JP2012217440A - Bag-shaped vessel for detecting microorganism - Google Patents

Bag-shaped vessel for detecting microorganism Download PDF

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JP2012217440A
JP2012217440A JP2011089723A JP2011089723A JP2012217440A JP 2012217440 A JP2012217440 A JP 2012217440A JP 2011089723 A JP2011089723 A JP 2011089723A JP 2011089723 A JP2011089723 A JP 2011089723A JP 2012217440 A JP2012217440 A JP 2012217440A
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bag
microorganism
granule
microorganisms
mixture
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Hidemasa Odaka
秀正 小高
Kei Tominaga
桂 富永
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Nissui Pharmacetuical Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inspection instrument for microorganisms not requiring specific pretreatment of the inspection targets, allowing accurate inspection on microorganisms in the environment with a simple operation, and imparting a reduced amount of waste.SOLUTION: The bag-shaped vessel for detecting microorganisms is obtained by filling particulate mixture or granules including a medium component allowing growth of target microorganisms, a substrate of enzymes produced by the target microorganisms, and a selective medium for the target microorganisms, into a transparent or translucent synthetic resin bag.

Description

本発明は、簡便な操作で正確に標的微生物を検出可能な微生物検出用容器に関する。   The present invention relates to a microorganism detection container capable of accurately detecting a target microorganism by a simple operation.

従来、医療機関、医薬品製造所や食品製造所の環境、これらで働く人たちの肌、手指、食品製造に使われる原料等の微生物検査として、拭き取り法(表面塗抹法、混釈培養法)やスタンプ法などがある。拭き取り法は、検査対象物の一定面積をガーゼ・綿棒等で拭き取り、これを滅菌水又は滅菌生理食塩水中で洗い、付着している菌体を滅菌水又は滅菌生理食塩水中に懸濁させ、得られた懸濁液を用いて、予め作製しておいた寒天培地に塗布することにより、微生物の培養を行う方法(表面塗抹法)や、予め粉末寒天培地を溶解、滅菌した後、約45℃程度に保っておき、その寒天培地の一定量を、上記懸濁液の一定量を入れておいた滅菌ペトリ皿等に分注し、混釈後、寒天を固化し、一定温度で培養後、生じた微生物のコロニー数を計数する等の方法(混釈培養法)により行われてきた。このような拭き取り手段を容易にすべく、種々の拭き取り器具が開発されてきた(特許文献1〜3等)。   Traditionally, as a microbiological test for the environment of medical institutions, pharmaceutical factories and food factories, the skin, fingers, and raw materials used in food production, the wiping method (surface smearing method, pour culture method) There is a stamp method. The wiping method is to wipe a certain area of the test object with gauze, cotton swabs, etc., wash it in sterilized water or sterilized physiological saline, and suspend the attached cells in sterilized water or sterilized physiological saline. The obtained suspension is applied to a previously prepared agar medium to cultivate microorganisms (surface smearing method), or the powder agar medium is dissolved and sterilized in advance, and then about 45 ° C. Keep a certain amount, dispense a certain amount of the agar medium into a sterile petri dish or the like that contains a certain amount of the above suspension, solidify the agar after pouring, culture at a constant temperature, It has been carried out by a method (pour culture method) such as counting the number of colonies of the produced microorganisms. In order to facilitate such wiping means, various wiping devices have been developed (Patent Documents 1 to 3, etc.).

一方、スタンプ法は、シャーレに寒天培地を流し込み、表面張力を応用し凸状にしてある培地を直接検査対象箇所へ押し付け培養する方法である。しかし、スタンプ法(非特許文献1)では寒天表面全体が濡れてコロニー形成がうまくできないという問題があった。また、通常の方法では、培養後に多量の廃棄物が発生する等の問題が残されていた。   On the other hand, the stamp method is a method in which an agar medium is poured into a petri dish, and a medium that is convex by applying surface tension is directly pressed onto a site to be examined. However, the stamp method (Non-Patent Document 1) has a problem that the entire surface of the agar becomes wet and colonies cannot be formed well. Moreover, in the usual method, problems such as generation of a large amount of waste after cultivation remain.

これらの手段に対し、多孔質シートに培地成分と水溶性高分子を含有する簡易微生物検出用培地が報告されている(特許文献4)。これを用いて微生物の環境検査を行う場合は、水分を含ませたガーゼなど検査対象表面を拭き取り、滅菌水又は滅菌生理食塩水中で洗い、その1mLを滅菌ピペットで培地へ接種して、培養を行う必要がある。しかし、現場と検査室が離れているため、拭き取ったものは一度検査室へ持ち帰り、希釈や接種などの操作をする必要があり、このような時間と手間を短縮する技術開発が要望されていた。また、手指の微生物を検査するために特許文献5が開発され広く使われているが、使用後の廃棄量が多いため環境に対して負荷がかかるという問題があった。   For these means, a simple microorganism detection medium containing a medium component and a water-soluble polymer in a porous sheet has been reported (Patent Document 4). When using this to test the environment of microorganisms, wipe the surface to be tested such as gauze soaked in water, wash in sterilized water or sterile saline, inoculate 1 mL into the medium with a sterile pipette, and culture. There is a need to do. However, because the laboratory is far from the laboratory, it is necessary to bring the wiped off to the laboratory once and perform operations such as dilution and inoculation, and there was a demand for the development of technology to reduce this time and effort. . In addition, Patent Document 5 has been developed and widely used for examining microorganisms on fingers, but there is a problem that a large amount of waste after use causes a burden on the environment.

