JP2014034933A - Method for learning fuel injection quantity of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method for learning fuel injection quantity of internal combustion engine Download PDF

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JP2014034933A
JP2014034933A JP2012177001A JP2012177001A JP2014034933A JP 2014034933 A JP2014034933 A JP 2014034933A JP 2012177001 A JP2012177001 A JP 2012177001A JP 2012177001 A JP2012177001 A JP 2012177001A JP 2014034933 A JP2014034933 A JP 2014034933A
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learning
internal combustion
combustion engine
determination
execution
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JP5912984B2 (en
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Munehiro Ikeda
宗弘 池田
Takahiro Otsuka
孝博 大塚
Masaaki Amaike
雅明 天池
Naohiko Oikawa
直彦 笈川
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Toyota Industries Corp
Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1497—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2441—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by the learning conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
    • F02D41/2467—Characteristics of actuators for injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
    • F02D2200/0414—Air temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0606—Fuel temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
    • F02D2200/101—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/70—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the vehicle exterior
    • F02D2200/703—Atmospheric pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/12—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration
    • F02D41/123—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for deceleration the fuel injection being cut-off

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for learning a fuel injection quantity of an internal combustion engine, which can find out a suitable correction value of an injector by suitably performing learning control even when operation hard to execute the learning control is repeated such as repeat of close range operation.SOLUTION: The method for learning a fuel injection quantity of an internal combustion engine includes: learning condition determination steps (S22-S28) for determining whether or not an execution condition of learning control is satisfied at execution timing of the learning control; a learning execution step (S30) for executing the learning control when satisfaction of the execution condition is determined in the learning condition determination steps; a learning frequency determination step (S12) for determining an execution frequency of the learning control; and a learning frequency increase step (S14B) which when it is determined that the execution frequency determined in the learning frequency determination step does not reach a predetermined frequency, forcedly increases the execution frequency of the learning control.

Description

本発明は、内燃機関の無噴射運転時にインジェクタから学習用噴射を行って内燃機関の挙動を観測してインジェクタの補正量を求める学習制御を実行する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine in which learning control is performed by performing learning injection from an injector during non-injection operation of the internal combustion engine, observing the behavior of the internal combustion engine, and obtaining a correction amount of the injector.

従来より、ディーゼル機関（内燃機関）では、インジェクタから高圧の燃料をシリンダ内に噴射しているが、燃焼騒音の低減やＮＯｘの抑制を目的として、メインとなる燃料噴射に先立って、微少量の燃料を噴射するいわゆるパイロット噴射を実施している。このパイロット噴射による燃焼騒音の低減やＮＯｘの抑制の充分な効果を得るためには、パイロット噴射による噴射量の精度が要求される。
ところが、インジェクタから噴射される実際の噴射量（燃料量）は、指令した噴射量に対して、噴射量のずれ（ずれ量）が存在する。しかも、ずれ量は図２に示すように一定ではなく、累積期間に応じて変化しており、且つインジェクタ毎に個体差もある。
このため、適切なタイミングで燃料噴射量の学習制御を行って、その時点でのずれ量を推定し、インジェクタの補正量を求めている。 Conventionally, in a diesel engine (internal combustion engine), high-pressure fuel is injected into a cylinder from an injector. However, for the purpose of reducing combustion noise and suppressing NOx, a small amount of fuel is injected prior to main fuel injection. So-called pilot injection is performed to inject fuel. In order to obtain a sufficient effect of reducing combustion noise by the pilot injection and suppressing NOx, the accuracy of the injection amount by the pilot injection is required.
However, the actual injection amount (fuel amount) injected from the injector has a deviation (shift amount) in the injection amount with respect to the commanded injection amount. In addition, the amount of deviation is not constant as shown in FIG. 2, varies according to the accumulation period, and there are individual differences for each injector.
Therefore, learning control of the fuel injection amount is performed at an appropriate timing, the deviation amount at that time is estimated, and the correction amount of the injector is obtained.

そこで、特許文献１に記載された従来技術には、学習制御において、内燃機関の指令噴射量がゼロ以下となる無噴射運転時にインジェクタから学習用噴射（単発噴射）を実行し、学習用噴射によって上昇した内燃機関の回転数の変動量と内燃機関の回転数とに基づいて発生トルクを算出し、算出した発生トルクから実際の噴射量を推定し、推定した実際の噴射量と学習用噴射の指令噴射量との差からずれ量を求めて補正量を算出する、ディーゼル機関の噴射量制御装置が記載されている。
なお、特許文献１に記載されている方法では、内燃機関の回転数の変動量を用いるため、学習制御の実行時における内燃機関の環境条件が一定でなければ正確な補正量を求めることができない可能性がある。
そこで、特許文献２に記載された従来技術には、内燃機関の動作環境条件の変化に応じた環境補正量を算出して、当該環境補正量を用いて学習制御において推定する実際の噴射量を補正し、より正確なインジェクタの補正量を求めることができる、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法が記載されている。 Therefore, in the conventional technique described in Patent Document 1, in learning control, learning injection (single injection) is executed from the injector during non-injection operation in which the command injection amount of the internal combustion engine becomes zero or less. Calculate the generated torque based on the increased fluctuation amount of the internal combustion engine speed and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, estimate the actual injection amount from the calculated generated torque, and calculate the estimated actual injection amount and the learning injection There is described an injection amount control device for a diesel engine that calculates a correction amount by obtaining a deviation amount from a difference from a command injection amount.
In the method described in Patent Document 1, since the amount of change in the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is used, an accurate correction amount cannot be obtained unless the environmental conditions of the internal combustion engine during execution of learning control are constant. there is a possibility.
Therefore, in the conventional technique described in Patent Document 2, an environmental correction amount corresponding to a change in the operating environment condition of the internal combustion engine is calculated, and an actual injection amount estimated in learning control using the environmental correction amount is calculated. A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine that can be corrected to obtain a more accurate injector correction amount is described.

