JP2013114923A - Straight-tube type led lighting device - Google Patents

Straight-tube type led lighting device Download PDF

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JP2013114923A
JP2013114923A JP2011260519A JP2011260519A JP2013114923A JP 2013114923 A JP2013114923 A JP 2013114923A JP 2011260519 A JP2011260519 A JP 2011260519A JP 2011260519 A JP2011260519 A JP 2011260519A JP 2013114923 A JP2013114923 A JP 2013114923A
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translucent cover
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JP5939774B2 (en
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Takashi Fukai
隆司 深井
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USEFUL PERSON KK
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable lighting with high luminous intensity, stable and long-period maintenance of light emission at high luminous intensity, and further, restraint of fluctuation of luminous intensity to a minimum.SOLUTION: A translucent cover is loaded at an opening part on one side in a diameter direction of a base body, and LEDs are mounted on a board inside the base body in high density. A power source circuit supplies each LED of an LED group with direct current power made of drive current within a given current range at drive voltage within a given voltage range so as to drive each LED of the LED group to emit light, and at the same time, supplies the direct current power to the LEDs of the LED group by setting and keeping the current range of the LED drive current at a value lower than the lower limit value of a practical current range intrinsic to the LEDs, so as to compensate thermal effect on the LEDs of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted in high density.

Description

本発明は、直管形のハウジング内に多数のチップLED(表面実装型発光ダイオード)を内装した直管形LED照明装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a straight tube LED lighting device in which a large number of chip LEDs (surface mounted light emitting diodes) are housed in a straight tube housing.

近年、省エネルギーや環境負荷低減等の要請に応えるべく、照明器具として、従来の白熱電球や蛍光灯に代えて、発光ダイオード(LED)を光源として利用したLED照明装置が提案されている。このLED照明装置は、長寿命、高信頼性、低消費電力、低発熱性、高速応答性、直流低電圧駆動等、従来の照明装置にない特徴を備えており、今後、ますます照明装置として普及することが予想される。また、LED照明装置としては、白熱電球と同様の外観を有する電球型LED照明装置のほか、蛍光灯と同様の外観を有する直管形LED照明装置が提案されている。ここで、直管形LED照明装置は、筺体(ハウジング)内部のベース板(基板)に多数のチップLEDを実装している。このような直管形LED照明装置に関する発明として、例えば、特許文献1及び特許文献2に記載の発明がある。   In recent years, LED lighting devices using light emitting diodes (LEDs) as light sources instead of conventional incandescent bulbs and fluorescent lamps have been proposed as lighting fixtures in order to meet demands for energy saving and environmental load reduction. This LED lighting device has features that are not found in conventional lighting devices, such as long life, high reliability, low power consumption, low heat generation, high-speed response, direct current low voltage drive, etc. It is expected to spread. Further, as the LED lighting device, in addition to a light bulb type LED lighting device having the same appearance as an incandescent bulb, a straight tube LED lighting device having the same appearance as a fluorescent lamp has been proposed. Here, the straight tube LED lighting device has a large number of chip LEDs mounted on a base plate (substrate) inside a housing (housing). As inventions related to such straight tube LED lighting devices, there are, for example, inventions described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.

特許文献1には、蛍光管に代替するLED照明管を実現するため、既存の蛍光灯器具に装着可能で、電源を変換するための変換回路をLED照明管に内蔵したLED照明管に関する発明が開示されている。この発明は、変換回路の小型化とともに発熱対策を課題とし、照明管の器具への装着方向によって極性が変わることにも対応し、LEDの損失分の発熱がLED及び他の電子部品の寿命に及ぼす影響にも対応することをも課題としている。この発明は、これらの課題を解決するために、器具の安定器よりの電流を、LED照明管内の電源部に設けた整流器によって整流し、LEDを直並列に配列したLEDブロックに導通し、整流器を2組並列に装着すると共に、照明管の装着の方向による極性変化に対応するリレーを装着し、LED照明管の管部の上部に通風用の穴と内部に通風用送風機を設ける構成を開示している。(以上、要約参照。)   Patent Document 1 discloses an invention related to an LED lighting tube that can be mounted on an existing fluorescent lamp fixture and that has a conversion circuit for converting a power supply built into the LED lighting tube in order to realize an LED lighting tube that replaces the fluorescent tube. It is disclosed. The present invention has a problem of heat generation countermeasures as well as downsizing of the conversion circuit, and also copes with the change in polarity depending on the direction in which the lighting tube is mounted on the fixture, and the heat generated by the loss of the LEDs contributes to the lifetime of the LED and other electronic components. It is also a problem to deal with the effects. In order to solve these problems, the present invention rectifies the current from the ballast of the fixture by the rectifier provided in the power supply unit in the LED lighting tube, and conducts the LED to the LED block arranged in series and parallel. A configuration in which two sets are mounted in parallel, a relay corresponding to the change in polarity depending on the direction of mounting of the lighting tube is mounted, and a ventilation hole is provided in the upper part of the tube portion of the LED lighting tube and a ventilation fan is provided inside. doing. (See above for a summary.)

また、特許文献2には、LED式照明装置において、LEDが温度上昇と共に発光特性が低下するため、その使用条件や適用される光源装置はおのずから制限されることに着目し、透光性のある管体と、該管体を装着する蛍光灯器具のソケットに接続可能な端子が設けられた口金を有し、管体の内部にはLED点灯回路を備える回路基板を設け、該回路基板の一方の面側にLED実装用基板を介して複数のLEDを実装し、回路基板の他面側には回路基板に蓄積された熱を除去する放熱板を取付け、口金には管体の内外に連通する通気孔を形成したLED照明装置が開示されている。この発明は、かかる構成により、LEDの温度上昇、蓄熱を抑制して輝度の低下を防止し、使用条件や光源装置に制約のないLED式照明装置を提供するとしている。   Further, in Patent Document 2, since the light emitting characteristics of the LED type illumination device decrease as the temperature rises, the use conditions and the light source device to which the LED is applied are naturally limited. A tube body and a base provided with a terminal connectable to a socket of a fluorescent lamp fixture to which the tube body is mounted, and a circuit board provided with an LED lighting circuit is provided inside the tube body, and one of the circuit boards A plurality of LEDs are mounted on the surface side of the circuit board via an LED mounting board, and a heat sink that removes heat accumulated in the circuit board is attached to the other side of the circuit board, and the base communicates with the inside and outside of the tube An LED lighting device having a vent hole is disclosed. With this configuration, the present invention provides an LED illumination device that suppresses the temperature rise and heat storage of the LED to prevent a decrease in luminance, and has no restrictions on the use conditions and the light source device.

特開2007−257928号公報JP 2007-257828 A 特開2010−44920号公報JP 2010-44920 A

ここで、特許文献1及び特許文献2に記載のように、LEDを光源とするLED照明装置の場合、LEDの周囲温度の変化に伴うLEDの特性の変動、例えば、LEDの周囲温度(雰囲気温度)の変化に起因するLED等の電子部品の品質劣化やLEDの発光特性の変動について対処できる構成を設けることが望ましい。かかるLEDの周囲温度の変化に伴うLEDの特性の変動に対処するため、特許文献1は、LED照明管の管部の上部に通風用の穴と内部に通風用送風機を設ける構成を採用し、特許文献2は、回路基板の他面側に回路基板に蓄積された熱を除去する放熱板を取付け、口金には管体の内外に連通する通気孔を形成する構成を採用している。しかし、これらの場合、LEDの周囲温度の変化に伴うLEDの特性の変動に対処するため、LED照明管の管部や内部、或いは、LED式照明装置の回路基板や口金等に、機械的構成または機構的構成としての特殊な放熱構造を設ける必要があり、管部や回路基板や口金として一般的な構造のものを使用することができずに、製造コストが上昇する可能性がある。   Here, as described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, in the case of an LED lighting device using an LED as a light source, fluctuations in the characteristics of the LED accompanying changes in the ambient temperature of the LED, for example, the ambient temperature of the LED (atmosphere temperature) It is desirable to provide a configuration that can cope with the deterioration of the quality of electronic components such as LEDs and the variation in the light emission characteristics of the LEDs caused by the change in In order to cope with fluctuations in the characteristics of the LED due to changes in the ambient temperature of the LED, Patent Document 1 adopts a configuration in which a ventilation hole is provided in the upper part of the tube portion of the LED lighting tube and a ventilation fan is provided inside. Patent Document 2 adopts a configuration in which a heat radiating plate for removing heat accumulated in the circuit board is attached to the other surface side of the circuit board, and a vent hole communicating with the inside and outside of the tube is formed in the base. However, in these cases, in order to cope with fluctuations in the LED characteristics accompanying changes in the ambient temperature of the LED, the mechanical structure is formed in the tube part or the inside of the LED lighting tube or the circuit board or the base of the LED lighting device. Alternatively, it is necessary to provide a special heat dissipation structure as a mechanical configuration, and it is not possible to use a general structure as a pipe part, a circuit board, or a base, and there is a possibility that the manufacturing cost increases.

そこで、本発明は、従来の直管形蛍光灯用の照明器具本体(口金ソケットを備えた受側の部材)に装着することができる直管形LED照明装置であって、特殊な機械的構成または機構的構成を必要とすることなく、LEDの周囲温度等の変化に伴うLEDの特性の変動に対処することができると共に、高い光度での照明を可能とし、かつ、当該光度での発光を安定して長期間維持することができ、更に、当該光度のばらつきを最低限に抑制することができる直管形LED照明装置の提供を課題とする。   Therefore, the present invention is a straight tube type LED lighting device that can be mounted on a conventional lighting fixture body for a straight tube type fluorescent lamp (a receiving member having a base socket), and has a special mechanical configuration. Or, it is possible to deal with fluctuations in the characteristics of the LED due to changes in the ambient temperature of the LED, etc., without requiring a mechanical configuration, enabling illumination at a high luminous intensity, and emitting light at the luminous intensity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a straight tube LED lighting device that can be stably maintained for a long period of time and further can suppress the variation in luminous intensity to a minimum.

請求項1に係る直管形LED照明装置は、直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、前記回路基板の表面(前記開放部側)に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備える。前記LED群は、所定の同一数の複数のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを所定の複数ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、かつ、前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものである。前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給する。   The straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 1 has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape having a predetermined length and extending in the axial direction by opening one side in the diametric direction, and a predetermined open portion on the one side in the diametric direction. A base body having an open area having an opening area; a translucent cover that is mounted on one side in the diameter direction of the base body so as to cover the entire open portion of the base body; A circuit board extending over the entire length of the open part, an LED group composed of a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board (on the open part side), and a power supply circuit that drives the LEDs of the LED group to emit light. The LED group includes a predetermined number of LEDs connected in series to form a single LED unit, and the LED units are connected in parallel to each other by a predetermined number of units. It is mounted on a circuit board with high density. The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. Setting and maintaining a low value, the DC power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group.

なお、前記LEDの「高密度実装」の定義は、後述する実施の形態の詳細な説明から明らかであるが、具体的には、従来の直管形LED照明装置における平均的なLED実装密度の約1.5倍の実装密度であり、より具体的には、基体の開放部の開口面積の1平方センチメートル当たり0.8〜1.2個の範囲の実装密度、好ましくは、0.9〜1.1個の範囲の実装密度である。即ち、かかる実装密度は、LEDを実装する基板における基体の開口部の開口に対向する部分(露出部分)の面積(以下、「開口面積」という。)の1平方センチメートル当たり、開口面積1平方センチメートル当たり約1±0.2個の実装密度とすることが好ましく、開口面積1平方センチメートル当たり約1±0.1個の実装密度とすることがより好ましく、開口面積1平方センチメートル当たり約1個の実装密度とすることがより一層好ましい。   The definition of “high density mounting” of the LED is clear from the detailed description of the embodiments described later. Specifically, the average LED mounting density in the conventional straight tube LED lighting device is The mounting density is about 1.5 times, and more specifically, a mounting density in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 per square centimeter of the opening area of the open portion of the substrate, preferably 0.9 to 1 .Packing density in the range of one piece. That is, the mounting density is about 1 square centimeter per square centimeter of the area (hereinafter referred to as “opening area”) of the portion (exposed portion) facing the opening of the opening of the base on the substrate on which the LED is mounted. The mounting density is preferably 1 ± 0.2, more preferably about 1 ± 0.1 per square centimeter of opening area, and about 1 mounting density per square centimeter of opening area. It is even more preferable.

請求項2に係る直管形LED照明装置は、直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、前記回路基板の表面に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備える。前記LED群は、所定の同一数の複数のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを所定の複数ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、かつ、前記基体の開放部の開口面積の1平方センチメートル当たり0.8〜1.2個の範囲の実装密度となるよう前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものである。前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給する。   The straight tube type LED lighting device according to claim 2 has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape having a predetermined length and extending in the axial direction by opening one side in the diametrical direction, and a predetermined open portion on the one side in the diametrical direction. A base body having an open area having an opening area; a translucent cover that is mounted on one side in the diameter direction of the base body so as to cover the entire open portion of the base body; A circuit board extending over the entire length of the open portion, an LED group composed of a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board, and a power supply circuit that drives the LEDs of the LED group to emit light. The LED group includes a predetermined number of LEDs connected in series to form a single LED unit, and the LED units are connected in parallel to each other by a predetermined number of units, and the base is opened. The LED is mounted on the circuit board at a high density so that the mounting density is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 per square centimeter of the opening area of the part. The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. Setting and maintaining a low value, the DC power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group.

請求項3に係る直管形LED照明装置は、管長1200mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置であって、直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、前記回路基板の表面に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備える。前記LED群は、12個のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを22ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものである。前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給する。   The straight tube type LED lighting device according to claim 3 is a straight tube type LED lighting device having a tube length of 1200 mm, and has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction with a predetermined length by opening one side in the diameter direction. A base having an open part on one side in the diametrical direction as an open part having a predetermined opening area, and a translucent cover mounted on one side in the diametrical direction of the base so as to cover the entire open part of the base A circuit board mounted inside the open part of the base body and extending over the entire length of the open part, a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board, and driving the LEDs of the LED group to emit light Power supply circuit. The LED group is composed of 12 LEDs connected in series to form one LED unit, and only 22 units of the LED units are connected in parallel to each other, and the LEDs are mounted on the circuit board at a high density. Is. The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. Setting and maintaining a low value, the DC power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group.

請求項4に係る直管形LED照明装置は、管長600mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置であって、直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、前記回路基板の表面に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備える。前記LED群は、12個のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを10ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものである。前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給する。   The straight tube type LED lighting device according to claim 4 is a straight tube type LED lighting device of a tube length 600 mm type, and has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction with a predetermined length by opening one side in the diameter direction. A base having an open part on one side in the diametrical direction as an open part having a predetermined opening area, and a translucent cover mounted on one side in the diametrical direction of the base so as to cover the entire open part of the base A circuit board mounted inside the open part of the base body and extending over the entire length of the open part, a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board, and driving the LEDs of the LED group to emit light Power supply circuit. The LED group is composed of 12 LEDs connected in series to form one LED unit, and only 10 units of the LED units are connected in parallel to each other, and the LEDs are mounted on the circuit board at a high density. Is. The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. Setting and maintaining a low value, the DC power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group.

請求項5に係る直管形LED照明装置は、管長2400mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置であって、直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、前記回路基板の表面に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備える。前記LED群は、14個のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを56ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものである。前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給する。   The straight tube LED illuminating device according to claim 5 is a straight tube LED illuminating device having a tube length of 2400 mm, and has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction by opening one side in the diameter direction. A base having an open part on one side in the diametrical direction as an open part having a predetermined opening area, and a translucent cover mounted on one side in the diametrical direction of the base so as to cover the entire open part of the base A circuit board mounted inside the open part of the base body and extending over the entire length of the open part, a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board, and driving the LEDs of the LED group to emit light Power supply circuit. The LED group is composed of 14 LEDs connected in series to form one LED unit, and only 56 units of the LED units are connected in parallel to each other, and the LEDs are mounted on the circuit board at a high density. Is. The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. Setting and maintaining a low value, the DC power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group.

請求項6に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項1乃至5のいずれかの構成において、前記LEDは、順方向電圧範囲が2.8V〜3.5V(I=20mA)の範囲で、前記実用的電流範囲が20mA〜30mAの範囲である表面実装型LEDからなる。また、前記電源回路は、前記駆動電圧の電圧範囲が40V〜48Vの範囲となるよう、かつ、前記駆動電流の電流範囲が前記LEDの実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値となるように、前記駆動電力を前記LED群の各LEDユニットに供給する。 A straight tube type LED lighting device according to a sixth aspect is the configuration according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the LED has a forward voltage range of 2.8 V to 3.5 V (I F = 20 mA). The surface mount type LED has a practical current range of 20 mA to 30 mA. In the power supply circuit, the voltage range of the drive voltage is in a range of 40V to 48V, and the current range of the drive current is lower than the lower limit value of the practical current range of the LED. The driving power is supplied to each LED unit of the LED group.

請求項7に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項1乃至6いずれかの構成において、前記透光カバーは、前記基体の開口部に対応する長尺の半円筒状をなす透光材料からなり、その外面を単純な断面半円状の平滑面とする一方で、その内面を凸部及び凹部からなる凹凸面としている。また、前記透光カバーの内面の凸部の表面形状は、所定湾曲率で所定角度だけ延びる円弧状とされ、同一形状の所定の複数の凸部が、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向に沿って一定間隔で並列配置されて、隣接する前記凸部間に、それぞれ、対応する略V字形状の前記凹部が形成されたものである。   According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of any one of the first to sixth aspects, the translucent cover is made of a translucent material having a long semicylindrical shape corresponding to the opening of the base. Thus, the outer surface is a smooth surface with a simple semicircular cross section, while the inner surface is an uneven surface composed of convex portions and concave portions. The surface shape of the convex portion on the inner surface of the translucent cover is an arc shape extending at a predetermined angle with a predetermined curvature, and a plurality of predetermined convex portions having the same shape are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover. Are arranged in parallel at regular intervals, and the corresponding substantially V-shaped concave portions are formed between the adjacent convex portions, respectively.

請求項8に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項7の構成において、前記LED群の各LEDは、発光強度半値幅が約120度の指向特性を有するものである。また、前記LED群のLEDは、前記回路基板の幅方向中央に一列で配置されている。更に、前記一列で配置されたLEDの各々の発光面から放射される光における前記指向特性の左右両側の60度の位置が、それぞれ、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向両端側の凸部に対応して位置するよう、前記LEDの発光面の前記回路基板からの高さ位置と、前記透光カバーにおける周方向両端側の凸部の前記回路基板からの高さ位置とが設定されている。なお、透光カバーにおける「周方向両端側の凸部」とは、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向両端の凸部、または、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向両端の凸部より一つだけ内側の凸部を意味する。   According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the seventh aspect, each LED in the LED group has a directivity characteristic with an emission intensity half-value width of about 120 degrees. The LEDs of the LED group are arranged in a line at the center in the width direction of the circuit board. Furthermore, the positions of 60 degrees on both the left and right sides of the directivity in the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces of the LEDs arranged in a row are respectively on the convex portions on both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover. The height position from the circuit board of the light emitting surface of the LED and the height position from the circuit board of the convex portions on both ends in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover are set so as to correspond to each other. . The “convex portions at both ends in the circumferential direction” in the translucent cover is one of the convex portions at both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover or the convex portions at both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover. Only means the inner convex part.

請求項9に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項7の構成において、前記LED群の各LEDは、発光強度半値幅が約120度の指向特性を有するものであり、前記LED群のLEDは、前記回路基板の幅方向に二列となるよう、かつ、各列が平行となるよう配置されている。また、前記二列で配置されたLEDにおいて、幅方向一側の列のLEDの発光面から放射される光における前記指向特性の一方側の60度の位置が、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向一端側の凸部に対応して位置するよう、当該幅方向一側の列のLEDの発光面の高さ位置と、前記透光カバーにおける周方向の一端側の凸部の高さ位置とが設定されると共に、幅方向他側の列のLEDの発光面から放射される光における前記指向特性の他方側の60度の位置が、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向他側の凸部に対応して位置するよう、当該幅方向他側の列のLEDの発光面の高さ位置と、前記透光カバーにおける周方向の他端側の凸部の高さ位置とが設定されている。   A straight tube type LED lighting device according to claim 9 is the configuration of claim 7, wherein each LED of the LED group has a directivity characteristic with an emission intensity half-width of about 120 degrees, and the LED of the LED group Are arranged so that there are two rows in the width direction of the circuit board and each row is parallel. Further, in the LEDs arranged in the two rows, the position of 60 degrees on one side of the directivity in the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces of the LEDs on one side in the width direction is the circumference of the inner surface of the translucent cover. The height position of the light emitting surface of the LED in the row on the one side in the width direction, and the height position of the convex portion on the one end side in the circumferential direction in the translucent cover so as to correspond to the convex portion on the one end side in the direction Is set, and the position of 60 degrees on the other side of the directivity in the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces of the LEDs on the other side in the width direction is the convex portion on the other side in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover. The height position of the light emitting surface of the LED on the other side in the width direction and the height position of the convex portion on the other end side in the circumferential direction of the light transmitting cover are set so as to correspond to .

