JP2012157966A - Rotary cutting tool equipped with dynamic vibration absorber - Google Patents

Rotary cutting tool equipped with dynamic vibration absorber Download PDF

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JP2012157966A
JP2012157966A JP2011021408A JP2011021408A JP2012157966A JP 2012157966 A JP2012157966 A JP 2012157966A JP 2011021408 A JP2011021408 A JP 2011021408A JP 2011021408 A JP2011021408 A JP 2011021408A JP 2012157966 A JP2012157966 A JP 2012157966A
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weight
rotary cutting
cutting tool
tool
vibration absorber
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Kenji Nagabuchi
憲二 永渕
Isato Takahashi
勇人 高橋
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Moldino Tool Engineering Ltd
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Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary cutting tool which performs efficient cutting work even in a working condition where its projecting amount is 5 times or more of the diameter of the tool.SOLUTION: The rotary cutting tool is equipped with a dynamic vibration absorber and is of a head replacement type where a head with a cutting blade is joined to the shank of cemented carbide. The dynamic vibration absorber is provided at the head and has a weight, an elastic body and a weight support shaft where the substantially-cylindrical weight is supported by the weight support shaft via the elastic body. In the dynamic vibration absorber, when the distance (mm) on a rotary shaft line from the tip of the cutting blade side of the rotary cutting tool to the center of gravity of the weight in the direction of the base end is denoted by H, and the diameter (mm) of the blade of the rotary cutting tool is denoted by Dc, a relation between them satisfies a formula: 1.00≤(H/Dc)≤1.25.

Description

本発明は、工作機械によって切削加工を行なう際のびびり振動を抑制する動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具に関する。   The present invention relates to a rotary cutting tool including a dynamic vibration absorber that suppresses chatter vibration when cutting is performed by a machine tool.

特許文献1は、工具回転軸方向に配置した錘とばね弾性体、ダンパーオイルを用いた防振機構を開示している。   Patent Document 1 discloses a vibration isolation mechanism using a weight, a spring elastic body, and a damper oil arranged in the tool rotation axis direction.

特許文献2は、工具回転軸方向に配置した錘をテーパ形状にして、錘の体積を刃先先端に向かうに従って大きくして工具ホルダの剛性を向上させる機構を開示している。   Patent Document 2 discloses a mechanism for increasing the rigidity of the tool holder by making the weight arranged in the tool rotation axis direction into a tapered shape and increasing the volume of the weight toward the tip of the blade edge.

特許文献3は、ダンパーオイルを使用せずに球状弾性体を用いた簡単な構造の防振機構を開示している。   Patent Document 3 discloses a vibration isolation mechanism having a simple structure using a spherical elastic body without using damper oil.

特許第3145706号公報Japanese Patent No. 3145706 特開2005−186240号公報JP 2005-186240 A 特開2008−100332号公報JP 2008-1003002 A

しかし、特許文献1、特許文献2に示された工具の動吸振器は大型であることから、小径の工具に動吸振器を適用することは困難である。特に特許文献1では、ダンパーオイルを用いていており、オイルを密閉するために複雑で大型な構造となっている。特許文献3は、比較的簡単な構造の防振機構を開示しているが、工具先端側に動吸振器に用いる錘を配置することについての記載や示唆は行われていない。   However, since the dynamic vibration absorber of the tool shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 is large, it is difficult to apply the dynamic vibration absorber to a small diameter tool. In particular, Patent Document 1 uses damper oil, which has a complicated and large structure for sealing the oil. Patent Document 3 discloses a vibration isolating mechanism having a relatively simple structure, but does not describe or suggest that a weight used for a dynamic vibration absorber is disposed on the tool tip side.

本発明の動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具は、工具先端側の切刃近傍の位置に、錘の重心を配置することによって、錘の質量を小さくすることを可能にした。従って例えば、φ16からφ40mm程度の小径サイズの工具にも、動吸振器を備えることを可能とした。   The rotary cutting tool provided with the dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention can reduce the mass of the weight by arranging the center of gravity of the weight at a position near the cutting edge on the tool tip side. Therefore, for example, it is possible to provide a dynamic vibration absorber in a tool having a small diameter of about φ16 to φ40 mm.

本発明の目的は、突き出し量が工具径の5倍以上となるような加工条件においても、高効率な切削加工が可能な回転切削工具を提供することである。回転切削工具を用いて深穴部や狭隘部などの加工するときに、工具径に対して突き出し量を長くして切削加工することがあるが、このような場合であっても本発明の動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具は、工具先端での剛性低下を回避してびびり振動の発生を防止し、良好な表面粗さや優れた寸法精度を得ることができる。   An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary cutting tool capable of high-efficiency cutting even under machining conditions in which the protruding amount is 5 times or more the tool diameter. When machining a deep hole or narrow part using a rotary cutting tool, the protruding amount may be increased with respect to the tool diameter. A rotary cutting tool provided with a vibration absorber can avoid the occurrence of chatter vibration by avoiding a reduction in rigidity at the tip of the tool, and can obtain good surface roughness and excellent dimensional accuracy.