特開２００５−３６７８８号公報JP 2005-36788 A 特開２００９−５７８５３号公報JP 2009-57853 A

特許文献１及び特許文献２に記載の従来技術では、内燃機関の回転数の充分な変動量を得られない環境条件下では、学習精度（補正量の精度）が悪化するため、学習制御の実行条件を満足しない場合には学習制御を実行しないようにしている。例えば内燃機関の冷却水温度が所定温度よりも低い場合（暖機中）では、学習制御を実行しないようにしている。
ところが、ユーザの中には、内燃機関を始動した後、暖機運転が完了する前に内燃機関を停止してしまうような近距離の運転を繰り返すようなユーザもいる。この場合、内燃機関を始動してから停止するまでの期間で、冷却水温度が所定温度以上にならず、学習制御が実行されない可能性がある。学習制御が実行されない場合、インジェクタの適切な補正量を求めることができず、またインジェクタの噴射量のずれ量も図２に示すように変動するので、パイロット噴射を行っても、期待する燃焼騒音の低減やＮＯｘの抑制の効果を得られない可能性がある。
本発明は、このような点に鑑みて創案されたものであり、近距離運転が繰り返された場合等、学習制御が実行されにくいような運転が繰り返されても、適切に学習制御を行ってインジェクタの適切な補正量を求めることができる、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法を提供することを課題とする。 In the prior art described in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2, learning accuracy (correction amount accuracy) deteriorates under an environmental condition in which a sufficient fluctuation amount of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine cannot be obtained. The learning control is not executed when the condition is not satisfied. For example, when the coolant temperature of the internal combustion engine is lower than a predetermined temperature (during warming up), the learning control is not executed.
However, some users repeat the short-distance operation that stops the internal combustion engine after the internal combustion engine is started and before the warm-up operation is completed. In this case, during the period from when the internal combustion engine is started to when it is stopped, the cooling water temperature does not exceed a predetermined temperature, and there is a possibility that the learning control is not executed. When the learning control is not executed, an appropriate correction amount of the injector cannot be obtained, and the deviation amount of the injection amount of the injector also varies as shown in FIG. 2, so that even if pilot injection is performed, the expected combustion noise There is a possibility that the effect of reducing NOx and suppressing NOx cannot be obtained.
The present invention was devised in view of the above points, and appropriately performs learning control even when driving that is difficult to perform learning control is repeated, such as when short-distance driving is repeated. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine that can determine an appropriate correction amount for an injector.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明に係る内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法は次の手段をとる。
まず、本発明の第１の発明は、内燃機関の無噴射運転時にインジェクタから学習用噴射を行って当該学習用噴射による前記内燃機関の回転数の変動量及び前記内燃機関の回転数に基づいて前記インジェクタの補正量を求める学習制御を所定のタイミングで実行する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、前記学習制御の実行タイミングにおいて前記学習制御の実行条件を満足するか否かを判定する学習条件判定ステップと、前記学習条件判定ステップにて前記実行条件を満足すると判定した場合に前記学習制御を実行する学習実行ステップと、前記学習制御の実行頻度を判定する学習頻度判定ステップと、前記学習頻度判定ステップにて判定した前記実行頻度が所定頻度に達していないと判定した場合は前記学習制御の実行頻度を強制的に増加させる学習頻度増加ステップと、を有する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法である。 In order to solve the above problems, the fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention takes the following means.
First, the first aspect of the present invention performs learning injection from an injector during non-injection operation of the internal combustion engine, and based on the fluctuation amount of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine due to the learning injection and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine. A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine that executes learning control for obtaining a correction amount of the injector at a predetermined timing, and determines whether or not an execution condition of the learning control is satisfied at an execution timing of the learning control A learning condition determining step, a learning execution step for executing the learning control when it is determined that the execution condition is satisfied in the learning condition determining step, a learning frequency determining step for determining an execution frequency of the learning control, If it is determined that the execution frequency determined in the learning frequency determination step has not reached a predetermined frequency, the execution frequency of the learning control is forced Has a frequency of learning increases step of increasing the a fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine.

この第１の発明によれば、学習制御の実行頻度が所定頻度に達していないと判定した場合に学習制御の実行頻度を強制的に増加させることで、学習制御が実行されないことを防止する。
これにより、学習制御が実行されにくいような運転が繰り返されても、適切に学習制御を行ってインジェクタの適切な補正量を求めることができる。 According to the first invention, when it is determined that the execution frequency of the learning control has not reached the predetermined frequency, the execution frequency of the learning control is forcibly increased to prevent the learning control from being executed.
Thereby, even if the driving | operation which is hard to perform learning control is repeated, learning control can be performed appropriately and the appropriate correction amount of an injector can be calculated | required.

次に、本発明の第２の発明は、上記第１の発明に係る内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、更に、前記インジェクタの新品状態からの累積期間が所定期間以内である初期期間内であるか否かを判定する初期期間判定ステップを有し、前記学習頻度増加ステップは、前記初期期間判定ステップにて初期期間内であると判定されており且つ前記学習頻度判定ステップにて判定した前記実行頻度が所定頻度に達していないと判定した場合は、前記学習条件判定ステップにおける前記実行条件を満足するか否かを判定するための閾値を、前記実行条件が緩和されるように変更する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法である。   Next, a second aspect of the present invention is a fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine according to the first aspect, further comprising an initial period in which a cumulative period from a new state of the injector is within a predetermined period. An initial period determination step for determining whether or not it is within, the learning frequency increase step is determined to be within the initial period in the initial period determination step and is determined in the learning frequency determination step When it is determined that the execution frequency has not reached the predetermined frequency, the threshold for determining whether or not the execution condition is satisfied in the learning condition determination step is changed so that the execution condition is relaxed A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine.

この第２の発明によれば、インジェクタの噴射量のずれ量の変化が特に大きい初期期間において、実行頻度が所定頻度に達していない場合は、学習制御の実行条件を判定するための閾値を、実行条件が緩和されるように変更する。
これにより、学習制御が実行されにくいような運転が繰り返されても、適切に学習制御を行ってインジェクタの適切な補正量を求めることができる。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the execution frequency does not reach the predetermined frequency in the initial period in which the change in the deviation amount of the injection amount of the injector is particularly large, the threshold value for determining the execution condition of the learning control is Change so that the execution conditions are relaxed.
Thereby, even if the driving | operation which is hard to perform learning control is repeated, learning control can be performed appropriately and the appropriate correction amount of an injector can be calculated | required.

次に、本発明の第３の発明は、内燃機関の無噴射運転時にインジェクタから学習用噴射を行って当該学習用噴射による前記内燃機関の回転数の変動量及び前記内燃機関の回転数に基づいて前記インジェクタの補正量を求める学習制御を所定のタイミングで実行する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、前記学習制御の実行タイミングにおいて前記学習制御の実行条件を満足するか否かを判定する学習条件判定ステップと、前記学習条件判定ステップにて前記実行条件を満足すると判定した場合に前記学習制御を実行する学習実行ステップと、前記学習条件判定ステップにおける前記実行条件を満足するか否かを判定するための閾値を前記インジェクタからの燃料噴射圧力に応じて変更する学習頻度増加ステップと、を有する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法である。   Next, according to a third aspect of the present invention, learning injection is performed from an injector during no-injection operation of the internal combustion engine, and the amount of change in the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine due to the learning injection and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine are A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine that executes learning control for obtaining a correction amount of the injector at a predetermined timing, wherein whether or not an execution condition for the learning control is satisfied at the execution timing of the learning control is determined. A learning condition determination step for determining, a learning execution step for executing the learning control when it is determined that the execution condition is satisfied in the learning condition determination step, and whether or not the execution condition in the learning condition determination step is satisfied And a learning frequency increasing step for changing a threshold for determining whether or not the fuel injection pressure from the injector is in accordance with the internal combustion engine A fuel injection amount learning method.

この第３の発明によれば、学習制御の実行条件を判定する閾値を、燃料噴射圧力に応じて変更する。
これにより、学習制御の実行条件を適切に広げることが可能であり、学習制御が実行されにくいような運転が繰り返されても、適切に学習制御を行ってインジェクタの適切な補正量を求めることができる。 According to the third aspect of the invention, the threshold for determining the learning control execution condition is changed according to the fuel injection pressure.
As a result, it is possible to appropriately widen the execution conditions of the learning control, and even if the operation that makes it difficult to execute the learning control is repeated, the learning control is appropriately performed to obtain an appropriate correction amount for the injector. it can.

次に、本発明の第４の発明は、上記第２の発明または第３の発明に係る内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、前記学習条件判定ステップにおける前記実行条件の判定には、少なくとも前記内燃機関の冷却水の温度の判定と大気圧の判定とが含まれており、前記学習頻度増加ステップは、前記学習条件判定ステップにおける冷却水の温度の判定の閾値と大気圧の判定の閾値とを変更する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法である。   Next, a fourth aspect of the present invention is a fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine according to the second aspect or the third aspect of the invention, wherein the determination of the execution condition in the learning condition determination step includes: At least the determination of the temperature of the cooling water of the internal combustion engine and the determination of the atmospheric pressure are included, and the learning frequency increasing step includes the determination of the cooling water temperature and the atmospheric pressure in the learning condition determination step. A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine that changes a threshold value.

この第４の発明によれば、冷却水の温度の判定の閾値と、大気圧の判定の閾値と、を変更することで、例えば近距離運転が繰り返された場合であっても、適切に学習制御を行ってインジェクタの適切な補正量を求めることができる。   According to the fourth aspect of the invention, by appropriately changing the threshold value for determining the cooling water temperature and the threshold value for determining the atmospheric pressure, for example, even when the short-distance operation is repeated, the learning is appropriately performed. An appropriate correction amount for the injector can be obtained by performing control.

