JP2014145539A - Pressurized smoke prevention equipment and building with pressurized smoke prevention equipment - Google Patents

Pressurized smoke prevention equipment and building with pressurized smoke prevention equipment Download PDF

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JP2014145539A
JP2014145539A JP2013014724A JP2013014724A JP2014145539A JP 2014145539 A JP2014145539 A JP 2014145539A JP 2013014724 A JP2013014724 A JP 2013014724A JP 2013014724 A JP2013014724 A JP 2013014724A JP 2014145539 A JP2014145539 A JP 2014145539A
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room
smoke
air
opening
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JP6119270B2 (en
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Masashi Kishigami
昌史 岸上
Junichi Yamaguchi
純一 山口
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Obayashi Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restrict the number of air release ports provided in a building having a plurality of general rooms on the same floor, and to ensure degree of freedom in design of the building.SOLUTION: A pressurized smoke prevention equipment 10 supplies air to a smoke block opening 3 through an auxiliary room 2 and a neighboring room 5 of a building 1. A first general rooms 6A of a first and second general rooms adjacent to the neighboring room 5 having no air release port is provided with an air release port 7 and a bypass aperture 20 communicating with the neighboring room 5 or the second general rooms 6B.

Description

本発明は、加圧防排煙設備および加圧防排煙設備を備えた建物に関するものであり、具体的には、同フロアにて複数の一般室を含む建物において、空気逃し口の設置数を抑制し、建物の設計自由度も確保可能とする技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a pressurized smoke-removing facility and a building equipped with a pressurized smoke-removing facility, and specifically, in a building including a plurality of general rooms on the same floor, the number of air vents installed. It is related with the technology which can control the design and can secure the design freedom of the building.

所定規模の建築物においては、火災発生時に生じる煙を適切に排出させ、避難行動や消火活動を容易にする排煙設備の設置が必要となる。そのうち、加圧防排煙設備は、避難階段に隣接する室、特別避難階段の附室、その他これらに類する室といった、避難や消火活動の拠点について、給気口から給気した空気の流れによる遮煙開口部の加圧により、内部の煙を排除するとともに外部からの煙の流入を防止する機能を備えている。   In buildings of a predetermined scale, it is necessary to install smoke exhaust equipment that facilitates evacuation and fire-fighting activities by appropriately discharging smoke generated in the event of a fire. Among them, pressurized smoke prevention equipment is based on the flow of air supplied from the air supply vents at bases for evacuation and fire extinguishing activities such as rooms adjacent to evacuation stairs, special evacuation stairs and other similar rooms. By pressurizing the smoke-shielding opening, it has a function of eliminating the internal smoke and preventing the inflow of smoke from the outside.

こうした加圧防排煙設備においては、給気口から給気される空気およびこれに押圧される煙を排出出来るよう、隣接室もしくは一般室における空気逃し口の設置が必要とされている。空気逃し口を伴う加圧防排煙に関する技術としては、以下のような技術が提案されている。すなわち、煙の拡散を防止すると共に、避難路へ流れる煙を防止し、避難路の安全を確保することができる加圧排煙システムであって、火災時に、建物から屋外へ避難する避難経路の終点エリアへ加圧給気する加圧給気手段と、前記避難経路の始点エリアに設けられ、前記給気手段によって加圧された気流を屋外へ排気する開口部と、を有することを特徴とする加圧排煙システム（特許文献１）などが提案されている。   In such pressurized smoke-proofing equipment, it is necessary to install an air escape port in an adjacent room or a general room so that air supplied from the air supply port and smoke pressed against the air can be discharged. The following technologies have been proposed as technologies related to pressurized smoke prevention with air vents. In other words, it is a pressurized smoke exhaust system that can prevent smoke diffusion and prevent smoke flowing into the evacuation route and ensure the safety of the evacuation route. A pressurizing and supplying means for pressurizing and supplying air to the end point area, and an opening provided in the start point area of the evacuation route and exhausting the air flow pressurized by the supplying means to the outside A pressurized smoke exhaust system (Patent Document 1) is proposed.

特開平６−４２７８５号公報JP-A-6-42785

建物個々の設計によって異なるが、廊下等の隣接室が存在し、空気逃し口が一般室に設置された構造の建物においては、上述の空気逃し口の設置形態に由来する幾つかの問題点が存在している。   Although it depends on the design of each building, there are some problems derived from the above-mentioned air vent installation mode in buildings with adjacent rooms such as corridors and air vents installed in general rooms. Existing.

例えば、隣接室に面して複数の一般室が存在する場合に、それぞれの一般室全てに空気逃し口を設置するとすれば（図１Ａ参照）、空気逃し口設置の手間やコストがいたずらに増加する問題がある。空気逃し口の設置にあたっては、建物の躯体にて外気に向けた開口を設けると共に、外気に向け開口し常時開放出来ない点から、いわゆる雨仕舞い（降雨等による建物内への雨水吹き込みや浸水を防ぐ対策）や断熱対策を施す必要もあり、その施工コストや手間は無視できない。また、空気逃し口は、建物外観にて視認できる構造物となるため、その設置数が増えれば、デザインや美観の点で建物の利用者に不興を買う懸念もある。   For example, if there are multiple general rooms facing an adjacent room and air vents are installed in all the general rooms (see FIG. 1A), the labor and cost of installing the air vents will increase unnecessarily. There is a problem to do. When installing an air vent, an opening to the outside air is provided in the building's housing, and it is open to the outside air and cannot be opened at all times. Preventive measures) and thermal insulation measures must be taken, and the construction cost and effort cannot be ignored. In addition, since the air vent is a structure that can be visually recognized on the exterior of the building, if the number of the air vents is increased, there is a concern that the user of the building may be disappointed with respect to design and aesthetics.

