JP2015121015A - Method for burying horizontal drain material and device therefor - Google Patents

Method for burying horizontal drain material and device therefor Download PDF

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JP2015121015A
JP2015121015A JP2013263962A JP2013263962A JP2015121015A JP 2015121015 A JP2015121015 A JP 2015121015A JP 2013263962 A JP2013263962 A JP 2013263962A JP 2013263962 A JP2013263962 A JP 2013263962A JP 2015121015 A JP2015121015 A JP 2015121015A
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casing
shaft
water stop
drain material
stop plug
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JP6292504B2 (en
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衛 濱野
Mamoru Hamano
衛 濱野
斉藤 衛
Mamoru Saito
衛 斉藤
秋葉 利康
Toshiyasu Akiba
利康 秋葉
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Sanwa Kizai Co Ltd
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Sanwa Kizai Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily bury a drain material used principally for measures against liquefaction of the foundation in a horizontal direction without excavating the ground surface.SOLUTION: A drain material 14 is buried in the ground by repeating the processes of: burying a casing 10 having a necessary number of casing members 10a, 10b connected in a propulsion method; inserting the drain material 14 into the casing; inserting an in-casing cutoff plug 50 into one end part of the casing; fitting a casing pull-out side end part closing member 51 which opens and closes the end of the casing; coupling the in-casing cutoff plug 50 to a reaction force receiver 60 extended from the other end through in the casing and disabling the in-casing cutoff plug 50 to move; releasing the casing from being closed by the in-casing cutoff plug 50 and pulling the casing out into one vertical shaft by a length of one casing member; closing the casing with the in-casing cutoff plug; and removing the pulled-out casing member.

Description

本発明は、主に液状化対策工法に用いられる人工材料系のドレーン材を地盤中に水平方向に向けて埋設する水平ドレーン材の埋設工法及びその装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a horizontal drain material embedding method and an apparatus for embedding an artificial material drain material mainly used in a liquefaction countermeasure method in a horizontal direction in the ground.

従来、地下水の滞留した砂質地盤(滞水地盤という)等では、地震動等による衝撃で地盤中の土砂粒子間の水(間隙水)の圧力が急激に上昇することにより土砂粒子間の均衡が崩れ、土砂が液体の如き挙動を示す現象、即ち、地盤の液状化現象が発生することが知られている。   Conventionally, in sandy ground where groundwater has accumulated (called aquifered ground), the pressure between water (pore water) in the ground suddenly increases due to the impact of seismic motion, etc., and the balance between the sand and sand particles is balanced. It is known that a phenomenon that the soil and sand behave like a liquid, that is, a ground liquefaction phenomenon occurs.

このような滞水地盤では、液状化現象に伴う地盤沈下によって建築物の倒壊等の甚大な被害を招く虞があることから、液状化の発生を予防する対策を講じることが求められている。   In such a stagnant ground, there is a risk of causing serious damage such as collapse of a building due to ground subsidence due to a liquefaction phenomenon, and therefore it is required to take measures to prevent the occurrence of liquefaction.

従来、液状化対策工法としては、サンドコンパクションパイル工法や高圧噴射攪拌工法等の多くの工法が開発されており、その中で排水ドレーン工法は、複雑又は大掛かりな装置を要せず、騒音や振動の原因となる締め固め作業を抑えられることから市街地等で有用な工法として知られている。   Conventionally, many methods such as sand compaction pile method and high-pressure jet agitation method have been developed as countermeasures against liquefaction. Among them, drainage drain method does not require complicated or large-scale equipment, and noise and vibration. It is known as a useful construction method in urban areas because it can suppress the compacting work that causes the damage.

排水ドレーン工法は、地盤の縦(鉛直)方向に向けて通水性を有する複数のドレーン材を設置し、このドレーン材に地震動等の衝撃により生じた過剰間隙水を流入させることにより間隙水圧の上昇を抑制又は間隙水を消散させるようになっている。   In the drainage drain method, a plurality of drainage materials with water permeability are installed in the vertical (vertical) direction of the ground, and excess pore water generated by impact such as seismic motion flows into the drain material to increase pore water pressure. To suppress or dissipate pore water.

この排水ドレーン工法には、対象となる地盤の所望の深さまで掘削排土しつつケーシングを貫入した後、ケーシング内に砕石、砂利等のドレーン材を投入し、そのドレーン材を締め固めつつケーシングを引き抜くことにより地盤中に砕石等からなる砕石ドレーン杭を打設する砕石ドレーン工法や(例えば、特許文献1を参照)、管状のケーシングを掘削排土しつつ地盤の所望深さまで貫入するとともに、このケーシング内に人工材料系ドレーン材を挿入し、ケーシングを地盤より引抜くことにより人工材料系ドレーン材を地盤中に埋設する人工材料系ドレーン工法(例えば、特許文献2を参照)がある。   In this drainage drain method, after excavating and discharging the casing to the desired depth of the target ground, drain material such as crushed stone and gravel is put into the casing and the drain material is compacted while the drain material is compacted. A crushed stone drain construction method in which a crushed stone drain pile made of crushed stone or the like is placed in the ground by pulling it out (see, for example, Patent Document 1), while digging and discharging a tubular casing to the desired depth of the ground, There is an artificial material drain construction method in which an artificial material drain material is embedded in the ground by inserting an artificial material drain material into the casing and pulling the casing from the ground (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

特開平07−180132号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-180132 特開2004−36300号公報JP 2004-36300 A

しかしながら、上述の如き従来の排水ドレーン工法においては、ドレーン材を縦(鉛直)方向に向けて設置することを前提としているため、所望の排水性能を確保するためには多くのドレーン材を設けなければならず、また、各ドレーン材間を連結する集水管も多く設けなければならないという問題があった。   However, in the conventional drainage drain method as described above, since it is assumed that the drain material is installed in the vertical (vertical) direction, many drain materials must be provided in order to ensure the desired drainage performance. In addition, there is a problem that a large number of water collecting pipes for connecting the drain materials must be provided.

また、従来の排水ドレーン工法では、対象地盤上にビルや家屋等の建築物が存在した場合、その建築物下にドレーン材を設置することができないという問題があり、それ故に建築物下の排水効率の向上が図り難いという問題があった。   In addition, the conventional drainage drain method has a problem that if there is a building or a building on the target ground, it is impossible to install drainage material under the building. There was a problem that it was difficult to improve efficiency.

更には、従来の砕石ドレーン工法にあっては、砂や砕石等のドレーン材からなる砕石ドレーン杭を打設しなければならず、その打設に手間がかかり作業効率が悪いという問題があった。   Furthermore, in the conventional crushed stone drain construction method, there has been a problem that a crushed stone drain pile made of a drain material such as sand or crushed stone has to be placed, which is troublesome and the work efficiency is poor. .

一方、このような従来の排水ドレーン工法の問題に鑑み、対象地盤中にドレーン材を水平方向に向けて埋設することも考えられるが、従来、地盤にドレーン材を水平に埋設するには、対象地盤の地表部を開削して水平ドレーン材の埋設を行う開削工法に頼らざるを得ず、対象地盤上にビルや家屋等の建築物が存在した場合に対応することができず、また、地表面の開削に伴いその開削地域の周辺を閉鎖することによる交通渋滞等の公害を生じる虞がある。   On the other hand, in view of the problems of the conventional drainage drain method, it is conceivable to bury the drain material horizontally in the target ground, but conventionally, in order to bury the drain material horizontally in the ground, It is necessary to rely on the excavation method of excavating the surface of the ground and embedding horizontal drain material, and it is not possible to cope with the case where buildings such as buildings and houses exist on the target ground. There is a risk of causing pollution such as traffic congestion by closing the area around the excavated area as the surface is excavated.

そこで本発明は、このような従来の問題に鑑み、主に地盤の液状化対策に用いられるドレーン材を、地表を開削することなく水平方向に向けて容易に埋設することができる水平ドレーン材の埋設工法及びその装置の提供を目的としてなされたものである。   Therefore, in view of such a conventional problem, the present invention is a horizontal drain material that can be easily embedded in a horizontal direction without cutting the ground surface, mainly for drain materials used for ground liquefaction countermeasures. It was made for the purpose of providing the burial method and its equipment.