特開平10−90131号公報JP-A-10-90131 特開2001−333796号公報JP 2001-333796 A 特開2008−32541号公報JP 2008-32541 A 特開平08−286号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-286 特開2006−280325号公報JP 2006-280325 A

Journal of Basic Microbiology,Vol.44,No.6,2004,Pages 445−450Journal of Basic Microbiology, Vol. 44, no. 6,2004, Pages 445-450

このように従来の環境中の微生物検査においては、培地に検体を接種する前段階である検査対象物の前処理の煩雑性や、多量の水を必要とし、使用後の廃棄物量が多い等の問題があった。
従って、本発明の課題は、検査対象物の前処理を特に必要とせず、簡便な操作で正確に環境中の微生物検査を可能とし、かつ廃棄物量の少ない微生物検査用器具を提供することにある。
Thus, in the conventional microbiological examination in the environment, the complexity of the pretreatment of the test object, which is the stage before inoculating the specimen into the culture medium, a large amount of water is required, and the amount of waste after use is large. There was a problem.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a microbiological testing instrument that does not particularly require pretreatment of a test object, enables accurate microbiological testing in the environment with a simple operation, and has a small amount of waste. .

そこで本発明者は、培地成分、酵素基質及び選択物質を寒天培地とするのではなく、粒状物の状態で適用することを考え、さらに、検査対象物の前処理を簡便化することについて種々検討した結果、これらの成分を粒子状混合物又は顆粒にして透明又は半透明の袋に充填して袋状微生物用検出容器とすれば、例えば検査対象物の拭き取り物を袋中に直接投入でき、培養後は袋の外部から簡便に標的微生物が検出できることを見出し、本発明を完成した。   Therefore, the present inventor considered that the medium components, the enzyme substrate, and the selection substance are applied in the form of a granular material instead of using an agar medium, and various studies have been made on simplifying the pretreatment of the test object. As a result, if these components are made into a particulate mixture or granule and filled into a transparent or translucent bag to make a bag-like microorganism detection container, for example, a wipe of the test object can be directly put into the bag and cultured. After that, it was found that the target microorganism can be easily detected from the outside of the bag, and the present invention was completed.

すなわち、本発明は、透明又は半透明の合成樹脂製袋中に、標的微生物が生育し得る培地成分、標的微生物が産生する酵素の基質、及び標的微生物用選択物質を含有する粒子状混合物又は顆粒を充填してなる袋状微生物検出用容器を提供するものである。
また、本発明は、上記袋状微生物検出用容器を開封し、被検液又は被検液採取物を投入し、培養後当該容器を直接観察することを特徴とする標的微生物の検出方法を提供するものである。
That is, the present invention provides a particulate mixture or granule containing a medium component in which a target microorganism can grow, a substrate of an enzyme produced by the target microorganism, and a selected substance for the target microorganism in a transparent or translucent synthetic resin bag. The present invention provides a bag-like microorganism detection container filled with the above.
The present invention also provides a method for detecting a target microorganism, which comprises opening the bag-like microorganism detection container, introducing a test liquid or a sample collected from the test liquid, and directly observing the container after culturing. To do.

本発明の袋状微生物検出用容器を用いれば、検査対象物の拭き取り物をそのまま袋内に投入し、培養後、外部から直接標的微生物の有無又は定量をすることができる。従って、操作が簡便であり、かつ正確であるとともに、多量の水を必要とせず廃棄物も少ない。   If the bag-like microorganism detection container of the present invention is used, the wipe of the test object can be put into the bag as it is, and the presence or quantification of the target microorganism can be directly determined from the outside after culturing. Therefore, the operation is simple and accurate, and a large amount of water is not required and there is little waste.

本発明の袋状微生物検出用容器には、透明又は半透明の合成樹脂製袋中に、標的微生物が生育し得る培地成分、標的微生物が産生する酵素の基質、及び標的微生物用選択物質を含有する粒子状混合物又は顆粒が充填されている。   The bag-like microorganism detection container of the present invention contains a medium component in which a target microorganism can grow, a substrate of an enzyme produced by the target microorganism, and a selection substance for the target microorganism in a transparent or translucent synthetic resin bag. The particulate mixture or granules to be filled are filled.

本発明の容器は、袋状であり、透明又は半透明の合成樹脂製の袋である。透明又は半透明とすることにより、外部から微生物の検出が可能となる。ここで、透明又は半透明とは、外部から色やコロニーの数等が肉眼で判別できる程度であればよい。無色で、可視光の透過率が10%以上のものが好ましい。
合成樹脂としては、水分非透過性でフレキシブルなものであれば特に限定されず、例えばポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ乳酸、ポリアミド、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリ塩化ビニリデン等のポリオレフィン樹脂、ナイロン樹脂、三フッ化塩化エチレン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリアクリル樹脂、ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリアクリルニトリル、エチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体、エチレン−メタクリル酸共重合体、セロファン等が挙げられる。このうち、透明性、水分非透過性、経済性等の点からポリオレフィン樹脂が好ましい。
The container of the present invention has a bag shape, and is a transparent or translucent synthetic resin bag. By making it transparent or translucent, microorganisms can be detected from the outside. Here, the term “transparent” or “translucent” means that the color, the number of colonies, and the like can be distinguished from the outside with the naked eye. It is preferably colorless and has a visible light transmittance of 10% or more.
The synthetic resin is not particularly limited as long as it is impermeable to moisture and flexible. For example, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polylactic acid, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyvinylidene chloride, nylon resins, three Examples thereof include fluorinated ethylene resin, acrylic resin, ABS resin, polyacrylic resin, polyester, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, cellophane and the like. Among these, polyolefin resin is preferable from the viewpoints of transparency, moisture impermeability, economy, and the like.

