JP2013127162A - Device for lifting and discharging deep part water of dam lake - Google Patents
Device for lifting and discharging deep part water of dam lake Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013127162A JP2013127162A JP2011276565A JP2011276565A JP2013127162A JP 2013127162 A JP2013127162 A JP 2013127162A JP 2011276565 A JP2011276565 A JP 2011276565A JP 2011276565 A JP2011276565 A JP 2011276565A JP 2013127162 A JP2013127162 A JP 2013127162A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は治水用ダム、発電用ダム、かんがい用ダムや湖沼等の堰堤近傍に、沈殿物を堆積させないように放流する設備に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a facility for discharging sediments in the vicinity of a dam such as flood control dams, power generation dams, irrigation dams, and lakes.
ダム湖からの放流は、通常利水ゲートや放流ゲート、洪水時には非常用放流ゲートからなされるものであり、表層水、或いは、上部水を放流するために、水処理装置の重力分離槽と同様に、水中浮遊物が非常に沈殿しやすい形態である。
ダム湖内沈殿物は、ダム湖提体下部の排砂ゲートを開放して排除されるものではあるが、一気に流出させることは、河川流域から海に至る安全の確保、汚濁等の問題もあり、各種方法での浚渫や、近年は礫石泥土をダムに流入させない迂回トンネル方式もある。
The discharge from the dam lake is usually done from the water utilization gate, the discharge gate, and the emergency discharge gate in the event of a flood. In order to discharge the surface water or the upper water, it is the same as the gravity separation tank of the water treatment device. In this form, suspended matter in water is very easy to settle.
The sediment in the dam lake is removed by opening the sand removal gate at the bottom of the dam lake slab. However, there are problems such as ensuring safety from the river basin to the sea and pollution. In addition, there are dredging by various methods, and in recent years there are detour tunnel methods that do not allow gravelstone mud to flow into the dam.
ダム湖の沈殿物は、既設の古いダムほど堆砂がダム機能の低下として問題になり、近年ではダム下流河川での流砂不足から生じる河川の荒廃、海浜の消滅等のメカニズムが解明され問題視されるようになって来た、また、河川や海の水生生物、プランクトンの栄養源である有機浮遊物をダム内に堰き止め沈殿腐敗させてしまう課題や、古いダムでは排砂ゲートの無いダムもあり、浚渫には設備のみならず大きな動力エネルギーを必要とし、高水深ダムでは浚渫すら困難になる課題、更に、倒木の流入で放流ゲートの操作不能を生じるような課題もある。 In the sediments of dam lakes, the sedimentation of existing dams becomes a problem as the dam function deteriorates.In recent years, the mechanisms such as river devastation and beach disappearance due to the shortage of sediment in the river downstream of the dam have been elucidated. In addition, there are problems that cause organic suspended solids, which are nutrients for rivers, sea aquatic organisms, and plankton, to be dammed and rotted into dams. However, dredging requires not only equipment but also large motive energy, and there is a problem that even a dredging dam makes dredging difficult. In addition, there is a problem that the discharge gate becomes inoperable due to the inflow of fallen trees.
本発明では、揚水管をダム湖提体内壁面に沿わせ、下方に向けて配設し、下方端吸水口を沈殿物、或いは、ダム湖底に近接して開口させ、ダム湖の深部水を同揚水管で水位差やサイホン現象を利用して揚水し、放流ゲートや利水ゲートから放流することにより、ダム湖下流域の流れを、ダム湖底の揚水管吸水口に向けた、深層流れに変えて、沈殿物を吸水口に導き流入させ、放流水と共に揚水して、各ゲートからダム湖外に排除し、ダム湖下流域での沈殿物堆積を軽減防止することにより、より上流域沈殿物の流下移動を助長する。 In the present invention, the pumping pipe is arranged along the wall surface of the dam lake body and facing downward, and the lower end water intake is opened close to the sediment or the bottom of the dam lake, so that the deep water of the dam lake is the same. By using the water level difference and siphon phenomenon in the pumping pipe, and discharging from the discharge gate and the water utilization gate, the flow in the downstream area of the dam lake is changed to a deep flow toward the pump pipe inlet at the bottom of the dam lake. The sediment is introduced into the water intake, pumped together with the discharged water, and removed from each gate to the outside of the dam lake to prevent the sediment accumulation in the downstream area of the dam lake. Helps move down.