次に、本発明の第５の発明は、上記第２の発明または第３の発明に係る内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、前記学習条件判定ステップにおける前記実行条件の判定には、少なくとも、前記内燃機関の冷却水の温度の判定と、大気圧の判定と、前記内燃機関の吸入空気の温度の判定と、燃料の温度の判定と、が含まれており、前記学習頻度増加ステップは、前記学習条件判定ステップにおいて、冷却水の温度の判定の閾値と、大気圧の判定の閾値と、吸入空気の温度の判定の閾値と、燃料の温度の判定の閾値と、における少なくとも１つの閾値を変更する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法である。   Next, a fifth aspect of the present invention is a fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine according to the second aspect or the third aspect of the invention, wherein the determination of the execution condition in the learning condition determination step includes: The learning frequency increasing step includes at least determination of the temperature of the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, determination of atmospheric pressure, determination of the temperature of intake air of the internal combustion engine, and determination of the temperature of fuel. In the learning condition determination step, at least one of a cooling water temperature determination threshold value, an atmospheric pressure determination threshold value, an intake air temperature determination threshold value, and a fuel temperature determination threshold value is selected. A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine in which a threshold value is changed.

この第５の発明によれば、冷却水の温度の判定の閾値と、大気圧の判定の閾値と、吸入空気の温度の判定の閾値と、燃料の温度の判定の閾値と、の少なくとも１つの閾値を変更する。
これにより、学習制御が実行されにくいような運転が繰り返されても、適切に学習制御を行ってインジェクタの適切な補正量を求めることができる。 According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, at least one of a cooling water temperature determination threshold value, an atmospheric pressure determination threshold value, an intake air temperature determination threshold value, and a fuel temperature determination threshold value is provided. Change the threshold.
Thereby, even if the driving | operation which is hard to perform learning control is repeated, learning control can be performed appropriately and the appropriate correction amount of an injector can be calculated | required.

本発明の内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法を適用した内燃機関の概略構成を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the schematic structure of the internal combustion engine to which the fuel injection amount learning method of the internal combustion engine of the present invention is applied. 燃料を噴射するインジェクタにおいて、累積期間に対する噴射量のずれ量の変化を説明するグラフである。It is a graph explaining the change of the deviation | shift amount of the injection quantity with respect to an accumulation period in the injector which injects a fuel. 走行距離に応じてインジェクタからの噴射量のずれ量が変化する様子と、学習の効果を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the mode that the deviation | shift amount of the injection amount from an injector changes according to a travel distance, and the effect of learning. 第１の実施の形態の処理手順の例を説明するフローチャートである。It is a flowchart explaining the example of the process sequence of 1st Embodiment. 第１の実施の形態の効果を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the effect of a 1st embodiment. 第２の実施の形態の考え方を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the view of 2nd Embodiment. 第２の実施の形態の処理手順の例を説明するフローチャートである。It is a flowchart explaining the example of the process sequence of 2nd Embodiment.

以下に本発明を実施するための形態を図面を用いて説明する。
●［制御対象の内燃機関の概略構成（図１）］
まず図１を用いて、制御対象の内燃機関の概略構成について説明する。本実施の形態の説明では、内燃機関の例として、エンジン１０（例えばディーゼルエンジン）を用いて説明する。
エンジン１０には、エンジン１０の各気筒４５Ａ〜４５Ｄへの吸入空気を導入する吸気管１１が接続されている。またエンジン１０には、各気筒４５Ａ〜４５Ｄからの排気が吐出される排気管１２が接続されている。
吸気管１１には吸気温検出手段２４が設けられており、制御手段３０は、吸気温検出手段２４からの検出信号に基づいて吸入空気の温度を検出可能である。
またエンジン１０には、内燃機関の回転数（例えばクランク軸の回転数）や回転角度（例えば各気筒の圧縮上死点タイミング）等を検出可能な回転検出手段２６が設けられており、制御手段３０は、回転検出手段２６からの検出信号に基づいてエンジン１０の回転数や回転角度等を検出することが可能である。
またエンジン１０には、冷却水温検出手段２２が設けられており、制御手段３０は、冷却水温検出手段２２からの検出信号に基づいて、エンジン１０の冷却水の温度を検出することが可能である。
また制御手段３０は、自身等に設けられた大気圧検出手段２３からの検出信号に基づいて大気圧を検出することが可能である。 EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated using drawing.
● [Schematic configuration of the internal combustion engine to be controlled (Fig. 1)]
First, a schematic configuration of an internal combustion engine to be controlled will be described with reference to FIG. In the description of the present embodiment, an engine 10 (for example, a diesel engine) will be described as an example of an internal combustion engine.
The engine 10 is connected to an intake pipe 11 that introduces intake air into the cylinders 45 </ b> A to 45 </ b> D of the engine 10. The engine 10 is connected to an exhaust pipe 12 through which exhaust from each of the cylinders 45A to 45D is discharged.
The intake pipe 11 is provided with intake air temperature detection means 24, and the control means 30 can detect the temperature of intake air based on a detection signal from the intake air temperature detection means 24.
Further, the engine 10 is provided with a rotation detection means 26 capable of detecting the rotation speed (for example, the rotation speed of the crankshaft) and the rotation angle (for example, the compression top dead center timing of each cylinder) of the internal combustion engine. 30 can detect the rotation speed, rotation angle, and the like of the engine 10 based on a detection signal from the rotation detection means 26.
Further, the engine 10 is provided with a cooling water temperature detection means 22, and the control means 30 can detect the temperature of the cooling water of the engine 10 based on a detection signal from the cooling water temperature detection means 22. .
The control means 30 can detect the atmospheric pressure based on a detection signal from the atmospheric pressure detection means 23 provided in itself.

コモンレール４１には燃料タンク（図示省略）から燃料が供給され、コモンレール４１内の燃料は高圧に維持されて燃料配管４２Ａ〜４２Ｄを介してインジェクタ４３Ａ〜４３Ｄのそれぞれに供給されている。
コモンレール４１には、燃料圧力検出手段２１と燃料温度検出手段２５が設けられており、制御手段３０は、燃料圧力検出手段２１からの検出信号に基づいてコモンレール４１内の燃料の圧力を検出可能であり、燃料温度検出手段２５からの検出信号に基づいてコモンレール４１内の燃料の温度を検出可能である。
インジェクタ４３Ａ〜４３Ｄは、各気筒４５Ａ〜４５Ｄに対応させて設けられており、制御手段３０からの制御信号によって各気筒内に所定のタイミングで所定量の燃料を噴射する。
そして制御手段３０は、各種の検出手段等からの検出信号を取り込み、エンジン１０の運転状態を検出し、インジェクタ４３Ａ〜４３Ｄを駆動する制御信号を出力する。 Fuel is supplied to the common rail 41 from a fuel tank (not shown), and the fuel in the common rail 41 is maintained at a high pressure and supplied to each of the injectors 43A to 43D via the fuel pipes 42A to 42D.
The common rail 41 is provided with a fuel pressure detecting means 21 and a fuel temperature detecting means 25, and the control means 30 can detect the fuel pressure in the common rail 41 based on a detection signal from the fuel pressure detecting means 21. Yes, the temperature of the fuel in the common rail 41 can be detected based on the detection signal from the fuel temperature detection means 25.
The injectors 43A to 43D are provided corresponding to the respective cylinders 45A to 45D, and inject a predetermined amount of fuel into each cylinder at a predetermined timing by a control signal from the control means 30.
And the control means 30 takes in the detection signal from various detection means etc., detects the driving | running state of the engine 10, and outputs the control signal which drives the injectors 43A-43D.