上述の如き従来の問題を解決するための請求項1に記載の発明方法の特徴は、地中に水平方向に向けて透水性を有するドレーン材を埋設する水平ドレーン材の埋設工法であって、地表面より一対の立坑を所定の間隔を隔てて形成し、推進機により前記立坑の一方側より他方側に向けて複数のケーシング部材を後端側に順次連接しつつ押し出すことにより該両立坑間に連通開口させたケーシングを埋設し、該ケーシング内に透水性を有するドレーン材を挿入し、前記ケーシングの一方の立坑側端部に、半径方向に膨縮操作できるケーシング内止水プラグを挿入するとともに、該ケーシングの前記一方の立坑側端部を開閉するケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を嵌合させ、前記立坑の他方側からケーシング内を通して延長させた反力受けに前記ケーシング内止水プラグを連結することにより該ケーシング内止水プラグの一方の立坑側への移動を不能とし、前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材をもってケーシングの端部を閉鎖し、前記ケーシング内止水プラグを縮径させて該ケーシング内止水プラグのケーシング内面に対する接触圧を除いた状態で前記ケーシングを少なくとも端部の1ケーシング部材の長さ分だけ前記一方の立坑内に引き出し、該引出操作後、前記ケーシング内止水プラグを膨張させて、地中に残されているケーシング部材の内面に圧接させることによりケーシング内を閉鎖し、次いで前記引き出されたケーシング部材を撤去し、前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を前記地中側のケーシング部材の端部に嵌合させてこれを密閉させ、しかる後、前記ケーシング内止水プラグを縮径させて、前記ケーシングの引き出し作業、引き出されたケーシング部材の撤去作業を繰り返し、前記ドレーン材を地中に残すことにある。   The feature of the invention method according to claim 1 for solving the conventional problems as described above is an embedding method of a horizontal drain material in which a drain material having water permeability is buried in the ground in the horizontal direction, A pair of shafts is formed at a predetermined interval from the ground surface, and a plurality of casing members are sequentially connected to the rear end side from one side of the shaft to the other side by a propulsion unit, and the compatible shafts are pushed out. A casing having a communication opening is buried, a drainage material having water permeability is inserted into the casing, and a water stop plug in the casing that can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction is inserted into one end of the shaft. In addition, the casing pull-out side end closing member for opening and closing the one shaft side end of the casing is fitted, and the casing is attached to the reaction force receiver extended through the casing from the other side of the shaft. By connecting the water stop plug in the casing, it is impossible to move the water stop plug in the casing to one of the shafts, and the end of the casing is closed by the casing withdrawal side end closing member, and the water stop in the casing is closed. With the plug reduced in diameter and with the contact pressure against the casing inner surface of the water stop plug in the casing removed, the casing is pulled out into the one shaft by the length of at least one casing member, and after the pulling operation The casing water stop plug is inflated to close the inside of the casing by press-contacting the inner surface of the casing member remaining in the ground, and then the pulled out casing member is removed, and the casing withdrawal side end A part closing member is fitted to the end of the underground casing member to seal it, and then the water stop plug in the casing is attached. The diameter is reduced, and the drawing operation of the casing and the removing operation of the drawn casing member are repeated to leave the drain material in the ground.

請求項2に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項1の構成に加え、前記ケーシングの推進機による押出し側端部の先端ケーシング部材に対するその直後側の後続ケーシング部材の連結は、引き抜き操作によって両ケーシング部材間が分離される差し込み継手とし、その他のケーシング部材の継手は一方のケーシング部材のソケット部と他方のケーシング部材の差し込み部とをネジ継手によって連結していることにある。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, the connection of the subsequent casing member immediately after the leading end casing member at the extruding side end portion by the propulsion unit of the casing is performed by pulling out both casings. The joint of the other casing member is formed by connecting the socket part of one casing member and the insertion part of the other casing member by a screw joint.

請求項3に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項1又は2の構成に加え、前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材は、前記ケーシング部材の後端のネジ継手に螺嵌させて該ケーシング部材の後端を密閉する蓋体をもって構成していることにある。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first or second aspect, the casing pull-out side end closing member is screwed into a threaded joint at the rear end of the casing member, and the casing member rearward. That is, it has a lid that seals the end.

請求項4に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項1〜3の何れか1の構成に加え、前記ケーシングの引抜操作側とは反対側の他方の立坑への開口部に、これを遮蔽するケーシング先端遮蔽材を固定し、これに前記ケーシング内止水プラグ反力受けを支持させたことにある。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure according to any one of the first to third aspects, a casing that shields the casing at an opening portion to the other vertical shaft opposite to the pulling operation side of the casing. The tip shielding material is fixed, and this supports the water stop plug reaction force receiver in the casing.

請求項5に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項1〜3の構成に加え、前記ケーシングの引抜操作側とは反対側の他方の立坑への開口部は、これを閉鎖せず、該開口部及び前記他方の立坑を通して、前記ケーシング内止水プラグの反力受けを挿入したことにある。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first to third aspects, the opening to the other shaft on the opposite side to the pulling operation side of the casing does not close the opening. And through the other shaft, the reaction force receiver of the water stop plug in the casing is inserted.

請求項6に記載の発明装置の特徴は、所定の間隔を隔てて形成した一対の立坑の一方側内に設置し、所定長さの円筒状ケーシング部材をその後端側に順次連結しつつ押し出すことにより両立坑間にケーシングを埋設する推進機と、両立坑間に埋設され、内部にドレーン材が挿入されたケーシングを、該ドレーン材を地中に残して前記立坑の何れか一方側から引き抜くケーシング引き抜き手段と、前記ケーシングの引抜側端部内に、流体の注排によって膨縮し、膨張時に該ケーシング端部内を遮蔽する止水プラグと、該止水プラグのケーシング引き抜き側の移動を、該ケーシングの引き抜き側とは反対端部側に導出した引張線材からなる反力受けと、前記ケーシングの引き抜き側の先端を遮蔽する着脱可能なケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を備え、前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材をもってケーシングの引き抜き側端部のケーシング部材の開口部を閉鎖し、前記止水プラグによる遮蔽を解除した状態でケーシングの少なくとも1本のケーシング部材分の長さを引き抜き、前記止水プラグによって地盤中のケーシング部材の内部を遮蔽した状態で引き抜かれたケーシング部材を撤去するようにしたことにある。   The invention device according to claim 6 is characterized in that it is installed in one side of a pair of vertical shafts formed at a predetermined interval, and a cylindrical casing member having a predetermined length is extruded while being sequentially connected to the rear end side. And a casing that is buried between the compatible mine shafts and in which the drain material is inserted, and the drain material is left in the ground and is pulled out from either side of the vertical shaft. A pull-out means, a water stop plug that expands and contracts in the pull-out side end portion of the casing by the discharge of fluid, and shields the inside of the casing end during expansion; and the movement of the water stop plug on the casing pull-out side Provided with a reaction force receiving member made of a tensile wire led to the end opposite to the drawing side of the casing and a detachable casing drawing side end closing member for shielding the leading end of the casing on the drawing side. The casing pull-out side end closing member closes the opening of the casing member at the pull-out side end of the casing, and the length of at least one casing member of the casing is released in a state where the shielding by the water stop plug is released. The casing member pulled out in a state where the inside of the casing member in the ground is shielded by the water stop plug is removed.

請求項7に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項6の構成に加え、前記ケーシングの押出し側端部の先端ケーシング部材に対するその直後側の後続ケーシング部材の連結は、引き抜き操作によって両ケーシング部材間が分離される差し込み継手とし、その他のケーシング部材の継手は一方のケーシング部材のソケット部と他方のケーシング部材の差し込み部とをネジ継手によって連結していることにある。   According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the sixth aspect, the connection of the subsequent casing member immediately after the leading end casing member of the extrusion side end portion of the casing is performed between the two casing members by a drawing operation. The other joints of the casing members are separated from each other by connecting the socket part of one casing member and the insertion part of the other casing member by a threaded joint.

請求項8に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項6又は7の構成に加え、前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材は、前記ケーシング部材の後端のネジ継手に螺嵌させて該ケーシング部材の後端を密閉する蓋体をもって構成していることにある。   According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the sixth or seventh aspect, the casing pull-out side end closing member is screwed into a threaded joint at the rear end of the casing member so as to That is, it has a lid that seals the end.

