JP2013068034A - Building for tsunami/flood countermeasures - Google Patents

Building for tsunami/flood countermeasures Download PDF

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JP2013068034A
JP2013068034A JP2011208570A JP2011208570A JP2013068034A JP 2013068034 A JP2013068034 A JP 2013068034A JP 2011208570 A JP2011208570 A JP 2011208570A JP 2011208570 A JP2011208570 A JP 2011208570A JP 2013068034 A JP2013068034 A JP 2013068034A
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tsunami
waterproof
building
steel
reinforced concrete
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Fusao Sakano
房夫 坂野
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building for tsunami/flood countermeasures which is capable of immune to major tsunami or heavy floods which may occur once a millennium.SOLUTION: Along with a shore of the sea or a bank of the river, a number of steel-frame/reinforced concrete buildings 1 immune to tsunami of 10 m or higher are provided in parallel with side walls facing the shore/bank. A waterproof wall 3 is constructed between side walls 2 of groups of the steel-frame/reinforced-concrete buildings 1, and an embankment 4 is constructed by continuously providing the side wall 2 of each steel-frame/reinforced-concrete building 1 and the waterproof wall 3. A gateway 6 is provided in the waterproof wall 3, and a waterproof gate 5 is provided in the gateway 6. Normally, the waterproof gate 5 of the gateway 6 is opened so that people can enter/leave each steel-frame/reinforced-concrete building 1, but if a tsunami warning is issued, the waterproof gates 5 are closed, thereby preventing tsunami or floods by the embankment 4 composed of the steel-frame/reinforced-concrete buildings 1 and the waterproof walls 3.

Description

本発明は海沿いや川沿いの津波や洪水の起きやすい沿岸部に構築され、津波や洪水を防ぎ、且つ津波や洪水に耐えることができる津波・洪水対策用ビルに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a tsunami / flood countermeasure building that is constructed in a coastal area where a tsunami or a flood is likely to occur along a sea or a river, and can prevent and prevent a tsunami or a flood.

津波や高潮に耐える建築物として、プール型基礎に建屋を建築した台船型浮体を配置するとともに、浮体と基礎との間にアンカー装置を設けたものがある（例えば、特許文献１）。   As a building that can withstand tsunamis and storm surges, there is a structure in which a trolley type floating body having a building built on a pool type foundation is disposed and an anchor device is provided between the floating body and the foundation (for example, Patent Document 1).

このような浮上建築物は１０００年に一度の大津波や大洪水が発生した場合、建築物が破壊されたり水没したりする恐れがある。   Such a floating building may be destroyed or submerged if a large tsunami or flood occurs once in 1000 years.

特開２００６−２４９９１５号公報JP 2006-249915 A

本発明は１０００年に一度の大津波や大洪水に耐えることができる津波・洪水対策用ビルを目的として提供されたものである。   The present invention is provided for the purpose of a tsunami / flood countermeasure building that can withstand a large tsunami and flood once in 1000 years.

本発明は、海あるいは川の沿岸沿いに側壁を沿岸に向けた高さ１０ｍ以上の耐津波用の鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルを多数の並設し、該各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル群の側壁間に防水壁を構築し、各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルの側壁と防水壁とを連続的に連設して堤防を構築するとともに、前記防水壁に出入り口を設け該出入り口に防水扉を設けたことを特徴とするものである。   In the present invention, a large number of tsunami-resistant steel and reinforced concrete buildings having a height of 10 m or more are provided side by side along the coast of the sea or river, and a waterproof wall is provided between the side walls of each steel frame and reinforced concrete building group. The side wall of each steel frame / reinforced concrete building and the waterproof wall are continuously connected to construct a bank, and the waterproof wall is provided with an entrance and a waterproof door at the entrance and exit. It is.

なお、沿岸側に設けられる窓に人為的あるいは震動により自動的に遮断される耐水・耐衝撃性の遮蔽板を設けたり、防水壁を奥行きのあるものとして内部を倉庫としたり、倉庫に採光窓を設け、該採光窓に震動により自動的に遮断される耐水・耐衝撃性の遮蔽板を設けたりしてもよい。   In addition, water- and shock-resistant shielding plates that are automatically cut off by man-made or vibration are provided on the windows provided on the coast, the interior is a warehouse with a waterproof wall with depth, and the lighting window in the warehouse And a water-resistant / impact-resistant shielding plate that is automatically shut off by vibration may be provided on the lighting window.