●［インジェクタからの噴射量のずれ（図２）と学習の効果（図３）］
図２は、インジェクタ４３Ａ〜４３Ｄにおける、累積期間に対する、噴射量のずれ量を示すグラフである。なお、噴射量のずれ量とは、制御手段３０から指令された噴射量（以下、指令噴射量と記載する）に対して、実際に噴射された噴射量（以下、実噴射量と記載する）の、ずれ量（誤差）の例を示している。
図２に示すように、一般的に、初期期間内においては、噴射量のずれ量の変化が比較的大きく、初期期間を経過した後は、初期期間内よりもずれ量が小さくなる。
なお、初期期間とは、インジェクタの使用が開始されてからの累積期間が所定期間内である期間であり、新品状態からの累積期間が所定期間内の期間である。
初期期間の具体的な判定方法の例としては、内燃機関の運転時のインジェクタのノズルの被熱温度を推定し、運転継続時間に応じて被熱温度に対応する加算値を累積していき、累積値が所定値以下の場合を初期期間と判定する。 ● [Injection amount deviation from injector (Fig. 2) and learning effect (Fig. 3)]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the amount of deviation of the injection amount with respect to the accumulation period in the injectors 43A to 43D. The deviation amount of the injection amount is the injection amount actually injected (hereinafter referred to as the actual injection amount) with respect to the injection amount commanded from the control means 30 (hereinafter referred to as the command injection amount). This shows an example of the amount of deviation (error).
As shown in FIG. 2, generally, the change in the amount of deviation of the injection amount is relatively large within the initial period, and after the initial period, the amount of deviation is smaller than within the initial period.
The initial period is a period in which the cumulative period from the start of use of the injector is within a predetermined period, and the cumulative period from the new state is a period within the predetermined period.
As an example of a specific determination method for the initial period, the heat temperature of the nozzle of the injector during operation of the internal combustion engine is estimated, and an addition value corresponding to the heat temperature is accumulated according to the operation duration time, A case where the accumulated value is equal to or less than a predetermined value is determined as the initial period.

図３は、走行距離に応じて、インジェクタからの噴射量のずれ量が変化する様子と、学習制御の効果を説明するグラフである。
制御手段３０は、図３に示すように、例えば走行距離が所定距離に達する毎に学習タイミングに達したと判定し、当該学習タイミングにて学習制御を実行する。
学習制御では、例えば内燃機関の指令噴射量がゼロ以下となる無噴射運転時にインジェクタから学習用噴射（単発噴射）を実行する。そして、学習用噴射によって上昇した内燃機関の回転数の変動量と内燃機関の回転数とに基づいて発生トルクを算出し、算出した発生トルクから実噴射量を推定する。そして、推定した実噴射量と学習用噴射の指令噴射量との差からずれ量を求めて補正量を算出する。
図３のグラフにおいて、グラフα１は、インジェクタの噴射量の学習制御による補正を行わなかった場合のずれ量を示しており、図２に示すずれ量とほぼ一致している。
また図３のグラフにおいて、グラフβ１は、学習タイミングにて上記の学習制御を行って、インジェクタの噴射量のずれ量を補正した場合のずれ量を示しており、学習制御を行う毎に、ずれ量はＧ１まで減少している。なお、Ｇ１は学習制御にて求めた補正量の誤差等に相当する。 FIG. 3 is a graph for explaining the change in the amount of deviation of the injection amount from the injector and the effect of learning control according to the travel distance.
As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the control unit 30 determines that the learning timing has been reached each time the traveling distance reaches a predetermined distance, and executes learning control at the learning timing.
In the learning control, for example, learning injection (single injection) is executed from the injector during a non-injection operation in which the command injection amount of the internal combustion engine becomes zero or less. Then, the generated torque is calculated on the basis of the fluctuation amount of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine that are increased by the learning injection, and the actual injection amount is estimated from the calculated generated torque. Then, a correction amount is calculated by obtaining a deviation amount from the difference between the estimated actual injection amount and the instruction injection amount for learning injection.
In the graph of FIG. 3, a graph α <b> 1 indicates a deviation amount when the correction by the learning control of the injection amount of the injector is not performed, and substantially coincides with the deviation amount illustrated in FIG. 2.
In addition, in the graph of FIG. 3, the graph β1 shows the deviation amount when the above-described learning control is performed at the learning timing and the deviation amount of the injection amount of the injector is corrected. The amount has decreased to G1. G1 corresponds to an error in the correction amount obtained by learning control.

学習制御が確実に実行されれば、図３のグラフβ１に示すように、適切にインジェクタの噴射量のずれ量を補正することが可能であるが、学習タイミングに達した場合であっても、学習制御が実行されるとは限らない。
従来の学習制御において制御手段は、学習タイミングに達したと判定して学習制御を実行する前に、学習制御を実行してもよいか否かを判定する実行条件の判定を行い、実行条件を満足しない場合（噴射された燃料の燃焼が安定しない環境の場合）は学習制御を実行しないようにプログラムされているからである。
学習制御は、インジェクタの噴射量のずれ量を補正する非常に有効な手段であるが、万が一、誤った学習制御を行ってしまうと、次の学習タイミングまで、有効な補正を行うことができなくなるので、やや厳しい実行条件の判定を行っている。
このため、例えば暖機運転が完了しないような近距離の運転を繰り返すユーザの場合、冷却水の温度等が実行条件を満足しない可能性があり、学習タイミングに達しても学習制御が実行されない状態が継続する可能性がある。
以下に説明する本発明の内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法は、従来の学習方法では実行条件を満足できずに学習タイミングに達しても学習制御が実行されない状態が継続するような場合であっても、適切に実行条件を満足して学習制御を実行できるようにしている。 If the learning control is surely executed, it is possible to appropriately correct the deviation amount of the injection amount of the injector, as shown in the graph β1 of FIG. 3, but even when the learning timing is reached, Learning control is not always executed.
In the conventional learning control, the control means determines the execution condition to determine whether or not the learning control may be executed before determining that the learning timing has been reached and executing the learning control. This is because it is programmed not to execute the learning control when it is not satisfied (when the combustion of the injected fuel is not stable).
The learning control is a very effective means for correcting the deviation amount of the injection amount of the injector. However, if the learning control is performed by mistake, effective correction cannot be performed until the next learning timing. Therefore, a slightly strict execution condition is determined.
For this reason, for example, in the case of a user who repeats a short-distance operation such that the warm-up operation is not completed, the cooling water temperature or the like may not satisfy the execution condition, and the learning control is not executed even when the learning timing is reached May continue.
The fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention described below is a case where the conventional learning method does not satisfy the execution condition and the state where the learning control is not executed even when the learning timing is reached continues. However, the learning control can be executed appropriately satisfying the execution conditions.

●［第１の実施の形態の処理手順（図４）と効果（図５）］
次に図４を用いて、本発明の内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法の第１の実施の形態について説明する。
第１の実施の形態は、特にインジェクタの噴射量のずれ量が大きい初期期間（図２参照）において、学習制御が実行されないことを回避し、許容範囲内であれば補正量の精度が多少悪化することを許容し、とにかく学習制御を実行させようとするものである。
例えば制御手段３０は、所定タイミング毎（例えば数ｍｓ〜数１００ｍｓ毎）に、図４に示すフローチャートの処理を実行する。 [Processing procedure of the first embodiment (FIG. 4) and effect (FIG. 5)]
Next, a first embodiment of a fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The first embodiment avoids that learning control is not executed particularly in the initial period (see FIG. 2) in which the deviation amount of the injection amount of the injector is large, and the accuracy of the correction amount is somewhat deteriorated within an allowable range. It is allowed to perform the learning control anyway.
For example, the control means 30 performs the process of the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 at every predetermined timing (for example, every several ms to several hundred ms).

