JP2012244470A - Electric field communication device - Google Patents

Electric field communication device Download PDF

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JP2012244470A
JP2012244470A JP2011113592A JP2011113592A JP2012244470A JP 2012244470 A JP2012244470 A JP 2012244470A JP 2011113592 A JP2011113592 A JP 2011113592A JP 2011113592 A JP2011113592 A JP 2011113592A JP 2012244470 A JP2012244470 A JP 2012244470A
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electric field
communication
noise
environmental noise
signal
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JP5462218B2 (en
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Makoto Yaita
信 矢板
Ryusuke Kawano
龍介 川野
Aiichiro Sasaki
愛一郎 佐々木
Takako Ishihara
隆子 石原
Mitsuru Shinagawa
満 品川
Katsuyuki Ochiai
克幸 落合
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Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the communication quality of electric field communication.SOLUTION: When a human body H as an electric field transmission medium contacts with a communication electrode 10 of an installation-type electric field communication device 100, the electric field communication device 100 receives a communication signal having an environmental noise A on a communication path formed with a portable electric field communication device 300, receives a signal having another environmental noise B via another communication path, and cancels the environmental noise A included in the communication signal by the other environmental noise B.

Description

本発明は、電極から電界を電界伝達媒体に誘起して電界通信を行う技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a technique for performing electric field communication by inducing an electric field from an electrode into an electric field transmission medium.

従来より、電界伝達媒体に対して送信すべき情報に基づく電界を電極から誘起させ、また、電界伝達媒体に誘起された電界を電極で検出して通信を行う電界通信装置が提案されている(特許文献1参照)。   Conventionally, an electric field communication device has been proposed in which an electric field based on information to be transmitted to an electric field transmission medium is induced from an electrode, and an electric field induced in the electric field transmission medium is detected by the electrode to perform communication ( Patent Document 1).

このような電界通信装置は用途に応じて様々な場面で利用されるが、一般的には、例えば図8に示すように、人Hにより所持される携帯用電界通信装置300や、床や壁等の所定エリアに設置される設置用電界通信装置100として利用される。   Such an electric field communication device is used in various scenes depending on the application. In general, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, a portable electric field communication device 300 carried by a person H, a floor, a wall, etc. It is used as an installation electric field communication apparatus 100 installed in a predetermined area.

携帯用電界通信装置300を所持した人Hが上記所定エリアに配置された設置用電界通信装置100の通信電極10に接触した場合、電界伝達媒体としての人体Hを介して、携帯用電界通信装置300と設置用電界通信装置100との間に通信経路Wが形成され、電界により通信が行われる。   When the person H carrying the portable electric field communication device 300 comes into contact with the communication electrode 10 of the electric field communication device 100 for installation arranged in the predetermined area, the portable electric field communication device is passed through the human body H as an electric field transmission medium. A communication path W is formed between the installation electric field communication device 100 and the installation electric field communication apparatus 100, and communication is performed by an electric field.

具体的には、人体Hと、通信電極10と、通信電極10と設置用電界通信装置100との間を電気的に接続するケーブル11とを介して両装置間で電界により通信信号が送受される。   Specifically, a communication signal is transmitted and received by an electric field between both devices via the human body H, the communication electrode 10, and the cable 11 that electrically connects the communication electrode 10 and the installation electric field communication device 100. The

このとき、その通信経路上には、その設置環境において放射又は誘導された環境雑音が流れているため、その環境雑音が重畳された状態の通信信号が相手の装置に伝達される。すなわち、人体Hと通信電極10とケーブル11とに放射又は誘導されたそれぞれの環境雑音A1〜A3が、携帯用電界通信装置300から出力された通信信号と共に伝達される。   At this time, since the environmental noise radiated or induced in the installation environment flows on the communication path, a communication signal in a state where the environmental noise is superimposed is transmitted to the partner apparatus. That is, the environmental noises A1 to A3 radiated or induced to the human body H, the communication electrode 10, and the cable 11 are transmitted together with the communication signal output from the portable electric field communication device 300.

特開2004−274452号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-274452

ここで、電界通信は人体を通信経路とすることから、両装置間で送受される通信信号の強度は極めて小さいため、環境雑音の影響を受け易く、環境雑音の大きい場所では十分なSN比が得られずに一定の通信品質を確保できないという課題がある。   Here, since electric field communication uses the human body as a communication path, the intensity of communication signals transmitted and received between both devices is extremely small, and is therefore easily affected by environmental noise. There is a problem that a certain communication quality cannot be secured without being obtained.

本発明は、上記課題を鑑みてなされたものであり、その課題とするところは、電界通信の通信品質を向上させることにある。   This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, The place made into the subject is to improve the communication quality of electric field communication.

請求項1記載の電界通信装置は、電極から電界を電界伝達媒体に誘起して電界通信を行うことが可能な電界通信装置において、前記電界伝達媒体が前記電極に接触した際に他の電界通信装置との間で形成される通信経路上の環境雑音を有する通信信号を受信する通信信号受信手段と、前記環境雑音を収集する雑音収集媒体により環境雑音の信号を受信する雑音信号受信手段と、前記通信信号受信手段で受信した前記通信信号に含まれる環境雑音を、前記雑音信号受信手段で受信した前記環境雑音の信号で相殺する雑音相殺手段と、を有することを特徴とする。   The electric field communication device according to claim 1, wherein electric field communication can be performed by inducing an electric field from an electrode to the electric field transmission medium, and when the electric field transmission medium contacts the electrode, A communication signal receiving means for receiving a communication signal having an environmental noise on a communication path formed with the apparatus; a noise signal receiving means for receiving an environmental noise signal by a noise collecting medium for collecting the environmental noise; And noise canceling means for canceling environmental noise included in the communication signal received by the communication signal receiving means with the signal of the environmental noise received by the noise signal receiving means.