本発明は、動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具において、前記回転切削工具はシャンク部に切刃を有するヘッド部を結合したヘッド交換式の回転切削工具であり、前記動吸振器は、前記ヘッド部に備えられており、前記動吸振器は、錘、弾性体および錘支持軸を有し、略円柱形状をした前記錘は前記弾性体を介して前記錘支持軸によって支持されており、前記錘は、質量密度が16g/cm以上の材料からなり、前記錘支持軸は、回転軸線と平行であり、前記錘の長手方向と直交するように配置しており、前記回転切削工具の切刃側の先端から基端方向に前記錘の重心位置までの回転軸線上の距離(mm)をHとし、前記回転切削工具の刃径(mm)をDcとしたとき、1.00≦(H/Dc)≦1.25の範囲にあることを特徴とする動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具である。 The present invention relates to a rotary cutting tool provided with a dynamic vibration absorber, wherein the rotary cutting tool is a head-exchange-type rotary cutting tool in which a head portion having a cutting blade is coupled to a shank portion, and the dynamic vibration absorber is a head The dynamic vibration absorber has a weight, an elastic body, and a weight support shaft, and the weight having a substantially cylindrical shape is supported by the weight support shaft through the elastic body, The weight is made of a material having a mass density of 16 g / cm 3 or more, the weight support shaft is parallel to the rotation axis, and is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the weight. When the distance (mm) on the rotation axis from the tip on the blade side to the center of gravity of the weight in the proximal direction is H and the blade diameter (mm) of the rotary cutting tool is Dc, 1.00 ≦ (H / Dc) kinetic vibration characterized by being in the range of ≦ 1.25 This is a rotary cutting tool equipped with a tool.

本発明の動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具によれば、動吸振器の錘支持軸は回転軸線と平行とし、錘の長手方向と直交するように配置したので、従来のダンパーオイルを密閉しているような防振機構と比較して、本発明の動吸振器は、より簡単な構造となっている。また、工具先端側の切刃近傍に錘の重心を配置して、小さい質量の錘であっても、錘の慣性による反力を工具先端に効率よく加えることができるため、小径サイズの工具にも適用でき、突き出し量が工具径の5倍以上となるような加工条件においても、高効率な切削加工が可能な回転切削工具を提供することができる。   According to the rotary cutting tool equipped with the dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention, the weight support shaft of the dynamic vibration absorber is parallel to the rotation axis and is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the weight. Compared with such an anti-vibration mechanism, the dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention has a simpler structure. In addition, by placing the center of gravity of the weight near the cutting edge on the tool tip side, even if the weight is small, reaction force due to the inertia of the weight can be efficiently applied to the tool tip. It is also possible to provide a rotary cutting tool capable of highly efficient cutting even under machining conditions in which the protruding amount is 5 times or more the tool diameter.

本発明例1の回転切削工具の正面図とその一部断面図を示す。The front view and its partial cross section figure of the rotary cutting tool of the example 1 of this invention are shown. 図1に示す回転切削工具のA−A部断面図を示す。The AA section sectional view of the rotary cutting tool shown in Drawing 1 is shown. 図1に示す回転切削工具の側面図とその一部断面図を示す。The side view and partial sectional view of the rotary cutting tool shown in FIG. 1 are shown.