請求項10に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項1乃至6いずれかの構成において、前記LED群の各LEDは、発光強度半値幅が約120度の指向特性を有するものである。また、前記LEDの発光表面の高さ位置は、前記回路基板の表面に実装される他の電子部品よりも高い位置であって、かつ、前記基体の開口部の開口端よりも低い位置に設定されている。更に、前記LEDの発光表面高さ位置は、前記LEDの指向特性において、当該LEDが発光して光線を放射したときに、前記指向特性の左右両側の60度の位置が、それぞれ、前記基体の開口部の開口端の位置と同等の位置にくるように設定されている。そして、前記透光カバーは、周方向に凸部及び凹部を連続的に形成した断面形状であり、かつ、当該凸部及び凹部が、それぞれ、前記透光カバーの長さ方向に連続する凸形状及び凹形状であり、前記凸部及び凹部の数は、それぞれ、前記LEDの指向特性の左右両側の60度の位置が、それぞれ、最も外側の凸部または凹部に重なるよう、前記凸部及び凹部の位置が設定されている。   A straight tube type LED lighting device according to a tenth aspect is the configuration according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein each LED of the LED group has a directivity characteristic with a light emission intensity half width of about 120 degrees. Further, the height position of the light emitting surface of the LED is set to be higher than other electronic components mounted on the surface of the circuit board and lower than the opening end of the opening of the base. Has been. Further, the light emitting surface height position of the LED is the directivity characteristic of the LED, when the LED emits light and radiates light, the positions of 60 degrees on the left and right sides of the directivity characteristic are respectively It is set to be at a position equivalent to the position of the opening end of the opening. And the said translucent cover is the cross-sectional shape which formed the convex part and the recessed part continuously in the circumferential direction, and the said convex part and recessed part are the convex shapes which continue in the length direction of the said translucent cover, respectively. And the number of the convex portions and the concave portions is such that the positions of 60 degrees on the right and left sides of the directivity of the LED overlap the outermost convex portions or the concave portions, respectively. The position of is set.

請求項1に係る直管形LED照明装置は、従来の直管形蛍光灯用の照明器具本体(口金ソケットを備えた受側の部材)に装着することができる直管形LED照明装置に具体化することができ、特殊な機械的構成または機構的構成を必要とすることなく、LEDの周囲温度等の変化に伴うLEDの特性の変動に対処することができると共に、高い光度での照明を可能とし、かつ、当該光度での発光を安定して長期間維持することができ、更に、当該光度のばらつきを最低限に抑制することができる。   The straight tube LED illuminating device according to claim 1 is a specific example of a straight tube LED illuminating device that can be mounted on a conventional luminaire body for a straight tube fluorescent lamp (a receiving member having a base socket). It is possible to cope with fluctuations in the characteristics of the LED due to changes in the ambient temperature of the LED, etc., without requiring a special mechanical configuration or mechanical configuration, and at the same time, the illumination at high luminous intensity In addition, the light emission at the light intensity can be stably maintained for a long time, and the light intensity variation can be suppressed to the minimum.

請求項2に係る直管形LED照明装置は、LEDの実装密度を、基体の開放部の開口面積の1平方センチメートル当たり0.8〜1.2個の範囲の高実装密度とする一方で、この高密度実装による熱的影響を補償すべく、電源回路の駆動電流をLEDの実用的電流範囲の下限値より低い範囲に制御することで、高い光度での照明を可能とし、かつ、当該光度での発光を安定して長期間維持することができ、更に、当該光度のばらつきを最低限に抑制することができる。   In the straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 2, the LED mounting density is set to a high mounting density in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 per square centimeter of the opening area of the open portion of the base body. In order to compensate for the thermal effects due to high-density mounting, the drive current of the power supply circuit is controlled to a range lower than the lower limit value of the practical current range of the LED, thereby enabling illumination at high luminosity and at that luminosity. Can be stably maintained for a long period of time, and the variation in the luminous intensity can be suppressed to a minimum.

請求項3に係る直管形LED照明装置は、1200mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置において、LED群のLEDを12直列22並列で接続した(合計264個の)高密度実装とする一方で、この高密度実装による熱的影響を補償すべく、電源回路の駆動電流をLEDの実用的電流範囲の下限値より低い範囲に制御することで、高い光度での照明を可能とし、かつ、当該光度での発光を安定して長期間維持することができ、更に、当該光度のばらつきを最低限に抑制することができる。   While the straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 3 is a 1200 mm type straight tube LED lighting device, the LEDs in the LED group are connected in 12 series and 22 parallel in high density mounting (total of 264), In order to compensate for the thermal effect due to this high-density mounting, the driving current of the power supply circuit is controlled to a range lower than the lower limit value of the practical current range of the LED, thereby enabling illumination at a high luminous intensity and the luminous intensity. Can be stably maintained for a long period of time, and variations in the luminous intensity can be minimized.

請求項4に係る直管形LED照明装置は、600mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置において、LED群のLEDを12直列10並列で接続した(合計120個の)高密度実装とする一方で、この高密度実装による熱的影響を補償すべく、電源回路の駆動電流をLEDの実用的電流範囲の下限値より低い範囲に制御することで、高い光度での照明を可能とし、かつ、当該光度での発光を安定して長期間維持することができ、更に、当該光度のばらつきを最低限に抑制することができる。   While the straight tube type LED lighting device according to claim 4 is a 600 mm type straight tube type LED lighting device, the LEDs in the LED group are connected in 12 series and 10 parallel in high density (total of 120 pieces), In order to compensate for the thermal effect due to this high-density mounting, the driving current of the power supply circuit is controlled to a range lower than the lower limit value of the practical current range of the LED, thereby enabling illumination at a high luminous intensity and the luminous intensity. Can be stably maintained for a long period of time, and variations in the luminous intensity can be minimized.

請求項5に係る直管形LED照明装置は、2400mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置において、LED群のLEDを14直列56並列で接続した(合計784個の)高密度実装とする一方で、この高密度実装による熱的影響を補償すべく、電源回路の駆動電流をLEDの実用的電流範囲の下限値より低い範囲に制御することで、高い光度での照明を可能とし、かつ、当該光度での発光を安定して長期間維持することができ、更に、当該光度のばらつきを最低限に抑制することができる。   While the straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 5 is a 2400 mm type straight tube LED lighting device, the LEDs in the LED group are connected in 14 series and 56 parallel in high-density mounting (total of 784 pieces), In order to compensate for the thermal effect due to this high-density mounting, the driving current of the power supply circuit is controlled to a range lower than the lower limit value of the practical current range of the LED, thereby enabling illumination at a high luminous intensity and the luminous intensity. Can be stably maintained for a long period of time, and variations in the luminous intensity can be minimized.

請求項6に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項1乃至5のいずれかの効果に加え、上記のように高密度実装されたLEDとしての表面実装型LEDに、所定の直列接続数で駆動電圧(40〜48V)を除算した値の電圧が印加され、かつ、当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲(20〜30mA)の下限値(20mA)より低い範囲に制御された電流が流れることで、高い光度での照明を可能とし、かつ、当該光度での発光を安定して長期間維持することができ、更に、当該光度のばらつきを最低限に抑制することができる。   In addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 5, the straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 6 has a predetermined number of series connections to a surface-mounted LED as a high-density mounted LED as described above. A voltage of a value obtained by dividing the drive voltage (40 to 48 V) is applied, and a controlled current flows in a range lower than the lower limit (20 mA) of the practical current range (20 to 30 mA) inherent to the LED. Thus, it is possible to illuminate at a high luminous intensity, stably emit light at the luminous intensity for a long period of time, and further suppress variations in the luminous intensity to a minimum.

請求項7に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項1乃至6のいずれかの効果に加え、透光カバーの凸部及び凹部によって、LEDからの発光を均一に拡散して外部に均等に放射し、発光の空間的なばらつきを効率的になくすことができる。   In addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 6, the straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 7 uniformly diffuses light emitted from the LEDs by the convex portions and concave portions of the light-transmitting cover, and evenly to the outside. Radiation and spatial variation in light emission can be effectively eliminated.

請求項8に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項7の効果に加え、一列で配置されたLEDからの発光の左右の境界位置(指向特性120度を二分した左右の60度の位置)が、透光カバーの両端側の凸部に放射されるため、透光カバーによる光拡散効率を飛躍的に向上することができ、全体の発光効率を飛躍的に高めることができる。   In addition to the effect of claim 7, the straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 8 has left and right boundary positions of light emitted from the LEDs arranged in a line (positions of 60 degrees on the left and right that divide the directivity 120 degrees into two). However, since it is radiated | emitted to the convex part of the both ends side of a translucent cover, the light-diffusion efficiency by a translucent cover can be improved dramatically, and the whole luminous efficiency can be improved greatly.

請求項9に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項7の効果に加え、二列で配置された各列のLEDからの発光の左右の境界位置(指向特性120度を二分した左右の60度の位置)が、透光カバーの両端側の凸部に放射されるため、透光カバーによる光拡散効率を飛躍的に向上することができ、全体の発光効率を飛躍的に高めることができる。   In addition to the effect of the seventh aspect, the straight tube LED lighting device according to the ninth aspect has the right and left boundary positions of light emitted from the LEDs in each row arranged in two rows (60 on the left and right halves the directivity 120 degrees). Degree position) is emitted to the convex portions on both ends of the translucent cover, so that the light diffusion efficiency by the translucent cover can be dramatically improved, and the overall luminous efficiency can be greatly enhanced. .

請求項10に係る直管形LED照明装置は、請求項1乃至6のいずれかの効果に加え、LEDからの発光の左右の境界位置(指向特性120度を二分した左右の60度の位置)が、透光カバーの最も外側の凸部または凹部に重なるように放射されるため、透光カバーによる光拡散効率を飛躍的に向上することができ、全体の発光効率を飛躍的に高めることができる。   In addition to the effect of any of claims 1 to 6, the straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 10 has a right and left boundary position of light emission from the LED (a position of 60 degrees on the left and right that divides the directivity of 120 degrees) However, since it is emitted so as to overlap with the outermost convex part or concave part of the translucent cover, the light diffusion efficiency by the translucent cover can be dramatically improved, and the overall luminous efficiency can be greatly enhanced. it can.

図1は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の透光カバーを取り外した状態を示す平面図であり、ケース内部の基板に実装したLEDユニットを(一点鎖線内に)拡大して示す。FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state in which a light-transmitting cover is removed from a straight tube LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and an LED unit mounted on a substrate inside a case is enlarged (within a one-dot chain line). And show. 図2は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の(透光カバーを取り付けた状態の)平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view of the straight tube type LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention (in a state where a light-transmitting cover is attached). 図3は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の拡大断面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the straight tube LED lighting device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 図4は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の透光カバーを内面側から見て示す(透光カバーについての)正面図である。FIG. 4 is a front view showing the translucent cover of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention when viewed from the inner surface side (about the translucent cover). 図5は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の透光カバーを外面側から見て示す(透光カバーについての)背面図である。FIG. 5 is a rear view (with respect to the translucent cover) showing the translucent cover of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from the outer surface side. 図6は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の透光カバーを外面の右側から見て示す(透光カバーについての)右側面図である。FIG. 6 is a right side view (with respect to the translucent cover) showing the translucent cover of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from the right side of the outer surface. 図7は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の透光カバーを外面の左側から見て示す(透光カバーについての)左側面図である。FIG. 7 is a left side view (with respect to the translucent cover) showing the translucent cover of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from the left side of the outer surface. 図8は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の透光カバーを示し、(a)透光カバーの拡大平面図、(b)は透光カバーの拡大底面図、(c)は透光カバーの(図4のA−A線で切断して示す)断面図である。FIG. 8 shows a transparent cover of the straight tube LED lighting device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, (a) an enlarged plan view of the transparent cover, (b) an enlarged bottom view of the transparent cover, (c) ) Is a cross-sectional view of the translucent cover (cut along line AA in FIG. 4). 図9は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の透光カバーの(中間部を省略して示す)拡大正面図である。FIG. 9 is an enlarged front view (shown with the intermediate portion omitted) of the light-transmitting cover of the straight tube LED lighting device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 図10は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の電気回路構成の第1の事例を概略的に示す回路図である。FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a first example of the electric circuit configuration of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 図11は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の電気回路構成の第2の事例を概略的に示す回路図である。FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a second example of the electric circuit configuration of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 図12は本発明の実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置の電気回路構成の第2の事例の安定化回路を詳細に示す回路図である。FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram illustrating in detail the stabilization circuit of the second example of the electric circuit configuration of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 図13は本発明の実施の形態2に係る直管形LED照明装置の透光カバーを取り外した状態を示す平面図であり、ケース内部の基板に実装したLEDユニットを(一点鎖線内に)拡大して示す。FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a state in which the translucent cover of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is removed, and an LED unit mounted on a substrate inside the case is enlarged (within a dashed line). And show. 図14は本発明の実施の形態2に係る直管形LED照明装置の拡大断面図である。FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a straight tube LED lighting device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 図15は本発明の各実施の形態に係る直管形LED照明装置で使用するLEDの放射パターン(指向特性)を示す特性図である。FIG. 15 is a characteristic diagram showing a radiation pattern (directional characteristic) of an LED used in the straight tube LED lighting device according to each embodiment of the present invention. 図16は本発明の各実施の形態に係る直管形LED照明装置で使用するLEDの順方向電圧(V)と順方向電流(I)との関係を示す特性図(I−V図)である。FIG. 16 is a characteristic diagram (I F −V) showing the relationship between the forward voltage (V F ) and the forward current (I F ) of the LED used in the straight tube LED lighting device according to each embodiment of the present invention. Fig. F ). 図17は本発明の各実施の形態に係る直管形LED照明装置で使用するLEDの順方向電流(I)と相対光度(I)との関係を示す特性図(I−I図)である。FIG. 17 is a characteristic diagram (I V −I F ) showing the relationship between the forward current (I F ) and relative luminous intensity (I V ) of the LED used in the straight tube LED lighting device according to each embodiment of the present invention. Figure). 図18は本発明の各実施の形態に係る直管形LED照明装置で使用するLEDの周囲温度(Ta)と許容順方向電流(I)との関係を示す特性図(I−Ta図)である。Figure 18 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the ambient temperature of the LED to be used in tube type LED lighting apparatus according to each embodiment (Ta) and the allowable forward current (I F) of the present invention (I F -Ta view ).

以下、本発明を実施するための形態(以下、実施の形態という)を説明する。なお、各実施の形態を通じ、同一の部材、要素または部分には同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略する。   Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described. Throughout each embodiment, the same members, elements, or parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

{実施の形態1}
[全体構成]
図1〜図3に示すように、実施の形態1に係る直管形LED照明装置は、全体として、直管形の蛍光灯と同様の外形及び外観を有し、基体10、透光カバー20、回路基板としての基板30、LED40、口金部50を備え、所定長の直管形状を有している。なお、本実施の形態を含め、本発明の直管形LED照明装置の長さ自体は、従来の直管形の照明装置と同様であり、例えば、600mm、900mm、1200mm、1800mm、2400mm等の長さとすることができる。また、本実施の形態を含め、本発明の直管形LED照明装置の管径自体は、従来の直管形の照明装置と同様である。
{Embodiment 1}
[overall structure]
As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the straight tube | pipe type LED lighting apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 has the external shape and external appearance similar to a straight tube | pipe type fluorescent lamp as a whole, the base | substrate 10, the translucent cover 20 The circuit board includes a substrate 30, an LED 40, and a base 50, and has a straight tube shape with a predetermined length. In addition, the length itself of the straight tube type LED lighting device of the present invention including this embodiment is the same as that of the conventional straight tube type lighting device, for example, 600 mm, 900 mm, 1200 mm, 1800 mm, 2400 mm, etc. It can be a length. Moreover, the tube diameter itself of the straight tube type LED lighting device of the present invention including this embodiment is the same as that of the conventional straight tube type lighting device.

[基体]
基体10は、所定の材料(例えば、アルミニウム等の所定の金属材料)により所定長さの半円筒状となるよう一体形成されている。詳細には、基体10は、図3に示す断面形状を有し、基部11、嵌合部12及び接合部13からなる。基部11は、所定湾曲率で180度未満の所定角度だけ周方向に延びる断面円弧状の略半円筒状をなし、軸方向に所定長さで延びている。即ち、基部11の断面形状は、完全な半円筒状(所定直径の正円を2分割して得られる中心角180度のもの)ではなく、基部11の断面となる円弧形状は、所定直径(例えば、直径26mm)の正円について所定の中心角(例えば、160度)をとったときの円弧形状であり、当該円弧形状と同一の中心角及び湾曲率で周方向に延びる略半円筒状をなしている。嵌合部12は、基部11の周方向の両端にそれぞれ一体形成されて、左右で一対となる係止手段を構成している。各嵌合部12は、基部11から内方(具体的には、基部11の周方向の両端を結ぶ直線に沿った方向)に突出する断面コ字状の直線溝板状または直線レール状をなしている。また、嵌合部12は、断面コ字状の開口を外方に向かって配置し、当該開口が、基部11の周方向の両端を結ぶ直線に沿って外方に開放し、嵌合部12の直線溝部分が、基部11の長さ方向(軸方向)の全長に沿って直線的に延びている。接合部13は、左右一対の嵌合部12にそれぞれ一体形成され、左右で一対となる接合手段を構成している。各接合部13は、その基端(図3中の上端)が前記嵌合部12の内端(嵌合部12の基部11との接合位置と反対側の端)接合されて、当該嵌合部12の内端から基部11に向かう方向(図3中の下方)に直交して延びる小さい幅の平板状をなしている。接合部13は、基部11の長さ方向(軸方向)の全長に沿って直線的に延びている。
[Substrate]
The base 10 is integrally formed with a predetermined material (for example, a predetermined metal material such as aluminum) so as to be a semi-cylindrical shape having a predetermined length. Specifically, the base 10 has a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 3 and includes a base portion 11, a fitting portion 12, and a joint portion 13. The base 11 has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape with a circular arc shape extending in the circumferential direction by a predetermined angle of less than 180 degrees with a predetermined curvature, and extends in the axial direction by a predetermined length. That is, the cross-sectional shape of the base portion 11 is not a complete semi-cylindrical shape (having a central angle of 180 degrees obtained by dividing a perfect circle having a predetermined diameter into two), but the arc shape forming the cross-section of the base portion 11 has a predetermined diameter ( For example, it is an arc shape when a predetermined center angle (for example, 160 degrees) is taken with respect to a perfect circle having a diameter of 26 mm, and a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the circumferential direction with the same center angle and curvature as the arc shape. There is no. The fitting portions 12 are integrally formed at both ends of the base portion 11 in the circumferential direction, and constitute a pair of locking means on the left and right. Each fitting portion 12 is formed in a straight groove plate shape or a straight rail shape having a U-shaped cross section that protrudes inwardly from the base portion 11 (specifically, a direction along a straight line connecting both circumferential ends of the base portion 11). There is no. Further, the fitting portion 12 has an opening having a U-shaped cross section facing outward, and the opening opens outward along a straight line connecting both ends of the base portion 11 in the circumferential direction. The linear groove portion extends linearly along the entire length of the base portion 11 in the length direction (axial direction). The joining portion 13 is integrally formed with the pair of left and right fitting portions 12 to constitute a pair of joining means on the left and right. Each joint portion 13 has a base end (upper end in FIG. 3) joined to an inner end of the fitting portion 12 (an end opposite to the joining position of the fitting portion 12 with the base 11), and the fitting is performed. The plate 12 has a small width extending perpendicularly to the direction from the inner end of the portion 12 toward the base portion 11 (downward in FIG. 3). The joint 13 extends linearly along the entire length of the base 11 in the length direction (axial direction).

[口金部]
口金部50は、LED照明装置の長さ方向両端部に設けられ、左右一対の口金部50が、それぞれ、被覆部51と接続部52とを含む。被覆部51は、基体10の長さ方向の端部を覆うように外嵌して装着される。接続部52は、被覆部51よりも小径(例えば、基体10と同一直径)であり、LED照明装置の受け側の部材としての照明器具本体の口金ソケットに対向配置される部分である。口金52の端面からは、2本の端子53が突出し、端子53が、照明器具本体の口金ソケットに挿着されて、口金ソケット側の電源(商用交流電源)からの所定電圧(例えば、100〜240V)の交流電力を、被覆部51の内部に配設した(図示しない)給電線を介して基板30に供給し、後述する電源回路100により所定電圧で所定電流の直流電力に変換した後、当該直流電力を、基板30の配線パターン等を介して、基板30上のLED40に給電してLED40を点灯するようになっている。なお、前記基体10の全長は、LED照明装置の全長から、その長さ方向両端にある口金部50の接続部52部分の長さを除いた長さとなる。
[Base part]
The base part 50 is provided at both ends in the length direction of the LED lighting device, and the pair of left and right base parts 50 each include a covering part 51 and a connection part 52. The covering portion 51 is fitted and attached so as to cover the end portion of the base body 10 in the length direction. The connecting part 52 is a part having a smaller diameter than the covering part 51 (for example, the same diameter as that of the base body 10), and is opposed to a base socket of a lighting fixture body as a member on the receiving side of the LED lighting device. Two terminals 53 protrude from the end face of the base 52, and the terminal 53 is inserted into a base socket of the luminaire main body, and a predetermined voltage (for example, 100 to 100) from a power source (commercial AC power source) on the base socket side. 240V) AC power is supplied to the substrate 30 via a power supply line (not shown) disposed inside the covering portion 51 and converted into DC power of a predetermined current with a predetermined voltage by the power supply circuit 100 described later. The DC power is supplied to the LED 40 on the substrate 30 via the wiring pattern of the substrate 30 and the LED 40 is turned on. In addition, the full length of the said base | substrate 10 becomes the length remove | excluding the length of the connection part 52 part of the nozzle | cap | die part 50 in the length direction both ends from the full length of a LED lighting apparatus.

