JP2013094636A - Safety device for wheelchair - Google Patents

Safety device for wheelchair Download PDF

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JP2013094636A
JP2013094636A JP2011250130A JP2011250130A JP2013094636A JP 2013094636 A JP2013094636 A JP 2013094636A JP 2011250130 A JP2011250130 A JP 2011250130A JP 2011250130 A JP2011250130 A JP 2011250130A JP 2013094636 A JP2013094636 A JP 2013094636A
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wheelchair
rotating roller
wheel
roller
safety device
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Yuji Hashimoto
裕司 橋本
Norihiko Oshiro
徳彦 大城
Masaya Noda
匡也 野田
Hayato Iwamuro
迅登 岩室
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HASHIMOTO ENGINEERING KK
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HASHIMOTO ENGINEERING KK
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a wheelchair from moving back even when a traveling road is an uphill.SOLUTION: For a safety device for a wheelchair, a support means is attached to a frame of the wheelchair, and a rotating roller incorporating a one-way clutch in the support means is attached to the outer circumference of a wheel so as to be brought into press contact with or to be separated from it. When the one-way clutch brings the rotating roller into press contact with the outer circumferential part of the wheel, the wheel can be rotated in an advancing direction of the wheelchair but cannot be rotated in a backward direction. Also, a rotation stop means for stopping the rotation of the rotating roller in the state of bringing the rotating roller into press contact with the outer circumferential part of the wheel is attached.

Description

本発明は、老人、障害者、疾病患者等が車いすのシート部に着座し、そのシート部の側方の車輪を手動で回転させることにより走行を行う車いすの走行安全装置に関するものである。  The present invention relates to a traveling safety device for a wheelchair in which an elderly person, a disabled person, a sick patient or the like sits on a seat portion of a wheelchair and travels by manually rotating a side wheel of the seat portion.

従来、この種の車いすは車体フレームの上方にシート部を架設し、その両側に走行車輪となる車輪を装着し、さらに、この車輪の側方に着座者自身が手で押し回し走行可能にしたハンドリングを装着するとともに、車体フレームの前方にはキャスター車輪と足掛け用のフットレストを、また、後部には介助者が走行操作可能にハンドルグリップを設けて構成されている。  Conventionally, this type of wheelchair has a seat mounted on the upper part of the body frame, wheels on both sides of the seat are mounted, and a seated person can manually push the wheel to the side of this wheel to run. In addition to the handling, the vehicle body frame is provided with caster wheels and footrests for footrests, and the rear portion is provided with a handle grip so that an assistant can run.

そして、この車いすを着座者自身によって走行させる場合には、着座者が両腕を広げて車輪の側方にあるハンドリングを手で押し回すことによって、前進又は後退走行が行われる。  When the wheelchair is run by the seated person himself, the seated person spreads his arms and pushes the handling on the side of the wheel by hand to move forward or backward.

しかしながら、このような車いすにあっては着座者が両腕を延ばし、広げた状態で、かつ、車輪の外周部を越えその側方にあるハンドリングを握って、その両腕を前後に振りかざすような格好で車いすの前後進動作を行うため、垂直に腕を上下動する動作以上に労力を必要とし、特に、老人や子供など体力のない者が操作するには多大な労力と疲労を伴うものである。  However, in such a wheelchair, the seated person extends both arms, spreads out, and grips the handling on the side beyond the outer periphery of the wheel, and swings both arms back and forth. Because it moves forward and backward in a wheelchair, it requires more labor than moving the arm vertically up and down, especially for those who do not have physical strength, such as elderly people and children, which involves a lot of labor and fatigue is there.

特に、登り板などの傾斜面のある走行路の場合は平坦路以上に労力の負担となり、例えば、傾斜面の途中で一旦休息を取ろうとする場合には、手元又は足元のブレーキを操作しまたはハンドリングを手で押さえながら休息することが必要であった。このため、体力の消耗も激しく、誤ってハンドリングの握り手を放した場合には逆走する危険があった。  In particular, in the case of a traveling road with an inclined surface such as a climbing plate, it is more labor-intensive than a flat road.For example, when trying to take a rest in the middle of an inclined surface, the brake on the hand or foot is operated or It was necessary to rest while holding the handling by hand. For this reason, the exhaustion of the physical strength was severe, and there was a risk of reverse running when the handling hand was accidentally released.

このような車いすの逆送の対策として、車体フレームの一部位に足踏み式又は手動操作式のパーキングブレーキを設けたものや、特公昭５８−３００５３号公報に示されるような、車輪を支持するホイールハブに逆走防止用の一方向クラッチを組み込んだものが提案されている。  As a countermeasure against such a wheelchair reverse feed, a stepping or manually operated parking brake is provided at one part of the body frame, or a wheel that supports a wheel as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-30053. A hub in which a one-way clutch for preventing reverse running is incorporated has been proposed.

しかしながら、これらはいずれも車いすの製造当初から車輪の軸に一方向クラッチを組み込む構造であるので、このような安全装置を持たない既存の車いすや簡易機能の車いすに装着しょうとすると、車いすの構造を大幅に変更しなければならず、既存の車いすに上記のような安全装置を新たに組み込むことは実質的には不可能であった。  However, since these are structures in which a one-way clutch is incorporated into the wheel shaft from the beginning of wheelchair manufacture, the structure of a wheelchair is intended to be installed in an existing wheelchair without a safety device or a simple function wheelchair. Therefore, it was practically impossible to newly incorporate such a safety device into an existing wheelchair.