ステップＳ１０にて、制御手段３０は、学習タイミングであるか否かを判定する。燃料噴射量の学習タイミングである場合（Ｙｅｓ）はステップＳ１１に進み、学習タイミングでない場合（Ｎｏ）は処理を終了する。制御手段３０は、例えば前回の学習タイミングからの走行距離が所定距離となった場合に学習タイミングであると判定する。
ステップＳ１１に進んだ場合、制御手段３０は、初期期間内であるか否かを判定する。初期期間内であると判定した場合（Ｙｅｓ）はステップＳ１２に進み、初期期間内でないと判定した場合はステップＳ１４Ａに進む。
このステップＳ１１が、インジェクタの新品状態からの累積期間が所定期間以内である初期期間内であるか否かを判定する初期期間判定ステップに相当する。
ステップＳ１２に進んだ場合、制御手段３０は、学習制御の実行頻度が所定頻度に達しているか否かを判定する。所定頻度に達していると判定した場合（Ｙｅｓ）はステップＳ１４Ａに進み、所定頻度に達していないと判定した場合（Ｎｏ）はステップＳ１４Ｂに進む。
なお、所定頻度に達しているか否かの判定は、例えば前回の学習タイミングで学習を実行した場合は所定頻度に達していると判定する。あるいは、学習タイミングに達したが実行条件が満足されずに学習制御を実行しなかった状態がＮ回（Ｎは整数）連続した場合に、所定頻度に達していないと判定する。学習制御の実行頻度が所定頻度に達しているか否かの判定は、このように種々の方法で判定することができる。
なお、ステップＳ１２が学習頻度判定ステップに相当する。 In step S10, the control means 30 determines whether it is a learning timing. When it is the learning timing of the fuel injection amount (Yes), the process proceeds to step S11, and when it is not the learning timing (No), the process is terminated. The control means 30 determines that it is a learning timing, for example, when the travel distance from the last learning timing becomes a predetermined distance.
When it progresses to step S11, the control means 30 determines whether it is in an initial period. When it is determined that it is within the initial period (Yes), the process proceeds to step S12, and when it is determined that it is not within the initial period, the process proceeds to step S14A.
This step S11 corresponds to an initial period determining step for determining whether or not the cumulative period from the new state of the injector is within an initial period within a predetermined period.
When it progresses to step S12, the control means 30 determines whether the execution frequency of learning control has reached the predetermined frequency. When it is determined that the predetermined frequency has been reached (Yes), the process proceeds to step S14A, and when it is determined that the predetermined frequency has not been reached (No), the process proceeds to step S14B.
Whether or not the predetermined frequency has been reached is determined, for example, when the learning has been executed at the previous learning timing and is determined to have reached the predetermined frequency. Alternatively, when the learning timing is reached but the execution condition is not satisfied and the learning control is not executed for N times (N is an integer), it is determined that the predetermined frequency has not been reached. Whether or not the execution frequency of the learning control has reached a predetermined frequency can be determined by various methods as described above.
Step S12 corresponds to a learning frequency determination step.

ステップＳ１４Ａに進んだ場合、制御手段３０は、従来からの実行条件の判定と同等の閾値を用意する。制御手段３０は、冷却水の温度の判定に用いる水温閾値Ｓｗに、従来と同等の閾値Ｗ１を代入し、大気圧の判定に用いる大気圧閾値Ｓｐに、従来と同等の閾値Ｐ１を代入し、吸入空気の温度の判定に用いる吸気温閾値Ｓａに、従来と同等の閾値Ａ１を代入し、燃料の温度の判定に用いる燃料温閾値Ｓｆに、従来と同等の閾値Ｆ１を代入し、ステップＳ２２に進む。
ステップＳ１４Ｂに進んだ場合、制御手段３０は、従来の実行条件の判定の閾値に対して、実行条件が緩和されるような閾値に変更する。制御手段３０は、冷却水の温度の判定に用いる水温閾値Ｓｗに、従来よりも緩和した閾値Ｗ２を代入し、大気圧の判定に用いる大気圧閾値Ｓｐに、従来よりも緩和した閾値Ｐ２を代入し、吸入空気の温度の判定に用いる吸気温閾値Ｓａに、従来よりも緩和した閾値Ａ２を代入し、燃料の温度の判定に用いる燃料温閾値Ｓｆに、従来よりも緩和した閾値Ｆ２を代入し、ステップＳ２２に進む。例えば水温閾値Ｓｗに代入する従来の閾値Ｗ１が８０℃相当である場合、緩和した閾値Ｗ２は６０℃相当等である。
なお、ステップＳ１４Ｂが学習制御の実行頻度を強制的に増加させる学習頻度増加ステップに相当する。 When the process proceeds to step S14A, the control unit 30 prepares a threshold value equivalent to the conventional determination of the execution condition. The control means 30 substitutes the threshold value W1 equivalent to the conventional value for the water temperature threshold Sw used for the determination of the temperature of the cooling water, and substitutes the threshold value P1 equivalent to the conventional value for the atmospheric pressure threshold Sp used for the determination of the atmospheric pressure, A threshold value A1 equivalent to the conventional value is substituted for the intake air temperature threshold value Sa used for the determination of the intake air temperature, and a threshold value F1 equivalent to the conventional value is substituted for the fuel temperature threshold value Sf used for the determination of the fuel temperature. move on.
When the processing proceeds to step S14B, the control unit 30 changes the threshold value for reducing the execution condition to the threshold value for determining the conventional execution condition. The control means 30 substitutes a threshold value W2 that is more relaxed than before for the water temperature threshold Sw that is used for determining the temperature of the cooling water, and substitutes a threshold value P2 that is relaxed than before for the atmospheric pressure threshold Sp that is used for judgment of atmospheric pressure. Then, a threshold value A2 that is relaxed compared to the prior art is substituted for the intake air temperature threshold value Sa that is used for the determination of the intake air temperature, and a threshold value F2 that is relaxed than the conventional value is substituted for the fuel temperature threshold value Sf used for the determination of the fuel temperature. The process proceeds to step S22. For example, when the conventional threshold value W1 substituted for the water temperature threshold value Sw is equivalent to 80 ° C., the relaxed threshold value W2 is equivalent to 60 ° C.
Step S14B corresponds to a learning frequency increasing step for forcibly increasing the execution frequency of learning control.

ステップＳ２２〜ステップＳ２８は、学習制御の実行タイミングにおいて学習制御の実行条件を満足するか否かを判定する学習条件判定ステップに相当している。
ステップＳ２２にて、制御手段３０は、冷却水温検出手段２２からの検出信号に基づいて検出した冷却水の温度が水温閾値Ｓｗ以上であるか否かを判定する。冷却水の温度が水温閾値Ｓｗ以上である場合（Ｙｅｓ）はステップＳ２４に進み、冷却水の温度が水温閾値Ｓｗ未満である場合（Ｎｏ）は処理を終了する。
ステップＳ２４に進んだ場合、制御手段３０は、大気圧検出手段２３からの検出信号に基づいて検出した大気圧が大気圧閾値Ｓｐ以上であるか否かを判定する。大気圧が大気圧閾値Ｓｐ以上である場合（Ｙｅｓ）はステップＳ２６に進み、大気圧が大気圧閾値Ｓｐ未満である場合（Ｎｏ）は処理を終了する。
ステップＳ２６に進んだ場合、制御手段３０は、吸気温検出手段２４からの検出信号に基づいて検出した吸入空気の温度が吸気温閾値Ｓａ以上であるか否かを判定する。吸入空気の温度が吸気温閾値Ｓａ以上である場合（Ｙｅｓ）はステップＳ２８に進み、吸入空気の温度が吸気温閾値Ｓａ未満である場合（Ｎｏ）は処理を終了する。
ステップＳ２８に進んだ場合、制御手段３０は、燃料温度検出手段２５からの検出信号に基づいて検出した燃料の温度が燃料温閾値Ｓｆ以上であるか否かを判定する。燃料の温度が燃料温閾値Ｓｆ以上である場合（Ｙｅｓ）はステップＳ３０に進み、燃料の温度が燃料温閾値Ｓｆ未満である場合（Ｎｏ）は処理を終了する。 Steps S22 to S28 correspond to a learning condition determination step of determining whether or not the learning control execution condition is satisfied at the learning control execution timing.
In step S22, the control means 30 determines whether or not the temperature of the cooling water detected based on the detection signal from the cooling water temperature detection means 22 is equal to or higher than the water temperature threshold Sw. When the temperature of the cooling water is equal to or higher than the water temperature threshold Sw (Yes), the process proceeds to step S24, and when the temperature of the cooling water is lower than the water temperature threshold Sw (No), the process is terminated.
When the process proceeds to step S24, the control unit 30 determines whether the atmospheric pressure detected based on the detection signal from the atmospheric pressure detection unit 23 is equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure threshold Sp. If the atmospheric pressure is greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure threshold Sp (Yes), the process proceeds to step S26, and if the atmospheric pressure is less than the atmospheric pressure threshold Sp (No), the process ends.
When the routine proceeds to step S26, the control means 30 determines whether or not the temperature of the intake air detected based on the detection signal from the intake air temperature detection means 24 is equal to or higher than the intake air temperature threshold Sa. When the temperature of the intake air is equal to or higher than the intake air temperature threshold Sa (Yes), the process proceeds to step S28, and when the temperature of the intake air is lower than the intake air temperature threshold Sa (No), the process is terminated.
When the process proceeds to step S28, the control unit 30 determines whether or not the detected fuel temperature is equal to or higher than the fuel temperature threshold value Sf based on the detection signal from the fuel temperature detection unit 25. When the fuel temperature is equal to or higher than the fuel temperature threshold value Sf (Yes), the process proceeds to step S30, and when the fuel temperature is lower than the fuel temperature threshold value Sf (No), the process is terminated.