本発明によれば、電界伝達媒体が電界通信装置の電極に接触した際に他の電界通信装置との間で形成される通信経路上の環境雑音を有する通信信号を受信し、環境雑音を収集する雑音収集媒体により環境雑音の信号を受信して、通信信号に含まれる環境雑音を環境雑音の信号で相殺するため、電界通信の通信品質を向上させることができる。   According to the present invention, when an electric field transmission medium contacts an electrode of an electric field communication device, a communication signal having environmental noise on a communication path formed with another electric field communication device is received and collected. Since the environmental noise signal is received by the noise collection medium and the environmental noise contained in the communication signal is canceled by the environmental noise signal, the communication quality of the electric field communication can be improved.

請求項2記載の電界通信装置は、請求項1記載の電界通信装置において、前記電界通信装置の電極は壁面又は床面に設置され、前記雑音収集媒体は、前記壁面若しくは前記床面に対して前記電界伝達媒体の位置に対称となるように配置、又は、前記電界伝達媒体の位置に隣接するように配置されていることを特徴とする。   The electric field communication device according to claim 2 is the electric field communication device according to claim 1, wherein an electrode of the electric field communication device is installed on a wall surface or a floor surface, and the noise collection medium is disposed on the wall surface or the floor surface. It arrange | positions so that it may become symmetrical with the position of the said electric field transmission medium, or it arrange | positions so that it may adjoin to the position of the said electric field transmission medium, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

本発明によれば、電界通信装置の電極は壁面又は床面に設置され、雑音収集媒体は、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる壁面若しくは床面に対して電界伝達媒体の位置に対称となるように配置、又は、電界伝達媒体の位置に隣接するように配置されているため、他の環境雑音の信号のレベルを通信信号に含まれる環境雑音のレベルに近づけることができ、電界通信の通信品質をより向上させることができる。   According to the present invention, the electrodes of the electric field communication device are installed on the wall surface or the floor surface, and the noise collection medium is symmetric with respect to the position of the electric field transmission medium with respect to the wall surface or floor surface serving as a radiation source for environmental noise. In other words, the signal level of other environmental noise can be brought close to the level of environmental noise included in the communication signal, so that the communication of electric field communication can be performed. The quality can be further improved.

請求項3記載の電界通信装置は、請求項1又は2記載の電界通信装置において、前記雑音収集媒体は、雑音収集電極及び/又は雑音収集ファントムであることを特徴とする。   The electric field communication apparatus according to claim 3 is the electric field communication apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the noise collection medium is a noise collection electrode and / or a noise collection phantom.

請求項4記載の電界通信装置は、請求項3記載の電界通信装置において、前記雑音収集ファントムは、前記電界伝達媒体としての人体で収集される環境雑音と同レベルの環境雑音を収集することを特徴とする。   The electric field communication device according to claim 4 is the electric field communication device according to claim 3, wherein the noise collection phantom collects environmental noise of the same level as the environmental noise collected by the human body as the electric field transmission medium. Features.

本発明によれば、雑音収集ファントムは、電界伝達媒体としての人体で収集される環境雑音と同レベルの環境雑音を収集するため、他の環境雑音の信号のレベルを通信信号に含まれる環境雑音のレベルに更に近づけることができ、電界通信の通信品質をより更に向上させることができる。   According to the present invention, the noise collection phantom collects the environmental noise of the same level as the environmental noise collected by the human body as the electric field transmission medium, so that the level of the signal of the other environmental noise is included in the communication signal. The communication quality of electric field communication can be further improved.

請求項5記載の電界通信装置は、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の電界通信装置において、前記雑音相殺手段は、前記通信信号に前記他の環境雑音の信号の逆相信号を加える、又は、前記通信信号から前記他の環境雑音の信号を引くことを特徴とする。   The electric field communication apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the noise canceling unit adds a negative phase signal of the signal of the other environmental noise to the communication signal. Alternatively, the signal of the other environmental noise is subtracted from the communication signal.

本発明によれば、電界通信の通信品質を向上させることができる。   According to the present invention, the communication quality of electric field communication can be improved.

第1の実施の形態に係る電界通信装置の利用形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the utilization form of the electric field communication apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 設置用電界通信装置の雑音キャンセル機構を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the noise cancellation mechanism of the electric field communication apparatus for installation. 携帯用電界通信装置の機能構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the function structure of a portable electric field communication apparatus. 第2の実施の形態に係る電界通信装置の利用形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the utilization form of the electric field communication apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. 第3の実施の形態に係る電界通信装置の利用形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the utilization form of the electric field communication apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. 第4の実施の形態に係る電界通信装置の利用形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the utilization form of the electric field communication apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment. 第5の実施の形態に係る電界通信装置の利用形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the utilization form of the electric field communication apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment. 従来の電界通信装置の利用形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the utilization form of the conventional electric field communication apparatus.

以下、本発明を実施する一実施の形態について図面を用いて説明する。但し、本発明は多くの異なる様態で実施することが可能であり、本実施の形態の記載内容に限定して解釈すべきではない。   Hereinafter, an embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different modes and should not be construed as being limited to the description of the present embodiment.

〔第1の実施の形態〕
図1は、第1の実施の形態に係る電界通信装置の利用形態を示す図である。本電界通信装置は、ゲートのドア周辺に設置された設置用電界通信装置100と、人Hにより所持された携帯用電界通信装置300とで構成される。
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a usage pattern of the electric field communication device according to the first embodiment. The electric field communication apparatus includes an installation electric field communication apparatus 100 installed around a gate door and a portable electric field communication apparatus 300 carried by a person H.

