JP2011185713A - Adhesive property testing method - Google Patents
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、シーリング材や接着剤等とプライマーを塗布した被着体との接着性を試験するための接着性試験方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an adhesion test method for testing adhesion between a sealing material, an adhesive, and the like and an adherend to which a primer is applied.
従来、建築分野において、建築用部材とシーリング材との間の接着性をよくするためプライマーが用いられている。このプライマーは、シーリング材に対して専用とされている事が多く、シーリング材−プライマー間の接着性については一般に安定した性能を発揮する事ができる。しかし、建築用部材は、その材質や、塗装してある場合のその塗膜等が多種多様であり、使用する前に各種建築用部材とプライマー間の接着性を確かめる為の接着性試験を行う事が不可欠である。 Conventionally, in the construction field, a primer has been used to improve the adhesion between a building member and a sealing material. In many cases, this primer is dedicated to the sealing material, and generally, the adhesive property between the sealing material and the primer can exhibit stable performance. However, building materials have a wide variety of materials and coatings when painted, and before use, an adhesion test is performed to confirm the adhesion between various building members and the primer. Things are essential.
接着性試験の方法としては、従来からＪＩＳ Ａ １４３９：２００４「建築用シーリング材の試験方法」（非特許文献１）に記載されている「Ｈ型試験体」を用いた方法が知られているが、実際のシーリング材を打設した構成で試験を行うと、「Ｈ型試験体」を用いた方法よりも小さな力でプライマーが剥離することがあった。これは、実際にシーリング材が打設された箇所に予期しない応力が作用し、接着性試験で用いる試験体の構成がこのような実際の構成を再現できていないことが考えられる。
しかし、実際に使用する全ての建築用部材を用いて試験体を作成して評価を行うことは、建築用部材は形状や大きさが多岐にわたり、加工に非常に手間がかかる上に、中には引張り試験中に変形してしまい、評価ができないものもあり、困難である。
As an adhesion test method, a method using an “H-type test body” described in JIS A 1439: 2004 “Testing method of sealing material for building” (Non-patent Document 1) has been known. However, when the test was performed with a configuration in which an actual sealing material was placed, the primer sometimes peeled off with a smaller force than the method using the “H-type test specimen”. This is because an unexpected stress acts on a place where the sealing material is actually placed, and the configuration of the test body used in the adhesion test cannot reproduce such an actual configuration.
However, creating and evaluating test specimens using all the building materials that are actually used means that building materials have a wide variety of shapes and sizes, and it takes a lot of work to process. Are difficult to evaluate because they are deformed during the tensile test and cannot be evaluated.
本発明は、上記問題に鑑み、プライマーを塗布した建築用部材等の被着体にシーリング材等を接着したものが実際に使用される状況と同様の状況での接着性を、簡易かつ適切に評価することのできる接着性試験方法を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a simple and appropriate adhesive property in a situation similar to the situation in which a sealing material or the like is adhered to an adherend such as a building member coated with a primer. It is an object to provide an adhesion test method that can be evaluated.
本発明者らは、上述の課題を解決すべく研究した結果、使用前の検証における小規模の試験体を用いた場合でも、簡易に実際に使用される状況を再現できる試験方法を見出し、本発明に到達した。
すなわち、本発明は、
（１）被着体とこれに接着した被試験材とに力を加えて接着性を評価する接着性試験方法において、被着体と被試験材との接着面に一致させて被着体の被着面にプライマーを塗布することを特徴とする方法である。
そして、被着体と被試験材との接着面に一致させて被着体の被着面にプライマーを塗布する方法としては、
（２）前記被着体の前記被試験材が接着する領域よりも広くプライマーを塗布し、前記被試験材が接着した領域の端縁に沿ってプライマーに切れ目を入れる方法が好適であり、また、
（３）前記被着体の前記被試験材が接着する領域にのみプライマーを塗布する方法であってもよい。
As a result of researches to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found a test method that can easily reproduce the actual use situation even when using a small-scale test body in verification before use. The invention has been reached.
