量%以上であるラウリン系油脂(A1)と、全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数16以上の脂肪酸含有量が35質量%以上であるパーム系油脂(A2)とのエステル交換油脂であって、かつヨウ素価が20〜45であるエステル交換油脂(A)を含有し、
構成脂肪酸として飽和脂肪酸(S)を2個、不飽和脂肪酸(U)を1個含む2飽和トリグリセリドと、構成脂肪酸として飽和脂肪酸(S)を3個含む3飽和トリグリセリドとの合計割合が油脂全量に対して40〜65質量%、
2飽和トリグリセリドのうち、対称型トリグリセリド(SUS)と非対称型トリグリセリド(SSU)との質量比(SUS/SSU)が0.3〜1.2、
構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が40〜48であるトリグリセリドの割合が油脂全量に対して10〜30質量%
である層状食品用油脂組成物。
It is a layered food oil composition used by being folded into a baked product dough,
Lauric oils and fats (A1) having a lauric acid content of 30% by mass or more in all constituent fatty acids and palm oils and fats (A2) having a fatty acid content of 16 or more carbon atoms in all the constituent fatty acids of 35% by mass or more Containing the transesterified oil and fat (A) having an iodine value of 20 to 45,
The total proportion of di-saturated triglycerides containing 2 saturated fatty acids (S) as constituent fatty acids and 1 unsaturated fatty acid (U) and tri-saturated triglycerides containing 3 saturated fatty acids (S) as constituent fatty acids is the total fat 40-65% by mass,
Among the two saturated triglycerides, the mass ratio (SUS / SSU) of symmetric triglyceride (SUS) to asymmetric triglyceride (SSU) is 0.3 to 1.2,
The proportion of triglycerides in which the total number of carbon atoms of the constituent fatty acids is 40 to 48 is 10 to 30% by mass relative to the total amount of fats and oils.
An oily fat composition for layered foods.
エステル交換油脂(A)は、ラウリン系油脂(A1)のヨウ素価が2以下である請求項1に記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。   2. The fat-and-oil composition for layered food according to claim 1, wherein the transesterified fat (A) has an iodine value of 2 or less in the lauric fat (A1). エステル交換油脂(A)は、パーム系油脂(A2)のヨウ素価が30〜55である請求項1又は2に記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。   3. The fat-and-oil composition for layered food according to claim 1, wherein the transesterified fat (A) has a palm-based fat (A2) having an iodine value of 30 to 55. 4. エステル交換油脂(A)は、ラウリン系油脂(A1)5質量%以上30質量%未満と、パーム系油脂(A2)70質量%超95質量%以下とをエステル交換反応して得られる請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。   The transesterified fat / oil (A) is obtained by a transesterification reaction between 5% by mass and less than 30% by mass of the lauric fat / oil (A1) and more than 70% by mass and less than 95% by mass of the palm fat / oil (A2). To 4. The fat-and-oil composition for layered food according to any one of items 1 to 3. エステル交換油脂(A)は、全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数12〜14の飽和脂肪酸の含有量が7〜20質量%である請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。   Transesterified fats and oils (A) are the fats and oils composition for layered foods in any one of Claim 1 to 4 whose content of C12-C14 saturated fatty acid in all the constituent fatty acids is 7-20 mass%. エステル交換油脂(A)は、全構成脂肪酸中の炭素数18の不飽和脂肪酸の含有量が18〜40質量%である請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。   6. The fat-and-oil composition for layered food according to claim 1, wherein the transesterified fat / oil (A) has a content of unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms in all the constituent fatty acids of 18 to 40% by mass. エステル交換油脂(A)と、構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が46であるトリグリセリドと構成脂肪酸の総炭素数が48であるトリグリセリドとの合計割合が1〜25質量%である油脂(B)とを含有する請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。   Contains transesterified oil and fat (A), and fat and oil (B) in which the total proportion of triglyceride having 46 total fatty acids and triglyceride having 48 total fatty acids is 1 to 25% by mass The layered food oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 油脂(B)は、ヨウ素価45〜65のパーム系油脂、パーム軟質油のエステル交換油脂、及びラードから選ばれる少なくとも1種の油脂を含有する請求項7に記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。   The fat and oil composition for layered food according to claim 7, wherein the fat and oil (B) contains at least one kind of fat and oil selected from palm-based fat and oil having an iodine value of 45 to 65, transesterified fat and oil of palm soft oil, and lard. 更に液状油(C)及び極度硬化油(D)から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む油脂を含有する請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。   Furthermore, the fats-and-oils composition for layered foods in any one of Claim 1 to 8 containing the fats and oils containing at least 1 sort (s) chosen from liquid oil (C) and extremely hardened oil (D). 更にパーム油の固化開始温度を1.0℃以上上昇させるソルビタン脂肪酸エステル及びパーム油の固化開始温度を1.0℃以上上昇させるポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の層状食品用油脂組成物。   Furthermore, from the sorbitan fatty acid ester which raises the solidification start temperature of palm oil by 1.0 degreeC or more and the polyglyceryl fatty acid ester which raises the solidification start temperature of palm oil by 1.0 degreeC or more, it contains at least 1 sort (s) selected from. The fat-and-oil composition for layered food according to any one of 9 above. 請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の層状食品用油脂組成物を含有する層状食品用可塑性油脂。   A layered food-use plastic fat or oil comprising the layered food-use fat or oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10. 請求項11に記載の層状食品用可塑性油脂を含有する焼成品用の生地。   The dough for baked goods containing the plastic fats and oils for layered foods of Claim 11. 請求項12に記載の生地を焼成して得られる焼成品。   A baked product obtained by baking the dough according to claim 12.
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