JP2014177870A

JP2014177870A - Intake/exhaust device of internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: JP2014177870A
Application number: JP2013050601A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Seiji Matsuda; 征二松田; Hirobumi Azuma; 博文東; Masahiro Fujimoto; 昌弘藤本; Mitsutaka Kojima; 光高小島
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Motors Corp
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Motors Corp
Priority date: 2013-03-13
Filing date: 2013-03-13
Publication date: 2014-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-13
Also published as: JP6083267B2

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an intake/exhaust device which can prevent the deterioration of filling efficiency in a combustion chamber by promoting combustion by transmitting the heat of an exhaust gas in an exhaust passage to an intake passage prior to the warming of a vehicle, and suppressing the heat transfer of the exhaust gas after the warming.SOLUTION: An intake/exhaust device comprises a cylinder head 3 having an intake port 7 and an exhaust port 8 which extend from a combustion chamber 6 of an engine 1, and a supply/discharge-integrated manifold 5 which is integrally connected to a vertical sidewall 301 of the cylinder head, and has an opposing zone E in which an intake passage 9 and an exhaust passage 10 communicating with the intake port and the exhaust port are arranged in parallel while vertically opposing each other in the vertical direction. Heat movement regulation means 19 is arranged which regulates heat movement to peripheral walls wr1, wr2 of the intake zone and the exhaust zone in the opposing zone after the finish of warming in the internal combustion engine.

Description

本発明は、内燃機関の吸排気装置に関し、内燃機関のシリンダヘッドに締結される吸排マニホールドの吸排路間での排熱の移動を調整して充填効率を確保できるようにした内燃機関の吸排気装置に関する。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine, and relates to intake / exhaust of an internal combustion engine that can ensure filling efficiency by adjusting the movement of exhaust heat between intake / exhaust passages of an intake / exhaust manifold fastened to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. Relates to the device.

内燃機関は燃焼室での燃焼ガスの燃焼状態に応じた出力を発生するので、充填効率を高めるべく、混合ガスの流動特性、適正温度の保持、等を調整するようにしている。通常、内燃機関のシリンダヘッドはその縦向きの側壁の一側に吸気マニホールドが、他側に排気マニホールドがそれぞれ締結され、混合ガスを吸気マニホールド、燃焼室、排気マニホールドへとほぼ直状にスムーズに流して混合ガスの流動抵抗を抑え、充填効率を高める。更に、吸気マニホールドの吸気路の混合ガスが過度に高温化しないよう冷却機構部を付設し、過度に低温化して燃焼不安定化しないよう加温機構部を付設している。 Since the internal combustion engine generates an output corresponding to the combustion state of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber, the flow characteristics of the mixed gas, the maintenance of an appropriate temperature, and the like are adjusted in order to increase the charging efficiency. Normally, the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine has an intake manifold fastened to one side of its vertical side wall and an exhaust manifold fastened to the other side, and the mixed gas is smoothly fed almost straight into the intake manifold, combustion chamber and exhaust manifold. The flow efficiency is reduced by reducing the flow resistance of the mixed gas. Further, a cooling mechanism portion is provided so that the mixed gas in the intake passage of the intake manifold does not become excessively hot, and a heating mechanism portion is attached so that the temperature becomes excessively low and combustion does not become unstable.

ところで一方、内燃機関の構成簡素化、低コスト化の要求があり、このような場合に、内燃機関のシリンダヘッドの一側壁に吸排気路を形成する吸排マニホールドを締結した、所謂、ターンフローエンジンが知られている。
このターンフローエンジンは、例えば２気筒のエンジンの場合、図９，１０に示すように、シリンダヘッド１３０の一側壁に吸排一体型マニホールド１００を取り付け、これにインテークマニホールド１１０及びエキゾーストマニホールド１２０を一体的に形成した構成を採っている。このように形成することで、シリンダヘッド１３０の構造の簡素化、加工の容易さから、簡便な低コストエンジンとして広く開発されている。 On the other hand, there is a demand for simplification of the configuration of the internal combustion engine and cost reduction. In such a case, a so-called turn flow engine in which an intake / exhaust manifold is formed on one side wall of a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine is fastened. It has been known.
For example, in the case of a two-cylinder engine, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the turn flow engine is provided with an intake / exhaust integrated manifold 100 on one side wall of a cylinder head 130, and an intake manifold 110 and an exhaust manifold 120 are integrated therewith. The structure formed in is adopted. By forming in this way, it has been widely developed as a simple low-cost engine because of the simplification of the structure of the cylinder head 130 and the ease of processing.

例えば、特許文献１には排気マニホールドにサージタンクや冷却水アウトレットチャンバーを一体形成した構成が開示される。この一体型の排気マニホールドをシリンダヘッドの側壁に締結するに際し、シリンダヘッドの冷却水の出口を冷却水アウトレットチャンバーに連結した状態で締結することで、余分なスペース確保を不要としたものが開示されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a surge tank and a cooling water outlet chamber are integrally formed on an exhaust manifold. When this integrated exhaust manifold is fastened to the side wall of the cylinder head, it is disclosed that an extra space is not required by fastening the cylinder head with the coolant outlet connected to the coolant outlet chamber. ing.

実公昭６３−０２５３１１号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-025311

しかし、特許文献１では、排気マニホールドが吸気マニホールドの下方に配置されている。このため、燃焼室から排出される高温の排気によって吸気マニホールド内の吸気が常に温められ、充填効率が悪化してしまうという問題がある。 However, in Patent Document 1, the exhaust manifold is disposed below the intake manifold. For this reason, there is a problem that the intake air in the intake manifold is always warmed by the high-temperature exhaust discharged from the combustion chamber, and the charging efficiency is deteriorated.