特公昭５８−３００５３号公報Japanese Patent Publication No.58-30053

本発明は以上の点に鑑みてなされたもので、本発明の課題は、既存の車いすにも容易に装着でき、しかも、着座者が傾斜面のある走行路途中でそのまま手を離して一時的に休息する場合であっても、車いすの逆走を防止でき、かつ、着座者自身の体力に合わせて回転停止手段によりその回転ローラの回転を停止させることができるようにした車いすの走行安全装置を提供することである。  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the problem of the present invention is that it can be easily attached to an existing wheelchair, and the seated person temporarily removes his / her hand in the course of the inclined road. The wheelchair traveling safety device can prevent the wheelchair from running backwards even when resting, and the rotation stopping means can stop the rotation of the rotating roller according to the physical strength of the seated person. Is to provide.

上記の課題を達成するため、本発明のうち請求項１は、車いすのフレームに支持手段を取付け、その支持手段に一方向クラッチを内蔵した回転ローラを車輪の外周部に圧接もしくは離反可能に取付けた車いすの走行安全装置において、その一方向クラッチがその回転ローラを車輪の外周部に圧接したときに、その車輪が車いすの前進方向に回転可能であって、後退方向には回転不可能であるとともに、その回転ローラの回転を停止させる回転停止手段を設けたことを特徴とする車いすの走行安全装置を提供する。  In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a support means is attached to a wheelchair frame, and a rotating roller incorporating a one-way clutch is attached to the support means so as to be capable of being pressed against or separated from the outer periphery of the wheel. In a wheelchair traveling safety device, when the one-way clutch presses the rotating roller against the outer periphery of the wheel, the wheel can rotate in the forward direction of the wheelchair and cannot rotate in the reverse direction. In addition, a wheelchair traveling safety device is provided, which is provided with rotation stopping means for stopping the rotation of the rotating roller.

また、上記の課題を達成するため、本発明のうち請求項２は、その回転ローラはその支持手段にリンク機構を介して支持されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車いすの走行安全装置を提供する。  In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, the rotating roller is supported by the supporting means via a link mechanism. Provide safety devices.

また、上記の課題を達成するため、本発明のうち請求項３は、その回転停止手段はそのリンク機構に取付けられていることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の車いすの走行安全装置を提供する。  In order to achieve the above object, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a traveling safety device for a wheelchair according to claim 2, wherein the rotation stopping means is attached to the link mechanism. To do.

また、上記の課題を達成するため、本発明のうち請求項４は、その一方向クラッチはその回転ローラの中央部にその支持手段に支持された固定軸を配置し、その固定軸側に内筒を回転ローラ側に外筒をそれぞれ固着配置し、その内筒とその外筒との間に仕切部材を放射状に分散配置させてミニローラ収容室を形成し、各ミニローラ収容室にミニローラをそれぞれ収容し、そのミニローラ収容室の外筒側の内筒に対面する内壁面を、回転ローラの回転方向に対して傾斜する傾斜面とし、その傾斜面は、それぞれミニローラがその傾斜面と内筒との間に挟まれて拘束される拘束傾斜面部と、その拘束傾斜面部と反対側で傾斜面と内筒との間において拘束されない非拘束傾斜面部とが形成されたことを特徴とする請求項１，２または３に記載の車いすの走行安全装置を提供する。  In order to achieve the above object, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the one-way clutch, a fixed shaft supported by the supporting means is disposed at the center of the rotating roller, and the one-way clutch is disposed on the fixed shaft side. The outer cylinder is fixedly arranged on the rotating roller side of the cylinder, and the partition members are radially distributed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to form the mini roller housing chamber, and the mini roller is accommodated in each mini roller housing chamber. The inner wall surface facing the inner cylinder on the outer cylinder side of the mini roller housing chamber is an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the rotation direction of the rotating roller, and the inclined surface is formed between the inclined surface and the inner cylinder. A restraint inclined surface portion sandwiched between and constrained, and an unconstrained inclined surface portion that is not restrained between the inclined surface and the inner cylinder on the opposite side of the restraint inclined surface portion. Wheelchair described in 2 or 3 To provide the traveling safety device.

請求項１に係る車いすの走行安全装置によれば、既存の車いすや簡易機能の車いすに対しても容易に装着可能であるとともに、着座者が走行路の上り坂途中で一時休息する場合、そのままハンドリングの握り手を放しても車いすが逆走する心配がなく安全であり、再度走行を開始する場合であっても、ブレーキ解除のための何の操作も必要なく、そのまま再度の走行を開始することができるものである。  According to the driving safety device for a wheelchair according to claim 1, it can be easily attached to an existing wheelchair or a wheelchair having a simple function, and when the seated person temporarily rests on the way uphill of the traveling road, Even if you release the handgrip of handling, the wheelchair is safe without worrying about reverse running, and even if you start running again, you do not need to perform any operation to release the brake and start running again It is something that can be done.

さらに、その回転ローラの回転を停止させる回転停止手段を設けたので、従来の装置のように車輪に直接停止部材を接触させる構造のものに比べて、回転ローラを車輪の外周部に圧接した状態でその回転ローラの回転を停止させることができるので、車輪の停止手段を小型化させることができるものである。  Furthermore, since the rotation stopping means for stopping the rotation of the rotating roller is provided, the rotating roller is in pressure contact with the outer peripheral portion of the wheel as compared with the conventional structure in which the stopping member is brought into contact with the wheel. Since the rotation of the rotating roller can be stopped, the wheel stopping means can be reduced in size.

また、請求項２に係る車いすの走行安全装置によれば、車いすの走行安全装置の性能を向上させることができるものである。  Moreover, according to the wheelchair traveling safety device of the second aspect, the performance of the wheelchair traveling safety device can be improved.

