JP2015044228A - Different material joining method, and different material joint body - Google Patents

Different material joining method, and different material joint body Download PDF

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JP2015044228A
JP2015044228A JP2013177556A JP2013177556A JP2015044228A JP 2015044228 A JP2015044228 A JP 2015044228A JP 2013177556 A JP2013177556 A JP 2013177556A JP 2013177556 A JP2013177556 A JP 2013177556A JP 2015044228 A JP2015044228 A JP 2015044228A
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pressure
punching
bonding material
bonding
crimping
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JP6161198B2 (en
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計二 中村
Keiji Nakamura
計二 中村
健輔 坂井
Kensuke Sakai
健輔 坂井
顕子 稲見
Akiko Inami
顕子 稲見
高廣 土田
Takahiro Tsuchida
高廣 土田
坂本　登
Noboru Sakamoto
登 坂本
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Subaru Corp
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Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
    • B21D28/26—Perforating, i.e. punching holes in sheets or flat parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
    • B23K11/20—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded of different metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/34—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/20—Ferrous alloys and aluminium or alloys thereof

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a different material joining method and a different material joint body, allowing different kinds of metal bodies to be easily welded.SOLUTION: A different material joining method includes: a punching process of stacking and punching a press-fitted member 1 and a punching material 2 which contains a metal different from the press-fitted member 1; a press-fitting material arrangement process of arranging press-fitting material 5 formed by punching the punching material 2 in a through-hole H1 formed by punching the press-fitted member 1; a press-fitting process of press-fitting the press-fitting material 5 and the press-fitted material 1, in the through-hole H1; and a joining process of welding the press-fitting material 5 and a different kind metal member 10 which contains the same kind of metal as the press-fitting material 5, or a different kind metal member 10 which contains a metal having a high welding strength with the press-fitting material 5.

Description

本発明は、異材接合方法及び異材接合体に関する。   The present invention relates to a dissimilar material joining method and a dissimilar material joined body.

従来において、例えばスポット溶接で高い接合強度を得ることのできる発明として、マンガン及びケイ素等の元素量、板厚、界面反応層の厚み等を適宜に調整して成る鋼材とアルミニウム材との接合体が知られている（特許文献１の請求項１、［０００５］〜［００１４］、及び図１参照。）。   Conventionally, as an invention capable of obtaining high joint strength by spot welding, for example, a joined body of a steel material and an aluminum material, which is appropriately adjusted in the amount of elements such as manganese and silicon, the plate thickness, the thickness of the interface reaction layer, etc. Is known (see claim 1, [0005] to [0014] of Patent Document 1, and FIG. 1).

特開２００５−１５２９５９号公報JP 2005-152959 A

異種の金属板を接合する場合、上述の発明よりも更に接合強度を上げるには、接合強度の高い材料を適宜に選択して溶接すれば良い。しかしながら、例えば鋼板に対してアルミニウム板は接合時に金属間化合物が形成してしまうことが多いので、接合強度が低下することが多かった。例えば鋼板とアルミニウム板とを接合する場合、アルミニウム板において鋼板との溶接部位に別部材である鋼材を固定して該鋼材と鋼板とを溶接することにより、高い接合強度を確保することもあった。該別部材の固定作業として複数の工程が必要となって、作業効率が低下してしまう虞があった。   In the case of joining different kinds of metal plates, a material having a high joint strength may be appropriately selected and welded in order to further increase the joint strength as compared with the above-described invention. However, for example, an aluminum plate often forms an intermetallic compound at the time of bonding with respect to a steel plate, so that the bonding strength often decreases. For example, when joining a steel plate and an aluminum plate, a high joining strength may be secured by fixing a steel material which is a separate member to the welded portion of the aluminum plate and welding the steel material and the steel plate. . A plurality of processes are required for fixing the separate member, and the work efficiency may be reduced.

よって、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、異種の金属体を容易に溶接可能である異材接合方法及び異材接合体を提供することである。   Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dissimilar material joining method and a dissimilar material joint that can easily weld different kinds of metal bodies.

前記課題を解決するための手段として、本発明に係る異材接合方法は、被圧着部材と、被圧着部材とは異なる金属を含有して成る打抜用材とを重ねて打抜く打抜工程と、打抜用材を打抜いて形成された圧着材を、被圧着部材を打抜いて形成された貫通孔内に配置する圧着材配置工程と、貫通孔において圧着材と被圧着部材とを圧着する圧着工程と、圧着材と、圧着材と同種の金属を含む異種金属部材、又は、圧着材との溶接強度が高い金属を含む異種金属部材と、を溶接する接合工程とを、備える。   As a means for solving the above-described problem, the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention includes a punching step in which a member to be pressed and a punching material containing a metal different from the member to be pressed are punched. A crimping material placement step of placing a crimping material formed by punching a punching material in a through-hole formed by punching a member to be crimped, and a crimping for crimping the crimping material and the member to be crimped in the through-hole. A bonding step of welding the step, a pressure-bonding material, and a dissimilar metal member including the same type of metal as the pressure-bonding material, or a dissimilar metal member including a metal having high welding strength with the pressure-bonding material.

本発明に係る異材接合方法において、圧着材配置工程で圧着材をその打抜方向とは逆方向に移動させて貫通孔内に配置することが好ましい。   In the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pressure-bonding material is moved in the direction opposite to the punching direction in the pressure-bonding material arranging step and arranged in the through hole.

また、本発明に係る異材接合方法において、打抜工程で被圧着部材及び打抜用材を打抜いた打抜部材、並びに、圧着材配置工程で圧着材を配置した配置用部材の少なくともいずれか一方が、圧着工程で圧着材に圧接されて貫通孔の内周面と圧着材の外周面とを圧着する、ことが好ましい。   Further, in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, at least one of a member to be bonded and a punching member obtained by punching the punching material in the punching step and a member for arranging the pressure bonding material in the pressure bonding material arranging step. However, it is preferable that the inner peripheral surface of the through hole and the outer peripheral surface of the pressure-bonding material are pressure-bonded to the pressure-bonding material in the pressure-bonding step.

更に、本発明に係る異材接合方法において、圧着材の厚さは、被圧着部材の貫通孔が形成される部位の厚さよりも大きいことが好ましい。   Furthermore, in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, the thickness of the pressure-bonding material is preferably larger than the thickness of the portion where the through hole of the member to be pressed is formed.

更に、本発明に係る異材接合方法において、圧着材の厚さは、被圧着部材の貫通孔が形成される部位の厚さよりも小さいことが好ましい。   Furthermore, in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, the thickness of the pressure-bonding material is preferably smaller than the thickness of the portion where the through hole of the member to be pressed is formed.

前記課題を解決するための手段として、本発明に係る異材接合体は、貫通孔を有し、金属を含有して成る被圧着部材と、被圧着部材とは異なる金属を含有して成り、貫通孔と同径でかつ平面形状が同形状を成し、貫通孔と圧着されて成る圧着材と、圧着材と同種の金属を含み、又は、圧着材との溶接強度が高い金属を含み、圧着材と溶接されて成る異種金属部材と、を備える。   As a means for solving the above-mentioned problem, the bonded assembly of different materials according to the present invention has a through-hole, a pressure-bonded member containing a metal, and a metal that is different from the pressure-bonded member, and is penetrated. Crimping material that has the same diameter and flat shape as the hole and is crimped to the through hole, and contains the same type of metal as the crimping material, or contains a metal that has high welding strength with the crimping material, and is crimped And a dissimilar metal member welded to the material.

本発明によると、被圧着部材に圧着された圧着材と異種金属部材とを接合するので、結果として被圧着部材と異種金属部材とが容易に溶接可能である異材接合方法及び異材接合体を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, since the pressure-bonded material crimped to the member to be pressed and the dissimilar metal member are joined, as a result, the dissimilar material joining method and the dissimilar material joined body capable of easily welding the member to be pressed and the dissimilar metal member are provided. can do.