本発明は以上のような課題を解決するもので、目的とするのは、車暖機前に排気路の排ガスの熱を吸気路に伝えて燃焼促進を図り、暖機後には排ガスの熱移動を抑制して燃焼室での充填効率の低下を防止できる内燃機関の吸排気装置を提供することにある。 The present invention solves the above-described problems. The object is to transmit the heat of exhaust gas in the exhaust passage to the intake passage before warming up the vehicle to promote combustion, and heat transfer of exhaust gas after warm-up. It is an object to provide an intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine that can suppress the charging efficiency in the combustion chamber by suppressing the above.

本願請求項１の発明は、内燃機関の燃焼室より延びる吸気ポート及び排気ポートを設けたシリンダヘッドと、前記シリンダヘッドの縦向き側壁に一体結合されると共に前記吸気ポート及び前記排気ポートに連通する吸気路及び排気路が互いに鉛直方向上下に対向して並列配備される対向区間を設けた吸排一体型マニホールドを備え、前記対向区間の吸気路及び排気路の周壁に対して前記内燃機関の暖機完了後に熱移動を規制する熱移動規制手段を設けた、ことを特徴とする。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, a cylinder head provided with an intake port and an exhaust port extending from a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and a vertical side wall of the cylinder head are integrally coupled and communicated with the intake port and the exhaust port. An intake / exhaust integrated manifold having an opposing section in which an intake path and an exhaust path are arranged in parallel vertically opposite each other, and warms up the internal combustion engine with respect to the peripheral walls of the intake path and the exhaust path in the facing section A heat transfer restricting means for restricting heat transfer after completion is provided.

本願請求項２の発明は、請求項１記載の内燃機関の吸排気装置において、前記対向区間の吸気路と排気路との間に流体室を備え、前記熱移動規制手段は、前記内燃機関の暖機完了後に前記流体室を水平方向に分割することを特徴とする。 The invention of claim 2 of the present application is the intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a fluid chamber is provided between the intake passage and the exhaust passage of the opposed section, and the heat transfer restricting means is provided for the internal combustion engine. The fluid chamber is divided in the horizontal direction after the warm-up is completed.

本願請求項３の発明は、請求項２記載の内燃機関の吸排気装置において、前記熱移動規制手段は、前記流体室内に回動自在な遮蔽板を有し、前記内燃機関の暖機完了前に前記遮蔽板を鉛直方向に保持し、前記内燃機関の暖機完了後に前記遮蔽板を水平方向に保持して前記空間を水平方向に二分割することを特徴とする内燃機関の吸排気装置。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine according to the second aspect, the heat movement restricting means includes a rotatable shielding plate in the fluid chamber, and before the warm-up of the internal combustion engine is completed. An intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine, wherein the shield plate is held in a vertical direction, and the space is divided into two in the horizontal direction by holding the shield plate in a horizontal direction after the warm-up of the internal combustion engine is completed.

本願請求項４の発明は、請求項１から３までのいずれか１項に記載の内燃機関の吸排気装置において、前記シリンダヘッドは前記吸気ポート及び排気ポートをそれぞれ２つ有し、前記吸気路及び排気路は前記吸気ポート及び排気ポートに対応してそれぞれ２つ設けられ、前記対向区間内の２つの前記吸気路は、水平方向において前記対向区間内の２つの前記排気路よりも内側に位置するように配備されることを特徴とする内燃機関の吸排気装置。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of the first to third aspects, the cylinder head includes two intake ports and two exhaust ports, and the intake passage. And two exhaust passages corresponding to the intake port and the exhaust port, respectively, and the two intake passages in the facing section are positioned inward of the two exhaust passages in the facing section in the horizontal direction. An intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine, wherein

請求項１の発明では、熱移動規制手段が対向区間の鉛直方向上下に対向して吸気路及び排気路を設け、その吸気路及び排気路の周壁に対して熱移動を暖機前に促進し暖機後に規制する。このため、内燃機関の暖機完了前に排気路から上側の吸気路の周壁に対して排ガスの熱を伝え、燃焼安定化を図り、内燃機関の暖機完了後には排気路から吸気路の周壁に対して排ガスの熱が伝わることを熱移動規制手段が阻止でき、充填効率の低下を防止できる。 In the first aspect of the present invention, the heat movement restricting means is provided with the intake passage and the exhaust passage so as to be opposed to each other in the vertical direction of the opposed section, and promotes the heat movement with respect to the peripheral walls of the intake passage and the exhaust passage before warming up. Regulate after warm-up. For this reason, before the warm-up of the internal combustion engine is completed, the heat of the exhaust gas is transmitted from the exhaust passage to the peripheral wall of the upper intake passage to stabilize combustion, and after the warm-up of the internal combustion engine is completed, the peripheral wall of the intake passage from the exhaust passage In contrast, the heat transfer restricting means can prevent the heat of the exhaust gas from being transmitted, and the filling efficiency can be prevented from being lowered.