図1に本発明の例として、防振性能を備えた回転切削工具(1)の正面図と一部断面図を示す。この一部断面図では、シャンク部(2)と切刃を有するヘッド部(3)との結合部の断面を示す。ヘッド部には動吸振器を備えており、防振性能を発揮する。また、回転切削工具は、シャンク部(2)に雌ねじ部を有し、切刃を有するヘッド部(3)に雄ネジ部を有していることから、ヘッド部をシャンク部にねじで結合したヘッド交換式の回転切削工具で構成される。このヘッド部の先端にはインサート(8)が装着され、チップポケット(9)を有しており、切刃側には工具径方向に貫通穴が空いている。この貫通穴の両端は蓋(7)で閉じており、内部には中空部が設けられ、この中空部内に動吸振器を備えている。この動吸振器は、円柱形状の錘(4)、弾性体(5)および錘支持軸(6)で構成される。円柱形状の錘には、円筒側面中央に錘の長手方向と直交する貫通穴があり、その貫通穴に錘支持軸が挿入されている。錘は、錘支持軸との間隙に弾性体を介することで支持されている。錘支持軸は工具回転軸と平行であり、円柱形状をした錘の長手方向と工具回転軸とは直交した構成となっている。動吸振器はヘッド部の中空部内に配置されている。   FIG. 1 shows, as an example of the present invention, a front view and a partial cross-sectional view of a rotary cutting tool (1) having anti-vibration performance. In this partial cross-sectional view, a cross section of a joint portion between the shank portion (2) and the head portion (3) having a cutting edge is shown. The head part is equipped with a dynamic vibration absorber and exhibits vibration-proof performance. Moreover, since the rotary cutting tool has a female thread part in the shank part (2) and a male thread part in the head part (3) having a cutting blade, the head part is coupled to the shank part with a screw. Consists of a head-changing rotary cutting tool. An insert (8) is attached to the tip of the head part, and has a tip pocket (9), and a through hole is formed in the tool radial direction on the cutting edge side. Both ends of the through hole are closed by a lid (7), and a hollow portion is provided inside, and a dynamic vibration absorber is provided in the hollow portion. This dynamic vibration absorber is composed of a cylindrical weight (4), an elastic body (5), and a weight support shaft (6). The column-shaped weight has a through hole perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the weight at the center of the cylindrical side surface, and a weight support shaft is inserted into the through hole. The weight is supported by an elastic body in the gap with the weight support shaft. The weight support shaft is parallel to the tool rotation axis, and the longitudinal direction of the columnar weight is orthogonal to the tool rotation axis. The dynamic vibration absorber is disposed in the hollow portion of the head portion.

本発明の回転切削工具における第1の防振効果は、動吸振器を備えることにより、錘が工具本体の振動振幅に比例した反力を与えることができ、加工時における振動を減衰させ、また、工具先端側の切刃近傍の位置に錘の重心を配置することによって、錘の質量を小さくすることを可能にした。
第2の防振効果は、弾性体自体の減衰性能を利用して防振効果を得ることにより、ダンパー油等を使用しないで振動を減衰させるため、簡単な構造で製作でき、例えばφ16からφ40mm程度の小径サイズの工具でも、防振機能を備えることが可能となる。
第3の防振効果は、工具本体のシャンク部の材料に、例えばヤング率と質量密度が高い超硬合金製シャンクを用いることによって防振効果を向上させることである。
The first vibration isolating effect in the rotary cutting tool of the present invention is that by providing a dynamic vibration absorber, the weight can give a reaction force proportional to the vibration amplitude of the tool main body, attenuate the vibration during processing, The weight of the weight can be reduced by arranging the center of gravity of the weight at a position near the cutting edge on the tool tip side.
The second anti-vibration effect can be manufactured with a simple structure because the vibration is attenuated without using damper oil or the like by obtaining the anti-vibration effect by utilizing the damping performance of the elastic body itself, for example, φ16 to φ40 mm Even a tool having a small diameter can be provided with an anti-vibration function.
The third anti-vibration effect is to improve the anti-vibration effect by using, for example, a cemented carbide shank having a high Young's modulus and high mass density as the material of the shank portion of the tool body.

本発明の回転切削工具と、従来の動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具との違いは、略円柱形上の錘を配置する方向が異なることである。即ち、本発明は、工具の回転軸と錘の長手方向とが直交するように配置されているのに対して、従来の防振機能を備えた回転切削工具は、工具回転軸と錘の長手方向とが平行で同じ方向に配置されていることである。本発明の様に、錘の長手方向が回転軸と直交して配置することにより、工具先端側の切刃近傍の位置に錘の重心を配置することが可能となり、錘の質量を小さくすることができた。これにより、小さい質量の錘であっても、錘の慣性による反力を工具先端に効率よく加えることができるとともに、小径サイズの工具にも適用できる。このために、回転切削工具の切削時の振動に対する減衰効果を向上させて、びびり振動を抑制することができる。しかし、従来の動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具における錘の配置では、上記の効果を得ることが困難であると思われる。   The difference between the rotary cutting tool of the present invention and the rotary cutting tool provided with the conventional dynamic vibration absorber is that the direction in which the weight on the substantially cylindrical shape is arranged is different. That is, the present invention is arranged so that the rotation axis of the tool and the longitudinal direction of the weight are orthogonal to each other, whereas the conventional rotary cutting tool having a vibration isolating function is the longitudinal axis of the tool rotation axis and the weight. The direction is parallel and arranged in the same direction. By arranging the longitudinal direction of the weight perpendicular to the rotation axis as in the present invention, it becomes possible to place the center of gravity of the weight at a position near the cutting edge on the tool tip side, and to reduce the weight of the weight. I was able to. Thereby, even if it is a weight with a small mass, while being able to apply the reaction force by the inertia of a weight to a tool tip efficiently, it is applicable also to a small diameter size tool. For this reason, the damping effect with respect to the vibration at the time of cutting of a rotary cutting tool can be improved, and chatter vibration can be suppressed. However, it seems that it is difficult to obtain the above-described effect with the arrangement of the weights in the rotary cutting tool provided with the conventional dynamic vibration absorber.