ダム湖の提体上部には、通常の放水路や非常用放水路が開窄して設けられ、放流ゲートを備えるものが多い、提体上部中段には（通常）放流ゲートや利水ゲートを備えた提体を貫通した放水路があり、本発明では既設ダムへの利用に当たってはこれ等の放水路を利用し、或いは、同様放水路を新に開窄、窄孔して実施する。 The upper part of the dam lake basin is provided with a normal irrigation channel and an emergency irrigation channel, and many of them are equipped with discharge gates. In the upper middle part of the dam body, there are (usually) discharge gates and water utilization gates. In the present invention, these irrigation channels are used for use in existing dams, or the irrigation channels are newly opened and narrowed.
提体上部の放水路を利用する場合は、提体内壁面に添わせて下方に伸延させて配設した揚水管の上方端を、放流ゲート下を通過させて放流し、揚水管の下方端は堆積沈殿物近くに、或いはダム湖底近くに開口させた吸水口とする。
放流ゲート直下の揚水管上辺を補強する形に設けた底戸当りブロックに、放流ゲートを降下当接させて止水し、ダム内水位を上げ、揚水管の通水に必要な管路の抵抗損失、流入抵抗損失、速度水頭、揚水の比重差等の必要水位差水頭を得る。
既設の放水路の場合は揚水管高さ分を深く開削して、放流ゲート開放時の従来放流水位を変えずに、揚水管を配設することができる。
When using the drainage channel at the upper part of the levee, the upper end of the pumped pipe that is extended downward along the wall of the buoyant body is discharged under the discharge gate, and the lower end of the pumped pipe is The water intake is opened near sedimentary sediment or near the bottom of the dam lake.
The drainage gate is lowered and brought into contact with the bottom door block provided to reinforce the upper side of the pumping pipe directly below the discharge gate, the water is stopped by raising the water level in the dam, and the resistance of the pipe required for water flow through the pumping pipe Obtain necessary water level difference heads such as loss, inflow resistance loss, speed head, specific gravity difference of pumped water.
In the case of an existing discharge channel, the pumping pipe can be arranged without changing the conventional discharge water level when the discharge gate is opened by deeply cutting the height of the pumping pipe.
揚水管の吸水口においては、矩形揚水管の場合は、矩形断面の補吸水管を揚水管の上辺に重ねる形で下方端から一定長さ併設し、下方端上辺壁を庇状に吸水口より突出させた形で注水口を開口させ、円形揚水管の場合は、揚水管に併設した一定長さの補吸水管の下方端を、揚水管の吸水口を囲う形に設けたガード内注水口に接続連通し、沈殿物が吸水口に接近し、吸水抵抗が大きくなった時や、吸水口が埋没した時に、補吸水管上端に開口させた補吸水口から上部水を吸入し吸水口に噴入させ、揚水管濃度の抑制、揚水管内最低速度の確保を行い、吸水口周辺沈殿物の排除を行う。 In the case of a rectangular pumping pipe, in the case of a rectangular pumping pipe, a rectangular auxiliary water pipe is overlapped on the upper side of the pumping pipe, and a fixed length is provided from the lower end, and the upper side wall of the lower end is shaped like a bowl from the water inlet. The water inlet is opened in a protruding shape, and in the case of a circular water pump, the lower end of a fixed length of the auxiliary water intake pipe attached to the water pump pipe is provided inside the guard so as to surround the water intake of the water pump pipe. When the sediment approaches the water intake port and the water absorption resistance increases, or when the water intake port is buried, the upper water is sucked into the water intake port from the auxiliary water intake port opened at the upper end of the auxiliary water intake pipe. Inject, suppress the concentration of the pumping pipe, secure the minimum speed in the pumping pipe, and eliminate sediment around the water intake.
高水深ダム湖の提体上部放水路の場合は、大きな水位差水頭を必要とするために、揚水管を延長する形のサイホン管を接続連通して、提体外壁面を下方に伸延させ、終末端に上昇水路部分を設けた放流管を経て放流する。
サイホン管の降下長さは、必要とするサイホン水頭（１０．３Ｍ以下）＋放流端の速度水頭＋管路損失抵抗を合算した高さ水頭を放流管端に確保した、なるべく短い長さにして、通水初期の通水による連れ出し排気時間を短縮する。
In the case of the upper irrigation canal of the deep water dam lake, a large siphon head is required, so a siphon tube with an extension of the pumping pipe is connected and the outer wall surface of the dam is extended downward. It discharges through the discharge pipe which provided the rising channel part at the end.
