JP2001349591A - Pressurizing smokeproofing system - Google Patents
Pressurizing smokeproofing systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001349591A JP2001349591A JP2000167022A JP2000167022A JP2001349591A JP 2001349591 A JP2001349591 A JP 2001349591A JP 2000167022 A JP2000167022 A JP 2000167022A JP 2000167022 A JP2000167022 A JP 2000167022A JP 2001349591 A JP2001349591 A JP 2001349591A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- room
- smoke
- living room
- chamber
- balcony
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、オフィスビルやホ
テル等の建物において、火災によって居室内に発生した
煙の拡散を防止する加圧防煙システムに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pressurized smoke prevention system for preventing the diffusion of smoke generated in a living room by a fire in a building such as an office building or a hotel.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、オフィスビルやホテル等の建物に
おいて、火災によって居室内に発生した煙が廊下や階段
室への流動を防ぐシステムとして、廊下と階段室の間に
ある附室に給気加圧を行い、居室(火災室)から排煙フ
ァンによる機械排煙を行うことにより、廊下と火災室の
差圧を確保し、廊下への漏煙を防止していた。ところ
が、この機械排煙システムは、居室内の広い範囲の煙を
排出するため、排煙ファンの能力を大きくしなければな
らずコストが増大すると共に、排煙温度が280℃を越
えると防火ダンパの閉鎖によって、排煙ファンが停止し
てしまうため、火災室の煙層降下や圧力上昇等が起こ
り、避難や消防活動上の支障が生じるという欠点を有し
ている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in buildings such as office buildings and hotels, as a system for preventing smoke generated in a living room by a fire from flowing to a corridor or a staircase, air is supplied to an annex room between the corridor and the staircase. By applying pressure and mechanically evacuating smoke from the living room (fire room) using a smoke exhaust fan, a differential pressure between the corridor and the fire room was secured, preventing smoke from leaking into the corridor. However, this mechanical smoke exhaust system discharges a wide range of smoke in the living room, so the capacity of the smoke exhaust fan must be increased, which increases the cost. In addition, when the smoke exhaust temperature exceeds 280 ° C, the fire prevention damper is used. As a result, the smoke exhaust fan stops, so that the smoke layer in the fire room drops, the pressure rises, and the like, and there is a drawback that evacuation and firefighting activities are hindered.
【0003】そこで、特開平6−42785号公報にお
いては、火災時に附室を給気加圧するとともに火災室の
圧力逃し口を開けることにより、気圧の高い附室から廊
下へ、また廊下から火災室へと流れる気流を発生させ、
煙を火災室内に押し込めて廊下や附室への煙の拡散を防
止するシステムを提案している。このシステムにおいて
は、前記圧力逃し口として壁貫式のヒートポンプの熱交
換用の開口部を利用している。In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-42785, in the event of a fire, the auxiliary room is supplied with air and pressurized and a pressure release port of the fire room is opened to open the room from a high pressure room to the corridor and from the corridor to the fire room. Generate an airflow that flows to
A system has been proposed to prevent the diffusion of smoke into corridors and annex rooms by forcing smoke into the fire room. In this system, an opening for heat exchange of a wall-through heat pump is used as the pressure relief port.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記従
来の方式においては、圧力逃し口として壁貫式のヒート
ポンプの熱交換用の開口部を利用しており、開口部の位
置が居室の比較的低い位置にあるため、居室の間仕切り
の新設や移設によっては排煙が困難になるスペースが生
じ、避難路が確保できなくなるという問題を有してい
る。また、圧力逃し口が大気に直接、開口されているた
めに、火災時に風圧の影響を受けやすく排煙がスムーズ
に行われないという問題を有している。However, in the above-mentioned conventional system, an opening for heat exchange of a wall-through heat pump is used as a pressure relief port, and the position of the opening is relatively low in the living room. Because of the location, there is a problem that a space where smoke exhaustion becomes difficult occurs due to the new installation or relocation of a room partition, and an evacuation route cannot be secured. Further, since the pressure release port is directly opened to the atmosphere, there is a problem in that the pressure release port is easily affected by wind pressure at the time of fire and smoke is not smoothly discharged.