請求項9に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項6〜8の構成に加え、前記ケーシングの引抜操作側とは反対側の他方の立坑への開口部に、これを遮蔽するケーシング先端遮蔽材を固定し、これに前記ケーシング内止水プラグ反力受けを支持させたことにある。   According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configurations of the sixth to eighth aspects, a casing tip shielding material that shields the casing is provided at the opening to the other shaft on the opposite side to the pulling operation side of the casing. It is fixed, and this supports the water stop plug reaction force receiver in the casing.

本発明に係る水平ドレーン材の埋設工法及びその装置は、上述したように、地中に水平方向に向けて透水性を有するドレーン材を埋設する水平ドレーン材の埋設工法であって、地表面より一対の立坑を所定の間隔を隔てて形成し、推進機により前記立坑の一方側より他方側に向けて複数のケーシング部材を後端側に順次連接しつつ押し出すことにより該両立坑間に連通開口させたケーシングを埋設し、該ケーシング内に透水性を有するドレーン材を挿入し、前記ケーシングの一方の立坑側端部に、半径方向に膨縮操作できるケーシング内止水プラグを挿入するとともに、該ケーシングの前記一方の立坑側端部を開閉するケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を嵌合させ、前記立坑の他方側からケーシング内を通して延長させた反力受けに前記ケーシング内止水プラグを連結することにより該ケーシング内止水プラグの一方の立坑側への移動を不能とし、前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材をもってケーシングの端部を閉鎖し、前記ケーシング内止水プラグを縮径させて該ケーシング内止水プラグのケーシング内面に対する接触圧を除いた状態で前記ケーシングを少なくとも端部の1ケーシング部材の長さ分だけ前記一方の立坑内に引き出し、該引出操作後、前記ケーシング内止水プラグを膨張させて、地中に残されているケーシング部材の内面に圧接させることによりケーシング内を閉鎖し、次いで前記引き出されたケーシング部材を撤去し、前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を前記地中側のケーシング部材の端部に嵌合させてこれを密閉させ、しかる後、前記ケーシング内止水プラグを縮径させて、前記ケーシングの引き出し作業、引き出されたケーシング部材の撤去作業を繰り返し、前記ドレーン材を地中に残すようにしたことにより、開削工法に依らずにドレーン材を地盤中に水平方向に向けて埋設することができ、それにより、少ないドレーン材で効率よく地盤に液状化対策を施すことができる。また、建築物直下にもドレーン材を埋設できる。   The horizontal drain material embedding method and its apparatus according to the present invention are, as described above, a horizontal drain material embedding method for embedding a drain material having permeability in the horizontal direction in the ground, from the ground surface. A pair of shafts are formed at a predetermined interval, and a plurality of casing members are sequentially connected to the rear end side from one side of the shaft to the other side by a propulsion unit, thereby communicating between the compatible shafts. Embedded in the casing, a drain material having water permeability is inserted into the casing, a water stop plug in the casing that can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction is inserted into one end of the shaft, and the casing A casing pull-out side end closing member for opening and closing the one shaft side end of the casing is fitted, and the case is extended to the reaction force receiver extended through the casing from the other side of the shaft. By connecting the water stop plug in the casing, it becomes impossible to move the water stop plug in the casing to one shaft side, and the end of the casing is closed by the casing withdrawal side end closing member, and the water stop in the casing is closed. With the plug reduced in diameter and with the contact pressure against the casing inner surface of the water stop plug in the casing removed, the casing is pulled out into the one shaft by the length of at least one casing member, and after the pulling operation The casing water stop plug is inflated to close the inside of the casing by press-contacting the inner surface of the casing member remaining in the ground, and then the pulled out casing member is removed, and the casing withdrawal side end A part closing member is fitted to the end of the underground casing member to seal it, and then the water stop plug in the casing is attached. The drain material was repeatedly removed and the removed casing member was removed, so that the drain material was left in the ground. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently take measures against liquefaction on the ground with a small amount of drainage material. In addition, drain material can be buried directly under the building.

また、本発明において、後方に順次ケーシング部材を連設しつつ先導体を一方の立坑より他方の立坑に向けて推進させ、前記両立坑間に前記複数のケーシング部材からなる水平方向に向けた管状のケーシングを埋設することにより、地表を開削することなく効率よく地盤中にケーシングを埋設することができる。   Further, in the present invention, a tubular member oriented in the horizontal direction composed of the plurality of casing members is formed between the compatible shafts by propelling the leading conductor from one shaft toward the other shaft while sequentially arranging the casing members on the rear side. By burying the casing, it is possible to embed the casing in the ground efficiently without excavating the ground surface.

本発明においては、前記ケーシングの推進機による押出し側端部の先端ケーシング部材に対するその直後側の後続ケーシング部材の連結は、引き抜き操作によって両ケーシング部材間が分離される差し込み継手とし、その他のケーシング部材の継手は一方のケーシング部材のソケット部と他方のケーシング部材の差し込み部とをネジ継手によって連結していることにより、ケーシングの引き抜きの際に先端ケーシング部材を立坑に連通させた状態で残すことが容易となり、立坑内のドレーン口の崩落が防止できるとともに立坑内と地盤との間の止水が容易となる。   In the present invention, the connection of the subsequent casing member immediately after the leading end casing member at the extrusion side end portion by the propulsion unit of the casing is a bayonet joint that separates the two casing members by a drawing operation, and the other casing members In this joint, the socket part of one casing member and the insertion part of the other casing member are connected by a threaded joint, so that the tip casing member can be left in communication with the shaft when the casing is pulled out. It becomes easy, the collapse of the drain port in the shaft can be prevented, and water stoppage between the shaft and the ground becomes easy.

本発明においては、前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を、前記ケーシング部材の後端のネジ継手に螺嵌させて該ケーシング部材の後端を密閉する蓋体をもって構成したことにより、この蓋体はケーシング引出のための部材と兼用することができ、装置が簡略化できる。   In the present invention, the casing pull-out side end closing member has a lid that is screwed into a screw joint at the rear end of the casing member to seal the rear end of the casing member. It can also be used as a member for pulling out the casing, and the apparatus can be simplified.

本発明においては、前記ケーシングの引抜操作側とは反対側の他方の立坑への開口部に、これを遮蔽するケーシング先端遮蔽材を固定し、これに前記ケーシング内止水プラグ反力受けを支持させることにより、両立坑ともドライな作業空間を容易に形成できることとなり、作業環境が良好となる。   In the present invention, a casing tip shielding material that shields the casing is secured to the opening to the other shaft on the opposite side to the pulling operation side of the casing, and the water stop plug reaction force receiver in the casing is supported thereby By doing so, a dry working space can be easily formed in both the compatible wells, and the working environment is improved.

本発明においては、前記ケーシングの引抜操作側とは反対側の他方の立坑への開口部は、これを閉鎖せず、該開口部及び前記他方の立坑を通して、前記ケーシング内止水プラグの反力受けを挿入することにより、装置が簡略化される。   In the present invention, the opening to the other shaft on the side opposite to the drawing operation side of the casing does not close the opening, and the reaction force of the water stop plug in the casing passes through the opening and the other shaft. By inserting the receptacle, the device is simplified.

本発明の実施の一例を示すもので、推進工法によってケーシングを立坑間に設置している状態を示す断面図である。It shows an example of the implementation of the present invention and is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a casing is installed between shafts by a propulsion method. 同上の推進機の一部を拡大して示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which expands and shows a part of propulsion machine same as the above. 図1におけるケーシング部材の連結状態を示す部分断面図である。It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the connection state of the casing member in FIG. ドレーン材挿入後のケーシング抜き取りのための装置の概略を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the apparatus for casing extraction after drain material insertion. 図1に示すケーシング端部内に挿入されたケーシング内止水プラグとケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the casing water stop plug inserted in the casing edge part shown in FIG. 1, and a casing extraction side edge part closing member. ケーシング内へのドレーン材挿通工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the drain material insertion process in a casing. 同上のドレーン材挿入完了状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the drain material insertion completion state same as the above. 同上の1のケーシング部材分の抜き出しが完了した状態の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the state where extraction of one casing member same as the above was completed. 同上の1のケーシング部材を撤去した状態の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the state which removed one casing member same as the above. ドレーン材埋設完了状態の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the drain material embedding completion state. 本発明の他の実施例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other Example of this invention.