最初に、設置用電界通信装置100の構成および機能について説明する。   First, the configuration and function of the installation electric field communication apparatus 100 will be described.

設置用電界通信装置100は、電極から電界を電界伝達媒体に誘起して電界通信を行うことが可能であり、図1及び図2に示すように、第1通信電極10と、第2通信電極11と、第1ケーブル12と、第2ケーブル13と、第3ケーブル14と、雑音収集ファントム15と、通信信号受信部16と、第1可変増幅部17と、雑音信号受信部18と、第2可変増幅部19と、逆相信号生成部20と、合成部21と、復調部22とで主に構成される。   The installation electric field communication device 100 can perform electric field communication by inducing an electric field from an electrode to an electric field transmission medium. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first communication electrode 10 and the second communication electrode 11, the first cable 12, the second cable 13, the third cable 14, the noise collecting phantom 15, the communication signal receiving unit 16, the first variable amplifying unit 17, the noise signal receiving unit 18, 2 The variable amplification unit 19, the anti-phase signal generation unit 20, the synthesis unit 21, and the demodulation unit 22 are mainly configured.

図2に示した各部は、抵抗,インダクタ,コンデンサ,スイッチ,ダイオード,トランジスタ等の電気的素子が電気伝導体でつながった電気回路により構成される。   Each part shown in FIG. 2 is configured by an electric circuit in which electric elements such as a resistor, an inductor, a capacitor, a switch, a diode, and a transistor are connected by an electric conductor.

第1通信電極10は、ゲートであるドア横の壁面の表側に設置され、電界伝達媒体としての人体Hにより接触された際に、その人Hが所持する携帯用電界通信装置300から出力された通信信号を電界により受信する。   The first communication electrode 10 is installed on the front side of the wall next to the door, which is a gate, and is output from the portable electric field communication device 300 possessed by the person H when contacted by the human body H as an electric field transmission medium. A communication signal is received by an electric field.

第2通信電極11は、第1通信電極10と同サイズ・同形状・同材料で形成され、絶縁体や壁面を挟んで第1通信電極10に対向するように壁面の裏側に配置されている。第1通信電極10と同サイズ・同形状・同材料で形成され、絶縁体を介して壁面に対して第1通信電極10の位置に対称となるように配置されているため、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる壁面に対し等価な条件となり、電界通信時に第1通信電極10で収集される環境雑音A2と同レベル(同等の信号強度)の環境雑音B2が収集される。   The second communication electrode 11 is formed of the same size, shape, and material as the first communication electrode 10, and is disposed on the back side of the wall surface so as to face the first communication electrode 10 with an insulator or wall surface interposed therebetween. . Since it is formed of the same size, shape, and material as the first communication electrode 10 and is arranged so as to be symmetrical to the position of the first communication electrode 10 with respect to the wall surface via an insulator, it emits environmental noise. The environmental noise B2 having the same level (equivalent signal intensity) as the environmental noise A2 collected by the first communication electrode 10 during electric field communication is collected under conditions equivalent to the wall surface serving as the induction source.

第1ケーブル12は、第1通信電極10と通信信号受信部16との間を電気的に接続し、第1通信電極10で受信した通信信号を通信信号受信部16に伝達する。   The first cable 12 electrically connects the first communication electrode 10 and the communication signal receiving unit 16, and transmits the communication signal received by the first communication electrode 10 to the communication signal receiving unit 16.

第2ケーブル13は、第1ケーブル12と同じ長さ・同形状・同材料で形成され、壁面を挟んで第1ケーブル12に対向するように壁面の裏側に配置されており、第2通信電極11と雑音信号受信部18との間を電気的に接続する。第1ケーブル12と同じ長さ・同形状・同材料で形成され、壁面に対して第1ケーブル12の位置に対称となるように配置されているため、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる壁面に対し等価な条件となり、電界通信時に第1ケーブル12で収集される環境雑音A3と同レベルの環境雑音B3が収集される。   The second cable 13 is formed of the same length, the same shape, and the same material as the first cable 12, and is disposed on the back side of the wall surface so as to face the first cable 12 with the wall surface interposed therebetween. 11 and the noise signal receiver 18 are electrically connected. Because the first cable 12 is formed of the same length, shape, and material as the first cable 12 and is arranged so as to be symmetric with respect to the wall surface of the first cable 12, the wall surface that serves as a radiation source and induction source for environmental noise The environmental noise B3 is collected at the same level as the environmental noise A3 collected by the first cable 12 during electric field communication.

第3ケーブル14は、第2通信電極11と雑音収集ファントム15との間を電気的に接続する。   The third cable 14 electrically connects the second communication electrode 11 and the noise collection phantom 15.

雑音収集ファントム15は、直径約20cm×高さ約100cmの大きさを持つ円柱状の形状を有する模擬生体であり、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる壁面に対して人体Hの位置に対称となるように壁面の裏側に配置され、人体Hで収集される環境雑音A1と同レベルの環境雑音B1を収集するように作製されている。   The noise collection phantom 15 is a simulated living body having a cylindrical shape with a diameter of about 20 cm × height of about 100 cm, and is symmetrical to the position of the human body H with respect to the wall surface that is the source of environmental noise radiation and guidance. It is arranged on the back side of the wall so that the environmental noise B1 of the same level as the environmental noise A1 collected by the human body H is collected.

なお、生理食塩水やゲルが注入されたファントムや、セラミック製のファントム、人型形状のファントムも利用できる。サイズ・形状・材料・配置位置により収集する環境雑音のレベル(受信雑音強度)が変化するため、電磁的特性が人体に近く、全身人型のファントムが望ましいが、電場や磁場に対して人体と同様の環境雑音収集特性を有する雑音収集媒体であればよい。   A phantom into which physiological saline or gel is injected, a ceramic phantom, or a humanoid phantom can also be used. The environmental noise level (received noise intensity) to be collected varies depending on the size, shape, material, and location, so the electromagnetic characteristics are close to that of the human body, and a whole-body humanoid phantom is desirable. Any noise collection medium having similar environmental noise collection characteristics may be used.

