JP2013093143A - Circuit breaker - Google Patents

Circuit breaker Download PDF

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JP2013093143A
JP2013093143A JP2011233326A JP2011233326A JP2013093143A JP 2013093143 A JP2013093143 A JP 2013093143A JP 2011233326 A JP2011233326 A JP 2011233326A JP 2011233326 A JP2011233326 A JP 2011233326A JP 2013093143 A JP2013093143 A JP 2013093143A
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contact
movable
fixed
piece
movable piece
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JP5864207B2 (en
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Toshiya Kitagawa
俊也 北川
Kota Yagi
孝太 八木
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Komatsulite Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Komatsulite Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circuit breaker capable of stably maintaining contact resistance even when such external force as to twist the circuit breaker or a terminal is applied, and to easily reduce the size of the circuit breaker.SOLUTION: A circuit breaker 1 is designed so that at least one of a movable contact 21 and a fixed contact 31 is a protrusion made of the same material as a movable piece 2 or a fixed piece 3 and has slopes inclining in a direction vertical to an extending direction of the movable piece 2 and that the other of the movable contact 21 and the fixed contact 31 is planar. The surfaces of the movable contact 21 and the fixed contact 31 are plated with silver, gold, platinum, palladium, tin or an alloy having these metals as a base material. With this structure, a contact position 3c between both contacts is not deformed by such external force T as to twist a terminal. Thus, the contact resistance of the circuit breaker 1 is stable against impact.

Description

本発明は、回路断続器に関し、特に小型のリチウムイン電池等、二次電池の安全装置に搭載され、熱応動素子の反転動作により可動接点と固定接点とを接触離反させるブレーカーに関する。   The present invention relates to a circuit interrupter, and more particularly to a breaker that is mounted on a safety device for a secondary battery such as a small lithium-in battery and that contacts and separates a movable contact and a fixed contact by a reversing operation of a thermally responsive element.

携帯電話、ノートパソコン、タブレットコンピュータ等の携帯機器に搭載される二次電池等、バッテリーパックは、過充電や過負荷、短絡による過熱を防止するため安全装置を必要とする。このような安全装置には、動作温度の帯域幅が広く精密な温度設定の可能である機械動作式の小型ブレーカーが、繰り返し使用可能で全数検査が可能であり且つ電流変化が不連続で階段的である点で、有用である。   A battery pack such as a secondary battery mounted on a portable device such as a mobile phone, a notebook computer, or a tablet computer requires a safety device to prevent overheating due to overcharge, overload, or short circuit. For such safety devices, a small mechanically operated breaker with a wide operating temperature bandwidth and precise temperature setting can be used repeatedly, 100% inspection is possible, current change is discontinuous and stepwise In that respect, it is useful.

この種のブレーカーは、一般に小型化のために図4のように、絶縁性の樹脂からなるケース6と一体的に成形され、固定接点31及び外部に突出する固定側端子32の形成された固定片3、可動接点21及び外部に突出する可動側端子22の形成された可動片2、並びに固定片3と可動片2とに挟まれ、押さえられた状態で保持された熱応動素子4及び正特性サーミスター5とで構成されている。尚、正特性サーミスターとは、電流の導通により温度及び電気抵抗を急激に増大させる発熱素子のことである。   This type of breaker is generally formed integrally with a case 6 made of an insulating resin for miniaturization, as shown in FIG. 4, and is formed with a fixed contact 31 and a fixed terminal 32 protruding outward. The movable piece 2 formed with the piece 3, the movable contact 21 and the movable terminal 22 projecting to the outside, and the thermally responsive element 4 held between the fixed piece 3 and the movable piece 2 and held in a pressed state It consists of a characteristic thermistor 5. The positive temperature coefficient thermistor is a heat generating element that rapidly increases the temperature and the electric resistance due to current conduction.

次に、動作機序について説明する。電源を切っている無通電状態又は正常に充放電が行われているときは、電流は可動片2から可動接点21及び固定接点31を介して固定片3へと流れ、熱応動素子4は図4(a)に示す通常時の状態を維持する。この状態で、熱応動素子4が反転動作を行う温度に上昇しない通常時であれば、図4(a)に示す状態を維持し、可動接点21は固定接点31に接触し続ける。電流は、低抵抗の両接点を介して可動片2及び固定片3を導通し、電気抵抗のはるかに大きい正特性サーミスター5には実質的に流れない。   Next, the operation mechanism will be described. When the power is turned off, or when charging / discharging is normally performed, current flows from the movable piece 2 to the fixed piece 3 through the movable contact 21 and the fixed contact 31, and the thermal responsive element 4 is shown in FIG. The normal state shown in 4 (a) is maintained. In this state, in a normal time when the temperature of the thermally responsive element 4 does not rise to the temperature at which the reversing operation is performed, the state shown in FIG. 4A is maintained, and the movable contact 21 continues to contact the fixed contact 31. Current flows through the movable piece 2 and the fixed piece 3 via both low-resistance contacts, and does not substantially flow through the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 5 having a much higher electric resistance.