次に、本発明に係る水平ドレーン材埋設装置の実施の態様を図示した実施例に基づいて説明する。尚、図中符号Aは液状化対策を施す砂地地盤(以下、単に地盤Aという)、符号Bは地下水水位、符号1,2は作業用の立坑である。   Next, an embodiment of the horizontal drain material embedding device according to the present invention will be described based on the illustrated examples. In addition, the code | symbol A is the sand ground (henceforth only the ground A) which performs a liquefaction countermeasure, the code | symbol B is a groundwater level, and the codes | symbols 1 and 2 are working shafts.

各立坑1,2は、図1に示すように、内面が遮水壁3により覆われたドライな状態に形成され、一方の立坑は、推進機12等が設置される押出し側立坑1であり、他方の立坑は到達側立坑2である。   As shown in FIG. 1, each shaft 1, 2 is formed in a dry state where the inner surface is covered with a water-impervious wall 3, and one of the shafts is an extrusion-side shaft 1 in which a propulsion machine 12 and the like are installed. The other shaft is the arrival side shaft 2.

また、遮水壁3には、所望の位置に貫入孔4が形成され、この貫入孔4を通して先導体11及びケーシング10を地盤中に圧入するようになっており、図中符号5はケーシング10の外周面と遮水壁3内側との間を止水する止水材である。   In addition, a penetration hole 4 is formed at a desired position in the impermeable wall 3, and the leading conductor 11 and the casing 10 are press-fitted into the ground through the penetration hole 4. Reference numeral 5 in the figure denotes the casing 10. It is a water stop material which stops water between the outer peripheral surface of the water and the inside of the water shielding wall 3.

水平ドレーン材埋設装置は、図1に示すように、先導体11の後方に順次ケーシング部材10a,10b,10b......を連設することによりケーシング10を地盤A中に埋設する推進機12と、図4に示す如き、ケーシング10を地盤A中より引き抜くためのケーシング撤去手段13とを備え、図1、図6に示すように一方の立坑1より他方の立坑2にわたって地盤中水平方向に向けて埋設されたケーシング10内にドレーン材14を挿入し、その状態からケーシング10を立坑1側に引抜くことにより、ドレーン材14を地盤A中に水平方向に向けて埋設できるようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal drain material embedding device is a propulsion device in which the casing 10 is embedded in the ground A by sequentially connecting casing members 10 a, 10 b, 10 b... 4 and a casing removing means 13 for pulling out the casing 10 from the ground A as shown in FIG. 4, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, horizontal in the ground from one shaft 1 to the other shaft 2 The drain material 14 is inserted into the casing 10 embedded in the direction, and the casing 10 is pulled out from the state toward the shaft 1 so that the drain material 14 can be embedded in the ground A in the horizontal direction. It has become.

ドレーン材14は、透水性を有する柱状又は筒状の人工材料系ドレーン材であって、例えば、透水性を有する合成樹脂製のフィルター材により中空円筒柱状に形成され、互いに軸方向端部が接続されてケーシング10内に挿通されるようになっている。   The drain material 14 is a columnar or cylindrical artificial material drain material having water permeability, and is formed into a hollow cylindrical column shape with a filter material made of synthetic resin having water permeability, for example, and axial ends thereof are connected to each other. And inserted into the casing 10.

ケーシング10は、鋼管や塩化ビニル管等からなる管状の複数のケーシング部材10a,10b,10b,......を備え、このケーシング部材10a,10b,10b,......を管軸方向に連結することにより両立坑1,2間に亘る長尺の管状に形成されるようになっている。   The casing 10 includes a plurality of tubular casing members 10a, 10b, 10b,... Made of steel pipes, vinyl chloride pipes, etc., and the casing members 10a, 10b, 10b,. By connecting in the axial direction, it is formed into a long tubular shape extending between the compatible wells 1 and 2.

各ケーシング部材10a,10bは、円筒状に形成され、図3に示すように、推進機12による押出し側の先端、即ち到達側立坑2に突出する先端ケーシング部材10aとその直後の後続ケーシング部材10bとは、先端ケーシング部材10aの後端に形成したソケット部17に対し後続ケーシング部材10b先端の差し込み部18を差し込むことによって嵌合され、引抜き方向の力が作用した際に容易に離脱する差し込み継手を使用している。   As shown in FIG. 3, each casing member 10a, 10b is formed in a cylindrical shape, and as shown in FIG. Is an insertion joint that is fitted by inserting the insertion portion 18 at the front end of the subsequent casing member 10b into the socket portion 17 formed at the rear end of the front end casing member 10a, and is easily detached when a force in the pulling direction is applied. Is used.

後続ケーシング部材10b,10b間の連結は、先端の雌ネジ部16に対し雄ネジ部15を螺合させることによって連結されるネジ継手によって連結され、引き抜き方向の外力のみによっては離脱されない構造となっている。   The subsequent casing members 10b, 10b are connected by a screw joint that is connected by screwing the male screw portion 15 to the female screw portion 16 at the tip, and is not separated only by an external force in the pulling direction. ing.

また、各継手部にはそれぞれ止水パッキン19を介在させ、水密性を維持して連結されるようになっている。   In addition, a water-stopping packing 19 is interposed in each joint portion so as to be connected while maintaining watertightness.

推進機12は、図1、図2に示すように、先導管20の進行方向前面部にカッターヘッド21を回転可能に有する先導体11と、先端がカッターヘッド21の後端に接続されたスクリュー軸等からなる回転軸22と、回転軸22に回転動力を付与する回転駆動ユニット24と、回転駆動ユニット24とともにベース25上を前後に移動し、最後端のケーシング部材10bを進行方向に押圧する押圧部26と、押圧部26及び回転駆動ユニット24を前後移動させる推進機用前後駆動ユニット28を備えている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the propulsion unit 12 includes a tip conductor 11 having a cutter head 21 rotatably at a front portion in a traveling direction of the tip conduit 20, and a screw having a tip connected to the rear end of the cutter head 21. A rotary shaft 22 including a shaft, a rotary drive unit 24 for applying rotational power to the rotary shaft 22, and the rotary drive unit 24 move back and forth on the base 25 to press the casing member 10b at the rearmost end in the traveling direction. A pressing unit 26 and a propulsion unit front / rear drive unit 28 for moving the pressing unit 26 and the rotary drive unit 24 back and forth are provided.

押圧部26は、推進方向に前面を向けた平板状に形成され、前後に開口した軸挿通孔27が形成され、下端がベース25上に移動可能に支持され、推進機用前後駆動ユニット28により前後移動するようになっている。   The pressing portion 26 is formed in a flat plate shape with the front face directed in the propulsion direction, has a shaft insertion hole 27 that opens in the front and rear directions, and has a lower end that is movably supported on the base 25. It is designed to move back and forth.

推進機用前後駆動ユニット28は、押圧部26に固定されたシリンダ本体29aと、シリンダ本体29aに出入り可能に支持されたロッド29bとを有する油圧シリンダ等のシリンダ29を備え、先端をベース25の後方部に配置された基端固定部30に固定したロッド29bをシリンダ本体29aに対し出し入れすることにより押圧部26を前後移動させるようになっている。   The propulsion unit front / rear drive unit 28 includes a cylinder 29 such as a hydraulic cylinder having a cylinder body 29a fixed to the pressing portion 26 and a rod 29b supported so as to be able to enter and exit the cylinder body 29a. The pressing part 26 is moved back and forth by inserting and removing the rod 29b fixed to the base end fixing part 30 disposed in the rear part with respect to the cylinder body 29a.

また、押圧部26には、ショックアブソーバを兼用した連結部材31を介して回転駆動ユニット24が連結され、押圧部26の移動に伴って回転駆動ユニット24も移動するようになっている。   In addition, the rotary drive unit 24 is connected to the pressing portion 26 via a connecting member 31 that also serves as a shock absorber, and the rotary drive unit 24 also moves as the pressing portion 26 moves.

回転駆動ユニット24は、回転軸ユニット本体部24a内に回転可能に支持された回転動作部23を備え、この回転動作部23を、減速機を介して電動モータ又は油圧モータ等のモータ32により回転動作させるようになっている。   The rotation drive unit 24 includes a rotation operation unit 23 rotatably supported in the rotation shaft unit main body 24a, and the rotation operation unit 23 is rotated by a motor 32 such as an electric motor or a hydraulic motor via a reduction gear. It is supposed to work.

この回転動作部23は、中央に前後に開口させた貫通孔33を有するとともに、その前面中央に回転軸22の基端が取り外し可能に連結されるようになっている。   The rotation operation unit 23 has a through-hole 33 opened in the front and rear in the center, and a base end of the rotation shaft 22 is detachably connected to the center of the front surface.