本発明は、海あるいは川の沿岸沿いに側壁を沿岸に向けた高さ１０ｍ以上の耐津波用の鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルを多数の並設し、該各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル群の側壁間に防水壁を構築し、各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルの側壁と防水壁とを連続的に連設して堤防を構築するとともに、前記防水壁に出入り口を設け該出入り口に防水扉を設けたことにより、通常時は出入り口の防水扉を開放して各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルへの出入りを行い、津波警報が発令された際には、防水扉を閉鎖することにより、各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルと防水壁により過去に発生した大津波に対応できる１０ｍ以上の堤防を形成することができるので、例え、１０００年に一度の大津波が発生したとしても堤防を越えたり破壊されたりすることは防止される。しかも、鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルは津波に耐える強度をもっているため、従来の防波堤を不要とすることができ、東日本大震災のように防波堤を破壊された地域では、防波堤を構築せず津波・洪水対策用ビルを沿岸沿いに構築すればよいので復旧と復興が低予算で可能となる。また、鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルは沿岸沿いに構築するため、漁業者や水産加工業者等がこのビルに入居することによって出漁や漁獲した魚の加工を効率よく、且つ安全に行なうことができる。   In the present invention, a large number of tsunami-resistant steel and reinforced concrete buildings having a height of 10 m or more are provided side by side along the coast of the sea or river, and a waterproof wall is provided between the side walls of each steel frame and reinforced concrete building group. By constructing a levee by continuously connecting the side walls and waterproof walls of each steel frame and reinforced concrete building, and providing a waterproof door at the entrance and exit, and providing a waterproof door at the entrance and exit, When the tsunami warning was issued, the waterproof doors were opened and the doors were opened and closed. A levee of 10m or more that can cope with a large tsunami can be formed. For example, even if a large tsunami occurs once in 1000, the levee may be crossed or destroyed. It is locked. Moreover, because steel and reinforced concrete buildings are strong enough to withstand tsunamis, conventional breakwaters can be made unnecessary. Can be constructed along the coast, so recovery and reconstruction can be done with a low budget. In addition, since steel frames and reinforced concrete buildings are constructed along the coast, fishermen and fishery processors can move out and process fish that have been caught and fished efficiently and safely.

また、請求項２のように、沿岸側に設けられる窓に人為的あるいは震動により自動的に遮断される耐水・耐衝撃性の遮蔽板を設けることにより、津波による浸水を的確に防止できる。   In addition, as described in claim 2, by providing a water-resistant / impact-resistant shielding plate that is automatically blocked by an artificial or vibration on a window provided on the coast side, inundation due to a tsunami can be accurately prevented.

請求項３のように、防水壁を奥行きのあるものとして内部を倉庫としたことにより、防水壁は防水の耐津波壁と倉庫とを兼ねるものとなるので、倉庫を別設する必要がなくなるので設置面積や建築費用を大幅に削減できるうえに、倉庫に防災用品等を備蓄保存すれば、災害時、ビルに入居している人達の生活を維持することができる。また、入居している漁業者や加工業者の各種備品を収納保管する倉庫としてもよいことはいうまでもない。   Since the waterproof wall has a depth and the interior is a warehouse as in claim 3, the waterproof wall serves as both a waterproof tsunami-resistant wall and a warehouse, so there is no need to install a separate warehouse. In addition to drastically reducing the installation area and construction costs, stockpiling and storing disaster prevention supplies etc. in the warehouse can maintain the lives of people residing in the building in the event of a disaster. Needless to say, it may be a warehouse for storing and storing various equipment of fishermen and processors who live in.

請求項４のように、倉庫に採光窓を設け、該採光窓に震動により自動的に遮断される耐水・耐衝撃性の遮蔽板を設けたことにより、災害による停電が発生しても日中は懐中電灯等の明りがなくても防災用品等を取り出すことができる。しかも、採光窓には津波に耐える耐衝撃性の遮蔽板が設けられているので、倉庫内に保存収納された各種物品が汚損されたり破損されたりすることを的確に防止できる。   Even if a power outage due to a disaster occurs, a daylighting window can be provided by providing a daylighting window in the warehouse and a water-resistant / shock-resistant shielding plate that is automatically shut off by vibration. Can take out emergency supplies without a flashlight. Moreover, since the daylighting window is provided with an impact-resistant shielding plate that can withstand tsunami, it is possible to accurately prevent various articles stored and stored in the warehouse from being soiled or damaged.

本発明の好ましい実施形態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows preferable embodiment of this invention. 同じく倉庫の採光窓を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which similarly shows the lighting window of a warehouse.