That is, the present invention
(1) In an adhesion test method in which adhesion is evaluated by applying a force to an adherend and a test material adhered thereto, the adherend and the test material are aligned with the adhesion surface of the adherend. It is a method characterized in that a primer is applied to the adherend surface.
And as a method of applying a primer to the adherend surface of the adherend in accordance with the adhesion surface of the adherend and the test material,
(2) A method in which a primer is applied wider than a region of the adherend to which the material to be tested adheres, and a primer is cut along an edge of a region to which the material to be tested is adhered, ,
(3) A method of applying a primer only to a region of the adherend to which the material to be tested adheres may be used.
本発明の試験方法を用いることにより、プライマーを塗布した建築用部材等の被着体にシーリング材等を接着したものが実際に使用される状況での接着性を、簡易かつ適切に評価することができる。 By using the test method of the present invention, simply and appropriately evaluate the adhesiveness in a situation where a sealing material or the like adhered to an adherend such as a building member coated with a primer is actually used. Can do.
本発明の接着性試験方法は、被着体とこれに接着した被試験材とに力を加えて接着性を評価する接着性試験方法において、被着体と被試験材との接着面に一致させて被着体の被着面にプライマーを塗布することを特徴とする。このように、プライマー塗布面の端縁と被試験材の接着面の端縁とを一致させることにより、かかる一致した端縁に沿って線状にあるいは角部に点状に最大応力が作用するようになり、実際の使用における応力の作用と同様の状況を再現することができる。 The adhesion test method of the present invention is the same as the adhesion surface between the adherend and the test material in the adhesion test method for evaluating the adhesion by applying force to the adherend and the test material adhered to the adherend. The primer is applied to the adherend surface of the adherend. In this way, by aligning the edge of the primer application surface with the edge of the bonding surface of the material to be tested, the maximum stress acts linearly along the matched edge or in the form of dots at the corners. Thus, the same situation as the action of stress in actual use can be reproduced.
このことをより具体的に説明すると、例えば、Ｈ型試験体で引張試験を行うと、弾性体であるシーリング材（被試験材）は変形するが、プライマーとの接着面は固定されているために該接着面の端縁に沿って線状に最大応力がかかることとなる。従来公知の接着性試験方法では、プライマーは被着体の被着面全面若しくは被試験材の接着面よりかなり広い範囲に塗布されている。このような試験体では、シーリング材の端縁にかかった応力が、被着体とプライマーとの間の界面では、シーリング材接着面以外の部分に分散される。しかし、実際のシーリング材を打設した構成では、シーリング材の端縁とプライマーの端縁とは一致している場合が多く、シーリング材の端縁に線状にかかる応力は、そのまま被着体とプライマーとの間の界面でも線状に集中してかかることになる。このために、実際の打設部の構成では、Ｈ型試験体での結果よりも小さい力でプライマーが剥離してしまうことになる。そこで、プライマーを被試験材との接着面に一致して塗布されているようにして、プライマー塗布面の端縁と被試験材の接着面の端縁とを一致させることによって、実際の打設部の構成を再現することができる。 To explain this more specifically, for example, when a tensile test is performed with an H-type test body, the sealing material (test material) that is an elastic body is deformed, but the adhesive surface with the primer is fixed. The maximum stress is applied linearly along the edge of the bonding surface. In a conventionally known adhesion test method, the primer is applied over a considerably wider range than the entire adherend surface of the adherend or the adhesion surface of the material to be tested. In such a test body, the stress applied to the edge of the sealing material is dispersed in a portion other than the sealing material adhesion surface at the interface between the adherend and the primer. However, in the configuration in which an actual sealing material is placed, the edge of the sealing material often coincides with the edge of the primer, and the linear stress on the edge of the sealing material remains as it is. The interface between the primer and the primer is concentrated in a linear manner. For this reason, in the actual configuration of the placement portion, the primer is peeled off with a force smaller than the result of the H-type test body. Therefore, the primer is applied so as to match the adhesion surface with the material to be tested, and the edge of the primer application surface and the edge of the adhesion surface of the material to be tested are matched, so that the actual placement The configuration of the part can be reproduced.