一方、ケーシング撤去手段13は、図4に示すように、前述した推進機12を兼用し、前後駆動ユニット28による押圧部26の後退動作によってケーシング10を引き出すようにしているとともに、ケーシング10の引出によってケーシング10内地盤中の水が流入した際に、該水が推進機12を設置した一方の立坑1内に吐出しないように端部のケーシング部材内にあってこれを閉鎖するケーシング内止水プラグ50と、該ケーシング部材の立坑1内側端部を閉鎖するケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51とを有している。   On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the casing removing means 13 also serves as the propulsion unit 12 described above, and pulls out the casing 10 by the retreating operation of the pressing portion 26 by the front and rear drive unit 28. When the water in the ground in the casing 10 flows in, the water in the casing is closed in the casing member at the end so that the water is not discharged into one shaft 1 where the propulsion unit 12 is installed. It has the plug 50 and the casing extraction | drawer side edge part closing member 51 which closes the shaft 1 inner side edge part of this casing member.

ケーシング撤去用の引き抜き手段13として使用する際の推進機12は、推進機として使用する際の回転軸22を取り外し、図4に示すように、ケーシング部材の立坑1側端部に連結する連結アタッチメント43を装着するようになっている。し、これに立坑1側に突出した後続ケーシング部材10bの先端を連結し、押圧部26を後退させることによって先端ケーシング部材10aを残して後続ケーシング部材10bからなるケーシング10を立坑1側に引き抜くようにしている。   The propulsion unit 12 when used as the pulling-out means 13 for removing the casing removes the rotary shaft 22 when used as the propulsion unit, and as shown in FIG. 4, the connection attachment is connected to the shaft 1 side end of the casing member. 43 is attached. Then, the tip of the succeeding casing member 10b protruding to the shaft 1 side is connected to this, and the pressing portion 26 is moved backward to leave the tip casing member 10a and pull out the casing 10 made of the succeeding casing member 10b to the shaft 1 side. I have to.

連結アタッチメント43は、押圧部26内に止めネジ45aによって脱落不能に嵌め合わされた筒体45をもって構成され、この筒体45にケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51が一体に備えられている。   The connection attachment 43 includes a cylindrical body 45 fitted into the pressing portion 26 by a set screw 45a so as not to fall off. The cylindrical body 45 is integrally provided with a casing extraction side end closing member 51.

ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51は平板状の遮蔽プレート51aとその前面に、筒体45と同軸心配置に突設させたケーシング部材着脱リング51bとからなる蓋体をもって構成され、リング51bの外周面に形成した雄ネジを後続ケーシング部材10bの先端部内周の雌ネジに螺合することによって後続ケーシング部材10bと連結されるようになっている。   The casing drawing side end closing member 51 is constituted by a flat shield plate 51a and a cover body including a casing member attaching / detaching ring 51b protruding coaxially with a cylindrical body 45 on the front surface thereof, and the outer periphery of the ring 51b. The male screw formed on the surface is screwed into the female screw at the inner periphery of the distal end portion of the subsequent casing member 10b to be connected to the subsequent casing member 10b.

ケーシング内止水プラグ50は、図4、図5に示すように、円柱状の基部52と、基部52の外周部に固定された中空環状のシール部53とを備え、シール部53内への注排気によって半径方向に膨張・収縮するようになっており、膨張させることによってケーシング部材10bの内周面に圧接されて通水不能に遮蔽し、縮小させることによってケーシング部材10bの内周面に対する接触圧が除かれ、両者間の相対移動が可能となるようになっている。   As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the in-casing water stop plug 50 includes a columnar base portion 52 and a hollow annular seal portion 53 fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the base portion 52. The exhaust gas expands and contracts in the radial direction by exhaust gas, and is inflated so as to be pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the casing member 10b and shielded from passing water, and by contracting, the inner peripheral surface of the casing member 10b is reduced. The contact pressure is removed, and relative movement between the two becomes possible.

ケーシング内止水プラグ50内への注排気は、注排気ホース54を通してなされるようになっており、図示してないが切換弁によってコンプレッサーと排気孔とに切り替えすることによって注排気がなされるようになっている。   Injecting / exhausting into the water stop plug 50 in the casing is performed through an injecting / exhaust hose 54, and although not shown, the injecting / exhausting is performed by switching between a compressor and an exhaust hole by a switching valve. It has become.

注排気ホース54は、ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51の中央部分を貫通して延長されており、その貫通部分はパッキン55によって密閉されている。   The exhaust hose 54 extends through the central portion of the casing drawing side end closing member 51, and the penetrating portion is sealed with a packing 55.

注排気ホース54には、ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51とケーシング内止水プラグ50との間を切り離し・連結自在なカプラー56,56によって連結されているとともに、そのケーシング内止水プラグ50とケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51との間を、後述するケーシング部材10bの引き出し、取り外しに支障がないだけの長さとしている。また両カプラー56には内部の流路を開閉するコック57が備えられている。尚、カプラー56,56は、連結時に流路が自動的に開き、分離時に流路が自動的に閉じる自動開閉弁を有するものを使用してもよく、その場合にはコック57は不要となる。   The exhaust hose 54 is connected to the casing drawing-side end closing member 51 and the in-casing water stop plug 50 by couplers 56 and 56 that can be separated and connected, and the in-casing water stop plug 50 is connected to the exhaust hose 54. The length between the casing drawing side end closing member 51 and the casing drawing side end closing member 51 is long enough to prevent the casing member 10b described later from being pulled out and removed. Both couplers 56 are provided with cocks 57 for opening and closing the internal flow paths. The couplers 56, 56 may have an automatic opening / closing valve that automatically opens when connected and automatically closes when separated, in which case the cock 57 is unnecessary. .

ケーシング内止水プラグ50は、図4に示すように、他方の立坑2側からケーシング10内を通して延長させた反力受け60が連結され、該ケーシング内止水プラグ50の一方の立坑1側への移動しないようにしている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the water stop plug 50 in the casing is connected to a reaction force receiver 60 extended from the other shaft 2 side through the inside of the casing 10, so that the water stop plug 50 in the casing is connected to one shaft 1 side. Not to move.

この反力受け60は、ケーシング10の引抜操作側とは反対側の他方の立坑2への開口部に、これを遮蔽するように嵌合されるケーシング先端遮蔽材61と、該遮蔽材61にケーシング内止水プラグ50を繋ぎ止める引張線材62とから構成されている。引張線材62は、遮蔽材61に貫通させた長さ調整軸63に連結され、この長さ調整軸63は、調整ネジ64によって軸方向に移動できるようになっている。   The reaction force receiver 60 has a casing tip shielding member 61 fitted to the opening to the other shaft 2 opposite to the pulling operation side of the casing 10 so as to shield the casing 10, and the shielding member 61. It is comprised from the tension | pulling wire 62 which connects the water stop plug 50 in a casing. The tensile wire 62 is connected to a length adjusting shaft 63 that is passed through the shielding member 61, and the length adjusting shaft 63 can be moved in the axial direction by an adjusting screw 64.

ケーシング先端遮蔽材61は、平板状の遮蔽プレート65とその裏面に突設した差し込み部66と、差し込み部66の外周に嵌め合せたゴム状弾性材からなるリング状の止水パッキン67とから構成され、差し込み部66を先端ケーシング10aの開口部に圧入することによってこれを水密に遮蔽するようになっている。   The casing front end shielding member 61 includes a flat shielding plate 65, an insertion portion 66 projecting from the back surface thereof, and a ring-shaped water-stopping packing 67 made of a rubber-like elastic material fitted on the outer periphery of the insertion portion 66. Then, the insertion portion 66 is press-fitted into the opening portion of the tip casing 10a to shield it watertightly.

ケーシング先端遮蔽材61は、止め具70によって先端ケーシング部材10aに対して移動不能に固定されており、この止め具70は、遮水壁3との間に溶接した支持金具71に対し、遮蔽材61の遮蔽プレート65をボルト止めする構造となっている。   The casing front end shielding member 61 is fixed to the front end casing member 10a by a stopper 70 so as to be immovable. The stopper 70 is a shielding member against the support fitting 71 welded between the water shielding wall 3 and the casing 70. The 61 shielding plates 65 are bolted.

