JP2013057975A - 電気光学ディスプレイを駆動する方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】複数の画素の各々が、2つの極限光学的状態を含む、少なくとも3つの光学的状態を表示することが可能である、複数の画素を有する双安定電気光学ディスプレイは、画素によって表示することができるグレーレベルの全ての間の遷移を達成することが可能な第1の駆動スキームと、画素の極限光学的状態のうちの1つにて終了する遷移のみを含有する第2の駆動スキームとを含む、方法によって駆動される。第2の駆動スキームの各遷移について、駆動されている前記画素の初期状態と最終状態との間で直接インパルスを印加するのに十分な期間にわたって、定電圧が印加される。
【選択図】図2
Description
(a)米国特許第6,504,524号
(b)米国特許第6,512,354号
(c)米国特許第6,531,997号
(d)米国特許第6,995,550号
(e)米国特許第7,012,600号および米国特許第7,312,794号、ならびに関連の米国特許出願第2006/0139310号および米国特許出願第2006/0139311号
(f)米国特許第7,034,783号
(g)米国特許第7,193,625号
(h)米国特許第7,259,744号
(i)米国特許出願第2005/0024353号
(j)米国特許出願第2005/0179642号
(k)米国特許第7,492,339号
(l)米国特許第7,327,511号
(m)米国特許出願第2005/0152018号
(n)米国特許出願第2005/0280626号
(o)米国特許出願第2006/0038772号
(p)米国特許第7,453,445号
(q)米国特許出願第2008/0024482号
(r)米国特許出願第2008/0048969号
(s)米国特許第7,119,772号
(t)米国特許出願第2008/0129667号
前述の特許および出願は、以下本明細書において、便宜上、集合的に「MEDEOD」(MEthods for Driving Electro−Optic Displays)出願として参照される。
(a)回転2色部材ディスプレイ(例えば、特許文献1、特許文献2、特許文献3、特許文献4、特許文献5、特許文献6、特許文献7、特許文献8、および特許文献9を参照)、
(b)エレクトロクロミックディスプレイ(例えば、非特許文献1、非特許文献2、非特許文献3、特許文献10、特許文献11、特許文献12を参照)、
(c)エレクトロウェッティングディスプレイ(非特許文献4、特許文献13を参照)、
(d)複数の荷電粒子が電場の影響下で流体を介して移動する、粒子ベースの電気泳動ディスプレイ(例えば、特許文献14、特許文献15、特許文献16、特許文献17、特許文献18、特許文献19、特許文献20、特許文献21、特許文献22、特許文献23、特許文献24、特許文献25、特許文献26、特許文献27、特許文献28、特許文献29、特許文献30、特許文献31、特許文献32、特許文献33、特許文献34、特許文献35、特許文献36、特許文献37、特許文献38、特許文献39、特許文献40、特許文献41、および前述の特許文献42で論議されている他のMITおよびE Ink特許および出願を参照)である。
(a)以前の状態依存性。少なくともいくつかの電気光学媒体では、画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、現在かつ所望の光学的状態だけでなく、画素の以前の光学的状態にも依存する。
(b)滞留時間依存性。少なくともいくつかの電気光学媒体では、画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、画素がその種々の光学的状態において費やした時間に依存する。この依存性の正確な性質は、よく理解されていないが、一般に、画素がより長くその現在の光学的状態であるほど、より多くのインパルスが必要とされる。
(c)温度依存性。画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、温度に大きく依存する。
(d)湿度依存性。画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、少なくともいくつかの種類の電気光学媒体では、周囲湿度に依存する。
(e)機械的均一性。画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、ディスプレイの機械的変動、例えば、電気光学媒体または関連積層接着剤の厚さの変動の影響を受ける場合がある。他の種類の機械的不均一性が、媒体の異なる製造バッチ間の必然的変動、製造公差、および材料変動から発生する場合がある。
(f)電圧誤差。画素に印加される実際のインパルスは、ドライバによって送達される電圧の避けられないわずかな誤差のため、理論的に印加されるインパルスとは必然的にわずかに異なる。
L*=116(R/R0)1/3−16、
という通常のCIE定義を有し、式中、Rは反射率であり、R0は標準反射率値である)という誤差を、各遷移上の正の方向にもたらすと想像されたい。50回の遷移後、この誤差は、10L*まで蓄積する。おそらく、より現実的には、ディスプレイの理論的反射率と実際の反射率との間の差に関して表された、各遷移の平均誤差が±0.2L*であると仮定されたい。100回の成功した遷移後、画素は、2L*という予期された状態からの平均偏差を表示し、そのような偏差は、ある種類の画像の平均的観察者にとって明白である。
したがって、一局面では、本発明は、2つの極限光学的状態を含む、少なくとも3つの光学的状態を表示することがそれぞれ可能である、複数の画素を有する双安定電気光学ディスプレイを駆動する方法を提供し、方法は、画素によって表示することができるグレーレベルの全ての間の遷移を達成することが可能な第1の駆動スキームを使用して、電気光学ディスプレイを駆動するステップと、画素の極限光学的状態のうちの1つにて終了する遷移のみを含有する、第2の駆動スキームを使用して、電気光学ディスプレイを駆動するステップとを含む。
本発明は、例えば、以下を提供する。
(項目1)
複数の画素の各々が、2つの極限光学的状態を含む、少なくとも3つの光学的状態を表示することが可能である、該複数の画素を有する双安定電気光学ディスプレイを駆動する方法であって、
該画素によって表示することができるグレーレベルの全ての間の遷移を達成することが可能な第1の駆動スキームを使用して、該電気光学ディスプレイを駆動することと、
該画素の該極限光学的状態のうちの1つにて終了する遷移のみを含有する、第2の駆動スキームを使用して、該電気光学ディスプレイを駆動することと
を含む、方法。
(項目2)
上記第2の駆動スキームの各遷移について、駆動されている上記画素の初期状態と最終状態との間で直接インパルスを印加するのに十分な期間にわたって、定電圧が印加される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目3)