通信信号受信部16は、第1ケーブル12を経由して、第1通信電極10により受信された通信信号を受信する。なお、受信した通信信号には、人体Hで収集された環境雑音A1と、第1通信電極10で収集された環境雑音A2と、第1ケーブル12で収集された環境雑音A3とが重畳されている。以下、それら全ての環境雑音A1〜A3については環境雑音Aと略称する。   The communication signal receiving unit 16 receives a communication signal received by the first communication electrode 10 via the first cable 12. The received communication signal is superimposed with the environmental noise A1 collected by the human body H, the environmental noise A2 collected by the first communication electrode 10, and the environmental noise A3 collected by the first cable 12. Yes. Hereinafter, all these environmental noises A1 to A3 are abbreviated as environmental noise A.

第1可変増幅部17は、通信信号受信部16で受信した環境雑音Aを含む通信信号を所定の強度に増幅する。   The first variable amplification unit 17 amplifies the communication signal including the environmental noise A received by the communication signal reception unit 16 to a predetermined intensity.

雑音信号受信部18は、雑音収集ファントム15と第3ケーブル14と第2通信電極11と第2ケーブル13とを経由して、雑音収集ファントム15で収集された環境雑音B1と、第2通信電極11で収集された環境雑音B2と、第2ケーブル13で収集された環境雑音B3とを有する環境雑音Bの信号を受信する。   The noise signal receiving unit 18 passes the noise collection phantom 15, the third cable 14, the second communication electrode 11, and the second cable 13, the environmental noise B1 collected by the noise collection phantom 15, and the second communication electrode. 11 receives the environmental noise B signal having the environmental noise B2 collected at 11 and the environmental noise B3 collected at the second cable 13.

第2可変増幅部19は、第1可変増幅部17による、環境雑音Aの増幅された強度量に合わせるため、雑音信号受信部18で受信した環境雑音Bの信号を、第1可変増幅部17で増幅された強度と同じ強度に増幅する。   The second variable amplifying unit 19 adjusts the signal of the environmental noise B received by the noise signal receiving unit 18 to the first variable amplifying unit 17 in order to match the amplified intensity of the environmental noise A by the first variable amplifying unit 17. Amplified to the same intensity as that amplified in.

逆相信号生成部20は、第2可変増幅部19で増幅された環境雑音Bの信号の逆相信号を生成する。   The negative phase signal generation unit 20 generates a negative phase signal of the environmental noise B signal amplified by the second variable amplification unit 19.

合成部21は、第1可変増幅部17で増幅された通信信号(環境雑音Aを含む)に、逆相信号生成部20で生成された逆相信号(環境雑音Bの信号の逆相信号)を合成する。この合成により、通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aが、他の通信経路を経由して受信した環境雑音Bによりキャンセル(相殺)される。なお、合成部21の出力のSN比を観測しながら第2可変増幅部19による増幅量を微調整することにより、逆相信号生成部20による雑音信号損失や個々の回路やその接続部による信号損失も含めて雑音信号を最適にキャンセルでき、SN比を最大とすることができる。   The synthesizing unit 21 adds the communication signal (including the environmental noise A) amplified by the first variable amplification unit 17 to the anti-phase signal generated by the anti-phase signal generating unit 20 (the anti-phase signal of the signal of the environmental noise B). Is synthesized. By this synthesis, the environmental noise A included in the communication signal is canceled (offset) by the environmental noise B received via another communication path. Note that, by observing the S / N ratio of the output of the combining unit 21 and finely adjusting the amount of amplification by the second variable amplification unit 19, noise signal loss by the reverse phase signal generation unit 20 and signals by individual circuits and their connection units The noise signal including the loss can be canceled optimally, and the S / N ratio can be maximized.

復調部22は、合成部21で合成された合成信号から受信すべき情報を復調し、上位の情報処理装置(不図示)に送信する。   The demodulator 22 demodulates information to be received from the synthesized signal synthesized by the synthesizer 21 and transmits it to a higher-level information processing device (not shown).

以上、設置用電界通信装置100の構成等について説明した。なお、設置用電界通信装置100は第1通信電極10から電界により通信信号を送信(出力)する送信部も具備しているが、本実施の形態での説明は省略する。   The configuration and the like of the installation electric field communication apparatus 100 have been described above. The installation electric field communication apparatus 100 also includes a transmission unit that transmits (outputs) a communication signal from the first communication electrode 10 by an electric field, but a description thereof in this embodiment is omitted.

次に、携帯用電界通信装置300の構成および機能について説明する。   Next, the configuration and function of the portable electric field communication device 300 will be described.

携帯用電界通信装置300は、電極から電界を電界伝達媒体に誘起して電界通信を行うことが可能であり、図3に示すように、電界を電界伝達媒体に誘起する第1電極32と第2電極33とを携帯用電界通信装置300の外形を形成している筐体の対向表面にそれぞれ配置し、内部に格納されたトランシーバ回路31により、送信すべき情報に基づく電界を人体等の電界伝達媒体に誘起して電界通信を行う。   The portable electric field communication apparatus 300 can perform electric field communication by inducing an electric field from an electrode to an electric field transmission medium, and the first electrode 32 and the first electrode 32 for inducing an electric field in the electric field transmission medium as shown in FIG. The two electrodes 33 are respectively arranged on the opposing surfaces of the casing forming the outer shape of the portable electric field communication device 300, and the electric field based on the information to be transmitted is transmitted by the transceiver circuit 31 stored therein. Electric field communication is performed by inducing in the transmission medium.