また、請求項３に係る車いすの走行安全装置によれば、車いすの走行安全装置を小型化することができるものである。  According to the wheelchair traveling safety device of the third aspect, the wheelchair traveling safety device can be downsized.

また、請求項４に係る車いすの走行安全装置によれば、車いすの走行安全装置を小型化することができるとともに騒音の少ない装置を提供できるものである。  According to the wheelchair traveling safety device of the fourth aspect, the wheelchair traveling safety device can be miniaturized and a device with less noise can be provided.

図１は、本発明に係る第１の実施例を示した走行安全装置を取付けた車いすの側面図である。FIG. 1 is a side view of a wheelchair equipped with a traveling safety device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、図１に係る走行安全装置の要部断面正面図で、（ａ）は回転ローラを車輪から離反した状態を示し、（ｂ）は回転ローラを車輪に圧接した状態を示すものである。2 is a cross-sectional front view of the main part of the travel safety device according to FIG. 1, in which (a) shows a state where the rotating roller is separated from the wheel, and (b) shows a state where the rotating roller is pressed against the wheel. is there. 図３は、本発明の一方向クラッチの要部断面図で、（ａ）は回転ローラの回転を拘束した状態を示し、（ｂ）は回転ローラの回転を許容した状態を示すものである。3A and 3B are cross-sectional views of the main part of the one-way clutch of the present invention, in which FIG. 3A shows a state where the rotation of the rotating roller is restrained, and FIG. 3B shows a state where the rotation of the rotating roller is allowed. 図４は、本発明に係る第２の実施例を示した回転ローラの回転停止手段の要部断面図であり、（ａ）は回転ローラ押圧部が回転ローラから離反した状態を示し、（ｂ）は回転ローラ押圧部が回転ローラに圧接した状態を示すものである。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the rotation stop means of the rotary roller according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 (a) shows a state where the rotary roller pressing portion is separated from the rotary roller. ) Shows a state in which the rotating roller pressing portion is in pressure contact with the rotating roller. 図５は、本発明に係る第３の実施例として回転ローラの回転停止手段を示したもので、（ａ）は回転ローラの回転が停止された状態を示す要部断面正面図、（ｂ）は要部側面図、（ｃ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ断面図、（ｄ）は（ｂ）のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。FIG. 5 shows a rotation stop means of a rotating roller as a third embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 5 (a) is a cross-sectional front view of an essential part showing a state in which the rotation of the rotating roller is stopped. (C) is AA sectional drawing of (a), (d) is BB sectional drawing of (b).

続いて、本発明の実施の形態として実施例を図１〜図５に基づいて説明する。
第一の実施例について図１、図２および図３に基づいて説明する。本実施形態に係る車いす１は、着座者が自分でハンドリングを操作して走行する自操型車いすである。鋼管材料を主体に組み合せて構成した車体フレーム２の上方にシート部３を設けるとともに、このシート部３はシート面３ａ、背もたれ３ｂ、ひじ掛け３ｃが形成されている。Next, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. FIG. The wheelchair 1 according to the present embodiment is a self-operated wheelchair that a seated person travels by operating the handling by himself / herself. A seat portion 3 is provided above a vehicle body frame 2 composed mainly of steel pipe materials. The seat portion 3 is formed with a seat surface 3a, a backrest 3b, and an armrest 3c.

また、車体フレーム２を間に挟んで左右対称の位置にあるフレーム枠２ａには、固定手段を介して略水平方向に突設する車軸４が支持されており、車軸４には車輪５が回転自在に枢支され、その車輪５の外端にはタイヤ６およびその車輪５のリム７と一体的にハンドリング８が取り付けられている。  An axle 4 that protrudes in a substantially horizontal direction via a fixing means is supported on a frame frame 2a that is located symmetrically with the vehicle body frame 2 in between, and a wheel 5 rotates on the axle 4. A handling 8 is attached to the outer end of the wheel 5 integrally with the tire 6 and the rim 7 of the wheel 5.

さらに、車体フレーム２の前方の両端には着座者の足かけ用のフットレスト９と補助輪となるキャスター車輪１０が設けられ、車輪５とともに車いす１の走行機能を構成している。また、車体フレーム２の後方には介助者が手押しできるようにハンドルグリップ１１が突設されている。  Further, footrests 9 for seating the occupant and caster wheels 10 serving as auxiliary wheels are provided at both front ends of the body frame 2, and the wheel 5 and the traveling function of the wheelchair 1 are configured. A handle grip 11 projects from the rear of the vehicle body frame 2 so that an assistant can manually push it.

また、車体フレーム２の前方の着座者の手元位置となる近傍の両側には車いすの逆送を防止するための走行安全装置１２が固定用ブラケット（本発明の支持手段）１３を介して着脱自在に装着されている。  Further, a traveling safety device 12 for preventing the wheelchair from being reversely fed is detachably attached to both sides in the vicinity of the hand position of the seated person in front of the body frame 2 via a fixing bracket (supporting means of the present invention) 13. It is attached to.

この固定用ブラケット１３はほぼ水平方向に長孔１４が設けられ、この長孔１４には取付け位置調整手段１５が取り付けられ、後述する回転ローラ１６と車輪５の外周部であるタイヤ６との接触状態の位置関係を調整するものである。  The fixing bracket 13 is provided with an elongated hole 14 in a substantially horizontal direction, and an attachment position adjusting means 15 is attached to the elongated hole 14, and contact between a rotating roller 16, which will be described later, and a tire 6, which is an outer peripheral portion of the wheel 5. It adjusts the positional relationship of the states.

