JP2013507239A - 下降流触媒反応器の流れ分配装置 - Google Patents
下降流触媒反応器の流れ分配装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 82
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
- B01F23/2326—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles adding the flowing main component by suction means, e.g. using an ejector
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
- B01F25/4335—Mixers with a converging-diverging cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
- B01J8/0453—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0492—Feeding reactive fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
- B01J2208/00823—Mixing elements
- B01J2208/00831—Stationary elements
- B01J2208/00849—Stationary elements outside the bed, e.g. baffles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects
- B01J2219/00024—Revamping, retrofitting or modernisation of existing plants
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
例1(比較例):トレイが平らでないことをシミュレートするために、2つの同一の煙突AとBが11インチ(27.94cm)径のテストセルに取り付けられ、煙突Aは煙突Bよりもほぼ0.25インチ(0.635cm)低くなっている。煙突は、ほぼ6インチ(15.24cm)離されている。各煙突の径は2.5インチ(6.35cm)である。0.5インチ(1.27cm)径の2つの側部開口が煙突AとBのそれぞれの底部から1.0インチ(2.54cm)上方に設けられる。各煙突の高さは、6.5インチ(16.51cm)である。1分あたり2.6ガロン(GPM)の流量の水と、1分あたり8標準立方フィートの流量の空気が、下降流触媒反応器における条件をシミュレートするために使われる。水は、側部開口を通って煙突に入り、ガスは、頂部開口を通って入ってくる。液体の流量は、煙突の各々を通って測定される。煙突Aは、58.5%の流量を有し、煙突Bは、41.5%の流量を有する。
Claims (15)
- 多相流体を粒状固体に分配するための流れ分配装置において、
ガス導管の半径よりも大きな半径を有する混合キャビティにガス相を導入する少なくとも1つのガス導管であって、当該ガス導管は、ガス入口開口から下方のガス導管開口を通って混合キャビティに延び、当該ガス導管開口は、混合キャビティへと液体相を導入するための液体導管の下方範囲よりも低くないように位置決めされる、ガス導管と、
流れ分配装置からの液体・ガス相を加速し分散させる多相ノズルであって、当該ノズルが、混合キャビティと連結され同軸整合されるノズル入口を有している、ノズルとを備えた、流れ分配装置。 - 前記ガス導管が円筒形である、請求項1に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 前記ガス導管が垂直方向に向いている、請求項1に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 前記ガス導管の開口が、液体導管の下限と上限の間で水平面上にある、請求項1に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 前記ガス導管の開口が、液体導管の上限よりも低くない水平面上にある、請求項1に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 前記多相ノズルが、底部出口を更に含む、請求項1に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 円筒形外壁と密接に流体連結する頂部蓋部と、少なくとも1つのガス入口とを有する、請求項1に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 前記多相ノズルが、前記混合キャビティを流体連結するノズル入口を有している、請求項1に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 前記底部開口の直径が、前記多相ノズルの直径よりも大きい、請求項6に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 前記多相ノズルの傾斜が、該多相ノズルの開口を2分する平面から測定した時に30度から60度の間である、請求項8に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 前記多相ノズルが、傾斜した内壁を有している、請求項1に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 前記内壁の傾斜が、該多相ノズルの開口を2分する平面から測定した時に30度から60度の間である、請求項11に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 煙突を更に備える、請求項1に記載の流れ分配装置。
- 粒状固体触媒材料の少なくとも1つの触媒塔上に、少なくとも1つのガス相と少なくとも1つの液相を有する下方流多相混合物を分配するための、少なくとも1つの煙突を有する分配トレイであって、当該煙突は、煙突に後から取り付けられる1つの流れ分配装置を有する、分配トレイにおいて、
当該流れ分配装置は、ガス導管の半径よりも大きな半径を有する混合キャビティにガス相を導入する少なくとも1つのガス導管であって、当該ガス導管は、ガス入口開口から下方のガス導管開口を通って混合キャビティに延び、当該ガス導管開口は、混合キャビティへと液体相を導入するための液体導管の下方範囲よりも低くないように位置決めされる、ガス導管と、
流れ分配装置からの液体・ガス相を加速し分散させる多相ノズルであって、当該ノズルが、混合キャビティと連結され同軸整合されるノズル入口を有している、ノズルとを備えた、分配トレイ。 - 前記煙突が、前記液体導管と同軸の液体流のための側部開口を有している、請求項14に記載の分配トレイ。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/575,334 US8211375B2 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2009-10-07 | Flow distribution device for downflow catalytic reactors |
US12/575,334 | 2009-10-07 | ||
PCT/US2010/051583 WO2011044201A2 (en) | 2009-10-07 | 2010-10-06 | Flow distribution device for downflow catalytic reactors |
Related Child Applications (1)
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JP2016005984A Division JP6093885B2 (ja) | 2009-10-07 | 2016-01-15 | 下降流触媒反応器の流れ分配装置 |
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JP2012533269A Pending JP2013507239A (ja) | 2009-10-07 | 2010-10-06 | 下降流触媒反応器の流れ分配装置 |
JP2016005984A Active JP6093885B2 (ja) | 2009-10-07 | 2016-01-15 | 下降流触媒反応器の流れ分配装置 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8211375B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2542335A4 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2013507239A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101732409B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102574087B (ja) |
AR (1) | AR078526A1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2010303517B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112012008022B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2776782C (ja) |
IN (1) | IN2012DN03171A (ja) |
MY (1) | MY161960A (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2542248C2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI466716B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011044201A2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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BRPI0704849B1 (pt) * | 2007-12-13 | 2016-03-22 | Petróleo Brasileiro S A Petrobras | bico distribuidor de carga bifásica para reatores de leito fixo |
PL2078552T3 (pl) * | 2008-01-09 | 2014-11-28 | Haldor Topsoe As | Urządzenie do rozprowadzania pary-cieczy |
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2009
- 2009-10-07 US US12/575,334 patent/US8211375B2/en active Active
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- 2010-10-06 CN CN201080044862.4A patent/CN102574087B/zh active Active
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BR112012008022B1 (pt) | 2023-10-03 |
CN102574087B (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
EP2542335A2 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
KR101732409B1 (ko) | 2017-05-24 |
CA2776782A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
JP6093885B2 (ja) | 2017-03-08 |
AR078526A1 (es) | 2011-11-16 |
KR20120093206A (ko) | 2012-08-22 |
CA2776782C (en) | 2017-09-26 |
IN2012DN03171A (ja) | 2015-09-25 |
AU2010303517A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
MY161960A (en) | 2017-05-15 |
EP2542335A4 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
JP2016106024A (ja) | 2016-06-16 |
AU2010303517B2 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
CN102574087A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
US20110081282A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
TW201121643A (en) | 2011-07-01 |
US8211375B2 (en) | 2012-07-03 |
TWI466716B (zh) | 2015-01-01 |
RU2542248C2 (ru) | 2015-02-20 |
BR112012008022A2 (pt) | 2016-06-14 |
RU2012118765A (ru) | 2013-11-20 |
WO2011044201A2 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
WO2011044201A3 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
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