請求項２の発明では、特に、熱移動規制手段が内燃機関の暖機完了後に前記流体室を水平方向に分割するので、排気路から吸気路の周壁に対して冷却水の移動により排ガスの熱が伝わることを阻止でき、充填効率の低下を防止できる。 In the invention of claim 2, in particular, since the heat transfer restricting means divides the fluid chamber in the horizontal direction after the warm-up of the internal combustion engine is completed, the heat of the exhaust gas is transferred by the movement of the cooling water from the exhaust passage to the peripheral wall of the intake passage. Can be prevented, and a decrease in filling efficiency can be prevented.

請求項３の発明では、特に、内燃機関の暖機完了後に前記遮蔽板が水平方向に保持されるので、空間を水平方向に二分割するので、空気の上下流動により熱が伝わることを阻止でき、充填効率の低下を防止できる。 In the invention of claim 3, in particular, since the shielding plate is held in the horizontal direction after the warm-up of the internal combustion engine is completed, the space is divided into two in the horizontal direction, so that heat can be prevented from being transmitted by the vertical flow of air. , Can prevent a decrease in filling efficiency.

請求項４の発明では、排気路からの熱が吸気路に伝わりにくくなり、暖機完了後の吸気の過度な高温化を抑制することができる。 In the invention of claim 4, heat from the exhaust passage becomes difficult to be transmitted to the intake passage, and excessively high temperature of the intake air after completion of warm-up can be suppressed.

本発明の第１実施形態としての内燃機関の吸排気装置の全体構成図である。1 is an overall configuration diagram of an intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine as a first embodiment of the present invention. 図１に示す内燃機関の吸排気装置の吸排一体マニホールド拡大要部断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an enlarged main part of an intake / exhaust integrated manifold of the intake / exhaust device of the internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 1. 図２に示す内燃機関の吸排気装置の吸排一体マニホールドの平面図概略断面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the intake / exhaust integrated manifold of the internal combustion engine intake / exhaust device shown in FIG. 2. 図２に示す内燃機関の吸排気装置の開時の作動説明図である。FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram when the intake / exhaust device of the internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 2 is opened. 図２に示す内燃機関の吸排気装置の閉時の作動説明図である。FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram when the intake / exhaust device of the internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 2 is closed. 本発明の第２実施形態としての排気装置の吸排一体マニホールド拡大要部断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the expansion principal part of the intake / exhaust integral manifold of the exhaust apparatus as 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 図６の概略平面図である。FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 6. 本発明の第３実施形態としての排気装置の吸排一体マニホールドの概略正面拡大要部断面図である。It is a general | schematic front enlarged principal part sectional drawing of the intake / exhaust integrated manifold of the exhaust apparatus as 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 従来の内燃機関の吸排気装置の概略正面図である。It is a schematic front view of the conventional intake / exhaust device of an internal combustion engine. 図９の概略平面図である。FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 9.

以下、本発明の第１実施形態である内燃機関の吸排気装置を説明する。
内燃機関の吸排気装置Ｍ１は２気筒のターンフローエンジン（以後単にエンジンと記す）１の一側面に装着される。このエンジン１はシリンダブロック２、シリンダヘッド３、ヘッドカバー４を上下方向に重ね一体形成され、シリンダヘッド３の一側の縦壁３０１に吸排一体型マニホールド（以後単に吸排マニホールドと記す）５を締結し、一体結合している。シリンダヘッド３内の燃焼室６には吸排ポート７，８が形成されその延出端は縦壁３０１に開口する。
排気ポート８に対し吸気ポート７は上方に配備され、吸気ポート７に吸排マニホールド５の吸気路（吸気分岐路）９が、排気ポート８に吸排マニホールド５の排気路（排気分岐路）１０が連結する。
ここで、シリンダヘッド３は吸気ポート７及び排気ポート８をそれぞれ２つ有し、吸気ポート及び排気ポートに対応して吸気路（吸気分岐路）９及び排気路（排気分岐路）１０がそれぞれ２つ設けられる。 Hereinafter, an internal combustion engine intake / exhaust device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An intake / exhaust device M1 for an internal combustion engine is mounted on one side of a two-cylinder turn flow engine (hereinafter simply referred to as an engine) 1. The engine 1 includes a cylinder block 2, a cylinder head 3, and a head cover 4 that are integrally stacked in a vertical direction, and an intake / exhaust integrated manifold (hereinafter simply referred to as an intake / exhaust manifold) 5 is fastened to a vertical wall 301 on one side of the cylinder head 3. , Are united. Intake and discharge ports 7 and 8 are formed in the combustion chamber 6 in the cylinder head 3, and their extending ends open to the vertical wall 301.
The intake port 7 is disposed above the exhaust port 8, and the intake port 7 is connected to the intake path (intake branch path) 9 of the intake / exhaust manifold 5, and the exhaust port 8 is connected to the exhaust path (exhaust branch path) 10 of the intake / exhaust manifold 5. To do.
Here, the cylinder head 3 has two intake ports 7 and two exhaust ports 8 respectively, and two intake paths (intake branch paths) 9 and two exhaust paths (exhaust branch paths) 10 correspond to the intake ports and the exhaust ports, respectively. Provided.