また、一般室間を区切る間仕切り壁の位置を変更又は追加する際、空気逃し口の存在しない一般室が形成されてしまう場合（図１Ｂ参照）にも、やはり該当一般室への空気逃し口の追加設置が必要となり、同様の問題が生じる。他方、上述の間仕切り壁の位置変更又は追加に際しての問題を回避すべく、各一般室に空気逃し口が存在するように間仕切り壁の配置位置を考慮するとすれば、各一般室の空気逃し口間に間仕切り壁の配置可能範囲が限定され、建物設計上の制限が生じてしまうことになる（図１Ｃ）。   In addition, when changing or adding the position of the partition wall that divides the general rooms, if a general room that does not have an air vent is formed (see FIG. 1B), the air vent to the corresponding general room is also formed. Additional installation is required and similar problems arise. On the other hand, in order to avoid the problems in changing or adding the position of the partition wall described above, if the position of the partition wall is considered so that there is an air vent in each general room, the space between the air vents in each general room The range in which the partition wall can be arranged is limited to a limit in building design (FIG. 1C).

一方、複数の一般室のうち一室のみに空気逃し口を設けるとしても問題が生じる。空気逃し口を設置した一般室(空気逃し口設置室)以外の一般室(空気逃し口未設置室)で火災が発生し、なおかつ空気逃し口設置室における隣接室への扉が閉鎖状態であった場合、給気口から附室経由で遮煙開口部に供給される空気は、建物外部への流出経路が閉ざされ、遮煙開口部での必要風速を確保出来ない事態となる（図１Ｄ参照）。そのため、空気逃し口未設置室で生じた煙は、遮煙開口部で押し戻されることなく隣接室に侵入し、そのまま附室内に到達することになる。   On the other hand, even if an air vent is provided in only one of the plurality of general rooms, a problem arises. A fire broke out in a general room (a room without an air outlet) other than a general room with an air outlet (a room with an air outlet), and the door to the adjacent room in the air outlet was closed. In this case, the air supplied from the air supply port to the smoke shielding opening through the attached room closes the outflow path to the outside of the building, and the necessary wind speed at the smoke shielding opening cannot be secured (FIG. 1D). reference). Therefore, the smoke generated in the room where the air vent is not installed enters the adjacent room without being pushed back by the smoke shielding opening and reaches the attached room as it is.

そこで本発明は、同フロアにて複数の一般室を含む建物において、空気逃し口の設置数を抑制し、建物の設計自由度も確保可能とする技術の提供を目的とする。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique that can suppress the number of air outlets installed in a building including a plurality of general rooms on the same floor and can ensure the degree of freedom of design of the building.

上記課題を解決する加圧防排煙設備は、建物の附室および隣接室を通じて遮煙開口部に給気を行う加圧防排煙設備であって、空気逃し口未設置の隣接室に接した第１及び第２の２つの一般室のうち第１の一般室に、空気逃し口と、隣接室または第２の一般室と連通する迂回開口とを備えることを特徴とする。   A pressurized smoke evacuation facility that solves the above problems is a pressurized smoke evacuation facility that supplies air to the smoke shield opening through the building annex and adjacent rooms, and is in contact with an adjacent room where no air vent is installed. Of the first and second general chambers, the first general chamber is provided with an air escape port and a bypass opening communicating with the adjacent chamber or the second general chamber.

これによれば、複数ある一般室すべてに空気逃し口を設けずとも、一つの一般室に空気逃し口を設置することで、遮煙開口部に供給される空気の建物外部への流出経路が確保されることになる。そのため、空気逃し口設置の一般室と隣接室との間の扉が閉鎖していても、遮煙開口部において遮煙に必要な風速は確保され、附室内に煙が侵入する事態を回避出来る。また、一般室間を区切る間仕切り壁の位置も自由となり、ひいては建物設計の自由度も上昇する。したがって、同フロアにて複数の一般室を含む建物において、空気逃し口の設置数を抑制し、建物の設計自由度も確保可能となる。   According to this, without providing air outlets in all of the general rooms, by installing the air outlets in one general room, the outflow path of the air supplied to the smoke shield opening to the outside of the building can be achieved. Will be secured. Therefore, even if the door between the general room and the adjacent room where the air vent is installed is closed, the wind speed necessary for smoke shielding is secured at the smoke shielding opening, and the situation where smoke enters the attached room can be avoided. . In addition, the position of the partition wall for partitioning the general rooms is also free, and as a result, the degree of freedom in building design is increased. Therefore, in a building including a plurality of general rooms on the same floor, it is possible to suppress the number of installed air vents and to secure the degree of freedom in designing the building.

なお、上述の加圧防排煙設備において、空気逃し口未設置の隣接室に接した、上述の２つの一般室以外の他の一般室各間、および、他の一般室のうち第２の一般室に隣接する第３の一般室と第２の一般室との間、に迂回開口を備えるとしてもよい。これによれば、同フロアに一般室が３つ以上連接している状況にあっても、空気逃し口の設置数を１つに抑制しつつ、遮煙開口部に供給される空気の建物外部への流出経路を確保し、附室内に煙が侵入する事態を回避出来ることとなる。   In addition, in the above-described pressurized smoke-proofing facility, the second of the other general rooms, and the second of the other general rooms, in contact with the adjacent room where the air vent is not installed. A bypass opening may be provided between the third general room and the second general room adjacent to the general room. According to this, even when there are three or more general rooms connected to the same floor, the number of air vents installed is reduced to one, and the air supplied to the smoke shield opening is outside the building. It will be possible to secure an outflow route to and prevent smoke from entering the attached room.