このように、本発明の接着性試験方法で用いる試験体においては、被試験材と接着している部分の被着体上のプライマー皮膜面の輪郭が、被試験材の被着体と接着している接着面の輪郭と一致若しくは近接することが重要であって、下記実施例に限定されるものではなく、特に試験体各部の寸法が異なっていてもよいことを明記しておく。 Thus, in the test body used in the adhesion test method of the present invention, the contour of the primer film surface on the adherend of the portion that is bonded to the test material adheres to the adherend of the test material. It is important to match or be close to the outline of the bonding surface, and is not limited to the following examples, and it should be clearly noted that the dimensions of each part of the specimen may be different.
本発明の接着性試験方法における力の加え方については、引張に加えて、せん断、剥離、割裂等、実際の使用の状況を勘案して必要に応じて様々な力の加え方で試験を行うことができる。力の加え方によっては、一致させたプライマー塗布面及び被試験材の接着面の端縁に沿って線状に最大応力が作用する場合に加えて、直方体形状のシーリング材の角部に点状に最大応力が作用するような場合もある。 Regarding the method of applying force in the adhesion test method of the present invention, in addition to tension, the test is performed by applying various forces as necessary in consideration of actual use conditions such as shearing, peeling, splitting, etc. be able to. Depending on how the force is applied, in addition to the case where the maximum stress acts linearly along the edges of the matched primer application surface and the bonding surface of the DUT, dot-like shapes are formed at the corners of the rectangular parallelepiped sealing material. In some cases, the maximum stress may be applied.
本発明の接着性試験方法について、図を参照しながらさらに詳細に説明する。
本発明の接着性試験方法に用いる試験体においては、被着体とシーリング材等の被試験材とが直接接触する事は好ましくなく、被着体の被試験材との接触部分にのみプライマーを塗布することが困難な場合は、被着体の被試験材との接触部分より広い部分にプライマーを塗布し、試験の前に被試験材と被着体が接着した部分に沿ってプライマー皮膜に切れ目を入れることで本発明の試験体を作製することができる。このようにして作製した接着性試験用試験体の一例を図１に示す。なお、図１の（ａ）、（ｂ）及び（ｃ）は、それぞれ斜視図、正面図及び上面図である。この例では、被着体である２枚の基板１の被着面全体にプライマー３を塗布し、このプライマーを塗布した面の中央部分に、長辺の長さが被着面の幅と等しい直方体形状の被試験材２を、図示されるように基板１の側面と被試験材２の側面とがＨ型になるように接着してある。そして、被試験材２が接着している辺に沿ってプライマー３の皮膜を貫通する切れ目４を合わせて４本入れてある。
The adhesion test method of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
In the test body used in the adhesion test method of the present invention, it is not preferable that the adherend and the test material such as a sealing material are in direct contact, and a primer is applied only to the contact portion of the adherend with the test material. If it is difficult to apply the primer, apply the primer to a part wider than the contact part of the adherend with the material to be tested, and apply the primer film along the part where the material to be tested and the adherend adhere to each other before the test. The test body of the present invention can be produced by making a cut. An example of the adhesion test specimen prepared in this manner is shown in FIG. 1A, 1B, and 1C are a perspective view, a front view, and a top view, respectively. In this example, the
もちろん、接着性試験用試験体は、被着体の被試験材との接触部分にのみプライマーを塗布して作製してもよい。このようにして作製した接着性試験用試験体の例を、上記同様に、図２（正面図）に示す。この例では、図１の試験体において、プライマー３が被試験材２が接着する部分にのみ塗布されている。
Of course, the test specimen for adhesion test may be prepared by applying a primer only to the contact portion of the adherend with the material to be tested. An example of the test specimen for adhesion test thus produced is shown in FIG. 2 (front view) as described above. In this example, in the test body of FIG. 1, the
なお、被着体が軟らかい場合は、被着体の被試験材との接着面の反対側に、同サイズのスレート板等の硬い材料を接着剤等で貼り付けてから試験に供する事も可能である。
上述のような接着性試験用試験体を用いて、接着性を評価することによって、プライマーやシーリング材が実際に使用される状況と同様の状況での接着性を簡易かつ適切に評価することができる。
If the adherend is soft, it is also possible to apply a hard material such as a slate plate of the same size to the opposite side of the adherend to the material to be tested, using an adhesive, etc. It is.