尚、遮蔽プレート65には、注排水路68が貫通して設けられ、開閉バルブ69によって開閉できるようになっている。   The shielding plate 65 is provided with a pouring / draining passage 68 that can be opened and closed by an opening / closing valve 69.

次に、本発明に係る水平ドレーンの埋設方法の一例について説明する。   Next, an example of the horizontal drain embedding method according to the present invention will be described.

まず始めに、液状化対策を施す対象地盤Aに水平方向に間隔を置いて立坑1,2を形成するとともに、立坑1,2内面を遮水壁3で遮蔽してドライな空間を形成する。   First, the vertical shafts 1 and 2 are formed at intervals in the horizontal direction on the target ground A to be subjected to liquefaction countermeasures, and the dry walls are formed by shielding the inner surfaces of the vertical shafts 1 and 2 with the water shielding walls 3.

次に、図1に示すように、一方の立坑1内に推進機12を設置し、推進工法により鋼管や塩化ビニル管等からなるケーシング10を両立坑1,2間の地盤中に埋設する。   Next, as shown in FIG. 1, a propulsion unit 12 is installed in one of the vertical shafts 1, and a casing 10 made of a steel pipe, a vinyl chloride pipe, or the like is embedded in the ground between the compatible mines 1 and 2 by a propulsion method.

即ち、カッターヘッド21によって地盤Aを掘削するとともに、押圧部26を前進させ、先導体11の後方に配置された最後端のケーシング部材10bを所望の距離だけ押し込む推進工程と、押圧部26を後退させ、回転軸22の継ぎ足し及び最後端のケーシング部材10bの後端に新たなケーシング部材10bを継ぎ足す工程とを繰り返し、両立坑1,2間に亘って管状のケーシング10を埋設する。   That is, the excavation process of excavating the ground A by the cutter head 21 and moving the pressing portion 26 forward to push the casing member 10b at the rear end disposed behind the leading conductor 11 by a desired distance, and the pressing portion 26 to retreat. The step of adding the rotating shaft 22 and the step of adding a new casing member 10b to the rear end of the casing member 10b at the rearmost end are repeated, and the tubular casing 10 is buried between the compatible shafts 1 and 2.

そして、ケーシング10の埋設が完了し、先導体11が他方の立坑2に到達したら、先導体11を他方の立坑2より撤去するとともに、回転軸22を回転動作部23より取り外し、回転軸22をケーシング10より引抜きつつ順次撤去し、推進機12をケーシング撤去手段13に切り替え可能な状態とする。   Then, when the burying of the casing 10 is completed and the leading conductor 11 reaches the other shaft 2, the leading conductor 11 is removed from the other shaft 2, and the rotating shaft 22 is removed from the rotating operation unit 23, and the rotating shaft 22 is removed. The propulsion unit 12 is sequentially removed while being pulled out from the casing 10 so that the propulsion device 12 can be switched to the casing removal means 13.

次に、図6に示すように、一方の立坑1側からケーシング10内に順次ドレーン材14を継ぎ足しつつ挿通させ、図7に示すように、ケーシング10の略全長に亘って、即ち、対象地盤A中に水平方向にいきわたるように配置させる。   Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the drain material 14 is inserted into the casing 10 sequentially from one shaft 1 side while being added, and as shown in FIG. 7, over the substantially entire length of the casing 10, that is, the target ground. A is arranged so as to spread horizontally in A.

ドレーン材挿通が完了したら、図4に示すように、立坑1側のケーシング端部内にケーシング内止水プラグ50を縮径状態で挿入し、その背面の引張線材62を、ドレーン材14内を通して立坑2側に引出し、その先端の長さ調整軸63をケーシング先端遮蔽材61に貫通させるとともに、ケーシング先端遮蔽材61を立坑2に突出している先端ケーシング部材10aの開口に嵌合して固定する。しかる後、長さ調整軸63にナットを嵌合してそのケーシング内突出長さを調整することにより、ケーシング内止水プラグ50をケーシング端部の所定の位置より立坑1側に移動しないようにする。   When the drain material insertion is completed, as shown in FIG. 4, the in-casing water stop plug 50 is inserted into the casing end portion on the shaft 1 side in a reduced diameter state, and the tensile wire 62 on the back surface is inserted through the drain material 14 into the shaft. It is pulled out to the second side, and the length adjustment shaft 63 at the tip thereof is passed through the casing tip shield member 61, and the casing tip shield member 61 is fitted and fixed to the opening of the tip casing member 10a protruding to the shaft 2. Thereafter, a nut is fitted to the length adjusting shaft 63 to adjust the protruding length in the casing so that the water stop plug 50 in the casing is not moved from the predetermined position of the casing end to the shaft 1 side. To do.

次いでケーシング内止水プラグ50とケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51間の注排気ホース54をカプラー56、56の結合によって連通させるとともに、ケーシング10の立坑1内に突出している端部開口をケーシング遮蔽具51にて遮蔽し、これに連結アタッチメント43を推進機12の押圧部26に連結し、該押圧部26を、後続ケーシング部材10bの1本分の長さだけ後退させる。   Next, the intake / exhaust hose 54 between the water stop plug 50 in the casing and the casing drawing side end closing member 51 is communicated by coupling the couplers 56, 56, and the end opening protruding into the shaft 1 of the casing 10 is shielded from the casing. The connecting attachment 43 is connected to the pressing portion 26 of the propulsion unit 12 by shielding with the tool 51, and the pressing portion 26 is retracted by the length of one of the subsequent casing members 10b.

これによって図8に示すように、先端ケーシング部材10aからその直後の後続ケーシング部材10bが引き抜かれて、後続ケーシング部材10bからなるケーシング10全体が、後続ケーシング1本分だけ立坑1内に引き出される。この時、地下水は先端ケーシング部材10aと後続ケーシング部材10bとの間からケーシング10内に侵入するが、ケーシング10の両端は閉鎖されているため、立坑1,2内には地下水が吐出しない。   As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, the succeeding casing member 10b immediately after the leading casing member 10a is pulled out, and the entire casing 10 including the succeeding casing member 10b is pulled out into the shaft 1 by one succeeding casing. At this time, the groundwater enters the casing 10 from between the front casing member 10a and the subsequent casing member 10b, but since both ends of the casing 10 are closed, the groundwater is not discharged into the shafts 1 and 2.

このようにして後続ケーシング部材1本分の引き抜き作業が完了したら、図9に示すように、ケーシング内止水プラグ50内に圧縮空気を注入して膨張させ、外周面を地盤中に残されている次の後続ケーシング部材10bの内周面に圧接させて内部を遮蔽する。   When the drawing operation for one succeeding casing member is completed in this manner, as shown in FIG. 9, the compressed air is injected into the in-casing water stop plug 50 to expand, and the outer peripheral surface is left in the ground. The inner part of the next succeeding casing member 10b is pressed against the inner peripheral surface to shield the inside.

ケーシング内止水プラグ50による遮蔽が完了したら、ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51を取り外し、両カプラー56のコック57を閉じた後、カプラー56,56間を切り離し、立坑1内に引き出されている後続ケーシング部材10bを地盤中のものから分離させて撤去する。   When the shielding by the in-casing water stop plug 50 is completed, the casing withdrawal side end closing member 51 is removed, the cocks 57 of both couplers 56 are closed, the couplers 56 and 56 are disconnected, and the shafts 1 are drawn into the shaft 1. The succeeding casing member 10b is separated from the ground and removed.

上記撤去後に、カプラー56,56を連結し、コック57を開いてコンプレッサーからの圧力を加え、ケーシング内止水プラグ50の膨張状態を維持させた状態で、押圧部26を前進させ、図4と同様にケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51を地盤中から突出している次の後続ケーシング部材10bの端部に嵌合してこれを閉鎖する。この状態でケーシング内止水プラグ50内の圧力空気を排出して縮径させ、ケーシング内面との圧接状態を解き、しかる後、前述と同様に押圧部26を後退させて1後続ケーシング部材10b分の長さだけケーシングを引き抜く。   After the removal, the couplers 56 and 56 are connected, the cock 57 is opened, the pressure from the compressor is applied, and the pressing portion 26 is advanced in a state where the expanded state of the water stop plug 50 in the casing is maintained. Similarly, the casing withdrawal side end closing member 51 is fitted to the end of the next succeeding casing member 10b protruding from the ground and closed. In this state, the pressurized air in the casing water stop plug 50 is discharged to reduce the diameter, and the pressure contact state with the inner surface of the casing is released. Thereafter, the pressing portion 26 is moved backward in the same manner as described above to obtain one subsequent casing member 10b. Pull out the casing by the length of.

