JP2015024979A - Capsule formulation - Google Patents

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JP2015024979A
JP2015024979A JP2013156611A JP2013156611A JP2015024979A JP 2015024979 A JP2015024979 A JP 2015024979A JP 2013156611 A JP2013156611 A JP 2013156611A JP 2013156611 A JP2013156611 A JP 2013156611A JP 2015024979 A JP2015024979 A JP 2015024979A
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capsule
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content liquid
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JP6196091B2 (en
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近藤 隆
Takashi Kondo
隆 近藤
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Sansho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce formulations in which drugs are dispersed in water-soluble bases without dissolving water-soluble capsule coating.SOLUTION: The invention provides a soft capsule and a liquid-filled hard capsule encapsulating liquid contents obtained by dissolving polydextrose, xylo oligosaccharide, and L-carnitine with water to use as hydrophilic base. An oily component and a poorly soluble component can also be contained in the liquid contents as an objective component.

Description

本発明は、健康食品、化粧品、入浴剤、医薬品、芳香剤等に用いられる、ソフトカプセルまたは液体充填ハードカプセルに製剤化したカプセル剤に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a capsule formulated into a soft capsule or a liquid-filled hard capsule for use in health foods, cosmetics, bath agents, pharmaceuticals, fragrances and the like.

ソフトカプセル及び液体充填ハードカプセルは、通常、水溶性のカプセル皮膜内に内容液を注入(充填)したものであり、水に接触させるとカプセル皮膜が溶解して内容液を放出することを利用して、上記製品の分野で製剤化されており、胃腸等の消化器官や入浴時の湯、芳香剤中の水等がカプセル皮膜の溶解用の水や水溶液として利用されている。
上記したソフトカプセル及び液体充填ハードカプセルは、内容液に水、水溶液を含むと、カプセル皮膜が溶け易く、外部の温度、湿度、包装形態にもよるが、通常の室温保管では、注入後の製造工程、流通段階、保管中に内容液を漏出し、製品として機能しなくなるので、内容液の基剤は大半が油液になっている。
そして、この例外としてポリエチレングリコール(PEG)400〜1000水溶液をカプセル内容液の基剤としたものが、医薬品分野でニフェジピンなどの舌下吸収、即効性のソフトカプセル製剤として細々と市販されている。
しかしPEG400〜1000は我国では食品として使用することはできず、又、合成品であることから、食品として使用できる国においても実際にはほとんど使用されていない。
Soft capsules and liquid-filled hard capsules are usually those in which the content liquid is injected (filled) into a water-soluble capsule film, utilizing the fact that the capsule film dissolves and releases the content liquid when contacted with water, Formulated in the field of the above products, digestive organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, hot water at the time of bathing, water in the fragrance, etc. are used as water or aqueous solution for dissolving the capsule film.
When the above-mentioned soft capsule and liquid-filled hard capsule contain water or an aqueous solution in the content liquid, the capsule film is easily dissolved, and depending on the external temperature, humidity, and packaging form, in normal room temperature storage, the manufacturing process after injection, Since the content liquid leaks out during the distribution stage and during storage, it does not function as a product, so the base of the content liquid is mostly oil.
As an exception, polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400-1000 aqueous solution as a base for the capsule content liquid is commercially available in the pharmaceutical field as a subcapsular absorption and immediate-effect soft capsule preparation such as nifedipine.
However, PEG 400 to 1000 cannot be used as food in our country, and since it is a synthetic product, it is practically rarely used in countries where it can be used as food.

内容液の基剤が油液だと、唾液、胃液、腸液あるいは入浴時の湯、芳香剤の水等には溶解、拡散し難い場合があり、PEG400〜1000に代わって食品用にもなる基剤が求められている。それ故、本発明は、上記の課題を解決する、食品用にもできる親水性基剤を内容液とする新規なソフトカプセル及び液体充填ハードカプセルを提供することを目的とする。   If the base of the content liquid is an oil liquid, it may be difficult to dissolve or diffuse in saliva, gastric juice, intestinal juice, bath water, fragrance water, etc. There is a need for agents. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel soft capsule and a liquid-filled hard capsule having a hydrophilic base that can be used for food as a content liquid, which solves the above problems.