また、上述の加圧防排煙設備において、隣接室と一般室との間仕切り壁または一般室間の間仕切り壁を建物天井部で跨ぐ空気経路と、当該空気経路の両端における開口たる迂回開口とを備えるとしてもよい。これによれば、隣接室と一般室との間仕切り壁や、一般室間の間仕切り壁といった、使用者に視認されやすく美観を問われる、或いは、開口を設けると各種設備や家具等の設置に対する制約となりやすい、といった部位に迂回開口を設ける事態を回避出来る。   Further, in the above-described pressurized smoke-exhaust equipment, an air path straddling the partition wall between the adjacent room and the general room or the partition wall between the general rooms at the ceiling of the building, and a bypass opening that is an opening at both ends of the air path It may be provided. According to this, the partition wall between the adjacent room and the general room, the partition wall between the general rooms, which is easy to be visually recognized by the user, asks the beauty, or if an opening is provided, restrictions on the installation of various facilities and furniture It is possible to avoid a situation where a detour opening is provided at a site where it is easy to become.

また、上述の加圧防排煙設備において、隣接室と一般室との間仕切り壁または一般室間の間仕切り壁を建物床下部で跨ぐ空気経路と、当該空気経路の両端における開口たる迂回開口とを備えるとしてもよい。これによれば、隣接室と一般室との間仕切り壁や、一般室間の間仕切り壁といった、使用者に視認されやすく美観を問われる、或いは、開口を設けると各種設備や家具等の設置に対する制約となりやすい、といった部位に迂回開口を設ける事態を回避出来る。また、上述の空気経路及び迂回開口を床下（例：ＯＡフロアなどの二重床）に設置する場合、設置作業やメンテナンスの容易さも良好なものとなる。   Further, in the above-mentioned pressurized smoke-proofing equipment, an air path that spans the partition wall between the adjacent room and the general room or the partition wall between the general rooms at the lower part of the building floor, and a bypass opening that is an opening at both ends of the air path. It may be provided. According to this, the partition wall between the adjacent room and the general room, the partition wall between the general rooms, which is easy to be visually recognized by the user, asks the beauty, or if an opening is provided, restrictions on the installation of various facilities and furniture It is possible to avoid a situation where a detour opening is provided at a site where it is easy to become. In addition, when the above-described air path and bypass opening are installed under the floor (for example, a double floor such as an OA floor), the ease of installation work and maintenance is also good.

また、本発明の建物は、建物の附室および隣接室を通じて遮煙開口部に給気を行う加圧防排煙設備として、空気逃し口未設置の隣接室に接した第１及び第２の２つの一般室のうち第１の一般室に、空気逃し口と、前記隣接室または第２の一般室と連通する迂回開口とを備える加圧防排煙設備を設置したことを特徴とする。   Moreover, the building of this invention is the 1st and 2nd which contacted the adjacent room in which the air escape port is not installed as a pressurization smoke prevention facility which supplies air to a smoke-shielding opening part through the attached room and adjacent room of a building. Of the two general chambers, the first general chamber is provided with a pressurized smoke-proofing facility equipped with an air escape port and a bypass opening communicating with the adjacent chamber or the second general chamber.

本発明によれば、同フロアにて複数の一般室を含む建物において、空気逃し口の設置数を抑制し、建物の設計自由度も確保可能となる。   According to the present invention, in a building including a plurality of general rooms on the same floor, the number of air vents installed can be suppressed, and the degree of freedom in designing the building can be ensured.

従来における加圧防排煙設備の構造例１を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example 1 of the conventional pressurization smoke prevention equipment. 従来における加圧防排煙設備の構造例２を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example 2 of the pressurization smoke prevention equipment in the past. 従来における加圧防排煙設備の構造例３を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example 3 of the conventional pressurization smoke prevention equipment. 従来における加圧防排煙設備の構造例４を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example 4 of the conventional pressurization smoke prevention equipment. 第１実施形態の加圧防排煙設備の構造例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of the pressurization smoke prevention equipment of 1st Embodiment. 第２実施形態の加圧防排煙設備の構造例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of the pressurization smoke prevention equipment of 2nd Embodiment. 第３実施形態の加圧防排煙設備の構造例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example of the pressurization smoke prevention equipment of 3rd Embodiment. 加圧防排煙設備における迂回開口の設置形態例１を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the installation example 1 of the detour opening in a pressurized smoke-proof installation. 加圧防排煙設備における迂回開口の設置形態例２を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the installation example 2 of a detour opening in a pressurized smoke prevention equipment. 加圧防排煙設備における迂回開口の設置形態例３を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the installation example 3 of a bypass opening in a pressurization smoke prevention installation.