第2の波形の少なくとも1つの遷移は、等しいインパルスであるが異極性の一対のパルスを組み込む、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目4)
上記第2の波形の少なくとも1つの遷移は、非ゼロ電圧の2つの期間の間にゼロ電圧の期間を組み込む、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目5)
上記第2の駆動スキームは、上記第1の駆動スキームとDC均衡化される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目6)
上記第2の駆動スキームは、グレースケール画像上で黒線または白線あるいはモノクロテキスト入力を描くために使用される、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目7)
項目1に記載の方法を実行するように配設される、ディスプレイコントローラまたはディスプレイ。
(項目8)
タッチセンサを有する、項目7に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目9)
回転2色部材またはエレクトロクロミック材料を含む、項目7に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目10)
流体中に配置され、かつ電場の影響下で該流体を介して移動することが可能な複数の荷電粒子を含む、電気泳動材料を含む、項目7に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目11)
上記荷電粒子および上記流体は、複数のカプセルまたはマイクロセル内に閉じ込められる、項目10に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目12)
上記電気泳動材料は、マイクロセルに閉じ込められる染色流体の中に、一種類の電気泳動粒子を含む、項目11に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目13)
上記荷電粒子および上記流体は、高分子材料を含む連続相によって取り囲まれる、複数の離散液滴として存在する、項目10に記載の電気光学ディスプレイ。
(項目14)
上記流体は、ガス状である、項目10に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目15)
項目7に記載のディスプレイを組み込む、電子ブック読取機、ポータブルコンピュータ、タブレットコンピュータ、携帯電話、スマートカード、標識、腕時計、棚ラベル、またはフラッシュドライブ。
Claims (15)
- 複数の画素を有する双安定電気光学ディスプレイを駆動する方法であって、該複数の画素のそれぞれは、少なくとも3つの光学的状態を表示することが可能であり、該少なくとも3つの光学的状態は、2つの極限光学的状態を含み、該方法は、
該複数の画素によって表示することが可能なすべてのグレーレベルの間の遷移を達成することが可能な第1の駆動スキームを使用して、該電気光学ディスプレイを駆動することと、
該複数の画素によって表示することが可能な該グレーレベルのそれぞれにおいて開始し、該複数の画素の該極限光学的状態のうちの1つにおいて終了する遷移のみを含む第2の駆動スキームを使用して、該電気光学ディスプレイを駆動することと
を含む、方法。 - 前記第2の駆動スキームの各遷移について、駆動されている前記画素の初期状態と最終状態との間に定電圧が印加される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の波形の少なくとも1つの遷移は、等しいインパルスであるが異極性の一対のパルスを組み込む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の波形の少なくとも1つの遷移は、非ゼロ電圧の2つの期間の間にゼロ電圧の期間を組み込む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の駆動スキームは、前記第1の駆動スキームとDC均衡化される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の駆動スキームは、グレースケール画像上で黒線または白線あるいはモノクロテキスト入力を描くために使用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法を実行するように構成されているディスプレイコントローラまたはディスプレイ。
- タッチセンサを有する、請求項7に記載のディスプレイ。
- 回転2色部材またはエレクトロクロミック材料を含む、請求項7に記載のディスプレイ。
- 流体中に配置され、かつ、電場の影響下で該流体を介して移動することが可能な複数の荷電粒子を含む、電気泳動材料を含む、請求項7に記載のディスプレイ。
- 前記荷電粒子および前記流体は、複数のカプセルまたは複数のマイクロセル内に閉じ込められている、請求項10に記載のディスプレイ。
- 前記電気泳動材料は、マイクロセルに閉じ込められる染色流体の中に、一種類の電気泳動粒子を含む、請求項11に記載のディスプレイ。
- 前記荷電粒子および前記流体は、高分子材料を含む連続相によって取り囲まれる、複数の離散液滴として存在する、請求項10に記載の電気光学ディスプレイ。
- 前記流体は、ガス状である、請求項10に記載のディスプレイ。
- 請求項7に記載のディスプレイを組み込む、電子ブック読取機、ポータブルコンピュータ、タブレットコンピュータ、携帯電話、スマートカード、標識、腕時計、棚ラベル、または、フラッシュドライブ。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102027528A (zh) | 2011-04-20 |
JP5904931B2 (ja) | 2016-04-20 |
JP6284564B2 (ja) | 2018-02-28 |
JP2011520137A (ja) | 2011-07-14 |
US9672766B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
WO2009129217A3 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
HK1152582A1 (en) | 2012-03-02 |
CN102027528B (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
WO2009129217A2 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
JP2014199466A (ja) | 2014-10-23 |
JP2016106280A (ja) | 2016-06-16 |
US20090195568A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
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