図１は、本発明に係る異材接合体が用いられる車両の一部を示す概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a part of a vehicle in which a dissimilar material joined body according to the present invention is used. 図２は、本発明に係る異材接合体が用いられる車両の一部を示す断面概略図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of a vehicle in which the dissimilar material joined body according to the present invention is used. 図３は、本発明に係る異材接合方法が用いられる車両の製造工程を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a vehicle manufacturing process in which the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention is used. 図４（Ａ）及び図４（Ｂ）は、本発明に係る異材接合方法の一実施形態を示す断面概略図である。4 (A) and 4 (B) are schematic cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention. 図５（Ａ）及び図５（Ｂ）は、本発明に係る異材接合方法の一実施形態を示す断面概略図である。FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are schematic cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of a dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention. 図６（Ａ）及び図６（Ｂ）は、本発明に係る異材接合方法の一実施形態を示す断面概略図である。6 (A) and 6 (B) are schematic cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of a dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention. 図７は、本発明に係る異材接合方法の一実施形態を示す断面概略図である。FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention. 図８（Ａ）〜図８（Ｃ）は、本発明に係る異材接合方法で用いられる圧着材を示す平面図である。FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C are plan views showing a pressure-bonding material used in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention. 図９は、本発明に係る異材接合方法の一実施形態における圧着工程の説明図である。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a crimping process in one embodiment of the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention.

本発明に係る異材接合方法及び異材接合体の一実施形態について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。   One embodiment of a dissimilar material joining method and a dissimilar material joined body according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

（１）車両における本発明の適用部位
本発明に係る異材接合方法は、例えば車両のボディ部分及びルーフ部分等を製造する際に異なる種類の金属間の溶接が必要となる部位に適用することができる。本発明に係る異材接合方法の一実施形態を適用可能な部位の一例として、図１及び２に車体の側部となる構造体を示した。 (1) Application part of the present invention in a vehicle The dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention can be applied to a part that requires welding between different types of metals when manufacturing a vehicle body part, a roof part, and the like, for example. it can. As an example of a part to which an embodiment of the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention can be applied, FIGS. 1 and 2 show a structure serving as a side part of a vehicle body.

図１に示すように、前後方向に延在する表皮部材のサイドシル１０１と、サイドシル１０１の前端部から上方に延在するヒンジピラー１０２と、サイドシル１０１の中央部から上方に延在するセンターピラー１０３とが一体的に形成されている。また、図１のＡ部分の断面斜視図である図２に示すように、サイドシル１０１、ヒンジピラー１０２、及びセンターピラー１０３の内部には、中間部材であるサイドシルレインフォースメント１０５、ヒンジピラーレインフォースメント（図２には図示せず）、及びセンターピラーレインフォースメント（図２には図示せず）等が設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the side sill 101 of the skin member extending in the front-rear direction, the hinge pillar 102 extending upward from the front end portion of the side sill 101, and the center pillar 103 extending upward from the center portion of the side sill 101, Are integrally formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 which is a cross-sectional perspective view of a portion A in FIG. 1, a side sill reinforcement 105 which is an intermediate member and a hinge pillar reinforcement are provided inside the side sill 101, the hinge pillar 102, and the center pillar 103. (Not shown in FIG. 2), a center pillar reinforcement (not shown in FIG. 2), and the like are provided.

図２に示すように、サイドシル１０１は、車内側の表皮部材であるサイドシルインナ１０１ａと、車外側の表皮部材であるサイドシルアウタ１０１ｂとを有している。サイドシルインナ１０１ａ及びサイドシルアウタ１０１ｂの内部には、サイドシル１０１の補強用部材であるインナレインフォースメント１０５ａ及びアウタレインフォースメント１０５ｂが配設されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the side sill 101 includes a side sill inner 101 a that is a skin member on the inside of the vehicle and a side sill outer 101 b that is a skin member on the outside of the vehicle. Inside the side sill inner 101a and the side sill outer 101b, an inner reinforcement 105a and an outer reinforcement 105b, which are reinforcing members for the side sill 101, are disposed.

サイドシルインナ１０１ａ及びサイドシルアウタ１０１ｂと、インナレインフォースメント１０５ａ及びアウタレインフォースメント１０５ｂとは、溶接によって接合されるが、それぞれが異なる金属で形成されていることが多く、直接溶接しようとしても高い溶接強度を確保することが困難であった。   The side sill inner 101a and the side sill outer 101b and the inner reinforcement 105a and the outer reinforcement 105b are joined by welding, but they are often formed of different metals, and high welding is attempted even if direct welding is attempted. It was difficult to ensure strength.

本実施形態に係る異材接合方法は、例えばサイドシルインナ１０１ａ及びサイドシルアウタ１０１ｂ、又は、インナレインフォースメント１０５ａ及びアウタレインフォースメント１０５ｂの溶接される部位に適用することができる。   The dissimilar material joining method according to the present embodiment can be applied to, for example, the side sill inner 101a and the side sill outer 101b, or the parts to be welded of the inner reinforcement 105a and the outer reinforcement 105b.

（２）車両製造時における本発明の適用時期
本発明に係る異材接合方法は、例えば車両のボディ部分及びルーフ部分等に成る部品をプレス成形する際、及びプレス成形した部品を溶接する際に適用することができる。図３には、車両の製造工程を示すフローチャートを示した。 (2) Application time of the present invention at the time of vehicle manufacture The dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention is applied, for example, when press-molding parts constituting a vehicle body part, a roof part, etc., and when welding press-formed parts. can do. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the vehicle manufacturing process.

図３に示すように、車両の製造工程としては、例えば部品プレス成形工程Ｓ１、車体溶接工程Ｓ２、車体塗装工程Ｓ３、及び組付工程Ｓ４を挙げることができる。部品プレス成形工程Ｓ１は、ボディ部分及びルーフ部分となる部品をそれぞれの形状にプレス成形する工程である。車体溶接工程Ｓ２は、部品プレス成形工程Ｓ１でプレス成形された複数の部品を集めて溶接する工程である。車体塗装工程Ｓ３は、溶接されて外形がある程度完成したボディ部分及びルーフ部分等の外面を塗装する工程である。組付工程Ｓ４は、塗装体にエンジン、タイヤ、補機、及び内装材等を取り付ける工程である。   As shown in FIG. 3, examples of the vehicle manufacturing process include a component press molding process S1, a vehicle body welding process S2, a vehicle body painting process S3, and an assembly process S4. The part press molding step S1 is a step of press molding the parts to be the body part and the roof part into respective shapes. The vehicle body welding step S2 is a step of collecting and welding a plurality of parts press-formed in the part press-forming step S1. The vehicle body painting step S3 is a step of painting outer surfaces such as a body part and a roof part, which have been welded to complete the outer shape to some extent. Assembly process S4 is a process of attaching an engine, tires, auxiliary equipment, interior materials, and the like to the painted body.

本実施形態に係る異材接合方法は、部品プレス成形工程Ｓ１のプレス成形時から車体溶接工程Ｓ２の溶接時までの間に適用することができる。具体的には、図２に示したサイドシルインナ１０１ａ及びサイドシルアウタ１０１ｂ、又は、インナレインフォースメント１０５ａ及びアウタレインフォースメント１０５ｂをプレス成形する際、並びに、プレス成形された各部品において異なる種類の金属間の溶接をする際において適用することができる。   The dissimilar material joining method according to the present embodiment can be applied between the press molding in the component press molding step S1 and the welding in the vehicle body welding step S2. Specifically, when the side sill inner 101a and the side sill outer 101b or the inner reinforcement 105a and the outer reinforcement 105b shown in FIG. 2 are press-molded, and different types of metals are used in the press-molded parts. It can be applied when welding between.

車両の製造工程における部品プレス成形工程Ｓ１で本発明に係る異材接合方法を適用していれば、車体溶接工程Ｓ２に供される部品において、異なる種類の金属間の溶接が必要な部位には前記圧着材が圧着されていることになる。上記溶接が必要な部位に前記圧着材が圧着されていることにより、通常の車体溶接工程Ｓ２を実行するだけで、本実施形態に係る異材接合方法の接合工程が実行されることになる。   If the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention is applied in the component press forming step S1 in the vehicle manufacturing process, the parts provided in the vehicle body welding step S2 may include the above-described parts that require welding between different types of metals. The crimping material is crimped. Since the pressure-bonding material is pressure-bonded to the portion that requires welding, the joining step of the dissimilar material joining method according to the present embodiment is executed only by performing the normal vehicle body welding step S2.

（３）異材接合方法の各工程の概要
先ず、本実施形態に係る異材接合方法について、図４〜図７を参照しつつ説明する。図４〜図７は、本発明に係る異材接合方法の一実施形態を示した概略図である。 (3) Overview of Steps of Dissimilar Material Joining Method First, the dissimilar material joining method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4-7 is the schematic which showed one Embodiment of the dissimilar material joining method based on this invention.