吸排マニホールド５の吸気路９は吸気管１１を介してサージタンク１２の吸入口１３に連通する。吸排マニホールド５の排気路１０は排気管１４を介して、マフラー１５に連結する。
なお、これらの構成は左右の２つのシリンダで左右対称に同一形状で形成されている。
図２に示すように、吸排マニホールド５において、一対のシリンダの吸気路９，９は比較的上部に互いに接近配備され、一対のシリンダの排気路１０は比較的下部に互いに離れて配備される。ここで、各気筒の吸気路９及び排気路１０が互いに鉛直方向上下に対向して配備され、これら４つの流路は吸排マニホールド５の突出し方向（図３で上下方向）Ｚの全域にわたり、上下左右に互いに対向して並列配備され、対向区間Ｅを形成している。
なお、対向区間Ｅ内の２つの吸気路（吸気分岐路）９は、水平方向において対向区間E内の２つの排気路（排気分岐路）１０よりも内側に位置するように配備される。 The intake passage 9 of the intake / exhaust manifold 5 communicates with the intake port 13 of the surge tank 12 via the intake pipe 11. The exhaust passage 10 of the intake / exhaust manifold 5 is connected to a muffler 15 via an exhaust pipe 14.
In addition, these structures are formed in the same shape by two left and right cylinders symmetrically.
As shown in FIG. 2, in the intake / exhaust manifold 5, the intake passages 9, 9 of the pair of cylinders are arranged relatively close to each other, and the exhaust passages 10 of the pair of cylinders are arranged relatively far apart from each other. Here, the intake passage 9 and the exhaust passage 10 of each cylinder are arranged vertically opposite to each other, and these four passages are arranged vertically in the projecting direction (vertical direction in FIG. 3) Z of the intake / exhaust manifold 5. Opposed in parallel on the left and right sides, an opposing section E is formed.
Note that the two intake passages (intake branch passages) 9 in the facing section E are arranged so as to be located inside the two exhaust passages (exhaust branch paths) 10 in the facing section E in the horizontal direction.

吸排マニホールド５の４つの流路（各一対の吸気路及び排気路）に囲まれた対向区間Ｅには正面視で矩形の流体室１７が形成される。
図２に示すように、対向区間Ｅの流体室１７は各流路周壁に接する水室であり、その側方下部が第１、第２気筒の各排気路１０の周壁部ｗｒ１、ｗｒ１と対向し、側方上部の各中央側が第１、第２気筒の各吸気路９の周壁ｗｒ２、ｗｒ２と対向するよう形成される。
ここで、第１、第２気筒の各排気路１０の周壁部ｗｒ１、ｗｒ１の中央側のみが流体室１７に対向するよう構成される。これにより、第１、第２気筒の各排気路１０からの熱が吸気路に伝わる程度を調整し、これにより、暖機完了後の吸気の過度な高温化を抑制するようにしている。
このような矩形の流体室１７は閉鎖状態で形成され、流体室１７は外部側となるエンジンの不図示のウォータージャケットにのみ連通可能に形成され、冷却水が外部と流通（循環）するよう構成されている。 A rectangular fluid chamber 17 is formed in the opposed section E surrounded by the four flow paths (each pair of intake and exhaust paths) of the intake / exhaust manifold 5 when viewed from the front.
As shown in FIG. 2, the fluid chamber 17 in the facing section E is a water chamber in contact with each flow passage circumferential wall, and its lower side faces the circumferential wall portions wr1 and wr1 of the exhaust passages 10 of the first and second cylinders. Then, each central side of the upper side is formed so as to face the peripheral walls wr2 and wr2 of the intake passages 9 of the first and second cylinders.
Here, only the center side of the peripheral wall portions wr1 and wr1 of the exhaust passages 10 of the first and second cylinders is configured to face the fluid chamber 17. As a result, the degree to which the heat from the exhaust passages 10 of the first and second cylinders is transmitted to the intake passage is adjusted, thereby suppressing an excessive increase in the temperature of the intake air after the warm-up is completed.
Such a rectangular fluid chamber 17 is formed in a closed state, and the fluid chamber 17 is formed so as to be able to communicate only with a water jacket (not shown) of the engine on the outside, so that cooling water flows (circulates) outside. Has been.

図２、３に示すように、流体室１７の中央には突出し方向Ｚに延びる回転軸１８１を介して遮蔽板１８が回動自在に配備される。ここで、熱移動規制手段の要部を成す遮蔽板１８はエンジン１の暖機完了前に鉛直方向に保持され、エンジン１の暖機完了後に水平方向に保持されて流体室１７（空間）を水平方向に二分割するよう切り換える。
図１に示すように、遮蔽板１８と一体の回転軸１８１の一端はシリンダヘッド３の縦壁３０１に回転可能に支持され、他端は吸排マニホールド５の対向区間Ｅの外側対向部に取り付けたモータ（ステップモータ）１９に連結される。
このモータ１９はドライバ２１を介してコントローラ２２に接続される。
ここで、コントローラ２２、モータ１９、流体室１７の回転軸１８１と一体の遮蔽板１８、が第１実施形態での熱移動規制手段を構成する。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a shielding plate 18 is rotatably disposed at the center of the fluid chamber 17 via a rotation shaft 181 that extends in the protruding direction Z. Here, the shielding plate 18 constituting the main part of the heat transfer restricting means is held in the vertical direction before the warming-up of the engine 1 is completed, and is held in the horizontal direction after the warming-up of the engine 1 is completed. Switch to divide horizontally into two parts.
As shown in FIG. 1, one end of a rotating shaft 181 integrated with the shielding plate 18 is rotatably supported by the vertical wall 301 of the cylinder head 3, and the other end is attached to the outer facing portion of the facing section E of the intake / exhaust manifold 5. A motor (step motor) 19 is connected.
The motor 19 is connected to the controller 22 via a driver 21.
Here, the controller 22, the motor 19, and the shielding plate 18 integrated with the rotating shaft 181 of the fluid chamber 17 constitute the heat transfer restricting means in the first embodiment.