一方、過充電、短絡等によって、ブレーカー1内部に蓄積する熱が過大になり、熱応動素子4が反転動作を行う温度に上昇する過熱時には、図4(b)に示すように、熱応動素子4が反転すると同時に該熱応動素子4の端部41が可動片2を押し上げることにより、可動接点21が固定接点31から離れ、電流は遮断する。このように両接点が離反すると、可動側端子22と固定側端子32との間の電圧が正特性サーミスター5に印加され、正特性サーミスター5は抵抗の増大と共に発熱する。したがって、熱応動素子4を元の状態に戻さない限り、正特性サーミスター5の自己発熱で熱応動素子4は反転し続け、可動片2は押し上げられ、ブレーカー1は自己保持的に電流を遮断する状態を保つ。   On the other hand, in the case of overheating in which the heat accumulated in the breaker 1 becomes excessive due to overcharge, short circuit, etc., and the thermal reaction element 4 rises to a temperature at which the inversion operation is performed, as shown in FIG. At the same time as 4 is reversed, the end 41 of the thermally responsive element 4 pushes up the movable piece 2 so that the movable contact 21 is separated from the fixed contact 31 and the current is cut off. When the two contacts are separated from each other in this way, a voltage between the movable side terminal 22 and the fixed side terminal 32 is applied to the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 5, and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 5 generates heat as the resistance increases. Therefore, unless the thermal response element 4 is returned to the original state, the thermal response element 4 continues to be reversed by the self-heating of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 5, the movable piece 2 is pushed up, and the breaker 1 cuts off the current in a self-holding manner. Keep the state to do.

尚、両接点の離反する状態から接触する状態へ復帰させる場合は、ブレーカー1を電源から切り離すか、負荷を軽減し冷却する。熱応動素子4の温度を充分に降下させれば、熱応動素子4が原形に復帰し、両接点は可動片2のバネ作用により再び接触する。   In addition, when returning from the state in which both the contacts are separated from each other to the contact state, the breaker 1 is disconnected from the power source or the load is reduced to cool. When the temperature of the thermal actuator 4 is sufficiently lowered, the thermal actuator 4 returns to its original shape, and both contacts come into contact again by the spring action of the movable piece 2.

近年、ブレーカーは、携帯機器及びこれに搭載されるバッテリーパックの小型化に伴って、同様に寸法縮小を要求されている。しかし、このような機械動作式の製品には、寸法を縮小してゆくにつれて、構造上の脆弱性も増してゆくという問題がある。例えば、二次電池の安全装置にブレーカーを組み付ける作業者がブレーカーを乱暴に取り扱うと、ブレーカーの可動接点と固定接点との接触箇所が変位し、接触抵抗が不安定となり、結果としてブレーカーの動作温度が所期のものと違ってしまうという不具合を呈することとなる。   In recent years, a breaker is required to be reduced in size in the same manner as a portable device and a battery pack mounted thereon are downsized. However, such mechanically actuated products have the problem of increasing structural vulnerability as the dimensions are reduced. For example, if an operator who installs a breaker in the safety device of a secondary battery handles the breaker roughly, the contact point between the movable contact and fixed contact of the breaker will be displaced, resulting in unstable contact resistance, resulting in the breaker operating temperature. Will show a defect that is different from the expected one.

とりわけ、端子と可動片とが一体化された形態は、外力に対して脆弱であり、当該端子の捻転を伴う作用によって可動接点と固定接点との接触箇所が変位しやすい。さらに、可動接点及び固定接点は、銀を主成分とする塊状の合金を溶接によりそれぞれ可動片及び固定片に付して形成されるのが一般的であるが、この方式では、寸法縮小に限界がある。   In particular, the form in which the terminal and the movable piece are integrated is vulnerable to external force, and the contact portion between the movable contact and the fixed contact is likely to be displaced by the action accompanied by twisting of the terminal. Furthermore, the movable contact and the fixed contact are generally formed by attaching a massive alloy mainly composed of silver to the movable piece and the fixed piece respectively by welding. There is.

かかる問題に対応して、可動接点に傾斜を形成することにより、可動接点と固定接点との接触箇所を可動接点の揺れの支点として不動点にする技術(特許文献1)又は可動片を複数の材料層で構成し、その最外の材料層において表面の一部分を可動接点とする技術(特許文献2)が提案されている。   In response to such a problem, by forming an inclination in the movable contact, a technique for making the contact point between the movable contact and the fixed contact a fixed point as a fulcrum of the swing of the movable contact (Patent Document 1) or a plurality of movable pieces A technique (Patent Document 2) has been proposed in which a material layer is formed and a part of the surface of the outermost material layer is a movable contact.

特開2006−164763号公報JP 2006-164663 A 特開2005−267932号公報JP 2005-267932 A

しかしながら、ブレーカー製品の寸法が高々数mmと極めて小さく、同製品を構成する部材にサブミリメートルオーダーの精度が求められるときには、次のような原因により上記の従来技術では、小型化・低背化と同時に接触抵抗の安定を保障するのが難しくなる。   However, when the dimensions of the breaker product are extremely small, at most several millimeters, and the sub-millimeter accuracy is required for the members constituting the product, the above-mentioned conventional technology is reduced in size and height due to the following reasons. At the same time, it becomes difficult to ensure stable contact resistance.

導電性の極めて良い銀は、同時に放熱性も大きいため、溶接して基材に固定させるには、相当の熱量を被溶接物(塊状の銀)に与えなければならないが、ブレーカーの寸法縮小に合わせて接点が小さくなると、被溶接物の質量も限られて必要な溶接熱に不足する。   Silver with extremely good electrical conductivity also has high heat dissipation, so to weld and fix it to the base material, it is necessary to give a considerable amount of heat to the work piece (bulk silver), but it reduces the size of the breaker At the same time, if the contacts become smaller, the mass of the work piece is also limited and the required welding heat is insufficient.

点接触、面接触、又は可動接点の回動する平面と直行した線接触では、例えば図1におけるような可動接点21の回動する平面Rが捻転するような外力Tに対向できない。このような力でブレーカー製品又は端子を変形させると、可動接点と固定接点との接触箇所が大きく変位し、接触抵抗は不安定となる。   In point contact, surface contact, or line contact perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the movable contact, for example, the external force T that twists the plane of rotation R of the movable contact 21 as shown in FIG. 1 cannot be opposed. When the breaker product or the terminal is deformed with such a force, the contact point between the movable contact and the fixed contact is greatly displaced, and the contact resistance becomes unstable.