本実施形態に係る異材接合方法は、図４に示す打抜工程と、図５に示す圧着材配置工程と、図６に示す圧着工程と、図７に示す接合工程とを備える。   The dissimilar material joining method according to this embodiment includes a punching process shown in FIG. 4, a crimping material arranging process shown in FIG. 5, a crimping process shown in FIG. 6, and a joining process shown in FIG.

なお、図４（Ａ）に示す被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２は、本実施形態に係る異材接合方法のどの工程も実行されていない初期状態であるので、貫通孔が形成されていない。図４（Ａ）に示すパンチ部材３は駆動しておらず、先端部が被圧着部材１に接触している。また、圧着材保持部材４は、パンチ部材３と同様に駆動しておらず、先端部が打抜用材２に接触している。パンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４は、各軸線が一致するように配置された、同径かつ平面形状が同形状の棒状部材である。パンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４は、図示しない駆動源によってそれぞれの軸線に沿って移動することのできる部材、つまり被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２の板厚方向に移動可能な部材である。また、パンチ部材３は、その軸線に沿って被圧着部材１を貫通する方向に移動することによって、被圧着部材１に後述の貫通孔を形成することができるようになっている。   In addition, since the to-be-bonded member 1 and the punching material 2 illustrated in FIG. 4A are in an initial state in which no steps of the dissimilar material joining method according to the present embodiment are performed, no through holes are formed. The punch member 3 shown in FIG. 4A is not driven, and the tip portion is in contact with the member 1 to be bonded. Further, the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 is not driven in the same manner as the punch member 3, and the tip portion is in contact with the punching material 2. The punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 are rod-like members having the same diameter and the same planar shape, which are arranged so that the respective axes coincide with each other. The punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 are members that can be moved along their respective axes by a driving source (not shown), that is, members that are movable in the plate thickness direction of the pressure-bonded member 1 and the punching material 2. . Moreover, the punch member 3 can form a through-hole, which will be described later, in the member 1 to be pressed by moving in the direction of penetrating the member 1 to be pressed along its axis.

被圧着部材１は、金属を含有して成る板状部材である。また、打抜用材２は、被圧着部材１とは異なる金属を含有して成る板状部材である。被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２は、後述の打抜工程、圧着材配置工程、圧着工程及び接合工程において、図示しないクランプ等によって固定されていることが好ましい。なお、被圧着部材１は、本発明に係る異材接合方法及び異材接合体における被圧着部材の一例である。打抜用材２は、本発明に係る異材接合方法における打抜用材の一例である。また、圧着材保持部材４は、本発明に係る異材接合方法における配置用部材の一例である。   The member 1 to be bonded is a plate-shaped member containing a metal. The punching material 2 is a plate-shaped member containing a metal different from the member 1 to be bonded. The to-be-bonded member 1 and the punching material 2 are preferably fixed by a clamp or the like (not shown) in a punching process, a pressing material arranging process, a pressing process, and a joining process described later. In addition, the to-be-bonded member 1 is an example of the to-be-bonded member in the dissimilar material joining method and dissimilar material joined body according to the present invention. The punching material 2 is an example of a punching material in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention. Moreover, the crimping | compression-bonding material holding member 4 is an example of the member for arrangement | positioning in the different material joining method which concerns on this invention.

被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２の材料の組合せとしては、通常の抵抗溶接等では高い接合強度の確保が困難である金属の組合せを採用することができる。特に、通常の抵抗溶接等を行った場合に、金属間化合物が形成されてしまうことにより高い接合強度を得難い金属の組合せであるのが好ましい。高い接合強度が得難い金属の組合せを採用する理由は、本実施形態に係る異材接合方法の説明と共に後述する。被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２の材料の組合せとして、例えば被圧着部材１に含まれる金属がアルミニウム又はアルミニウム系材料であり、打抜用材２に含まれる金属が鉄又は鉄系材料である組合せ、及び、被圧着部材１に含まれる金属が鉄又は鉄系材料であり、打抜用材２に含まれる金属がアルミニウム又はアルミニウム系材料である組合せ等を挙げることができる。アルミニウム系材料としては、例えばマグネシウム、マンガン、ケイ素及び鉄から成る群より選択される少なくとも一つを含むアルミニウムを挙げることができる。   As a material combination of the member 1 to be bonded and the material 2 for punching, a combination of metals which is difficult to ensure high joint strength by ordinary resistance welding or the like can be employed. In particular, when ordinary resistance welding or the like is performed, a combination of metals in which it is difficult to obtain high joint strength due to the formation of an intermetallic compound is preferable. The reason for adopting a metal combination that is difficult to obtain high bonding strength will be described later together with the description of the dissimilar material bonding method according to the present embodiment. As a combination of the material of the member 1 to be pressed and the material 2 for punching, for example, the metal included in the member 1 to be pressed is aluminum or an aluminum-based material, and the metal included in the material 2 for punching is iron or an iron-based material. And a combination in which the metal contained in the member 1 to be bonded is iron or an iron-based material and the metal contained in the punching material 2 is aluminum or an aluminum-based material. Examples of the aluminum-based material include aluminum containing at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium, manganese, silicon, and iron.

打抜工程は、被圧着部材１と打抜用材２とを重ねた上で、被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２を打抜く工程である。図４（Ｂ）は、打抜工程を行った状態を示している。   The punching step is a step of punching the member 1 and the punching material 2 after the member 1 and the punching material 2 are stacked. FIG. 4B shows a state where the punching process has been performed.

詳述すると、打抜工程において、図４（Ｂ）に示すように、被圧着部材１と打抜用材２とを重ねた上で、パンチ部材３をその軸線に沿って、被圧着部材１の接触面から反対側の面に向かって被圧着部材１を貫通するように移動させる。なお、パンチ部材３の移動方向は、白色の矢印として図４（Ｂ）に示している。パンチ部材３の移動により、パンチ部材３が被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２を打抜く。打抜工程を実行すると、重ねられた被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２が同時又は略同時に打抜かれるので、被圧着部材１に貫通孔Ｈ１が形成されると共に、打抜用材２に貫通孔Ｈ２が形成される。   More specifically, in the punching step, as shown in FIG. 4B, after the member 1 and the punching material 2 are stacked, the punch member 3 is moved along the axis of the member 1 to be pressed. It moves so that the to-be-crimped member 1 may be penetrated toward the surface on the opposite side from a contact surface. The moving direction of the punch member 3 is shown in FIG. 4B as a white arrow. By the movement of the punch member 3, the punch member 3 punches out the member 1 and the punching material 2. When the punching step is executed, the stacked pressure-bonded member 1 and the punching material 2 are punched simultaneously or substantially simultaneously, so that the through-hole H1 is formed in the pressure-bonded member 1 and the punching material 2 has a through-hole. H2 is formed.

パンチ部材３の打抜きによって、被圧着部材１の貫通孔Ｈ１が形成された部位が盤状部材６として打抜かれる。また、パンチ部材３の打抜きによって、打抜用材２の貫通孔Ｈ２が形成された部位が圧着材５として打抜かれる。圧着材５は、本発明に係る異材接合方法及び異材接合体における圧着材の一例である。   By punching the punch member 3, the portion where the through-hole H <b> 1 of the member to be bonded 1 is formed is punched as a plate-like member 6. Further, by punching the punch member 3, a portion where the through hole H <b> 2 of the punching material 2 is formed is punched as the pressure-bonding material 5. The crimping | compression-bonding material 5 is an example of the crimping | bonding material in the dissimilar-material joining method and dissimilar-materials joined body which concern on this invention.

なお、パンチ部材３による被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２の打抜きを行う際には、パンチ部材３とは逆方向に、パンチ部材３と同一速度で圧着材保持部材４が移動する。よって、打抜かれた圧着材５及び盤状部材６は、重なった状態で、パンチ部材３の先端部と圧着材保持部材４の先端部とに挟持された状態となる。   When punching the member 1 and the punching material 2 by the punch member 3, the press member holding member 4 moves at the same speed as the punch member 3 in the opposite direction to the punch member 3. Therefore, the punched pressure bonding material 5 and the plate-like member 6 are sandwiched between the tip end portion of the punch member 3 and the tip end portion of the pressure bonding material holding member 4 in an overlapping state.

圧着材保持部材４は、後述の圧着材配置工程及び圧着工程が実行されるまで、少なくとも圧着材５を保持可能な部材である。   The pressure-bonding material holding member 4 is a member that can hold at least the pressure-bonding material 5 until a pressure-bonding material arranging step and a pressure-bonding step described later are executed.