[基板]
基板30は、電子回路基板であり、コンデンサー(図示略)、抵抗器35、LED40等の電子部品を実装している。基板30は、所定幅(前記一対の接合部13間と同一寸法)で基体10の全長にわたって延びる平板状をなし、基板30の幅方向両端が前記左右一対の接合部13の先端間に一体的に(接着等により)接合して固定されている。なお、基板30を(図3中の)上方に開口する断面コ字状とする、即ち、前記左右一対の接合部13を幅方向両端に一体化した構成とし、その(接合部13に対応する部分となる)両端縁を前記左右一対の基部11に接着等によって接合固定してもよい。抵抗器35及びLED40以外の電子部品は、基板30の長さ方向両端部(基体10の長さ方向両端部に装着した口金部50の被覆部51により覆われる部位)や、その他の部位の表面側に配置される。また、基板30の裏面(図3中の下面)には、放熱手段としての放熱板31が接合され、基板30や電子部品から発生する熱を放熱するようになっている。なお、本実施の形態では、後述する電気回路構成(特に、LED40の直列・並列接続に関する構成)の改良により、発熱源としてのLED40からの放熱を非常に効率よく抑制することができるため、放熱板31を省略することもできる。また、LED40以外の電子部品については、その全部または一部を、基板30の表面側ではなく裏面側に配置することもできる。更に、LED40以外の電子部品は、抵抗器35も含め、LED40から放射される光束と干渉しない位置及び配置態様で基板30に配置される。例えば、電子部品を基板30の表面側に配置する場合、各電子部品の表面位置(図3中の上端位置)が、LED40の表面位置(発光面位置)よりも内方となるよう(即ち、LED40の表面位置よりも基部11の表面側に配置されて収まるよう)、電子部品を実装することが好ましい。電子部品を基板30の表面側に配置する場合、前記口金部50により覆われる部位以外の部位に配置する電子部品は、少なくとも、基体10の嵌合部12の突出範囲の内側(図3中における嵌合部12の上端より下方の範囲)に全体が収まるように配置される。なお、電子部品を基板30の裏面側に配置する場合は、かかる考慮は不要となる。
[substrate]
The board 30 is an electronic circuit board on which electronic components such as a capacitor (not shown), a resistor 35, and an LED 40 are mounted. The substrate 30 has a flat plate shape extending over the entire length of the base 10 with a predetermined width (the same dimension as that between the pair of joint portions 13), and both ends in the width direction of the substrate 30 are integrally formed between the tips of the pair of left and right joint portions 13. Are fixed by bonding (by bonding or the like). The substrate 30 has a U-shaped cross section that opens upward (in FIG. 3), that is, the pair of left and right joint portions 13 are integrated at both ends in the width direction, and corresponds to the joint portion 13. Both end edges may be bonded and fixed to the pair of left and right bases 11 by bonding or the like. The electronic components other than the resistor 35 and the LED 40 are both end portions in the length direction of the substrate 30 (portions covered by the covering portions 51 of the base portion 50 attached to both end portions in the length direction of the base body 10) and the surfaces of other portions. Placed on the side. Further, a heat radiating plate 31 as a heat radiating means is joined to the back surface (the lower surface in FIG. 3) of the substrate 30 so as to radiate heat generated from the substrate 30 and the electronic components. In the present embodiment, heat radiation from the LED 40 as a heat source can be suppressed very efficiently by improving an electric circuit configuration (particularly, a configuration related to series / parallel connection of the LEDs 40) described later. The plate 31 can also be omitted. Further, all or a part of the electronic components other than the LED 40 can be arranged on the back surface side instead of the front surface side of the substrate 30. Further, the electronic components other than the LED 40 are arranged on the substrate 30 in a position and arrangement manner that does not interfere with the light flux emitted from the LED 40, including the resistor 35. For example, when the electronic component is arranged on the surface side of the substrate 30, the surface position (upper end position in FIG. 3) of each electronic component is inward from the surface position (light emitting surface position) of the LED 40 (that is, It is preferable to mount the electronic component so that the LED 40 is disposed on the surface side of the base 11 with respect to the surface position of the LED 40. When the electronic component is disposed on the surface side of the substrate 30, the electronic component disposed in a portion other than the portion covered by the base portion 50 is at least inside the protruding range of the fitting portion 12 of the base body 10 (in FIG. 3). (The range below the upper end of the fitting portion 12) is disposed so as to be entirely accommodated. Note that this consideration is not necessary when the electronic component is disposed on the back side of the substrate 30.

[LED]
LED40は、SMD(Surface Mount Device)タイプのLED素子、即ち、表面実装型LED素子からなる。詳細には、LED40は、InGaNベースのSMDタイプの白色LEDパッケージからなり、図15〜図18に示す特性を備えている。かかるLEDとしては、AOT社(Advanced Optoelectoni Technology Inc.)社のモデル名「SMD LED」、型番「ATO−3020(照明用)」を使用することが好ましい。この白色LEDパッケージは、図示はしないが、耐高温プラスチック(ポリフタルアミド樹脂(PPA)等)からなるケースボディ及びケース電極としてのリードフレームからなるケースに対して、ケースボディの凹部底面に光源であるLEDチップ(InGaNベース)を実装してボンディングワイヤ(金ワイヤ)でリードフレーム(ニッケル銀メッキした銅合金)に接続し、ケースボディの凹部を光取出し媒体としての封止樹脂(屈折率約1.5等の高屈折率シリコン樹脂)で封止すると共に、当該封止樹脂に補色光源としての黄色蛍光体(YAG等)を分散した最小の電子部品単位である。白色LEDパッケージは、ケースボディの凹部底面に、LEDチップと併設してチェナダイオードを配設して前記封止樹脂により封止して内蔵すると共に、LEDチップと逆方向に(逆バイアスとなるよう)並列接続し、静電破壊対策、定電圧維持等の機能も有している。なお、この白色LEDパッケージは、ヒートシンクは備えておらず、ケースボディに接合部材で直接的にLEDチップ(及びチェナダイオード)を固定している。この白色LEDパッケージは、前記白色LEDチップによる電力−光変換(電力から青色光への変換)と、前記蛍光体による光−光変換(青色光から白色光への変換、即ち、蛍光体が青色光の一部を吸収してブロード(比較的広帯域の)黄色光に変換し、この黄色光を残りの青色光と混合することにより白色光を得ること)とにより白色発光を実現する。
[LED]
The LED 40 is formed of an SMD (Surface Mount Device) type LED element, that is, a surface-mount type LED element. Specifically, the LED 40 is composed of an InGaN-based SMD type white LED package and has the characteristics shown in FIGS. 15 to 18. As such an LED, it is preferable to use model name “SMD LED” and model number “ATO-3020 (for lighting)” manufactured by AOT (Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Inc.). Although not shown, this white LED package is provided with a light source on the bottom of the concave portion of the case body against a case body made of a high temperature resistant plastic (polyphthalamide resin (PPA) or the like) and a case made of a lead frame as a case electrode. An LED chip (InGaN base) is mounted and connected to a lead frame (nickel-silver-plated copper alloy) with a bonding wire (gold wire), and the concave portion of the case body is encapsulated as a light extraction medium (refractive index of about 1). .5 or the like, and a yellow phosphor (YAG or the like) as a complementary color light source is dispersed in the sealing resin. The white LED package is provided with a CHENER diode along with the LED chip on the bottom surface of the concave portion of the case body, and is sealed and embedded with the sealing resin, and in the opposite direction to the LED chip (to be reverse-biased). ) It is connected in parallel and has functions such as electrostatic breakdown countermeasures and constant voltage maintenance. The white LED package does not include a heat sink, and the LED chip (and the Zener diode) is directly fixed to the case body with a bonding member. This white LED package includes power-light conversion by the white LED chip (conversion from power to blue light) and light-light conversion by the phosphor (conversion from blue light to white light, that is, the phosphor is blue). A part of the light is absorbed and converted into broad (relatively broadband) yellow light, and white light is obtained by mixing this yellow light with the remaining blue light).

<LEDの高密度実装>
一方、本実施の形態では、LEDユニット40Uを所定のユニット数(1個のLED照明装置に実装するLEDの合計数を前記1ユニットのLED数で除算した数)だけ並列接続してLED群を構成している。即ち、上記白色LEDパッケージからなるLED40は、図1に示すように、所定個数のものが、基板30の表面側の幅方向中央位置に、基板30の長さ方向に沿って(基板30の幅方向中央に)一列となるように一定間隔で配置されている。具体的には、実施の形態1の直管形LED照明装置は、全長600mmのタイプを想定しており、LED40は、LED照明装置全体での最大発光効率を得るために、LED40の個数を全体で120個とし、かつ、当該120個のLED40を基板30の長さ方向に一列の直線状となるよう配置している。したがって、これら120個のLED40が、基板30におけるLED40の実装長さ範囲、即ち、基板30の両端側の前記口金部50により覆われる範囲以外の範囲(例えば、基板30の両端からそれぞれ約40mmの位置よりも内側の範囲)に一定間隔で一列に配置されている。これにより、LED40の配置間隔は、(例えば、実装長さ範囲が約480mmの場合)約4mm間隔となる。また、LED40の寸法は、長さ(L)×幅(W)×高さ(H)が、3.0mm×2.0mm×1.3mmであり、LED40は、その長さ方向が基板30の長さ方向と一致する方向(以下、「並設方向」という。)に並設して実装されるため、隣接するLED40間の間隙(以下、「配置間隙」という。)は、約0.5mmとなる。なお、この配置間隙は、LEDの実装態様に応じて適宜変更することができ、例えば、0.5mm〜1.5mmの範囲とすることができ、好ましくは、1.0mmとすることができる。このように、本実施の形態では、全長600mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置において、(当該600mmよりも短い、例えば、520mm程度の全長となる)基板30の長さ方向におけるLED40の実装範囲に、通常のLED照明装置が使用するLED数の3倍程度となる合計120個のLED40を一列となるよう直線的に密接配置して高密度で実装することにより、非常に高い光度(非常に多い単位面積当たり光束数)を実現している。即ち、LED40の並設方向における寸法(LED40の長さ)よりも小さい配置間隙で(例えば、LED40の並設方向寸法の1/6〜1/2の間隙で)120個のLED40を一列に直線的に配置することで、高密度実装を実現している。このように、本実施の形態では、前記LED群は、12個のLED40を直列接続して一つのLEDユニット40Uを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニット40Uを10ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、前記LED40を基板30に高密度で実装したものである。
<High-density mounting of LEDs>
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the LED units 40U are connected in parallel by a predetermined number of units (the number obtained by dividing the total number of LEDs mounted on one LED lighting device by the number of LEDs of the one unit) to form an LED group. It is composed. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a predetermined number of LEDs 40 composed of the above white LED package are arranged along the length direction of the substrate 30 at the center position in the width direction on the surface side of the substrate 30 (the width of the substrate 30). They are arranged at regular intervals in a row (in the center of the direction). Specifically, the straight tube LED lighting device according to the first embodiment is assumed to be of a type having a total length of 600 mm, and the LED 40 has a total number of LEDs 40 in order to obtain the maximum luminous efficiency of the entire LED lighting device. The 120 LEDs 40 are arranged in a straight line in the length direction of the substrate 30. Therefore, these 120 LEDs 40 are in a range other than the range in which the LED 40 is mounted on the substrate 30, that is, the range covered by the cap 50 on both ends of the substrate 30 (for example, approximately 40 mm from both ends of the substrate 30. Are arranged in a line at regular intervals in a range inside the position). Thereby, the arrangement interval of the LEDs 40 is about 4 mm (for example, when the mounting length range is about 480 mm). The LED 40 has a length (L) × width (W) × height (H) of 3.0 mm × 2.0 mm × 1.3 mm. The LED 40 has a length direction of the substrate 30. Since it is mounted side by side in a direction that coincides with the length direction (hereinafter referred to as “parallel arrangement direction”), the gap between adjacent LEDs 40 (hereinafter referred to as “arrangement gap”) is about 0.5 mm. It becomes. In addition, this arrangement | positioning space | interval can be suitably changed according to the mounting aspect of LED, for example, can be set as the range of 0.5 mm-1.5 mm, Preferably, it can be 1.0 mm. As described above, in the present embodiment, in the straight tube LED lighting device of the total length 600 mm type, the mounting range of the LED 40 in the length direction of the substrate 30 (which is shorter than the 600 mm, for example, the total length of about 520 mm). By arranging a total of 120 LEDs 40, which are about three times the number of LEDs used by a normal LED lighting device, in a straight line so as to form a line and mounting them at a high density, a very high luminous intensity (very high) Number of luminous flux per unit area). That is, 120 LEDs 40 are linearly arranged in a row with a disposition gap smaller than the dimension (the length of the LED 40) in the juxtaposition direction of the LEDs 40 (for example, with a gap of 1/6 to 1/2 of the dimension in the juxtaposition direction of the LEDs 40). High-density mounting is realized by arranging them in the same manner. As described above, in the present embodiment, the LED group is configured by connecting 12 LEDs 40 in series to form one LED unit 40U, and by connecting only 10 units of the LED units 40U in parallel with each other, The LEDs 40 are mounted on the substrate 30 at a high density.

<駆動電圧(12直列)>
ここで、LEDは、一般的な(非発光)ダイオードと同様に、ダイオード特性を有しており、順方向に電流を流すと順電圧が発生するが、この順電圧は発光素子の材質により異なる。そして、本実施の形態で使用するLED40の場合、図16に示す電流−電圧特性を有しており、また、順方向電圧(V)は、2.8V〜3.5Vの範囲(中央値3.15V)である。本実施の形態では、図1中の二点鎖線で示す円形内の拡大図及び図10または図12の電気回路図に示すように、12個のLED40を直列接続して一単位のLEDユニット40Uを構成している。これにより、各単位のLEDユニット40Uへの印加電圧は、理論的には、順方向電圧(V)である2.8V〜3.5Vの範囲(典型値3.15V)の12倍、即ち、33.6V〜42V(中央値の場合は37.8V)の範囲内とすることができ、本実施の形態においても、各LEDユニット40に対して、当該範囲内(以下、「基準範囲内」という。)の印加電圧(駆動電圧)を使用することもできる。一方、本実施の形態では、LED40やその他の電子部品の内部抵抗による(特に,LEDユニット40Uの末端側またはカソード側のLED40での)電圧降下を考慮して、電源回路100からの印加電圧を、前記基準範囲内の印加電圧よりも所定割合だけ高い値、例えば、(基準範囲よりも約15%高い値である)40V〜48Vの範囲(以下、「実際範囲」)に設定することもできる。こうすると、LEDユニット40Uの末端側またはカソード側のLED40で電圧降下を生じた場合でも、当該末端側またはカソード側のLED40に、安定して、その順方向電圧の下限値以上(及び順方向電圧の上限値以下)の範囲の電圧を印加することができる。或いは、上記電圧降下の影響の有無を考慮しなくてもよいように、LEDユニット40Uへの印加電圧を、上記基準範囲と実際範囲との重複範囲である40V〜42Vの範囲に設定することもできる。
<Drive voltage (12 series)>
Here, the LED has a diode characteristic similar to a general (non-light-emitting) diode, and a forward voltage is generated when a current flows in the forward direction. The forward voltage varies depending on the material of the light-emitting element. . When the LED40 used in this embodiment, the current shown in FIG. 16 - has a voltage characteristic, also, the forward voltage (V F) is in the range of 2.8V~3.5V (median 3.15V). In the present embodiment, as shown in an enlarged view in a circle indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1 and an electric circuit diagram of FIG. 10 or FIG. 12, twelve LEDs 40 are connected in series to form a unit of LED unit 40U. Is configured. Thereby, the applied voltage to the LED unit 40U of each unit is theoretically 12 times the range of 2.8V to 3.5V (typical value 3.15V) which is the forward voltage (V F ), that is, , 33.6V to 42V (37.8V in the case of the median value), and in this embodiment, each LED unit 40 is within the range (hereinafter referred to as “within the reference range”). The applied voltage (drive voltage) can also be used. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the voltage applied from the power supply circuit 100 is determined in consideration of a voltage drop due to the internal resistance of the LED 40 and other electronic components (in particular, the LED 40 on the terminal side or the cathode side of the LED unit 40U). Further, it can be set to a value higher than the applied voltage in the reference range by a predetermined ratio, for example, a range of 40V to 48V (hereinafter, about 15% higher than the reference range) (hereinafter, “actual range”). . In this way, even when a voltage drop occurs in the LED 40 on the terminal side or the cathode side of the LED unit 40U, the LED 40 on the terminal side or the cathode side is stably over the lower limit value of the forward voltage (and the forward voltage). A voltage in the range of not more than the upper limit value) can be applied. Alternatively, the voltage applied to the LED unit 40U may be set to a range of 40V to 42V, which is an overlapping range of the reference range and the actual range, so that it is not necessary to consider the influence of the voltage drop. it can.

<順方向電流(10並列)>
また、上記のように、1ユニットのLEDユニット40Uは12個のLED40からなるため、本実施の形態では、合計で、10ユニットのLEDユニット40Uが互いに並列となるよう接続されている(LED120個/12直列=10並列)。即ち、本実施の形態は、12個のLED40を一単位として直列接続し、一単位のLEDユニット40Uを構成すると共に、かかるLEDユニット40Uを、合計で10単位(10ユニット)並列接続している(以下、この接続方法を、単に、「12直列10並列接続」ということがある)。ここで、LEDには、順方向電圧に応じた順方向電流が流れるが、本実施の形態で使用するLED40の場合、図16に示す電流−電圧特性を有しているが、一般に、順方向電流は、1個当たりのLEDについてできるだけ高い光度を得ることができるよう、順方向電圧の範囲内でできるだけ高い値に設定されている。例えば、本実施の形態のLED40と同様の特性のLEDの場合、順方向電圧の中央値(3.15V)付近での順方向電流が20mAとなり、順方向電圧の最高値(3.5V)での順方向電流が約38mAとなるが、LEDへの負荷や周囲温度による熱的負荷の影響を考慮して、通常は、順方向電流の最大値は30mAに設定され、また、実用的な順方向電流は、例えば、20mA〜30mAの範囲(以下、「実用的電流範囲」という。)に設定される。しかし、本実施の形態では、LED40を上記のように高密度実装するため、特に周囲温度によるLED40への熱的負荷の影響、並びに、かかる熱的負荷によるLED40の発光特性の変動を確実に防止すべく、各LEDユニット40Uに供給する駆動電流としての順方向電流Iを、上記高密度実装によるLED40への熱的影響を防止することができる順方向電流の範囲内であって、上記12直列10並列接続によるLED40の光度を最大とすることができる順方向電流の範囲(以下、「高密度実装用電流範囲」という。)に設定している。なお、高密度実装によるLED40への熱的影響を防止することができる順方向電流の範囲(以下、「熱的影響防止電流範囲」という。)は、特に、本実施の形態のLED照明装置の使用環境温度(本実施の形態においては、例えば、−20℃〜40℃の範囲)のうちの上限値、及び、かかる使用環境温度の上限値におけるLED40の周囲温度等を主な要因として考慮して設定される。そして、LEDユニット40Uの順方向電流の値は、このように設定した熱的影響防止電流範囲内に設定され、好ましくは、当該熱的影響防止電流範囲の上限値近辺の値(かつ、上限値を超えない値)に設定される。
<Forward current (10 parallel)>
Further, as described above, since one unit of LED unit 40U includes 12 LEDs 40, in the present embodiment, a total of 10 units of LED units 40U are connected in parallel with each other (120 LEDs). / 12 series = 10 parallel). That is, in the present embodiment, twelve LEDs 40 are connected in series as one unit to constitute one unit of LED unit 40U, and a total of 10 units (10 units) of such LED units 40U are connected in parallel. (Hereinafter, this connection method may be simply referred to as “12 series 10 parallel connection”). Here, a forward current corresponding to the forward voltage flows through the LED, but the LED 40 used in the present embodiment has the current-voltage characteristics shown in FIG. The current is set as high as possible within the range of the forward voltage so that the highest possible luminous intensity can be obtained for each LED. For example, in the case of an LED having the same characteristics as the LED 40 of the present embodiment, the forward current near the median value of the forward voltage (3.15 V) is 20 mA, and the maximum value of the forward voltage (3.5 V) is reached. The forward current is about 38 mA. However, considering the influence of the load on the LED and the thermal load due to the ambient temperature, the maximum value of the forward current is usually set to 30 mA. The direction current is set, for example, in a range of 20 mA to 30 mA (hereinafter referred to as “practical current range”). However, in this embodiment, since the LEDs 40 are mounted at a high density as described above, the influence of the thermal load on the LED 40 due to the ambient temperature and the fluctuation of the light emission characteristics of the LED 40 due to the thermal load are surely prevented. Subeku, the forward current I F of the drive current supplied to each LED unit 40U, a range of forward current which can prevent thermal influence on the LED40 by the high-density mounting, the 12 A forward current range (hereinafter referred to as a “high-density mounting current range”) that can maximize the luminous intensity of the LEDs 40 in series 10 parallel connection is set. In addition, the range of the forward current that can prevent the thermal influence on the LED 40 due to the high-density mounting (hereinafter referred to as “thermal influence prevention current range”) is particularly the LED lighting device of the present embodiment. Considering the upper limit value of the use environment temperature (in this embodiment, for example, the range of −20 ° C. to 40 ° C.) and the ambient temperature of the LED 40 at the use environment temperature upper limit value as main factors. Is set. The value of the forward current of the LED unit 40U is set within the thermal influence prevention current range set as described above, and is preferably a value near the upper limit value (and the upper limit value) of the thermal influence prevention current range. Is set to a value not exceeding.