ステップＳ３０に進んだ場合、制御手段３０は、インジェクタの噴射量の学習制御を実行し、ずれ量を補正する補正量を求めて処理を終了する。なお、学習制御の内容については既に説明しているので説明を省略する。
このステップＳ３０が、実行条件（ステップＳ２２〜Ｓ２８）を満足すると判定した場合に学習制御を実行する学習実行ステップに相当する。 When the process proceeds to step S30, the control unit 30 executes learning control of the injection amount of the injector, obtains a correction amount for correcting the deviation amount, and ends the process. Since the contents of learning control have already been described, the description thereof is omitted.
This step S30 corresponds to a learning execution step for executing learning control when it is determined that the execution conditions (steps S22 to S28) are satisfied.

以上に説明したように、第１の実施の形態では、初期期間内において、学習制御の実行頻度が所定頻度に達していない場合、ステップＳ２２〜Ｓ２８にて判定する実行条件の閾値を、実行条件の判定が緩和されるように強制的に変更する。
これにより、近距離運転が繰り返された場合等、学習制御が実行されにくいような運転が繰り返されても、適切に学習制御を行ってインジェクタの適切な補正量を求めることができる。
なお図５に、走行距離に応じて、インジェクタからの噴射量のずれ量が変化する様子と、学習制御の効果を説明するグラフを示す。図５に示すグラフα１はインジェクタの噴射量の学習制御による補正を行わなかった場合のずれ量を示している。またグラフβ１はステップＳ１４Ａの各閾値を用いて学習制御を行った際のずれ量が補正される様子を示しており、グラフβ２はステップＳ１４Ｂの各閾値を用いて学習制御を行った際のずれ量が補正される様子を示している。グラフβ１では、学習制御を実行する毎にずれ量がＧ１まで低減され、グラフβ２では、学習制御を実行する毎にずれ量がＧ２（Ｇ２＞Ｇ１）まで低減されていることがわかる。なお、グラフβ２ではグラフβ１よりも実行条件の閾値を緩和しているので、Ｇ２＞Ｇ１となっており、学習結果の補正量の精度が落ちていることを示している（もちろんＧ２であっても許容範囲内である）。
ステップＳ１４Ｂにて各閾値を緩和するように変更した場合、図５のグラフβ１（ステップＳ１４Ａの閾値を用いた場合）ほどのずれ量の低減効果を得ることは困難であるが、グラフβ２に示すように、グラフα１よりも大きな低減効果（ずれ量の低減効果）を得ることができる。 As described above, in the first embodiment, when the execution frequency of the learning control does not reach the predetermined frequency within the initial period, the threshold of the execution condition determined in steps S22 to S28 is set as the execution condition. Forcibly change so that the judgment is relaxed.
As a result, even when an operation that makes it difficult to execute the learning control is repeated, such as when the short-distance operation is repeated, the appropriate correction amount of the injector can be obtained by appropriately performing the learning control.
FIG. 5 shows a graph illustrating how the amount of deviation of the injection amount from the injector changes according to the travel distance, and the effect of learning control. A graph α1 shown in FIG. 5 shows a deviation amount when correction by learning control of the injection amount of the injector is not performed. Graph β1 shows how the shift amount is corrected when the learning control is performed using each threshold value in step S14A, and graph β2 indicates the shift when the learning control is performed using each threshold value in step S14B. It shows how the amount is corrected. In the graph β1, the deviation amount is reduced to G1 every time the learning control is executed, and in the graph β2, the deviation amount is reduced to G2 (G2> G1) every time the learning control is executed. In the graph β2, since the threshold value of the execution condition is relaxed compared to the graph β1, G2> G1, indicating that the accuracy of the correction amount of the learning result is lowered (of course, G2 Are also acceptable).
When the threshold values are changed so as to be relaxed in step S14B, it is difficult to obtain the effect of reducing the shift amount as much as the graph β1 in FIG. 5 (when the threshold values in step S14A are used). As described above, it is possible to obtain a reduction effect larger than the graph α1 (shift amount reduction effect).

●［第２の実施の形態の考え方（図６）と処理手順（図７）］
次に図６、図７を用いて、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法の第２の実施の形態について説明する。
第１の実施の形態は、学習頻度が所定頻度に達していない場合に、実行条件の判定に用いる閾値を強制的に緩和して、学習結果の補正量の精度を多少落としてでも（許容範囲内で精度を落とす）学習制御を実行するものである。
これに対して第２の実施の形態は、学習結果の補正量の精度を落とすことなく、学習の実行条件の判定を、適切に広げて学習頻度の増加を狙うものである。 [Concept of second embodiment (FIG. 6) and processing procedure (FIG. 7)]
Next, a second embodiment of the fuel injection amount learning method for the internal combustion engine will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the first embodiment, when the learning frequency does not reach the predetermined frequency, the threshold value used for determining the execution condition is forcibly relaxed, and the accuracy of the correction amount of the learning result is slightly reduced (allowable range). Learning control is performed).
On the other hand, the second embodiment aims to increase the learning frequency by appropriately widening the determination of the learning execution condition without reducing the accuracy of the correction amount of the learning result.

図６において、横軸はインジェクタからの燃料の噴射圧力を示しており、縦軸は冷却水温や大気圧等の学習制御の実行条件の各閾値の高さをイメージ的に示している。
内燃機関では、運転状態に応じて燃料の噴射圧力を変更する場合があり、噴射圧力を高くするほど、学習制御の実行条件の各閾値の高さを高くする必要がある。図６における境界線Ｌは、燃料噴射圧力に応じた閾値の限界許容位置を示している。例えば燃料噴射圧力が圧力Ｐｈの場合、閾値はＴｈ以上であればよいことを示している。
例えば圧力Ｐｇまでの燃料噴射圧力が学習可能噴射圧力である場合、従来の学習制御の実行条件では、学習可能噴射圧力内のいかなる圧力であっても学習制御の実行条件の判定が適切となるように（例えば燃料噴射圧力が圧力Ｐｈである場合、Ｔｈを閾値とすることなく、Ｔｇを閾値として）、図６における領域Ｒ１内にて学習制御を実行していた。
つまり、本来の学習制御の実行許可領域は、領域Ｒ１＋領域Ｒ２であるにもかかわらず、従来では学習制御の実行条件の閾値が最適設定されておらず、領域Ｒ１のみで学習制御の実行条件が判定されていた。
そこで、第２の実施の形態では、燃料の噴射圧力に応じて学習制御の実行条件の判定に使用する各閾値を最適に設定することで、学習許可領域を「領域Ｒ１のみ」から「領域Ｒ１＋領域Ｒ２」へと拡大することで、学習頻度を増加させる。 In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents the fuel injection pressure from the injector, and the vertical axis conceptually represents the height of each threshold of the learning control execution conditions such as the cooling water temperature and atmospheric pressure.
In an internal combustion engine, the fuel injection pressure may be changed in accordance with the operating state, and the higher the injection pressure, the higher the threshold values of the learning control execution conditions must be. A boundary line L in FIG. 6 indicates a threshold limit allowable position corresponding to the fuel injection pressure. For example, when the fuel injection pressure is the pressure Ph, it is indicated that the threshold may be Th or higher.
For example, when the fuel injection pressure up to the pressure Pg is a learnable injection pressure, the conventional learning control execution condition makes it possible to determine the learning control execution condition at any pressure within the learnable injection pressure. (For example, when the fuel injection pressure is the pressure Ph, Tg is used as a threshold value without using Th as a threshold value), and learning control is executed within the region R1 in FIG.
That is, despite the fact that the original learning control execution permission region is the region R1 + region R2, the learning control execution condition threshold value has not been optimally set in the past, and the learning control execution condition is limited only to the region R1. It was judged.
Therefore, in the second embodiment, the learning permission region is changed from “region R1 only” to “region R1 +” by optimally setting each threshold value used for determination of the execution condition of learning control according to the fuel injection pressure. The learning frequency is increased by expanding the region R2.