【0005】本発明は、上記問題を解決するものであっ
て、機械排煙を行うことなく簡単な構成により避難路へ
の漏煙を長時間防止することができる加圧防煙システム
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and provides a pressurized smoke prevention system capable of preventing smoke leakage to an evacuation route for a long time with a simple configuration without performing mechanical smoke exhaustion. The purpose is to:
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】そのために本発明の加圧
防煙システムは、天井チャンバを有する居室と、該居室
に連通される廊下と、前記廊下と階段室との間に設けら
れる附室と、前記居室の窓側周囲に形成されたバルコニ
ーと、該バルコニーの上部に形成された排気チャンバ
と、前記天井チャンバと排気チャンバの間に設けられた
圧力逃し口と、前記附室に接続された加圧ファンとを備
えることを特徴とする。For this purpose, a pressurized smoke suppression system according to the present invention comprises a living room having a ceiling chamber, a corridor communicating with the living room, and an annex room provided between the corridor and the staircase. A balcony formed around the window side of the living room, an exhaust chamber formed above the balcony, a pressure relief port provided between the ceiling chamber and the exhaust chamber, and connected to the auxiliary room. And a pressurizing fan.
【0007】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】以下本発明の実施の形態を図面を
参照しつつ説明する。図1〜図3は、本発明の加圧防煙
システムの1実施形態を示し、図1は模式的平面図、図
2は、図1のX−X線に沿う断面図、図3は図2のバル
コニーの拡大断面図である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show one embodiment of the pressurized smoke prevention system of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1, and FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of 2 balconies.
【0008】図1において、建物1の内部には、居室
2、廊下(エレベータホールを含む)3、エレベータシ
ャフト4、階段室6に隣接する附室5等が設けられ、居
室2の窓側外周にはバルコニー7が設けられている。ま
た、居室2の隅部には会議室9が設けられている。In FIG. 1, a living room 2, a corridor (including an elevator hall) 3, an elevator shaft 4, an annex room 5 adjacent to a stair room 6, and the like are provided inside a building 1. Is provided with a balcony 7. A conference room 9 is provided at a corner of the living room 2.
【0009】図2において、居室2の上部には天井ボー
ド10が配設され、上階スラブ11との間に天井チャン
バ12が形成され、天井チャンバ12には複数の吸込口
12aが形成されている。図3に示すように、バルコニ
ー7の下部には腰壁7aが形成され、上部には垂壁7b
が形成されている。垂壁7bと外壁15との間には区画
ボード13が配設され、上階バルコニー7との間に排気
チャンバ14が形成されている。区画ボード13には複
数の排気口13aが形成されている。なお、図3におい
て、21は窓を示している。In FIG. 2, a ceiling board 10 is disposed above the living room 2, a ceiling chamber 12 is formed between the ceiling board 12 and the upper floor slab 11, and a plurality of suction ports 12a are formed in the ceiling chamber 12. I have. As shown in FIG. 3, a waist wall 7a is formed at the lower part of the balcony 7, and a vertical wall 7b is formed at the upper part.
Are formed. A partition board 13 is provided between the vertical wall 7b and the outer wall 15, and an exhaust chamber 14 is formed between the partition board 13 and the upper floor balcony 7. The partition board 13 has a plurality of exhaust ports 13a. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 21 denotes a window.
【0010】居室2の窓側三方の外壁15には、天井チ
ャンバ12と排気チャンバ14を接続する複数の圧力逃
し口16が設けられ、この圧力逃し口16にはダンパ1
6aが設けられている。なお、常時はダンパ16aは閉
鎖されている。そして、附室5には加圧ファン19が接
続されている。また、附室5と廊下3の間には、附室5
の圧力が所定値以上になると開くリリーフダンパ20が
設置されている。[0010] A plurality of pressure relief ports 16 for connecting the ceiling chamber 12 and the exhaust chamber 14 are provided in the outer wall 15 on three sides of the window of the living room 2.
6a is provided. The damper 16a is normally closed. A pressurizing fan 19 is connected to the auxiliary room 5. In addition, between annex room 5 and corridor 3,
A relief damper 20 is provided which opens when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value.
【0011】上記構成において、居室4の火災時には、
火災検知器によりダンパ12が開き、天井チャンバ12
を排気チャンバ14を介して大気に連通させるともに、
加圧ファン19を運転する。これにより附室5と大気と
の差圧により、各室の加圧レベルは、附室5が++と高
く、廊下3は+でやや高く、階段室6及び居室2は±で
圧力レベルがより低くなる。従って、附室5において加
圧された空気は、廊下3を経て居室2内に入り、居室2
内を上昇して天井チャンバ12から圧力逃し口16、排
気チャンバ14、排気口13aを経て大気に排出され
る。このとき、居室2内で発生した煙は速やかに上昇し
て天井チャンバ12内に導入され、圧力逃し口16を経
て大気に排出される。In the above configuration, in the event of a fire in the living room 4,
The damper 12 is opened by the fire detector and the ceiling chamber 12 is opened.