−−−第１実施形態−−−
以下に本発明の実施形態について図面を用いて詳細に説明する。図２は第１実施形態の加圧防排煙設備１０の構造例を示す図である。加圧防排煙設備１０は、同フロアにて複数の一般室を含む建物において、空気逃し口の設置数を抑制し、建物の設計自由度も確保可能とするものである。本実施形態の加圧防排煙設備１０が設置される建物１は、図２の平面図にて示すように、外気と連通している給気風道４、特別避難階段８及びその附室２、遮煙開口部３を介して附室２と連絡する廊下等の隣接室５、隣接室５と連絡する室のうち附室２以外の室たる一般室６Ａ（第１の一般室）、６Ｂ（第２の一般室）、を備えた構造となっている。なお、特別避難階段８は、建物１の１５階以上又は地下３階以下の階に通ずる直通階段である。 --- First Embodiment ---
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structural example of the pressurized smoke-exhaust equipment 10 according to the first embodiment. The pressurized smoke prevention equipment 10 suppresses the number of air vents installed in a building including a plurality of general rooms on the same floor, and can ensure the degree of freedom of design of the building. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, the building 1 in which the pressurized smoke-exhaust facility 10 according to the present embodiment is installed has an air supply passage 4, a special evacuation staircase 8, and its ancillary room 2 communicating with the outside air. An adjacent room 5 such as a corridor that communicates with the ancillary room 2 through the smoke shielding opening 3, a general room 6A (first general room) that is a room other than the annexed room 2 among the rooms that communicate with the adjacent room 5, 6B (Second general room). The special evacuation staircase 8 is a direct staircase that leads to floors 15 or more of the building 1 or 3 floors below the basement.

一方、加圧防排煙設備１０は、適宜な吸気ファンを介して給気風道４から附室２内に向けた給気を行う給気口３１と、この給気口３１から供給された空気の流れ、すなわち気流を受けて隣接室５から附室２への煙の侵入を防ぐ遮煙開口部３と、遮煙開口部３で上述の気流に押圧された隣接室５の空気及び煙を一般室６Ａに導く迂回開口２０と、この迂回開口２０から一般室６Ａ内に導かれた煙を外部に排出する空気逃し口７とから構成されている。   On the other hand, the pressurized smoke-removing facility 10 has an air supply port 31 that supplies air from the air supply path 4 into the auxiliary room 2 via an appropriate intake fan, and air supplied from the air supply port 31. The smoke shielding opening 3 that prevents the intrusion of smoke from the adjacent room 5 into the attached room 2 by receiving the flow of air, and the air and smoke in the adjacent chamber 5 pressed by the above-described air flow at the smoke shielding opening 3 The bypass opening 20 leads to the general chamber 6A, and the air escape port 7 discharges the smoke guided from the bypass opening 20 into the general chamber 6A to the outside.

火災発生時には、火災報知器等の適宜な火災検知手段からの信号を受けた給気口３１の吸気ファンが稼働して、附室２への給気を開始すると共に、同様の信号を受けた上述の空気逃し口７の開閉機構が空気逃し口７を開放し、一般室６Ａにおける煙排出口を確保する。なお、給気口３１の吸気ファンは、火災報知器等からの信号を受けて当該吸気ファンの駆動モータを起動する適宜な制御装置を備えている。また、空気逃し口７の開閉機構は、火災報知器等からの信号を受けて、当該開閉機構の開閉扉を開放する向きに駆動させる適宜な制御装置を備えている。   In the event of a fire, the intake fan of the air supply port 31 that has received a signal from an appropriate fire detection means such as a fire alarm is activated and starts supplying air to the annex 2 and receives a similar signal. The opening / closing mechanism of the air escape port 7 opens the air escape port 7 and secures a smoke discharge port in the general chamber 6A. Note that the intake fan of the air supply port 31 includes an appropriate control device that receives a signal from a fire alarm or the like and activates a drive motor of the intake fan. The opening / closing mechanism of the air escape port 7 is provided with an appropriate control device that receives a signal from a fire alarm or the like and drives the opening / closing door of the opening / closing mechanism in an opening direction.

上述のように加圧防排煙設備１０においては、複数ある一般室６Ａ、６Ｂのうち一つの一般室６Ａにのみ空気逃し口７を設け、またこの一般室６Ａには隣接室５に向けた迂回開口２０が備わっている。そのため、例えば一般室６Ｂで火災が発生し、その煙が扉１１ｂを介して隣接室５に及んで一般室６Ｂと隣接室５を満した状況下で、一般室６Ａと隣接室５との間の扉１１ａが閉鎖されていても、遮煙開口部３から迂回開口２０および空気逃し口７に至る流出経路は常に確保された状態となる。従って遮煙開口部３において遮煙に必要な風速は確保され、附室２内に煙が侵入する事態を回避出来る。   As described above, in the pressurized smoke-proofing facility 10, the air escape port 7 is provided only in one general chamber 6A among the plurality of general chambers 6A and 6B, and the general chamber 6A is directed to the adjacent chamber 5. A bypass opening 20 is provided. Therefore, for example, a fire occurs in the general room 6B, and the smoke reaches the adjacent room 5 through the door 11b and fills the general room 6B and the adjacent room 5, and thus between the general room 6A and the adjacent room 5 Even when the door 11a is closed, the outflow path from the smoke shielding opening 3 to the bypass opening 20 and the air escape opening 7 is always secured. Therefore, the wind speed necessary for smoke shielding is secured in the smoke shielding opening 3, and the situation where smoke enters the ancillary room 2 can be avoided.