本発明は、小型で、且つブレーカーや端子を捻転するような外力が加わっても、接触抵抗を安定して維持できるブレーカーを提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a breaker that is compact and can stably maintain contact resistance even when an external force that twists the breaker or the terminal is applied.

本発明者らは、上述のような不具合を解消すべく鋭意検討した結果、可動接点及び固定接点の形状を規定することにより耐衝撃性を有する設計を見出し、本発明に到達した。   As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-described problems, the present inventors have found a design having impact resistance by defining the shapes of the movable contact and the fixed contact, and have reached the present invention.

本発明は、固定接点を有する固定片と、可動接点を有する可動片と、温度変化により可動接点が固定接点と接触又は離反するように可動片を作動させる熱応動素子とを備えるブレーカーであって、可動接点又は固定接点の一つが可動片の伸長するのと垂直方向に傾斜する斜面を有し、好ましくはそれぞれ可動片又は固定片と同質の材料からなる凸部であり、可動接点及び固定接点の表面が銀、金、白金、パラジウム、スズ又はこれら金属を母材とする合金によるメッキであり、前記の可動接点又は固定接点と対となるものが平面状であることを特徴とする。   The present invention is a breaker comprising a fixed piece having a fixed contact, a movable piece having a movable contact, and a thermally responsive element that operates the movable piece so that the movable contact comes in contact with or separates from the fixed contact due to a temperature change. One of the movable contact or the fixed contact has a slope inclined in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the movable piece, and preferably is a convex portion made of the same material as the movable piece or the fixed piece. The surface of the substrate is plated with silver, gold, platinum, palladium, tin, or an alloy containing these metals as a base material, and the pair of the movable contact or the fixed contact is planar.

本発明は、さらに、可動接点と固定接点とが可動片の伸長方向と平行な線接触を呈することを特徴とする。   The present invention is further characterized in that the movable contact and the fixed contact exhibit a line contact parallel to the extending direction of the movable piece.

本発明は、さらに、可動接点又は固定接点が梨地にされたことを特徴とする。   The present invention is further characterized in that the movable contact or the fixed contact is textured.

本発明は、さらに、可動接点の形状が円筒又は多角柱の側面の一部を呈し、固定接点の形状が平面状であることを特徴とする。   The present invention is further characterized in that the shape of the movable contact presents a part of a side surface of a cylinder or a polygonal column, and the shape of the fixed contact is planar.

本発明は、さらに、固定接点の形状が円筒又は多角柱の側面の一部を呈し、可動接点の形状が平面状であることを特徴とする。   The present invention is further characterized in that the shape of the fixed contact presents a part of a side surface of a cylinder or a polygonal column, and the shape of the movable contact is planar.

本発明は、また、ブレーカーの製造方法において、金属板の一部分を粗面加工する工程、粗面加工された金属板の一部分にメッキを施す工程、粗面加工された金属板をプレス加工により可動片又は固定片に成形する工程、粗面加工された金属板にプレス加工により、可動片が伸長するのと垂直方向に傾斜する斜面を有する可動接点又は固定接点を設ける工程、上記の可動接点又は固定接点と対となる平面状の接点を有する可動片又は固定片を成形する工程、前記の可動片と固定片とを組み合わせて、温度変化により可動接点が固定接点と接触又は離反するように可動片を作動させる熱応動素子を配置する工程を備えることを特徴とする。   The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a breaker, the step of roughing a part of a metal plate, the step of plating a part of the roughened metal plate, and the metal plate having a rough surface processed by pressing. A step of forming into a piece or a fixed piece, a step of providing a movable contact or a fixed contact having a slope inclined in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the movable piece by pressing a roughened metal plate, the above-mentioned movable contact or A step of forming a movable piece or a fixed piece having a flat contact to be paired with a fixed contact, a combination of the movable piece and the fixed piece, and movable so that the movable contact comes in contact with or separates from the fixed contact due to temperature change The method includes the step of disposing a heat-responsive element for operating the piece.

本発明のブレーカーによれば、端子を捻る外力によっても接触抵抗の変化のない耐衝撃性のブレーカーを設計できる。さらに、ブレーカーの小型化を更に進めることが容易となる。   According to the breaker of the present invention, it is possible to design an impact-resistant breaker that does not change in contact resistance even by an external force that twists a terminal. Furthermore, it becomes easy to further reduce the size of the breaker.

本発明のブレーカーの製造方法によれば、小型で耐用性と耐衝撃性のあるブレーカーを容易に製造できる。   According to the breaker manufacturing method of the present invention, it is possible to easily manufacture a breaker having a small size and having durability and impact resistance.

本発明の実施形態における接点の斜視図兼透視図である。It is a perspective view and a perspective view of the contact in the embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態における接点と従来品のものとを比較した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which compared the contact in the embodiment of this invention, and the thing of a conventional product. 本発明の実施形態における各種の変形例である。It is various modifications in embodiment of this invention. 本発明及び従来技術のブレーカーの動作機序を現す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the operation mechanism of this invention and the breaker of a prior art.

以下、図を用いて本発明の実施形態を説明する。図1は本発明の一実施形態であるブレーカーの可動片及び固定片の先端に設けられた接点を示す斜視図であり、一部は透視図となっている。この図中の金属片2,3いずれが可動片又は固定片となるかは特に限定されないが、以下、特にことわりのない限り、便宜的に可動接点は、角柱状であり、固定接点は、平面状であるものとして説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a contact provided at the tip of a movable piece and a fixed piece of a breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a part thereof is a perspective view. Which of the metal pieces 2 and 3 in this figure is a movable piece or a fixed piece is not particularly limited, but hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, the movable contact is a prismatic shape, and the fixed contact is a plane. It will be described as being in the shape.