以上、携帯用電界通信装置300の構成等について説明した。なお、設置用電界通信装置100および携帯用電界通信装置300において、第1,第2通信電極10,11や第1,第2電極32,33から電界を電界伝達媒体に誘起して情報の送受を行う処理(すなわち、各装置内に具備されたトランシーバ回路等による電界通信処理)については特許文献1で説明されたものと同様であるため、説明は省略する。   The configuration of the portable electric field communication device 300 has been described above. In the installation electric field communication apparatus 100 and the portable electric field communication apparatus 300, the electric field is induced in the electric field transmission medium from the first and second communication electrodes 10 and 11 and the first and second electrodes 32 and 33 to transmit and receive information. Since the processing (that is, electric field communication processing by a transceiver circuit or the like provided in each device) is the same as that described in Patent Document 1, description thereof is omitted.

続いて、このような機能を有する設置用電界通信装置100および携帯用電界通信装置300の全体動作について説明する。   Subsequently, the overall operation of the installation electric field communication apparatus 100 and the portable electric field communication apparatus 300 having such functions will be described.

携帯用電界通信装置300は、対向配置された第1電極32と第2電極33とから、所定の周波数で変調された送信すべき情報(例えば、所持者の識別情報等)を通信信号としてそれぞれ出力している。人Hにより所持されているため、電界伝達媒体である人体Hに対して通信信号が出力されている。   The portable electric field communication device 300 uses, as a communication signal, information to be transmitted (for example, identification information of the owner, etc.) modulated at a predetermined frequency from the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33 that are arranged to face each other. Output. Since it is possessed by the person H, a communication signal is output to the human body H which is an electric field transmission medium.

このとき、その人Hがドア横の第1通信電極10に触れると、電界伝達媒体としての人Hと、第1通信電極10と、第1ケーブル12とを経由して、携帯用電界通信装置300から出力されている通信信号が設置用電界通信装置100の通信信号受信部16に伝達される。   At this time, when the person H touches the first communication electrode 10 beside the door, the portable electric field communication device passes through the person H as the electric field transmission medium, the first communication electrode 10, and the first cable 12. The communication signal output from 300 is transmitted to the communication signal receiving unit 16 of the installation electric field communication apparatus 100.

その伝達の際、人体Hには環境から放射又は誘導された環境雑音A1が収集され、第1通信電極10には同様の環境雑音A2が収集され、第1ケーブル12には同様の環境雑音A3が収集されているため、通信信号受信部16は、環境雑音Aを含む通信信号を受信する。   During the transmission, environmental noise A1 radiated or induced from the environment is collected in the human body H, similar environmental noise A2 is collected in the first communication electrode 10, and similar environmental noise A3 is collected in the first cable 12. Therefore, the communication signal receiving unit 16 receives a communication signal including the environmental noise A.

一方、設置用電界通信装置100の雑音信号受信部18は、雑音収集ファントム15で収集された環境雑音B1と、第2通信電極11で収集された環境雑音B2と、第2ケーブル13で収集された環境雑音B3とを含む環境雑音Bの信号を受信する。   On the other hand, the noise signal receiving unit 18 of the installation electric field communication device 100 is collected by the environmental noise B1 collected by the noise collecting phantom 15, the environmental noise B2 collected by the second communication electrode 11, and the second cable 13. A signal of environmental noise B including the environmental noise B3 is received.

ここで、第2通信電極11は、第1通信電極10と同サイズ・同形状・同材料で形成され、絶縁体を介して壁面に対して第1通信電極10の位置に対称となるように配置されているため、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる壁面に対し等価な条件となり、雑音信号受信部18は、環境雑音A2と同レベルの環境雑音B2を受信する。   Here, the second communication electrode 11 is formed of the same size, the same shape, and the same material as the first communication electrode 10, and is symmetrical to the position of the first communication electrode 10 with respect to the wall surface via the insulator. Therefore, the noise signal receiving unit 18 receives the environmental noise B2 having the same level as that of the environmental noise A2.

また、第2ケーブル13は、第1ケーブル12と同じ長さ・同形状・同材料で形成され、壁面に対して第1ケーブル12の位置に対称となるように配置されているため、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる壁面に対し等価な条件となり、雑音信号受信部18は、環境雑音A3と同レベルの環境雑音B3を受信する。   Further, since the second cable 13 is formed of the same length, the same shape, and the same material as the first cable 12 and is arranged so as to be symmetric with respect to the wall surface, the environmental noise The noise signal receiving unit 18 receives the environmental noise B3 having the same level as the environmental noise A3.

また、雑音収集ファントム15は、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる壁面に対して人体Hの位置に対称となるように壁面の裏側に配置され、人体Hで収集される環境雑音A1と同レベルの環境雑音B1を収集するように作製されているため、環境雑音A1と同レベルの環境雑音B1を受信する。   The noise collection phantom 15 is disposed on the back side of the wall surface so as to be symmetrical to the position of the human body H with respect to the wall surface serving as a radiation source and induction source of the environmental noise, and is at the same level as the environmental noise A1 collected by the human body H Therefore, the environmental noise B1 of the same level as the environmental noise A1 is received.

すなわち、雑音信号受信部18は、環境雑音Aと同レベルの環境雑音Bの信号を受信することになる。   That is, the noise signal receiving unit 18 receives a signal of the environmental noise B at the same level as the environmental noise A.