こうした加圧防排煙設備１０を備える建物１であれば、一般室６Ａと一般室６Ｂの間を区切る間仕切り壁９は、一般室６Ａの空気逃し口７と迂回開口２０の設置箇所を越えて一般室６Ａ内に入り込んだ位置や、空気逃し口７や迂回開口２０を閉塞しない位置でありさえすれば、その設置位置も自由となり、ひいては建物設計の自由度も上昇する。   In the case of the building 1 having such a pressurized smoke-proofing facility 10, the partition wall 9 that divides the general room 6A and the general room 6B extends beyond the installation location of the air outlet 7 and the bypass opening 20 of the general room 6A. As long as the position enters the general room 6A or a position that does not block the air escape port 7 or the bypass opening 20, the installation position becomes free, and the degree of freedom in building design also increases.

なお、上述した迂回開口２０を含む加圧防排煙設備１０において、給気口３１からの給気時に隣接室５の圧力が１９．６（Ｐａ）を超えないよう、各室（一般室６Ａ、６Ｂ、隣接室５、附室２）の容積と空気逃し口７および迂回開口２０の開口サイズとの関係性を予め考慮した構造とする。給気時の隣接室５の圧力が１９．６（Ｐａ）を超えない構造とする理由は以下の通りである。空気逃し口７の機能は、附室２からの給気により生ずる、隣接室５や一般室６Ａ、６Ｂなどの汚染領域の圧力上昇を一定の許容圧力差以下に抑えることである。この許容圧力差として、昭４８建告第２５６４号（防火区画に用いる遮煙性能を有する防火設備の構造方法を定める件）の中で用いられている防火シャッターでの遮煙性能試験の基準圧力差である１９．６（Ｐａ）を用いている。なお、上述の許容圧力差は、遮煙性能試験での漏気量を測定する場合の設定差圧であり、この圧力差以内であれば必要とする遮煙性能が担保されることになる。   Note that, in the pressurized smoke-exhaust / exhaust equipment 10 including the bypass opening 20 described above, each chamber (general chamber 6A) so that the pressure in the adjacent chamber 5 does not exceed 19.6 (Pa) when supplying air from the supply port 31. , 6B, the adjacent chamber 5, the auxiliary chamber 2) and the relationship between the size of the air escape port 7 and the opening size of the bypass opening 20 are considered in advance. The reason why the pressure in the adjacent chamber 5 at the time of supplying air does not exceed 19.6 (Pa) is as follows. The function of the air escape port 7 is to suppress the pressure increase in the contaminated areas such as the adjacent chamber 5 and the general chambers 6A and 6B caused by the supply from the auxiliary chamber 2 to a certain allowable pressure difference or less. As this permissible pressure difference, the standard pressure of the smoke-proof performance test with the fire-proof shutter used in Sho 48 Kensaku No. 2564 (determining the construction method of fire-proof equipment with smoke-proof performance used in fire-proof sections) A difference of 19.6 (Pa) is used. In addition, the above-mentioned permissible pressure difference is a set differential pressure when measuring the amount of air leakage in the smoke shielding performance test, and if it is within this pressure difference, the necessary smoke shielding performance is secured.

−−−第２実施形態−−−
図３は、第２実施形態の加圧防排煙設備１０の構造例を示す図である。この実施形態における加圧防排煙設備１０は、上述した第１実施形態の場合と異なり、迂回開口２０が一般室６Ａと一般室６Ｂを区切る間仕切り壁９に設けられている。一般室６Ａに空気逃し口７が備わっている点は第１実施形態と同様である。 --- Second Embodiment ---
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a structural example of the pressurized smoke-exhaust equipment 10 according to the second embodiment. Unlike the case of the first embodiment described above, the bypass smoke-proof facility 10 in this embodiment is provided in the partition wall 9 that divides the general chamber 6A and the general chamber 6B. The point that the general chamber 6A is provided with the air escape port 7 is the same as in the first embodiment.

こうした構造の加圧防排煙設備１０においては、複数ある一般室６Ａ、６Ｂのうち一つの一般室６Ａにのみ空気逃し口７を設け、またこの一般室６Ａには、隣り合う一般室６Ｂに向けた迂回開口２０が備わっている。そのため、例えば一般室６Ｂで火災が発生し、その煙が扉１１ｂを介して隣接室５に及んで一般室６Ｂと隣接室５を満した状況下で、一般室６Ａと隣接室５との間の扉１１ａが閉鎖されていても、遮煙開口部３から一般室６Ｂを経た迂回開口２０および空気逃し口７に至る流出経路は常に確保された状態となる。従って遮煙開口部３において遮煙に必要な風速は確保され、附室２内に煙が侵入する事態を回避出来る。   In the pressurized smoke evacuation facility 10 having such a structure, the air escape port 7 is provided only in one general chamber 6A among the plurality of general chambers 6A and 6B, and the general chamber 6A includes an adjacent general chamber 6B. A detour opening 20 is provided. Therefore, for example, a fire occurs in the general room 6B, and the smoke reaches the adjacent room 5 through the door 11b and fills the general room 6B and the adjacent room 5, and thus between the general room 6A and the adjacent room 5 Even if the door 11a is closed, the outflow path from the smoke shielding opening 3 to the bypass opening 20 and the air escape opening 7 through the general chamber 6B is always secured. Therefore, the wind speed necessary for smoke shielding is secured in the smoke shielding opening 3, and the situation where smoke enters the ancillary room 2 can be avoided.