本発明者は、できるだけ天然物に近い食用可能な成分で、ソフトカプセル及び液体充填ハードカプセルの内容液として、唾液、胃液、腸液あるいは入浴時の湯、芳香剤の水等と自由に混合、溶解する基剤でありながら、水溶性のカプセル皮膜を溶解しない材料について鋭意検討した結果、健康食品の主成分、有効成分として一部に使われており、それ自体が健康食品としても有用な以下の成分が該当することを発見し、これらを内容液の親水性基剤として用いたソフトカプセル及び液体充填ハードカプセルを提案するに至った。
この新規の親水性基剤はポリデキストロース、キシロオリゴ糖、またはL−カルニチンの水溶液である。
The present inventor is an edible component that is as close as possible to a natural product, and can be freely mixed and dissolved with saliva, gastric juice, intestinal juice, hot water at the time of bathing, fragrance water, etc. as the contents of soft capsules and liquid-filled hard capsules. As a result of diligent research on materials that do not dissolve the water-soluble capsule film even though it is an agent, it has been used in part as the main component and active ingredient of health foods. As a result, the present inventors have found that this is the case and proposed soft capsules and liquid-filled hard capsules using these as the hydrophilic base of the content liquid.
The novel hydrophilic base is an aqueous solution of polydextrose, xylo-oligosaccharide, or L-carnitine.

本発明の基剤は、水溶性のカプセル皮膜を溶解させず、しかも、カプセル皮膜が溶解して放出されると、唾液、胃液、腸液あるいは入浴時の湯、芳香剤の水等と自由に混合、溶解する。しかも、食用にもなる。従って、この基剤を内容液としてソフトカプセル及び液体充填ハードカプセルに製剤化すれば、健康食品、化粧品、入浴剤、医薬品、芳香剤等として用いることができる。
以下、本発明のカプセル剤について詳細に説明する。
The base of the present invention does not dissolve the water-soluble capsule film, and when the capsule film is dissolved and released, it can be freely mixed with saliva, gastric juice, intestinal juice, hot water at the time of bathing, water of fragrance, etc. Dissolve. Moreover, it is edible. Therefore, if this base is formulated as a content liquid into soft capsules and liquid-filled hard capsules, it can be used as health foods, cosmetics, bath agents, pharmaceuticals, fragrances and the like.
Hereinafter, the capsule of the present invention will be described in detail.

(カプセル内容液)
基剤は、水溶性のポリデキストロース、キシロオリゴ糖、またはL−カルニチンを水で溶解させたものである。これらは単独で使用しても、併用してもよい。
これらは、特に共通の構造的特徴は無いが、膨大な候補を試験に供した上で見出したものである。
(Capsule content liquid)
The base is obtained by dissolving water-soluble polydextrose, xylooligosaccharide, or L-carnitine with water. These may be used alone or in combination.
These are not particularly common structural features, but were found after a vast number of candidates were used for testing.

ポリデキストロースは、水溶性の食物繊維の一種であり、とうもろこし由来でブドウ糖、ソルビトール、クエン酸を高圧下で重合してつくられた、水溶性の人工繊維である。
水溶性の食物繊維には、他にもあり、例えば、ジャガイモのデンプンを処理して得られる難消化性デキストリン、寒天が挙げられるが、カプセルへの製剤化や分散性の面から、ポリデキストロースが実用に耐え得ると確認されている。
Polydextrose is a kind of water-soluble dietary fiber, and is a water-soluble artificial fiber produced by polymerizing glucose, sorbitol and citric acid under high pressure from corn.
There are other water-soluble dietary fibers, for example, indigestible dextrin and agar obtained by processing potato starch. From the viewpoint of formulation into capsules and dispersibility, polydextrose is used. It has been confirmed that it can withstand practical use.

