JP2013509480A - イオン膜の調製 - Google Patents
イオン膜の調製 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013509480A JP2013509480A JP2012535935A JP2012535935A JP2013509480A JP 2013509480 A JP2013509480 A JP 2013509480A JP 2012535935 A JP2012535935 A JP 2012535935A JP 2012535935 A JP2012535935 A JP 2012535935A JP 2013509480 A JP2013509480 A JP 2013509480A
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- PRAMZQXXPOLCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCS(O)(=O)=O PRAMZQXXPOLCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M sodium;(2r)-2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1OCCCCCC[C@]1(C(=O)[O-])CO1 RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 Vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride Vinylbenzyltrimethylphosphonium chloride Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFNGWPXYNSJXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCS(O)(=O)=O KFNGWPXYNSJXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(F)(F)F QTKPMCIBUROOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000536 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FIQBJLHOPOSODG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxycarbonyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O FIQBJLHOPOSODG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPLIMIJPIZGPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC(=O)C=CC1=O GPLIMIJPIZGPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BESKSSIEODQWBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tris(trimethylsilyloxy)silylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCC[Si](O[Si](C)(C)C)(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C BESKSSIEODQWBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000595548 Homo sapiens TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100036073 TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006222 dimethylaminomethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYAQQULBLMNGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O FYAQQULBLMNGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940045996 isethionic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0093—Chemical modification
- B01D67/00933—Chemical modification by addition of a layer chemically bonded to the membrane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/881—Electrolytic membranes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/886—Powder spraying, e.g. wet or dry powder spraying, plasma spraying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1072—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes by chemical reactions, e.g. insitu polymerisation or insitu crosslinking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/30—Cross-linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/34—Use of radiation
- B01D2323/345—UV-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/46—Impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/10—Catalysts being present on the surface of the membrane or in the pores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/26—Electrical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(i)1種もしくは2種以上の第1のモノマーの混合物を重合して、イオンポリマー膜を形成する工程;
(ii)(i)のポリマー膜を1種もしくは2種以上の第2のモノマーの混合物中に、この溶液をポリマー膜の全体を通して侵入させるのに十分な長さの時間に亘って浸漬する工程;ならびに、
(iii)工程(ii)のモノマーがコーティングされたポリマーを重合して、本質的に均一なイオンポリマーを形成する工程、
を含んでいる。
(i)1種もしくは2種以上の第1のモノマーの混合物を重合して、イオンポリマー膜を形成する工程;
(ii)(i)のポリマーを、1種もしくは2種以上の第2のモノマー混合物中に浸漬する工程;
(iia)触媒を、モノマーがコーティングされたポリマー上に堆積する工程;
(iii)工程(iia)の触媒とモノマーがコーティングされたポリマーを重合する工程、
を含んでいる。