こうした加圧防排煙設備１０を備える建物１であれば、一般室６Ａと一般室６Ｂの間を区切る間仕切り壁９は、一般室６Ａの空気逃し口７の設置箇所を越えて一般室６Ａ内に入り込んだ位置や、空気逃し口７を閉塞しない位置でありさえすれば、その設置位置も自由となり、ひいては建物設計の自由度も上昇する。   In the case of the building 1 having such a pressurized smoke prevention facility 10, the partition wall 9 separating the general room 6A and the general room 6B extends beyond the installation location of the air vent 7 in the general room 6A. As long as it is in a position where it enters or does not block the air vent 7, its installation position becomes free, and the degree of freedom in building design also increases.

−−−第３実施形態−−−
図４は第３実施形態の加圧防排煙設備１０の構造例を示す図である。この実施形態における加圧防排煙設備１０は、上述した第２実施形態における建物１とほぼ同様の構造ながら、同フロアに４室の一般室が備わる構造に適用されるものとなる。この場合の加圧防排煙設備１０においては、第２実施形態で示した、一般室６Ａにおける空気逃し口７および迂回開口２０に加えて、一般室６Ｂとこれに隣接する一般室６Ｃ（第３の一般室）との間の間仕切り壁９ｃに迂回開口２０ｃ、および、一般室６Ｃとこれに隣接する一般室６Ｄとの間の間仕切り壁９ｄに迂回開口２０ｄが備わっている。 --- Third Embodiment ---
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a structural example of the pressurized smoke-exhaust equipment 10 according to the third embodiment. The pressurized smoke evacuation facility 10 in this embodiment is applied to a structure in which four general rooms are provided on the same floor, although the structure is almost the same as that of the building 1 in the second embodiment. In the pressurized smoke-proofing facility 10 in this case, in addition to the air escape port 7 and the bypass opening 20 in the general chamber 6A shown in the second embodiment, the general chamber 6B and the adjacent general chamber 6C (first 3c) is provided with a bypass opening 20c, and a partition wall 9d between the general chamber 6C and the adjacent general chamber 6D is provided with a bypass opening 20d.

そのため、例えば一般室６Ｄで火災が発生し、その煙が迂回開口２０ｄを介して一般室６Ｃや隣接室５にも及んで、一般室６Ｄ〜６Ｂと隣接室５を満した状況下で、一般室６Ａ〜６Ｄと隣接室５との各間の扉のうち１つだけ（図の例では、扉１１ｃ）が開放されているとしても、遮煙開口部３から一般室６Ｃ（扉１１ｃが開放されている一般室）を経た各迂回開口２０ｃ、２０および空気逃し口７に至る流出経路は常に確保された状態となる。また、一般室６Ｄと一般室６Ｄとの間は迂回開口２０ｄで連通しているため、一般室６Ｄを満たす煙は、上述の流出経路における気流による負圧に引かれ、隣接する一般室６Ｃに流入し、そのまま流出経路に乗って外部に排出されることとなる。従って遮煙開口部３において遮煙に必要な風速は確保され、附室２内に煙が侵入する事態を回避出来る。こうした機能や効果は、同フロアに一般室が５つ以上連接している状況にあっても、各一般室間を迂回開口で連通させることで同様に実現される。   Therefore, for example, a fire occurs in the general room 6D, and the smoke reaches the general room 6C and the adjacent room 5 through the bypass opening 20d, so that the general rooms 6D to 6B and the adjacent room 5 are filled. Even if only one of the doors between each of the chambers 6A to 6D and the adjacent chamber 5 (the door 11c in the illustrated example) is opened, the general chamber 6C (the door 11c is opened from the smoke shielding opening 3). The outflow path to each of the bypass openings 20c and 20 and the air escape opening 7 that has passed through the general room is always secured. Further, since the general chamber 6D and the general chamber 6D communicate with each other through the bypass opening 20d, the smoke that fills the general chamber 6D is drawn by the negative pressure due to the airflow in the outflow path described above, and enters the adjacent general chamber 6C. It flows in and goes out on the outflow route as it is. Therefore, the wind speed necessary for smoke shielding is secured in the smoke shielding opening 3, and the situation where smoke enters the ancillary room 2 can be avoided. These functions and effects can be realized in the same way by connecting each general room with a detour opening even when five or more general rooms are connected to the same floor.

−−−迂回開口の設置形態−−−
これまで述べてきた迂回開口２０は、図５に示すように、建物１のスラブ２２、２５間に立設する間仕切り壁９に設けることを想定していた（ここでは、間仕切り壁９の概念に一般室と隣接室５の間の壁も含める）。ところが、間仕切り壁９などの壁体は、各室の使用者がそのまま視認する位置にあり、また、各種設備や家具等の背面を当接する面となることが多い。従って、そのような間仕切り壁９に迂回開口２０を設けるとすれば、各室の使用者に視認されやすく美観を問われる、或いは、設けた迂回開口が各種設備や家具等の設置制約となりやすい事態を招く恐れがある。 ---- Installation form of bypass opening ---
As shown in FIG. 5, the bypass opening 20 described so far has been assumed to be provided in the partition wall 9 standing between the slabs 22 and 25 of the building 1 (here, the concept of the partition wall 9 is used). Including the wall between the general room and the adjacent room 5). However, the wall body such as the partition wall 9 is in a position where the user of each room can visually recognize as it is, and often serves as a surface that comes into contact with the back surface of various facilities and furniture. Therefore, if the bypass opening 20 is provided in such a partition wall 9, it is easy for the user of each room to be visually recognized, and the aesthetic appearance is questioned, or the provided bypass opening is likely to be an installation restriction for various facilities and furniture. There is a risk of inviting.