さらに、この取付け位置調整手段１５には固定基板１７が取り付けられ、この固定基板１７の一端にはＬ字状のハンドル１８がそのＬ字状の角部に設けられた支軸１９を中心として回動可能に取付けられる。また、この固定基板１７の他端近傍に設けられた支軸２０を中心としてＳ字状に湾曲したＳ字状リンク２１が回動可能に取付けられるとともに、そのＳ字状リンク２１の他端には車軸４と軸心が平行になるように固定軸２２が突設される。  Further, a fixed substrate 17 is attached to the attachment position adjusting means 15, and an L-shaped handle 18 is rotated around one end of the fixed substrate 17 around a support shaft 19 provided at an L-shaped corner. Mounted movably. In addition, an S-shaped link 21 curved in an S-shape around a support shaft 20 provided in the vicinity of the other end of the fixed substrate 17 is rotatably attached, and the other end of the S-shaped link 21 is attached. A fixed shaft 22 is projected so that the axle 4 and the shaft center are parallel to each other.

その固定軸２２には一方向クラッチ２３が外装され、その一方向クラッチ２３の外周にはタイヤ６の外周部と接触する円筒状の回転ローラ１６が取り付けられている。その一方向クラッチ２３の詳細は後述する。さらに、その回転ローラ１６のＳ字状リンク２１側には歯車２４が固着され、その歯車２４はその回転ローラ１６の回転と連動されるものである。  A one-way clutch 23 is externally mounted on the fixed shaft 22, and a cylindrical rotating roller 16 that is in contact with the outer periphery of the tire 6 is attached to the outer periphery of the one-way clutch 23. Details of the one-way clutch 23 will be described later. Further, a gear 24 is fixed to the S-shaped link 21 side of the rotating roller 16, and the gear 24 is interlocked with the rotation of the rotating roller 16.

さらに、そのＬ字状のハンドル１８のそのハンドル部２５の反対側の先端部とそのＳ字状リンク２１の下部湾曲部２６とを結ぶ直状リンク２７が回動可能に連結されている。  Further, a straight link 27 that connects the distal end portion of the L-shaped handle 18 opposite to the handle portion 25 and the lower curved portion 26 of the S-shaped link 21 is rotatably connected.

本装置によれば、上方に突出して回動可能に設けられたＬ字状のハンドル１８と、このＬ字状のハンドル１８の動作に連動して回動するリンク機構２８、そして、そのリンク機構２８の他端に一方向クラッチ２３が内蔵された回転ローラ１６が連結されているため、そのＬ字状のハンドル１８を回動させることによりその回転ローラ１６をタイヤ６の外周部に圧接させたり、離反させたりすることができるもので、着座者がハンドル部２５を手前に引くと、その回転ローラ１６が車輪５のタイヤ６に圧接され、前方へ押し倒すとタイヤ６から離反されるようになっている。  According to the present apparatus, an L-shaped handle 18 that protrudes upward and is rotatably provided, a link mechanism 28 that rotates in conjunction with the operation of the L-shaped handle 18, and the link mechanism Since the rotating roller 16 having the one-way clutch 23 built in is connected to the other end of the wheel 28, the rotating roller 16 is brought into pressure contact with the outer peripheral portion of the tire 6 by rotating the L-shaped handle 18. When the seated person pulls the handle portion 25 toward the front, the rotating roller 16 is pressed against the tire 6 of the wheel 5, and when the seat is pushed forward, the seat is separated from the tire 6. ing.

また、図２に示すように、そのＳ字状リンク２１の下部湾曲部２６とその固定軸２２との間に取付け部２９を突設し、その取付け部２９に回転ローラ１６の回転停止手段３０を取付ける。その回転停止手段３０は、その回転停止手段３０のほぼ中央にその歯車２４に向かって往復動可能な爪３１が配置され、その爪３１を常に反歯車方向に付勢する弾性部材３２が配置され、その爪３１の反歯車側に支軸３３を中心として回動するレバー３４が設けられ、そのレバー３４は起立させるとその爪３１が歯車２４に向かって移動し、横転させるとその爪３１が歯車２４から離反するように形成されている。  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a mounting portion 29 is projected between the lower curved portion 26 of the S-shaped link 21 and the fixed shaft 22, and the rotation stopping means 30 of the rotating roller 16 is provided on the mounting portion 29. Install. The rotation stopping means 30 is provided with a claw 31 capable of reciprocating toward the gear 24 at an approximate center of the rotation stopping means 30 and an elastic member 32 that constantly urges the claw 31 in the counter gear direction. A lever 34 that rotates about the support shaft 33 is provided on the counter gear side of the claw 31. When the lever 34 is raised, the claw 31 moves toward the gear 24, and when the lever 34 rolls over, the claw 31 is moved. It is formed so as to be separated from the gear 24.

したがって、そのレバー３４を起立させるとその爪３１がその歯車２４の歯と噛み合って歯車２４の回転が停止されるとともにその回転ローラ１６の回転も停止する。逆に、そのレバー３４を横転させるとその爪３１がその歯車２４の歯から離反し歯車２４およびその回転ローラ１６の回転を拘束しない状態となるものである。  Therefore, when the lever 34 is raised, the claw 31 meshes with the teeth of the gear 24 to stop the rotation of the gear 24 and the rotation of the rotating roller 16. On the contrary, when the lever 34 is turned over, the claw 31 is separated from the teeth of the gear 24 so that the rotation of the gear 24 and the rotating roller 16 is not restrained.