図1の中で、可動接点2は、回転運動の軌跡の一部を振り子様に動き、固定接点3と接触又は離反する。可動接点21は、可動片2から***した凸部25であり、可動接点21の回動する平面Rを捻るような外力Tの影響を抑制するために、次のような斜面25bを有する。斜面25bは、可動片2の伸長方向Eに沿って凸部25に形成され、且つ可動片2の伸長するのと垂直方向Pに傾斜する。可動接点2の凸部25において斜面25bは、さらに、全体として可動片2と凸部25との接合面25cと鋭角をなす。ブレーカー1の他の部分は図4に示すように、従来型のブレーカーと同様に構成できる。部材の材質等も従来技術と同様のものを使用できる。   In FIG. 1, the movable contact 2 moves in a pendulum manner along a part of the locus of the rotational motion, and contacts or separates from the fixed contact 3. The movable contact 21 is a convex portion 25 raised from the movable piece 2, and has the following inclined surface 25 b in order to suppress the influence of the external force T that twists the plane R on which the movable contact 21 rotates. The inclined surface 25 b is formed in the convex portion 25 along the extending direction E of the movable piece 2, and is inclined in the vertical direction P when the movable piece 2 extends. In the convex portion 25 of the movable contact 2, the inclined surface 25 b further forms an acute angle with the joint surface 25 c between the movable piece 2 and the convex portion 25 as a whole. Other parts of the breaker 1 can be configured in the same manner as a conventional breaker as shown in FIG. The same material as that of the prior art can be used.

さらに可動接点21及び固定接点31の形状は、両接点の接触する箇所が多くなることで導通が安定し上記の捻転に対処できる点から、線接触するものが好ましい。図1では、固定接点31と接触する部分である可動接点21の接触部位25aが固定片3上の接触箇所3cで線接触している。図中、可動片2の伸長方向Eは、この線接触をなす部分と平行である。尚、回動する平面R及び接触部位25aは、これが線接触を呈するのであれば、可動接点21の回動の回転軸と直交する。   Furthermore, the shapes of the movable contact 21 and the fixed contact 31 are preferably those that are in line contact since the number of locations where both the contacts come in contact stabilizes the continuity and can cope with the torsion. In FIG. 1, the contact part 25 a of the movable contact 21, which is a part in contact with the fixed contact 31, is in line contact at the contact part 3 c on the fixed piece 3. In the figure, the extending direction E of the movable piece 2 is parallel to the portion that makes this line contact. Note that the rotating plane R and the contact portion 25a are orthogonal to the rotation axis of rotation of the movable contact 21 if it exhibits line contact.

例えば図1において、可動接点21の凸部25は、台形断面を持つ四角柱であり、可動片2との接合面25c及び接触部位25aを除く二つの側面が可動片2に可動片2の伸長するのと垂直方向Pに傾斜する斜面であり、伸長方向Eに沿って形成される。さらに、図中の四角柱においては、凸部25の台形断面において可動片2と接する辺の方が長い。しかしながら、両接点の形状が、一方を凸部としもう一方を実質的に平面形状とする限り、上記に記すような斜面を形成していれば、特に限定はなく奏功する。よって、前記において固定接点が四角柱を呈している実施形態も可能である。   For example, in FIG. 1, the convex portion 25 of the movable contact 21 is a quadrangular prism having a trapezoidal cross section, and the two side surfaces excluding the joint surface 25 c with the movable piece 2 and the contact portion 25 a extend to the movable piece 2. It is a slope inclined in the vertical direction P and formed along the extending direction E. Furthermore, in the quadrangular prism in the figure, the side in contact with the movable piece 2 is longer in the trapezoidal section of the convex portion 25. However, as long as one of the contact points has a convex portion on one side and a substantially planar shape on the other side as long as the inclined surface as described above is formed, there is no particular limitation. Therefore, an embodiment in which the fixed contact has a quadrangular prism is also possible.

図4に示される形態を一例に挙げて本発明の全体構成を説明する。ブレーカー1は、可動片2、固定片3、熱応動素子4、正特性サーミスター5、及び以上を収容する樹脂製のケース6で構成される。可動片2は、一端に可動接点21を有して、振り子様の回動をする可動部23を挟んで、もう一端に回動の中心となる固定部24及びケース外部に突出する可動側端子22を有する。固定片3は、可動接点21と接触又は離反する固定接点31を有し、諸部材の収容されるケース6にインサート成形等により埋め込まれて構成され、ケース6の外部には、固定片3と一体的に形成された固定側端子32が突出する。   The overall configuration of the present invention will be described by taking the form shown in FIG. 4 as an example. The breaker 1 includes a movable piece 2, a fixed piece 3, a thermally responsive element 4, a positive temperature coefficient thermistor 5, and a resin case 6 that accommodates the above. The movable piece 2 has a movable contact 21 at one end, a movable portion 23 that pivots like a pendulum, and a movable portion 23 that projects to the outside of the case at the other end with a fixed portion 24 serving as the center of rotation. 22. The fixed piece 3 has a fixed contact 31 that contacts or separates from the movable contact 21, and is embedded by insert molding or the like in a case 6 in which various members are accommodated. The integrally formed fixed side terminal 32 protrudes.

通常時においては、図4(a)のように可動接点21と固定接点31とが可動片2のバネ作用により接触する。過熱時においては、図4(b)のように熱応動素子4の温度変化に伴う反転により可動部23は押し上げられ、可動接点21は固定接点31から離反する。この形態では、熱応動素子4は通常時に可動片2の下方で固定片3上にある正特性サーミスター5を掩蓋し、加熱時に反転して端部41で可動片2を押し上げるが、熱応動素子4が温度変化により可動片2を前記のように作動させられれば、位置関係などは、特に限定しない。   In a normal state, the movable contact 21 and the fixed contact 31 come into contact with each other by the spring action of the movable piece 2 as shown in FIG. At the time of overheating, as shown in FIG. 4B, the movable portion 23 is pushed up by the reversal accompanying the temperature change of the thermally responsive element 4, and the movable contact 21 is separated from the fixed contact 31. In this form, the thermal actuator 4 normally covers the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 5 on the fixed piece 3 below the movable piece 2 and reverses during heating to push up the movable piece 2 at the end 41. If the element 4 can operate the movable piece 2 by the temperature change as described above, the positional relationship and the like are not particularly limited.