本発明の回転切削工具の切刃側の先端から基端方向に錘の重心位置までの回転軸上の距離をH(mm)、回転切削工具の刃径をDc(mm)としたとき、(H/Dc)値は、1.00≦(H/Dc)≦1.25の範囲と規定する。(H/Dc)値が1.25を超えて大きい場合、錘の慣性による反力を工具先端に加えることができなくなり、防振性能が少なくなってしまう。また、(H/Dc)値が1.00未満の場合、刃先交換式工具を取付けるための機構を適正な形状で製作できなくなるため不適である。工具本体に動吸振器を取付けるための貫通穴がインサート取付け部のチップポケット形状に干渉してしまうため、チップポケット形状を小さく設計しなくてはならない。これにより切り屑の排出性が悪くなり、切削性能に影響することから不適である。   When the distance on the rotation axis from the tip on the cutting edge side of the rotary cutting tool of the present invention to the center of gravity of the weight in the proximal direction is H (mm) and the blade diameter of the rotary cutting tool is Dc (mm), (H / Dc) value is defined as a range of 1.00 ≦ (H / Dc) ≦ 1.25. When the (H / Dc) value is larger than 1.25, the reaction force due to the inertia of the weight cannot be applied to the tool tip, and the vibration isolation performance is reduced. Further, when the (H / Dc) value is less than 1.00, it is not suitable because a mechanism for attaching the blade-tip replaceable tool cannot be manufactured in an appropriate shape. Since the through hole for attaching the dynamic vibration absorber to the tool body interferes with the tip pocket shape of the insert mounting portion, the tip pocket shape must be designed to be small. As a result, the chip dischargeability is deteriorated, which affects the cutting performance.

本発明の動吸振器における錘は、質量密度が16g/cm以上の材料を用い、略円柱形状である。錘は、質量密度が16g/cm以上の金属材料を用いることにより、錘の体積を小さくすることができ、小径サイズでの使用が可能となる。一方、質量密度を16g/cm未満の金属材料を用いた場合、防振効果を得るために必要な質量を確保しようとすると、錘の体積を大きくする必要があり、錘の重心位置を工具先端部に持っていくのが難しくなるため、十分な防振効果を得ることができなくなり、不適である。さらに、錘の体積を大きくとると、中空部の容積も大きくなってしまい工具本体の剛性が低下し、防振性能が得られなくなる。本発明は、簡単な構造の動吸振器を備え、例えばφ16からφ40mm程度の小径サイズで防振効果を向上させることを特徴としている。 The weight in the dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention has a substantially cylindrical shape using a material having a mass density of 16 g / cm 3 or more. By using a metal material having a mass density of 16 g / cm 3 or more, the weight of the weight can be reduced, and the weight can be used in a small diameter size. On the other hand, when a metal material having a mass density of less than 16 g / cm 3 is used, it is necessary to increase the volume of the weight in order to secure the mass necessary to obtain the vibration isolation effect. Since it becomes difficult to bring to the tip, a sufficient vibration-proofing effect cannot be obtained, which is inappropriate. Furthermore, when the volume of the weight is increased, the volume of the hollow portion is also increased, the rigidity of the tool body is lowered, and vibration isolation performance cannot be obtained. The present invention includes a dynamic vibration absorber having a simple structure, and is characterized in that the vibration isolation effect is improved with a small diameter size of about φ16 to φ40 mm, for example.

本発明の動吸振器における弾性体は、例えば、JIS、K6301規定のスプリング式A型JIS硬度計において、ゴム硬度がHs30〜50の耐熱性及び耐摩耗性に優れるフッ素系ゴム、又はウレタンゴムを使用することが好ましい。この理由は、重量のある錘を弾性支持するのに好適な剛性と、防振性能を得るために必要な弾性を有しているからである。また、切削加工時は切削による切削熱が弾性体に伝達して150℃程度の高温となるため、耐熱性を必要とするからである。
以下、本発明を下記の実施例により詳細に説明するが、下記の実施例により本発明が限定されるものではない。
The elastic body in the dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention is, for example, a fluorinated rubber or urethane rubber having excellent heat resistance and wear resistance with a rubber hardness of Hs 30 to 50 in a spring type A-type JIS hardness meter defined by JIS, K6301. It is preferable to use it. This is because it has rigidity suitable for elastically supporting a heavy weight and elasticity necessary for obtaining vibration-proof performance. In addition, the heat of cutting is transmitted to the elastic body at the time of cutting and becomes a high temperature of about 150 ° C., so heat resistance is required.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