次に、一方向クラッチ２３について説明する。図２および図３に示すように、その一方向クラッチ２３は、そのＳ字状リンク２１の他端に突設されたその固定軸２２の外周面３５とその回転ローラ１６の内周面３６との間にそれぞれ固着されており、その外周面３５側に一方向クラッチ２３の内筒３７を、その回転ローラ１６の内周面３６側に一方向クラッチ２３の外筒３８をそれぞれ固着配置し、その内筒３７とその外筒３８との間に仕切部材３９を放射状に分散配置させてミニローラ収容室４０を形成する。そして、各ミニローラ収容室４０にミニローラ４１がその固定軸２２の軸心とそのミニローラ４１の軸心が平行となるようにそれぞれ収容される。  Next, the one-way clutch 23 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the one-way clutch 23 includes an outer peripheral surface 35 of the fixed shaft 22 protruding from the other end of the S-shaped link 21 and an inner peripheral surface 36 of the rotating roller 16. The inner cylinder 37 of the one-way clutch 23 is fixedly disposed on the outer peripheral surface 35 side, and the outer cylinder 38 of the one-way clutch 23 is fixedly disposed on the inner peripheral surface 36 side of the rotating roller 16, respectively. Partition members 39 are radially distributed between the inner cylinder 37 and the outer cylinder 38 to form the mini roller housing chamber 40. The mini roller 41 is accommodated in each mini roller accommodating chamber 40 so that the axis of the fixed shaft 22 and the axis of the mini roller 41 are parallel to each other.

そのミニローラ収容室４０の外筒３８側の内筒３７に対面する内壁面４２を、その回転ローラ１６の回転方向に対して傾斜する傾斜面４３とし、その傾斜面４３は、それぞれミニローラ４１がその傾斜面４３とその内筒３７との間に挟まれて拘束される拘束傾斜面部４４と、その拘束傾斜面部４４と反対側でその傾斜面４３とその内筒３７との間において拘束されない非拘束傾斜面部４５とが形成される。  The inner wall surface 42 facing the inner cylinder 37 on the outer cylinder 38 side of the mini roller housing chamber 40 is an inclined surface 43 that is inclined with respect to the rotation direction of the rotating roller 16, and each of the inclined surfaces 43 is formed by the mini roller 41. A restraint sloped surface portion 44 sandwiched and restrained between the sloped surface 43 and the inner cylinder 37, and a non-restraint not restrained between the sloped surface 43 and the inner cylinder 37 on the opposite side of the restraint sloped surface portion 44. An inclined surface portion 45 is formed.

また、その仕切部材３９にはそのミニローラ４１を常にその拘束傾斜面部４４側に付勢させるため、その非拘束傾斜面部４５側に板ばね４６が配置されている。  In addition, a leaf spring 46 is disposed on the non-constrained inclined surface portion 45 side of the partition member 39 in order to always bias the mini roller 41 toward the restrained inclined surface portion 44 side.

次に、その一方向クラッチ２３を、図１に示すようにその回転ローラ１６が車輪５のタイヤ６に圧接された状態として説明する。図３に示すように、その内筒３７とその外筒３８の間に配置されたミニローラ４１が、その回転ローラ１６および外筒３８の回転方向により、ミニローラ収容室４０内の位置をその回転ローラ１６および外筒３８の回転方向に変化するものである。  Next, the one-way clutch 23 will be described as a state in which the rotating roller 16 is pressed against the tire 6 of the wheel 5 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the mini roller 41 disposed between the inner cylinder 37 and the outer cylinder 38 is positioned in the mini roller housing chamber 40 according to the rotation direction of the rotating roller 16 and the outer cylinder 38. 16 and the outer cylinder 38 change in the rotation direction.

図３（ａ）に示すように、そのミニローラ４１がその拘束傾斜面部４４に位置するときは、その内筒３７とその外筒３８に挟まれてその外筒３８およびその回転ローラ１６の回転を拘束させ、その回転ローラ１６の回転を制動停止し、その回転ローラ１６がその車輪５のタイヤ６に圧接されているため、その車輪５も制動停止される。  As shown in FIG. 3A, when the mini-roller 41 is positioned on the constraining inclined surface 44, the outer cylinder 38 and the rotary roller 16 are rotated by being sandwiched between the inner cylinder 37 and the outer cylinder 38. The rotation of the rotating roller 16 is stopped by braking, and the rotating roller 16 is pressed against the tire 6 of the wheel 5, so that the wheel 5 is also stopped.

また、図３（ｂ）に示すように、そのミニローラ４１がその非拘束傾斜面部４５に位置するときは、その内筒３７とその外筒３８との間にありながら双方からの拘束がないため、その外筒３８およびその回転ローラ１６の回転は拘束されず自由に回転可能となるものであり、その車輪５も前進方向に回転自由となるものである。  Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the mini roller 41 is positioned on the unconstrained inclined surface portion 45, there is no restraint from both while being between the inner cylinder 37 and the outer cylinder 38. The rotation of the outer cylinder 38 and the rotating roller 16 is not restricted and can be freely rotated, and the wheel 5 is also freely rotatable in the forward direction.

次に、本発明の装置におけるその回転ローラ１６の回転を停止させる回転停止手段３０に係る第２の実施例を図４に基づいて説明する。なお、第１の実施例において示された固定基板１７に取付けられたリンク機構２８は第２の実施例と同様であるので説明を省略する。第２の実施例は、そのＳ字状リンク２１の先端に一方向クラッチ２３を内蔵した回転ローラ１６が取り付けられ、そのタイヤに押圧された状態である。  Next, a second embodiment of the rotation stopping means 30 for stopping the rotation of the rotating roller 16 in the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the link mechanism 28 attached to the fixed substrate 17 shown in the first embodiment is the same as that in the second embodiment, so that the description thereof is omitted. In the second embodiment, a rotating roller 16 incorporating a one-way clutch 23 is attached to the tip of the S-shaped link 21 and pressed against the tire.