詳細には、前記高密度実装用電流範囲は、LED40に通常許容される順方向電流の範囲(以下、「許容順方向電流範囲」という。)よりも所定割合だけ低い範囲内の値となる。具体的には、かかるLED40の高密度実装用電流範囲は、好ましくは、その下限値を前記実用的電流範囲の下限値未満の値(例えば、実用的電流範囲の下限値の50%〜95%の範囲内の値、好ましくは、75%〜95%の範囲内の値)に設定し、その上限値も、好ましくは、実用的電流範囲の下限値近辺の値(例えば、実用的電流範囲の下限値の約95%以上100%以下の値)に設定する。例えば、高密度実装用電流範囲は、その下限値を前記実用的電流範囲の下限値の50%〜95%の範囲内の値、好ましくは、75%〜95%の範囲内の値に設定し、その上限値も、好ましくは、実用的電流範囲の下限値の約95%以上100%以下の値に設定する。より好ましくは、LED40の高密度実装用電流範囲は、その下限値及び上限値のいずれも、前記実用的電流範囲の下限値未満の値に設定する。即ち、LED40の高密度実装用電流範囲は、前記実用的電流範囲未満の所定範囲に設定することがより好ましい。例えば、LED40の高密度実装用電流範囲は、前記実用的電流範囲の下限値に対して50%〜95%の範囲、好ましくは、75%〜95%の範囲に設定することがより好ましい。   Specifically, the current range for high-density mounting is a value within a range that is lower by a predetermined percentage than the forward current range normally allowed for the LED 40 (hereinafter referred to as “allowable forward current range”). Specifically, the current range for high-density mounting of the LED 40 preferably has a lower limit value less than the lower limit value of the practical current range (for example, 50% to 95% of the lower limit value of the practical current range). Value, preferably within a range of 75% to 95%), and the upper limit value thereof is preferably a value near the lower limit value of the practical current range (for example, the practical current range). The lower limit value is set to about 95% to 100%). For example, in the current range for high-density mounting, the lower limit value is set to a value within the range of 50% to 95%, preferably within the range of 75% to 95% of the lower limit value of the practical current range. The upper limit value is preferably set to a value of about 95% to 100% of the lower limit value of the practical current range. More preferably, in the current range for high-density mounting of the LED 40, both the lower limit value and the upper limit value are set to a value less than the lower limit value of the practical current range. That is, it is more preferable that the current range for high-density mounting of the LED 40 is set to a predetermined range less than the practical current range. For example, the current range for high-density mounting of the LED 40 is set to a range of 50% to 95%, preferably 75% to 95% with respect to the lower limit value of the practical current range.

<12直列(10並列)の特有の効果>
ここで、一般に、LEDの電圧−電流特性には(同一メーカーで同一型番の製品を使用した場合でも)LEDごとにばらつきがあり、LEDを並列接続した場合、その順方向電圧は最も低いLEDの値になるが、このとき、電圧−電流特性の低いLEDには多くの電流が流れ、電圧−電流特性の高いLEDには少しの電流しか流れなくなることで、LEDの発光量(明るさ)に差異が生じる場合があり、その差が大きい場合には、LEDの破損に至る場合もある。したがって、一般に、LEDを並列接続する場合、電圧−電流特性の揃ったものを使用する必要がある。本実施の形態では、一単位のLEDユニット40Uを10列で並列接続するが、並列接続された各々のLEDユニット40Uは、12個のLED40を直列接続したものであるため、LEDユニット40U全体としては、12個のLED40が、各LED40に固有のばらつきを吸収し、10列のLEDユニット40U間での発光量のばらつきを非常に小さくすることができる。
<Special effects of 12 series (10 parallel)>
Here, in general, the voltage-current characteristics of an LED vary from LED to LED (even when products of the same manufacturer and the same model number are used), and when LEDs are connected in parallel, the forward voltage of the LED with the lowest voltage is the same. At this time, a large amount of current flows through the LED having a low voltage-current characteristic, and only a small amount of current flows through the LED having a high voltage-current characteristic, so that the light emission amount (brightness) of the LED is reduced. A difference may occur, and if the difference is large, the LED may be damaged. Therefore, in general, when LEDs are connected in parallel, it is necessary to use devices with uniform voltage-current characteristics. In the present embodiment, one unit of LED units 40U is connected in parallel in 10 rows, but each LED unit 40U connected in parallel is formed by connecting 12 LEDs 40 in series. The twelve LEDs 40 can absorb the variation unique to each LED 40, and the variation in the amount of light emission among the ten LED units 40U can be very small.

また、一般に、LEDの順方向電圧は、周囲温度に応じて変動し、順方向電圧の変動に応じてLEDを流れる順方向電流が変動して、LEDの光量が変動するが、本実施の形態では、LED40の順方向電圧の温度特性の影響で、周囲温度によりLED40に流れる電流がLED40ごとに変動したとしても、一単位のLEDユニット40Uは、12個のLED40を直列接続したものであるため、LEDユニット40Uが全体として、LED40ごとの順方向電圧の温度による電流値変動のばらつきを吸収する。したがって、LEDユニット40U全体としては、その電流値が大きく変動することはなく、LEDユニット40Uの発光量は殆ど変動することがない。   In general, the forward voltage of the LED fluctuates according to the ambient temperature, and the forward current flowing through the LED fluctuates according to the fluctuation of the forward voltage, and the amount of light of the LED fluctuates. Then, even if the current flowing through the LED 40 varies depending on the ambient temperature due to the temperature characteristics of the forward voltage of the LED 40, one unit of the LED unit 40U is composed of 12 LEDs 40 connected in series. The LED unit 40U as a whole absorbs the variation in current value variation due to the temperature of the forward voltage for each LED 40. Therefore, the current value of the LED unit 40U as a whole does not fluctuate greatly, and the light emission amount of the LED unit 40U hardly fluctuates.

<温度−電圧特性>
更に、一般に、LEDの順方向電圧には、半導体特有の負の温度特性があり、温度が高くなるつれ、順方向電圧は低くなる。また、LEDの信頼性は、使用温度により大きく影響され、使用温度が高くなると故障率は高くなる。よって、LED照明装置を構成する場合、いわゆるディレーティングカーブを使用してLEDに供給する順方向電流を設定する。このディレーティングカーブは、周囲温度(照明装置の周囲の温度ではなくLEDが配置される環境の温度)と、当該周囲温度に対する使用可能な電流値との関係を示すLEDの特性のことであり、周囲温度が高温になるにつれて使用可能な電流値が低くなる。したがって、LED照明装置を構成する場合、LEDの使用電流値(設計電流値)が、このディレーティングカーブの内側にくるようにし、一般には、最大の発光効率を得るよう、ディレーティングカーブの線上にくるようにする。また、ディレーティングカーブは、LEDパッケージの放熱性により変動し、LEDが実装される基板等の放熱性に左右されるため、LEDを実装する基板等の放熱特性ごとにディレーティングカーブを設定することもある。ここで、本実施の形態では、前記LED40についてのディレーティングカーブは、図18に示すようなものであり、例えば上記した使用温度範囲(−20℃〜40℃)の上限値(40℃)における順方向電流(使用温度範囲で設定可能な最高電流値)IMAXは、約28mAである。しかし、本実施の形態では、上記のような12直列10並列のLED接続形態を採用し、かつ、その順方向電流(駆動電流)を上記実用的電流範囲と比べて相対的に低い所定範囲内に設定しているため、使用環境によってLED40の周囲温度が40℃を超えて上昇した場合でも、LED40がその熱的要因の影響を受ける可能性は非常に小さく、LED40の光量を常に変動することのない一定値に維持することができる。
<Temperature-voltage characteristics>
Further, in general, the forward voltage of the LED has a negative temperature characteristic peculiar to semiconductors, and the forward voltage decreases as the temperature increases. Further, the reliability of the LED is greatly influenced by the use temperature, and the failure rate increases as the use temperature increases. Therefore, when configuring the LED lighting device, a forward current supplied to the LED is set using a so-called derating curve. This derating curve is a characteristic of the LED that indicates the relationship between the ambient temperature (the temperature of the environment in which the LED is arranged rather than the ambient temperature of the lighting device) and the usable current value with respect to the ambient temperature. The usable current value decreases as the ambient temperature increases. Therefore, when configuring an LED lighting device, the current value (design current value) of the LED should be within the derating curve, and generally, on the line of the derating curve so as to obtain the maximum luminous efficiency. Make it come. Also, since the derating curve varies depending on the heat dissipation of the LED package and depends on the heat dissipation of the substrate on which the LED is mounted, set the derating curve for each heat dissipation characteristic of the substrate on which the LED is mounted. There is also. Here, in the present embodiment, the derating curve for the LED 40 is as shown in FIG. 18, for example, at the upper limit (40 ° C.) of the above-described operating temperature range (−20 ° C. to 40 ° C.). The forward current (maximum current value that can be set in the operating temperature range) I MAX is about 28 mA. However, in the present embodiment, the 12 series 10 parallel LED connection form as described above is adopted, and the forward current (drive current) is within a predetermined range relatively lower than the practical current range. Therefore, even if the ambient temperature of the LED 40 rises above 40 ° C depending on the usage environment, the possibility that the LED 40 will be affected by the thermal factors is very small, and the amount of light of the LED 40 always varies. Can be maintained at a constant value.

このように、本実施の形態のLED照明装置は、特定の仕様のLED40を、上記のように12直列10並列接続となるように接続することで、LED照明装置の使用環境における温度変化や、LED照明装置の電子部品やLED40自体からの発熱による温度変化等の外的な熱的要因が、LED40に及ぼす影響を最大限抑制して、LED40による発光効率を常に一定に維持することができ、LED照明装置全体としての光量変動を確実に防止することができる。そして、本発明者らは、かかる熱的要因とLEDの接続構成との関係を鋭意研究した結果、600mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置においては、一つのLEDユニット40Uを12個のLED40を直列接続して構成する(12直列とする)ことにより、上記所定の印加電圧の範囲(例えば、40V〜48Vの範囲)において、LED40を最も効率よく発光させることができ、かつ、上記熱的要因による影響を最小化できるという知見を得て、この知見に基づいて、600mmタイプのLED照明装置において、LEDの接続形態を12直列10並列接続にするという構成を採用している。また、本実施の形態では、LED40を上記のように高密度実装しているため、LEDの発光に伴う熱的要因の影響が大きくなるが、上記のとおり、600mmタイプのLED照明装置において、LEDの接続形態を12直列10並列接続にするという構成によって、(LED40の個々における光量は減少するとしても)LED全体としての発光量を(上記高密度実装によって)補った上に更に増大しており、LED照明装置全体として、非常に大きな光量での照明を行うことができる。   As described above, the LED lighting device according to the present embodiment connects the LED 40 having a specific specification so as to be connected in 12 series and 10 in parallel as described above, so that the temperature change in the usage environment of the LED lighting device, The external thermal factors such as temperature changes due to heat generation from the electronic components of the LED lighting device and the LED 40 itself can suppress the influence on the LED 40 as much as possible, and the light emission efficiency by the LED 40 can always be kept constant, It is possible to reliably prevent fluctuations in the amount of light as the entire LED lighting device. As a result of intensive studies on the relationship between the thermal factors and the connection configuration of the LEDs, the present inventors have determined that one LED unit 40U is connected in series with 12 LEDs 40 in a 600 mm type straight tube LED lighting device. By connecting and configuring (12 series), the LED 40 can emit light most efficiently in the range of the predetermined applied voltage (for example, in the range of 40V to 48V), and depends on the thermal factor. Obtaining the knowledge that the influence can be minimized, and based on this knowledge, in the 600 mm type LED lighting device, a configuration is adopted in which the LED connection form is 12 series 10 parallel connection. In the present embodiment, since the LEDs 40 are mounted at a high density as described above, the influence of thermal factors associated with the light emission of the LEDs increases. As described above, in the LED lighting device of the 600 mm type, the LEDs The configuration in which the connection form is 12 series and 10 parallel connections further increases the amount of light emitted from the LED as a whole (even if the amount of light in each LED 40 is reduced). The LED lighting device as a whole can be illuminated with a very large amount of light.

[電気回路構成]
本実施の形態のLED照明装置は、図10に示すように、AC電源(典型的には、商用交流電源)ACに前記口金部50の端子53を介して接続される電源回路100を備えている。電源回路100は、AC/DC変換器110、安定化回路120、及び、必要に応じて設けられる調光回路130を備えている。調光回路130は、必要に応じて設けられるものであるため、図10中に仮想線(二点鎖線)で示している。AC/DC変換器100は、AC電力(典型的には、100Vまたは200Vの商用交流電力)を直流電力(DC電力)に変換して電力供給するものであり、内蔵した変圧器(降圧回路)、整流器(整流回路)、平滑化回路等によって、交流電力を直流電力に変換して次段の安定化回路120に供給する。なお、AC/DC変換器110は、典型的な日本の商用電源(100Vまたは200Vの交流電源)以外にも、海外の商用電源にも対応可能であり、100V〜240Vの電圧に対応可能である。安定化回路120は、AC/DC変換器110からの直流電力の電圧値または電流値(好ましくは、電流値)を所望の電圧値(上記電圧値)及び/または所望の電流値に維持して安定化するものである。安定化回路120は、定電圧回路または定電流回路により構成することができるが、好ましくは、定電流回路により構成する。安定化回路120については、後に詳述する。調光回路130は、(図示しない)調光制御部の操作及び制御を受けて、LED照明装置のLED40の調光制御を行うものであり、例えば、振幅制御回路またはパルス幅制御回路等により構成される。
[Electric circuit configuration]
As shown in FIG. 10, the LED lighting apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a power supply circuit 100 connected to an AC power source (typically, a commercial AC power source) AC via a terminal 53 of the base unit 50. Yes. The power supply circuit 100 includes an AC / DC converter 110, a stabilization circuit 120, and a dimming circuit 130 provided as necessary. Since the light control circuit 130 is provided as necessary, it is indicated by a virtual line (two-dot chain line) in FIG. The AC / DC converter 100 converts AC power (typically 100V or 200V commercial AC power) into DC power (DC power) and supplies power, and has a built-in transformer (step-down circuit). The AC power is converted into DC power by a rectifier (rectifier circuit), a smoothing circuit, etc., and supplied to the stabilization circuit 120 at the next stage. The AC / DC converter 110 can be used not only for a typical Japanese commercial power supply (100V or 200V AC power supply) but also for an overseas commercial power supply, and can handle a voltage of 100V to 240V. . The stabilization circuit 120 maintains the voltage value or current value (preferably the current value) of the DC power from the AC / DC converter 110 at a desired voltage value (the above voltage value) and / or a desired current value. It stabilizes. The stabilization circuit 120 can be configured by a constant voltage circuit or a constant current circuit, but is preferably configured by a constant current circuit. The stabilization circuit 120 will be described in detail later. The dimming circuit 130 performs dimming control of the LED 40 of the LED lighting device in response to the operation and control of a dimming control unit (not shown), and includes, for example, an amplitude control circuit or a pulse width control circuit. Is done.

<安定化回路>
前記安定化回路120は、上記のように、定電圧回路または定電流回路から構成することができる。図10は、安定化回路120を定電圧回路とした場合を示し、図11は、安定化回路120Aを定電流回路とした場合を示す。ここで、安定化回路120として定電圧回路を使用する場合、一般的な定電圧回路と同様、LEDユニット40Uに対して、前記印加電圧の電流を流すが、このとき、図10に示すように、各LEDユニット40Uのアノード側に直列接続した1個の(前記印加電圧値及び所望の電流値に応じて設定した所定の抵抗値の)電流制限抵抗35を介して、安定化回路120から所望の電流をLEDユニット40Uに流す構成となる。なお、定電圧回路の場合、LEDの順電圧と電源電圧との差が小さいほど、電源電圧が変動したときに電流値が大きく変化し、LEDの明るさが大きく変動するが、本実施の形態では、一単位のLEDユニット40Uは、12個のLED40を直列接続したものであり、各LEDユニット40Uへの印加電源電圧は、上記のように、36V〜42Vの範囲(典型値の場合は約40V)となり、LEDの順方向電圧である3.0V〜3.5V(典型値3.3V)より格段に大きい値であるため、電源電圧が多少変動しても、電流値が大きく変動することはなく、LED40やLEDユニット40Uの発光量は殆ど変動することがない。
<Stabilization circuit>
As described above, the stabilization circuit 120 can be constituted by a constant voltage circuit or a constant current circuit. FIG. 10 shows a case where the stabilization circuit 120 is a constant voltage circuit, and FIG. 11 shows a case where the stabilization circuit 120A is a constant current circuit. Here, when a constant voltage circuit is used as the stabilization circuit 120, the current of the applied voltage is supplied to the LED unit 40U as in a general constant voltage circuit. At this time, as shown in FIG. Desired from the stabilization circuit 120 via one current limiting resistor 35 (with a predetermined resistance value set according to the applied voltage value and the desired current value) connected in series to the anode side of each LED unit 40U Is configured to flow through the LED unit 40U. In the case of the constant voltage circuit, the smaller the difference between the forward voltage of the LED and the power supply voltage, the larger the current value when the power supply voltage fluctuates, and the brightness of the LED greatly fluctuates. Then, the LED unit 40U of one unit is obtained by connecting twelve LEDs 40 in series, and the power supply voltage applied to each LED unit 40U is in the range of 36V to 42V as described above (about about a typical value) 40V), which is much larger than the LED forward voltage of 3.0V to 3.5V (typical value 3.3V), so that even if the power supply voltage fluctuates slightly, the current value fluctuates greatly. No, the light emission amount of the LED 40 or the LED unit 40U hardly fluctuates.

<抵抗器>
また、各単位のLEDユニット40には、1個の抵抗器が直列接続されている。例えば、図1に示す例では、抵抗器35は、基板30の表面側において、上記一単位のLED群40Uに対応する位置の幅方向一側(図1では右側)に、それぞれ、1個ずつ配置されている。また、図10の例では、一単位のLEDユニット40Uの(最もアノード側のLED40の)アノード側に1個の抵抗器35を直列接続している。なお、抵抗器35は、一単位のLEDユニット40Uにそれぞれ1個を直列接続する限りにおいて、基板30の別の位置に配置することもでき、例えば、基板30の裏面側に配置することもできる。また、図10の例のように、安定化回路120を定電圧回路として構成した場合、一般的な定電圧回路と同様に、抵抗器35は、LED40を過大な電流から保護するための電流制限抵抗として機能する。
<Resistors>
In addition, one resistor is connected in series to the LED unit 40 of each unit. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 1, one resistor 35 is provided on each side of the position corresponding to the unit LED group 40U on the surface side of the substrate 30 (on the right side in FIG. 1). Has been placed. Further, in the example of FIG. 10, one resistor 35 is connected in series on the anode side (of the LED 40 on the most anode side) of one unit of the LED unit 40 </ b> U. In addition, as long as one resistor 35 is connected in series to one unit of LED unit 40U, the resistor 35 can also be disposed at another position of the substrate 30, for example, can be disposed on the back side of the substrate 30. . Further, when the stabilization circuit 120 is configured as a constant voltage circuit as in the example of FIG. 10, the resistor 35 has a current limit for protecting the LED 40 from an excessive current as in a general constant voltage circuit. Acts as a resistor.