そこで、加圧防排煙設備１０は、図６に示す設置形態例の如く、天井板２３と上部スラブ２２との間の余剰空間２６（天井部）で間仕切り壁９を跨ぐ空気経路２１と、この空気経路２１の両端における開口たる迂回開口２０とを備えるとしてもよい。間仕切り壁９の両側のいずれか一方の室で生じた煙は、一方の迂回開口２０に流れ込み、余剰空間２６を空気経路２１として移動し、他方の迂回開口２０から流下し、他方の室に流れ込むことになる。こうした構成の加圧防排煙設備１０であれば、使用者に視認されやすく美観を問われる、或いは、開口を設けると各種設備や家具等の設置に対する制約となりやすい、間仕切り壁９に迂回開口２０を設ける事態を回避出来る。   Therefore, the pressurized smoke-proofing facility 10 has an air path 21 that straddles the partition wall 9 in the surplus space 26 (ceiling part) between the ceiling plate 23 and the upper slab 22, as in the installation example shown in FIG. It is good also as providing the detour opening 20 which is an opening in the both ends of this air path 21. FIG. Smoke generated in one of the chambers on both sides of the partition wall 9 flows into one bypass opening 20, moves through the surplus space 26 as an air path 21, flows down from the other bypass opening 20, and flows into the other chamber. It will be. With the pressure-and-smoke evacuation facility 10 having such a configuration, it is easy for the user to visually recognize the aesthetic appearance, or when an opening is provided, the opening of the partition wall 9 tends to be a restriction on the installation of various facilities and furniture. Can be avoided.

その他にも、図７に示す迂回開口の設置形態例の如く、二重床２４と下部スラブ２５との間の余剰空間２７（床下部）で間仕切り壁９を跨ぐ空気経路２１と、この空気経路２１の両端における開口たる迂回開口２０とを備えるとしてもよい。間仕切り壁９の両側のいずれか一方の室で生じた煙は、一方の迂回開口２０に流下し、床下の余剰空間２７を空気経路２１として移動し、他方の迂回開口２０から流出し、他方の室に流れ込むことになる。こうした構成の加圧防排煙設備１０であれば、使用者に視認されやすく美観を問われる、或いは、開口を設けると各種設備や家具等の設置に対する制約となりやすい、間仕切り壁９に迂回開口２０を設ける事態を回避出来る。また、上述の空気経路２１及び迂回開口２０を床下（例：ＯＡフロアなどの二重床）に設置するため、高所作業は不要であり、迂回開口２０等の設置作業やメンテナンスの容易さも良好なものとなる。   In addition, as in the configuration example of the bypass opening shown in FIG. 7, the air path 21 straddling the partition wall 9 in the surplus space 27 (lower floor) between the double floor 24 and the lower slab 25, and the air path It is good also as providing the detour opening 20 which is an opening in the both ends of 21. Smoke generated in one of the chambers on both sides of the partition wall 9 flows down to one bypass opening 20, moves through the excess space 27 under the floor as an air path 21, flows out of the other bypass opening 20, Will flow into the room. With the pressure-and-smoke evacuation facility 10 having such a configuration, it is easy for the user to visually recognize the aesthetic appearance, or when an opening is provided, the opening of the partition wall 9 tends to be a restriction on the installation of various facilities and furniture. Can be avoided. Further, since the air path 21 and the bypass opening 20 described above are installed under the floor (for example, a double floor such as an OA floor), work at a high place is unnecessary, and the installation work and maintenance of the bypass opening 20 and the like are also easy. It will be something.

本実施形態によれば、同フロアにて複数の一般室を含む建物において、空気逃し口の設置数を抑制し、建物の設計自由度も確保可能となる。   According to the present embodiment, in a building including a plurality of general rooms on the same floor, the number of air vents installed can be suppressed, and the design freedom of the building can be ensured.

以上、本発明の実施の形態について、その実施の形態に基づき具体的に説明したが、これに限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更可能である。   As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described concretely based on the embodiment, it is not limited to this and can be variously changed in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

１ 建物
２ 附室
３ 遮煙開口部
４ 給気風道
５ 隣接室
６Ａ 一般室（第１の一般室）
６Ｂ 一般室（第２の一般室）
６Ｃ 一般室（第３の一般室）
７ 空気逃し口
８ 特別避難階段
９、９ｃ、９ｄ 間仕切り壁
１０ 加圧防排煙設備
１１ａ〜１１ｄ 扉（一般室−隣接室間の扉）
２０、２０ｃ、２０ｄ 迂回開口
２１ 空気経路
２２ 上部スラブ
２３ 天井板
２４ 二重床
２５ 下部スラブ
２６ 余剰空間（天井部）
２７ 余剰空間（床下部）
３１ 給気口 1 Building 2 Annex 3 Smoke-proof opening 4 Supply air duct 5 Adjacent room 6A General room (first general room)
6B General room (second general room)
6C General room (third general room)
7 Air Escape 8 Special Evacuation Stairs 9, 9c, 9d Partition Wall 10 Pressurized Smoke Prevention Equipment 11a-11d Door (door between general room and adjacent room)
20, 20c, 20d Detour opening 21 Air path 22 Upper slab 23 Ceiling plate 24 Double floor 25 Lower slab 26 Excess space (ceiling)
27 Surplus space (lower floor)
31 Air supply port

Claims (5)