図２に示すように、遮蔽板１８は板状弁で、回転軸１８１を介してモータ１９により閉鎖位置Ｐ１と開放位置Ｐ２とに切り換え作動される。閉鎖位置Ｐ１で遮蔽板１８は、図５に示すように、幅ｂ１の左右の側方中央部ｗｃに接近配備され、流体室１７を上下に２分して流体である冷却水の上下流動を阻止し、下部域に滞留ｑ２状態に保持する。この状態において、各排気路１０を通過する排ガスからは周壁部ｗｒ１、ｗｒ１を通して熱流ｈ１が冷却水に伝わるが、冷却水は滞留ｑ２状態に保持され、高温化しても各吸気路９の周壁部ｗｒ２には移動しない。
一方、遮蔽板１８が開放位置Ｐ２に切り換わると、図４に示すように、流体室１７の中央に縦向きに保持され、流体室１７を上下に冷却水が流動ｑ１することを許容する。この状態において、各排気路１０を通過する排ガスからは周壁部ｗｒ１、ｗｒ１を通して熱流ｈ１が冷却水に伝わり、加熱された冷却水は上下に流動ｑ１して各吸気路９の周壁部ｗｒ２を通して吸気を加熱する。 As shown in FIG. 2, the shielding plate 18 is a plate-like valve, and is switched between a closed position P1 and an open position P2 by a motor 19 via a rotating shaft 181. In the closed position P1, as shown in FIG. 5, the shielding plate 18 is disposed close to the left and right side central portions wc of the width b1, and divides the fluid chamber 17 up and down to allow the coolant to flow up and down. Block and hold in the q2 state in the lower zone. In this state, the heat flow h1 is transmitted to the cooling water from the exhaust gas passing through each exhaust passage 10 through the peripheral wall portions wr1 and wr1, but the cooling water is maintained in the staying q2 state, and the peripheral wall portion of each intake passage 9 is maintained even when the temperature is increased. It does not move to wr2.
On the other hand, when the shielding plate 18 is switched to the open position P2, as shown in FIG. 4, the shielding plate 18 is held vertically in the center of the fluid chamber 17, and allows the cooling water to flow q1 up and down the fluid chamber 17. In this state, the heat flow h1 is transmitted to the cooling water from the exhaust gas passing through each exhaust passage 10 through the peripheral wall portions wr1 and wr1, and the heated cooling water flows up and down q1 and is sucked through the peripheral wall portion wr2 of each intake passage 9. Heat.

このような、図１の第１実施形態の内燃機関の吸排気装置Ｍ１では、エンジン１が冷態始動されると、コントローラ２２が水温信号ｗｔを読み取り、モータ１９の位置を読み取る。
暖機前で、モータ１９が開放位置Ｐ２にないと、開放信号ｓ２を出力し、これを受けてドライバ２１がモータ１９を駆動し、遮蔽板１８を開放位置Ｐ２に切り換え移動させる。
暖機完了までの間、吸排マニホールド５の対向区間Ｅを通過する排気は周壁部ｗｒ１、ｗｒ１を通して流体室１７の冷却水を加熱し、流体室１７の冷却水を上下に流動ｑ１させ、対向区間Ｅの各吸気路９の周壁部ｗｒ２を通して吸気を加熱する。これにより、暖機前においても、吸気の過度な低温化を抑制し、燃焼室６での混合ガスの燃焼が安定的になされ、エンジン１が適正出力を発揮できる。 In the intake / exhaust device M1 for the internal combustion engine of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, when the engine 1 is cold-started, the controller 22 reads the water temperature signal wt and reads the position of the motor 19.
If the motor 19 is not in the open position P2 before warming up, an open signal s2 is output. In response to this, the driver 21 drives the motor 19 to switch the shielding plate 18 to the open position P2.
Until the warm-up is completed, the exhaust gas passing through the opposed section E of the intake / exhaust manifold 5 heats the cooling water in the fluid chamber 17 through the peripheral wall portions wr1 and wr1 and causes the cooling water in the fluid chamber 17 to flow up and down q1 to face the opposed section. The intake air is heated through the peripheral wall portion wr2 of each intake passage 9 of E. Thereby, even before warm-up, excessively low intake air temperature is suppressed, combustion of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber 6 is stably performed, and the engine 1 can exhibit an appropriate output.