可動片2、固定片3及び熱応動素子4の材質には、ブレーカー1に必要とされる特性に応じて、既知のものを使用すればよい。例えば、固定片3には銅又は銅合金、可動片2にはバネ性と導電性に富んだリン青銅が用いられる。ケース6及を構成する樹脂は、頑丈で耐熱性に富んだポリアミドや液晶ポリマー等が用いられる。熱応動素子4は通常、既存の材料からなるバイメタルが材料に用いられ、プレス加工により湾曲面が形作られ、所定の熱処理を施されて反転動作をする条件が設定されることにより、形成される。正特性サーミスター5は、通常、酸化チタンを主原料にして各種の添加剤と共に円盤状に形成される。熱応動素子4及び正特性サーミスター5の温度特性及び電気特性はブレーカー1に要求される特性に基いて決定される。   As materials for the movable piece 2, the fixed piece 3, and the thermally responsive element 4, known materials may be used according to the characteristics required for the breaker 1. For example, the fixed piece 3 is made of copper or a copper alloy, and the movable piece 2 is made of phosphor bronze rich in springiness and conductivity. As the resin constituting the case 6, a polyamide, a liquid crystal polymer, or the like that is strong and has high heat resistance is used. The thermoresponsive element 4 is usually formed by using a bimetal made of an existing material, forming a curved surface by pressing, and setting a condition for performing a reversal operation by performing a predetermined heat treatment. . The positive temperature coefficient thermistor 5 is usually formed in a disc shape together with various additives using titanium oxide as a main raw material. The temperature characteristics and electrical characteristics of the thermoresponsive element 4 and the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 5 are determined based on characteristics required for the breaker 1.

上記の通り固定片3とケース6とはインサート成形により一体的に形成される。本実施例のように、さらに、可動片2と可動側端子22とは、原材料となる金属板から一体的に形成されることもある。可動片がこのような構造を持つと、端子に掛かる外力がケース6内部の接点に及びやすい。とりわけ、図1に図示されるような、可動接点21の回動する平面R、すなわち可動接点21の回動の回転軸と直交する平面Rを捻るような外力Tは、既述のように接触抵抗に対して影響が大きい。加えて、バッテリーパックへの取り付けの際、このような外力Tは容易に起こりうる。   As described above, the fixed piece 3 and the case 6 are integrally formed by insert molding. Further, as in the present embodiment, the movable piece 2 and the movable terminal 22 may be integrally formed from a metal plate as a raw material. When the movable piece has such a structure, an external force applied to the terminal tends to reach the contact inside the case 6. In particular, the external force T that twists the plane R on which the movable contact 21 rotates, that is, the plane R orthogonal to the rotation axis of rotation of the movable contact 21, as shown in FIG. The effect on resistance is large. In addition, such external force T can easily occur during attachment to the battery pack.

図2は、本発明による両接点の一例の拡大図であり、図1において手前から奥へ、両接点を断面視した図である。ここでは、通常時の接触している状態を図示している。本発明の接点は、図2(a)及び図2(b)に図示されるように、可動接点又は固定接点がその先端を三角柱形状とする五角柱の凸部となって、しかも当該五角柱の側面が可動片2の伸長方向Eに沿っているので、端子を捻転する外力Tの加わる前の状態(図2(a))と、端子を捻転する外力Tの加わった後の状態(図2(b))とで、接触箇所3cが変異しない。したがって、端子の捻転によっても、ブレーカー1の接触抵抗は変化しない。前記の三角柱形状の先端は、斜面#が適切に設定されていれば、断面台形の四角柱であってもよい。   FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an example of both contacts according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view of both contacts from the front to the back in FIG. Here, the contact state at the normal time is illustrated. As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the contact of the present invention is a pentagonal prism with a movable or fixed contact having a triangular prism shape at the tip, and the pentagonal prism Since the side surface is along the extending direction E of the movable piece 2, the state before the external force T twisting the terminal (FIG. 2A) and the state after the external force T twisting the terminal are applied (FIG. 2). 2 (b)), the contact location 3c is not mutated. Therefore, the contact resistance of the breaker 1 does not change even when the terminal is twisted. The tip of the triangular prism shape may be a quadrangular prism having a trapezoidal cross section as long as the slope # is appropriately set.

一方で、従来技術による形態では、図2(c)及び図2(d)に図示されるように、端子を捻転する外力Tの加わる前(図2(c))と後(図2(d))とでは、接触箇所3cが移動する。したがって、端子の捻転によってブレーカー1の接触抵抗が変化する。   On the other hand, in the configuration according to the prior art, as shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D, before an external force T for twisting the terminal is applied (FIG. 2C) and after (FIG. 2D). )), The contact location 3c moves. Therefore, the contact resistance of the breaker 1 changes due to the twisting of the terminals.