イオンポリマー膜は、イオン性基を含むいずれかのポリマーであることができる。好ましくは、この膜は、1種もしくは2種以上の第2のモノマー中で膨潤することができる。より好ましくは、この膜は、親水性ポリマー膜である(これは、他のモノマーを吸収する上で特に良好である)。
メチルメタクリレート(MMA)
アクリロニトリル(AN)
メタクリルオキシプロピルトリス(トリメチルシロキシ)シラン(TRIS)
2,2,2−トリフルオロエチルメタクリレート(TRIF)
メタクリル酸(MA)
2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート(HEMA)
エチルアクリレート(EA)
1−ビニル−2−ピロリジノン(VP)
プロペン酸2−メチルエステル(PAM)
モノメタクリロイルオキシエチルフタレート(EMP)
アンモニウムスルファトエチルメタクリレート(SEM)
2−アクリルアミド−2−メチル−1−プロパンスルホン酸(AMPSA)
ビニルスルホン酸(VSA)
スチレンスルホン酸(SSA)
2−スルホエチルメタクリレート(SOMA)
3−スルホプロピルメタクリレート(Na塩)(SPM)
ビニルベンジルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド
ビニルベンジルトリメチルホスホニウムクロリド
2,4,6−トリス(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノ
トルエンスルホン酸(TSA)
1−メチル−1−ベンズイミダゾール−2−スルホン酸
イセチオン酸(Na塩)
1−へキサンスルホン酸(Na塩)
ヒドロキシレン−O−スルホン酸
例1
多段階硬化生成プロセスによって作られた膜、ここで第1のSPEは第2の液体中に浸漬され、硬化されて向上したポリマー密度を備えたSPEが生成される。
膜を、以下の材料から形成した:
水 66.96g
2−アクリルアミド−2−メチル−1−プロパンスルホン酸(AMPSA) 94.91g
2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート(HEMA) 163.22g
アクリロニトリル(AN) 139.37g
ジビニルベンゼン(DVB) 19.76g
UV開始剤(UV1) 3.38g
ヒドロキシキノンモノメチルエーテル(MEHQ) 0.098g
<膜の調製>
120mm×120mmカチオン交換膜をタイプ1水中で、60℃で一晩、水和した。水和されたら、膜を10インチのインフレートチューブに置き、そして60mLのモノマー液をこの袋(最初の膜を作るのに用いたのと同じ組成の)に加えた。次いで、これを密封し、そして35℃のオーブンで16時間加熱し、モノマー混合物を膜中に浸み込ませた。
Pt触媒インクを調製し、そして30分間超音波処理し、そして一晩撹拌した。このインクは、インクが不均一になるのを防止するように常に撹拌したままにした。
噴霧するためにエアブラシを用いた。膜に噴霧した後に、これを治具の中で、IntellarayUVランプ(30W/cm2)の下でそれぞれの面を20分間硬化させた。
2−アクリルアミド−2−メチル−1−プロパンスルホン酸(AMPSA)
ビニルスルホン酸(VSA)
スチレンスルホン酸(SSA)
2−スルホエチルメタクリレート(SOMA)
3−スルホプロピルメタクリレート(Na塩)(SPM)
ビニルベンジルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド
ビニルベンジルトリメチルホスホニウムクロリド
2,4,6−トリス(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール
Claims (19)
- イオンポリマー膜を形成する方法であって、
(i)1種もしくは2種以上の第1のモノマーの混合物を重合してイオンポリマー膜を形成する工程、
(ii)(i)のポリマー膜を、1種もしくは2種以上の第2のモノマーの混合物中に、該溶液が該ポリマー膜の全体を通して侵入するのに十分な時間、浸漬する工程、ならびに、
(iii)工程(ii)のモノマーをコーティングされたポリマーを重合して、本質的に均質なイオンポリマーを形成する工程、
を含む方法。 - 工程(i)によって形成された前記ポリマー膜が、親水性である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記十分な時間が、少なくとも3時間である、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー膜が、工程(i)および(ii)の間に、水中で水和される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 工程(iii)の後に形成された前記ポリマーが、水中で水和される(工程(iv)と表す)、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記1種もしくは2種以上の第2のモノマーの溶液が、イオン性成分を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記1種もしくは2種以上の第1のモノマーの混合物が、前記1種もしくは2種以上の第2のモノマーの混合物と同じ組成を有している、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記1種もしくは2種以上の第1のモノマーの混合物および/または前記1種もしくは2種以上の第2のモノマーの混合物が、前記モノマーと水の均一な混合物を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記1種もしくは2種以上の第1のモノマーの混合物および/または前記1種もしくは2種以上の第2のモノマーの混合物が、親水性モノマー、水、疎水性モノマーおよび、強いイオン性基を含むモノマーの均一な混合物を含む、請求項8記載の方法。
- 工程(ii)および(iii)の間に、触媒が、前記モノマーがコーティングされたポリマー上に堆積される、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 同じか、または異なる触媒が、工程(iii)または工程(iv)の後に形成されている前記ポリマー上に堆積される、請求項10記載の方法。
- 前記触媒が、粉末の形態である、請求項10または11記載の方法。
- 前記触媒が、溶媒中の、触媒の微細な粉末およびバインダの懸濁液を含むインク組成物の形態である、請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記触媒が、噴霧することによって堆積される、請求項10〜13のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記触媒が、前記モノマーをコーティングされたアイオノマーを前記触媒中に浸漬することによって堆積される、請求項10〜13のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 触媒がコーティングされたイオンポリマー膜を形成する方法であって、
(i)1種もしくは2種以上の第1のモノマーの混合物を重合して、イオンポリマー膜を形成する工程、
(ii)(i)の該ポリマーを、1種もしくは2種以上の第2のモノマー混合物中に浸漬する工程、
(iia)該モノマーをコーティングされたポリマー上に触媒を堆積する工程、ならびに、
(iii)工程(iia)の該モノマーをコーティングされたポリマーを重合する工程、
を含む方法。 - 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項記載の特徴の1つもしくは2つ以上を更に有する、請求項16記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の方法によって得られたポリマー膜。
- 請求項18記載のポリマー膜を含む、膜電極接合体。
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