一方、本実施の形態のLED照明装置は、図11の例のように、安定化回路120Aを定電流回路として構成し、各LEDユニット40Uの(最もカソード側のLED40の)カソード側に1個の抵抗器135を検出抵抗として直列接続すると共に、当該抵抗器135によってLEDユニット40Uを流れる電流を検出して、当該検出値を検出比較回路140により基準電流値と比較して、各LEDユニット40Uに常に一定の電流値を供給するように構成することが好ましい。詳細には、図12に示すように、この別例の場合、電源100Aは、AC/DC変換器110からの直流電力を安定化回路120Aに供給し、当該安定化回路120Aからの電流を各LEDユニット40Uに供給するが、このとき、抵抗器135が、対応するLEDユニット40Uの電流値を継続的に検出し、検出比較回路140にフィードバックして、当該検出比較回路140によるフィードバック制御により、安定化回路120Aのスイッチング制御回路121をスイッチング制御(オン/オフ制御、デューティ制御等)して、LEDユニット40Uに対して常に一定値の(例えば、上記した電流範囲の)電流を供給する。   On the other hand, in the LED lighting device of the present embodiment, as in the example of FIG. 11, the stabilization circuit 120A is configured as a constant current circuit, and one LED is provided on the cathode side of each LED unit 40U (the LED 40 on the most cathode side). The resistor 135 is connected in series as a detection resistor, the current flowing through the LED unit 40U is detected by the resistor 135, the detected value is compared with the reference current value by the detection comparison circuit 140, and each LED unit 40U is detected. It is preferable that a constant current value is always supplied. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, in the case of this another example, the power source 100A supplies the DC power from the AC / DC converter 110 to the stabilization circuit 120A, and the current from the stabilization circuit 120A is supplied to each of the stabilization circuits 120A. At this time, the resistor 135 continuously detects the current value of the corresponding LED unit 40U, feeds it back to the detection comparison circuit 140, and by feedback control by the detection comparison circuit 140, The switching control circuit 121 of the stabilization circuit 120A is subjected to switching control (on / off control, duty control, etc.) to always supply a constant current (for example, in the above current range) to the LED unit 40U.

[透光カバー]
透光カバー20は、図4〜図7に示すように、ポリカーボネート樹脂等の所定の(弾性を有する)材料により長尺の半円筒状となるよう一体形成されている。なお、透光カバー20の材料は、透光可能な限りにおいて、透明材料、半透明材料、有色透明材料とすることができ、また、材料中に光拡散材を混合することもできる。また、本発明の透光カバー20は、その外面及び内面の両者ともに、単純な(断面半円状の)平滑面とすることもできるが、図3及び図8に示す断面形状とすることが好ましい。詳細には、本実施の形態の透光カバー20は、図3及び図8に示すように、半円筒状の断面形状を有すると共に、その外面21を単純な(断面半円状の)平滑面とする一方で、その内面22は、凸部22a及び凹部22bからなる凹凸面としている。より詳細には、透光カバー20の内面22の凸部22aの表面形状は、所定湾曲率で所定角度だけ延びる円弧状とされ、同一形状の多数の凸部22aが、透光カバー20の内面22の周方向に沿って一定間隔(及び一定角度間隔)で並列配置され、これにより、隣接する凸部22a間に、対応する略V字形状の凹部22bが形成されている。よって、同一形状の多数の凹部22bが、透光カバー20の内面22の周方向に沿って一定間隔(及び一定角度間隔)で並列配置されている。即ち、本実施の形態では、同一形状の多数の凸部22a及び(当該凸部22a間に形成される)多数の凹部22bが、透光カバー20の内面22の周方向に沿って一定間隔(及び一定角度間隔)で並列配置されている。更に、透光カバー20の周方向両端縁には、それぞれ、内側に向かって(当該透光カバー20の周方向端部と直交して延びる)係合部23が一体形成されている。なお、透光カバー20の内面22の凸部22aのうち、最も透光カバー20の両端に近い側の凸部22aと係合部23との間には、それぞれ、凸部22aをその円弧の途中で分割した小さな円弧形状の凸部が形成されている。
[Translucent cover]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the translucent cover 20 is integrally formed to be a long semicylindrical shape with a predetermined (elastic) material such as polycarbonate resin. The material of the translucent cover 20 can be a transparent material, a translucent material, or a colored transparent material as long as it can transmit light, and a light diffusing material can be mixed in the material. Further, the translucent cover 20 of the present invention can have a simple (semicircular cross-section) smooth surface on both the outer surface and the inner surface, but the cross-sectional shape shown in FIGS. preferable. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, the translucent cover 20 of the present embodiment has a semi-cylindrical cross-sectional shape and a simple (semi-circular cross-sectional) smooth surface on the outer surface 21. On the other hand, the inner surface 22 is a concavo-convex surface composed of a convex portion 22a and a concave portion 22b. More specifically, the surface shape of the convex portion 22a of the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20 is an arc shape extending at a predetermined angle with a predetermined curvature, and a large number of the convex portions 22a having the same shape are formed on the inner surface of the translucent cover 20. 22 are arranged in parallel at regular intervals (and at regular angular intervals) along the circumferential direction, thereby forming a corresponding substantially V-shaped concave portion 22b between adjacent convex portions 22a. Therefore, a large number of recesses 22b having the same shape are arranged in parallel at regular intervals (and at regular angular intervals) along the circumferential direction of the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20. That is, in the present embodiment, a large number of convex portions 22 a having the same shape and a large number of concave portions 22 b (formed between the convex portions 22 a) are arranged at regular intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20 ( And at a constant angle interval). Furthermore, engaging portions 23 are integrally formed on both end edges in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20 toward the inside (extending perpendicularly to the circumferential end of the translucent cover 20). Of the convex portions 22a of the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20, between the convex portions 22a closest to both ends of the translucent cover 20 and the engaging portions 23, the convex portions 22a are respectively formed in the arcs. Small arc-shaped convex parts divided in the middle are formed.

透光カバー20の直径(特に、その外面21により規定される外径)は、前記基体10の直径(特に、その外面により規定される外径)と同一とされている。また、透光カバー20の全長は、基体10の全長のうち、その長さ方向両端部に装着した口金部50部分を除いた長さと同一長さに設定されている。そして、透光カバー20の幅方向に設けた一対の係合部23が、それぞれ、前記基体10の幅方向に設けた一対の嵌合部12に嵌合して係止され、透光カバー20が基体20に(意図して離脱操作を行わない限り)離脱不能に装着されるようになっている。このとき、透光カバー20の長さ方向両端縁は、基体10の長さ方向両端の口金部50の内端縁にそれぞれ隙間なく密接すると共に、透光カバー20の周方向両端縁は、基体10の基部11の周方向両端縁にそれぞれ隙間なく密接する。このようにして、基体10に透光カバー20を装着して一体化することによって、完全な円筒形状のLED照明装置を得ることができる。なお、透光カバー20を基体10に装着するには、透光カバー20の弾性変形を利用して、透光カバー20を(図3の状態から)拡径した状態でその両端の係合部23を基体10の嵌合部12にそれぞれ位置決めして配置し、透光カバー20を自身の弾性復帰力によって(図3の)元の状態に復帰させることで、両係合部23を両嵌合部12にそれぞれ嵌合する。   The diameter of the translucent cover 20 (particularly, the outer diameter defined by the outer surface 21) is the same as the diameter of the substrate 10 (particularly, the outer diameter defined by the outer surface). Further, the total length of the translucent cover 20 is set to the same length as the length of the entire length of the base body 10 excluding the cap portions 50 attached to both ends in the length direction. Then, the pair of engaging portions 23 provided in the width direction of the translucent cover 20 are fitted and locked to the pair of fitting portions 12 provided in the width direction of the base body 10, respectively. Is attached to the base 20 so as not to be detached (unless intentionally performing a detachment operation). At this time, both end edges in the length direction of the translucent cover 20 are in close contact with the inner end edges of the cap portions 50 at both ends in the length direction of the base body 10 without gaps, and both end edges in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20 are The ten base portions 11 are in close contact with both circumferential edges of the base portion 11 without any gaps. In this way, by attaching and integrating the translucent cover 20 to the base body 10, a complete cylindrical LED lighting device can be obtained. In order to attach the translucent cover 20 to the base body 10, the elastic portions of the translucent cover 20 are used to expand the diameter of the translucent cover 20 (from the state of FIG. 3). 23 are positioned and arranged on the fitting portions 12 of the base body 10, respectively, and the translucent cover 20 is restored to its original state (in FIG. 3) by its own elastic restoring force, so that both the fitting portions 23 are fitted. The joints 12 are respectively fitted.

ここで、透光カバー20の内面22の凸部22aの個数は、透光カバー20を例えば直径(外径)26mmとする場合、合計15個とすることができる。この場合、凸部22a間の凹部22bの数は、合計14個となる。また、両端の凸部22a(透光カバー20の両端に隣接する凸部22a)は、透光カバー20を基体10に装着したときに、基体10の嵌合部12と干渉しない位置(図3中で嵌合部12よりも上方の位置)であって、嵌合部12の直近位置(凸部22aの嵌合部12側の端が嵌合部12の凸部22a側の端と一致する位置)に配置されるよう、透光カバー20の内面22の所定の周方向角度位置にそれぞれ形成されている。   Here, the number of convex portions 22a on the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20 can be 15 in total when the translucent cover 20 has a diameter (outer diameter) of 26 mm, for example. In this case, the total number of concave portions 22b between the convex portions 22a is 14. Further, the convex portions 22a at both ends (the convex portions 22a adjacent to both ends of the translucent cover 20) do not interfere with the fitting portion 12 of the base 10 when the translucent cover 20 is attached to the base 10 (FIG. 3). Among them, the position immediately above the fitting portion 12 and the end of the fitting portion 12 on the fitting portion 12 side coincides with the end of the fitting portion 12 on the protruding portion 22a side. Are formed at predetermined circumferential angular positions on the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20.

一方、基体10及び透光カバー20により構成されるハウジング内の基板30の表面側(透光カバー20側)には、上記のとおり、12直列10並列接続のLED40が実装されているが、各LED40は、図15に示す指向特性を有しており、図3は、かかるLED40の指向特性を(便宜上)描画している。ここで、図15に示すように、LED40の指向特性RPは、発光強度半値幅(相対光度値がLEDの軸上光度値である最高光度値の50%となる角度)が約120度であり、その発光中心軸の両側に約60を置いた角度位置に、それぞれ、相対光度が50%となる境界線RB(以下、便宜上、「発光境界線」という。)が位置している。そして、本実施の形態では、基板30にLED40を実装したときに、LED40の発光面(図3の上面)から放射される光の両側の境界線RBの位置(指向特性RPの左右両側の60度の位置)が、透光カバー20の内面22の周方向両端の凸部22aより一つだけ内側の凸部22aに対応して位置するよう、LED40の発光面の高さ位置(基板30からの突出高さ)と、(基体10に取り付けたときの)透光カバー20における周方向両端の凸部22aより一つだけ周方向に内側の凸部22aの高さ位置(基板30からの高さ位置)とが設定されている。なお、このとき、(基体10に取り付けたときの)透光カバー20における周方向両端の凸部22aの高さ位置には、LED40の指向特性RPにおける両側の70度の位置が対応して配置される。また、このとき、その他の(11個の)凸部22aは、周方向中央の凸部22aにLED40の指向特性RPにおける0度の位置(軸上位置LFであって光度100%となる位置)が対応し、中央より周方向に左右の凸部22aには、それぞれ、LED40の指向特性RPにおける10度の位置、20度の位置、30度の位置、40度の位置、50度の位置が対応している。なお、LED40の指向特性RPにおける各10度置きの位置は、対応する凸部22aの幅方向中央位置に対応している。   On the other hand, as described above, 12 series 10 parallel-connected LEDs 40 are mounted on the surface side (translucent cover 20 side) of the substrate 30 in the housing constituted by the base body 10 and the translucent cover 20. The LED 40 has the directivity shown in FIG. 15, and FIG. 3 depicts the directivity of the LED 40 (for convenience). Here, as shown in FIG. 15, the directivity characteristic RP of the LED 40 has a light emission intensity half width (an angle at which the relative light intensity value is 50% of the maximum light intensity value that is the on-axis light intensity value of the LED) is about 120 degrees. A boundary line RB with a relative luminous intensity of 50% (hereinafter referred to as “light emission boundary line” for the sake of convenience) is located at an angular position where about 60 is placed on both sides of the light emission central axis. In this embodiment, when the LED 40 is mounted on the substrate 30, the positions of the boundary lines RB on both sides of the light emitted from the light emitting surface (the upper surface in FIG. 3) of the LED 40 (60 on both the left and right sides of the directivity RP). The position of the light emitting surface of the LED 40 (from the substrate 30) is positioned so as to correspond to only one convex portion 22a inside the convex portion 22a at both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20. ) And the height position (the height from the substrate 30) of the inner convex portion 22a in the circumferential direction from the convex portion 22a at both ends in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20 (when attached to the base body 10). Position) is set. At this time, the positions of 70 degrees on both sides in the directivity RP of the LED 40 correspond to the height positions of the convex portions 22a at both ends in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20 (when attached to the base body 10). Is done. At this time, the other (11) convex portions 22a are positioned at 0 ° in the directivity characteristic RP of the LED 40 relative to the central convex portion 22a in the circumferential direction (position where the on-axis position LF is 100% luminous intensity). The left and right protrusions 22a in the circumferential direction from the center have a position of 10 degrees, a position of 20 degrees, a position of 30 degrees, a position of 40 degrees, and a position of 50 degrees in the directivity characteristic RP of the LED 40, respectively. It corresponds. In addition, each 10 degree | times position in the directivity characteristic RP of LED40 respond | corresponds to the width direction center position of the corresponding convex part 22a.

これにより、本実施の形態では、LED40からの光のうち、相対光度が50%以上となる光度の光が、透光カバー20の周方向の全体をほぼカバーする角度範囲(少なくとも、透光カバー20の周方向に120度の角度範囲)に照射され、かつ、その照射光に対応する位置にある凸部22a及び凹部22bによって透光カバー20の(主に)周方向に均一に拡散される。このとき、透光カバー20は、それ自体の材料の有する屈折率(ポリカーボネート樹脂の場合、約1.585)によって、LEDからの放射光を角度変位して効率よく分散するが、これに加え、凸部22aが、その凸レンズ形状によってLEDからの放射光を集束方向に角度変位して分散すると共に、凸部22a間の凹部22bが凹レンズとして機能して、LEDからの放射光を拡散方向に角度変位して分散する。したがって、本実施の形態の透光カバー20は、その内面22に設けた凸部22a及び凹部22bからなる断面としてZ字状の形状を周方向に連続形成した凹凸形状(以下、説明の便宜上、「Z構造」という。)によって、非常に効率よく、LED40からの光を分散し、透光カバー20側にほぼ180度の角度範囲で、均一な光を外部に照射することができる。   Thereby, in this Embodiment, the light of the light intensity from which the relative light intensity becomes 50% or more among the light from the LED 40 (at least the light-transmitting cover) covers the entire circumferential direction of the light-transmitting cover 20. 20 in an angular range of 120 degrees in the circumferential direction) and is uniformly diffused in the (mainly) circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20 by the convex portions 22a and the concave portions 22b at positions corresponding to the irradiated light. . At this time, the translucent cover 20 is efficiently dispersed by angularly displacing the emitted light from the LED by the refractive index of its own material (in the case of polycarbonate resin, about 1.585). The convex portion 22a disperses the radiated light from the LED by shifting its angle in the focusing direction due to its convex lens shape, and the concave portion 22b between the convex portions 22a functions as a concave lens, so that the radiated light from the LED is angled in the diffusing direction. Displace and disperse. Therefore, the translucent cover 20 of the present embodiment has a concavo-convex shape in which a Z-shaped shape is continuously formed in the circumferential direction as a cross section formed by the convex portions 22a and the concave portions 22b provided on the inner surface 22 (hereinafter, for convenience of explanation). According to the “Z structure”), the light from the LED 40 can be dispersed very efficiently, and uniform light can be radiated to the outside at an angle range of approximately 180 degrees toward the translucent cover 20.

なお、LED40の発光面の高さ位置と、透光カバー20における周方向両端の凸部22aの高さ位置を変更等して調整することにより、LED40の発光面から放射される光の(指向特性RPにおける)両側の境界線RBの位置が、透光カバー20の内面22の周方向両端の凸部22aに対応して位置するよう構成することもできる。この場合、LED40からの光のうち、相対光度が50%以上となる光度の光が、透光カバー20の周方向の全体をほぼカバーする角度範囲(少なくとも、透光カバー20の周方向に140度の角度範囲)に照射され、かつ、その照射光に対応する位置にある凸部22a及び凹部22bによって透光カバー20の(主に)周方向に均一に拡散されることで、更に効率よく、LED40からの光を分散して外部に照射することができる。即ち、本実施の形態では、LED40の各々の発光面から放射される光における前記指向特性の左右両側の60度の位置が、透光カバー20の内面の周方向両端側の凸部22a(即ち、透光カバー20の内面の周方向両端の凸部22a、または、透光カバー20の内面の周方向両端の凸部22aより一つだけ内側の凸部22a)に対応して位置するよう、LED40の発光面の基板30からの高さ位置と、透光カバー20における周方向両端側の凸部22aの基板30からの高さ位置とが設定されているよう構成することが好ましい。   It should be noted that by adjusting the height position of the light emitting surface of the LED 40 and the height positions of the convex portions 22a at both ends in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20, the light emitted from the light emitting surface of the LED 40 (directivity) The positions of the boundary lines RB on both sides (in the characteristic RP) can also be configured so as to correspond to the convex portions 22 a at both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20. In this case, of the light from the LED 40, the light having a relative light intensity of 50% or more covers an entire angular range of the translucent cover 20 (at least 140 in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20. Angle range of degrees) and evenly diffused in the (mainly) circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20 by the convex portions 22a and the concave portions 22b located at positions corresponding to the irradiated light, and more efficiently. The light from the LED 40 can be dispersed and irradiated to the outside. In other words, in the present embodiment, the positions of 60 degrees on both the left and right sides of the directivity in the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces of the LEDs 40 are the convex portions 22a on both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover 20. The protrusions 22a at both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover 20 or the protrusions 22a at one inner side of the protrusions 22a at both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover 20) It is preferable that the height position from the substrate 30 of the light emitting surface of the LED 40 and the height position from the substrate 30 of the convex portions 22a on both ends in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20 are preferably set.

{実施の形態2}
図13に示すように、実施の形態2に係る直管形LED照明装置は、実施の形態1の直管形LED照明装置と同様、全体として、直管形の蛍光灯と同様の外形及び外観を有し、基体10、透光カバー20、基板30、LED40、口金部50を備え、所定長の直管形状を有している。一方、本実施の形態の直管形LED照明装置は、全長1200mmのタイプを想定しており、LED40の使用数及び配置態様を含む電気回路構成等において、実施の形態1の直管形LED照明装置と異なり、その他の構成は、実施の形態1の直管形LED照明装置と同様である。詳細には、実施の形態2に係る直管形LED照明装置は、全体での最大発光効率を得るために、264個のLED40を基板30の幅方向に二列となるよう(かつ、各列が互いに平行となるよう)並列配置すると共に、各一列のLED40(合計132個)を基板30の長さ方向に一列の直線状となるよう配置している。このように、本実施の形態では、前記LED群は、12個のLED40を直列接続して一つのLEDユニット40Uを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニット40Uを22ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、前記LED40を基板30に高密度で実装したものである。
{Embodiment 2}
As shown in FIG. 13, the straight tube LED lighting device according to the second embodiment is similar to the straight tube LED lighting device of the first embodiment, and as a whole, has the same outer shape and appearance as a straight tube fluorescent lamp. The base 10, the translucent cover 20, the substrate 30, the LED 40, and the base part 50 are provided, and has a straight tube shape with a predetermined length. On the other hand, the straight tube LED lighting device of the present embodiment is assumed to be a type having a total length of 1200 mm, and the straight tube LED lighting of the first embodiment is used in the electric circuit configuration including the number of LEDs 40 used and the arrangement mode. Unlike the apparatus, the other configuration is the same as that of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus of the first embodiment. Specifically, in the straight tube LED lighting device according to the second embodiment, 264 LEDs 40 are arranged in two rows in the width direction of the substrate 30 (and each row) in order to obtain the maximum luminous efficiency as a whole. Are arranged in parallel, and each row of LEDs 40 (a total of 132) is arranged in a row in the length direction of the substrate 30. Thus, in the present embodiment, the LED group is configured by connecting 12 LEDs 40 in series to form one LED unit 40U, and connecting 22 units of the LED units 40U in parallel with each other, The LEDs 40 are mounted on the substrate 30 at a high density.