打抜用材２が水平に設置されて鉛直方向に打抜く場合は、圧着材保持部材４はその軸線に沿って移動可能な単なる棒状部材であれば良い。図４（Ｂ）に示すように、打抜工程を実行して鉛直方向に打抜いた場合、圧着材５が圧着材保持部材４の先端面に裁置された状態となる。圧着材保持部材４に傾斜、衝撃又は振動等が加わらない限り、鉛直方向に打抜かれた圧着材５は自重によって圧着材保持部材４に裁置された状態を維持するので、圧着材５をパンチ部材３と圧着材保持部材４とにより挟持し続けることは必須ではない。もっとも、パンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４による圧着材５の挟持を、圧着材５の保持としても良い。   When the punching material 2 is installed horizontally and punched in the vertical direction, the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 may be a simple rod-shaped member that can move along its axis. As shown in FIG. 4B, when the punching process is performed and punched in the vertical direction, the pressure-bonding material 5 is placed on the tip surface of the pressure-bonding material holding member 4. Unless the inclination, impact, vibration or the like is applied to the pressure-bonding member holding member 4, the pressure-bonding material 5 punched in the vertical direction maintains the state of being placed on the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 by its own weight. It is not essential to continue to hold the member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4. However, the pressing member 5 may be held by the punch member 3 and the pressing member holding member 4.

仮に、被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２を垂直に立て、パンチ部材３の打抜き方向を水平にする場合は、打抜かれた圧着材５を保持する適宜の手段を圧着材保持部材４の先端部に設けることにより、圧着材５を後述の圧着材配置工程及び圧着工程まで保持することができる。少なくとも圧着材５を保持する手段としては、例えば、負圧によって圧着材５を保持する吸引装置若しくは吸盤、平滑な部材を繰り返し着脱可能なエラストマー、及び、圧着材５が磁力に反応する場合は磁石等を挙げることができる。   If the pressed member 1 and the punching material 2 are set up vertically and the punching direction of the punch member 3 is made horizontal, an appropriate means for holding the punched pressing member 5 is used as the tip of the pressing member holding member 4. By providing in, the crimping | compression-bonding material 5 can be hold | maintained to the below-mentioned crimping | bonding-material arrangement | positioning process and crimping | compression-bonding process. As a means for holding at least the pressure-bonding material 5, for example, a suction device or a suction cup that holds the pressure-bonding material 5 by a negative pressure, an elastomer that can repeatedly attach and detach a smooth member, and a magnet when the pressure-bonding material 5 reacts to a magnetic force Etc.

打抜工程において形成された圧着材５は、貫通孔Ｈ１と同径でかつ平面形状が同形状を成す。図４に示した実施形態においては、パンチ部材３が被圧着部材１を打抜くことにより、貫通孔Ｈ１が形成される。また、貫通孔Ｈ１を形成したパンチ部材３が打抜用材２も打抜くことにより、貫通孔Ｈ１と同径でかつ平面形状が同形状を成す圧着材５が形成される。   The pressure-bonding material 5 formed in the punching step has the same diameter as the through hole H1 and the planar shape thereof. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the punch member 3 punches the member 1 to be bonded, whereby the through hole H <b> 1 is formed. Moreover, when the punch member 3 in which the through hole H1 is formed also punches the punching material 2, the pressure-bonding material 5 having the same diameter as the through hole H1 and the same planar shape is formed.

ここで、本実施形態に係る異材接合方法及び板材における被圧着部材に形成される貫通孔と圧着材との径及び平面形状について、図８を参照しつつ説明する。図８（Ａ）〜図８（Ｃ）は、様々な形状を成す圧着材の平面図である。   Here, the diameter and planar shape of the through-hole formed in the to-be-bonded member in a board | plate material and the crimping | compression-bonding material in this embodiment are demonstrated, referring FIG. FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C are plan views of pressure-bonding materials having various shapes.

先ず、本発明に係る異材接合方法において、被圧着部材に形成される貫通孔と、打抜用材を打抜いて形成される圧着材との径及び平面形状は、適宜に選択、決定することができる。貫通孔及び圧着材の径と平面形状を同一にするには、貫通孔及び圧着材の一方を形成した方法及び部材を用いて、他方を同様に形成することによって達成される。具体的には、図４に示した実施形態のように、パンチ部材３という一つの部材を用いて被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２を打抜くことにより、貫通孔Ｈ１と圧着材５との径及び平面形状を同一にするのが好ましい。また、貫通孔及び圧着材の径は、それぞれを平面視した場合に、任意に選択した部位の大きさを以って径とすることができる。   First, in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, the diameter and planar shape of the through hole formed in the member to be bonded and the pressure bonding material formed by punching the punching material can be appropriately selected and determined. it can. In order to make the diameter and the planar shape of the through-hole and the pressure-bonding material the same, it is achieved by forming the other in the same manner using the method and member in which one of the through-hole and the pressure-bonding material is formed. Specifically, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, by punching the member 1 and the punching material 2 using a single member called the punch member 3, The diameter and the planar shape are preferably the same. Further, the diameters of the through hole and the pressure-bonding material can be set to the diameters according to the sizes of the arbitrarily selected portions when viewed in plan.

図８（Ａ）に示す圧着材５１は、平面形状が円形を成す。圧着材５１の径Ｄ１は、円の直径である。図８（Ｂ）に示す圧着材５２は、平面形状が矩形を成す。圧着材５２の径Ｄ２は、圧着材５２の一辺の大きさである。また、圧着材５２の別の径として、圧着材５２の対角線の大きさを圧着材５３の径Ｄ３とすることもできる。図８（Ｃ）に示す圧着材５３は、平面形状が六角形を成す。圧着材５３の径Ｄ４は、圧着材５３の一辺の大きさである。また、圧着材５３の別の径として、圧着材５３の対角線の大きさを圧着材５３の径Ｄ５又は径Ｄ６とすることもできる。   The pressure bonding material 51 shown in FIG. 8A has a circular planar shape. The diameter D1 of the pressure bonding material 51 is a diameter of a circle. The pressure bonding material 52 shown in FIG. 8B has a rectangular planar shape. The diameter D <b> 2 of the pressure bonding material 52 is the size of one side of the pressure bonding material 52. In addition, as another diameter of the pressure bonding material 52, the size of the diagonal line of the pressure bonding material 52 can be set to the diameter D 3 of the pressure bonding material 53. The pressure bonding material 53 shown in FIG. 8C has a hexagonal plan shape. The diameter D4 of the pressure bonding material 53 is the size of one side of the pressure bonding material 53. In addition, as another diameter of the pressure bonding material 53, the size of the diagonal line of the pressure bonding material 53 can be set to the diameter D 5 or the diameter D 6 of the pressure bonding material 53.

図８（Ａ）〜図８（Ｃ）において異なる３つの形状を有する圧着材を示したが、本発明に係る異材接合方法、板材、及び異材接合方法においては、被圧着部材に形成される貫通孔及び圧着材の平面形状に制限は無い。もっとも、適切な圧着材の平面形状を選択することによって、本発明に係る異材接合方法が円滑に達成され、圧着材を材料の無駄なく形成可能になるので、作業効率の向上、使用材料削減等の観点から好ましい。   8A to 8C show the pressure bonding materials having three different shapes. However, in the different material bonding method, the plate material, and the different material bonding method according to the present invention, the penetration formed in the member to be pressed is used. There are no restrictions on the planar shape of the holes and the pressure-bonding material. However, by selecting an appropriate plane shape of the pressure-bonding material, the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention can be achieved smoothly, and the pressure-bonding material can be formed without waste of materials, so that work efficiency is improved, material usage is reduced, etc. From the viewpoint of

前記打抜工程に続いて、圧着材配置工程が実行される。図５（Ａ）に示す圧着材配置工程は、圧着材５を貫通孔Ｈ１内に配置する工程である。具体的には、圧着材配置工程は、打抜用材２を打抜いて形成された圧着材５を打抜き方向とは逆方向に移動させ、被圧着部材１を打抜いて形成された貫通孔Ｈ１内に圧着材５を配置する工程である。   Subsequent to the punching step, a pressure-bonding material arranging step is performed. The crimping material arrangement step shown in FIG. 5A is a step of arranging the crimping material 5 in the through hole H1. Specifically, in the pressure-bonding material arranging step, the pressure-sensitive material 5 formed by punching the punching material 2 is moved in the direction opposite to the punching direction, and the pressure-bonded member 1 is punched to form a through hole H1. This is a step of placing the pressure-bonding material 5 inside.