袋中に充填される粒子状混合物又は顆粒に含まれる標的微生物が生育し得る培地成分としては、特に制限されず、微生物を培養するための栄養成分、例えばタンパク質、糖類、無機塩等が挙げられる。培地成分は、粒子状混合物又は顆粒中に10〜99質量%、さらに40〜60質量%含有するのが好ましい。
標的微生物が産生する酵素の基質としては、例えばα−グルコシダーゼ、β−グルコシダーゼ、α−ガラクトシダーゼ、β−ガラクトシダーゼ、β−グルクロニダーゼ、α−マンノシダーゼ、β−マンノシダーゼ、α−キシロシダーゼ、β−キシロシダーゼ、α−ラムノシダーゼ、β−ラムノシダーゼ、α−フコシダーゼ等の酵素の基質が挙げられる。これらの基質としては、発色団又は蛍光発色団を含む基質が、標的微生物を正確に検出するうえで好ましい。酵素基質は粒子状混合物又は顆粒中に0.001〜5質量%、さらに0.05〜0.1質量%含有するのが好ましい。
標的微生物用選択物質としては、標的微生物以外の微生物の生育を抑制する抗生物質、合成抗菌剤、色素、界面活性剤、無機塩等が挙げられる。選択物質は粒子状混合物又は顆粒中に0.001〜5質量%、さらに0.05〜2質量%含有するのが好ましい。
The medium component on which the target microorganism contained in the particulate mixture or granule filled in the bag can grow is not particularly limited, and examples include nutrient components for culturing the microorganism, such as proteins, sugars, and inorganic salts. . The medium component is preferably contained in the particulate mixture or granule in an amount of 10 to 99% by mass, and more preferably 40 to 60% by mass.
Examples of the substrate of the enzyme produced by the target microorganism include α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase, α-mannosidase, β-mannosidase, α-xylosidase, β-xylosidase, α- Examples include substrates of enzymes such as rhamnosidase, β-rhamnosidase, and α-fucosidase. As these substrates, a substrate containing a chromophore or a fluorescent chromophore is preferable for accurately detecting the target microorganism. The enzyme substrate is preferably contained in the particulate mixture or granule in an amount of 0.001 to 5 mass%, more preferably 0.05 to 0.1 mass%.
Examples of the selected substance for the target microorganism include antibiotics that suppress the growth of microorganisms other than the target microorganism, synthetic antibacterial agents, dyes, surfactants, inorganic salts, and the like. The selective substance is preferably contained in the particulate mixture or granule in an amount of 0.001 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass.

また、粒子状混合物又は顆粒には、消毒剤中和剤を含有するのが、検査対象物中の消毒剤を中和し、正確な検出をする点で好ましい。消毒剤中和剤としては、チオ硫酸ナトリウム、レシチン、ポリソルベート、L−ヒスチジン、ルブロール等が挙げられる。消毒剤中和剤は粒子状混合物又は顆粒中に0.01〜25質量%、さらに0.5〜10質量%含有するのが好ましい。   Moreover, it is preferable that the particulate mixture or granule contains a disinfectant neutralizing agent in terms of neutralizing the disinfectant in the test object and performing accurate detection. Examples of the disinfectant neutralizing agent include sodium thiosulfate, lecithin, polysorbate, L-histidine, lubrol and the like. The disinfectant neutralizing agent is preferably contained in the particulate mixture or granule in an amount of 0.01 to 25% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass.

さらに、粒子状混合物又は顆粒には、生じたコロニーを見やすくするために、2,3,5−トリフェニルテトラゾリウムクロライド等のテトラゾリム塩や、pH指示薬等を加えてもよい。   Furthermore, a tetrazolim salt such as 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, a pH indicator, or the like may be added to the particulate mixture or granule in order to make the generated colonies easy to see.

粒子状混合物又は顆粒に含有させるこれらの成分の組み合わせは、標的微生物により異なる。具体的には、例えば次のとおりである。   The combination of these components contained in the particulate mixture or granule varies depending on the target microorganism. Specifically, for example, it is as follows.