The descent length of the siphon tube should be as short as possible to ensure the height head of the sum of the required siphon head (10.3M or less) + velocity head at the discharge end + pipe loss resistance at the end of the discharge pipe. , Reduce the exhaust time of take-out by passing water at the beginning of water flow.
また、サイホン管を設けた場合は、放流終了時にダム湖内水位を必要以上に下げないために、サイホン管、または、揚水管の頭頂部に連通した吸気管を分岐し、一旦上方に立ち上げた後、下方に転回させ、サイホン効果を停止させたいダム内水位から必要サイホン水頭高さを確保した配管でダム湖内に開放する。 In addition, when a siphon pipe is provided, the intake pipe connected to the top of the siphon pipe or the head of the pumping pipe is branched and raised upward in order not to lower the dam lake water level more than necessary at the end of discharge. After that, it is turned down and opened into the dam lake by piping that secures the required siphon head height from the water level in the dam where the siphon effect is to be stopped.
ダム湖内貯留水位以下の高さに設けた利水ゲートや通常放流ゲートを備えた利水水路を利用して実施する場合は、利水水路のダム湖内側開口部を前述の揚水管の途中に接続連通させることや単独の揚水管を該利水水路から下方に伸延させて設けることができ、この場合は、利水水路より高い水位にダム湖内水位を上げることは容易であり、高水深ダムに対応できやすいばかりでなく、浅いダム湖の場合には、大流量が得やすく、より大きな沈殿物まで排除することや吸水口巾を広くして巾広く吸泥させることができる。 When using a water supply channel with a water supply gate provided at a level below the reservoir water level in the dam lake or a normal discharge gate, connect the opening inside the dam lake to the middle of the above-mentioned pumping pipe. In this case, it is easy to raise the water level in the dam lake to a higher water level than the irrigation canal, and it can cope with high water depth dams. Not only is it easy, but in the case of a shallow dam lake, it is easy to obtain a large flow rate, and even larger sediments can be eliminated and the water intake width can be widened to absorb mud.
前述の揚水管及びサイホン管は、いずれも単独或いは複数の円形鋼管製とすることができ、円形鋼管製とすることで工作が著しく容易となる。 Each of the above-described pumping pipe and siphon pipe can be made of a single or a plurality of circular steel pipes, and the work can be remarkably facilitated by using the circular steel pipes.
また、沈殿物が堆積した状態の既設ダム湖に本発明装置を実施する場合においては、利水水路の流入口にかぶせる形に設けた揚水管を上下方向に摺動可能に配設し、ウインチとワイヤーでダム湖内壁面を摺動降下させて、沈殿物を排除掘進させることができる。 In addition, when the apparatus of the present invention is applied to an existing dam lake where sediment has accumulated, a pumping pipe provided in a shape to cover the inlet of the irrigation waterway is slidable in the vertical direction, and the winch and By sliding down the inner wall of the dam lake with a wire, the deposit can be excavated.
円形鋼管製とした場合は、補吸水口より上方の円形揚水管の一部を二重管状の伸縮管で構成し、沈殿物の掘進排除に合せて降下延伸させ、掘進した分のツナギ円形揚水管を中間に挿入接続する方法で、ダム湖底までの堆積沈殿物の排除を行い、所定位置に設置できる。 If it is made of a circular steel pipe, a part of the circular pumping pipe above the auxiliary water intake port is made up of a double tubular telescopic pipe. By inserting and connecting the pipes in the middle, sediments up to the bottom of the dam lake can be removed and installed in place.
尚、このように掘進排除を行う場合は、吸水口周辺にノズルを配設し、別途用意した圧力水を噴射して掘進を助勢することができる。 In addition, when performing excavation in this way, a nozzle can be arrange | positioned around a water inlet and a pressure water prepared separately can be injected, and an excavation can be assisted.
上述する本発明の提体上部放水路を使用するものにあっては、放流ゲートを閉止した状態で、洪水水位が放水路に到達すると共に揚水管はダム湖底水の揚水を開始して、ダム湖水位の上昇と共に放水量が増大し、吸水口では、該放水量の流入流速に相応した大きさまでの沈殿物を巻上げ混合して揚水し、ダム湖外下流に放流する。 In the case of using the dam upper discharge channel of the present invention described above, the flood water level reaches the discharge channel with the discharge gate closed, and the pumping pipe starts pumping the dam lake bottom water. As the lake water level rises, the amount of water discharged increases, and at the water intake, sediment up to a size corresponding to the inflow velocity of the water discharge amount is mixed up, pumped, and discharged downstream from the dam lake.