この1つの後続ケーシング部材の引き抜き、撤去の操作を繰り返して順次後続ケーシング部材10bを撤去し、最後の1本の後続ケーシング部材10bを立坑1の遮水壁3を貫通させた状態で残存させてドレーン材14の埋設を完了する。   The succeeding casing member 10b is sequentially removed by repeating the operation of pulling out and removing the one succeeding casing member, and the last succeeding casing member 10b is left in a state where the water shielding wall 3 of the shaft 1 is penetrated. The embedding of the drain material 14 is completed.

埋設完了後、立坑1内の推進機12等の機材を撤去し、両立坑1,2内に水中ポンプ72を設置してケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材51、ケーシング内止水プラグ50、ケーシング先端遮蔽材61を撤去する。   After the completion of the burial, the equipment such as the propulsion unit 12 in the shaft 1 is removed, the submersible pump 72 is installed in the compatible shafts 1 and 2, the casing withdrawal side end closing member 51, the casing water stop plug 50, the casing tip The shielding material 61 is removed.

最後に、図10に示すように、両立坑1,2内に水中ポンプ72より排水して地盤A内の水位を下げ、液状化を防止する。   Finally, as shown in FIG. 10, water is drained from the submersible pump 72 into the compatible mines 1 and 2, and the water level in the ground A is lowered to prevent liquefaction.

これにより、地表を開削することなく地盤A中に水平方向に向けてドレーン材14を埋設することができ、このドレーン材14を通して過剰間隙水を立坑1,2に流入させることで、地震動等による衝撃で地盤中の土砂粒子間の水(間隙水)の圧力が急激に上昇することを抑制することができ、地盤Aの液状化現象の発生を防止できる。   As a result, the drain material 14 can be buried horizontally in the ground A without excavating the ground surface, and excess pore water flows into the shafts 1 and 2 through the drain material 14, resulting in seismic motion or the like. It is possible to suppress a sudden rise in the pressure of water (pore water) between the earth and sand particles in the ground due to the impact, and the occurrence of the liquefaction phenomenon of the ground A can be prevented.

また、本発明方法によれば、家屋やビル等の建築物下の地盤中にもドレーン材14を傷つけること無く且つ、精度良く水平方向に向けて埋設することができ、当該水平ドレーン材14によって少ない本数で建築物直下の地盤A中も効率よく排水することができる。   Further, according to the method of the present invention, the drain material 14 can be embedded in the ground direction with high accuracy without damaging the ground material under the building such as a house or a building. With a small number, it can be drained efficiently even in the ground A directly under the building.

上述した例では、到達側立坑のケーシング開口にケーシング先端遮蔽材61を嵌合させてこれを密閉し、この遮蔽材61をケーシング内止水プラグ50の反力受けとしているが、このケーシング先端遮蔽材を使用せずに、図11に示すように、到達側立坑2内に地下水が流れ込む状態とし、立坑2を通して引張線材62を上方に導出させ、立坑上部に固定するようにしてもよい。   In the example described above, the casing front end shielding member 61 is fitted into the casing opening of the reaching side shaft and sealed, and this shielding member 61 is used as a reaction force receiver for the water stop plug 50 in the casing. As shown in FIG. 11, the ground water may flow into the reaching side shaft 2 without using the material, and the tensile wire 62 may be led upward through the shaft 2 and fixed to the upper portion of the shaft.

尚、上述の実施例では、ケーシング撤去手段13に推進機12を用いた例について説明したが、ケーシング撤去手段13を推進機12と別個に備えてもよく、また、その場合において、他方の立坑2にケーシング撤去手段13を設置するようにしてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the propulsion unit 12 is used as the casing removal unit 13 has been described. However, the casing removal unit 13 may be provided separately from the propulsion unit 12, and in that case, the other shaft 2 may be provided with the casing removing means 13.

また、上述の実施例では、両立坑1,2をドレーン材14埋設後も残存させ、両立坑1,2内にポンプ72等の排水手段を設置した例について説明したが、ドレーン材14埋設後に一方の立坑1より遮水壁3を撤去するとともに土砂を埋め戻して一方の立坑1を除去するようにしてもよい。   Moreover, although the above-mentioned Example demonstrated the example which left the compatible mine 1 and 2 after the drain material 14 embed | buried, and installed drainage means, such as the pump 72, in the compatible mine 1 and 2, after the drain material 14 embed | buried The water shielding wall 3 may be removed from one of the shafts 1 and the earth and sand may be backfilled to remove the one shaft 1.

A 地盤
B 地下水水位
1,2 立坑
3 遮水壁
4 貫入孔
5 止水材
10 ケーシング
10a,10b ケーシング部材
11 先導体
12 推進機
13 ケーシング撤去手段
14 ドレーン材
15 雄ねじ部
16 雌ねじ部
17 ソケット部
18 差し込み部
19 止水パッキン
20 先導管
21 カッターヘッド
22 回転軸
24 回転駆動ユニット
25 ベース
26 押圧部
28 前後駆動ユニット
29 シリンダ
30 基端固定部
31 連結部材
32 モータ
33 挿通孔
40 止水体
41 止水体支持部材
43 連結アタッチメント
45a 止めネジ
45 筒体
50 ケーシング内止水プラグ
51 ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材
51a 遮蔽プレート
51b ケーシング部材着脱リング
52 円柱状の基部
53 シール部
54 注排気ホース
55 パッキン
56 カプラー
57 コック
60 反力受け
61 ケーシング先端遮蔽材
62 引張線材
63 長さ調整軸
64 調整ネジ
65 遮蔽プレート
67 止水パッキン
68 注排水路
69 開閉バルブ
70 止め具
71 支持金具
72 水中ポンプ
A Ground B Groundwater level 1, 2 Vertical shaft 3 Impervious wall 4 Penetration hole 5 Water stop material 10 Casing 10a, 10b Casing member 11 Lead conductor 12 Propeller 13 Casing removing means 14 Drain material 15 Male thread 16 Female thread 17 Socket 18 Insertion part 19 Water stop packing 20 Lead pipe 21 Cutter head 22 Rotating shaft 24 Rotation drive unit 25 Base 26 Press part 28 Front / rear drive unit 29 Cylinder 30 Base end fixing part 31 Connecting member 32 Motor 33 Insertion hole 40 Water stop body 41 Water stop body support Member 43 Connection attachment 45a Set screw 45 Cylindrical body 50 Water stop plug 51 in casing Casing pull-out side end closing member 51a Shield plate 51b Casing member attaching / detaching ring 52 Cylindrical base 53 Sealing part 54 Exhaust hose 55 Packing 56 Coupler 57 Cock 60 anti Receiving 61 casing tip shield member 62 pull wire 63 length adjusting shaft 64 adjustment screw 65 blocking plate 67 waterproofing packing 68 Note drainage passage 69 opening valve 70 stop 71 Bracket 72 water pump

Claims (9)