次に図７に示すフローチャートを用いて、第２の実施の形態の処理手順について説明する。なお、図４に示す第１の実施の形態のフローチャートとは、ステップＳ２２〜ステップＳ３０は同じであるので、第１の実施の形態との相違点であるステップＳ１０〜ステップＳ１８を主に説明する。   Next, a processing procedure according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. Since steps S22 to S30 are the same as the flowchart of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4, steps S10 to S18 that are different from the first embodiment will be mainly described. .

ステップＳ１０にて、制御手段３０は、学習タイミングであるか否かを判定する。燃料噴射量の学習タイミングである場合（Ｙｅｓ）はステップＳ１６に進み、学習タイミングでない場合（Ｎｏ）は処理を終了する。制御手段３０は、例えば第１の実施の形態と同様、前回の学習タイミングからの走行距離が所定距離となった場合に学習タイミングであると判定する。
ステップＳ１６に進んだ場合、制御手段３０は、制御手段３０で判断した学習を実施する燃料圧力を検出し、ステップＳ１８に進む。
ステップＳ１８にて、制御手段３０は、検出した燃料圧力に応じた冷却水の温度の判定用の閾値Ｗｎをマップ等から求め、求めた閾値Ｗｎを、水温閾値Ｓｗに代入し、検出した燃料圧力に応じた大気圧の判定用の閾値Ｐｎをマップ等から求め、求めた閾値Ｐｎを、大気圧閾値Ｓｐに代入する。また、制御手段３０は、検出した燃料圧力に応じた吸入空気の温度の判定用の閾値Ａｎをマップ等から求め、求めた閾値Ａｎを、吸気温閾値Ｓａに代入し、検出した燃料圧力に応じた燃料の温度の判定用の閾値Ｆｎをマップ等から求め、求めた閾値Ｆｎを、燃料温閾値Ｓｆに代入し、ステップＳ２２に進む。このように、図６に示す境界線Ｌに相当する各閾値を設定する。
なお、ステップＳ１６及びステップＳ１８が、学習頻度増加ステップに相当する。
また、ステップＳ２２以降の処理は、第１の実施の形態と同じであるので説明を省略する。 In step S10, the control means 30 determines whether it is a learning timing. When it is the learning timing of the fuel injection amount (Yes), the process proceeds to step S16, and when it is not the learning timing (No), the process is terminated. For example, as in the first embodiment, the control unit 30 determines that it is the learning timing when the travel distance from the previous learning timing becomes a predetermined distance.
When the process proceeds to step S16, the control unit 30 detects the fuel pressure at which the learning determined by the control unit 30 is performed, and the process proceeds to step S18.
In step S18, the control means 30 obtains a threshold value Wn for determining the temperature of the cooling water according to the detected fuel pressure from a map or the like, substitutes the obtained threshold value Wn for the water temperature threshold value Sw, and detects the detected fuel pressure. A threshold value Pn for atmospheric pressure determination corresponding to is obtained from a map or the like, and the obtained threshold value Pn is substituted into the atmospheric pressure threshold value Sp. Further, the control means 30 obtains a threshold value An for determining the temperature of the intake air according to the detected fuel pressure from a map or the like, substitutes the obtained threshold value An for the intake air temperature threshold value Sa, and responds to the detected fuel pressure. The fuel temperature determination threshold value Fn is obtained from a map or the like, the obtained threshold value Fn is substituted into the fuel temperature threshold value Sf, and the process proceeds to step S22. Thus, each threshold value corresponding to the boundary line L shown in FIG. 6 is set.
Steps S16 and S18 correspond to a learning frequency increasing step.
Further, the processing after step S22 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

以上に説明したように、第２の実施の形態では、燃料の噴射圧力に応じて適切に各閾値を変更することで、従来では学習制御の実行条件が満足される領域が図６の領域Ｒ１のみであったところを、図６の領域Ｒ１＋領域Ｒ２へと拡大する。これにより、学習制御によるインジェクタの補正量の精度を従来と同等に確保しつつ、学習制御の頻度を従来よりも増加することができる。
従って、近距離運転が繰り返された場合等、学習制御が実行されにくいような運転が繰り返されても、適切に学習制御を行ってインジェクタの適切な補正量を求めることができる。 As described above, in the second embodiment, by appropriately changing each threshold according to the fuel injection pressure, a region in which the learning control execution condition is conventionally satisfied is the region R1 in FIG. 6 is expanded to the region R1 + region R2 in FIG. Thereby, the accuracy of the correction amount of the injector by learning control can be ensured to be equal to the conventional one, and the frequency of the learning control can be increased more than the conventional one.
Therefore, even when an operation that makes it difficult to execute the learning control is repeated, such as when the short-distance operation is repeated, the appropriate correction amount of the injector can be obtained by appropriately performing the learning control.

●［第３の実施の形態］
第３の実施の形態は、上記の第１の実施の形態と第２の実施の形態を組み合わせたものである。
第３の実施の形態の処理手順としては、図４に示す第１の実施の形態のフローチャートの処理手順に対して、ステップＳ１４Ａの処理と、ステップＳ１４Ｂの処理を変更する。第３の実施の形態では、図４に示すステップＳ１４Ａの代わりに、図７に示すステップＳ１６及びステップＳ１８の処理を実行して図６に示す境界線Ｌに相当する各閾値を設定する。また、図４に示すステップＳ１４Ｂの代わりに、図６に示す境界線Ｌをやや下回るように（実行条件の判定が緩和されるように）各閾値を設定する。
これにより、第１の実施の形態の効果と、第２の実施の形態の効果との、双方の効果を得ることができる。 ● [Third embodiment]
The third embodiment is a combination of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
As the processing procedure of the third embodiment, the processing of step S14A and the processing of step S14B are changed with respect to the processing procedure of the flowchart of the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the third embodiment, instead of step S14A shown in FIG. 4, the processing of steps S16 and S18 shown in FIG. 7 is executed to set each threshold value corresponding to the boundary line L shown in FIG. Further, instead of step S14B shown in FIG. 4, each threshold value is set so as to be slightly below the boundary line L shown in FIG. 6 (so that the determination of the execution condition is eased).
Thereby, both the effect of the effect of 1st Embodiment and the effect of 2nd Embodiment can be acquired.