本発明の動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具を作製し、防振効果を確認した。図1に示す通り、本発明例1の回転切削工具(1)は、超硬合金製のシャンク部(2)に切刃を有するヘッド部(3)を結合したヘッド交換式の回転切削工具であり、ヘッド部はSCM材を用いて作製した。このヘッド部の先端には、インサート取付け座を4個形成した。インサート取付け座には、φ12mmの丸駒形状の超硬合金製のインサート(8)を4個装着することにより、本発明例1の回転切削工具は、ラジアスタイプのエンドミルとした。
本発明例1の回転切削工具におけるDc値はφ30mm、ヘッド部の長さは50mm、シャンク部の長さは、250(mm)とした。
A rotary cutting tool equipped with the dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention was produced, and the vibration isolation effect was confirmed. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary cutting tool (1) of Example 1 of the present invention is a head exchange type rotary cutting tool in which a head part (3) having a cutting edge is coupled to a cemented carbide shank part (2). Yes, the head part was made using SCM material. Four insert mounting seats were formed at the tip of the head portion. The insert mounting seat was equipped with four inserts (8) made of cemented carbide with a round piece shape of φ12 mm, so that the rotary cutting tool of Example 1 of the present invention was a radius type end mill.
In the rotary cutting tool of Invention Example 1, the Dc value was 30 mm, the head part length was 50 mm, and the shank part length was 250 (mm).

また、ヘッド部の内部には、動吸振器を配置するために中空部を設けた。動吸振器は、円柱形状をした錘(4)、弾性体(5)および錘支持軸(6)を有し、錘のサイズは直径12mm、長さ21mmで、質量密度が16g/cmのタングステン合金材により作製した。円柱形状をした錘の側面中央には直径4mmの貫通穴を形成し、ここに直径3mmの錘支持軸を挿入した。 Further, a hollow portion was provided inside the head portion in order to dispose the dynamic vibration absorber. The dynamic vibration absorber has a cylindrical weight (4), an elastic body (5), and a weight support shaft (6). The weight has a diameter of 12 mm, a length of 21 mm, and a mass density of 16 g / cm 3 . It was made of a tungsten alloy material. A through hole having a diameter of 4 mm was formed in the center of the side surface of the columnar weight, and a weight support shaft having a diameter of 3 mm was inserted therein.

弾性体は、ゴム硬度がHs50のフッ素系ゴム弾性体を用い、錘の貫通穴と錘支持軸との間隙を埋めるように配置し、両者を支持した。即ち、錘支持軸と錘は弾性体を介して、錘の長手方向と直交するように取り付けた。上記のように組み立てた動吸振器は、ヘッド部の内部の中空部に配置した。この時、錘の重心位置であるH値は、32.4mmとした。これは、H/Dc値が、1.08に相当する。また、錘支持軸は、回転軸線と平行であり、ヘッド部の側面には、錘の露出を回避するために蓋(7)を用いた。このようにして作製したヘッド部は、超硬合金製のシャンク部とねじにより結合し、本発明例1の回転切削工具とした。   The elastic body was a fluorine rubber elastic body having a rubber hardness of Hs50, and was disposed so as to fill the gap between the through hole of the weight and the weight support shaft, and both were supported. That is, the weight support shaft and the weight were attached via an elastic body so as to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the weight. The dynamic vibration absorber assembled as described above was disposed in the hollow portion inside the head portion. At this time, the H value which is the gravity center position of the weight was set to 32.4 mm. This corresponds to an H / Dc value of 1.08. The weight support shaft is parallel to the rotation axis, and a lid (7) is used on the side surface of the head portion in order to avoid exposure of the weight. The head part produced in this way was joined to the cemented carbide shank part with a screw to obtain a rotary cutting tool of Example 1 of the present invention.

また、本発明例2から5、比較例6から8は、本発明例1に準じて作製し、一部寸法や、錘の材質が異なる回転切削工具とし、表1に示した。   Inventive Examples 2 to 5 and Comparative Examples 6 to 8 are produced in accordance with Inventive Example 1, and are shown in Table 1 as rotary cutting tools having different dimensions and weight materials.