一般生菌検査用としては酵母エキス・ペプトン・ブドウ糖混合物、肉エキス・ペプトン混合物、ペプトン・大豆ペプトン・ブドウ糖混合物等やこれらにリン酸二カリウム及び/又は塩化ナトリウムを加えたもの等が用いられる。大腸菌・大腸菌群検査用としてはデスオキシコール酸ナトリウム・ペプトン・クエン酸鉄アンモニウム・塩化ナトリウム・リン酸二カリウム・乳糖・ニュートラルレッド混合物、コール酸ナトリウム・ペプトン・クエン酸鉄アンモニウム・塩化ナトリウム・リン酸二カリウム・乳糖・ニュートラルレッド混合物、酵母エキス・ペプトン・リン酸二カリウム・リン酸一カリウム・乳糖・デゾキシコール酸ナトリウム・塩化ナトリウム・ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム・亜硫酸ナトリウム・塩基性フクシン混合物、ペプトン・乳糖・胆汁酸塩・塩化ナトリウム・中性紅混合物、酵母エキス・ペプトン・胆汁酸・乳糖・塩化ナトリウム・中性紅・クリスタルバイオレット混合物、ペプトン・乳糖・リン酸二カリウム・エオジンY・メチレンブルー混合物等が用いられる。ブドウ球菌用としてはペプトン・牛肉エキス・塩化ナトリウム・フェニルエアタノール混合物、ペプトン・牛肉エキス・塩化ナトリウム・マンニット・フェノールレッド混合物、ペプトン・酵母エキス・ゲラチン・乳糖・マンニット・塩化ナトリウム・リン酸二カリウム混合物、酵母エキス・ペプトン・グリシン・マンニット・リン酸二カリウム・塩化リチウム混合物、ペプトン・牛肉エキス・酵母エキス・ピルビン酸ナトリウム・グリシン・塩化リチウム・亜テルル酸ナトリウム混合物等が用いられる。腸炎ビブリオ用としてはペプトン・塩化ナトリウム・胆汁酸塩・抗生物質・酵素基質混合物、酵母エキス・ペプトン・蔗糖・チオ硫酸ナトリウム・クエン酸ナトリウム・コール酸ナトリウム・クエン酸第2鉄・塩化ナトリウム・牛胆汁・ブロムチモールブルー・チモールブルー混合物等が用いられる。
腸球菌用としてはペプトン・ブドウ糖・リン酸二カリウム・リン酸一カリウム・塩化ナトリウム・アジ化ナトリウム・ブロムクレゾールパープル混合物、牛肉エキス・ペプトン・エスクリン・胆汁酸・クエン酸鉄混合物、酵母エキス・ペプトン・塩化ナトリウム・エスクリン・アクチジオン・アジドナトリウム・混合物、牛脳エキス・ハートエキス・ペプトン・ブドウ糖・リン酸二カリウム・窒化ナトリウム・ブロムチモールブルー・塩化2,3,5−トリフェニルテトラゾリウム混合物が用いられる。サルモネラ菌用としては、牛肉エキス・ペプトン・乳糖・胆汁酸塩・クエン酸ナトリウム・チオ硫酸ナトリウム・クエン酸鉄・ブリリアントグリーン・ニュートラルレッド混合物等が用いられる。リステリア菌用としては、マンニット・ブドウ糖・エスクリン・クエン酸鉄アンモニウム・フェノールレッド・アクリフラビン塩酸塩・硫酸ポリミキシンB・ペプトン・牛心臓エキス・デンプン・塩化ナトリウム混合物等が用いられる。緑膿菌用としては、ペプトン・リン酸二カリウム・硫酸マグネシウム混合物、ペプトン・硫酸マグネシウム・硫酸カリウム混合物、ペプトン・塩化マグネシウム・硫酸カリウム・イルガサン混合物等が用いられる。乳酸菌用としては、ペプトン・牛肉エキス・酵母エキス・ブドウ糖・ソルビタンモノオレート・クエン酸アンモニウム・酢酸ナトリウム・硫酸マグネシウム・硫酸マンガン・リン酸二カリウム混合物等が用いられる。マイコプラズマ用として、牛心臓エキス・ペプトン・塩化ナトリウム・酵母エキス・ペニシリン・酢酸タリウム混合物等が用いられる。真菌用としてはペプトン・ブドウ糖混合物、酵母エキス・ブドウ糖混合物、ポテトエキス・ブドウ糖混合物等が用いられる。
For the inspection of general viable bacteria, yeast extract / peptone / glucose mixture, meat extract / pepton mixture, peptone / soybean peptone / glucose mixture, etc., and those obtained by adding dipotassium phosphate and / or sodium chloride to these are used. For testing Escherichia coli and coliforms, sodium desoxycholate, peptone, ammonium iron citrate, sodium chloride, dipotassium phosphate, lactose, neutral red, sodium cholate, peptone, ammonium iron citrate, sodium chloride, phosphorus Dipotassium acid / lactose / neutral red mixture, yeast extract / peptone / dipotassium phosphate / monopotassium phosphate / lactose / sodium dezoxycholate / sodium chloride / sodium lauryl sulfate / sodium sulfite / basic fuchsin, peptone / lactose Bile salt / sodium chloride / neutral red mixture, yeast extract / peptone / bile acid / lactose / sodium chloride / neutral red / crystal violet mixture, peptone / lactose / dipotassium phosphate / eosin Y / methylene blue mixture, etc. Used. For staphylococci, a mixture of peptone / beef extract / sodium chloride / phenylairanol, a mixture of peptone / beef extract / sodium chloride / mannite / phenol red, peptone / yeast extract / gelatin / lactose / mannitol / sodium chloride / phosphate Dipotassium mixture, yeast extract / peptone / glycine / mannite / dipotassium phosphate / lithium chloride mixture, peptone / beef extract / yeast extract / sodium pyruvate / glycine / lithium chloride / sodium tellurite, etc. are used. For Vibrio parahaemolyticus, peptone, sodium chloride, bile salt, antibiotics, enzyme substrate mixture, yeast extract, peptone, sucrose, sodium thiosulfate, sodium citrate, sodium cholate, ferric citrate, sodium chloride, cattle Bile, bromthymol blue, thymol blue mixture, etc. are used.
For enterococci, peptone, glucose, dipotassium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, sodium chloride, sodium azide, bromcresol purple mixture, beef extract, peptone, esculin, bile acid, iron citrate mixture, yeast extract, peptone・ Sodium chloride ・ esculin ・ actidion ・ sodium azide ・ mixture, bovine brain extract ・ heart extract ・ peptone ・ glucose ・ dipotassium phosphate ・ sodium nitride ・ bromthymol blue ・ 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride mixture . For Salmonella, beef extract, peptone, lactose, bile salts, sodium citrate, sodium thiosulfate, iron citrate, brilliant green, neutral red, etc. are used. For Listeria, mannitol, glucose, esculin, ammonium iron citrate, phenol red, acriflavine hydrochloride, polymyxin B sulfate, peptone, bovine heart extract, starch, sodium chloride mixture and the like are used. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a peptone / dipotassium phosphate / magnesium sulfate mixture, a peptone / magnesium sulfate / potassium sulfate mixture, a peptone / magnesium chloride / potassium sulfate / irgasan mixture, and the like are used. For lactic acid bacteria, peptone, beef extract, yeast extract, glucose, sorbitan monooleate, ammonium citrate, sodium acetate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, dipotassium phosphate, etc. are used. For mycoplasma, bovine heart extract, peptone, sodium chloride, yeast extract, penicillin, thallium acetate, etc. are used. For fungi, peptone / glucose mixture, yeast extract / glucose mixture, potato extract / glucose mixture and the like are used.

粒子状混合物又は顆粒には、さらにゲル化剤を含有するのが、微生物の検出感度向上、被検体中の水分量が少ない場合でも微生物の検出精度を高める点で好ましい。例えば、拭き取った試料等の水分が少ない検体の場合には、ゲル化剤が少量の水により速やかにゲル化するため、拭き取った物質の繊維立体構造表面の拭き取り面から効率的に微生物をトラップする効果を奏するものと考えられる。また、水溶性試料の場合には、ゲル化剤が速やかにゲル化し、微生物の発育に必要な栄養素、選択物質、発色物質などの袋中の物質を効率よく微生物に接触させることにより、微生物の検出を効率よくするものと考えられる。   It is preferable that the particulate mixture or granule further contains a gelling agent from the viewpoint of improving the detection sensitivity of microorganisms and improving the detection accuracy of microorganisms even when the amount of water in the specimen is small. For example, in the case of a sample with low water content, such as a wiped sample, the gelling agent quickly gels with a small amount of water, so that microorganisms are efficiently trapped from the wiped surface of the surface of the three-dimensional structure of the wiped substance. It is thought that there is an effect. In the case of a water-soluble sample, the gelling agent rapidly gels, and the microorganisms are brought into contact with the microorganisms by efficiently contacting the substances in the bag such as nutrients, selective substances, and coloring substances necessary for the growth of the microorganisms. This is considered to improve the detection efficiency.