図４（ａ）に示すように、そのＳ字状リンク２１の下部湾曲部２６には、係止突起４７、４７が突設され、その係止突起４７，４７にはその回転ローラ１６の上方まで延びる回転ローラ押圧用板ばね４８の一端が掛け止められ、その回転ローラ押圧用板ばね４８の他端には断面が円形状に湾曲成形された回転ローラ押圧部４９が設けられ、この回転ローラ押圧用板ばね４８は常にその回転ローラ１６から離反する方向に付勢される。また、その下部湾曲部２６には、その回転ローラ押圧部４９に併設して回転軸５０が設けられ、その回転軸５０には押圧板５１が固着される。  As shown in FIG. 4A, the lower curved portion 26 of the S-shaped link 21 is provided with locking projections 47, 47 protruding above the rotating roller 16. One end of a rotating roller pressing leaf spring 48 extending to the other end of the rotating roller pressing leaf spring 48 is provided, and the other end of the rotating roller pressing leaf spring 48 is provided with a rotating roller pressing portion 49 having a circular cross section. The pressing leaf spring 48 is always biased in a direction away from the rotating roller 16. The lower bending portion 26 is provided with a rotating shaft 50 in parallel with the rotating roller pressing portion 49, and a pressing plate 51 is fixed to the rotating shaft 50.

次に、本実施例の作用を説明する。図４（ａ）に示すように、この押圧仮５１が水平状態の場合は、回転ローラ押圧部４９はその回転ローラ１６から離反された状態となり、その回転ローラ１６は内蔵された一方向クラッチ２３の作用により、車いすの車輪５は前進方向には回転するものの後退方向には回転しない。  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 4A, when the temporary pressing 51 is in a horizontal state, the rotary roller pressing portion 49 is separated from the rotary roller 16, and the rotary roller 16 is built in the one-way clutch 23. As a result, the wheel 5 of the wheelchair rotates in the forward direction but does not rotate in the backward direction.

さらに、図４（ｂ）に示すように、この押圧板５１が垂直状態に回転されると、その押圧板５１によりその回転ローラ押圧部４９が下方に移動し、その回転ローラ１６を押圧し回転ローラ１６の回転を停止させる。このため、車いすの車輪５は前進方向にも後退方向にも回転しない状態となる。  Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the pressing plate 51 is rotated in a vertical state, the rotating roller pressing portion 49 is moved downward by the pressing plate 51 and rotates by pressing the rotating roller 16. The rotation of the roller 16 is stopped. For this reason, the wheel 5 of a wheelchair will be in the state which does not rotate neither a forward direction nor a reverse direction.

次に、本発明の装置におけるその回転ローラ１６の回転を停止させる回転停止手段３０に係る第３の実施例を図５に基づいて説明する。なお、第１の実施例において示された固定基板１７に取付けられたリンク機構２８は第３の実施例と同様であるので説明を省略する。第３の実施例も、そのＳ字状リンク２１の先端に一方向クラッチ２３を内蔵した回転ローラ１６が取り付けられ、そのタイヤ６に押圧された状態である。  Next, a third embodiment of the rotation stopping means 30 for stopping the rotation of the rotating roller 16 in the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the link mechanism 28 attached to the fixed substrate 17 shown in the first embodiment is the same as that in the third embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted. In the third embodiment, the rotating roller 16 having the one-way clutch 23 built in is attached to the tip of the S-shaped link 21 and is pressed against the tire 6.

図５（ａ）に示すように、そのＳ字状リンク２１の先端部に車輪５の車軸４と平行な軸心を持つ固定軸２２（図示せず）が固着され、その固定軸２２に一方向クラッチ２３（図示せず）の内筒３７（図示せず）が固着され、その一方向クラッチ２３の外筒３８に回転ローラ１６が固着されるとともに、その回転ローラ１６にはそのＳ字状リンク２１側に円板状フランジ５２が固着される。  As shown in FIG. 5 (a), a fixed shaft 22 (not shown) having an axis parallel to the axle 4 of the wheel 5 is fixed to the distal end portion of the S-shaped link 21, and is fixed to the fixed shaft 22. An inner cylinder 37 (not shown) of the directional clutch 23 (not shown) is fixed, and the rotating roller 16 is fixed to the outer cylinder 38 of the one-way clutch 23, and the rotating roller 16 has an S-shape. A disc-shaped flange 52 is fixed to the link 21 side.

さらに、そのＳ字状リンク２１にその円板状フランジ５２に向けて貫通口５３が設けられ、その円板状フランジ５２が回転したときに、その円板状フランジ５２とその貫通口５３とが重なる位置のその円板状フランジ５２の同心円上にその貫通口５３に向けて複数の凹部５４が設けられ、そのＳ字状リンク２１のその円板状フランジ５２の反対側の貫通口５３の周囲に筒状のケイシング５５が取付けられ、そのケイシング５５の長手方向に切欠き溝５６が形成され、その切欠き溝５６からＬ字状の回転停止部材５７の一端である挿入部５８が挿入され、その他端である回転停止用ハンドル部５９はその切欠き溝５６の外方へ起立される。  Further, the S-shaped link 21 is provided with a through-hole 53 toward the disc-shaped flange 52. When the disc-shaped flange 52 rotates, the disc-shaped flange 52 and the through-hole 53 are connected to each other. A plurality of recesses 54 are provided on the concentric circle of the disk-shaped flange 52 at the overlapping position toward the through-hole 53, and the periphery of the through-hole 53 on the opposite side of the disk-shaped flange 52 of the S-shaped link 21. A cylindrical casing 55 is attached to the casing, a notch groove 56 is formed in the longitudinal direction of the casing 55, and an insertion portion 58 that is one end of an L-shaped rotation stop member 57 is inserted from the notch groove 56. The rotation stop handle 59 which is the other end is erected outward from the notch groove 56.