[LEDの配置態様]
具体的には、各一列(132個)のLED40が、基板30におけるLED40の実装長さ範囲、即ち、基板30の両端側の前記口金部50により覆われる範囲以外の範囲(例えば、基板30の両端からそれぞれ約40mmの位置よりも内側の範囲)に一定間隔で一列に配置されている。これにより、LED40の配置間隔は、(例えば、実装長さ範囲が約980mmの場合)約7.4mm間隔となる。また、LED40の寸法は、長さ(L)×幅(W)×高さ(H)が、3.0mm×2.0mm×1.3mmであり、LED40は、その長さ方向が基板30の長さ方向と一致する前記並設方向に並設して実装されるため、隣接するLED40間の配置間隙は、約2.2mmとなる。なお、この配置間隙は、LEDの実装態様に応じて適宜変更することができ、例えば、2.0mm〜4.5mmの範囲とすることができ、好ましくは、4.0〜4.5mmの範囲とすることができる。このように、本実施の形態では、全長1200mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置において、基板30の長さ方向におけるLED40の実装範囲に、通常のLED照明装置が使用するLED数の3倍程度となる合計264個のLED40を、合計二列となるよう直線的に密接配置して高密度で実装することにより、各一列のLED40については従来のLED数の1.5倍の実装密度とし、かつ、基板30の幅方向にかかる高実装密度のLED40を二列で配置することで、非常に高い光度(非常に多い単位面積当たり光束数)を実現している。なお、隣接する二列のLED40の間の間隙(基板30の幅方向における間隙)は、約2mmとすることができ、各列のLED40と基板30の両端との間の間隙は、約6mmとすることができる。
[LED Arrangement Mode]
Specifically, each row (132) of LEDs 40 has a mounting length range of the LEDs 40 on the substrate 30, that is, a range other than the range covered by the cap portions 50 on both ends of the substrate 30 (for example, the substrate 30 They are arranged in a line at regular intervals in a range (inner range from a position of about 40 mm from both ends). Accordingly, the arrangement interval of the LEDs 40 is about 7.4 mm (for example, when the mounting length range is about 980 mm). The LED 40 has a length (L) × width (W) × height (H) of 3.0 mm × 2.0 mm × 1.3 mm. The LED 40 has a length direction of the substrate 30. Since it is mounted side by side in the side-by-side direction that coincides with the length direction, the arrangement gap between adjacent LEDs 40 is about 2.2 mm. In addition, this arrangement | positioning space | interval can be suitably changed according to the mounting aspect of LED, for example, can be set as the range of 2.0 mm-4.5 mm, Preferably, it is the range of 4.0-4.5 mm It can be. As described above, in the present embodiment, in the straight tube type LED lighting device having a total length of 1200 mm, the mounting range of the LEDs 40 in the length direction of the substrate 30 is about three times the number of LEDs used by the normal LED lighting device. A total of 264 LEDs 40 are linearly closely arranged so as to form a total of two rows and mounted at a high density, so that each row of LEDs 40 has a mounting density 1.5 times the number of conventional LEDs, and By arranging the high mounting density LEDs 40 in the width direction of the substrate 30 in two rows, a very high luminous intensity (a very large number of luminous fluxes per unit area) is realized. The gap between the two adjacent rows of LEDs 40 (the gap in the width direction of the substrate 30) can be about 2 mm, and the gap between the LEDs 40 in each row and both ends of the substrate 30 is about 6 mm. can do.

[電気回路構成]
本実施の形態でも、(図10または図11に示す回路構成と同様に)12個のLED40を直列接続して1単位のLEDユニット40Uを構成している。したがって、各単位のLEDユニット40Uへの印加電圧は、実施の形態1と同様の値となる。また、1ユニットのLEDユニット40Uは12個のLED40からなるため、本実施の形態では、合計で、22ユニットのLEDユニット40Uが互いに並列となるよう接続されている(LED264個/12直列=22並列)。即ち、本実施の形態は、12個のLED40を一単位として直列接続し、一単位のLEDユニット40Uを構成すると共に、かかるLEDユニット40Uを、合計で22単位(22ユニット)並列接続している(以下、この接続方法を、単に、「12直列22並列接続」ということがある)。また、本実施の形態でも、LED40を上記のように高密度実装するため、特に周囲温度によるLED40への熱的負荷の影響、並びに、かかる熱的負荷によるLED40の発光特性の変動を確実に防止すべく、実施の形態1の場合と同様、各LEDユニット40Uに供給する駆動電流としての順方向電流Iを、上記高密度実装によるLED40への熱的影響を防止することができる順方向電流の範囲内であって、上記12直列10並列接続によるLED40の光度を最大とすることができる順方向電流の範囲(高密度実装用電流範囲)に設定している。
[Electric circuit configuration]
Also in this embodiment, 12 units of LEDs 40 are connected in series (similar to the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 11) to form one unit of LED unit 40U. Therefore, the voltage applied to the LED unit 40U of each unit has the same value as in the first embodiment. In addition, since one unit of LED unit 40U includes 12 LEDs 40, in this embodiment, a total of 22 units of LED units 40U are connected in parallel to each other (264 LEDs / 12 series = 22 Parallel). That is, in the present embodiment, twelve LEDs 40 are connected in series as one unit to form one unit of LED unit 40U, and the LED units 40U are connected in parallel for a total of 22 units (22 units). (Hereinafter, this connection method may be simply referred to as “12 series 22 parallel connection”). Also in this embodiment, since the LEDs 40 are mounted at a high density as described above, the influence of the thermal load on the LED 40 due to the ambient temperature and the fluctuation of the light emission characteristics of the LED 40 due to the thermal load are surely prevented. Subeku, similarly to the first embodiment, the forward current forward current I F of the drive current supplied to each LED unit 40U, it is possible to prevent the thermal influence on the LED40 by the high-density mounting And the forward current range (high-density mounting current range) in which the luminous intensity of the LED 40 by the 12 series 10 parallel connection can be maximized.

<12直列22並列の特有の効果>
ここで、実施の形態1の場合と同様、本実施の形態でも、一単位のLEDユニット40Uを並列接続(実施の形態1とは異なり、22列で並列接続)するが、並列接続された各々のLEDユニット40Uは、12個のLED40を直列接続したものであるため、LEDユニット40U全体としては、12個のLED40が、各LED40に固有のばらつきを吸収し、22列のLEDユニット40U間での発光量のばらつきを非常に小さくすることができる。
<Special effects of 12 series 22 parallel>
Here, as in the case of the first embodiment, also in this embodiment, one unit of the LED unit 40U is connected in parallel (unlike the first embodiment, 22 rows are connected in parallel). Since the LED unit 40U is a unit in which twelve LEDs 40 are connected in series, the LED unit 40U as a whole absorbs variations inherent in each LED 40, and the LED units 40U between the 22 rows of LED units 40U. The variation in the amount of emitted light can be made very small.

また、本実施の形態でも、LED40の順方向電圧の温度特性の影響で、周囲温度によりLED40に流れる電流がLED40ごとに変動したとしても、一単位のLEDユニット40Uは、12個のLED40を直列接続したものであるため、LEDユニット40Uが全体として、LED40ごとの順方向電圧の温度による電流値変動のばらつきを吸収する。したがって、LEDユニット40U全体としては、その電流値が大きく変動することはなく、LEDユニット40Uの発光量は殆ど変動することがない。   Also in the present embodiment, even if the current flowing through the LED 40 varies depending on the ambient temperature due to the temperature characteristics of the forward voltage of the LED 40, one unit of the LED unit 40 </ b> U has 12 LEDs 40 in series. Since they are connected, the LED unit 40U as a whole absorbs variations in current value variation due to the temperature of the forward voltage of each LED 40. Therefore, the current value of the LED unit 40U as a whole does not fluctuate greatly, and the light emission amount of the LED unit 40U hardly fluctuates.

更に、本実施の形態でも、上記のような12直列22並列のLED接続形態を採用し、かつ、その順方向電流(駆動電流)を上記実用的電流範囲と比べて相対的に低い所定範囲内に設定しているため、使用環境によってLED40の周囲温度が40℃を超えて上昇した場合でも、LED40がその熱的要因の影響を受ける可能性は非常に小さく、LED40の光量を常に変動することのない一定値に維持することができる。   Further, in the present embodiment, the 12 series 22 parallel LED connection configuration as described above is adopted, and the forward current (drive current) is within a predetermined range relatively lower than the practical current range. Therefore, even if the ambient temperature of the LED 40 rises above 40 ° C depending on the usage environment, the possibility that the LED 40 will be affected by the thermal factors is very small, and the amount of light of the LED 40 always varies. Can be maintained at a constant value.

このように、本実施の形態のLED照明装置は、特定の仕様のLED40を、上記のように12直列22並列接続となるように接続することで、LED照明装置の使用環境における温度変化や、LED照明装置の電子部品やLED40自体からの発熱による温度変化等の外的な熱的要因が、LED40に及ぼす影響を最大限抑制して、LED40による発光効率を常に一定に維持することができ、LED照明装置全体としての光量変動を確実に防止することができる。即ち、本発明者らは、かかる熱的要因とLEDの接続構成との関係を鋭意研究した結果、1200mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置においては、一つのLEDユニット40UのLED40を12直列22並列接続の構成とすることにより、上記所定の印加電圧の範囲において、LED40を最も効率よく発光させることができ、かつ、上記熱的要因による影響を最小化できるという知見を得て、この知見に基づいて、1200mmタイプのLED照明装置において、LEDの接続形態を12直列22並列接続にするという構成を採用している。また、本実施の形態では、LED40を上記のように高密度実装しているため、LEDの発光に伴う熱的要因の影響が大きくなるが、上記のとおり、1200mmタイプのLED照明装置において、LEDの接続形態を12直列22並列接続にするという構成によって、(LED40の個々における光量は減少するとしても)LED全体としての発光量を(上記高密度実装によって)補った上に更に増大しており、LED照明装置全体として、非常に大きな光量での照明を行うことができる。なお、本実施の形態の電源回路の構成は、実施の形態1と同様とすることができる。   Thus, the LED lighting device of the present embodiment is connected to the LED 40 of a specific specification so as to be connected in 12 series 22 parallel as described above, so that the temperature change in the usage environment of the LED lighting device, The external thermal factors such as temperature changes due to heat generation from the electronic components of the LED lighting device and the LED 40 itself can suppress the influence on the LED 40 as much as possible, and the light emission efficiency by the LED 40 can always be kept constant, It is possible to reliably prevent fluctuations in the amount of light as the entire LED lighting device. That is, as a result of intensive studies on the relationship between the thermal factors and the LED connection configuration, the present inventors have determined that in a 1200 mm type straight tube LED lighting device, the LEDs 40 of one LED unit 40U are arranged in 12 series and 22 in parallel. Based on this knowledge, we have obtained the knowledge that the LED 40 can emit light most efficiently and the influence of the thermal factor can be minimized within the predetermined applied voltage range. In the 1200 mm type LED lighting device, a configuration is adopted in which the LED connection form is 12 series 22 parallel connection. Further, in this embodiment, since the LEDs 40 are mounted at a high density as described above, the influence of thermal factors associated with the light emission of the LEDs increases. As described above, in the 1200 mm type LED lighting device, The configuration in which the connection form is 12 series 22 parallel connection has increased further after supplementing the light emission amount of the LED as a whole (even if the light amount of each LED 40 is reduced) (by the above high-density mounting). The LED lighting device as a whole can be illuminated with a very large amount of light. Note that the structure of the power supply circuit in this embodiment can be similar to that in Embodiment 1.

[透光カバー]
本実施の形態の透光カバー20は、実施の形態1と同様の構成であるが、内面22の凸部22a及び凹部22bと基板30に実装した(二列の)LED40との関係が、実施の形態1の場合と異なる。詳細には、基体10及び透光カバー20により構成されるハウジング内の基板30の表面側には、上記のとおり、12直列22並列接続のLED40が実装されているが、各LED40は、図15に示す指向特性を有しており、図14は、かかるLED40の指向特性を(便宜上)描画している。また、前記LED群の各LED40は、発光強度半値幅が約120度の指向特性を有するものであり、LED群のLED40は、基板30の幅方向に二列となるよう、かつ、各列が平行となるよう配置されている。そして、本実施の形態では、基板30にLED40を実装したときに、幅方向一側の列(図14中の左側の列)のLED40の発光面から放射される光の一方側の境界線RBの位置(図14中の左側の境界線RBの位置)が、透光カバー20の内面22の周方向一端側(即ち、当該LED40に対応する側であって、図14中の左側)の凸部22aに対応して位置するよう、幅方向一側の列のLED40の発光面の高さ位置と、透光カバー20における周方向の一端側の凸部22aの高さ位置とが設定されている。同様に、(図示はしないが)幅方向他側の列(図14中の右側の列)のLED40の発光面から放射される光の他方側の境界線RBの位置(右側の境界線RBの位置)が、透光カバー20の内面22の周方向他側(即ち、当該LED40に対応する側であって、図14中の右側)の凸部22aに対応して位置するよう、幅方向他側の列のLED40の発光面の高さ位置と、透光カバー20における周方向の他端側の凸部22aの高さ位置とが設定されている。
[Translucent cover]
The translucent cover 20 of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the relationship between the convex portions 22a and the concave portions 22b of the inner surface 22 and the LEDs 40 (two rows) mounted on the substrate 30 is implemented. This is different from the case of Form 1. Specifically, as described above, 12 series 22 parallel-connected LEDs 40 are mounted on the surface side of the substrate 30 in the housing constituted by the base body 10 and the translucent cover 20. 14 shows the directivity characteristics of the LED 40 (for convenience). Each LED 40 of the LED group has a directivity characteristic with a light emission intensity half width of about 120 degrees, and the LEDs 40 of the LED group are arranged in two rows in the width direction of the substrate 30, and each row includes They are arranged in parallel. And in this Embodiment, when LED40 is mounted in the board | substrate 30, one boundary line RB of the light radiated | emitted from the light emission surface of LED40 of the row | line | column of the width direction one side (column on the left side in FIG. 14). 14 (the position of the left boundary line RB in FIG. 14) is a convex on one end side in the circumferential direction of the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20 (that is, the side corresponding to the LED 40 and the left side in FIG. 14). The height position of the light emitting surface of the LEDs 40 in the row on one side in the width direction and the height position of the convex portion 22a on one end side in the circumferential direction in the translucent cover 20 are set so as to correspond to the portion 22a. Yes. Similarly, although not shown, the position of the boundary line RB on the other side of the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces of the LEDs 40 in the other side in the width direction (the right side column in FIG. 14) (of the right side boundary line RB) Position) is positioned so as to correspond to the convex portion 22a on the other side in the circumferential direction of the inner surface 22 of the translucent cover 20 (that is, the side corresponding to the LED 40 and the right side in FIG. 14). The height position of the light emitting surface of the LED 40 in the side row and the height position of the convex portion 22a on the other end side in the circumferential direction in the translucent cover 20 are set.

このとき、(基体10に取り付けたときの)透光カバー20における周方向両端の凸部22aの高さ位置には、LED40の指向特性RPにおける両側の60度の位置が対応して配置される。また、このとき、その他の(13個の)凸部22aについては、周方向中央の凸部22aより左側の列のLED40の指向特性RPにおける約10度の位置と右側の列のLED40の指向特性RPにおける約10度の位置とが対応し、中央より周方向に左側の凸部22aには、それぞれ、左側の列のLED40の指向特性RPにおける0度の位置(軸上位置LF)、10度の位置、20度の位置、30度の位置、40度の位置、50度の位置が対応し、(図示はしないが)中央より周方向に右側の凸部22aには、それぞれ、右側の列のLED40の指向特性RPにおける0度の位置、10度の位置、20度の位置、30度の位置、40度の位置、50度の位置が対応している。更に、(図示はしないが)中央より周方向に左側の凸部22aには、それぞれ、右側の列のLED40の指向特性RPにおける20度の位置、30度の位置、40度の位置、50度の位置、60度の位置が(左側の列のLED40による指向特性RPの角度位置に重複して)対応し、(図示はしないが)中央より周方向に右側の凸部22aには、それぞれ、左側の列のLED40の指向特性RPにおける20度の位置、30度の位置、40度の位置、50度の位置、60度の位置が(右側の列のLED40による指向特性RPの角度位置に重複して)対応している。なお、LED40の指向特性RPにおける各10度置きの位置は、対応する凸部22aの幅方向のほぼ中央位置に対応している。   At this time, the positions of 60 degrees on both sides of the directivity characteristic RP of the LED 40 are arranged corresponding to the height positions of the convex portions 22a at both ends in the circumferential direction of the light transmitting cover 20 (when attached to the base body 10). . Further, at this time, with respect to the other (13) convex portions 22a, the position of about 10 degrees in the directivity characteristic RP of the LED 40 in the column on the left side of the convex portion 22a at the center in the circumferential direction and the directivity characteristic of the LED 40 in the right column. This corresponds to a position of about 10 degrees in the RP, and the left convex portion 22a in the circumferential direction from the center has a position of 0 degrees (on-axis position LF) and 10 degrees in the directivity RP of the LEDs 40 in the left column, respectively. Position, 20 degree position, 30 degree position, 40 degree position, and 50 degree position correspond to the right protrusions 22a in the circumferential direction from the center (not shown). The 0 degree position, the 10 degree position, the 20 degree position, the 30 degree position, the 40 degree position, and the 50 degree position in the directivity characteristic RP of the LED 40 correspond to each other. Furthermore, although not shown, the left convex portion 22a in the circumferential direction from the center has a position of 20 degrees, a position of 30 degrees, a position of 40 degrees, and a position of 50 degrees in the directivity characteristic RP of the LEDs 40 in the right column, respectively. The position of 60 degrees corresponds to the angle position of the directional characteristic RP by the LED 40 in the left column, and (not shown) the right convex portion 22a in the circumferential direction from the center, The 20 degree position, the 30 degree position, the 40 degree position, the 50 degree position, and the 60 degree position in the directional characteristic RP of the LED 40 in the left column overlaps the angular position of the directional characteristic RP by the LED 40 in the right column. And). In addition, each 10 degree | times position in the directivity characteristic RP of LED40 respond | corresponds to the substantially center position of the width direction of the corresponding convex part 22a.

これにより、本実施の形態でも、LED40からの光のうち、相対光度が50%以上となる光度の光が、透光カバー20の周方向の全体をほぼカバーする角度範囲(少なくとも、透光カバー20の周方向に140度以上の角度範囲)に照射され、かつ、その照射光に対応する位置にある凸部22a及び凹部22bによって透光カバー20の(主に)周方向に均一に拡散される。このとき、透光カバー20は、それ自体の材料の有する屈折率によって、LEDからの放射光を角度変位して効率よく分散するが、これに加え、凸部22aが、その凸レンズ形状によってLEDからの放射光を集束方向に角度変位して分散すると共に、凸部22a間の凹部22bが凹レンズとして機能して、LEDからの放射光を拡散方向に角度変位して分散する。したがって、本実施の形態の透光カバー20も、その内面22に設けた凸部22a及び凹部22bからなる断面としてZ字状の形状を周方向に連続形成した凹凸形状(Z構造)によって、非常に効率よく、LED40からの光を分散し、透光カバー20側にほぼ180度の角度範囲で、均一な光を外部に照射することができる。   Thereby, also in the present embodiment, the light having a relative light intensity of 50% or more out of the light from the LED 40 covers an entire angular range of the translucent cover 20 (at least the translucent cover). 20 in an angular range of 140 degrees or more in the circumferential direction) and is diffused uniformly (mainly) in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover 20 by the convex portions 22a and the concave portions 22b at positions corresponding to the irradiated light. The At this time, the translucent cover 20 efficiently disperses the light emitted from the LED by angularly displacing it by the refractive index of its own material, but in addition to this, the convex portion 22a is separated from the LED by its convex lens shape. The radiated light from the LEDs is dispersed by being angularly displaced in the focusing direction, and the concave portions 22b between the convex portions 22a function as concave lenses, and the radiated light from the LEDs is angularly displaced in the diffusing direction and dispersed. Therefore, the translucent cover 20 according to the present embodiment also has an uneven shape (Z structure) in which a Z-shaped shape is continuously formed in the circumferential direction as a cross section formed by the convex portions 22 a and the concave portions 22 b provided on the inner surface 22. In addition, the light from the LED 40 can be dispersed efficiently, and uniform light can be radiated to the outside at an angle range of approximately 180 degrees toward the light-transmitting cover 20.

{2400mmタイプの別例}
図示はしないが、別例に係る直管形LED照明装置は、実施の形態1の直管形LED照明装置と同様、全体として、直管形の蛍光灯と同様の外形及び外観を有し、基体10、透光カバー20、基板30、LED40、口金部50を備え、所定長の直管形状を有している。一方、本実施の形態の直管形LED照明装置は、全長2400mmのタイプを想定しており、LED40の使用数及び配置態様を含む電気回路構成等において、実施の形態1の直管形LED照明装置と異なり、その他の構成は、実施の形態1の直管形LED照明装置と同様である。詳細には、本別例に係る直管形LED照明装置は、全体での最大発光効率を得るために、784個のLED40を基板30の幅方向に二列となるよう(かつ、各列が互いに平行となるよう)並列配置すると共に、各一列のLED40(合392個)を基板30の長さ方向に一列の直線状となるよう配置している。このように、本実施の形態では、前記LED群は、14個のLED40を直列接続して一つのLEDユニット40Uを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニット40Uを56ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、前記LED40を基板30に高密度で実装したものである。
{Another example of 2400mm type}
Although not shown, the straight tube LED lighting device according to another example has the same outer shape and appearance as the straight tube fluorescent lamp as a whole, like the straight tube LED lighting device of the first embodiment. The substrate 10, the translucent cover 20, the substrate 30, the LED 40, and the base portion 50 are provided and have a straight tube shape with a predetermined length. On the other hand, the straight tube LED lighting device of the present embodiment is assumed to be a type having a total length of 2400 mm, and the straight tube LED lighting of the first embodiment is used in the electric circuit configuration including the number of LEDs 40 used and the arrangement mode. Unlike the apparatus, the other configuration is the same as that of the straight tube LED lighting apparatus of the first embodiment. Specifically, the straight tube LED lighting device according to this separate example is arranged so that 784 LEDs 40 are arranged in two rows in the width direction of the substrate 30 in order to obtain the maximum luminous efficiency as a whole (and each row is The LEDs 40 (total 392) are arranged in parallel so as to be parallel to each other and arranged in a straight line in the length direction of the substrate 30. Thus, in this embodiment, the LED group is configured by connecting 14 LEDs 40 in series to form one LED unit 40U, and by connecting 56 units of the LED units 40U in parallel with each other, The LEDs 40 are mounted on the substrate 30 at a high density.