コントローラ２２が水温信号ｗｔの暖機完了（冷却水温度が所定値を上回る）を読み取ると、閉鎖信号ｓ１を出力し、これを受けてドライバ２１がモータ１９を駆動し、遮蔽板１８を閉鎖位置Ｐ１に切り換え移動させる。
暖機完了後は、吸排マニホールド５の対向区間Ｅを通過する排気は周壁部ｗｒ１、ｗｒ１を通して熱流ｈ１が流体室１７の冷却水を加熱するが、遮蔽板１８が左右側方中央部ｗｃに接近配備され、流体室１７が上下に２分され、冷却水の上下流動を阻止している。
このため、下部域に滞留ｑ２する冷却水は高温化しても各吸気路９の周壁部ｗｒ２には移動せず、吸排マニホールド５の対向区間Ｅを通過する吸気が流体室１７の冷却水に加熱されることが抑制される。しかも、流体室１７の上部は第１、第２気筒の各排気路１０の周壁部ｗｒ１、ｗｒ１の中央側のみと対向するので、第１、第２気筒の各排気路１０からの熱が吸気路に過度に伝わることを防止でき、この点も吸排マニホールド５の対向区間Ｅを通過する吸気が流体室１７の冷却水に加熱されることが抑制される。
このように、暖機後において、吸気の過度な高温化を抑制し、燃焼室６での充填効率の低下を防止でき、エンジン１が適正出力を発揮できる。
このように、図１の第１実施形態の内燃機関の吸排気装置Ｍ１では、遮蔽板１８等の熱移動規制手段が対向区間Ｅの吸気路９及び排気路１０の周壁ｗｒ１、ｗｒ２に対して熱移動を暖機前に促進し、暖機後に規制する。この場合、暖機前に対向区間Ｅの排気路１０から鉛直方向上下で上側の吸気路９の周壁ｗｒ２に対して排ガスの熱を冷却水の上下流動により伝える。これにより、燃焼促進を図り、暖機後には冷却水の上下流動を抑制して、対向区間Ｅの排気路１０から吸気路９の周壁に対し排ガスの熱が伝わることを阻止でき、充填効率の低下を防止できる。 When the controller 22 reads the completion of warming-up of the water temperature signal wt (cooling water temperature exceeds a predetermined value), the controller 22 outputs a closing signal s1, and the driver 21 drives the motor 19 in response to this, and the shielding plate 18 is closed. Switch to P1 and move.
After the warm-up is completed, the exhaust gas passing through the opposed section E of the intake / exhaust manifold 5 heats the cooling water in the fluid chamber 17 through the peripheral wall portions wr1 and wr1, but the shielding plate 18 approaches the left and right side central portion wc. The fluid chamber 17 is vertically divided into two parts to prevent the coolant from flowing up and down.
For this reason, even if the cooling water staying in the lower region q2 rises in temperature, it does not move to the peripheral wall portion wr2 of each intake passage 9 and the intake air passing through the opposed section E of the intake / exhaust manifold 5 is heated to the cooling water in the fluid chamber 17 Is suppressed. In addition, since the upper portion of the fluid chamber 17 faces only the central side of the peripheral wall portions wr1 and wr1 of the exhaust passages 10 of the first and second cylinders, the heat from the exhaust passages 10 of the first and second cylinders is taken into the intake air. It is possible to prevent the air from being excessively transmitted to the path, and also in this respect, the intake air passing through the opposed section E of the intake / exhaust manifold 5 is suppressed from being heated by the cooling water in the fluid chamber 17.
Thus, after warm-up, excessively high temperature of the intake air can be suppressed, the reduction of the charging efficiency in the combustion chamber 6 can be prevented, and the engine 1 can exhibit an appropriate output.
As described above, in the intake / exhaust device M1 for the internal combustion engine of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the heat transfer restricting means such as the shielding plate 18 is provided to the intake passage 9 in the facing section E and the peripheral walls wr1, wr2 of the exhaust passage 10. Promote heat transfer before warming up and regulate after warming up. In this case, the heat of the exhaust gas is transmitted from the exhaust passage 10 of the facing section E to the peripheral wall wr2 of the upper intake passage 9 in the vertical direction before and after warming up by the vertical flow of the cooling water. As a result, the combustion is promoted, and the vertical flow of the cooling water is suppressed after warming up, so that the heat of the exhaust gas can be prevented from being transmitted from the exhaust passage 10 in the opposed section E to the peripheral wall of the intake passage 9, thereby improving the charging efficiency. Decline can be prevented.

次に、図６を参照して、本発明の第２実施形態の内燃機関の吸排気装置Ｍ２を説明する。なお、ここでの内燃機関の吸排気装置Ｍ２は第１実施形態の吸排気装置Ｍ１と対比し、移動規制手段と流体室１７ａの形状が相違する以外は同様構成を採ることより、重複説明を排し、同一部材には同一符号を付し、相違する構成部には符号ａを付記する。
ここでの熱移動規制手段は流体室１７ａの遮蔽板１８ａと、これをリンク機構２５を介して開閉駆動するサーモスタット２６とで構成される。
吸排マニホールド５には、図６、７に示すように、流体室１７ａの上部の一部側壁（ここでは正面視で右側）のみをエンジン長手方向（図６でエンジン左右方向）に沿って膨出して膨出部５０１ａが形成される。その膨出部５０１ａの内部に流体室１７ａの上部側と連通する突出し収容室１７１ａが形成される。この突出し収容室１７１ａ内にサーモスタット２６が配備される。
ここでの流体室１７ａの遮蔽板１８ａは第１実施形態の遮蔽板１８と同様であり、同様に作動する。なお、場合により、２点鎖線で示すように、流体室１７ａの上部の左右に膨出部Ｄ１を設けて冷態時の暖機促進効果を高めるようにしてもよい。 Next, an intake / exhaust device M2 for an internal combustion engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the intake / exhaust device M2 of the internal combustion engine is compared with the intake / exhaust device M1 of the first embodiment, and the same explanation is adopted except that the shape of the movement restricting means and the fluid chamber 17a is different. The same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the different components are denoted by a.
The heat transfer restricting means here includes a shielding plate 18 a of the fluid chamber 17 a and a thermostat 26 that opens and closes the shield plate 18 a via a link mechanism 25.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the intake / exhaust manifold 5 bulges only along the engine longitudinal direction (the left-right direction of the engine in FIG. 6) of the upper side wall of the fluid chamber 17 a (here, the right side in front view). Thus, a bulging portion 501a is formed. A protruding storage chamber 171a communicating with the upper side of the fluid chamber 17a is formed inside the bulging portion 501a. A thermostat 26 is provided in the protruding storage chamber 171a.
The shielding plate 18a of the fluid chamber 17a here is the same as the shielding plate 18 of the first embodiment and operates in the same manner. In some cases, as shown by a two-dot chain line, bulging portions D1 may be provided on the left and right of the upper portion of the fluid chamber 17a to enhance the warming-up promotion effect in the cold state.