ゲル化剤としては、増粘性多糖類及び寒天から選ばれる1種又は2種以上を用いるのが好ましい。増粘性多糖類としては、カラギーナン、キサンタンガム、ローカストビーンガム、グァーガム、ペクチン、ジェランガム、アラビアガム、タラガム等が挙げられる。これらのゲル化剤のうち、キサンタンガム及び寒天を用いるのが特に好ましい。   As the gelling agent, it is preferable to use one or more selected from thickening polysaccharides and agar. Examples of thickening polysaccharides include carrageenan, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, guar gum, pectin, gellan gum, gum arabic, and tara gum. Of these gelling agents, it is particularly preferable to use xanthan gum and agar.

粒子状混合物又は顆粒には、さらに水溶性ポリマーを含有するのが、少量の水であっても粒子状混合物又は顆粒を速やかに溶解するとともに、前記のゲル化剤とともに微生物の検出感度を向上させる点で好ましい。このような水溶性ポリマーとしては、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリル酸等が挙げられるが、ポリビニルアルコールが水に対する溶解性が高く、特に好ましい。さらに、ケン化度が75〜95%、分子量が25000〜250000のポリビニルアルコールが特に好ましい。   The particulate mixture or granule further contains a water-soluble polymer, so that the particulate mixture or granule is rapidly dissolved even with a small amount of water, and the detection sensitivity of microorganisms is improved together with the gelling agent. This is preferable. Examples of such a water-soluble polymer include polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid, and polyvinyl alcohol is particularly preferable because of its high solubility in water. Furthermore, polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 75 to 95% and a molecular weight of 25,000 to 250,000 is particularly preferable.

粒子状混合物又は顆粒中の、培地成分、酵素基質及び選択物質の合計量は、30〜100質量%が好ましく、30〜70質量%がより好ましく、40〜70質量%がさらに好ましい。また、ゲル化剤の含有量は30〜70質量%が好ましく、30〜60質量%がより好ましい。水溶性ポリマーの含有量は0.1〜10質量%が好ましく、3〜5質量%がより好ましい。   30-100 mass% is preferable, as for the total amount of a culture medium component, an enzyme substrate, and a selection substance in a particulate mixture or a granule, 30-70 mass% is more preferable, and 40-70 mass% is further more preferable. Moreover, 30-70 mass% is preferable and, as for content of a gelatinizer, 30-60 mass% is more preferable. The content of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, and more preferably 3 to 5% by mass.

また、粒子状混合物又は顆粒のうち、顆粒であるのが少量の水でも速やかに溶解し、均一な検出が可能となる点で特に好ましい。さらに、前記成分を含有する顆粒の平均粒子径は、少量の水でも速やかに溶解し、均一な検出が可能になる点から150〜850μmが好ましく、さらに200〜800μmが好ましい。   Further, among the particulate mixture or granule, the granule is particularly preferable in that it can be quickly dissolved even in a small amount of water and can be uniformly detected. Furthermore, the average particle diameter of the granule containing the above components is preferably 150 to 850 μm, more preferably 200 to 800 μm, from the viewpoint that it can be quickly dissolved even with a small amount of water and enables uniform detection.

このような顆粒は、例えば、培地成分、酵素基質、選択物質、必要により消毒剤中和剤及びゲル化剤の混合物を、水溶性ポリマーのエタノール水溶性を噴霧して造粒することにより製造するのが好ましい。用いるエタノール水溶液のエタノール濃度は、ダマの形成を防止し、造粒を効率良くする点から、25〜50質量%が好ましい。また、噴霧液中の水溶性ポリマーの濃度は、顆粒の粒子径を大きくする点から、4質量%以上、さらに4〜20質量%が好ましい。   Such a granule is produced, for example, by granulating a medium component, an enzyme substrate, a selective substance, and if necessary, a mixture of a disinfectant neutralizing agent and a gelling agent by spraying the water-soluble polymer with water-soluble ethanol. Is preferred. The ethanol concentration of the aqueous ethanol solution used is preferably 25 to 50% by mass from the viewpoint of preventing formation of lumps and improving granulation efficiency. The concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the spray liquid is preferably 4% by mass or more, and more preferably 4 to 20% by mass from the viewpoint of increasing the particle diameter of the granules.

本発明の袋状微生物検出用容器は、前記合成樹脂製袋に、前記粒子状混合物又は顆粒を充填し、密封することにより製造することができる。   The bag-like microorganism detection container of the present invention can be produced by filling the above-mentioned synthetic resin bag with the particulate mixture or granule and sealing it.

本発明の袋状微生物検出用容器を用いて微生物を検出するには、当該容器を開封し、被検液又は被検液採取物(例えば拭き取り物)を投入し、培養後当該容器を外部から直接観察すればよい。   In order to detect microorganisms using the bag-like microorganism detection container of the present invention, the container is opened, a test liquid or a sample collected from the test liquid (for example, a wiped material) is added, and the container is externally exposed after incubation. You can observe it directly.