地中に水平方向に向けて透水性を有するドレーン材を埋設する水平ドレーン材の埋設工法であって、
地表面より一対の立坑を所定の間隔を隔てて形成し、
推進機により前記立坑の一方側より他方側に向けて複数のケーシング部材を後端側に順次連接しつつ押し出すことにより該両立坑間に連通開口させたケーシングを埋設し、
該ケーシング内に透水性を有するドレーン材を挿入し、
前記ケーシングの一方の立坑側端部に、半径方向に膨縮操作できるケーシング内止水プラグを挿入するとともに、該ケーシングの前記一方の立坑側端部を開閉するケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を嵌合させ、
前記立坑の他方側からケーシング内を通して延長させた反力受けに前記ケーシング内止水プラグを連結することにより該ケーシング内止水プラグの一方の立坑側への移動を不能とし、
前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材をもってケーシングの端部を閉鎖し、前記ケーシング内止水プラグを縮径させて該ケーシング内止水プラグのケーシング内面に対する接触圧を除いた状態で前記ケーシングを少なくとも端部の1ケーシング部材の長さ分だけ前記一方の立坑内に引き出し、
該引出操作後、前記ケーシング内止水プラグを膨張させて、地中に残されているケーシング部材の内面に圧接させることによりケーシング内を閉鎖し、
次いで前記引き出されたケーシング部材を撤去し、前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を前記地中側のケーシング部材の端部に嵌合させてこれを密閉させ、
しかる後、前記ケーシング内止水プラグを縮径させて、前記ケーシングの引き出し作業、引き出されたケーシング部材の撤去作業を繰り返し、前記ドレーン材を地中に残すことを特徴としてなる水平ドレーン材の埋設工法。
A horizontal drain material embedding method in which a drain material having water permeability is embedded in the ground in the horizontal direction,
A pair of shafts are formed at a predetermined interval from the ground surface,
A casing having a communication opening between the compatible pits is buried by pushing out a plurality of casing members sequentially connected to the rear end side from one side of the shaft to the other side by a propulsion unit,
Inserting a drainage material having water permeability into the casing;
A casing internal water stop plug that can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction is inserted into one shaft side end portion of the casing, and a casing withdrawal side end closing member that opens and closes the one shaft side end portion of the casing is fitted. Combined
By connecting the water stop plug in the casing to the reaction force receiver extended through the inside of the casing from the other side of the shaft, the water stop plug in the casing cannot be moved to one shaft side,
The casing pull-out side end closing member closes the end of the casing, reduces the diameter of the water stop plug in the casing, and removes the contact pressure of the water stop plug in the casing against the casing inner surface. The length of one casing member of the part is pulled out into the one vertical shaft,
After the pulling-out operation, the inside of the casing is closed by expanding the water stop plug in the casing and bringing it into pressure contact with the inner surface of the casing member remaining in the ground,
Next, the pulled out casing member is removed, the casing withdrawal side end closing member is fitted to the end of the underground casing member, and this is sealed.
Thereafter, the drain plug in the casing is reduced in diameter, and the operation of pulling out the casing and the operation of removing the drawn casing member are repeated to leave the drain material in the ground. Construction method.
前記ケーシングの推進機による押出し側端部の先端ケーシング部材に対するその直後側の後続ケーシング部材の連結は、引き抜き操作によって両ケーシング部材間が分離される差し込み継手とし、その他のケーシング部材の継手は一方のケーシング部材のソケット部と他方のケーシング部材の差し込み部とをネジ継手によって連結している請求項1に記載の水平ドレーン材の埋設工法。   The connection of the subsequent casing member immediately after it to the front end casing member at the extrusion side end by the casing propulsion unit is an insertion joint in which the two casing members are separated by a drawing operation, and the other casing member joint is one of the joints. The horizontal drain material embedding method according to claim 1, wherein the socket portion of the casing member and the insertion portion of the other casing member are connected by a screw joint. 前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材は、前記ケーシング部材の後端のネジ継手に螺嵌させて該ケーシング部材の後端を密閉する蓋体をもって構成する請求項1又は2に記載の水平ドレーン材の埋設工法。   3. The horizontal drain member according to claim 1, wherein the casing pull-out side end closing member has a lid that is screwed into a screw joint at a rear end of the casing member to seal the rear end of the casing member. Buried construction method. 前記ケーシングの引抜操作側とは反対側の他方の立坑への開口部に、これを遮蔽するケーシング先端遮蔽材を固定し、これに前記ケーシング内止水プラグ反力受けを支持させた請求項1〜3に記載の水平ドレーン材の埋設工法。   The casing front-end | tip shielding material which shields this is fixed to the opening part to the other vertical shaft on the opposite side to the extraction operation side of the said casing, The said water stop plug reaction force receptacle in the said casing is supported by this. The horizontal drain material embedding method according to -3. 前記ケーシングの引抜操作側とは反対側の他方の立坑への開口部は、これを閉鎖せず、該開口部及び前記他方の立坑を通して、前記ケーシング内止水プラグの反力受けを挿入した請求項1〜3の何れか1に記載の水平ドレーン材の埋設工法。   The opening to the other shaft on the opposite side to the pulling operation side of the casing is not closed, and the reaction force receiver of the water stop plug in the casing is inserted through the opening and the other shaft. The horizontal drain material embedding method according to any one of Items 1 to 3. 所定の間隔を隔てて形成した一対の立坑の一方側内に設置し、所定長さの円筒状ケーシング部材をその後端側に順次連結しつつ押し出すことにより両立坑間にケーシングを埋設する推進機と、
両立坑間に埋設され、内部にドレーン材が挿入されたケーシングを、該ドレーン材を地中に残して前記立坑の何れか一方側から引き抜くケーシング引き抜き手段と、
前記ケーシングの引抜側端部内に、流体の注排によって膨縮し、膨張時に該ケーシング端部内を遮蔽する止水プラグと、
該止水プラグのケーシング引き抜き側の移動を、該ケーシングの引き抜き側とは反対端部側に導出した引張線材からなる反力受けと、
前記ケーシングの引き抜き側の先端を遮蔽する着脱可能なケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材を備え、
前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材をもってケーシングの引き抜き側端部のケーシング部材の開口部を閉鎖し、前記止水プラグによる遮蔽を解除した状態でケーシングの少なくとも1本のケーシング部材分の長さを引き抜き、前記止水プラグによって地盤中のケーシング部材の内部を遮蔽した状態で引き抜かれたケーシング部材を撤去するようにしたことを特徴とした水平ドレーン材の埋設装置。
A propulsion unit that is installed in one side of a pair of vertical shafts formed at a predetermined interval, and embeds a casing between the compatible shafts by extruding a cylindrical casing member of a predetermined length sequentially connected to the rear end side thereof; ,
A casing extraction means for extracting a casing embedded between the compatible mine shafts and having a drain material inserted therein, from either side of the shaft while leaving the drain material in the ground,
A water stop plug that expands and contracts by draining and discharging the fluid in the drawing side end of the casing, and shields the inside of the casing at the time of expansion,
A reaction force receiver made of a tensile wire led out from the casing pulling side of the water stop plug to the end side opposite to the pulling side of the casing;
A detachable casing withdrawal side end closing member that shields the leading end of the casing on the withdrawal side;
The casing pull-out side end closing member closes the casing member opening at the pull-out side end of the casing, and the length of at least one casing member of the casing is pulled out with the shielding by the water stop plug being released. The horizontal drain material embedding apparatus characterized in that the casing member pulled out in a state where the inside of the casing member in the ground is shielded by the water stop plug is removed.
前記ケーシングの押出し側端部の先端ケーシング部材に対するその直後側の後続ケーシング部材の連結は、引き抜き操作によって両ケーシング部材間が分離される差し込み継手とし、その他のケーシング部材の継手は一方のケーシング部材のソケット部と他方のケーシング部材の差し込み部とをネジ継手によって連結している請求項1に記載の水平ドレーン材の埋設装置。   The connection of the subsequent casing member immediately after it to the front end casing member at the end of the extrusion side of the casing is a bayonet joint that separates the two casing members by a pulling operation, and the other casing member joint is one of the casing members. The horizontal drain material embedding device according to claim 1, wherein the socket portion and the insertion portion of the other casing member are connected by a screw joint. 前記ケーシング引抜側端部閉鎖部材は、前記ケーシング部材の後端のネジ継手に螺嵌させて該ケーシング部材の後端を密閉する蓋体をもって構成している請求項6又は7に記載の水平ドレーン材の埋設装置。   The horizontal drain according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the casing drawing side end closing member has a lid that is screwed into a screw joint at a rear end of the casing member to seal the rear end of the casing member. Material burying equipment. 前記ケーシングの引抜操作側とは反対側の他方の立坑への開口部に、これを遮蔽するケーシング先端遮蔽材を固定し、これに前記ケーシング内止水プラグ反力受けを支持させた請求項6〜8に記載の水平ドレーン材の埋設装置。   The casing front-end | tip shielding material which shields this is fixed to the opening part to the other vertical shaft on the opposite side to the drawing-out operation side of the said casing, The said water stop plug reaction force receptacle in the said casing is supported by this. The horizontal drain material embedding device according to -8.
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JPS6443612A (en) * 1987-08-10 1989-02-15 Komatsu Kensetsu Kogyo Kk Water collecting work
JP2002004769A (en) * 2000-06-22 2002-01-09 Komatsu Ltd Permeable-pipe laying construction method by pipe jacking method and its cutoff device
JP2013011090A (en) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-17 Jtec Corp Installation technique for water collection pipe for horizontal water collection well, and water collection pipe unit

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JP2017025491A (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-02-02 大成建設株式会社 Construction method of water passage, and jacking machine

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