上述したように、打抜工程が完了した状態においては、パンチ部材３と圧着材保持部材４とが圧着材５及び盤状部材６を挟持している。該挟持を維持しつつ、圧着材５が打抜用材２の貫通孔Ｈ２内を挿通する方向に圧着材保持部材４を移動させる。圧着材保持部材４の移動方向は、圧着材保持部材４の軸線に沿っており、白色の矢印として図４（Ｃ）に示している。圧着材保持部材４が移動することにより、パンチ部材３と圧着材保持部材４とに挟持された圧着材５及び盤状部材６が、圧着材保持部材４と共に移動する。   As described above, when the punching process is completed, the punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 sandwich the pressure-sensitive material 5 and the plate-like member 6. The pressure-bonding material holding member 4 is moved in a direction in which the pressure-bonding material 5 is inserted through the through hole H2 of the punching material 2 while maintaining the clamping. The moving direction of the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 is along the axis of the pressure-bonding material holding member 4, and is shown as a white arrow in FIG. As the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 moves, the pressure-bonding material 5 and the plate-like member 6 sandwiched between the punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 move together with the pressure-bonding material holding member 4.

圧着材保持部材４の移動は、圧着材５が打抜用材２の貫通孔Ｈ２を通過して、貫通孔Ｈ１内に収まった時点で停止する。圧着材保持部材４の移動の停止によって、圧着材配置工程が完了する。貫通孔Ｈ１内に圧着材５が収まったとみなす位置、換言すると圧着材保持部材４の停止位置は、後述の圧着工程が支障なく実行することができる限り特に制限されない。圧着材保持部材４の停止位置として、例えば被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２の接触面と、圧着材保持部材４及び圧着材５の接触面とが面一になる位置、又は、被圧着部材１における被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２の接触面とは反対側の面と、圧着材５及び盤状部材６の接触面とが面一になる位置等を採用することができる。   The movement of the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 stops when the pressure-bonding material 5 passes through the through-hole H2 of the punching material 2 and falls within the through-hole H1. By stopping the movement of the pressure-bonding material holding member 4, the pressure-bonding material arranging step is completed. The position at which the pressure bonding material 5 is regarded as being contained in the through hole H1, in other words, the stop position of the pressure bonding material holding member 4 is not particularly limited as long as the pressure bonding process described later can be performed without hindrance. As a stop position of the pressure-bonding material holding member 4, for example, a position where the contact surface of the pressure-bonded member 1 and the punching material 2 is flush with the contact surface of the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 and the pressure-bonding material 5, or a pressure-bonded member The position etc. which the surface on the opposite side to the contact surface of the to-be-compressed member 1 and the punching material 2 in 1 and the contact surface of the crimping | compression-bonding material 5 and the disk-shaped member 6 become flush | level can be employ | adopted.

圧着材配置工程の次に圧着工程が実行されるが、該圧着工程の準備工程として、図５（Ｂ）に示すように、圧着工程において必須の部材ではない盤状部材６を除くことが好ましい。圧着材配置工程が完了した状態においては、圧着材５とパンチ部材３との間に盤状部材６が挟持されているので、貫通孔Ｈ１内に圧着材５が配置されると、貫通孔Ｈ１から盤状部材６が押し出された状態となる。圧着工程の準備工程では、例えば図５（Ｂ）に示すように、パンチ部材３をその軸線に沿って盤状部材６から離れる方向に移動させ、盤状部材６に対する挟持を解除した上で、手動又は適宜の機械的手段によって盤状部材６が除かれる。   The crimping process is executed next to the crimping material arranging process. As a preparation process of the crimping process, it is preferable to remove the disc-like member 6 that is not an essential member in the crimping process, as shown in FIG. . In the state where the pressure bonding material arranging step is completed, the plate-like member 6 is sandwiched between the pressure bonding material 5 and the punch member 3, and therefore when the pressure bonding material 5 is arranged in the through hole H1, the through hole H1. Then, the disk-like member 6 is pushed out. In the preparatory process of the crimping process, for example, as shown in FIG. 5B, the punch member 3 is moved in the direction away from the disk-shaped member 6 along its axis, and the clamping to the disk-shaped member 6 is released. The disc-like member 6 is removed manually or by appropriate mechanical means.

なお、本発明に係る異材接合方法においては、上記盤状部材６等の本来的には圧着工程に必須ではない部材を除くことなく圧着工程を実行して、圧着材の被圧着部材に対する圧着が問題なく達成可能であるのであれば、図５（Ｂ）に例示した盤状部材６の除去作業は不要である。この場合、圧着工程後の接合工程を実行する前に、打抜用材、パンチ部材、圧着材保持部材等の部材と共に、盤状部材も除けば良い。   In the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, the crimping process is performed without removing the members that are not essentially essential for the crimping process, such as the plate-like member 6, and the crimping of the crimping material to the member to be crimped is performed. If it can be achieved without problems, the operation of removing the plate-like member 6 illustrated in FIG. 5B is not necessary. In this case, before executing the joining step after the crimping step, the plate-like member may be removed together with members such as the punching material, the punch member, and the crimping material holding member.

圧着材配置工程の次に実行される圧着工程は、被圧着部材１の貫通孔Ｈ１の内周面と圧着材５の外周面とを圧着する工程である。圧着工程については、図６（Ａ）に示しているが、図９に図６（Ａ）の一部拡大断面図を示したので、図９を参照しつつ説明する。なお、図９では前記打抜用材２を省略している。また、貫通孔Ｈ１と圧着材５とは同径になるように形成されているので、貫通孔Ｈ１の内周面７と圧着材５の外周面８との間に間隙が生じない又は生じても微小であるが、説明及び理解の促進のために間隙を設けて図示している。   The crimping process performed next to the crimping material arranging process is a process of crimping the inner peripheral surface of the through hole H1 of the member 1 to be bonded and the outer peripheral surface of the crimping material 5. The crimping process is shown in FIG. 6A, but FIG. 9 shows a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 6A, and will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 9, the punching material 2 is omitted. Further, since the through hole H1 and the pressure bonding material 5 are formed so as to have the same diameter, there is no or no gap between the inner peripheral surface 7 of the through hole H1 and the outer peripheral surface 8 of the pressure bonding material 5. Although it is very small, a gap is provided for the sake of explanation and understanding.

圧着工程において、パンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４がそれぞれの軸線に沿って、相互に近づく方向に移動しようとする。パンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４が移動しようとする方向が、白色の矢印として図９に示されている。パンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４がそれぞれ移動しようとすると、圧着材５がパンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４によって押圧されることになる。圧着材５がパンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４から押圧されると、圧着材５の外周面８から外側に向かって応力が逃げようとする。該応力の方向が、黒色の矢印として図９に示されている。被圧着部材１に形成された貫通孔Ｈ１と圧着材５とは同径であるので、圧着材５の外周面８から外側に向かって逃げようとする応力が貫通孔Ｈ１の内周面７に直接作用することになる。   In the pressure-bonding step, the punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 try to move in the directions approaching each other along the respective axes. The direction in which the punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 are about to move is shown in FIG. 9 as white arrows. When the punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 try to move, the pressure-bonding material 5 is pressed by the punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4. When the pressure bonding material 5 is pressed from the punch member 3 and the pressure bonding material holding member 4, the stress tends to escape from the outer peripheral surface 8 of the pressure bonding material 5 toward the outside. The direction of the stress is shown as a black arrow in FIG. Since the through-hole H1 formed in the member 1 to be bonded and the pressure-bonding material 5 have the same diameter, the stress that tends to escape outward from the outer peripheral surface 8 of the pressure-bonding material 5 is applied to the inner peripheral surface 7 of the through-hole H1. It will work directly.