Figure 2012157966
Figure 2012157966














本発明例2のH値は30mmとし、これは、H/Dc値が1.00に相当する。本発明例3のH値は36mmとし、これは、H/Dc値が1.20に相当する。本発明例4のH値は37.5mmとし、これは、H/Dc値が1.25に相当する。これらの錘の質量密度は16g/cmのタングステン合金を用いた。また、本発明例5のH値は本発明例4と同じ37.5mm、H/Dc値は1.25に相当し、錘の質量密度は18g/cmのタングステン合金を用いた。更に、比較例6、7、8のH値は、夫々27.9mm、39mm、36mmとした。これらは、H/Dc値が、夫々0.93、1.30、1.20に相当する。但し、比較例6、7は、錘の質量密度が16g/cmのタングステン合金を用い、比較例8は、錘の質量密度が15g/cmのタングステン合金を用いた。従来例9は、ヘッド部に動吸振器を備えていない回転切削工具を用意した。 In Example 2 of the present invention, the H value is 30 mm, which corresponds to an H / Dc value of 1.00. In Example 3 of the present invention, the H value is 36 mm, which corresponds to an H / Dc value of 1.20. The H value of Invention Example 4 is 37.5 mm, which corresponds to an H / Dc value of 1.25. A tungsten alloy having a mass density of 16 g / cm 3 was used for these weights. In addition, a tungsten alloy having an H value of Inventive Example 5 corresponding to 37.5 mm as in Inventive Example 4, an H / Dc value of 1.25, and a mass density of a weight of 18 g / cm 3 was used. Furthermore, the H values of Comparative Examples 6, 7, and 8 were 27.9 mm, 39 mm, and 36 mm, respectively. These correspond to H / Dc values of 0.93, 1.30, and 1.20, respectively. However, Comparative Examples 6 and 7 used a tungsten alloy having a mass density of 16 g / cm 3 , and Comparative Example 8 used a tungsten alloy having a mass density of 15 g / cm 3 . In Conventional Example 9, a rotary cutting tool that does not include a dynamic vibration absorber in the head portion was prepared.

まずは、夫々の回転切削工具の防振効果を確認するために、一定強度の打撃を与えた時の加速度を測定して、これより周波数応答関数を求めた。測定装置は、キスラー社製の加速度センサーと打撃ハンマーを使用して加速度を測定し、周波数応答関数を算出した。ここで求めた関数を用いて、固有振動数における振幅のピーク値を求めた。表2には、周波数応答関数によって求めた振幅のピーク値を示す。   First, in order to confirm the anti-vibration effect of each rotary cutting tool, the acceleration was measured when an impact with a certain strength was applied, and the frequency response function was obtained from this. The measurement device measured acceleration using a Kistler acceleration sensor and a hammer and calculated a frequency response function. Using the function obtained here, the peak value of the amplitude at the natural frequency was obtained. Table 2 shows the peak value of the amplitude obtained by the frequency response function.

Figure 2012157966
Figure 2012157966














防振性能の評価方法は、動吸振器を備えていない従来例9の鋼製ヘッド部の振幅ピーク値(B値)を基準値として用いた。本発明の動吸振器を備えたヘッド部の振幅ピーク値(A値)を求めたとき、A値とB値との比(A/B)より、振動減衰性能を比較評価した。この評価方法では、動吸振器を備えていない鋼製ヘッド部の値を1.0としたとき、動吸振器を備えたヘッド部の(A/B)値が小さいほど、防振効果が優れていることを示す。本発明では、(A/B)値が0.4以下になっているものを、防振効果が有効であると判断した。   In the evaluation method of the vibration isolation performance, the amplitude peak value (B value) of the steel head portion of Conventional Example 9 that does not include a dynamic vibration absorber was used as a reference value. When the amplitude peak value (A value) of the head portion provided with the dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention was determined, the vibration damping performance was compared and evaluated from the ratio (A / B) between the A value and the B value. In this evaluation method, when the value of the steel head portion not provided with the dynamic vibration absorber is 1.0, the smaller the (A / B) value of the head portion provided with the dynamic vibration absorber, the better the vibration isolation effect. Indicates that In the present invention, when the (A / B) value is 0.4 or less, the anti-vibration effect is determined to be effective.