拭き取り物の繊維としては、ナイロン繊維、ポリアクリロニトリル繊維、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)繊維、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体繊維、ポリエステル繊維(親水化処理したポリエステル繊維がより好ましい)、ポリオレフィン繊維合成繊維(親水化処理したポリオレフィン繊維がより好ましい)、ポリウレタン繊維等の合成繊維、レーヨン繊維等の半合成繊維、羊毛(獣毛)、絹、コットン繊維、セルロース繊維、パルプ繊維等の天然繊維、ガラス繊維等の無機繊維等が例示できる。上記繊維のうち、さらに好ましくは、ナイロン繊維、コットン繊維、セルロース繊維、及びレーヨン繊維である。拭き取り物の不織布としては、濾紙、レーヨン不織布、ポリエステル不織布、ポリプロピレン不織布に代表される合成繊維不織布、コットン不織布に代表される天然繊維不織布などが挙げられる。このうち、濾紙、レーヨン不織布及び長繊維セルロース不織布が好ましく、特に濾紙及びレーヨン不織布が好ましい。水の吸水性を考慮すれば5〜200g/m2の密度を有し、0.05〜0.5mmの厚さを有する物、特に濾紙及びレーヨン不織布が好ましい。なお、これらの拭き取り物は、滅菌したものを使用する必要がある。
拭き取り物の大きさとしては、1mLの水を拭き取る時、縦×横=10cm×4cmが使いやすい大きさだが、これに限定されるものではない。
As fibers of wipes, nylon fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer fibers, polyester fibers (more preferably hydrophilized polyester fibers), polyolefin fiber synthetic fibers (hydrophilized) Treated polyolefin fibers are more preferred), synthetic fibers such as polyurethane fibers, semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon fibers, wool (animal hair), natural fibers such as silk, cotton fibers, cellulose fibers, pulp fibers, etc., inorganics such as glass fibers A fiber etc. can be illustrated. Of the above fibers, nylon fibers, cotton fibers, cellulose fibers, and rayon fibers are more preferable. Examples of the nonwoven fabric of wipes include filter paper, rayon nonwoven fabric, polyester nonwoven fabric, synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric represented by polypropylene nonwoven fabric, and natural fiber nonwoven fabric represented by cotton nonwoven fabric. Among these, filter paper, rayon nonwoven fabric, and long fiber cellulose nonwoven fabric are preferable, and filter paper and rayon nonwoven fabric are particularly preferable. Considering water absorption, water having a density of 5 to 200 g / m 2 and a thickness of 0.05 to 0.5 mm, particularly filter paper and rayon nonwoven fabric are preferred. In addition, it is necessary to use these wiping things which are sterilized.
As for the size of the wipe, when wiping 1 mL of water, length × width = 10 cm × 4 cm is easy to use, but it is not limited to this.

拭き取り物を用いた場合の操作法としては、例えば次の方法が挙げられる。
(使用法1)拭き取る物として滅菌済みの不織布を用い、これを滅菌水で湿らせた後、検査対象面を拭き取り、本発明袋状容器を開けて、拭き取り物を袋に入れ、密閉し、拭き取り物に含まれている水分をよく絞り出し、粒子状混合物又は顆粒とよくなじませ、適切な温度で培養を行う。
(使用法2)拭き取る物として滅菌済みの不織布を用い、これでそのまま検査対象面を良く拭き取り、本発明袋状容器を開け、拭き取り物を袋に入れ、密閉し、拭き取り物に含まれている水分をよく絞り出し、粒子状混合物又は顆粒とよくなじませ、適切な温度で培養を行う。
As an operation method in the case of using a wipe, for example, the following method may be mentioned.
(Usage 1) Use a sterilized non-woven fabric as a wipe, wet it with sterilized water, wipe off the surface to be inspected, open the bag-like container of the present invention, put the wipe in a bag, seal it, Squeeze out the moisture contained in the wipe, mix well with the particulate mixture or granules, and incubate at an appropriate temperature.
(Usage 2) Using a sterilized non-woven fabric as a wipe, wipe the surface to be inspected well as it is, open the bag-like container of the present invention, put the wipe in a bag, seal it, and be included in the wipe Squeeze water well, blend well with the particulate mixture or granules, and incubate at an appropriate temperature.

培養は、通常微生物が増殖する温度条件であればよい。また、微生物の検出は、用いた酵素基質が有する発色団、蛍光団等に応じて行うことができる。またコロニーを形成する場合には、そのコロニーの色等で標的微生物の有無又は定量することができる。   The culture may be performed under a temperature condition in which microorganisms usually grow. Microorganisms can be detected according to the chromophore, fluorophore, etc. of the enzyme substrate used. Further, when forming a colony, the presence or absence of the target microorganism can be determined by the color of the colony or the like.

次に実施例により本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples.

実施例1
ペプトン、酵母エキス、塩化ナトリウム、リン酸水素二ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、ピルビン酸ナトリウム、チオ硫酸ナトリウム、デゾキシコール酸ナトリウム、コール酸ナトリウム及びトリプトファンを合計で31g、酵素基質(5-ブロモ-4-クロロ-3-インドキシル-β-D-グルクロン酸シクロヘキシルアンモニウム塩)0.3g、(5-ブロモ-6-クロロ-3-インドリル-β-D-ガラクトピラノシド)0.3g、及びキサンタンガム20gの粒子状混合物を合成樹脂(ポリエチレン)袋へ入れ、電子線滅菌した。乾熱滅菌した不織布(4cm×10cm)で1mLずつ滅菌シャーレへ分注したEscherichia coli(ATCC 11775)菌液を拭き取り、合成樹脂袋へ入れ、よく水分を絞り出し粒子状混合物をその水分で溶かし、そのまま35℃、24時間培養した。その結果、菌数が多いところでは、不織布全体が青くなり、少ないところでは不織布上にコロニーの形成を認めた(表1)。しかし、大腸菌を含まない希釈液では、全く反応が認められず、不織布は白色のままであった。
さらに、青くなった不織布から1エーゼサンプリングし、EMB培地へ画線塗抹し、大腸菌を確認することができた。
Example 1
31 g total of peptone, yeast extract, sodium chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, sodium pyruvate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium dezoxycholate, sodium cholate and tryptophan, enzyme substrate (5-bromo-4-chloro-3 -Indoxyl-β-D-glucuronic acid cyclohexylammonium salt) 0.3 g, (5-bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside) 0.3 g, and 20 g of xanthan gum The mixture was placed in a synthetic resin (polyethylene) bag and sterilized with an electron beam. Wipe off the Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775) bacterial solution dispensed 1mL at a time with a non-woven fabric sterilized by dry heat (4cm x 10cm), put it in a synthetic resin bag, squeeze out the water well, dissolve the particulate mixture with the water, The cells were cultured at 35 ° C. for 24 hours. As a result, when the number of bacteria was large, the whole nonwoven fabric was blue, and when it was small, colonies were formed on the nonwoven fabric (Table 1). However, in the diluted solution containing no E. coli, no reaction was observed, and the nonwoven fabric remained white.
Furthermore, 1 ase sample was taken from the blue non-woven fabric and smeared on the EMB medium to confirm E. coli.