本発明において、可動接点21の凸部25は、溶接によるほか、プレス加工により可動片2を材料の金属板からプレス加工するのと前後して又は同時に形成される。凸部25は、このような形態により可動片2(また、凸部が固定片3に設けられれば固定片3)と同質の材料からなる。プレス加工の結果できる凸部25の形態は、エンボス状で凸部25の内部が密になっていてもよいし、絞り状で凸部25の内部が中空(可動片2において凸部25の裏が凹部となっている形態)となっていてもよい。   In the present invention, the convex portion 25 of the movable contact 21 is formed before or after or simultaneously with the pressing of the movable piece 2 from the metal plate of the material by welding as well as by welding. The convex portion 25 is made of the same material as the movable piece 2 (or the fixed piece 3 if the convex portion is provided on the fixed piece 3) in such a form. The shape of the convex portion 25 that can be obtained as a result of the press working may be embossed and the inside of the convex portion 25 may be dense, or the inside of the convex portion 25 may be hollow and narrow (the back of the convex portion 25 in the movable piece 2). May be a recess).

可動接点21の表面は、このように形成された凸部25の表面に銀等でメッキを施して又は可動片の材料である金属板の該当箇所に予め同様のメッキを施して形成する。固定接点31は、可動接点21との接触箇所が平面形状に形成される他は、可動片の形成と同様に作成できる。可動接点21及び固定接点31の表面をなすメッキは、銀の他に、金、白金、パラジウム、スズ又はこれら金属を母材とする合金でもよい。通常は、可動片2又は固定片3の材料より導通性の良い材料が採用される。   The surface of the movable contact 21 is formed by plating the surface of the convex portion 25 formed in this way with silver or the like, or by performing similar plating in advance on the corresponding portion of the metal plate that is the material of the movable piece. The fixed contact 31 can be created in the same manner as the movable piece except that the contact point with the movable contact 21 is formed in a planar shape. The plating that forms the surfaces of the movable contact 21 and the fixed contact 31 may be gold, platinum, palladium, tin, or an alloy based on these metals in addition to silver. Usually, a material having better conductivity than the material of the movable piece 2 or the fixed piece 3 is employed.

以上のように、可動接点21又は固定接点31は、プレス加工により形成すれば、それぞれ可動片2又は固定片3と同質の材料からなる凸部となる。可動接点21及び固定接点31の表面が銀、金、白金、パラジウム、スズ又はこれら金属を母材とする合金によるメッキであるので、希少な材料の使用量を小さくして、工費の節減を実現できる。さらに、このようなプレス加工による凸部25及びメッキによる可動接点21の形成法によれば、溶接によって可動接点21を接合するのに比して、寸法縮小を容易に行うことができる。但し、既述の捻転による外力Tに対処する効果を得るのに限れば、可動接点21は、銀、金、白金、パラジウム、スズ又はこれら金属を母材とする合金を溶接などにより接合したものでもよい。   As described above, when the movable contact 21 or the fixed contact 31 is formed by pressing, the movable contact 21 or the fixed contact 31 becomes a convex portion made of the same material as the movable piece 2 or the fixed piece 3. Since the surfaces of the movable contact 21 and the fixed contact 31 are plated with silver, gold, platinum, palladium, tin, or an alloy based on these metals, the amount of rare materials used can be reduced and the construction cost can be reduced. it can. Furthermore, according to the method of forming the convex portion 25 by press working and the movable contact 21 by plating, the size can be easily reduced as compared to joining the movable contact 21 by welding. However, the movable contact 21 is formed by joining silver, gold, platinum, palladium, tin, or an alloy based on these metals by welding or the like as long as the effect of dealing with the external force T caused by torsion is obtained. But you can.

本実施形態では、可動接点21を四角柱(略三角柱)形状(図1)又は五角柱形状(図2)とした例で説明したが、可動片2の伸長方向Eに沿った側面が既述のような斜面であれば、可動接点21は、断面半円又は断面半楕円の半円筒であってもよい。例えば、可動接点21の凸部25の形態には、図3に示すような、各種の変形がありうる。   In the present embodiment, the movable contact 21 is described as an example of a quadrangular prism (substantially triangular prism) shape (FIG. 1) or a pentagonal prism shape (FIG. 2), but the side surface along the extending direction E of the movable piece 2 is already described. The movable contact 21 may be a semi-cylinder having a semicircular cross section or a semi-elliptical cross section. For example, the form of the convex portion 25 of the movable contact 21 may have various modifications as shown in FIG.

図3(a)乃至(j)は、凸部25の変形例の側面図(上段)及び可動片2の伸長方向Eから見た正面図(下段)である。図3(a)は、図1とほぼ同様に凸部25が四角柱(断面台形)を呈するものである。斜面25bに該当する箇所は、平面により構成されるとは限らず、凹面、凸面等の曲面であってもよい。例えば、図3(b)は、半円筒を呈するものであり、これによっても図3(a)の凸部と同様の効果を得ることができる。図3(c)及び図3(d)は、それぞれ四角柱(断面台形)及び半円筒の一部を呈するものであり、線接触の面積を増やすためにテーパー構造を設け、固定接点31との接触時において接触箇所25aを固定接点31の平面形状と平行としている。線接触の面積を増やすための構造には、図3(e)に示すように複数の半球状の小さい凸部を可動片の伸長方向の直線上に並べた形態もありうる。凸部の形状は、図3(f)のように凸部の斜面25bに該当する箇所の中程に膨らみ(幅広の箇所)があってもよい。接触箇所は、一箇所であるのに限らず、伸長方向Eから見て左右で対称的且つ既述の形態に則って適切に配置されていれば、複数箇所に設けても差し支え無い。それぞれ図3(g)及び図3(h)のように、側面から見た断面に角取り又は丸み付けを施すと、可動接点21の離反する時と接触する時とで接触箇所が変動しにくくなり、電気特性が更に安定化する。線接触の面積を増やすための構造には、さらに、図3(i)及び図3(j)のようにそれぞれ接点の表面を粗し及び粗面処理により梨地にしたものもある。   FIGS. 3A to 3J are a side view (upper stage) of a modified example of the convex portion 25 and a front view (lower stage) viewed from the extending direction E of the movable piece 2. In FIG. 3A, the convex portion 25 has a quadrangular prism shape (trapezoidal cross section) in substantially the same manner as in FIG. The portion corresponding to the slope 25b is not necessarily configured by a flat surface, and may be a curved surface such as a concave surface or a convex surface. For example, FIG. 3B shows a semi-cylindrical shape, and the same effect as that of the convex portion of FIG. FIGS. 3C and 3D respectively show a quadrangular column (a trapezoidal cross section) and a part of a semi-cylinder, and a tapered structure is provided to increase the area of the line contact. At the time of contact, the contact location 25 a is parallel to the planar shape of the fixed contact 31. The structure for increasing the area of the line contact may have a form in which a plurality of small hemispherical convex portions are arranged on a straight line in the extending direction of the movable piece as shown in FIG. The shape of the convex part may have a bulge (wide part) in the middle of the part corresponding to the slope 25b of the convex part as shown in FIG. The contact location is not limited to a single location, and may be provided at a plurality of locations as long as they are symmetrically arranged on the left and right as viewed from the extension direction E and appropriately arranged in accordance with the above-described form. As shown in FIG. 3 (g) and FIG. 3 (h), if the cross section viewed from the side is rounded or rounded, the contact point is less likely to change depending on whether the movable contact 21 is separated or contacted. As a result, the electrical characteristics are further stabilized. In some structures for increasing the area of the line contact, the contact surfaces are roughened and roughened by roughening as shown in FIGS. 3 (i) and 3 (j), respectively.