圧着材５の外周面８が外側に向かって変形する程度又は変形し始める程度に、パンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４が圧着材５を押圧することによって、貫通孔Ｈ１の内周面７と圧着材５の外周面８とが圧着状態と成る。図６（Ａ）及び図９に示した実施形態においては、図４（Ｂ）に示した打抜工程で被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２を打抜いたパンチ部材３、並びに、図５（Ａ）に示した圧着材配置工程で圧着材５を配置した圧着材保持部材４の少なくともいずれか一方が、圧着工程で圧着材５に圧接されることにより、圧着が達成される。すなわち、打抜工程及び圧着材配置工程で用いた部材を圧着工程においても用いることができるので、本実施形態に係る異材接合方法を実現する装置の簡略化に寄与するだけでなく、異なる部材を用いた場合の部材交換に係る工程数を削減することができる。   The punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 press the pressure-bonding material 5 to such an extent that the outer peripheral surface 8 of the pressure-bonding material 5 is deformed toward the outside or starts to deform. The outer peripheral surface 8 of the pressure-bonding material 5 is in a pressure-bonded state. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6A and 9, the punch member 3 obtained by punching the member 1 and the punching material 2 in the punching step shown in FIG. 4B, and FIG. At least one of the pressure-bonding material holding members 4 in which the pressure-bonding material 5 is disposed in the pressure-bonding material arranging step shown in A) is brought into pressure contact with the pressure-bonding material 5 in the pressure-bonding step, whereby pressure bonding is achieved. That is, since the member used in the punching step and the pressure bonding material arranging step can be used in the pressure bonding step, not only contributes to simplification of the apparatus for realizing the dissimilar material bonding method according to the present embodiment, but also different members. When used, the number of steps related to member replacement can be reduced.

更に、打抜工程及び圧着材配置工程で用いたパンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４を圧着工程でも用いることにより、パンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４の端面と、貫通孔Ｈ１及び圧着材５とは同径でかつ平面形状が同一であるので、圧着材５の両端面全体が均一に押圧される。圧着材５の両端面全体に対する均一な押圧によって、圧着材５が変形するとしてもその板厚方向に若干小さくなる程度であり、圧着材５が受ける応力が貫通孔Ｈ１の内周面に全て伝わることになる。つまり、圧着材５の端面における不均一な押圧によって、圧着材５の一部が圧着前に意図しない変形を生じてしまい、後述の接合工程が正常に実行できなくなるということが防止可能である。   Further, by using the punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 used in the punching process and the pressure-bonding material arranging process also in the pressure-bonding process, the end surfaces of the punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4, the through-hole H1 and the pressure-bonding material 5 are used. Are the same diameter and have the same planar shape, so that both end faces of the pressure-bonding material 5 are uniformly pressed. Even if the pressure-bonding material 5 is deformed by the uniform pressing to the entire both end surfaces of the pressure-bonding material 5, the pressure-sensitive material 5 is slightly reduced in the thickness direction, and the stress received by the pressure-bonding material 5 is transmitted to the inner peripheral surface of the through hole H1. It will be. That is, it is possible to prevent a non-intentional deformation on the end surface of the pressure-bonding material 5 from causing an unintended deformation of a part of the pressure-bonding material 5 before pressure bonding, and the later-described joining process cannot be performed normally.

パンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４が圧着材５を押圧する力の大きさは、要求される貫通孔Ｈ１の内周面７と圧着材５の外周面８との圧着強度に基づいて決定することができる。該圧着強度については、車両製造時に被圧着部材１に加わる衝撃及び振動等によっても圧着材５が被圧着部材１から脱離しない強度を有していれば良い。   The magnitude of the force with which the punch member 3 and the pressure-bonding material holding member 4 press the pressure-bonding material 5 is determined based on the required pressure-bonding strength between the inner peripheral surface 7 of the through-hole H1 and the outer peripheral surface 8 of the pressure-bonding material 5. be able to. The pressure-bonding strength is not limited as long as the pressure-bonding material 5 does not detach from the pressure-bonded member 1 due to impact and vibration applied to the pressure-bonded member 1 during vehicle manufacture.

なお、圧着し易い金属の組合せ、及び圧着し難い金属の組合せが存在する。よって、要求される圧着強度が決定された場合、該圧着強度の実現に必要な圧着材５を押圧する力は、被圧着部材１及び圧着材５の材料によって異なるので、被圧着部材１及び圧着材５の材料に応じて適宜に決定するのが良い。   There are combinations of metals that are easy to crimp and metals that are difficult to crimp. Therefore, when the required pressure bonding strength is determined, the force for pressing the pressure bonding material 5 necessary for realizing the pressure bonding strength varies depending on the material of the pressure bonding member 1 and the pressure bonding material 5, and therefore the pressure bonding member 1 and pressure bonding It is preferable to determine appropriately according to the material of the material 5.

図６（Ａ）及び図９に示した実施形態においては、圧着材５はパンチ部材３及び圧着材保持部材４から押圧されている。本発明に係る異材接合方法においては、圧着材の一端面に面接触する固定部材を取付け、圧着材の他端面のみから押圧するようにしても良い。   In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6A and 9, the pressure bonding material 5 is pressed from the punch member 3 and the pressure bonding material holding member 4. In the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, a fixing member that is in surface contact with one end surface of the pressure-bonding material may be attached and pressed only from the other end surface of the pressure-bonding material.

圧着工程の次に接合工程が実行されるが、該接合工程の準備工程として、図６（Ｂ）に示すように、接合工程において必須の部材ではない部材を除くことが好ましい。詳述すると、図６（Ｂ）に示すように、圧着工程の完了後には、パンチ部材３、圧着材保持部材４、一部が圧着材として打抜かれて成る打抜用材２を、圧着材５が圧着されて成る被圧着部材１から脱離させることが好ましい。   Although a joining process is performed next to the crimping process, as a preparation process of the joining process, it is preferable to remove members that are not essential members in the joining process as shown in FIG. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 6B, after completion of the crimping process, the punch member 3, the crimping material holding member 4, and the punching material 2 partially punched as the crimping material are used as the crimping material 5. Is preferably detached from the member 1 to be bonded formed by pressure bonding.

前記圧着工程に続いて接合工程が実行される。図７に示す接合工程おいては、板材９の圧着材５と、異種金属部材１０とを溶接して接合する。溶接態様としては、車両のボディ部分、ルーフ部分等の製造に通常用いられることの多い抵抗溶接が好ましく、抵抗溶接においてもスポット溶接が好ましい。   Subsequent to the crimping step, a joining step is performed. In the joining step shown in FIG. 7, the pressure-bonding material 5 of the plate material 9 and the dissimilar metal member 10 are welded and joined. As a welding mode, resistance welding which is usually used for manufacturing a vehicle body part, a roof part and the like is preferable, and spot welding is also preferable in resistance welding.

異種金属部材１０は、被圧着部材１とは異なる金属を含む部材であり、圧着材５と同種の金属を含む板状部材、又は、圧着材５との溶接強度が高い金属を含む板状部材である。例えば、圧着材５の材料が鉄又は鉄系材料である場合は、異種金属部材１０の材料は鉄又は鉄系材料であるのが好ましい。また、圧着材５の材料がアルミニウム又はアルミニウム系材料である場合は、異種金属部材１０の材料はアルミニウム又はアルミニウム系材料であるのが好ましい。   The dissimilar metal member 10 is a member containing a metal different from the member 1 to be bonded, and is a plate-like member containing the same kind of metal as the pressure-bonding material 5 or a plate-like member containing a metal having high welding strength with the pressure-bonding material 5. It is. For example, when the material of the pressure bonding material 5 is iron or an iron-based material, the material of the dissimilar metal member 10 is preferably iron or an iron-based material. Moreover, when the material of the crimping | compression-bonding material 5 is aluminum or an aluminum-type material, it is preferable that the material of the dissimilar metal member 10 is aluminum or an aluminum-type material.

接合工程について詳述すると、先ず被圧着部材１の貫通孔Ｈ１内に圧着材５が圧着されて成る板材９に異種金属部材１０を接触させる。このとき、異種金属部材１０と圧着材５とが接触していることが好ましい。次いで、電極Ｅ１の先端部を圧着材５に圧接すると共に、電極Ｅ１と軸線を略一致させて配置される電極Ｅ２の先端部を異種金属部材１０に圧接する。更に、電極Ｅ１及びＥ２に電流を流すことによって、電極Ｅ１及びＥ２の各圧接部位の間の金属を溶接する。接合工程によって、圧着材５と異種金属部材１０とが溶着する。結果として、圧着材５が圧着によって固定されて成る被圧着部材１と、被圧着部材１とは異なる金属を含む異種金属部材１０とが接合されたことになる。   The joining process will be described in detail. First, the dissimilar metal member 10 is brought into contact with a plate material 9 formed by pressure-bonding the pressure-bonding material 5 in the through hole H1 of the member 1 to be bonded. At this time, it is preferable that the dissimilar metal member 10 and the crimping | compression-bonding material 5 are contacting. Next, the tip end of the electrode E1 is pressed against the pressure-bonding material 5, and the tip end of the electrode E2 disposed so that the axis line of the electrode E1 is substantially aligned is pressed against the dissimilar metal member 10. Furthermore, the metal between each press-contact part of the electrodes E1 and E2 is welded by sending an electric current through the electrodes E1 and E2. By the joining process, the pressure-bonding material 5 and the dissimilar metal member 10 are welded. As a result, the pressure-bonded member 1 formed by fixing the pressure-bonding material 5 by pressure bonding and the dissimilar metal member 10 containing a metal different from the pressure-bonded member 1 are joined.