揚水管に補吸水管を備えたものにあっては、高水深での沈殿物揚送において、沈殿物混合濃度が液比重の増加のみならず、管路の抵抗値にも影響を及ぼすために、補給水管通水面積を大きく設定して上部水の注水量を増やし、高過ぎる時の濃度を抑制し、浅いダムでは、補給水管通水面積を小さく設定して、高い揚水濃度まで対応できる装置にできる。
また、万一吸水口周辺が沈殿物で完全に埋没した場合は、大量の上部水を注入して揚水管内の最低限流速を確保し、吸水口周辺沈殿物を速やかに排除させることができ、ダム湖最深部に沈殿物を堆積させることなく、安定した放流が行える。
In the case of a pumping pipe equipped with a supplementary water absorption pipe, the sediment concentration at high water depth not only increases the liquid specific gravity but also affects the resistance of the pipe. , Set up the supplemental water pipe area to increase the amount of water injected into the upper water, suppress the concentration when it is too high, and in shallow dams, set the supplemental water pipe area to be small to accommodate high pumping concentration Can be.
In addition, if the area around the water inlet is completely buried with sediment, a large amount of upper water is injected to ensure the minimum flow velocity in the pumping pipe, and the sediment around the water inlet can be quickly eliminated. Stable discharge is possible without depositing sediment in the deepest part of the dam lake.
また、放流によって創出した深層流れは、ダム湖底に向けて浮遊沈降する沈殿物を下流側に導きやすく、下流ほど速い流れは沈殿物を確実に排除できてダム湖の最深部に沈殿物を堆積させない効果がある。 In addition, the deep flow created by the discharge makes it easy to guide the sediment that floats and sinks toward the bottom of the dam lake, and the faster the flow downstream, the sediment can be surely eliminated and the sediment is deposited at the deepest part of the dam lake. There is no effect.
サイホン管端を上昇水路部分を設けた放流管を経て放流することは、管端のシール性を確保して、確実にサイホン効果を得られることは勿論であるが、通水開始時の排気時間の短縮、吸水口の吸水状況変化時の放流端の安定を保ち、更に、サイホン管端を溜め桝内に開放す場合のような沈殿物の堆積や、放流口に逆止弁を設ける場合のような木枝異物の詰り、引っ掛かりがない。 Discharging the siphon pipe end through the discharge pipe provided with the ascending water channel part ensures the sealing performance of the pipe end and ensures the siphon effect, but the exhaust time at the start of water flow When maintaining the discharge end when the water intake status of the intake port changes, and when depositing sediment, such as when opening the siphon tube end into the reservoir, or when installing a check valve at the discharge port There is no clogging or catching of foreign materials like tree branches.
サイホン現象解除のために設ける吸気管は、ダム湖内に吸気管端を開放することで、バルブの開閉操作によって吸気させる場合のようなバルブ及びバルブ操作動力手段を必要とせず、無動力オートマチックな構成にできる。 The intake pipe provided for releasing the siphon phenomenon does not require a valve and valve operating power means as in the case of intake by opening and closing the valve by opening the end of the intake pipe in the dam lake, and is a non-powered automatic Can be configured.
利水ゲートを備えた利水水路に揚水管を接続連通させる場合においては、提体上部の放水路高さまでの水位差を安全に得ることができ、より深いダム湖底までの揚水放流を可能にできることや、揚水管内流速を高めてより大きな沈殿物の排除を行うこと、吸水口巾を広くしてより広い範囲の沈殿物の堆積防止、また、大きな洪水時以外での沈殿物排除が行える等、非常に利用しやすくなる効果がある。 When connecting a pumping pipe to a water supply channel with a water supply gate, it is possible to safely obtain the water level difference up to the height of the water discharge channel at the top of the dam, and to enable pumping discharge to a deeper dam lake. Increase the flow velocity in the pumping pipe to eliminate larger sediments, widen the water intake port to prevent sedimentation of a wider range of sediments, and eliminate sediments other than during large floods. It has the effect of making it easier to use.
摺動降下可能な矩形揚水管や、伸縮可能な円形揚水管部を備えたものにあっては、既設ダムへの施行に際し、事前に浚渫を行うことなく施行できる効果は大きい。 In the case of a rectangular pumping pipe that can slide down and a circular pumping pipe part that can be expanded and contracted, the effect that can be implemented without dredging in advance is great when it is applied to an existing dam.