その後、逆相信号生成部20が、増幅後の環境雑音Bの信号の逆相信号を生成し、合成部21が、増幅後の通信信号(環境雑音Aを含む)と、逆相信号(環境雑音Bの信号の逆相信号)とを合成する。この合成により、通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aが、他の通信経路を経由して受信した環境雑音Bによりキャンセルされる。   Thereafter, the anti-phase signal generation unit 20 generates an anti-phase signal of the amplified environmental noise B signal, and the synthesis unit 21 performs the amplification of the communication signal (including the environmental noise A) and the anti-phase signal (environment noise). And the anti-phase signal of the noise B signal). By this synthesis, the environmental noise A included in the communication signal is canceled by the environmental noise B received via another communication path.

最後に、復調部22が、合成された合成信号から受信すべき情報(例えば、所持者の識別情報等)を復調し、上位の情報処理装置に送信する。   Finally, the demodulator 22 demodulates information (for example, identification information of the owner) to be received from the synthesized signal, and transmits the demodulated information to the upper information processing apparatus.

なお、情報処理装置は、送信された識別情報等を用いて認証し、ゲート通過に対する許可不許可を判定(認証成功の場合には許可と判定し、認証不成功の場合には不許可と判定)し、許可の場合には解錠信号をドアノブ等に設置された開錠機構等に出力し、不許可の場合には施錠信号を出力する。これにより、ゲートを通過している通過人の通過可・不可を制御する。   The information processing apparatus authenticates using the transmitted identification information, etc., and determines whether or not to permit permission to pass through the gate (determines permission if authentication is successful, and determines disapproval if authentication is unsuccessful. In the case of permission, an unlocking signal is output to an unlocking mechanism installed in a door knob or the like, and in the case of disapproval, a locking signal is output. Thereby, passability of passers passing through the gate is controlled.

すなわち、本実施の形態によれば、電界伝達媒体としての人体Hが設置用電界通信装置100の通信電極10に接触した際に、携帯用電界通信装置300との間で形成される通信経路上の環境雑音Aを有する通信信号を受信し、他の通信経路を経由して他の環境雑音Bの信号を受信して、通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aを他の環境雑音Bの信号でキャンセルするので、環境雑音を抑制してSN比を改善し、電界通信の通信品質を向上させることができる。これにより、通信が困難なレベルの環境雑音が存在する場所であっても、通信品質を確保することができる。   That is, according to the present embodiment, when the human body H as the electric field transmission medium contacts the communication electrode 10 of the installation electric field communication device 100, the communication path formed with the portable electric field communication device 300 is The communication signal having the environmental noise A is received, the other environmental noise B signal is received through another communication path, and the environmental noise A included in the communication signal is canceled by the other environmental noise B signal. Therefore, it is possible to suppress environmental noise, improve the SN ratio, and improve the communication quality of electric field communication. As a result, communication quality can be ensured even in a place where there is environmental noise at a level where communication is difficult.

また、本実施の形態によれば、第2通信電極11,第2ケーブル13のサイズ・形状・材料等をそれぞれ第1通信電極10,第1ケーブル12と同等とし、第2通信電極11,第2ケーブル13,雑音収集ファントム15の配置位置を、それぞれ、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる壁面に対して第2通信電極11,第2ケーブル13,人体Hに対称にしているので、環境雑音Bのレベルを通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aのレベルに近づけることができ、電界通信の通信品質をより向上させることができる。   In addition, according to the present embodiment, the size, shape, material, and the like of the second communication electrode 11 and the second cable 13 are the same as those of the first communication electrode 10 and the first cable 12, respectively. Since the arrangement positions of the two cables 13 and the noise collection phantom 15 are made symmetrical to the second communication electrode 11, the second cable 13, and the human body H with respect to the wall surface that is the radiation source and the induction source of the environmental noise, respectively. The level of B can be brought close to the level of environmental noise A included in the communication signal, and the communication quality of electric field communication can be further improved.

なお、本実施の形態では、環境雑音Bの信号の逆相信号を、環境雑音Aを含む通信信号に合成させてキャンセルする方法について説明したが、逆相信号生成部20および合成部21に代えて、環境雑音Aを含む通信信号から環境雑音Bを引く差動構成を採用してもよい。   In the present embodiment, a method has been described in which a reverse phase signal of the signal of the environmental noise B is combined with a communication signal including the environmental noise A to cancel, but the reverse phase signal generation unit 20 and the synthesis unit 21 are used instead. Thus, a differential configuration in which the environmental noise B is subtracted from the communication signal including the environmental noise A may be employed.

また、本実施の形態では、第1通信電極10はドア横の壁面に設置された壁電極として説明したが、ドアノブに設置されたドアノブ電極としてもよい。   In the present embodiment, the first communication electrode 10 has been described as a wall electrode installed on a wall surface beside the door, but may be a door knob electrode installed on a door knob.

〔第2の実施の形態〕
第1の実施の形態では、主に環境雑音B1については、人体Hが拾う環境雑音をキャンセルする方法について説明した。
[Second Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the method of canceling the environmental noise picked up by the human body H has been described mainly for the environmental noise B1.

一方、第2の実施の形態では、図4に示すように、第1の実施の形態で用いた雑音収集ファントム15に代えて、鉄筋や金属壁からの環境雑音を拾う雑音収集電極23を利用している。その他の構成は、第1の実施の形態と同様である。   On the other hand, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, instead of the noise collection phantom 15 used in the first embodiment, a noise collection electrode 23 that picks up environmental noise from a reinforcing bar or a metal wall is used. doing. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

この雑音収集電極23は、約40cm四方の正方形銅板で構成され、人体Hに踏まれないように人Hの通路側の床上又はカーペット下等に人Hの立ち位置に隣接配置され、鉄筋や金属壁等から放射又は誘導される環境雑音B1を収集する。   The noise collecting electrode 23 is composed of a square copper plate of about 40 cm square, and is arranged adjacent to the standing position of the person H on the floor or under the carpet of the person H so as not to be stepped on by the human body H. Environmental noise B1 radiated or induced from a wall or the like is collected.