[LEDの配置態様]
具体的には、各一列(392個)のLED40が、基板30におけるLED40の実装長さ範囲に一定間隔で一列に配置されている。これにより、LED40の配置間隔は、(例えば、実装長さ範囲が約2180mmの場合)約5.6mm間隔となる。また、LED40の寸法は、長さ(L)×幅(W)×高さ(H)が、3.0mm×2.0mm×1.3mmであり、LED40は、その長さ方向が基板30の長さ方向と一致する前記並設方向に並設して実装されるため、隣接するLED40間の配置間隙は、約1.3mmとなる。なお、この配置間隙は、LEDの実装態様に応じて適宜変更することができる。このように、本別例では、全長2400mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置において、基板30の長さ方向におけるLED40の実装範囲に、通常のLED照明装置が使用するLED数の3倍程度となる合計784個のLED40を、合計二列となるよう直線的に密接配置して高密度で実装することにより、各一列のLED40については従来のLED数の1.5倍の実装密度とし、かつ、基板30の幅方向にかかる高実装密度のLED40を二列で配置することで、非常に高い光度(非常に多い単位面積当たり光束数)を実現している。
[LED Arrangement Mode]
Specifically, each row (392) of LEDs 40 is arranged in a row at regular intervals within the mounting length range of the LEDs 40 on the substrate 30. Thereby, the arrangement interval of the LEDs 40 is about 5.6 mm (for example, when the mounting length range is about 2180 mm). The LED 40 has a length (L) × width (W) × height (H) of 3.0 mm × 2.0 mm × 1.3 mm. The LED 40 has a length direction of the substrate 30. Since it is mounted side by side in the side-by-side direction that coincides with the length direction, the arrangement gap between adjacent LEDs 40 is about 1.3 mm. In addition, this arrangement | positioning space | interval can be suitably changed according to the mounting aspect of LED. Thus, in this separate example, in the 2400 mm type straight tube LED lighting device, the mounting range of the LEDs 40 in the length direction of the substrate 30 is about three times the number of LEDs used by the normal LED lighting device. A total of 784 LEDs 40 are linearly closely arranged so as to form a total of two rows and mounted at a high density, so that each row of LEDs 40 has a mounting density 1.5 times the number of conventional LEDs, and By arranging the high mounting density LEDs 40 in the width direction of the substrate 30 in two rows, a very high luminous intensity (a very large number of luminous fluxes per unit area) is realized.

[電気回路構成]
本別例では、図10または図11に示す電気回路構成と同様の電気回路構成を採用する一方で、14個のLED40を直列接続して1単位のLEDユニット40Uを構成している。したがって、各単位のLEDユニット40Uへの印加電圧は、実施の形態1及び2よりも高い値(14/12倍=約1.17倍の値)となる。また、1ユニットのLEDユニット40Uは14個のLED40からなるため、本別例では、合計で、56ユニットのLEDユニット40Uが互いに並列となるよう接続されている(LED784個/14直列=56並列)。即ち、本実施の形態は、14個のLED40を一単位として直列接続し、一単位のLEDユニット40Uを構成すると共に、かかるLEDユニット40Uを、合計で56単位(56ユニット)並列接続している(以下、この接続方法を、単に、「14直列56並列接続」ということがある)。また、本別例でも、LED40を上記のように高密度実装するため、特に周囲温度によるLED40への熱的負荷の影響、並びに、かかる熱的負荷によるLED40の発光特性の変動を確実に防止すべく、実施の形態1の場合と同様、各LEDユニット40Uに供給する駆動電流としての順方向電流Iを、上記高密度実装によるLED40への熱的影響を防止することができる順方向電流の範囲内であって、上記12直列10並列接続によるLED40の光度を最大とすることができる順方向電流の範囲(高密度実装用電流範囲)に設定している。
[Electric circuit configuration]
In this other example, an electric circuit configuration similar to that shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 11 is adopted, while 14 LEDs 40 are connected in series to constitute one unit of LED unit 40U. Therefore, the voltage applied to the LED unit 40U of each unit is a value higher than that in the first and second embodiments (14/12 times = about 1.17 times). In addition, since one LED unit 40U is composed of 14 LEDs 40, in this example, a total of 56 LED units 40U are connected in parallel with each other (784 LEDs / 14 series = 56 parallels). ). In other words, in the present embodiment, 14 LEDs 40 are connected in series as one unit to constitute one unit of LED unit 40U, and a total of 56 units (56 units) of such LED units 40U are connected in parallel. (Hereinafter, this connection method may be simply referred to as “14 series 56 parallel connection”). Also in this example, since the LEDs 40 are mounted at a high density as described above, the influence of the thermal load on the LEDs 40 due to the ambient temperature and the variation in the light emission characteristics of the LEDs 40 due to such a thermal load are surely prevented. in order, as in the case of the first embodiment, the forward current I F of the drive current supplied to each LED unit 40U, the forward current that can prevent thermal influence on the LED40 by the high-density mounting The forward current range (high-density mounting current range) in which the luminous intensity of the LED 40 by the 12 series 10 parallel connection can be maximized is set.

<14直列56並列の特有の効果>
ここで、実施の形態1の場合と同様、本実施の形態でも、一単位のLEDユニット40Uを並列接続(実施の形態1及び2とは異なり、56列で並列接続)するが、並列接続された各々のLEDユニット40Uは、14個のLED40を直列接続したものであるため、LEDユニット40U全体としては、14個のLED40が、各LED40に固有のばらつきを吸収し、56列のLEDユニット40U間での発光量のばらつきを非常に小さくすることができる。
<Special effects of 14 series and 56 parallel>
Here, as in the case of the first embodiment, also in this embodiment, one unit of the LED unit 40U is connected in parallel (unlike the first and second embodiments, 56 columns are connected in parallel). Since each LED unit 40U is formed by connecting 14 LEDs 40 in series, as a whole LED unit 40U, 14 LEDs 40 absorb variations inherent to each LED 40, and 56 rows of LED units 40U are arranged. Variation in the amount of emitted light can be made extremely small.

また、本実施の形態でも、LED40の順方向電圧の温度特性の影響で、周囲温度によりLED40に流れる電流がLED40ごとに変動したとしても、一単位のLEDユニット40Uは、14個のLED40を直列接続したものであるため、LEDユニット40Uが全体として、LED40ごとの順方向電圧の温度による電流値変動のばらつきを吸収する。したがって、LEDユニット40U全体としては、その電流値が大きく変動することはなく、LEDユニット40Uの発光量は殆ど変動することがない。   Also in this embodiment, even if the current flowing through the LED 40 varies depending on the ambient temperature due to the temperature characteristics of the forward voltage of the LED 40, one unit of the LED unit 40 </ b> U includes 14 LEDs 40 in series. Since they are connected, the LED unit 40U as a whole absorbs variations in current value variation due to the temperature of the forward voltage of each LED 40. Therefore, the current value of the LED unit 40U as a whole does not fluctuate greatly, and the light emission amount of the LED unit 40U hardly fluctuates.

更に、本実施の形態でも、上記のような14直列56並列のLED接続形態を採用し、かつ、その順方向電流(駆動電流)を上記実用的電流範囲と比べて相対的に低い所定範囲内に設定しているため、使用環境によってLED40の周囲温度が40℃を超えて上昇した場合でも、LED40がその熱的要因の影響を受ける可能性は非常に小さく、LED40の光量を常に変動することのない一定値に維持することができる。   Further, in the present embodiment, the 14 series 56 parallel LED connection form as described above is adopted, and the forward current (drive current) is within a predetermined range relatively lower than the practical current range. Therefore, even if the ambient temperature of the LED 40 rises above 40 ° C depending on the usage environment, the possibility that the LED 40 will be affected by the thermal factors is very small, and the amount of light of the LED 40 always varies. Can be maintained at a constant value.

このように、本実施の形態のLED照明装置は、特定の仕様のLED40を、上記のように14直列56並列接続となるように接続することで、LED照明装置の使用環境における温度変化や、LED照明装置の電子部品やLED40自体からの発熱による温度変化等の外的な熱的要因が、LED40に及ぼす影響を最大限抑制して、LED40による発光効率を常に一定に維持することができ、LED照明装置全体としての光量変動を確実に防止することができる。即ち、本発明者らは、かかる熱的要因とLEDの接続構成との関係を鋭意研究した結果、2400mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置においては、一つのLEDユニット40UのLED40を14直列56並列接続の構成とすることにより、上記所定の印加電圧の範囲において、LED40を最も効率よく発光させることができ、かつ、上記熱的要因による影響を最小化できるという知見を得て、この知見に基づいて、2400mmタイプのLED照明装置において、LEDの接続形態を14直列56並列接続にするという構成を採用している。また、本別例では、LED40を上記のように高密度実装しているため、LEDの発光に伴う熱的要因の影響が大きくなるが、上記のとおり、2400mmタイプのLED照明装置において、LEDの接続形態を14直列56並列接続にするという構成によって、(LED40の個々における光量は減少するとしても)LED全体としての発光量を(上記高密度実装によって)補った上に更に増大しており、LED照明装置全体として、非常に大きな光量での照明を行うことができる。なお、本別例の電源回路の構成は、実施の形態1と同様とすることができる。   Thus, the LED lighting device of the present embodiment is connected to the LED 40 of a specific specification so as to be connected in 14 series 56 parallel as described above, so that the temperature change in the usage environment of the LED lighting device, The external thermal factors such as temperature changes due to heat generation from the electronic components of the LED lighting device and the LED 40 itself can suppress the influence on the LED 40 as much as possible, and the light emission efficiency by the LED 40 can always be kept constant, It is possible to reliably prevent fluctuations in the amount of light as the entire LED lighting device. That is, as a result of intensive studies on the relationship between the thermal factors and the LED connection configuration, the present inventors have determined that in the 2400 mm type straight tube LED lighting device, the LEDs 40 of one LED unit 40U are in 14 series and 56 parallel. Based on this knowledge, we have obtained the knowledge that the LED 40 can emit light most efficiently and the influence of the thermal factor can be minimized within the predetermined applied voltage range. In the 2400 mm type LED lighting device, a configuration is adopted in which the LED connection form is 14 series 56 parallel connection. Further, in this example, since the LEDs 40 are mounted at a high density as described above, the influence of thermal factors associated with the light emission of the LEDs is increased. As described above, in the LED lighting device of 2400 mm type, By the configuration that the connection form is 14 series 56 parallel connection (even if the amount of light in each LED 40 is reduced), the light emission amount as a whole LED is supplemented (by the above high-density mounting) and further increased. The entire LED lighting device can be illuminated with a very large amount of light. Note that the configuration of the power supply circuit of this another example can be the same as that of the first embodiment.

(校閲後追加)
[本発明の特徴]
本発明に係る直管形LED照明装置は、上記のように、前記LED群の各LEDは、発光強度半値幅が約120度の指向特性を有するものとすることが好ましい。また、前記LEDの発光表面の高さ位置は、前記回路基板の表面に実装される他の電子部品よりも高い位置であって、かつ、前記基体の開口部の開口端よりも低い位置に設定されている。更に、前記LEDの発光表面高さ位置は、前記LEDの指向特性において、当該LEDが発光して光線を放射したときに、前記発光強度半値幅の50%の位置が前記基体の開口部の開口端の位置と同等の位置にくるように設定されているものとすることが好ましい。そして、前記透光カバーは、周方向に凸部及び凹部を連続的に形成した断面形状であり、かつ、当該凸部及び凹部が、それぞれ、前記透光カバーの長さ方向に連続する凸形状及び凹形状であり、前記凸部及び凹部の数は、それぞれ、前記LEDの発光強度半値幅の50%の位置が最も外側の凸部または凹部に重なるよう、前記凸部及び凹部の位置が設定されているものとすることが好ましい。そして、かかる構成から把握される外延の範囲内において、本発明の直管形LED照明装置は、上記実施の形態の対応する構成(特に、透光カバーの構成)を適宜変更することができる。例えば、透光カバーの凸部及び凹部を透光カバーの外面に形成したり、凸部及び凹部の数や断面形状や配置態様や配置位置を上記実施の形態と異なるものとしたりすることができる。
(Added after review)
[Features of the present invention]
In the straight tube type LED lighting device according to the present invention, as described above, each LED of the LED group preferably has a directivity characteristic with a light emission intensity half-value width of about 120 degrees. Further, the height position of the light emitting surface of the LED is set to be higher than other electronic components mounted on the surface of the circuit board and lower than the opening end of the opening of the base. Has been. Further, the position of the light emitting surface of the LED is that the position of 50% of the half-value width of the light emission intensity is the opening of the opening of the base when the LED emits light by emitting light in the directivity characteristics of the LED. It is preferable that the position is set to be equal to the position of the end. And the said translucent cover is the cross-sectional shape which formed the convex part and the recessed part continuously in the circumferential direction, and the said convex part and recessed part are the convex shapes which continue in the length direction of the said translucent cover, respectively. The number of the convex portions and the concave portions is set such that the position of 50% of the half-value width of the light emission intensity of the LED overlaps the outermost convex portion or the concave portions, respectively. It is preferred that And the straight tube | pipe type LED lighting apparatus of this invention can change suitably the structure (especially structure of a translucent cover) of the said embodiment within the range of the extension grasped | ascertained from this structure. For example, the convex portions and concave portions of the translucent cover can be formed on the outer surface of the translucent cover, or the number, cross-sectional shape, arrangement mode, and arrangement position of the convex portions and concave portions can be different from those in the above embodiment. .

また、本発明に係る直管形LED照明装置は、上記のように、まず、LEDを高密度実装する一方で、LEDの上記高密度実装に起因するLEDの発光特性への熱的(または温度的)影響を防止または補償している。即ち、LEDは、光度を増大するためにできるだけ大きな電力を供給することが望ましいが、大きな電力を供給するとLEDのジャンクション温度が上昇し、光出力低下、波長シフト(色の変化)、劣化の促進(寿命の低下)等の不具合を発生するため、特に、LEDを高密度実装すると、温度的影響が大きくなる。そこで、本発明は、高密度実装によるLEDの密度の増加(増加率)に応じて、熱的(または温度的)影響を補償すべく、LEDの駆動電流を当該LEDに規定された(メーカー推奨値または定格における)実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも小さな値に設定することで駆動電力を小さくし、使用環境温度や外部温度(特に、LED周辺の温度やLEDのジャンクション温度)の変化によるLEDの発光特性の変化やばらつきを最小限に抑制するという特有の作用効果を発揮している。このため、例えば、本発明は、LEDの規格や定格等を下記のように設定することも好ましい。   In addition, as described above, the straight tube LED lighting device according to the present invention firstly mounts LEDs at high density, while at the same time thermally (or temperature) the light emission characteristics of the LEDs due to the high density mounting of LEDs. To prevent or compensate for effects. That is, it is desirable that the LED supply as much power as possible to increase the luminous intensity. However, if a large amount of power is supplied, the junction temperature of the LED rises, the light output decreases, the wavelength shift (color change), and the promotion of deterioration. Since problems such as (life reduction) occur, particularly when LEDs are mounted at high density, the temperature influence becomes large. Therefore, according to the present invention, the LED drive current is specified for the LED in order to compensate for the thermal (or temperature) influence according to the increase (increase rate) of the LED density due to high-density mounting (recommended by the manufacturer). Drive power is reduced by setting a value smaller than the lower limit of the practical current range (in terms of value or rating), and the LED changes due to changes in the operating environment temperature and external temperature (especially the temperature around the LED and the LED junction temperature). It exhibits a unique effect of minimizing changes and variations in the light emission characteristics. For this reason, for example, in the present invention, it is also preferable to set the standard and rating of the LED as follows.

[LED]
LEDの寸法・種類:
L×W×H=3.0mm×2.0mm×1.3mm
シングル青色LED型高輝度SMD
[LED]
LED dimensions and types:
L x W x H = 3.0 mm x 2.0 mm x 1.3 mm
Single blue LED type high brightness SMD

LEDの光学的・電気的特性(Ta=25℃):
表面実装型LED
順方向電圧V=2.8〜3.5V(I=20mA)(許容差=±0.05V)
光度I(NIST準拠の測定)=1800〜2600mcd(I=20mA)(許容差=±10%)
色温度CCT=5310〜7040K(I=20mA)(主波長の測定誤差=±1nm)
逆方向電流I=1μA以下(VR=5V)
ビーム角(1/2ビーム角)=120度
順方向電流(メーカー規定の駆動電流)I=20mA
LED optical and electrical characteristics (Ta = 25 ° C):
Surface mount LED
Forward voltage V F = 2.8 to 3.5 V (I F = 20 mA) (tolerance = ± 0.05 V)
Luminous intensity I V (measurement conforming to NIST) = 1800-2600 mcd (I F = 20 mA) (tolerance = ± 10%)
Color temperature CCT = 5310 to 7040K (I F = 20 mA) (Measurement error of main wavelength = ± 1 nm)
Reverse current I R = 1μA or less (VR = 5V)
Beam angle (1/2 beam angle) = 120 degrees Forward current (drive current specified by the manufacturer) I F = 20 mA

(校閲後追加)
LEDの絶対最大定格(Ta=25℃)
順方向電流I=30mA
ピークパルス順方向電流IFP=100mA(1kHz、デューティーサイクル1/10)
LEDジャンクション温度(pn接合部の温度)T=125℃
動作温度TOPR=−30〜+85℃(蛍光灯は−20〜40℃)
ワット損P=105mW
(Added after review)
LED absolute maximum rating (Ta = 25 ℃)
Forward current I F = 30 mA
Peak pulse forward current I FP = 100 mA (1 kHz, duty cycle 1/10)
LED junction temperature (pn junction temperature) T J = 125 ° C.
Operating temperature T OPR = -30 to + 85 ° C (-20 to 40 ° C for fluorescent lamps)
Power loss P D = 105 mW

[基体](管長600mmタイプ)
全長=580mm
外形寸法(直径)φ=26mm
口金部=1個当たり45mm(合計90mm)、または、65mm(合計130mm)
開口長(口金45mm)=580−90=490mm
外形面積(口金45mm)=26mm×490mm=127.4cm2
開口面積(口金45mm)=24mm(直径26mm−2mm)×490mm=117.6cm2
開口長(口金65mm)=580−130=450mm
外形面積(口金65mm)=26mm×450mm=117.0cm2
開口面積(口金65mm)=24mm(直径26mm−2mm)×450mm=108.0cm2
12直列10並列、120個のLEDを一列で配置
発光角度=180度(以上)
[Substrate] (Pipe length 600mm type)
Total length = 580mm
External dimensions (diameter) φ = 26mm
Base part = 45 mm (90 mm in total) or 65 mm (130 mm in total)
Opening length (cap 45 mm) = 580−90 = 490 mm
External area (cap 45 mm) = 26 mm × 490 mm = 127.4 cm 2
Opening area (cap 45 mm) = 24 mm (diameter 26 mm−2 mm) × 490 mm = 117.6 cm 2
Opening length (cap 65 mm) = 580−130 = 450 mm
External area (cap 65 mm) = 26 mm × 450 mm = 17.0 cm 2
Opening area (cap 65 mm) = 24 mm (diameter 26 mm-2 mm) × 450 mm = 108.0 cm 2
12 series 10 parallel, 120 LEDs arranged in a row Light emission angle = 180 degrees (over)

[LEDの実装密度(口金部45mmの場合)]
実装密度(開口単位長当たり)=120/490mm(0.49m)=245個/m
実装密度(開口単位面積当たり)=120/117.6(cm2)=1.02個/cm
[LED mounting density (when cap is 45mm)]
Mounting density (per opening unit length) = 120/490 mm (0.49 m) = 245 pieces / m
Mounting density (per opening unit area) = 120 / 117.6 (cm 2) = 1.02 pieces / cm 2

[LEDの実装密度(口金部65mmの場合)]
実装密度(単位長当たり)=120/450mm(0.45m)=267個/m
実装密度(単位面積当たり)=120/108(cm2)=1.11個/cm
LED実装密度範囲=1.02〜1.11個/cm
[LED mounting density (in the case of 65 mm cap)]
Mounting density (per unit length) = 120/450 mm (0.45 m) = 267 pieces / m
Mounting density (per unit area) = 120/108 (cm 2) = 1.11 / cm 2
LED mounting density range = 1.02-1.11 pieces / cm 2