洪水時に発生しやすい流木に対しても、揚水管で揚水放流する本発明では、まったく流木の影響を受けることはなく、支障することもない。 Even in the case of a driftwood that is likely to occur during a flood, in the present invention in which the pumped water is discharged by a pumping pipe, the driftwood is not affected at all and does not hinder.
このような本発明は、ダム湖提体最深部の排砂ゲートを開放して排砂する場合のような、下流河川から海に至るまでの周到な準備の元、高水圧のゲートを開放し、高流速の噴流を処理して放流させるような煩わしさがなく、従来通りのダム湖の放流ゲートや利水ゲートからの放流同様に日常的に行える効果は大きい。 In the present invention, the high pressure gate is opened under careful preparation from the downstream river to the sea, such as when the sand discharge gate at the deepest part of the dam lake is opened. There is no inconvenience of processing and discharging a high-velocity jet, and the effect that can be done on a daily basis is the same as the discharge from a conventional discharge gate or irrigation gate of a dam lake.
特に、従来のダム湖堰堤近くの湖底に堆積して腐敗し、水質劣化を招いていた軽質な有機沈殿物を汚泥化させず、自然に近い形で下流河川に流し、海に至らしめることは大きな自然の回復であり、水生生物の生育に与える好影響は甚大なものがある。 In particular, the light organic deposits that have accumulated on the bottom of the lake near the dam dam and that have been rotted and caused deterioration of the water quality are not sludged, but flow into the downstream river in a form close to nature and reach the sea. It is a great restoration of nature and has a profound impact on the growth of aquatic organisms.
以下、本発明の実施形態を図１〜図１３に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
本発明の第１実施例は図１、図２及び図１３（ト）に図示するように、ダム提体１Ａの内壁面ｂに添わせる形で、各放流ゲート２の巾に合せた矩形断面の揚水管３Ａを下方に向け、ダム湖底近くまで併設伸延して吸水口ｈを開口させ、揚水管３Ａの下方部に重ねる形で補吸水管４Ａを併設し、同補吸水管４Ａの下方端に注水口ｐを開口させたものであり、揚水管３Ａ上端は放流ゲート２の下方を通過して放水路ａに開放し、放流ゲート２の直下部の揚水管３Ａ上には底戸当りブロック９を設ける。 As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 13 (G), the first embodiment of the present invention has a rectangular cross section that is attached to the inner wall surface b of the dam support 1A and that matches the width of each discharge gate 2. The water intake pipe 3A is directed downward, extended near the bottom of the dam lake, the water intake h is opened, and the auxiliary water intake pipe 4A is provided in the form of overlapping the lower part of the water pump pipe 3A. The upper end of the pumping pipe 3A passes below the discharge gate 2 and opens to the discharge channel a, and the bottom door is blocked on the pumping pipe 3A immediately below the discharge gate 2. 9 is provided.
本実施例の場合は、洪水時等にダム内水位が放水路ａの底面水位である越流水位ｅを超えると揚水管３Ａからの揚水が始まり、放流ゲート２が閉止状態ではダム内水位の上昇と共に放水量が増加するけれども、危険水位を越え、非常放流が必要な時は放流ゲート２を開放放流してより大水量の放流が行える。 In the case of this embodiment, when the water level in the dam exceeds the overflow water level e, which is the bottom water level of the discharge channel a, in the case of flooding, pumping from the pump pipe 3A starts, and when the discharge gate 2 is closed, the water level in the dam Although the water discharge increases with the rise, when the critical water level is exceeded and emergency discharge is required, the discharge gate 2 can be opened and discharged to discharge a larger amount of water.
本発明の揚水放流に必要な水頭を実際数値で示すと、例えば、揚水管３Ａを口径６００Ａに相当する管路とし、砂粒子径２ｍｍ、容積濃度５％、混合液比重１．０４９を安全に揚水する場合、揚水管内流速３．５Ｍ／Ｓｅｃ程度を必要とし、管路抵抗は３ＭＡｑ／１００Ｍ、流入損失０．６２５Ｍ＋速度水頭０．６２５Ｍ＝１．２５ＭＡｑが必要であり、仮に３０Ｍ水深であれば、３０×３／１００×１．０４９＋１．２５＝２．１９４ＭＡｑであり、約２．２ＭＡｑの水位差水頭が必要である。 When the water head necessary for the pumping and discharging of the present invention is indicated by actual numerical values, for example, the pumping pipe 3A is a pipe corresponding to a diameter of 600A, and the sand particle diameter is 2 mm, the volume concentration is 5%, and the mixed liquid specific gravity is 1.049. When pumping up, the pumping pipe requires a flow rate of about 3.5M / Sec, pipe resistance of 3MAq / 100M, inflow loss 0.625M + speed head 0.625M = 1.25MAq, and if the water depth is 30M 30 × 3/100 × 1.049 + 1.25 = 2.194 MAq, and a water level difference head of about 2.2 MAq is required.