キシロオリゴ糖は、単糖がグリコシル結合で複数個結合した短い糖鎖であるオリゴ糖の一種であり、コーンコブ、綿実殻等から得られるホモ多糖キシラン(ヘミセルロース)を原料とし、キシロースがβ-1,4結合で数個結合した水溶性の高分子である。食物繊維を特別な酵素で分解することによりつくられる。
オリゴ糖は、他にもあり、例えば、ガラクトオリゴ糖、フラクトオリゴ糖が挙げられるが、カプセルへの製剤化や分散性の面から、キシロオリゴ糖が実用に耐え得ると確認されている。
Xylooligosaccharide is a kind of oligosaccharide that is a short sugar chain in which monosaccharides are linked by glycosyl bonds. The raw material is homopolysaccharide xylan (hemicellulose) obtained from corn cob, cottonseed husk, etc., and xylose is β-1 , A water-soluble polymer with several bonds. It is made by breaking down dietary fiber with a special enzyme.
There are other oligosaccharides, for example, galacto-oligosaccharides and fructooligosaccharides, but it has been confirmed that xylo-oligosaccharides can withstand practical use from the viewpoint of formulation into capsules and dispersibility.

L−カルニチンは、必須アミノ酸であるL−リジンの炭素骨格をもとに、トリメチル化剤として機能するもう一つの必須アミノ酸(L−メチオニン)を原料として主に動物界でつくられる水溶性の分子である。このL−カルニチンが実用に耐え得ると確認されている。なお、本発明では、アセチルL−カルニチン等の誘導体も含まれる。   L-carnitine is a water-soluble molecule mainly made in the animal kingdom based on the essential amino acid L-lysine carbon skeleton and another essential amino acid (L-methionine) that functions as a trimethylating agent. It is. It has been confirmed that this L-carnitine can withstand practical use. In the present invention, derivatives such as acetyl L-carnitine are also included.

上記した3種のポリデキストロース、キシロオリゴ糖、L−カルニチンは、いずれも水で溶解して溶媒乃至分散媒にすることが想定されている。但し、水のみに限定されるわけではなく、例えば薬剤などの目的成分の溶解を促すために少量のエタノールを加えることも考えられる。   It is assumed that the above-mentioned three kinds of polydextrose, xylooligosaccharide, and L-carnitine are all dissolved in water to form a solvent or dispersion medium. However, it is not limited to only water, and for example, a small amount of ethanol may be added to promote dissolution of a target component such as a drug.

基剤に含ませる目的成分は、油性物質でも、水溶性物質でも、難溶性物質でもよい。またはこれらは、併用してもよい。
目的成分の用途に関しては、所謂健康食品や入浴剤だけでなく、医薬品や医薬部外品も含まれる。具体的には、油性物質としてはビタミンA、ビタミンD、コエンザイムQ10、ドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)、エイコサペンタエン酸(EPA)等が挙げられ、水溶性物質としてはビタミンB群、ビタミンC、コラーゲン等や、生薬、動植物、発酵物等を水又は含水アルコール等で抽出した水性エキス等が挙げられ、難溶性物質としてはセサミン、ジンセノサイド等が挙げられる。
The target component contained in the base may be an oily substance, a water-soluble substance, or a hardly soluble substance. Or these may be used together.
Regarding the use of the target component, it includes not only so-called health foods and bath agents, but also pharmaceuticals and quasi drugs. Specifically, oily substances include vitamin A, vitamin D, coenzyme Q10, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and water soluble substances include vitamin B group, vitamin C, collagen, etc. In addition, an aqueous extract obtained by extracting herbal medicines, animals and plants, fermented products and the like with water or hydrous alcohol, and the like are exemplified, and sesamin, ginsenoside and the like are exemplified as the hardly soluble substance.

目的成分が粉末状の難溶性物質である場合には、基剤への分散を助けるために、分散剤を配合してもよい。分散剤の例としては、レシチン、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル等の乳化剤や、グァーガム、キサンタンガム等の増粘多糖類が挙げられる。
更に、防腐剤、着色剤、酸化チタン等の添加成分を加えることもできる。
但し、上記の薬剤は、いずれも、親水性基剤としての特性を損なわない範囲で加えられるべきものであり、合わせても精々10質量%程度に収めるのが好ましい。
When the target component is a powdery poorly soluble substance, a dispersant may be blended to assist dispersion in the base. Examples of the dispersant include emulsifiers such as lecithin, glycerin fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester, and thickening polysaccharides such as guar gum and xanthan gum.
Furthermore, additive components such as preservatives, colorants, titanium oxide and the like can be added.
However, any of the above-mentioned drugs should be added within a range that does not impair the properties as a hydrophilic base, and even when combined, it is preferably within about 10% by mass.