[基体](管長1200mmタイプ)
全長=1198mm
外形寸法(直径)φ=26mm
口金部=1個当たり45mm(合計90mm)、または、65mm(合計130mm)
開口長(口金45mm)=1198−90=1108mm
外形面積(口金45mm)=26mm×1108mm=288.08cm2
開口面積(口金45mm)=24mm(直径26mm−2mm)×1108mm=265.92cm2
開口長(口金65mm)=1108−130=1068mm
外形面積(口金65mm)=26mm×1068mm=277.68cm2)
開口面積(口金65mm)=24mm(直径26mm−2mm)×1068mm=256.32cm2)
12直列22並列、264個のLEDを二列(一列132個)で配置
発光角度=180度(以上)
[Substrate] (Tube length 1200mm type)
Total length = 1198mm
External dimensions (diameter) φ = 26mm
Base part = 45 mm (90 mm in total) or 65 mm (130 mm in total)
Opening length (cap 45mm) = 1198-90 = 1108mm
External area (cap 45 mm) = 26 mm × 1108 mm = 288.08 cm 2
Opening area (cap 45 mm) = 24 mm (diameter 26 mm-2 mm) × 1108 mm = 265.92 cm 2
Opening length (cap 65 mm) = 1108−130 = 1068 mm
External area (cap 65 mm) = 26 mm × 1068 mm = 277.68 cm 2)
Opening area (cap 65 mm) = 24 mm (diameter 26 mm-2 mm) × 1068 mm = 256.32 cm 2)
12 series 22 parallel, 264 LEDs arranged in 2 rows (132 in 1 row) Light emission angle = 180 degrees (above)

[LEDの実装密度(口金部45mmの場合)]
実装密度(開口単位長当たり)=264/1108=238個/m
(一列で見た場合の実装密度(開口単位長当たり)=132/1108=119個/m)
実装密度(開口単位面積当たり)=264/265.92(cm2)=0.99個/cm2
[LED mounting density (when cap is 45mm)]
Mounting density (per opening unit length) = 264/1108 = 238 pieces / m
(Mounting density when viewed in a row (per unit length of opening) = 132/1108 = 119 pieces / m)
Mounting density (per opening unit area) = 264 / 265.92 (cm2) = 0.99 / cm2

[LEDの実装密度(口金部65mmの場合)]
実装密度(開口単位長当たり)=264/1068=247個/m
(一列で見た場合の実装密度(開口単位長当たり)=132/1068=124個/m)
実装密度(開口単位面積当たり)=264/256.32(cm2)=1.03個/cm2
LED実装密度範囲=0.99〜1.03個/cm
[LED mounting density (in the case of 65 mm cap)]
Mounting density (per opening unit length) = 264/1068 = 247 pieces / m
(Mounting density when viewed in a row (per unit opening length) = 132/1068 = 124 / m)
Mounting density (per opening unit area) = 264 / 256.32 (cm2) = 1.03 pieces / cm2
LED mounting density range = 0.99 to 1.03 / cm 2

[基体](管長2400mmタイプ)
全長=2367mm
外形寸法(直径)φ=38mm(900mm及び1200mmタイプの1.462倍)
外形寸法(直径)φ=40.5mm(900mm及び1200mmタイプの1.538倍)(即ち、900mm及び1200mmタイプの約1.46倍〜1.54倍:約1.5倍)
口金部=1個当たり45mm(合計90mm)、または、65mm(合計130mm)
開口長(口金45mmの場合)=2367−90=2277mm
外形面積(直径38mm、口金45mmの場合)=38mm×2277mm=865.26cm2
開口面積(直径38mm、口金45mmの場合)=36mm(直径38mm−2mm)×2277mm=819.72cm2
外形面積(直径40.5mm、口金45mmの場合)=40.5mm×2277mm=922.185cm2
開口面積(直径40.5mm、口金45mmの場合)=38.5mm(直径40.5mm−2mm)×2277mm=876.645cm2
開口長(口金65mmの場合)=2367−130=2237mm
外形面積(直径38mm、口金65mmの場合)=38mm×2237mm=850.06cm2
開口面積(直径38mm、口金65mmの場合)=36mm(直径38mm−2mm)×2237mm=805.32cm2
外形面積(直径40.5mm、口金65mmの場合)=40.5mm×2237mm=905.985cm2
開口面積(直径40.5mmm口金65mm)=38.5mm(直径40.5mm−2mm)×2237mm=861.245cm2
14直列56並列、784個のLEDを二列(一列392個)で配置
発光角度=180度(以上)
[Substrate] (Tube length 2400mm type)
Total length = 2367mm
External dimensions (diameter) φ = 38mm (1.462 times of 900mm and 1200mm types)
External dimensions (diameter) φ = 40.5 mm (1.538 times of 900 mm and 1200 mm types) (ie, about 1.46 times to 1.54 times of 900 mm and 1200 mm types: about 1.5 times)
Base part = 45 mm (90 mm in total) or 65 mm (130 mm in total)
Opening length (in case of cap 45 mm) = 2367−90 = 2277 mm
External area (in the case of diameter 38 mm, base 45 mm) = 38 mm × 2277 mm = 865.26 cm 2
Opening area (in the case of diameter 38 mm, base 45 mm) = 36 mm (diameter 38 mm−2 mm) × 2277 mm = 819.72 cm 2
External area (in the case of diameter 40.5 mm, base 45 mm) = 40.5 mm × 2277 mm = 922.185 cm 2
Open area (diameter 40.5 mm, base 45 mm) = 38.5 mm (diameter 40.5 mm-2 mm) × 2277 mm = 876.6645 cm 2
Opening length (in the case of 65 mm cap) = 2367−130 = 2237 mm
External area (in the case of diameter 38 mm, base 65 mm) = 38 mm × 2237 mm = 850.06 cm 2
Opening area (in the case of diameter 38 mm, base 65 mm) = 36 mm (diameter 38 mm−2 mm) × 2237 mm = 805.32 cm 2
External area (in the case of diameter 40.5 mm, base 65 mm) = 40.5 mm × 2237 mm = 905.985 cm 2
Opening area (diameter 40.5 mm, base 65 mm) = 38.5 mm (diameter 40.5 mm-2 mm) × 2237 mm = 861.245 cm 2
14 series 56 parallel, 784 LEDs arranged in two rows (392 in a row) Light emission angle = 180 degrees (or more)

[LEDの実装密度(直径38mm、口金部45mmの場合)]
実装密度(開口単位長当たり)=784/2277=344個/m(一列で見た場合の実装密度(開口単位長当たり)=392/2277=172個/m)
実装密度(開口単位面積当たり)=784/819.72(cm2)=0.96個/cm2
[LED mounting density (when diameter is 38mm, base is 45mm)]
Mounting density (per opening unit length) = 784/2277 = 344 pieces / m (Mounting density when viewed in a row (per opening unit length) = 392/2277 = 172 pieces / m)
Mounting density (per opening unit area) = 784 / 89.72 (cm2) = 0.96 pieces / cm2

[LEDの実装密度(直径38mm、口金部65mmの場合)]
実装密度(開口単位長当たり)=784/2237=350個/m(一列で見た場合の実装密度(開口単位長当たり)=392/2237=175個/m)
実装密度(開口単位面積当たり)=784/805.32(cm2)=0.97個/cm2
LED実装密度範囲=0.96〜0.97個/cm
[LED mounting density (in the case of diameter 38mm, base 65mm)]
Mounting density (per opening unit length) = 784/2237 = 350 pieces / m (Mounting density when viewed in a row (per opening unit length) = 392/2237 = 175 pieces / m)
Mounting density (per opening unit area) = 784 / 805.32 (cm2) = 0.97 / cm2
LED mounting density range = 0.96-0.97 / cm 2

[LEDの実装密度(直径40.5mm、口金部45mmの場合)]
実装密度(開口単位面積当たり)=784/876.645(cm2)=0.89個/cm2
[LED mounting density (in the case of 40.5 mm diameter, 45 mm cap)]
Mounting density (per opening unit area) = 784 / 876.645 (cm2) = 0.89 / cm2

[LEDの開口単位面積当たり実装密度(直径40.5mm、口金部65mmの場合)]
実装密度(開口単位面積当たり)=784/861.245(cm2)=0.91個/cm2
LED実装密度範囲=0.89〜0.91個/cm
[Mounting density per LED opening unit area (in the case of 40.5 mm diameter, 65 mm base)]
Mounting density (per opening unit area) = 784 / 861.2545 (cm 2) = 0.91 / cm 2
LED mounting density range = 0.89-0.91 / cm 2

Claims (10)

直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、
前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、
前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、
前記回路基板の表面に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、
前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備え、
前記LED群は、所定の同一数の複数のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを所定の複数ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、かつ、前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものであり、
前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給することを特徴とする直管形LED照明装置。
A base body having a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction with a predetermined length by opening one side in the diametric direction, and an open part having a predetermined opening area in the open part on the one side in the diametric direction;
A translucent cover attached to one side of the base in the diameter direction so as to cover the entire open portion of the base;
A circuit board mounted inside the open portion of the base body and extending over the entire length of the open portion;
LED groups consisting of a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board;
A power supply circuit that drives and emits LEDs of the LED group,
The LED group includes a predetermined number of LEDs connected in series to form a single LED unit, and the LED units are connected in parallel to each other by a predetermined number of units. It is mounted on the circuit board with high density,
The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. A straight tube type LED lighting device, wherein the direct current power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group while being set and maintained at a low value.
直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、
前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、
前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、
前記回路基板の表面に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、
前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備え、
前記LED群は、所定の同一数の複数のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを所定の複数ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、かつ、前記基体の開放部の開口面積の1平方センチメートル当たり0.8〜1.2個の範囲の実装密度となるよう前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものであり、
前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給することを特徴とする直管形LED照明装置。
A base body having a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction with a predetermined length by opening one side in the diametric direction, and an open part having a predetermined opening area in the open part on the one side in the diametric direction;
A translucent cover attached to one side of the base in the diameter direction so as to cover the entire open portion of the base;
A circuit board mounted inside the open portion of the base body and extending over the entire length of the open portion;
LED groups consisting of a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board;
A power supply circuit that drives and emits LEDs of the LED group,
The LED group includes a predetermined number of LEDs connected in series to form a single LED unit, and the LED units are connected in parallel to each other by a predetermined number of units, and the base is opened. The LED is mounted on the circuit board at a high density so as to have a mounting density in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 per square centimeter of the opening area of the part,
The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. A straight tube type LED lighting device, wherein the direct current power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group while being set and maintained at a low value.
管長1200mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置であって、
直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、
前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、
前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、
前記回路基板の表面に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、
前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備え、
前記LED群は、12個のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを22ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものであり、
前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給することを特徴とする直管形LED照明装置。
A straight tube type LED lighting device of a tube length of 1200 mm,
A base body having a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction with a predetermined length by opening one side in the diametric direction, and an open part having a predetermined opening area in the open part on the one side in the diametric direction;
A translucent cover attached to one side of the base in the diameter direction so as to cover the entire open portion of the base;
A circuit board mounted inside the open portion of the base body and extending over the entire length of the open portion;
LED groups consisting of a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board;
A power supply circuit that drives and emits LEDs of the LED group,
The LED group is composed of 12 LEDs connected in series to form one LED unit, and only 22 units of the LED units are connected in parallel to each other, and the LEDs are mounted on the circuit board at a high density. Is,
The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. A straight tube type LED lighting device, wherein the direct current power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group while being set and maintained at a low value.
管長600mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置であって、
直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、
前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、
前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、
前記回路基板の表面に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、
前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備え、
前記LED群は、12個のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを10ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものであり、
前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給することを特徴とする直管形LED照明装置。
A straight tube type LED lighting device of a tube length type of 600 mm,
A base body having a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction with a predetermined length by opening one side in the diametric direction, and an open part having a predetermined opening area in the open part on the one side in the diametric direction;
A translucent cover attached to one side of the base in the diameter direction so as to cover the entire open portion of the base;
A circuit board mounted inside the open portion of the base body and extending over the entire length of the open portion;
LED groups consisting of a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board;
A power supply circuit that drives and emits LEDs of the LED group,
The LED group is composed of 12 LEDs connected in series to form one LED unit, and only 10 units of the LED units are connected in parallel to each other, and the LEDs are mounted on the circuit board at a high density. Is,
The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. A straight tube type LED lighting device, wherein the direct current power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group while being set and maintained at a low value.
管長2400mmタイプの直管形LED照明装置であって、
直径方向の一側を開放して所定長で軸方向に延びる略半筒状をなすと共に、前記直径方向の一側の開放した部分を所定の開口面積を有する開放部とした基体と、
前記基体の開放部の全体を覆うよう前記基体の直径方向の一側に装着される透光カバーと、
前記基体の開放部の内側に装着されて前記開放部の全長にわたって延びる回路基板と、
前記回路基板の表面に実装される一群のLEDからなるLED群と、
前記LED群のLEDを発光駆動する電源回路とを備え、
前記LED群は、14個のLEDを直列接続して一つのLEDユニットを構成すると共に、当該LEDユニットを56ユニットだけ互いに並列接続して構成され、前記LEDを前記回路基板に高密度で実装したものであり、
前記電源回路は、前記LED群の各LEDを発光駆動すべく、所定の電圧範囲の駆動電圧で所定の電流範囲の駆動電流からなる直流電力を前記LED群の各LEDに供給すると共に、前記高密度で実装した前記LED群からの発熱による当該LED群のLEDへの熱的影響を補償するように、前記LEDの駆動電流の電流範囲を当該LEDに固有の実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値に設定及び維持して、前記直流電力を前記LED群のLEDに供給することを特徴とする直管形LED照明装置。
It is a straight tube type LED lighting device of tube length 2400mm type,
A base body having a substantially semi-cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction with a predetermined length by opening one side in the diametric direction, and an open part having a predetermined opening area in the open part on the one side in the diametric direction;
A translucent cover attached to one side of the base in the diameter direction so as to cover the entire open portion of the base;
A circuit board mounted inside the open portion of the base body and extending over the entire length of the open portion;
LED groups consisting of a group of LEDs mounted on the surface of the circuit board;
A power supply circuit that drives and emits LEDs of the LED group,
The LED group is composed of 14 LEDs connected in series to form one LED unit, and only 56 units of the LED units are connected in parallel to each other, and the LEDs are mounted on the circuit board at a high density. Is,
The power supply circuit supplies, to the LEDs in the LED group, DC power including a driving current in a predetermined current range with a driving voltage in a predetermined voltage range to drive each LED in the LED group to emit light. The current range of the drive current of the LED is less than the lower limit value of the practical current range specific to the LED so as to compensate for the thermal influence on the LED of the LED group due to heat generation from the LED group mounted at a density. A straight tube type LED lighting device, wherein the direct current power is supplied to the LEDs of the LED group while being set and maintained at a low value.
前記LEDは、順方向電圧範囲が2.8V〜3.5V(I=20mA)の範囲で、前記実用的電流範囲が20mA〜30mAの範囲である表面実装型LEDからなり、
前記電源回路は、前記駆動電圧の電圧範囲が40V〜48Vの範囲となるよう、かつ、前記駆動電流の電流範囲が前記LEDの実用的電流範囲の下限値よりも低い値となるように、前記駆動電力を前記LED群の各LEDユニットに供給することを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項記載の直管形LED照明装置。
The LED is a surface-mount type LED having a forward voltage range of 2.8V to 3.5V (I F = 20 mA) and the practical current range of 20 mA to 30 mA.
The power supply circuit is configured so that the voltage range of the drive voltage is in a range of 40V to 48V, and the current range of the drive current is lower than a lower limit value of a practical current range of the LED. The straight tube type LED lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein driving power is supplied to each LED unit of the LED group.
前記透光カバーは、前記基体の開口部に対応する長尺の半円筒状をなす透光材料からなり、その外面を単純な断面半円状の平滑面とする一方で、その内面を凸部及び凹部からなる凹凸面とし、
前記透光カバーの内面の凸部の表面形状は、所定湾曲率で所定角度だけ延びる円弧状とされ、同一形状の所定の複数の凸部が、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向に沿って一定間隔で並列配置されて、隣接する前記凸部間に、それぞれ、対応する略V字形状の前記凹部が形成されたものである請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項記載の直管形LED照明装置。
The translucent cover is made of a translucent material having a long semi-cylindrical shape corresponding to the opening of the base, and its outer surface is a smooth surface having a simple semicircular cross section, while its inner surface is a convex portion. And an uneven surface consisting of recesses,
The surface shape of the convex portion on the inner surface of the translucent cover is an arc shape extending at a predetermined angle with a predetermined curvature, and a plurality of predetermined convex portions having the same shape extend along the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover. The straight tube LED according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the concave portions each having a substantially V-shape are formed between the adjacent convex portions arranged in parallel at regular intervals. Lighting device.
前記LED群の各LEDは、発光強度半値幅が約120度の指向特性を有するものであり、前記LED群のLEDは、前記回路基板の幅方向中央に一列で配置されており、
前記一列で配置されたLEDの各々の発光面から放射される光における前記指向特性の左右両側の60度の位置が、それぞれ、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向両端側の凸部に対応して位置するよう、前記LEDの発光面の前記回路基板からの高さ位置と、前記透光カバーにおける周方向両端側の凸部の前記回路基板からの高さ位置とが設定されていることを特徴とする請求項7記載の直管形LED照明装置。
Each LED in the LED group has a directional characteristic with a light emission intensity half width of about 120 degrees, and the LEDs in the LED group are arranged in a line in the center in the width direction of the circuit board,
The positions of 60 degrees on both the left and right sides of the directivity in the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces of the LEDs arranged in a row correspond to the convex portions on both ends in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover. The height position from the circuit board of the light emitting surface of the LED and the height position from the circuit board of the convex portions on both ends in the circumferential direction of the translucent cover are set. 8. The straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 7, wherein
前記LED群の各LEDは、発光強度半値幅が約120度の指向特性を有するものであり、前記LED群のLEDは、前記回路基板の幅方向に二列となるよう、かつ、各列が平行となるよう配置されており、
前記二列で配置されたLEDにおいて、幅方向一側の列のLEDの発光面から放射される光における前記指向特性の一方側の60度の位置が、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向一端側の凸部に対応して位置するよう、当該幅方向一側の列のLEDの発光面の高さ位置と、前記透光カバーにおける周方向の一端側の凸部の高さ位置とが設定されると共に、幅方向他側の列のLEDの発光面から放射される光における前記指向特性の他方側の60度の位置が、前記透光カバーの内面の周方向他側の凸部に対応して位置するよう、当該幅方向他側の列のLEDの発光面の高さ位置と、前記透光カバーにおける周方向の他端側の凸部の高さ位置とが設定されていることを特徴とする請求項7記載の直管形LED照明装置。
Each LED of the LED group has a directivity characteristic with a light emission intensity half width of about 120 degrees, and the LEDs of the LED group are arranged in two rows in the width direction of the circuit board, and each row has Are arranged in parallel,
In the LEDs arranged in the two rows, a position of 60 degrees on one side of the directivity in the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces of the LEDs on one side in the width direction is one end in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover. The height position of the light emitting surface of the LED in the row on the one side in the width direction and the height position of the convex portion on one end side in the circumferential direction in the translucent cover are set so as to correspond to the convex portion on the side In addition, the position of 60 degrees on the other side of the directivity in the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces of the LEDs on the other side in the width direction corresponds to the convex portion on the other side in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the translucent cover. The height position of the light emitting surface of the LED in the other row in the width direction and the height position of the convex portion on the other end side in the circumferential direction in the translucent cover are set so as to be 8. The straight tube LED lighting device according to claim 7, wherein
前記LED群の各LEDは、発光強度半値幅が約120度の指向特性を有するものであり、
前記LEDの発光表面の高さ位置は、前記回路基板の表面に実装される他の電子部品よりも高い位置であって、かつ、前記基体の開口部の開口端よりも低い位置に設定され、
前記LEDの発光表面高さ位置は、前記LEDの指向特性において、当該LEDが発光して光線を放射したときに、前記指向特性の左右両側の60度の位置が、それぞれ、前記基体の開口部の開口端の位置と同等の位置にくるように設定され、
前記透光カバーは、周方向に凸部及び凹部を連続的に形成した断面形状であり、かつ、当該凸部及び凹部が、それぞれ、前記透光カバーの長さ方向に連続する凸形状及び凹形状であり、前記凸部及び凹部の数は、それぞれ、前記LEDの指向特性の左右両側の60度の位置が、それぞれ、最も外側の凸部または凹部に重なるよう、前記凸部及び凹部の位置が設定されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項記載の直管形LED照明装置。
Each LED of the LED group has a directivity characteristic with a light emission intensity half width of about 120 degrees,
The height position of the light emitting surface of the LED is a position higher than other electronic components mounted on the surface of the circuit board, and is set to a position lower than the opening end of the opening of the base,
The light emitting surface height position of the LED in the directivity characteristics of the LED is that the positions of 60 degrees on both the left and right sides of the directivity characteristics when the LED emits light and emits light rays respectively. Is set to be equivalent to the position of the open end of
The translucent cover has a cross-sectional shape in which convex portions and concave portions are continuously formed in the circumferential direction, and the convex portions and concave portions are respectively convex and concave portions that are continuous in the length direction of the translucent cover. The number of the convex portions and the concave portions is the position of the convex portions and the concave portions so that the positions of 60 degrees on both the left and right sides of the directivity of the LED overlap the outermost convex portions or the concave portions, respectively. Is set, The straight tube | pipe type LED lighting apparatus of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 6 characterized by the above-mentioned.
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