実施例２は図３及び図４及び図１３（ト）に示すように、実施例１の揚水管３Ａの放流端にサイホン管５Ｂを接続延長し、ダム提体１の外壁面ｃを降下させ、放流管６Ｂを経て開放し、揚水管３Ｂの頭頂部には吸気管１０を分岐して、一旦上方に立ち上げた後、反転降下させてダム湖内に吸気口ｋを開放させたものである。 In Example 2, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 13 (G), the siphon pipe 5 </ b> B is connected and extended to the discharge end of the pumped pipe 3 </ b> A of Example 1, and the outer wall surface c of the dam dam 1 is lowered. The pipe is opened through the discharge pipe 6B, and the intake pipe 10 is branched to the top of the pumping pipe 3B. The pipe 10 is raised upward and then lowered to open the inlet k in the dam lake. is there.
サイホン配管を行い真空装置を備えた設備の場合のような、管路の放流端に真空水頭に相当する貯留水量を必要とせず、逆止弁を備える必要もない、揚水管３Ｂの揚水開始と共に、放流管６は揚水で満たされてサイホン管５Ｂ管端のシールが確保され、通水による管内排気の進行と共に、サイホン管内は端末からの滞留水位が高くなり真空が保持される。 With the start of pumping of the pumping pipe 3B, which does not require a storage water amount corresponding to the vacuum head at the discharge end of the pipe line as in the case of the equipment having siphon piping and a vacuum device, it is not necessary to provide a check valve. The discharge pipe 6 is filled with pumped water so that the seal of the pipe end of the siphon pipe 5B is ensured, and the water level from the terminal is increased and the vacuum is maintained in the siphon pipe along with the progress of exhaust in the pipe due to water flow.
実施例３は図５、図６及び図１３（ト）に示すように、ダムの貯留水位ｄ以下の提体１Ｃに設けられる利水ゲート８からの放流を利用するものであり、上端を閉鎖した揚水管３Ｃを利水水路７にかぶせる形で接続連通してダム湖底に向け延伸したものであり、通常の利水放流時においてもダム湖底の沈殿物が放流水と共に排除できるばかりでなく、洪水時の高水位時には大きな水量を放流し、より大きな沈殿物の排除が行える。 As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 13 (g), Example 3 uses the discharge from the water utilization gate 8 provided in the dam 1C below the dam reservoir water level d, and the upper end is closed. It is connected to the irrigation water channel 7 so that the pumping pipe 3C is connected to the irrigation waterway 7 and extends toward the bottom of the dam lake. Not only can the sediment at the bottom of the dam lake be removed together with the effluent water during normal irrigation discharge, When the water level is high, a large amount of water is discharged, and larger sediments can be eliminated.
実施例４は沈殿物が堆積した状態の既設ダム湖への設置を想定したものであり、図７、図８及び図１３（ト）に示すように、実施例３の揚水管３Ｃに相当する揚水管３Ｄをダム湖内壁面ｂに沿わせて上下方向に摺動可能に、ワイヤー１１とウインチ１２で牽引昇降させるものである。
ダム底の沈殿物ｊに近接させてワイヤー１１で牽引設置した揚水管３Ｄを、放流水の通水に依り生じる沈殿物ｊの排除に合せて降下させて、ダム底近くまで掘進降下させるものであるが、降下速度は濃度センサーや放水状況の変化に充分留意して行う必要があり、簡易的には一定放水水量毎に一定高さ降下させる方法で行う。
Example 4 is assumed to be installed in an existing dam lake where sediment has accumulated, and corresponds to the pumped pipe 3C of Example 3 as shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 13G. The pumping pipe 3D is pulled and raised by the wire 11 and the winch 12 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction along the inner wall b of the dam lake.