建物の附室および隣接室を通じて遮煙開口部に給気を行う加圧防排煙設備であって、空気逃し口未設置の隣接室に接した第１及び第２の２つの一般室のうち第１の一般室に、空気逃し口と、前記隣接室または第２の一般室と連通する迂回開口とを備えることを特徴とする加圧防排煙設備。   A pressurization and smoke control facility that supplies air to the smoke-shielding opening through the building adjoining room and the adjoining room, out of the first and second general rooms that are in contact with the adjoining room where the air vent is not installed The pressurized smoke-exhaust equipment, wherein the first general chamber comprises an air escape port and a bypass opening communicating with the adjacent chamber or the second general chamber. 前記空気逃し口未設置の隣接室に接した、前記２つの一般室以外の他の一般室各間、および、前記他の一般室のうち前記第２の一般室に隣接する第３の一般室と前記第２の一般室との間、に迂回開口を備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の加圧防排煙設備。   Between the other general rooms other than the two general rooms, and the third general room adjacent to the second general room among the other general rooms, which is in contact with the adjacent room where the air outlet is not installed. 2. The pressurized smoke-proof facility according to claim 1, further comprising a bypass opening between the first general chamber and the second general chamber. 隣接室と一般室との間仕切り壁または一般室間の間仕切り壁を建物天井部で跨ぐ空気経路と、当該空気経路の両端における開口たる前記迂回開口とを備えることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の加圧防排煙設備。   The air path which straddles the partition wall between an adjacent room and a general room, or the partition wall between general rooms by a building ceiling part, and the said bypass opening which is an opening in the both ends of the said air path are provided. Pressurized smoke prevention equipment described in 1. 隣接室と一般室との間仕切り壁または一般室間の間仕切り壁を建物床下部で跨ぐ空気経路と、当該空気経路の両端における開口たる前記迂回開口とを備えることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の加圧防排煙設備。   The air path which straddles the partition wall between the adjacent room and the general room or the partition wall between the general rooms at the lower part of the building floor, and the bypass opening which is an opening at both ends of the air path are provided. Pressurized smoke prevention equipment described in 1. 建物の附室および隣接室を通じて遮煙開口部に給気を行う加圧防排煙設備であって、空気逃し口未設置の隣接室に接した第１及び第２の２つの一般室のうち第１の一般室に、空気逃し口と、前記隣接室または第２の一般室と連通する迂回開口とを備える加圧防排煙設備を設置したことを特徴とする、加圧防排煙設備を備えた建物。   A pressurization and smoke control facility that supplies air to the smoke-shielding opening through the building adjoining room and the adjoining room, out of the first and second general rooms that are in contact with the adjoining room where the air vent is not installed Pressurized smoke prevention equipment provided with an air escape port and a bypass opening communicating with the adjacent room or the second general room in the first general room. Building with.
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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US4944216A (en) * 1989-11-13 1990-07-31 Mccutchen Wilmot R Building emergency exhaust fan system
JPH04367670A (en) * 1991-06-15 1992-12-18 Mitsui Constr Co Ltd Smoke exhausting method at the time of fire in high multiple dwelling house
JPH0642785A (en) * 1992-07-23 1994-02-18 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Smoke discharging system through pressurization
JPH06233832A (en) * 1993-02-09 1994-08-23 Ohbayashi Corp Pressurized smoke-proof system
US5788571A (en) * 1997-01-22 1998-08-04 Ivison; John T. Method of venting smoke from highrise residential buildings
JP2001349591A (en) * 2000-06-05 2001-12-21 Shimizu Corp Pressurizing smokeproofing system
JP2002097806A (en) * 2000-09-26 2002-04-05 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd High-rise multiple dwelling house and smoke preventing and exhausting method by pressuring
JP2003185211A (en) * 2001-12-18 2003-07-03 Taisei Corp Pressurized smoke extraction system for firing room utilizing air conditioning facilities
JP2004305379A (en) * 2003-04-04 2004-11-04 Shimizu Corp Pressurized smoke prevention system
US20130005236A1 (en) * 2010-10-28 2013-01-03 Korea Institute Of Construction Technology Air supply damper for separately supplying leakage air flow and supplementary air flow, method for controlling the same, and smoke control system utilizing the same

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4944216A (en) * 1989-11-13 1990-07-31 Mccutchen Wilmot R Building emergency exhaust fan system
JPH04367670A (en) * 1991-06-15 1992-12-18 Mitsui Constr Co Ltd Smoke exhausting method at the time of fire in high multiple dwelling house
JPH0642785A (en) * 1992-07-23 1994-02-18 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd Smoke discharging system through pressurization
JPH06233832A (en) * 1993-02-09 1994-08-23 Ohbayashi Corp Pressurized smoke-proof system
US5788571A (en) * 1997-01-22 1998-08-04 Ivison; John T. Method of venting smoke from highrise residential buildings
JP2001349591A (en) * 2000-06-05 2001-12-21 Shimizu Corp Pressurizing smokeproofing system
JP2002097806A (en) * 2000-09-26 2002-04-05 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd High-rise multiple dwelling house and smoke preventing and exhausting method by pressuring
JP2003185211A (en) * 2001-12-18 2003-07-03 Taisei Corp Pressurized smoke extraction system for firing room utilizing air conditioning facilities
JP2004305379A (en) * 2003-04-04 2004-11-04 Shimizu Corp Pressurized smoke prevention system
US20130005236A1 (en) * 2010-10-28 2013-01-03 Korea Institute Of Construction Technology Air supply damper for separately supplying leakage air flow and supplementary air flow, method for controlling the same, and smoke control system utilizing the same

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