このような、第２実施形態の吸排気装置Ｍ２では、冷態時に流体室１７ａの冷却水は低温化している場合、サーモスタット２６がリンク機構２５を介して遮蔽板１８ａを開放位置Ｐ２に保持する。エンジンの暖機が進むと、流体室１７ａ及びこれに連通する収容室１７１ａの冷却水が高温化し、サーモスタット２６がリンク機構２５を介して遮蔽板１８ａを閉鎖位置Ｐ１に切り換える。
このように第２実施形態の内燃機関の吸排気装置Ｍ２では熱移動規制手段がサーモスタット２６とリンク機構２５と遮蔽板１８ａとで構成されるので、構成の簡素化を図れる。更に、第１実施形態と同様に、暖機前に対向区間Ｅの排気路１０から上側の吸気路９の周壁ｗｒ２に対して排ガスの熱を冷却水の移動により伝える。これにより燃焼促進を図り、暖機後には冷却水の移動を停止させて、対向区間Ｅの排気路１０から吸気路９の周壁に対し排ガスの伝わることを熱移動規制手段の遮蔽板１８ａが阻止でき、充填効率の低下を防止できる。 In such an intake / exhaust device M2 of the second embodiment, when the cooling water in the fluid chamber 17a is cooled at the time of cooling, the thermostat 26 holds the shielding plate 18a in the open position P2 via the link mechanism 25. . As the engine warms up, the cooling water in the fluid chamber 17a and the storage chamber 171a communicating with the fluid chamber 17a rises in temperature, and the thermostat 26 switches the shielding plate 18a to the closed position P1 via the link mechanism 25.
Thus, in the intake / exhaust device M2 for the internal combustion engine of the second embodiment, the heat transfer restricting means is constituted by the thermostat 26, the link mechanism 25, and the shielding plate 18a, so that the structure can be simplified. Further, as in the first embodiment, the heat of the exhaust gas is transmitted from the exhaust passage 10 of the facing section E to the peripheral wall wr2 of the upper intake passage 9 by the movement of the cooling water before warming up. This promotes combustion, stops the movement of the cooling water after warming up, and the shielding plate 18a of the heat transfer restricting means prevents the exhaust gas from being transmitted from the exhaust passage 10 in the opposite section E to the peripheral wall of the intake passage 9. It is possible to prevent a decrease in filling efficiency.

上述のところにおいて、第１、第２実施形態では流体室１７、１７ａの冷却水の循環、遮断を遮蔽板１８、１８ａにより切り換え、吸気の過度の低下による燃焼不安定化を抑制して、燃焼安定化を図る。更に、暖機後には排気路から吸気路の周壁に対して排ガスの熱が伝わることを熱移動規制手段が阻止して、充填効率の低下を防止していた。
これに代えて、次のように構成することもできる。即ち、流体室１７に冷却水に代えて、単に空気を密封してその内部での空気の循環、遮断を暖機完了時に空室である流体室１７の遮蔽板１８により切り換える。この場合も、吸気の過度の低下による燃焼不安定化を抑制して燃焼安定化を図り、暖機後には、空気流動を阻止して充填効率の低下を防止してもよい。 As described above, in the first and second embodiments, the circulation and blocking of the cooling water in the fluid chambers 17 and 17a are switched by the shielding plates 18 and 18a to suppress combustion instability due to excessive reduction of intake air, and combustion Stabilize. Furthermore, after the warm-up, the heat transfer restricting means prevents the heat of the exhaust gas from being transferred from the exhaust path to the peripheral wall of the intake path, thereby preventing the charging efficiency from being lowered.
It can replace with this and can also comprise as follows. That is, instead of cooling water in the fluid chamber 17, the air is simply sealed, and the circulation and shut-off of the air inside the fluid chamber 17 are switched by the shielding plate 18 of the fluid chamber 17 which is an empty chamber when the warm-up is completed. In this case as well, combustion instability due to excessive reduction in intake air may be suppressed to stabilize combustion, and after warming up, air flow may be blocked to prevent a decrease in charging efficiency.