To the atmosphere via the exhaust chamber 14,
The pressurizing fan 19 is operated. Due to this, due to the pressure difference between the annex room 5 and the atmosphere, the pressurized level of each room is as high as +++ in the annex room 5, slightly higher in the corridor 3 as +, and ± in the staircase room 6 and the living room 2 and the pressure level is more Lower. Therefore, the air pressurized in the annex room 5 enters the living room 2 through the corridor 3 and enters the living room 2.
The air rises inside and is discharged from the ceiling chamber 12 to the atmosphere through the pressure relief port 16, the exhaust chamber 14, and the exhaust port 13a. At this time, the smoke generated in the living room 2 quickly rises, is introduced into the ceiling chamber 12, and is discharged to the atmosphere via the pressure relief port 16.
【0012】[0012]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
によれば、機械排煙を行わないので排煙温度が所定値を
越えた場合でも排煙が継続して行われるため、火災室の
煙層降下および廊下、附室等の避難路への漏煙を長時間
防止することができる。また、天井チャンバを排煙経路
とするため、居室の間仕切りを自由に変更することがで
き、さらに、排煙ダクトスペースが不要となり、天井高
を確保しつつ階高縮小が可能になるとともに、機械排煙
の縦シャフトや防煙垂壁が不要になるため、床面積を増
大させることができる。さらに、バルコニーの排気チャ
ンバから排煙させるため、風圧の影響を減少させること
ができる。As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, since smoke is not discharged mechanically, smoke is continuously discharged even when the temperature of the smoke exceeds a predetermined value. It is possible to prevent smoke descent and smoke leakage to evacuation routes such as corridors and annex rooms for a long time. In addition, since the ceiling chamber is used as a smoke exhaust path, the partition of the living room can be freely changed.Furthermore, there is no need for a smoke exhaust duct space. Since a vertical shaft for smoke exhaust and a smokeproof vertical wall are not required, the floor area can be increased. Furthermore, since smoke is exhausted from the exhaust chamber of the balcony, the influence of wind pressure can be reduced.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図1】本発明の加圧防煙システムの1実施形態を示す
模式的平面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing one embodiment of a pressurized smoke prevention system of the present invention.
【図2】図1のX−X線に沿う断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
【図3】図2のバルコニーの拡大断面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the balcony of FIG. 2;
2…居室 3…廊下 5…附室 6…階段室 7…バルコニー 12…天井チャンバ 14…排気チャンバ 16…圧力逃し口 19…加圧ファン 2 ... living room 3 ... corridor 5 ... annex room 6 ... staircase room 7 ... balcony 12 ... ceiling chamber 14 ... exhaust chamber 16 ... pressure relief port 19 ... pressurized fan
Claims (1)
通される廊下と、前記廊下と階段室との間に設けられる
附室と、前記居室の窓側周囲に形成されたバルコニー
と、該バルコニーの上部に形成された排気チャンバと、
前記天井チャンバと排気チャンバの間に設けられた圧力
逃し口と、前記附室に接続された加圧ファンとを備える
ことを特徴とする加圧防煙システム。1. A living room having a ceiling chamber, a corridor communicating with the living room, an annex room provided between the corridor and the staircase, a balcony formed around a window side of the living room, and the balcony An exhaust chamber formed at the top of the
A pressurized smoke prevention system comprising: a pressure relief port provided between the ceiling chamber and the exhaust chamber; and a pressurized fan connected to the auxiliary room.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000167022A JP2001349591A (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2000-06-05 | Pressurizing smokeproofing system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000167022A JP2001349591A (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2000-06-05 | Pressurizing smokeproofing system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2001349591A true JP2001349591A (en) | 2001-12-21 |
Family
ID=18670241
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000167022A Pending JP2001349591A (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2000-06-05 | Pressurizing smokeproofing system |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2001349591A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008006080A (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-17 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Smoke storage system |
JP2014145539A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-08-14 | Ohbayashi Corp | Pressurized smoke prevention equipment and building with pressurized smoke prevention equipment |
JP2017217192A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-14 | 清水建設株式会社 | Fire smoke control system for building |
-
2000
- 2000-06-05 JP JP2000167022A patent/JP2001349591A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008006080A (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-17 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Smoke storage system |
JP2014145539A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-08-14 | Ohbayashi Corp | Pressurized smoke prevention equipment and building with pressurized smoke prevention equipment |
JP2017217192A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-14 | 清水建設株式会社 | Fire smoke control system for building |
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