以上により、本実施形態に係る異材接合方法の各工程が完了することとなる。図４〜図７に示した異材接合方法は、打抜工程を実行するだけで、圧着材５を圧着する貫通孔Ｈ１だけでなく、被圧着部材１に圧着されることになる圧着材５も一挙に形成することができる。したがって、少ない工程数で異種金属部材１０と溶接されることになる部位を形成することができるので、作業効率が向上して好ましい。   Thus, the steps of the dissimilar material joining method according to the present embodiment are completed. The dissimilar material joining method shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 includes not only the through hole H1 for crimping the crimping material 5 but also the crimping material 5 to be crimped to the member 1 to be crimped only by performing the punching process. It can be formed at once. Therefore, a portion to be welded to the dissimilar metal member 10 can be formed with a small number of steps, which is preferable because work efficiency is improved.

また、被圧着部材１及び打抜用材２を重ねて打抜くことによって、被圧着部材１の貫通孔Ｈ１と圧着材５とが確実に同径でかつ平面形状が同形状となる。これにより、貫通孔Ｈ１及び圧着材５におけるそれぞれの径及び平面形状を別体的に設計及び形成する必要が無いので、作業効率の向上、作業に要する装置の簡略化に寄与することができる。   Moreover, by overlapping and punching the member 1 and the punching material 2, the through-hole H1 of the member 1 and the pressing member 5 are surely of the same diameter and the same planar shape. Thereby, since it is not necessary to design and form each diameter and planar shape in the through-hole H1 and the crimping | compression-bonding material 5 separately, it can contribute to the improvement of work efficiency and simplification of the apparatus required for work.

更に、圧着材５は接着剤等の他の固定部材を用いることなく、被圧着部材１に対して圧着しているので、異材接合方法に必要な部材、材料等を低減することができる。仮に、圧着材５の固定に接着剤を用いる場合は、被圧着部材及び圧着材の各材料に応じて所望の接着強度が得られるように接着剤の種類を選定する必要があり、接着剤の塗工部位、塗工時期、及び塗工方法等の決定も必要となる。本実施形態に係る異材接合方法はこのような設計が必要無いので好ましい。   Furthermore, since the crimping material 5 is crimped to the member 1 to be crimped without using another fixing member such as an adhesive, it is possible to reduce members, materials, and the like necessary for the different material joining method. If an adhesive is used to fix the pressure-bonding material 5, it is necessary to select the type of the adhesive so that desired adhesive strength can be obtained according to each material of the member to be pressed and the pressure-bonding material. It is also necessary to determine the application site, the application time, and the application method. The dissimilar material joining method according to this embodiment is preferable because such a design is not necessary.

本実施形態に係る異材接合方法は、図３に示す部品プレス成形工程Ｓ１のプレス成形時に適用可能なので、各部品をプレス成形する工程と打抜工程又は圧着材配置工程とを同時に一つの工程として実行することができる。つまり、各部品のプレス成形を行う時に被圧着部材が金型に圧接されている状態で、被圧着部材の溶接されることになる部位を打抜くことができる。また、溶接されることになる部位を予め打抜いた被圧着部材がプレス成形により金型に圧接されている状態で、圧着材を貫通孔内に配置することができる。これによって、異材接合に係る工程数を削減することができる   The dissimilar material joining method according to the present embodiment can be applied at the time of press molding in the component press molding step S1 shown in FIG. 3, so that the step of pressing each part and the stamping step or the pressure bonding material arranging step are simultaneously performed as one step. Can be executed. In other words, when the parts to be pressed are pressed, the parts to be welded of the members to be bonded can be punched out while the members to be bonded are pressed against the mold. Further, the pressure-bonding material can be disposed in the through-hole in a state where the member to be bonded that has been punched out in advance is pressed into the mold by press molding. As a result, the number of steps related to dissimilar material joining can be reduced.

圧着工程まで完了したときに圧着材５が被圧着部材１に圧着されて固定状態となっていることにより、次の接合工程に供される際に、例えば被圧着部材１をプレス成形された場所から別の場所に運搬される等して衝撃及び振動が加わっても、溶接部位である圧着材５が脱離しないので好ましい。   When the pressure bonding material 5 is crimped to the pressure-bonded member 1 and is in a fixed state when the pressure bonding process is completed, for example, a place where the pressure-bonded member 1 is press-molded when used in the next bonding step. Even if an impact and vibration are applied, for example, by being transported from one place to another, it is preferable because the pressure-bonding material 5 which is a welded part is not detached.

更に言うと、本実施形態に係る異材接合方法は、圧着材５と異種金属部材１０とが圧着材５視認しつつ溶接可能であるので、作業者が溶接部位を判別し易い。また、被圧着部材１に固定されている圧着材５を溶接すれば良いので、溶接時に固定されていない別部材を用いる必要も無く、部材の位置決めも不要である。   Furthermore, in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present embodiment, the crimping material 5 and the dissimilar metal member 10 can be welded while visually confirming the crimping material 5, so that the operator can easily determine the welding site. Moreover, since the crimping | compression-bonding material 5 currently fixed to the to-be-bonded member 1 should just be welded, it is not necessary to use another member which is not fixed at the time of welding, and positioning of a member is also unnecessary.

また、本実施形態に係る異材接合方法によって得られる異材接合体は、異種金属部材１０と被圧着部材１に圧着されて成る圧着材５とが溶着しているので、接合強度の低下の一因となる金属間化合物が形成されていない。つまり、異種金属部材１０と圧着材５との接合強度が高いので、異種金属部材１０と被圧着部材１との接合強度も高くなり、好ましい。   Moreover, since the dissimilar material joined body obtained by the dissimilar material joining method according to the present embodiment is welded to the dissimilar metal member 10 and the pressure-bonding material 5 that is pressure-bonded to the member 1 to be crimped, it is a cause of a decrease in bonding strength. No intermetallic compound is formed. That is, since the bonding strength between the dissimilar metal member 10 and the pressure bonding material 5 is high, the bonding strength between the dissimilar metal member 10 and the member 1 to be bonded is also high, which is preferable.

（４）被圧着部材及び圧着材の厚さ
本発明に係る異材接合方法で用いる被圧着部材及び圧着材の厚さは、圧着工程における圧着、及び、接合工程における溶接に問題が生じない範囲内で適宜に決定することができる。被圧着部材の厚さ、特に被圧着部材における貫通孔が形成される部位の厚さと圧着材との厚さの関係性としては、圧着材の厚さが大きい又は小さいのがより好ましい。 (4) Thickness of pressure-bonded member and pressure-bonded material The thickness of the pressure-bonded member and pressure-bonded material used in the dissimilar material bonding method according to the present invention is within a range that does not cause problems in pressure bonding in the pressure bonding process and welding in the bonding process. Can be determined as appropriate. As the relationship between the thickness of the pressure-bonded member, particularly the thickness of the portion where the through hole is formed in the pressure-bonded member and the thickness of the pressure-bonded material, it is more preferable that the thickness of the pressure-bonded material is large or small.

圧着材の厚さが被圧着部材の厚さより大きい場合は、圧着後の圧着材が被圧着部材の少なくとも一端面から突出することになり、接合工程に供された際に溶接箇所が判別し易くなるので、好ましい。更に、圧着材の突出する面全体が異種金属部材に溶接可能となることにより、高い溶接強度を確保することができるので、好ましい。   If the thickness of the crimping material is larger than the thickness of the member to be crimped, the crimping material after crimping will protrude from at least one end surface of the member to be crimped, and the welding location can be easily identified when subjected to the joining process. Therefore, it is preferable. Furthermore, since the whole surface from which the pressure-bonding material protrudes can be welded to the dissimilar metal member, high welding strength can be secured, which is preferable.