内容液を作製するに際して、水の適正量は、基剤の種類によっても変わるし、目的成分の性質、すなわち水溶性か油溶性か難溶性かによっても変わるし、目的成分の配合量によっても変わるが、最終的にはカプセルに製剤化することから、内容液の粘度が指標となっており、粘度は10〜50,000cpsに収めることが好ましい。なお、粘度は回転粘度計(BROOKFIELD製VISCOMETER)による測定結果により規定したものである。   In preparing the content liquid, the appropriate amount of water varies depending on the type of the base, and also varies depending on the nature of the target component, that is, whether it is water-soluble, oil-soluble or poorly soluble, and also varies depending on the blending amount of the target component. However, since it is finally formulated into a capsule, the viscosity of the content liquid is an index, and the viscosity is preferably within 10 to 50,000 cps. The viscosity is defined by the measurement result with a rotational viscometer (VISCOMETER manufactured by BROOKFIELD).

(カプセル皮膜)
カプセル皮膜の素材はカプセルに成形でき、且つ水溶性であれば特に限定されず、動物系のゼラチンを基剤とし、グリセリン等の可塑剤を含むものが代表的であるが、これに限定されず、植物系のプルラン、寒天、カラギーナン、デンプン、デンプン分解物、アルギン酸やHPMC(ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース)、ジェランガム等や、これらの酸化・アルカリ化した増粘多糖類も使用できる。
ゼラチン系では、ゼラチンがアミノ基を有しているため内容液側に配合する成分の種類によっては不溶化するため、それを阻止するために分子量の小さいポリペプチドのような水溶性高分子物質を含ませる場合もあるが、その場合でも本発明では内容液側の基剤を上記したもので構成することで、皮膜の変形や溶解は阻止される。
(Capsule film)
The material of the capsule film is not particularly limited as long as it can be formed into a capsule and is water-soluble, and is typically based on animal-based gelatin and containing a plasticizer such as glycerin, but is not limited thereto. Plant-based pullulan, agar, carrageenan, starch, starch degradation product, alginic acid, HPMC (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose), gellan gum and the like, and oxidized and alkalized thickening polysaccharides thereof can also be used.
In gelatin systems, since gelatin has amino groups, it is insolubilized depending on the type of ingredients to be added to the content liquid side, so water-soluble polymer substances such as low molecular weight polypeptides are included to prevent this. Even in such a case, in the present invention, deformation and dissolution of the film are prevented by constituting the base on the content liquid side with the above-described one.

(製造方法)
カプセル剤は、常法により製造できる。例えば、ハードカプセル剤の場合には成型した空カプセルに内容液を充填して封止することで製造でき、ソフトカプセル剤の場合には金型が回転式のロータリーダイを利用して、二枚の皮膜シートの間にその内容液をそのまま充填しながら立体成型することで製造できる。
(Production method)
Capsules can be produced by conventional methods. For example, in the case of hard capsules, it can be manufactured by filling a sealed empty capsule with the content liquid and sealing, and in the case of soft capsules, the mold is rotated by using a rotary die. It can be manufactured by three-dimensional molding while filling the content liquid as it is between sheets.

このポリデキストロース、キシロオリゴ糖、L−カルニチンを基剤とし、代表的な健康食品成分であるビタミンC、ウコン粉末、コエンザイムQ10、水性エキスである黒酢エキス、梅エキスをそれぞれ目的成分として配合したものを内容液としたソフトカプセル剤と、対照として基剤に従来技術の代表的油液を用いたソフトカプセル剤を製造した。そして、それらの安定性および人工腸液への溶解性(体内吸収パラメーター)を比較した。   Based on this polydextrose, xylo-oligosaccharide and L-carnitine, and blended with vitamin C, turmeric powder, coenzyme Q10, which is a typical health food ingredient, black vinegar extract, and plum extract, which are aqueous extracts. And a soft capsule using a typical oil solution of the prior art as a base as a base. Then, their stability and solubility in artificial intestinal fluid (in vivo absorption parameters) were compared.