梨地状の接点は、例えば、次のような工程を経て作成するのが好ましい。まず、金属板の一部分を粗面加工する。次に、粗面加工された金属板の一部分にメッキを施す。続いて、粗面加工され粗された表面上にメッキされた金属板をプレス加工により可動片又は固定片に成形する。これと同時に又は前後して可動片が伸長するのと垂直方向に傾斜する斜面を有する可動接点又は固定接点(凸部)を設ける。粗面処理された後に金属板にメッキを施すのであれば、凸部又は可動片若しくは固定片を形作る工程は、順序を特に限定されない。但し、加工容易性から前述の順序に従うのが好ましい。前記のように作成された可動片又は固定片は、組立工程に付されて、上述のようなブレーカー1が完成する。   The satin-like contact is preferably made through the following steps, for example. First, a part of the metal plate is roughened. Next, a part of the roughened metal plate is plated. Subsequently, a metal plate plated on the roughened and roughened surface is formed into a movable piece or a fixed piece by pressing. Simultaneously with or before and after this, a movable contact or a fixed contact (convex portion) having a slope inclined in the vertical direction as the movable piece extends. As long as the metal plate is plated after the rough surface treatment, the order of forming the convex portion, the movable piece, or the fixed piece is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable to follow the above-mentioned order for ease of processing. The movable piece or the fixed piece created as described above is subjected to an assembly process, and the breaker 1 as described above is completed.

図4に示される従来型ブレーカーの構成以外に、正特性サーミスタ5のないブレーカーにも本発明を適用して、耐衝撃性を付与することができる。この形態においては、自己保持回路を形成しない点以外、既述のものと変更はないので、詳細な記述は省略する。熱応動素子と可動片とは、一体的に形成されてもよい。この形態の可動片はバイメタル又はトリメタルから形成され、別個に設けられた部材である熱応動素子を必要としていない。   In addition to the configuration of the conventional breaker shown in FIG. 4, the present invention can be applied to a breaker without the positive temperature coefficient thermistor 5 to impart impact resistance. In this embodiment, since there is no change from the above-described one except that the self-holding circuit is not formed, detailed description is omitted. The thermally responsive element and the movable piece may be integrally formed. The movable piece of this form is formed of bimetal or trimetal, and does not require a heat responsive element that is a separately provided member.

上掲の実施形態と同じ目的のために、固定接点の平面形状と、可動接点の角柱形状又は半円筒形状の一部とを交換した形態も用いることができる。つまり、固定片の平面形状と可動片の凸部とは、互換である。例えば図1及び図2において、凸部25が固定片3の側に設けられ動かず、対向する平面状の接点が可動接点となり可動片に従って回動する形態を採用しても同様の効果を得ることができる。   For the same purpose as the above-described embodiment, a form in which the planar shape of the fixed contact is replaced with a part of the prismatic shape or semi-cylindrical shape of the movable contact can also be used. That is, the planar shape of the fixed piece and the convex portion of the movable piece are compatible. For example, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the same effect can be obtained even when the convex portion 25 is provided on the fixed piece 3 side and does not move and the opposing planar contact becomes a movable contact and rotates according to the movable piece. be able to.

本発明の実施形態は、温度変化により反転する湾曲面を有する熱応動素子により可動接点が振り子様の回動をし固定接点と接触又は離反する回路の断続器において、前記の可動接点又は固定接点の一方の先端が可動片の伸長する方向に沿って形成され、且つ可動接点の伸長するのと垂直方向に傾斜した斜面を有するものであれば、ここで記述される形態に限定されるものではない。例えば、既述の実施形態の他に、可動片が羽ばたき様の運動をし、その両端において可動接点が固定接点と接触離反する形態等も考えられる。この可動片両端に接点を有する形態においても、熱応動素子と可動片とが一体的に形成することができる。   An embodiment of the present invention is a circuit interrupter in which a movable contact rotates in a pendulum-like manner by a thermally responsive element having a curved surface that reverses due to a temperature change and contacts or separates from a fixed contact. As long as one of the ends is formed along the extending direction of the movable piece and has a slope inclined in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the movable contact, it is not limited to the form described here. Absent. For example, in addition to the above-described embodiment, a form in which the movable piece flutters and the movable contact contacts and separates from the fixed contact at both ends thereof is also conceivable. Even in a form having contacts at both ends of the movable piece, the thermally responsive element and the movable piece can be integrally formed.