さらに、図５（ｂ）および（ｃ）に示すように、その挿入部５８の先端がそのＳ字状リンク２１の肉厚の範囲内に止まる位置において、その回転停止用ハンドル部５９がその挿入部５８の軸心を中心としてほぼ９０度回動可能に、その切欠き溝５６はさらにその挿入部５８の往復移動方向と直交する方向に切欠かれ、その挿入部５８がその円板状フランジ５２の凹部５４に侵入できないようにストッパー部６０を形成している。  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, at the position where the distal end of the insertion portion 58 stops within the thickness range of the S-shaped link 21, the rotation stop handle portion 59 is inserted. The notch groove 56 is further cut away in a direction perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the insertion portion 58 so that the insertion portion 58 can rotate about 90 degrees around the axis of the portion 58, and the insertion portion 58 becomes the disc-shaped flange 52. The stopper portion 60 is formed so as not to enter the concave portion 54.

挿入部５８の後方には押圧用ばね６１が配置され、常にその回転停止部材５７を円板状フランジ５２側に付勢させている。そのため、その挿入部５８はその貫通口５３と凹部５４の位置が重なったときにその回転停止部材５７を起立させれば、挿入部５８の先端がその凹部５４に侵入し、その円板状フランジ５２およびその回転ローラ１６の回転を停止させ、車いすの車輪５を停止させる。  A pressing spring 61 is disposed behind the insertion portion 58 and always urges the rotation stop member 57 toward the disc-shaped flange 52 side. Therefore, if the rotation stop member 57 is raised when the position of the through hole 53 and the recess 54 overlaps with the insertion portion 58, the tip of the insertion portion 58 enters the recess 54, and the disc-shaped flange 52 and the rotation of the rotating roller 16 are stopped, and the wheel 5 of the wheelchair is stopped.

また、その切欠き溝５６のストッパー部６０に回転停止用ハンドル部５９を傾転させておけば、その回転ローラ１６は内蔵された一方向クラッチ２３の働きにより、車いすの車輪５は前進方向には回転するものの後退方向には回転しない状態となる。  Further, if the rotation stopping handle 59 is tilted to the stopper 60 of the notch groove 56, the rotating roller 16 is moved in the forward direction by the action of the built-in one-way clutch 23. Will rotate but not in the reverse direction.

本発明の装置を使用して車いす１を前方に進ませる場合に、ミニローラ４１が非拘束斜面部４５に位置させるように一方向クラッチ２３をセットすれば、登り坂の途中において、手を休めるためにハンドリング８から手を離しても坂下の方向へ逆送することがなく安全に使用が出来るものである。  When the wheelchair 1 is moved forward using the apparatus of the present invention, if the one-way clutch 23 is set so that the mini roller 41 is positioned on the unconstrained slope 45, the hand rests in the middle of the uphill. Even if the hand is released from the handle 8, it can be safely used without being sent back in the downhill direction.

また、ブレーキと一方向クラッチが別々に操作できるものは別として、操作性を考えて、ブレーキ、ニュートラルおよび一方向クラッチを一つのレバーにより切り換える機構のものを使用するときは、ブレーキから一方向クラッチに切り替える場合もしくはその逆の場合に、一旦ニュートラルを経由するため、上り坂でそれらの切り替えを行う場合はブレーキの利かない瞬間ができてしまうことになる。  Aside from the one that can operate the brake and the one-way clutch separately, in consideration of operability, when using a mechanism that switches the brake, neutral, and one-way clutch with one lever, the brake to the one-way clutch When switching to, or vice versa, once through neutral, when switching on an uphill, there will be a moment when the brake is not effective.

本発明の装置によれば、回転停止手段３０によりその回転ローラ１６の回転を直接停止させることができるため、ブレーキから一方向クラッチ２３への切り替えの際、もしくは一方向クラッチ２３からブレーキへの切り替えの際のいずれの場合でも、ニュートラルを経由せずに切り替えができるものである。  According to the apparatus of the present invention, the rotation of the rotating roller 16 can be directly stopped by the rotation stopping means 30. Therefore, when switching from the brake to the one-way clutch 23, or switching from the one-way clutch 23 to the brake. In either case, switching is possible without going through neutral.

また、一方向クラッチ２３において、ミニローラ４１が内筒３７および外筒３８の傾斜面４３に線接触により作用する機構を採用すれば、従来のラチェット機構タイプのものに比べ、静粛に前進や停止をすることができるものである。  Further, in the one-way clutch 23, if a mechanism in which the mini roller 41 acts on the inclined surfaces 43 of the inner cylinder 37 and the outer cylinder 38 by line contact is adopted, the forward and stop movements can be quietly performed as compared with the conventional ratchet mechanism type. Is something that can be done.

本発明は、老人、障害者、疾病患者等が車椅子のシート部に着座し、そのシート部の側方の車輪を手動で回転させることにより、傾斜面の上り坂を走行する車いすへの利用可能性がある。  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a wheelchair in which an elderly person, a disabled person, a sick patient, etc. are seated on a seat part of a wheelchair and a wheel on a side of the seat part is manually rotated to run an uphill on an inclined surface. There is sex.