The pumping pipe 3D pulled and installed by the wire 11 in the vicinity of the sediment j at the bottom of the dam is lowered in accordance with the exclusion of the sediment j generated by the flow of the discharged water, and moved down to the vicinity of the dam bottom. However, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to changes in concentration sensors and water discharge conditions, and the descent speed is simply reduced by a certain height for each fixed water discharge amount.
尚、長期間堆積した沈殿物ｊは吸引され難いため、補吸水管４Ｄの下方端に下方、或いは前方に向けたノズルを配設して、別途用意した圧力水をフラッシングする。
また、この圧力水をフラッシングする方法は、他の実施例の場合にも必要に応じて採用できるが、通常はダム湖堰堤近くの沈殿物は、形質微細な物であり備える必要はない。
In addition, since the deposit j accumulated for a long period of time is difficult to be sucked, a nozzle directed downward or forward is disposed at the lower end of the auxiliary water suction pipe 4D to flush the pressure water prepared separately.
Moreover, although the method of flushing the pressure water can be adopted as needed in the case of other embodiments, usually, the deposit near the dam lake dam is a minute character and need not be provided.
実施例５は図９、図１０及び図１３（チ）に示すように、実施例２の揚水管３Ｂおよびサイホン管５Ｂを円形鋼管製管路に変更したものであり、工作が容易になる利点があり、実施例４と同様の沈殿物ｊの排除掘進ができる装置とする場合には、円形揚水管３Ｅの途中一部を伸縮可能な二重管にして、延伸させながら沈殿物を掘進させることができ、円形揚水管３Ｅ一本ごとの掘進が可能になる。 As shown in FIGS. 9, 10 and 13 (h), the fifth embodiment is obtained by changing the pumping pipe 3B and the siphon pipe 5B of the second embodiment to circular steel pipe pipes, which makes it easy to work. In the case of an apparatus capable of excavating the deposit j as in the fourth embodiment, a part of the circular pumping pipe 3E is made a double pipe that can be expanded and contracted, and the precipitate is dug while being stretched. This enables excavation for each circular pumping pipe 3E.
また、本実施例のサイホン管５Ｅ終端に接続する放流管１３は、図１１及び図１２に示すように下降から上昇に転回する付近の管路の両側を囲い、最下位点管路の上辺から下流側上方に向けてスリットｎを開窄して連通させ、沈殿物を堆積させない構成とした、自由水面を持った貯留部を設けた放流管１３となして、管路の補強を兼ねて通水初期のシール性を確実にする。 Further, the discharge pipe 13 connected to the end of the siphon pipe 5E of the present embodiment surrounds both sides of the pipe line in the vicinity of turning from descending to rising as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, and from the upper side of the lowest point pipe line. The slit n is opened and communicated toward the upper side of the downstream side, and the discharge pipe 13 is provided with a reservoir having a free water surface that is configured not to deposit sediment, and also serves to reinforce the pipeline. Ensure sealability in the initial stage of water.
尚、放流管１３は、本発明装置への使用以外にも例えば水中サンドポンプ等の山越え配管では、引き落としとなったホースの終末端が激しく振動し、ポンプ揚水量まで激しく変化する現象を防止する効果があり、混入固形物を輸送するポンプの安定運転に役立つ。 In addition to the use in the apparatus of the present invention, the discharge pipe 13 prevents the phenomenon that the terminal end of the hose that has been pulled down vibrates vigorously and changes drastically to the pump pumping amount, for example, in piping over a mountain such as an underwater sand pump. It is effective and helps to stabilize the operation of pumps that transport mixed solids.
本発明はダム湖の機能を永続させる大きな可能性を持ち、山野の有機浮遊物をダム湖底に沈殿腐敗させることなく、自然に近い形で下流に流し、河川や海の水生生物の生育環境を著しく向上させる、まったく無動力の設備とすることのできる装置であり、各種用途の既設、新設ダム湖に利用できる。 The present invention has a great potential to perpetuate the function of the dam lake, and the organic suspended matter in the mountains is allowed to flow downstream in a form close to nature without causing sedimentation and decay to the bottom of the dam lake. It is a device that can be remarkably improved and can be used as a completely non-powered facility, and can be used for existing and new dam lakes for various purposes.