雑音収集ファントム15よりも環境雑音収集能力は低いが、通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aを他の環境雑音Bの信号でキャンセルする動作は共通しているため、雑音収集ファントム15に代えて雑音収集電極23を利用した場合であっても、第1の実施の形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。なお、実験の結果、10dB程度のSN比が改善されたことを確認している。   Although the environmental noise collection capability is lower than that of the noise collection phantom 15, the operation of canceling the environmental noise A included in the communication signal with the signal of the other environmental noise B is common. Even when the electrode 23 is used, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the SN ratio of about 10 dB was improved.

なお、第1の実施の形態と同様に、雑音収集電極23を、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる壁面に対して人体Hの立ち位置に対称となるように壁面の裏側に配置してもよい。これにより、環境雑音Bのレベルを通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aのレベルに近づけることができ、電界通信の通信品質をより向上させることができる。   Similarly to the first embodiment, the noise collecting electrode 23 may be arranged on the back side of the wall surface so as to be symmetric with respect to the standing position of the human body H with respect to the wall surface serving as an environment noise radiation and induction source. Good. Thereby, the level of the environmental noise B can be brought close to the level of the environmental noise A included in the communication signal, and the communication quality of the electric field communication can be further improved.

〔第3の実施の形態〕
第3の実施の形態では、図5に示すように、第1通信電極10を人Hの通路側の床上又はカーペット下等に配置し、第2通信電極11を絶縁体や床面を挟んで第1通信電極に対向配置している。その他の構成は、第1の実施の形態と同様である。
[Third Embodiment]
In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the first communication electrode 10 is arranged on the floor or under the carpet of the person H passage side, and the second communication electrode 11 is sandwiched between the insulator and the floor surface. Opposing to the first communication electrode. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

第1通信電極10を壁電極に代えて床電極としているが、通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aを他の環境雑音Bの信号でキャンセルする動作は共通しているため、第1通信電極10の利用形態、使用方法、用途等を変更した場合であっても、第1の実施の形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。   Although the first communication electrode 10 is a floor electrode instead of the wall electrode, the operation of canceling the environmental noise A included in the communication signal with another environmental noise B signal is common. Even when the usage mode, usage method, usage, and the like are changed, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

なお、第1の実施の形態と同様に、雑音収集ファントム15を、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる床面に対して人体Hの立ち位置に対称となるように床面内に配置してもよい。これにより、環境雑音Bのレベルを通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aのレベルに近づけることができ、電界通信の通信品質をより向上させることができる。   As in the first embodiment, the noise collection phantom 15 is arranged in the floor so as to be symmetrical with respect to the standing position of the human body H with respect to the floor that serves as an environmental noise radiation and induction source. Also good. Thereby, the level of the environmental noise B can be brought close to the level of the environmental noise A included in the communication signal, and the communication quality of the electric field communication can be further improved.

〔第4の実施の形態〕
第4の実施の形態では、図6に示すように、第3の実施の形態で用いた雑音収集ファントム15に代えて、第2の実施の形態で用いた雑音収集電極23を利用している。その他の構成は、第3の実施の形態と同様である。
[Fourth Embodiment]
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the noise collection electrode 23 used in the second embodiment is used instead of the noise collection phantom 15 used in the third embodiment. . Other configurations are the same as those of the third embodiment.

本実施の形態であっても、通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aを他の環境雑音Bの信号でキャンセルする動作は共通しているため、第1の実施の形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。   Even in the present embodiment, since the operation of canceling the environmental noise A included in the communication signal with the signal of the other environmental noise B is common, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained. it can.

なお、第1の実施の形態と同様に、雑音収集電極23を、環境雑音の放射、誘導源となる床面に対して人体Hの立ち位置に対称となるように壁面内に配置してもよい。これにより、環境雑音Bのレベルを通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aのレベルに近づけることができ、電界通信の通信品質をより向上させることができる。   Similarly to the first embodiment, the noise collecting electrode 23 may be arranged in the wall surface so as to be symmetric with respect to the standing position of the human body H with respect to the floor surface serving as an environmental noise radiation and induction source. Good. Thereby, the level of the environmental noise B can be brought close to the level of the environmental noise A included in the communication signal, and the communication quality of the electric field communication can be further improved.

〔第5の実施の形態〕
第5の実施の形態では、図7に示すように、第2通信電極11を第1通信電極10に対向配置させるのに代えて、通路側に配置された第1通信電極10の配置位置とは異なる同通路側に第2通信電極11を配置し、当該第2通信電極11の上に雑音収集ファントム15を直接載置している。
[Fifth Embodiment]
In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, instead of arranging the second communication electrode 11 to face the first communication electrode 10, the arrangement position of the first communication electrode 10 arranged on the passage side and The second communication electrode 11 is disposed on the same passage side, and the noise collection phantom 15 is directly placed on the second communication electrode 11.

すなわち、第3ケーブル14を利用していないため、人体Hと第1通信電極10と第1ケーブル12とで構成される通信信号の通信経路により近い他の通信経路を形成することが可能となる。   That is, since the third cable 14 is not used, it is possible to form another communication path closer to the communication path of the communication signal configured by the human body H, the first communication electrode 10, and the first cable 12. .

これにより、環境雑音Bのレベルを通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aのレベルに更に近づけることができ、電界通信の通信品質をより向上させることができる。   Thereby, the level of the environmental noise B can be made closer to the level of the environmental noise A included in the communication signal, and the communication quality of electric field communication can be further improved.

勿論、本実施の形態であっても、通信信号に含まれる環境雑音Aを他の環境雑音Bの信号でキャンセルする動作は共通しているため、第1の実施の形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。   Of course, even in the present embodiment, since the operation for canceling the environmental noise A included in the communication signal with the signal of the other environmental noise B is common, the same effect as the first embodiment is obtained. be able to.