評価方法は、各検体をガラス瓶で包装し、40℃、室温、冷蔵、冷凍の各保管条件(30日間)で保存し、外観の安定性を比較した。   In the evaluation method, each specimen was packaged in a glass bottle and stored at 40 ° C., room temperature, refrigerated, and frozen storage conditions (30 days), and the stability of the appearance was compared.

各検体の体内吸収パラメーターとして、人工腸液内での溶解・拡散性(完全に拡散するまでの時間)を比較した。
本試験の処方および評価結果を以下の表1〜5に示す。
As in-vivo absorption parameters of each specimen, solubility / diffusivity (time until complete diffusion) in an artificial intestinal fluid was compared.
The prescription and evaluation results of this test are shown in Tables 1 to 5 below.

Figure 2015024979
Figure 2015024979

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Figure 2015024979

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Figure 2015024979

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Figure 2015024979

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Figure 2015024979

表1〜3の結果から、本発明品はカプセル内容液として、水と自由に混合、溶解する基剤でありながら、水溶性カプセル皮膜は溶解せずにカプセル化が可能となり、保管期間中、良好な外観を保ち、人工腸液との溶解性、分散性も優れており、体内吸収が高いことが確認された。   From the results of Tables 1 to 3, the product of the present invention is a base that freely mixes and dissolves with water as a capsule content solution, but can be encapsulated without dissolving the water-soluble capsule film. It was confirmed that it maintained a good appearance, was excellent in solubility and dispersibility in artificial intestinal fluid, and was highly absorbed in the body.

表4〜5の結果から、水性エキスである黒酢エキス、梅エキスを従来技術の代表的案油液を用いたソフトカプセル剤と比較し、高配合することができ尚且つカプセル化の安定性も確認がとれ、体内吸収が高いことも確認された。   From the results of Tables 4 to 5, the black vinegar extract and plum extract, which are aqueous extracts, can be blended in a high amount compared to the soft capsules using typical oil solutions of the prior art, and the encapsulation stability is also high. It was confirmed that the absorption in the body was high.

ソフトカプセル剤は内容液が液体であり、一般的な錠剤等の固形剤より体内吸収、AUC(血中濃度−時間曲線下面積)が高いと言われており、水溶性のカプセル皮膜は水に溶解しても内容液が水に溶解しないという問題があったが、本発明の新規の親水性基剤を用いることにより、その有用性、利便性を高めることができることが確認された。   Soft capsules are liquids, and are said to be absorbed in the body and have a higher AUC (area under the blood concentration-time curve) than solid tablets such as tablets. Water-soluble capsule films dissolve in water. Even though there was a problem that the content liquid did not dissolve in water, it was confirmed that the usefulness and convenience could be improved by using the novel hydrophilic base of the present invention.

Claims (3)

カプセル内容液の親水性基剤としてポリデキストロース、L−カルニチンまたはキシロオリゴ糖の水溶液を用い、ソフトカプセル剤または液体充填ハードカプセルとして製剤化したことを特徴とするカプセル剤。   A capsule characterized by using an aqueous solution of polydextrose, L-carnitine or xylooligosaccharide as a hydrophilic base of the capsule content liquid, and formulated as a soft capsule or a liquid-filled hard capsule. 請求項1に記載したカプセル剤において、目的成分として油溶性成分及び/または難溶性成分を親水性基剤に含ませたことを特徴とするカプセル剤。   The capsule according to claim 1, wherein an oil-soluble component and / or a hardly soluble component is contained in a hydrophilic base as a target component. 請求項1または2に記載したカプセル剤において、体内吸収を向上させたことを特徴とするカプセル剤。   The capsule according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the absorption in the body is improved.
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