次に、図８を参照して、本発明の第３実施形態の内燃機関の吸排気装置Ｍ３を説明する。なお、ここでの内燃機関の吸排気装置Ｍ３は第１実施形態の吸排気装置Ｍ１と対比し、流体室１７に冷却水に代えて、排ガスが流入される以外は同様構成を採ることより、重複説明を排し、同一部材には同一符号を付し、相違する構成部には符号ｂを付記する。
この場合、図８に示すように、流体室１７ｂとその左右の排気路１０ｂ、１０ｂの間の排気路周壁ｗｒ１、ｗｒ１には貫通穴２８ｂ、２８ｂが形成される。これにより、暖機前は、左右の排気路１０ｂ、１０ｂより排ガスが貫通穴２８ｂ、２８ｂを通って流体室１７ｂに流入し、排ガスの熱で上側の吸気路９の周壁ｗｒ２を加熱し、吸気の過度の低下による燃焼不安定化を抑制して燃焼安定化を図る。更に、暖機後には、遮蔽板１８ｂが排ガス流動を阻止して、充填効率の低下を防止してもよい。
以上、上述の実施形態では２気筒のエンジンを説明したが、単気筒や３気筒等の複数気筒にも、本発明を同様に適用でき、同様の効果が得られる。
本発明の実施形態を説明したが、本発明は係る実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変形して実施することができる。 Next, an intake / exhaust device M3 for an internal combustion engine according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the intake / exhaust device M3 of the internal combustion engine here is similar to the intake / exhaust device M1 of the first embodiment, and adopts the same configuration except that exhaust gas flows into the fluid chamber 17 instead of cooling water. The duplicate description is omitted, the same reference numerals are given to the same members, and the reference numerals b are added to the different components.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, through holes 28b and 28b are formed in the exhaust passage peripheral walls wr1 and wr1 between the fluid chamber 17b and the left and right exhaust passages 10b and 10b. Thereby, before warm-up, exhaust gas flows into the fluid chamber 17b from the left and right exhaust passages 10b and 10b through the through holes 28b and 28b, heats the peripheral wall wr2 of the upper intake passage 9 with the heat of the exhaust gas, Combustion stabilization is suppressed by suppressing combustion instability due to excessive decrease in the amount of fuel. Further, after the warming-up, the shielding plate 18b may prevent the exhaust gas flow and prevent the filling efficiency from decreasing.
As described above, the two-cylinder engine has been described in the above-described embodiment. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a plurality of cylinders such as a single cylinder and three cylinders, and similar effects can be obtained.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

１エンジン
３シリンダヘッド
３０１縦向き側壁
５一体型マニホールド
６燃焼室
７吸気ポート
８排気ポート
９吸気路
１０排気路
１７、１７ａ流体室
１９熱移動規制手段
ｗｒ１、ｗｒ２周壁
Ｅ対向区間
Ｍ１、Ｍ２吸排気装置
Ｘ気筒列方向
Ｚ突出し方向 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Engine 3 Cylinder head 301 Vertical side wall 5 Integrated manifold 6 Combustion chamber 7 Intake port 8 Exhaust port 9 Intake passage 10 Exhaust passage 17, 17a Fluid chamber 19 Thermal movement control means wr1, wr2 Peripheral wall E Opposite section M1, M2 Intake and exhaust Device X Cylinder row direction Z Projection direction

Claims

内燃機関の燃焼室より延びる吸気ポート及び排気ポートを設けたシリンダヘッドと、前記シリンダヘッドの縦向き側壁に一体結合されると共に前記吸気ポート及び前記排気ポートに連通する吸気路及び排気路が互いに鉛直方向上下に対向して並列配備される対向区間を設けた吸排一体型マニホールドを備え、前記対向区間の吸気路及び排気路の周壁に対して前記内燃機関の暖機完了後に熱移動を規制する熱移動規制手段を設けた、ことを特徴とする内燃機関の吸排気装置。 A cylinder head provided with an intake port and an exhaust port extending from a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and an intake passage and an exhaust passage which are integrally coupled to a longitudinal side wall of the cylinder head and communicate with the intake port and the exhaust port are perpendicular to each other. The intake / exhaust integrated manifold is provided with opposed sections arranged in parallel opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and heat that restricts heat transfer after the warming-up of the internal combustion engine is completed with respect to the peripheral walls of the intake passage and the exhaust passage in the opposed section An intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that a movement restricting means is provided.

請求項１記載の内燃機関の吸排気装置において、
前記対向区間の吸気路と排気路との間に流体室を備え、
前記熱移動規制手段は、前記内燃機関の暖機完了後に前記流体室を水平方向に分割することを特徴とする内燃機関の吸排気装置。 The intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1,
A fluid chamber is provided between the intake passage and the exhaust passage in the opposite section,
The intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine, wherein the heat transfer restricting means divides the fluid chamber in a horizontal direction after the warm-up of the internal combustion engine is completed.

請求項２記載の内燃機関の吸排気装置において、
前記熱移動規制手段は、前記流体室内に回動自在な遮蔽板を有し、前記内燃機関の暖機完了前に前記遮蔽板を鉛直方向に保持し、前記内燃機関の暖機完了後に前記遮蔽板を水平方向に保持して前記空間を水平方向に二分割することを特徴とする内燃機関の吸排気装置。 The intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2,
The heat movement restricting means has a rotatable shielding plate in the fluid chamber, holds the shielding plate in a vertical direction before the warming-up of the internal combustion engine is completed, and shields the thermal engine after the warming-up of the internal combustion engine is completed. An intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine, wherein a plate is held in a horizontal direction and the space is divided into two in the horizontal direction.

請求項１から３までのいずれか１項に記載の内燃機関の吸排気装置において、
前記シリンダヘッドは前記吸気ポート及び排気ポートをそれぞれ２つ有し、前記吸気路及び排気路は前記吸気ポート及び排気ポートに対応してそれぞれ２つ設けられ、
前記対向区間内の２つの前記吸気路は、水平方向において前記対向区間内の２つの前記排気路よりも内側に位置するように配備されることを特徴とする内燃機関の吸排気装置。 The intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The cylinder head has two intake ports and two exhaust ports, and two intake passages and two exhaust passages are provided corresponding to the intake port and the exhaust port, respectively.
2. The intake / exhaust device for an internal combustion engine, wherein the two intake passages in the opposing section are disposed so as to be located inside the two exhaust passages in the opposing section in the horizontal direction.