1 ブレーカー
2 可動片
21 可動接点
22 可動側端子
23 可動部
24 固定部
25 凸部
25b 斜面
3 固定片
31 固定接点
32 固定側端子
4 熱応動素子
R 可動接点21の回動する平面(可動接点21の回動の回転軸と直交する平面)
T 平面Rを捻転する外力(端子を捻る外力)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Breaker 2 Movable piece 21 Movable contact 22 Movable side terminal 23 Movable part 24 Fixed part 25 Convex part 25b Slope 3 Fixed piece 31 Fixed contact 32 Fixed side terminal 4 Thermally responsive element R The plane where the movable contact 21 rotates (movable contact 21 The plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of rotation
T External force that twists the plane R (external force that twists the terminal)

Claims (6)

可動接点を有する可動片と、固定接点を有する固定片と、温度変化により可動接点が固定接点と接触又は離反するように可動片を作動させる熱応動素子とを備え、
前記可動接点又は前記固定接点の一つは、前記可動片が伸長するのと垂直方向に傾斜する斜面を有し、それぞれ前記可動片又は前記固定片と同質の材料からなる凸部であり、
前記可動接点及び前記固定接点の表面は、銀、金、白金、パラジウム、スズ又はこれら金属を母材とする合金によるメッキであり、
上記の前記可動接点又は前記固定接点と対となるものは、平面状であることを特徴とするブレーカー。
A movable piece having a movable contact; a fixed piece having a fixed contact; and a thermally responsive element that operates the movable piece so that the movable contact comes in contact with or separates from the fixed contact due to a temperature change.
One of the movable contact or the fixed contact has a slope inclined in the vertical direction as the movable piece extends, and is a convex portion made of the same material as the movable piece or the fixed piece, respectively.
The surfaces of the movable contact and the fixed contact are plated with silver, gold, platinum, palladium, tin or an alloy based on these metals,
The breaker that is paired with the movable contact or the fixed contact is planar.
前記可動接点と前記固定接点とは、前記可動片の伸長方向と平行な線接触を呈することを特徴とする請求項1のブレーカー。   The breaker according to claim 1, wherein the movable contact and the fixed contact exhibit a line contact parallel to an extending direction of the movable piece. 前記可動接点又は前記固定接点は、梨地にされたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2のブレーカー。   The breaker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the movable contact or the fixed contact is textured. 前記可動接点の形状は、円筒又は多角柱の側面の一部を呈し、
前記固定接点の形状は、平面状であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のブレーカー。
The shape of the movable contact exhibits a part of a side surface of a cylinder or a polygonal column,
The breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixed contact has a planar shape.
前記固定接点の形状は、円筒又は多角柱の側面の一部を呈し、
前記可動接点の形状は、平面状であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のブレーカー。
The shape of the fixed contact presents a part of a side surface of a cylinder or a polygonal column,
The breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the movable contact has a planar shape.
金属板の一部分を粗面処理する工程、
粗面処理された前記金属板の一部分にメッキを施す工程、
粗面処理された前記金属板をプレス加工により可動片又は固定片に成形する工程、
粗面処理された前記金属板にプレス加工により、前記可動片が伸長するのと垂直方向に傾斜する斜面を有する可動接点又は固定接点を設ける工程、
上記の可動接点又は固定接点と対となる平面状の接点を有する可動片又は固定片を成形する工程、
上記の可動片と固定片とを組み合わせて、温度変化により前記可動接点が前記固定接点と接触又は離反するように前記可動片を作動させる熱応動素子を配置する工程を備えることを特徴とするブレーカーの製造方法。
A step of roughening a part of the metal plate,
Plating a portion of the roughened metal plate,
Forming the roughened metal plate into a movable piece or a fixed piece by pressing,
A step of providing a movable contact or a fixed contact having a slope inclined in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the movable piece, by pressing the roughened metal plate;
Forming a movable piece or a fixed piece having a planar contact paired with the movable contact or the fixed contact,
A breaker comprising a step of combining the movable piece and the fixed piece, and disposing a thermally responsive element that operates the movable piece so that the movable contact contacts or separates from the fixed contact due to a temperature change. Manufacturing method.
JP2011233326A 2011-10-24 2011-10-24 breaker Expired - Fee Related JP5864207B2 (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170179462A1 (en) 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Bourns, Inc. Battery housing
US10985552B2 (en) 2018-06-22 2021-04-20 Bourns, Inc. Circuit breakers
US11651922B2 (en) 2019-08-27 2023-05-16 Bourns, Inc. Connector with integrated thermal cutoff device for battery pack

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JPS56102016A (en) * 1980-01-19 1981-08-15 Ricoh Kk Reed switch unit
JP2005203277A (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-28 Komatsu Lite Seisakusho:Kk Safety device using bimetal
JP2005267932A (en) * 2004-03-17 2005-09-29 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Thermal protector

Patent Citations (3)

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JPS56102016A (en) * 1980-01-19 1981-08-15 Ricoh Kk Reed switch unit
JP2005203277A (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-28 Komatsu Lite Seisakusho:Kk Safety device using bimetal
JP2005267932A (en) * 2004-03-17 2005-09-29 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Thermal protector

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170179462A1 (en) 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Bourns, Inc. Battery housing
US10439196B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-10-08 Bourns, Inc. Electromechanical circuit breaker
US10707475B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2020-07-07 Bourns, Inc. Battery housing
US10985552B2 (en) 2018-06-22 2021-04-20 Bourns, Inc. Circuit breakers
US11651922B2 (en) 2019-08-27 2023-05-16 Bourns, Inc. Connector with integrated thermal cutoff device for battery pack

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