圧着材の厚さが被圧着部材の厚さより小さい場合は、接合工程で溶接する際に電極を圧着材及び異種金属部材に対して押し付ける力を大きくすることにより、異種金属部材の溶接部位が被圧着部材の貫通孔内の一部に嵌り込むように凸状に変形する。よって、異種金属部材の溶接部位が被圧着部材の貫通孔に係合することによって、高い接合強度を確保することができるので、好ましい。   When the thickness of the crimping material is smaller than the thickness of the member to be crimped, the welding part of the dissimilar metal member is covered by increasing the force that presses the electrode against the crimping material and the dissimilar metal member when welding in the joining process. It deform | transforms into convex shape so that it may fit in a part in through-hole of a crimping | compression-bonding member. Therefore, it is preferable because a high bonding strength can be ensured by engaging the welded portion of the dissimilar metal member with the through hole of the member to be pressed.

（５）他の実施形態
以下に、本発明に係る異材接合方法の他の実施形態について説明する。 (5) Other Embodiments Hereinafter, another embodiment of the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention will be described.

図４（Ａ）に示した実施形態においては初期状態でパンチ部材３が被圧着部材１に接しているが、本発明に係る異材接合方法においてはパンチ部材３等の打抜部材が打抜用材に接していても良い。また、図４に示した実施形態においてはパンチ部材３の打抜き方向が鉛直方向であるが、本発明に係る異材接合方法においては打抜手段の打抜き方向は特に制限されない。   In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4A, the punch member 3 is in contact with the member 1 to be bonded in the initial state. However, in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, the punch member such as the punch member 3 is a punching material. You may be in contact with. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the punching direction of the punch member 3 is the vertical direction. However, in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, the punching direction of the punching means is not particularly limited.

上述した実施形態においてはプレス成形時に打抜工程又は圧着材配置工程を併せて実行可能であるが、本発明に係る異材接合方法においては、プレス成形後でかつ車体溶接工程に供される前に打抜工程から圧着工程までを独立して実行しても良い。   In the above-described embodiment, it is possible to execute the punching process or the press-bonding material arranging process at the time of press molding. However, in the dissimilar material joining method according to the present invention, after the press molding and before being subjected to the vehicle body welding process. You may perform independently from a stamping process to a crimping | compression-bonding process.

また、例えば図４及び図９等において、被圧着部材１、打抜用材２、異種金属部材１０は、車両のボディ部分及びルーフ部分等に用いられることの多い板状部材として示した。本発明に係る異材接合方法及び異材接合体においては、打抜かれる部位が打抜き可能でかつ溶接部位が溶接可能である厚みを有している限り、該打抜かれる部位及び溶接部位以外は厚みの大きい塊状となっていても良い。   For example, in FIG. 4 and FIG. 9 and the like, the member 1 to be bonded, the punching material 2, and the dissimilar metal member 10 are shown as plate-like members that are often used for the body portion and the roof portion of the vehicle. In the dissimilar material joining method and dissimilar material joined body according to the present invention, as long as the part to be punched has a thickness that can be punched and the welded part can be welded, the parts other than the part to be punched and the welded part have thicknesses. It may be a large lump.

以上、本発明者によってなされた発明を適用した実施形態について説明したが、この実施形態による本発明の開示の一部をなす論述及び図面により、本発明は限定されることはない。すなわち、この実施形態に基づいて当業者等によりなされる他の実施形態、実施例及び運用技術等は全て本発明の範疇に含まれることは勿論であることを付け加えておく。   As mentioned above, although embodiment which applied the invention made | formed by this inventor was described, this invention is not limited by the description and drawing which make a part of indication of this invention by this embodiment. That is, it should be added that other embodiments, examples, operation techniques, and the like made by those skilled in the art based on this embodiment are all included in the scope of the present invention.

１：被圧着部材、２：打抜用材、３：パンチ部材（打抜部材）、４：圧着材保持部材（配置用部材）、５、５１、５２及び５３：圧着材、６：盤状部材、７：内周面、８：外周面、９：板材、１０：異種金属部材、１０１：サイドシル、１０１ａ：サイドシルインナ、１０１ｂ：サイドシルアウタ、１０２：ヒンジピラー、１０３：センターピラー、１０５：サイドシルレインフォースメント、１０５ａ：インナレインフォースメント、１０５ｂ：アウタレインフォースメント、Ｈ１及びＨ２：貫通孔、Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３、Ｄ４、Ｄ５及びＤ６：径、Ｓ１：部品プレス成形工程、Ｓ２：車体溶接工程、Ｓ３：車体塗装工程、Ｓ４：組付工程
1: Press-bonded member, 2: Punching material, 3: Punch member (punching member), 4: Press-bonding material holding member (placement member), 5, 51, 52 and 53: Press-bonding material, 6: Disc-shaped member , 7: inner peripheral surface, 8: outer peripheral surface, 9: plate material, 10: dissimilar metal member, 101: side sill, 101a: side sill inner, 101b: side sill outer, 102: hinge pillar, 103: center pillar, 105: side sill reinforcement 105a: inner reinforcement, 105b: outer reinforcement, H1 and H2: through holes, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6: diameter, S1: parts press forming process, S2: body welding process, S3: Body painting process, S4: Assembly process

Claims (6)

被圧着部材と、該被圧着部材とは異なる金属を含有して成る打抜用材とを重ねて打抜く打抜工程と、
前記打抜用材を打抜いて形成された圧着材を、前記被圧着部材を打抜いて形成された貫通孔内に配置する圧着材配置工程と、
前記貫通孔において前記圧着材と前記被圧着部材とを圧着する圧着工程と、
前記圧着材と、前記圧着材と同種の金属を含む異種金属部材、又は、前記圧着材との溶接強度が高い金属を含む異種金属部材と、を溶接する接合工程とを、備える、
異材接合方法。 A punching process in which a member to be bonded and a punching material containing a metal different from the member to be bonded are stacked and punched;
A pressure-bonding material placement step of placing the pressure-bonding material formed by punching the punching material into a through-hole formed by punching the member to be pressed; and
A crimping step of crimping the crimping member and the member to be crimped in the through hole;
A bonding step of welding the crimping material and a dissimilar metal member containing the same kind of metal as the crimping material, or a dissimilar metal member containing a metal having high welding strength with the crimping material,
Dissimilar material joining method. 前記圧着材配置工程で前記圧着材をその打抜方向とは逆方向に移動させて前記貫通孔内に配置する、
請求項１に記載の異材接合方法。 Moving the pressure-bonding material in a direction opposite to the punching direction in the pressure-bonding material arranging step, and placing the pressure-bonding material in the through hole;
The dissimilar material joining method according to claim 1. 前記打抜工程で被圧着部材及び打抜用材を打抜いた打抜部材、並びに、前記圧着材配置工程で前記圧着材を配置した配置用部材の少なくともいずれか一方が、前記圧着工程で前記圧着材に圧接されて前記貫通孔の内周面と前記圧着材の外周面とを圧着する、
請求項１又は２に記載の異材接合方法。 At least one of the member to be crimped and the punching material punched in the punching step and the placement member in which the crimping material is placed in the crimping material placement step is the crimping step in the crimping step. Pressure contacted with a material to crimp the inner peripheral surface of the through hole and the outer peripheral surface of the pressure-bonding material,
The dissimilar material joining method according to claim 1 or 2. 前記圧着材の厚さは、前記被圧着部材の前記貫通孔が形成される部位の厚さよりも大きい、
請求項１〜３のいずれか一項に記載の異材接合方法。 The thickness of the pressure-bonding material is larger than the thickness of the portion where the through-hole of the member to be pressed is formed,
The dissimilar material joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 前記圧着材の厚さは、前記被圧着部材の前記貫通孔が形成される部位の厚さよりも小さい、
請求項１〜３のいずれか一項に記載の異材接合方法。 The thickness of the pressure-bonding material is smaller than the thickness of the portion where the through-hole of the member to be pressed is formed,
The dissimilar material joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 貫通孔を有し、金属を含有して成る被圧着部材と、
前記被圧着部材とは異なる金属を含有して成り、前記貫通孔と同径でかつ平面形状が同形状を成し、前記貫通孔と圧着されて成る圧着材と、
前記圧着材と同種の金属を含み、又は、前記圧着材との溶接強度が高い金属を含み、前記圧着材と溶接されて成る異種金属部材と、を備える、
異材接合体。
A member to be bonded having a through hole and containing a metal;
A pressure-sensitive adhesive material comprising a metal different from the member to be bonded, having the same diameter as the through-hole and having the same planar shape, and being pressure-bonded to the through-hole;
A metal of the same type as that of the pressure-bonding material, or a metal having a high welding strength with the pressure-bonding material, and comprising a dissimilar metal member welded to the pressure-bonding material.
Dissimilar material joined body.
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