１ １Ａ、１Ｂ、１Ｃ、１Ｄに共通する（ダム湖の）提体
１Ａ、１Ｂ、１Ｃ、１Ｄ、１Ｅ、 （ダム湖の）提体
２ 放流ゲート
３ ３Ａ、３Ｂ、３Ｃ、３Ｄに共通する揚水管
３Ａ、３Ｂ、３Ｃ、３Ｄ （矩形）揚水管
３Ｅ 円形揚水管
４ ４Ａ、４Ｂ、４Ｃ、４Ｄに共通する補吸水管
４Ａ、４Ｂ、４Ｃ、４Ｄ、補吸水管
４Ｅ 補吸水管
５Ｂ サイホン管
５Ｅ サイホン管
６ 放流管
７ 利水水路
８ 利水ゲート
９ 底戸当りブロック
１０ 吸気管
１１ ワイヤー
１２ ウインチ
１３ 放流管
１４ ガード
１５ 管受ブロック
ａ 放水路
ｂ 提体の内壁面
ｃ 提体の外壁面
ｄ 貯留水位
ｅ 越流水位
ｆ 底戸当り水位
ｈ 吸水口
ｉ 補吸水口
ｊ 沈殿物
ｋ 吸気口
ｍ 空気孔
ｎ スリット
ｐ 注水口
ｑ 放流口
1 Common to 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D (Dam Lake) 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, (Dam Lake) Ladder 2 Discharge gate 3 Common to 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D Pipe 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D (rectangular) pumping pipe 3E Circular pumping pipe 4 Supplementary water absorption pipes 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D common to 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, Supplementary water absorption pipe 4E Supplementary water absorption pipe 5B Siphon pipe 5E Siphon pipe 6 Drain pipe 7 Water diversion channel 8 Water diversion gate 9 Block per bottom door 10 Intake pipe 11 Wire 12 Winch 13 Drain pipe 14 Guard 15 Tube block a Drain path b Inner wall surface c Body outer wall d Reservoir level e Overflow water level f Water level per bottom h Water inlet i Supplementary water inlet j Precipitate k Air inlet m Air hole n Slit p Water inlet q Outlet
Claims (7)
At the end of the pipe that pumps and drains using siphon pipes and the pipe over the mountain of the pump (middle and high pipes), the pipe that discharges downwards is provided with an upward pipe at the end of the pipe A water storage part having a free water surface is provided so as to surround both sides of the part between the pipes at the end of the discharge pipe, and a constriction hole is formed on the upper side of the lowermost pipe of the upward turning part, or a slit toward the downstream ascending pipe part A drainage device for a draw-down pipe that is narrowed like a pipe and communicated between the water reservoir and the pipe.
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| CN108946642A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-07 | 温州扬翼轻工机械有限公司 | A kind of intellectual constant temperature mobile liquid waggon |
| CN109295940A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-01 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | The water supply bottom hole structure and remodeling method being transformed using bottom diversion outlet |
| CN110552326A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-12-10 | 黄芳 | Pneumatic steel dam fills exhaust pipe connection structure |
| CN111188321A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-22 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Water inlet quick gate vent structure |
| WO2020251234A1 (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2020-12-17 | 박삼식 | Environmentally-friendly river barrage |
| CN112267419A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-26 | 周希圣 | Automatic dredging, intercepting, sewage discharging and water transporting port on coastal region |
| JP2021080746A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-27 | 一般財団法人ダム技術センター | Dam spillway |
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| JP2000297420A (en) * | 1999-04-13 | 2000-10-24 | Morio Ishizuka | Sand moving method and device for storage dam |
| JP2010144359A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-07-01 | Public Works Research Institute | Suction pipe for flow-transporting underwater sediment, flow-transport apparatus for underwater sediment, and method for flow-transporting underwater sediment using the same |
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| CN108946642A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-07 | 温州扬翼轻工机械有限公司 | A kind of intellectual constant temperature mobile liquid waggon |
| CN109295940A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-01 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | The water supply bottom hole structure and remodeling method being transformed using bottom diversion outlet |
| CN109295940B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2023-12-26 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Water supply bottom hole structure reconstructed by using diversion bottom hole and reconstruction method |
| WO2020251234A1 (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2020-12-17 | 박삼식 | Environmentally-friendly river barrage |
| CN110552326A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-12-10 | 黄芳 | Pneumatic steel dam fills exhaust pipe connection structure |
| JP2021080746A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-27 | 一般財団法人ダム技術センター | Dam spillway |
| JP7382596B2 (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2023-11-17 | 一般財団法人ダム技術センター | dam spillway system |
| CN111188321A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-22 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Water inlet quick gate vent structure |
| CN112267419A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-26 | 周希圣 | Automatic dredging, intercepting, sewage discharging and water transporting port on coastal region |
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