本発明の内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法は、本実施の形態で説明した処理、動作等に限定されず、本発明の要旨を変更しない範囲で種々の変更、追加、削除が可能である。
また、本発明の内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法を適用する対象制御システムは、図１の例に示すものに限定されず、インジェクタから燃料を噴射する、種々の内燃機関に適用することが可能である。
また本実施の形態の説明では、学習制御の実行条件の冷却水の温度、大気圧、吸入空気の温度、燃料の温度、の全ての閾値を変更したが、冷却水の温度と大気圧の２つの閾値のみを変更するようにしてもよい。あるいは、冷却水の温度、大気圧、吸入空気の温度、燃料の温度、の少なくとも１つの閾値を変更するようにしてもよい。
また、以上（≧）、以下（≦）、より大きい（＞）、未満（＜）等は、等号を含んでも含まなくてもよい。
また、本実施の形態の説明に用いた数値は一例であり、この数値に限定されるものではない。 The fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine of the present invention is not limited to the processing, operation, etc. described in the present embodiment, and various modifications, additions, and deletions are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Further, the target control system to which the fuel injection amount learning method for the internal combustion engine of the present invention is applied is not limited to that shown in the example of FIG. 1, and can be applied to various internal combustion engines that inject fuel from an injector. It is.
In the description of the present embodiment, all threshold values of the coolant temperature, the atmospheric pressure, the intake air temperature, and the fuel temperature as the learning control execution conditions are changed. Only one threshold may be changed. Alternatively, at least one threshold value of the temperature of the cooling water, the atmospheric pressure, the temperature of the intake air, and the temperature of the fuel may be changed.
Further, the above (≧), the following (≦), the greater (>), the less (<), etc. may or may not include an equal sign.
The numerical values used in the description of the present embodiment are examples, and are not limited to these numerical values.

１０ エンジン（内燃機関）
１１ 吸気管
１２ 排気管
２１ 燃料圧力検出手段
２２ 冷却水温検出手段
２３ 大気圧検出手段
２４ 吸気温検出手段
２５ 燃料温度検出手段
２６ 回転検出手段
３０ 制御手段
４１ コモンレール
４３Ａ〜４３Ｄ インジェクタ
４５Ａ〜４５Ｄ 気筒
Ｌ 境界線
Ｒ１、Ｒ２ 領域（学習許可領域）

10 Engine (Internal combustion engine)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Intake pipe 12 Exhaust pipe 21 Fuel pressure detection means 22 Cooling water temperature detection means 23 Atmospheric pressure detection means 24 Intake air temperature detection means 25 Fuel temperature detection means 26 Rotation detection means 30 Control means 41 Common rail 43A-43D Injector 45A-45D Cylinder L boundary Line R1, R2 area (learning permission area)

Claims (5)

内燃機関の無噴射運転時にインジェクタから学習用噴射を行って当該学習用噴射による前記内燃機関の回転数の変動量及び前記内燃機関の回転数に基づいて前記インジェクタの補正量を求める学習制御を所定のタイミングで実行する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、
前記学習制御の実行タイミングにおいて前記学習制御の実行条件を満足するか否かを判定する学習条件判定ステップと、
前記学習条件判定ステップにて前記実行条件を満足すると判定した場合に前記学習制御を実行する学習実行ステップと、
前記学習制御の実行頻度を判定する学習頻度判定ステップと、
前記学習頻度判定ステップにて判定した前記実行頻度が所定頻度に達していないと判定した場合は前記学習制御の実行頻度を強制的に増加させる学習頻度増加ステップと、を有する、
内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法。 Learning control is performed in which learning injection is performed from an injector during non-injection operation of the internal combustion engine, and the correction amount of the injector is determined based on the fluctuation amount of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine due to the learning injection and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine. A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine, executed at the timing of
A learning condition determining step for determining whether or not the learning control execution condition is satisfied at the learning control execution timing;
A learning execution step of executing the learning control when it is determined that the execution condition is satisfied in the learning condition determination step;
A learning frequency determining step of determining an execution frequency of the learning control;
A learning frequency increase step for forcibly increasing the execution frequency of the learning control when it is determined that the execution frequency determined in the learning frequency determination step has not reached a predetermined frequency;
A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine. 請求項１に記載の内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、
更に、前記インジェクタの新品状態からの累積期間が所定期間以内である初期期間内であるか否かを判定する初期期間判定ステップを有し、
前記学習頻度増加ステップは、前記初期期間判定ステップにて初期期間内であると判定されており且つ前記学習頻度判定ステップにて判定した前記実行頻度が所定頻度に達していないと判定した場合は、前記学習条件判定ステップにおける前記実行条件を満足するか否かを判定するための閾値を、前記実行条件が緩和されるように変更する、
内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法。 A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1,
Furthermore, it has an initial period determination step for determining whether or not the cumulative period from the new state of the injector is within an initial period within a predetermined period,
When the learning frequency increase step is determined to be within the initial period in the initial period determination step and the execution frequency determined in the learning frequency determination step is determined not to reach a predetermined frequency, Changing a threshold for determining whether or not the execution condition is satisfied in the learning condition determination step so that the execution condition is relaxed;
A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine. 内燃機関の無噴射運転時にインジェクタから学習用噴射を行って当該学習用噴射による前記内燃機関の回転数の変動量及び前記内燃機関の回転数に基づいて前記インジェクタの補正量を求める学習制御を所定のタイミングで実行する、内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、
前記学習制御の実行タイミングにおいて前記学習制御の実行条件を満足するか否かを判定する学習条件判定ステップと、
前記学習条件判定ステップにて前記実行条件を満足すると判定した場合に前記学習制御を実行する学習実行ステップと、
前記学習条件判定ステップにおける前記実行条件を満足するか否かを判定するための閾値を前記インジェクタからの燃料噴射圧力に応じて変更する学習頻度増加ステップと、を有する、
内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法。 Learning control is performed in which learning injection is performed from an injector during non-injection operation of the internal combustion engine, and the correction amount of the injector is determined based on the fluctuation amount of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine due to the learning injection and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine. A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine, executed at the timing of
A learning condition determining step for determining whether or not the learning control execution condition is satisfied at the learning control execution timing;
A learning execution step of executing the learning control when it is determined that the execution condition is satisfied in the learning condition determination step;
A learning frequency increasing step of changing a threshold for determining whether or not the execution condition in the learning condition determining step is satisfied according to a fuel injection pressure from the injector,
A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine. 請求項２または３に記載の内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、
前記学習条件判定ステップにおける前記実行条件の判定には、少なくとも前記内燃機関の冷却水の温度の判定と大気圧の判定とが含まれており、
前記学習頻度増加ステップは、前記学習条件判定ステップにおける冷却水の温度の判定の閾値と大気圧の判定の閾値とを変更する、
内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法。 A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2 or 3,
The determination of the execution condition in the learning condition determination step includes at least determination of the temperature of the cooling water of the internal combustion engine and determination of atmospheric pressure,
The learning frequency increasing step changes a cooling water temperature determination threshold value and an atmospheric pressure determination threshold value in the learning condition determination step,
A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine. 請求項２または３に記載の内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法であって、
前記学習条件判定ステップにおける前記実行条件の判定には、少なくとも、前記内燃機関の冷却水の温度の判定と、大気圧の判定と、前記内燃機関の吸入空気の温度の判定と、燃料の温度の判定と、が含まれており、
前記学習頻度増加ステップは、前記学習条件判定ステップにおいて、冷却水の温度の判定の閾値と、大気圧の判定の閾値と、吸入空気の温度の判定の閾値と、燃料の温度の判定の閾値と、における少なくとも１つの閾値を変更する、
内燃機関の燃料噴射量学習方法。

A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2 or 3,
The determination of the execution condition in the learning condition determination step includes at least determination of the temperature of the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, determination of atmospheric pressure, determination of the temperature of intake air of the internal combustion engine, and fuel temperature. Judgment, and
In the learning frequency increase step, in the learning condition determination step, a cooling water temperature determination threshold value, an atmospheric pressure determination threshold value, an intake air temperature determination threshold value, and a fuel temperature determination threshold value, Changing at least one threshold in
A fuel injection amount learning method for an internal combustion engine.

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