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

実施例2
ペプトン、酵母エキス、塩化ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、蟻酸ナトリウム、フマール酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、ピルビン酸ナトリウム、チオ硫酸ナトリウム及びデスオキシコール酸ナトリウムを合計で24g、抗生物質(セフォペラゾン)0.015g、酸化還元指示薬(トリフェニルテトラゾリウム クロライド)0.025g、キサンタンガム30gの混合物を合成樹脂(ポリエチレン)袋へ入れ、電子線滅菌した。乾熱滅菌した不織布(4cm×10cm)で1mLずつ滅菌シャーレへ分注したCampylobacter jejuni(A3309)菌液を拭き取り、合成樹脂袋へ入れ、よく水分を絞り出し粒子状混合物をその水分で溶かし、好気条件及び微好気条件(6%酸素、10%二酸化炭素、84%窒素)で35℃、48時間培養した。その結果、菌数が多いところでは、不織布全体が赤くなり、少ないところでは不織布上にコロニーの形成を認めた(表2)。しかし、C.jejuniを含まない希釈液では、全く反応が認められず、不織布は白色のままであった。さらに、赤くなった不織布から1エーゼサンプリングし、Skirrow培地へ画線塗抹し、微好気培養した時C.jejuniを確認することができた。
Example 2
24 g total of peptone, yeast extract, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium formate, sodium fumarate, potassium nitrate, sodium pyruvate, sodium thiosulfate and sodium desoxycholate, 0.015 g antibiotic (cefoperazone), redox indicator A mixture of (triphenyltetrazolium chloride) 0.025 g and xanthan gum 30 g was put into a synthetic resin (polyethylene) bag and sterilized by electron beam. Wipe off the Campylobacter jejuni (A3309) bacterial solution dispensed 1mL into a sterile petri dish with a dry heat sterilized non-woven fabric (4cm x 10cm), put it in a synthetic resin bag, squeeze out the water well, dissolve the particulate mixture with the water, and aerobic The cells were cultured at 35 ° C. for 48 hours under conditions and microaerobic conditions (6% oxygen, 10% carbon dioxide, 84% nitrogen). As a result, when the number of bacteria was large, the whole nonwoven fabric became red, and when it was small, formation of colonies was recognized on the nonwoven fabric (Table 2). However, C.I. In the diluted solution containing no jijuni, no reaction was observed, and the nonwoven fabric remained white. In addition, 1 ase sample was taken from the non-woven fabric that had turned red, smeared into Skirrow medium, and microaerobically cultured. Jejuni could be confirmed.

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

実施例3
(1)下記表3の処方で顆粒を製造した。表3の上段の成分を流動層に添加し、下段の噴霧液を用いて、80℃、90分間流動後、100℃、30分間乾燥の流動条件で培地を造粒し、電磁式 実験用 篩振盪機(A−3 FRITSH analysette:Fritsch Japan Co.,Ltd)に東京スクリーン株式会社の篩(20メッシュ:目開き850μm・線径523μmと100メッシュ:目開き150μm・線径104μm)をセッティングし30秒間振るい整粒した。150μm以上から850μm未満で効率よく生産できた。
Example 3
(1) Granules were produced according to the formulation shown in Table 3 below. The upper components in Table 3 are added to the fluidized bed, and the medium is granulated using the lower spray solution at 80 ° C. for 90 minutes and then dried at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a magnetic laboratory sieve. A screen (20 mesh: opening 850 μm, wire diameter 523 μm and 100 mesh: opening 150 μm, wire diameter 104 μm) set on a shaker (A-3 FRIT ANALYSETTE: Fritsch Japan Co., Ltd) 30 The size was adjusted by shaking for 2 seconds. It was possible to produce efficiently at 150 μm or more and less than 850 μm.