表2より、本発明例1から5、比較例6は、(A/B)値が0.40以下でとなり、防振効果は有効であった。これは、錘の重心位置を工具先端側に配置することにより、錘の慣性による反力をより工具先端側に加えることができ、回転振動に対する減衰効果を向上させて、防振効果を得ることができたためであると考えられる。一方、比較例7と8の(A/B)値は0.4を超えて大きく、防振効果を効果的に得ることはできなかった。ここで、比較例7の(A/B)値が0.47と大きくなってしまった理由は、(H/Dc)値が1.30であり、本発明が規定する1.25を超えてしまったため、錘の慣性による反力を工具先端側に十分に加えることができず、回転振動に対する減衰効果を得ることができなかったからである。また、比較例8の(A/B)値が0.42と大きくなってしまった理由は、錘の質量密度が15g/cmであり、直径12mm、高さ21mmの錘形状では防振効果を得るための十分な質量を得ることができなかったからである。 From Table 2, Invention Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 6 had an (A / B) value of 0.40 or less, and the anti-vibration effect was effective. By placing the weight center of gravity on the tool tip side, the reaction force due to the inertia of the weight can be applied to the tool tip side more, and the damping effect against rotational vibration can be improved to obtain a vibration isolation effect. This is probably because of On the other hand, the (A / B) values of Comparative Examples 7 and 8 were larger than 0.4, and the anti-vibration effect could not be obtained effectively. Here, the reason why the (A / B) value in Comparative Example 7 was as large as 0.47 was that the (H / Dc) value was 1.30, exceeding 1.25 defined by the present invention. This is because the reaction force due to the inertia of the weight could not be sufficiently applied to the tool tip side, and a damping effect against rotational vibration could not be obtained. Further, the reason that the (A / B) value of Comparative Example 8 was as large as 0.42 was that the mass density of the weight was 15 g / cm 3 , and a weight shape having a diameter of 12 mm and a height of 21 mm had a vibration-proof effect. This is because it was not possible to obtain a sufficient mass for obtaining the above.

次に切削加工時の軸方向切り込み量の限界値を比較することにより、安定した切削が可能な領域を求めるテストを行った。切削条件を以下に示す。評価方法は、安定な切削状態があられる軸方向切り込み量を求めることにより、評価を行った。0.10から0.25mmまでの範囲で軸方向切り込み量を変化させたとき、びびり振動等の発生が無く安定した切削状態のものを○印、びびり振動の発生は見られたものの、その程度が小さなものを△印、びびり振動の程度が大きく切削不可なものを×印とした。評価結果を表3に示す。
(切削条件)
使用機械:縦型マシニングセンター
加工方法:平面切削加工、乾式切削
被削材:S50C
工具突き出し長さ:240mm
主軸回転数:毎分1000回転
一刃あたりの送り量:1.0mm/刃
半径方向切り込み量:20mm
Next, a test was performed to find a region where stable cutting is possible by comparing the limit values of the amount of axial cutting at the time of cutting. The cutting conditions are shown below. The evaluation method evaluated by calculating | requiring the axial direction cutting amount in which a stable cutting state exists. When the amount of cut in the axial direction is changed in the range from 0.10 to 0.25 mm, no chatter vibration or the like is generated, and a stable cutting state is marked with a circle. Are marked with Δ, and those with large chatter vibrations that cannot be cut are marked with x. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.
(Cutting conditions)
Machine used: Vertical machining center
Processing method: Flat cutting, dry cutting
Work material: S50C
Tool protrusion length: 240mm
Spindle speed: 1000 rpm
Feed per blade: 1.0mm / tooth
Radial cut depth: 20mm

Figure 2012157966
Figure 2012157966














本発明例1から5の軸方向の切り込み量は、0.25mmまで安定した切削が可能となり、満足のできる結果を得ることができた。これによって、従来例9よりも2倍以上の切り込み量を得られることが確認できた。また、本発明例1から5のように、(H/Dc)値を1.25以下に設定して、錘の重心位置を工具先端側に配置することにより、錘の慣性による反力を工具先端側に加えることができ、切削時の振動に対する減衰効果が有効に作用する事を実際の切削加工試験において確認することができた。さらに、錘の質量密度を16g/cm以上とすることによって、十分な錘の質量と体積を得ることが可能となり、防振効果を得ることを確認した。 The cutting amount in the axial direction of Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention enabled stable cutting to 0.25 mm, and satisfactory results could be obtained. Thus, it was confirmed that a cutting amount twice or more that of Conventional Example 9 can be obtained. Further, as in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, the (H / Dc) value is set to 1.25 or less, and the gravity center position of the weight is arranged on the tool tip side, so that the reaction force due to the inertia of the weight is reduced to the tool. It can be added to the tip side, and it has been confirmed in an actual cutting test that the damping effect on vibration during cutting works effectively. Furthermore, it was confirmed that by setting the mass density of the weight to 16 g / cm 3 or more, it is possible to obtain a sufficient mass and volume of the weight, and to obtain a vibration isolation effect.