次に、本発明の実施形態を図１，２に基づいて詳細に説明する。
１は海あるいは川の沿岸沿いに並設される多数の鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルであり、該鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１は過去の１０００年間に襲われた最大の津波の大きさに基づいて津波が越えない１０ｍ以上の高さとするとともに、津波の破壊力に耐える強度をもつ耐津波用に設計する。また、沿岸側に面する側壁２は基本的に無窓とするが、窓や開口を設けた場合には後記するような、人為的あるいは震動によって自動的に落下する例えば、吊り下げ式の遮蔽板１０を窓の前方に設ける。 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
1 is a large number of steel-framed and reinforced concrete buildings juxtaposed along the coast of the sea or river. The steel-framed and reinforced concrete building 1 does not exceed the maximum tsunami that has been attacked in the past 1000 years. Designed for tsunami resistance with a height of 10m or more and strength to withstand the tsunami destructive force. In addition, the side wall 2 facing the coast side is basically windowless, but when a window or opening is provided, it falls automatically by man-made or vibration, for example, as described later. 10 is provided in front of the window.

鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１は側壁２より内陸に向かう奥行き側を長くして津波の水圧に耐えるようにしているが、川沿いに構築される鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１は奥行き側を強いて長くする必要はない。   The steel frame / reinforced concrete building 1 has a longer depth side toward the inland than the side wall 2 so as to withstand the water pressure of the tsunami. .

海岸沿いの鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１は漁業従業者の事務所や作業場、あるいは住居、水揚げされた魚を冷蔵・冷凍保管する倉庫としたり、水産物加工業者の魚の加工工場としたりする。   The steel-framed reinforced concrete buildings 1 along the coast will be used as fishery workers' offices and workshops, as well as houses, warehouses that store frozen fish that are refrigerated or frozen, and fish processing factories for fish processing companies.

３は各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１の側壁２間に構築される防水壁であり、該防水壁３は鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１の高さと等しい高さとするとともに、津波に耐える強度を有するものとする。そして、各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１の側壁２と各防水壁３とを連続的に構築することにより沿岸面は堤防４により区画された津波や洪水の防御線となる。   Reference numeral 3 denotes a waterproof wall constructed between the side walls 2 of each steel frame / reinforced concrete building 1. The waterproof wall 3 has a height equal to the height of the steel frame / reinforced concrete building 1 and has a strength to withstand a tsunami. Then, by continuously constructing the side walls 2 and the waterproof walls 3 of each steel frame / reinforced concrete building 1, the coastal surface becomes a tsunami or flood defense line partitioned by the levee 4.

５は防水壁３の下部に形成される出入り口６を開閉する防水扉であり、該防水扉５は通常は開放されて市街の道路１４との出入りを許すが、地震により津波警報や洪水警報が発令されたときには閉じられて津波や洪水の侵入を防ぐ。   Reference numeral 5 denotes a waterproof door that opens and closes an entrance 6 formed at the bottom of the waterproof wall 3. The waterproof door 5 is normally opened to allow access to the street 14 in the city. When issued, it will be closed to prevent tsunamis and floods from entering.

前記防水扉５は引き戸式にして直動開閉されるものとして、回動開閉される扉式より可動距離を小さくして閉鎖時間を短縮するとともに、可動占有面積を少なくして不用意に置かれた障害物による閉鎖障害の発生を抑えているが、扉式としてもよいことは言うまでもない。   The waterproof door 5 is a sliding door type that can be opened and closed directly, and the movable distance is made shorter than that of the door type that is opened and closed to shorten the closing time, and the movable occupation area is reduced and it is placed carelessly. Although the occurrence of obstructions due to obstacles is suppressed, it goes without saying that it may be a door type.

８は防水壁３に奥行きを持たせて設けた倉庫であり、該倉庫８は鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１の各階に設けられている。防水壁３に倉庫８を設けることにより、土地の有効利用ができ建築費用を削減できる。倉庫８には非常食料、水、医療品、毛布等の防災用品Ｇ等を備蓄保存すれば、災害により孤立した際には、ビルの入居者達は備蓄されている非常用食料や飲料水により救援物資の到着や、道路が復旧開通するまでの期間の生活維持ができる。また、倉庫８を入居する漁業者や加工業者の各種備品等の収納保管するものとしてもよいことはいうまでもない。   Reference numeral 8 denotes a warehouse provided with a depth in the waterproof wall 3. The warehouse 8 is provided on each floor of the steel frame / reinforced concrete building 1. By providing the warehouse 8 in the waterproof wall 3, the land can be used effectively and the construction cost can be reduced. If you store emergency foods such as emergency food, water, medical supplies, blankets, etc. in the warehouse 8, if you are isolated due to a disaster, the residents of the building will use the emergency food and drinking water that is stored. Life can be maintained until the relief supplies arrive and the road is restored and opened. Moreover, it goes without saying that it is possible to store and store various equipment of fishermen and processors who occupy the warehouse 8.