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

(2)得られた顆粒をポリエチレン袋に約0.05g充填し、本発明袋状微生物検出用容器を得た。本発明方法を直接塗抹法及び従来法と比較した。
本発明方法は拭き取った不織布を袋に入れ、開封部をシールし、不織布と顆粒を接触させて軽く揉み、35℃、24時間培養した。
直接塗抹法は、予め調製したデスオキシコレート寒天培地の表面に拭き取った不織布を塗り付け、35℃、24時間培養後、赤色コロニー数を測定した。
従来法は、拭き取った不織布をストマッカー袋に入れ、10倍量の滅菌生理食塩水を入れ、ストマッカーで1分間ストマッキングしたものを原液とした。この原液を10倍段階希釈して、デスオキシコレート寒天培地で混釈培養し、菌数測定を行った。
供試菌株はCitrobacter freundii ATCC 8090、Escherichia coli ATCC 11775、Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048、Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883、Klebsiella oxytoca ATCC 13182、Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538、Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633、Candida albicans ATCC 2091を用いた。供試菌株をTSBで、35℃、24時間培養後、滅菌生理食塩水で10倍段階希釈して、10-1から10-9希釈液の100μLを滅菌ステンレス板(10cm×10cm)上に接種し、コンラージ棒で一面に塗付した。その後、生理食塩水に浸し高圧蒸気滅菌した不織布をピンセットでつまみ、余分な生理食塩水を瓶の壁を利用してよく絞り、その不織布を用いて菌液を塗抹してあるスレンレル板を丁寧に拭き取った。その結果、表4〜11に示したように、いずれの菌株においても、本発明方法は他の2法に比べて、接種菌数が少ない場合でも陽性と判定することができ、グラム陽性菌および真菌では、反応は認められず発色はなかった。
(2) About 0.05 g of the obtained granule was filled in a polyethylene bag to obtain a bag-like microorganism detection container of the present invention. The method of the present invention was compared with the direct smearing method and the conventional method.
In the method of the present invention, the wiped non-woven fabric was put in a bag, the opening was sealed, the non-woven fabric and the granule were brought into contact and gently stirred, and cultured at 35 ° C. for 24 hours.
In the direct smearing method, a wiped non-woven fabric was applied to the surface of a previously prepared desoxycholate agar medium, and after culturing at 35 ° C. for 24 hours, the number of red colonies was measured.
In the conventional method, the wiped non-woven fabric was put into a stomacher bag, 10 times the amount of sterilized physiological saline was added, and the stock solution was stocked for 1 minute with the stomacher as a stock solution. This stock solution was serially diluted 10-fold, mixed and cultured on a desoxycholate agar medium, and the number of bacteria was measured.
Test strain was used Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090, Escherichia coli ATCC 11775, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Klebsiella oxytoca ATCC 13182, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Candida albicans ATCC 2091. After culturing the test strain with TSB at 35 ° C for 24 hours, 10-fold serial dilution with sterile saline and inoculating 100 µL of 10 -1 to 10 -9 diluted solution onto a sterilized stainless steel plate (10 cm x 10 cm) Then, it was applied to the entire surface with a large stick. Then, pick up the non-woven fabric that has been soaked in physiological saline and sterilized under high pressure steam with tweezers, carefully squeeze the excess physiological saline using the wall of the bottle, and carefully remove the slenrel plate on which the bacterial solution has been smeared. Wiped off. As a result, as shown in Tables 4 to 11, in any strain, the method of the present invention can be determined to be positive even when the number of inoculated bacteria is small compared to the other two methods. In fungi, there was no reaction and no color development.

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

実施例4
本発明袋状微生物検出用容器を用いたインドール産生能試験を実施した。実施例3(1)で得られた顆粒をポリエステル袋に約0.050g充填し、袋状微生物検出用容器を得た。乾熱滅菌した不織布にEscherichia coli(ATCC 11775)菌液またはKlebsiella pneumoniae(ATCC 13883)菌液1mLを染み込ませ、本発明袋状微生物検出用容器入れ、開封部をシールし、不織布と顆粒培地を接触させて軽く揉み、35℃、72時間培養した。その結果、両菌株とも不織布全体が青くなった。その後、培養後の袋状微生物検出用容器を開封し、コバック試薬を数滴添加し赤色に変色した場合には陽性、色の変化が見られなかった場合には陰性と判定した。E. coliでは陽性となり、K. pneumoniaeでは全く反応が認められず陰性となった。
Example 4
The indole production ability test using the bag-like microorganism detection container of the present invention was performed. About 0.050 g of the granule obtained in Example 3 (1) was filled in a polyester bag to obtain a bag-like microorganism detection container. A non-woven fabric sterilized by dry heat is impregnated with 1 mL of Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775) bacterial solution or Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883) bacterial solution, put into the bag-like microorganism detection container of the present invention, seal the opening, and contact the nonwoven fabric with the granule medium. The mixture was lightly masticated and cultured at 35 ° C. for 72 hours. As a result, the whole nonwoven fabric turned blue in both strains. Thereafter, the bag-shaped microorganism detection container after culture was opened, and when a few drops of Kobak's reagent were added and the color changed to red, it was determined to be positive, and when no color change was observed, it was determined to be negative. E. coli was positive, and K. pneumoniae was negative without any reaction.

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

Figure 2012217440
Figure 2012217440

Claims (7)

透明又は半透明の合成樹脂製袋中に、標的微生物が生育し得る培地成分、標的微生物が産生する酵素の基質、及び標的微生物用選択物質を含有する粒子状混合物又は顆粒を充填してなる袋状微生物検出用容器。   A bag formed by filling a transparent or translucent synthetic resin bag with a particulate mixture or granule containing a medium component on which a target microorganism can grow, an enzyme substrate produced by the target microorganism, and a target microorganism selective substance. For detecting microorganisms. 前記粒子状混合物又は顆粒中に、さらにゲル化剤を含有する請求項1記載の袋状微生物検出用容器。   The bag-like microorganism detection container according to claim 1, further comprising a gelling agent in the particulate mixture or granule. ゲル化剤が、増粘性多糖類及び寒天から選ばれる1種又は2種以上である請求項2記載の袋状微生物検出用容器。   The bag-shaped microorganism detection container according to claim 2, wherein the gelling agent is one or more selected from thickening polysaccharides and agar. 前記粒子状混合物又は顆粒中に、さらに水溶性ポリマーを含有する請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の袋状微生物検出用容器。   The container for bag-shaped microorganism detection according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a water-soluble polymer in the particulate mixture or granule. 前記粒子状混合物又は顆粒中に、さらに消毒剤中和成分を含有する請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の袋状微生物検出用容器。   The bag-shaped microorganism detection container according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a disinfectant neutralizing component in the particulate mixture or granule. 袋状微生物検出用容器を開封し、被検液又は被検液採取物を投入し、培養後当該容器を直接観察して標的微生物を検出するものである請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の袋状微生物検出用容器。   The bag-shaped microorganism detection container is opened, a test liquid or a sample collected from the test liquid is added, and the target microorganism is detected by directly observing the container after culturing. The container for bag-shaped microorganism detection as described. 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の袋状微生物検出用容器を開封し、被検液又は被検液採取物を投入し、培養後当該容器を直接観察することを特徴とする標的微生物の検出方法。   A target microorganism comprising: opening the bag-like microorganism detection container according to any one of claims 1 to 5, introducing a test liquid or a sample collected from the test liquid, and directly observing the container after culturing. Detection method.
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