最後に、本実施の形態により得られる効果について、実験結果に基づいて説明する。   Finally, effects obtained by the present embodiment will be described based on experimental results.

人体Hが拾う環境雑音B1は、空間を放射してくる環境雑音と想定される。そこで、放射性のノイズが多いプラズマディスプレイの前に2枚の床電極を並べて配置し、一方の床電極に人体、もう一方の床電極に雑音収集ファントムを載置させて実験した。   The environmental noise B1 picked up by the human body H is assumed to be environmental noise radiating through space. Therefore, two floor electrodes were placed side by side in front of a plasma display with a lot of radioactive noise, and an experiment was conducted by placing a human body on one floor electrode and a noise collection phantom on the other floor electrode.

一方の床電極上に人体を未載置状態から載置状態に変化させたことにより環境雑音レベルが20dB近く増加し、雑音収集ファントム15をもう片方の電極上に乗せることにより、7〜9dB程度のSN比が改善された。この実験結果から、本実施の形態を採用することにより、プラズマディスプレイの前で環境雑音抑制効果を確認できたと言える。   By changing the human body from the non-mounted state to the mounted state on one floor electrode, the environmental noise level increases by nearly 20 dB, and by placing the noise collecting phantom 15 on the other electrode, about 7 to 9 dB. The S / N ratio was improved. From this experimental result, it can be said that the environmental noise suppression effect was confirmed in front of the plasma display by adopting the present embodiment.

100…設置用電界通信装置
10…第1通信電極
11…第2通信電極
12…第1ケーブル
13…第2ケーブル
14…第3ケーブル
15…雑音収集ファントム(雑音収集媒体)
16…通信信号受信部(通信信号受信手段)
17…第1可変増幅部
18…雑音信号受信部
19…第2可変増幅部
20…逆相信号生成部(雑音相殺手段)
21…合成部(雑音相殺手段)
22…復調部
23…雑音収集電極(雑音収集媒体)
300…携帯用電界通信装置
31…トランシーバ回路
32…第1電極
33…第2電極
A,A1〜A3,B,B1〜B3…環境雑音
H…人,人体
W…通信経路
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Electric field communication apparatus for installation 10 ... 1st communication electrode 11 ... 2nd communication electrode 12 ... 1st cable 13 ... 2nd cable 14 ... 3rd cable 15 ... Noise collection phantom (noise collection medium)
16: Communication signal receiving unit (communication signal receiving means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 17 ... 1st variable amplification part 18 ... Noise signal receiving part 19 ... 2nd variable amplification part 20 ... Reverse phase signal generation part (noise cancellation means)
21. Synthesis unit (noise canceling means)
22 ... demodulator 23 ... noise collecting electrode (noise collecting medium)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 300 ... Portable electric field communication apparatus 31 ... Transceiver circuit 32 ... 1st electrode 33 ... 2nd electrode A, A1-A3, B, B1-B3 ... Environmental noise H ... Person, human body W ... Communication path

Claims (5)

電極から電界を電界伝達媒体に誘起して電界通信を行うことが可能な電界通信装置において、
前記電界伝達媒体が前記電極に接触した際に他の電界通信装置との間で形成される通信経路上の環境雑音を有する通信信号を受信する通信信号受信手段と、
前記環境雑音を収集する雑音収集媒体により環境雑音の信号を受信する雑音信号受信手段と、
前記通信信号受信手段で受信した前記通信信号に含まれる環境雑音を、前記雑音信号受信手段で受信した前記環境雑音の信号で相殺する雑音相殺手段と、
を有することを特徴とする電界通信装置。
In an electric field communication apparatus capable of performing electric field communication by inducing an electric field from an electrode into an electric field transmission medium,
A communication signal receiving means for receiving a communication signal having an environmental noise on a communication path formed with another electric field communication device when the electric field transmission medium contacts the electrode;
Noise signal receiving means for receiving a signal of environmental noise by a noise collection medium for collecting the environmental noise;
Noise canceling means for canceling environmental noise included in the communication signal received by the communication signal receiving means with the signal of the environmental noise received by the noise signal receiving means;
An electric field communication device comprising:
前記電界通信装置の電極は壁面又は床面に設置され、
前記雑音収集媒体は、
前記壁面若しくは前記床面に対して前記電界伝達媒体の位置に対称となるように配置、又は、前記電界伝達媒体の位置に隣接するように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電界通信装置。
The electrode of the electric field communication device is installed on a wall surface or a floor surface,
The noise collection medium is
The arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the electric field transmission medium is arranged so as to be symmetrical with respect to the wall surface or the floor surface, or is arranged adjacent to the electric field transmission medium. Electric field communication device.
前記雑音収集媒体は、
雑音収集電極及び/又は雑音収集ファントムであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の電界通信装置。
The noise collection medium is
3. The electric field communication device according to claim 1, wherein the electric field communication device is a noise collecting electrode and / or a noise collecting phantom.
前記雑音収集ファントムは、
前記電界伝達媒体としての人体で収集される環境雑音と同レベルの環境雑音を収集することを特徴とする請求項3記載の電界通信装置。
The noise collection phantom is:
The electric field communication apparatus according to claim 3, wherein environmental noise having the same level as environmental noise collected by a human body as the electric field transmission medium is collected.
前記雑音相殺手段は、
前記通信信号に前記他の環境雑音の信号の逆相信号を加える、又は、前記通信信号から前記他の環境雑音の信号を引くことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の電界通信装置。
The noise canceling means is
5. The electric field according to claim 1, wherein a reverse phase signal of the other environmental noise signal is added to the communication signal, or the other environmental noise signal is subtracted from the communication signal. Communication device.
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