９は倉庫８に設けられる採光窓であり、該採光窓９は図１，２に示されるように、倉庫８の各階に複数設けられ、日中は停電となっても明りが得られるので、懐中電灯などの明りがなくても防災用品Ｇや各種備品を取り出すことができる。   9 is a daylighting window provided in the warehouse 8, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of daylighting windows 9 are provided on each floor of the warehouse 8, and light is obtained even during a power outage during the day. The emergency supplies G and various equipment can be taken out without a flashlight.

１０は採光窓９や側壁２の窓の前面や側壁２開口に設けられる吊り下げ式の遮蔽板であり、該遮蔽板１０は鋼板等の津波に耐える高強度の素材よりなるもので、洪水警報発令時に人為的にストッパ１１を外したり、地震の震動によってストッパ１１が外れると吊り下げられている遮蔽板１０は落下して採光窓９や窓の前面を遮蔽したり、開口を遮蔽したりして、津波の侵入を防止し、倉庫８内に収納保管されている防災用品類Ｇや各種備品が汚損されたり損傷されたりすることを防いでいる。   Reference numeral 10 denotes a suspension type shielding plate provided in front of the daylighting window 9 or the side wall 2 or the opening of the side wall 2, and the shielding plate 10 is made of a high-strength material that can withstand a tsunami such as a steel plate. If the stopper 11 is artificially removed at the time of announcement, or if the stopper 11 is removed due to the vibration of the earthquake, the suspended shielding plate 10 falls to shield the lighting window 9 or the front of the window, or to shield the opening. Thus, the invasion of the tsunami is prevented, and the disaster prevention supplies G and various equipment stored and stored in the warehouse 8 are prevented from being soiled or damaged.

１２は海沿いあるいは川沿いに構築される既存の防波堤、１３は防波堤１に沿って作られた道路、１４は道路１３沿いに作られたガードレールである。   Reference numeral 12 is an existing breakwater constructed along the sea or along the river, 13 is a road made along the breakwater 1, and 14 is a guardrail made along the road 13.

このように構成されたものは、過去１０００年の津波情報に基づいて高さを設定した１０ｍ以上の高さの鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１を海や川の沿岸沿いに並設する。沿岸沿いの鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１は側壁２を沿岸側に向けるとともに、側壁２より奥行きを長くして津波に対する強度を高めている。次に、各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１の側壁２間に防水壁３を構築し、各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル１と防水壁３とにより沿岸全域を囲う堤防４を構築する。   What is constructed in this way is a steel frame / reinforced concrete building 1 having a height of 10 m or more set based on the tsunami information of the past 1000 years, arranged side by side along the coast of the sea or river. The steel frame / reinforced concrete building 1 along the coast has the side wall 2 directed toward the coast and has a longer depth than the side wall 2 to increase the strength against tsunami. Next, a waterproof wall 3 is constructed between the side walls 2 of each steel frame / reinforced concrete building 1, and an embankment 4 surrounding the entire coast is constructed by each steel frame / reinforced concrete building 1 and the waterproof wall 3.

このような洪水・津波対策ビルは防水壁３に設けた出入り口６を通じて車や人の出入りを行うが、地震の発生に伴う津波警報や洪水警報に基づいて、出入り口６の防水扉５を閉鎖する。防水壁３の倉庫８の採光窓９や側壁２に設けられた窓や開口には遮蔽板１０が設けられており、洪水警報が発令された場合には人為的にストッパ１１を操作して遮蔽板１０を落下させる。   Such a flood / tsunami countermeasure building allows cars and people to enter and exit through the doorway 6 provided in the waterproof wall 3, but the waterproof door 5 at the doorway 6 is closed based on a tsunami warning or a flood warning accompanying the occurrence of an earthquake. . A shielding plate 10 is provided in the lighting window 9 of the warehouse 8 of the waterproof wall 3 and the windows and openings provided in the side wall 2, and when the flood warning is issued, the stopper 11 is manually operated to shield it. The plate 10 is dropped.