１ 車いす
２ 車体フレーム
３ シート部
４ 車軸
５ 車輪
６ タイヤ
１２ 走行安全装置
１３ 固定用ブラケット（本発明の支持手段）
１６ 回転ローラ
２１ Ｓ字状リンク
２２ 固定軸
２３ 一方向クラッチ
２４ 歯車
２８ リンク機構
３０ 回転停止手段
３１ 爪
３７ 内筒
３８ 外筒
３９ 仕切部材
４０ ミニローラ収容室
４１ ミニローラ
４４ 拘束傾斜面部
４５ 非拘束傾斜面部
４６ 板ばねDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheelchair 2 Body frame 3 Seat part 4 Axle 5 Wheel 6 Tire 12 Travel safety device 13 Fixing bracket (supporting means of the present invention)
16 Rotating roller 21 S-shaped link 22 Fixed shaft 23 One-way clutch 24 Gear 28 Link mechanism 30 Rotation stop means 31 Claw 37 Inner cylinder 38 Outer cylinder 39 Partition member 40 Mini-roller storage chamber 41 Mini-roller 44 Restricted inclined surface 45 Non-restricted inclined surface 46 leaf spring

Claims (4)

車いすのフレームに支持手段を取付け、その支持手段に一方向クラッチを内蔵した回転ローラを車輪の外周部に圧接もしくは離反可能に取付けた車いすの走行安全装置において、その一方向クラッチがその回転ローラを車輪の外周部に圧接したときに、その車輪が車いすの前進方向に回転可能であって、後退方向には回転不可能であるとともに、その回転ローラの回転を停止させる回転停止手段を設けたことを特徴とする車いすの走行安全装置。In a wheelchair traveling safety device in which a supporting means is attached to a wheelchair frame and a rotating roller with a built-in one-way clutch is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the wheel so as to be capable of being pressed against or separated from the wheel, the one-way clutch supports the rotating roller. When the wheel is in pressure contact with the outer periphery of the wheel, the wheel can rotate in the forward direction of the wheelchair, cannot rotate in the backward direction, and rotation stop means is provided to stop the rotation of the rotating roller. Wheelchair travel safety device characterized by その回転ローラはその支持手段にリンク機構を介して支持されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車いすの走行安全装置。2. The wheelchair traveling safety device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating roller is supported by the supporting means via a link mechanism. その回転停止手段はそのリンク機構に取付けられていることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の車いすの走行安全装置。3. The wheelchair travel safety device according to claim 2, wherein the rotation stop means is attached to the link mechanism. その一方向クラッチはその回転ローラの中央部にその支持手段に支持された固定軸を配置し、その固定軸側に内筒を回転ローラ側に外筒をそれぞれ固着配置し、その内筒とその外筒との間に仕切部材を放射状に分散配置させてミニローラ収容室を形成し、各ミニローラ収容室にミニローラをそれぞれ収容し、そのミニローラ収容室の外筒側の内筒に対面する内壁面を、回転ローラの回転方向に対して傾斜する傾斜面とし、その傾斜面は、それぞれミニローラがその傾斜面と内筒との間に挟まれて拘束される拘束傾斜面部と、その拘束傾斜面部と反対側で傾斜面と内筒との間において拘束されない非拘束傾斜面部とが形成されたことを特徴とする請求項１，２または３に記載の車いすの走行安全装置。The one-way clutch has a fixed shaft supported by the support means at the center of the rotating roller, and an inner cylinder is fixedly disposed on the fixed shaft side and an outer cylinder is fixedly disposed on the rotating roller side. A partition member is radially distributed between the outer cylinders to form mini-roller storage chambers, mini-rollers are stored in the respective mini-roller storage chambers, and an inner wall surface facing the inner cylinder on the outer cylinder side of the mini-roller storage chambers. The inclined surface is inclined with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary roller, and the inclined surface is opposite to the restricted inclined surface portion where the mini roller is sandwiched and restrained between the inclined surface and the inner cylinder. The wheelchair traveling safety device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein an unconstrained inclined surface portion that is not constrained between the inclined surface and the inner cylinder is formed on the side.
JP2011250130A 2011-10-27 2011-10-27 Safety device for wheelchair Pending JP2013094636A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5633016B1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2014-12-03 株式会社アグメント Wheelchair brake
JP6410121B1 (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-10-24 實孝 阿多 Manual moving body with wheels

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JPS52130361U (en) * 1976-03-28 1977-10-04
JPS559973U (en) * 1978-07-05 1980-01-22
JPH11226058A (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-24 Tokuji Komatsu Driving device for wheelchair
JP2002078751A (en) * 2000-09-11 2002-03-19 Ichikoh Ind Ltd Wheelchair

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52130361U (en) * 1976-03-28 1977-10-04
JPS559973U (en) * 1978-07-05 1980-01-22
JPH11226058A (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-24 Tokuji Komatsu Driving device for wheelchair
JP2002078751A (en) * 2000-09-11 2002-03-19 Ichikoh Ind Ltd Wheelchair

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5633016B1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2014-12-03 株式会社アグメント Wheelchair brake
JP6410121B1 (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-10-24 實孝 阿多 Manual moving body with wheels
WO2019064416A1 (en) * 2017-09-28 2019-04-04 實孝 阿多 Manual wheel-attached movable body
KR20190099376A (en) * 2017-09-28 2019-08-27 사네타카 아타 Manual Wheeled Vehicle
CN110267634A (en) * 2017-09-28 2019-09-20 阿多实孝 Band uses wheel moving body manually
KR102271700B1 (en) 2017-09-28 2021-07-01 사네타카 아타 Wheeled moving body for manual operation
US11103393B2 (en) 2017-09-28 2021-08-31 Sanetaka ATA Manual movable body with wheels

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