一方、比較例6は(H/Dc)値が0.93であることから、錘の重心位置が工具先端側にあるために防振効果が有効に作用し、本発明例1から5と同様に、軸方向の切り込み量は、0.25mmまで切削可能となり良好となった。しかし、H/Dc値が1.0未満であることから、回転工具本体のチップポケット形状を小さくしなければならなかった。この理由は、チップポケット形状と錘を挿入する中空部とが干渉するのを回避することによって、錘がむき出しになるのを防ぐめである。この様に、チップポケット形状を小さくしたために、切り屑の排出性が悪く、切り屑を噛みこんでしまい、切削時に不規則なびびり振動が発生した。これより安定切削が困難となり、切削工具としては不適であると判断した。   On the other hand, since the (H / Dc) value of Comparative Example 6 is 0.93, the position of the center of gravity of the weight is on the tool tip side, so that the anti-vibration effect is effective and is the same as Examples 1 to 5 of the invention. In addition, the cutting amount in the axial direction was good because cutting was possible up to 0.25 mm. However, since the H / Dc value is less than 1.0, the tip pocket shape of the rotary tool body has to be reduced. The reason for this is to prevent the weight from being exposed by avoiding interference between the chip pocket shape and the hollow portion into which the weight is inserted. As described above, since the chip pocket shape was reduced, the chip dischargeability was poor, the chips were bitten, and irregular chatter vibration occurred during cutting. As a result, stable cutting became difficult, and it was judged that it was unsuitable as a cutting tool.

比較例7は、軸方向の切り込み量が0.20mmまでしか切削できず、防振性能が十分ではなかった。これは(H/Dc)値が1.30であることから、錘の重心位置が工具先端から離れた配置となったために、錘の慣性による反力を工具先端側に効果的に加えることができなかったと考えられる。   In Comparative Example 7, the cutting amount in the axial direction could only be cut to 0.20 mm, and the anti-vibration performance was not sufficient. Since the (H / Dc) value is 1.30, the center of gravity position of the weight is arranged away from the tool tip, so that the reaction force due to the inertia of the weight can be effectively applied to the tool tip side. It is thought that it was not possible.

比較例8も、軸方向の切り込み量が0.20mmまでしか切削できず、防振性能が十分ではなかった。これは、錘の質量密度が15g/cmでのタングステン合金を使用したために、防振性能を持つための十分な質量を確保できず、錘の慣性による反力を工具先端側に効果的に加えることができなかったと考えられる。 In Comparative Example 8 as well, the cutting amount in the axial direction could only be cut to 0.20 mm, and the anti-vibration performance was not sufficient. This is because a tungsten alloy having a mass density of 15 g / cm 3 is used, so that a sufficient mass for vibration-proofing performance cannot be secured, and the reaction force due to the inertia of the weight is effectively applied to the tool tip side. It is thought that they could not be added.

本発明の動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具は、突き出し量が工具径の5倍以上となるような、長い突き出し量における加工条件においても高効率な切削加工が可能な回転切削工具を提供することができる。   The rotary cutting tool provided with the dynamic vibration absorber of the present invention provides a rotary cutting tool capable of highly efficient cutting even under machining conditions with a long protruding amount such that the protruding amount is 5 times or more of the tool diameter. be able to.

1 回転切削工具
2 シャンク部
3 ヘッド部
4 錘
5 弾性体
6 錘支持軸
7 蓋
8 インサート
9 チップポケット
1 Rotary cutting tool
2 Shank
3 Head
4 spindles
5 Elastic body
6 spindle support shaft
7 Lid
8 Insert
9 Chip pocket

Claims (1)

動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具において、前記回転切削工具はシャンク部に切刃を有するヘッド部を結合したヘッド交換式の回転切削工具であり、前記動吸振器は、前記ヘッド部に備えられており、前記動吸振器は、錘、弾性体および錘支持軸を有し、略円柱形状をした前記錘は前記弾性体を介して前記錘支持軸によって支持されており、前記錘は、質量密度が16g/cm以上の材料からなり、前記錘支持軸は、回転軸線と平行であり、前記錘の長手方向と直交するように配置しており、前記回転切削工具の切刃側の先端から基端方向に前記錘の重心位置までの回転軸線上の距離(mm)をHとし、前記回転切削工具の刃径(mm)をDcとしたとき、1.00≦(H/Dc)≦1.25の範囲にあることを特徴とする動吸振器を備えた回転切削工具。 In the rotary cutting tool provided with the dynamic vibration absorber, the rotary cutting tool is a head exchange type rotary cutting tool in which a head portion having a cutting edge is coupled to a shank portion, and the dynamic vibration absorber is provided in the head portion. The dynamic vibration absorber has a weight, an elastic body, and a weight support shaft, the weight having a substantially cylindrical shape is supported by the weight support shaft through the elastic body, and the weight has a mass The weight support shaft is made of a material having a density of 16 g / cm 3 or more, and is arranged so as to be parallel to the rotation axis and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the weight. When the distance (mm) on the rotation axis from the center of gravity to the center of gravity of the weight in the base end direction is H and the blade diameter (mm) of the rotary cutting tool is Dc, 1.00 ≦ (H / Dc) ≦ Equipped with a dynamic vibration absorber characterized by being in the range of 1.25 Rotary cutting tool.
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