地震際には、地震の震動によりストッパ１１は外れるので、遮蔽板１０は自動的に落下して採光窓９や窓を保護したり、開口を塞いだりするので、倉庫８の採光窓９や側壁２の窓や開口から津波が浸入することを防ぐこととなり、堤防４内の鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル群の住民は津波や洪水から確実に守られることとなる。   In the event of an earthquake, the stopper 11 is released due to the vibration of the earthquake, so that the shielding plate 10 automatically falls to protect the lighting window 9 and the window and close the opening. This will prevent the tsunami from entering through the windows and openings of No. 2, and the residents of the steel frame and reinforced concrete buildings in the dike 4 will be reliably protected from the tsunami and flood.

１ 鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル
２ 側壁
３ 防水壁
４ 堤防
５ 防水扉
６ 出入り口
８ 倉庫
９ 採光窓
10 遮蔽板
11 ストッパ
12 防波堤
13 道路
14 ガードレール
Ｇ 防災用品類 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steel frame, reinforced concrete building 2 Side wall 3 Waterproof wall 4 Embankment 5 Waterproof door 6 Doorway 8 Warehouse 9 Daylighting window
10 Shield plate
11 Stopper
12 Breakwater
13 road
14 Guardrail G Disaster prevention supplies

Claims (4)

海あるいは川の沿岸沿いに側壁を沿岸に向けた高さ１０ｍ以上の耐津波用の鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルを多数の並設し、該各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビル群の側壁間に防水壁を構築し、各鉄骨・鉄筋コンクリートビルの側壁と防水壁とを連続的に連設して堤防を構築するとともに、前記防水壁に出入り口を設け該出入り口に防水扉を設けたことを特徴とする津波・洪水対策用ビル。   A large number of tsunami-resistant steel and reinforced concrete buildings with a height of 10m or more along the coast of the sea or river are installed side by side, and a waterproof wall is constructed between the side walls of each steel and reinforced concrete building group. For tsunami and flood countermeasures, characterized in that the side walls and waterproof walls of each steel frame and reinforced concrete building are continuously connected to construct a bank, and the waterproof wall is provided with a doorway and a waterproof door is provided at the doorway. building. 沿岸側に設けられる窓に人為的あるいは震動により自動的に遮断される耐水・耐衝撃性の遮蔽板を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の津波・洪水対策用ビル。   The tsunami / flood countermeasure building according to claim 1, wherein a water-resistant / shock-resistant shielding plate that is automatically cut off by an artificial or vibration is provided on a window provided on a coastal side. 防水壁を奥行きのあるものとして内部を倉庫としたことを特徴とする請求項1または２に記載の津波・洪水対策用ビル。   The building for measures against tsunami and flood according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waterproof wall is deep and the inside is a warehouse. 倉庫に採光窓を設け、該採光窓に震動により自動的に遮断される耐水・耐衝撃性の遮蔽板を設けたことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の津波・洪水対策用ビル。   The tsunami / flood countermeasure building according to claim 3, wherein a lighting window is provided in the warehouse, and a water-resistant / shock-resistant shielding plate that is automatically shut off by vibration is provided on the lighting window.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019157439A (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-19 清水建設株式会社 Long wall structure and method for construction of long wall structure
CN114787466A (en) * 2019-12-20 2022-07-22 龟井正通 Flood prevention facility with flood prevention enclosure wall

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JPH07113218A (en) * 1993-10-15 1995-05-02 Shimizu Corp Artificial ground for tsunami
JPH0886119A (en) * 1994-09-15 1996-04-02 Kowada Teruyuki Flooding protection wall
JP2005232845A (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-09-02 Fusao Sakano Evacuation facility
JP2011127387A (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-06-30 Taisei Corp Sliding type tide wall
JP2012251343A (en) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-20 Kurosawa Construction Co Ltd Pc artificial ground with disaster preventing function, and apartment house block system with self-governing function as settlement

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JPH0886119A (en) * 1994-09-15 1996-04-02 Kowada Teruyuki Flooding protection wall
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JP2019157439A (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-19 清水建設株式会社 Long wall structure and method for construction of long wall structure
JP7033471B2 (en) 2018-03-09 2022-03-10 清水建設株式会社 Construction method of long wall type structure and long wall type structure
CN114787466A (en) * 2019-12-20 2022-07-22 龟井正通 Flood prevention facility with flood prevention enclosure wall
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CN114787466B (en) * 2019-12-20 2024-05-24 株式会社蓝地商业 Flood protection facility with flood protection enclosure

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