By evaluating the adhesion using the test specimen for adhesion test as described above, it is possible to simply and appropriately evaluate the adhesion in a situation similar to the situation where the primer and the sealing material are actually used. it can.
＜試験体の構造＞
実施例に用いた試験体は、図１に示されるものである。被試験材２（シーリング材）は、その断面が１２×１２ｍｍであり、その長さは５０ｍｍの直方体である。シーリング材の１２×５０ｍｍの１面が、厚さ２ｍｍ×５０ｍｍ角のプライマー３が塗布された、被着体である基板１としての焼付け塗装アルミ板に接着され、シーリング材の該被着面とは反対側の１面が、もう一方の基板１に接着されている。シーリング材の１２ｍｍの辺に沿って、４本の少なくともプライマー３の皮膜を貫通する切れ目４を入れる。
<Structure of specimen>
The test body used for the Example is shown by FIG. The DUT 2 (sealing material) is a rectangular parallelepiped having a cross section of 12 × 12 mm and a length of 50 mm. One surface of 12 × 50 mm of the sealing material is bonded to a baking coated aluminum plate as the
＜試験体の作成方法＞
上述の試験体は、以下のようにして作製した。厚み２ｍｍの焼付け塗装アルミ板を５０ｍｍ角に２枚切断し、必要に応じて表面をバフがけした後、表面を洗浄・乾燥したものを被着体とした。被着体に各種プライマーを塗布し、温度２３℃、相対湿度５０％雰囲気中で１時間養生した後、シーリング材（オート化学工業（株）製ＡＬＣコークタイプＩＩ（商品名））を用いて、ＪＩＳ Ａ １４３９：２００４「建築用シーリング材の試験方法」の「５．１７．２ 試験体の作製」に準拠して試験体を作製した。作製した試験体を温度５０℃、相対湿度８０％雰囲気中で７日間養生した後、２３℃、相対湿度５０％雰囲気中に１日間置いた後、シーリング材の長辺に沿ってプライマー皮膜に切れ目を入れたものを試験に供した（初期）。温水浸漬処理を行う場合は、プライマー皮膜に切れ目を入れた後に、５０℃の温水中に７日間浸漬後、取り出して、２３℃、相対湿度５０％雰囲気中に１日間置いた後試験に供した（温水浸漬後）。
<Method for creating specimen>
The above-mentioned test body was produced as follows. A 2 mm-thick baked painted aluminum plate was cut into 50 mm square pieces, the surface was buffed as necessary, and the surface was washed and dried to obtain an adherend. After applying various primers to the adherend and curing for 1 hour in an atmosphere at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%, using a sealing material (ALC Coke Type II (trade name) manufactured by Auto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) A test specimen was prepared according to “5.17.2 Preparation of Test Specimen” in JIS A 1439: 2004 “Testing Method of Sealant for Building”. The prepared specimen was cured in an atmosphere of 50 ° C. and 80% relative humidity for 7 days, then placed in an atmosphere of 23 ° C. and 50% relative humidity for 1 day, and then cut into the primer film along the long side of the sealing material. The one containing was used for the test (initial stage). When performing the warm water immersion treatment, after cutting the primer film, it was immersed in warm water at 50 ° C. for 7 days, then taken out, placed in an atmosphere at 23 ° C. and 50% relative humidity for 1 day, and then subjected to the test. (After soaking in warm water).
＜接着性試験＞
ＪＩＳ Ａ １４３９：２００４「建築用シーリング材の試験方法」の「５．２０引張接着性試験」に準拠して行った。
破壊状況から接着面積に対する破断の位置が「プライマー皮膜と被着体の界面（ＰＦ）」の占める面積の割合を「界面剥離率」として示した。
「合否」は温水浸漬後の最大引張応力（Ｔｍａｘ）が５１［Ｎ／ｃｍ２］以上のものを○、３１〜５０［Ｎ／ｃｍ２］のものを△、３０［Ｎ／ｃｍ２］以下のものを×と評価した。
<Adhesion test>
The test was conducted in accordance with “5.20 Tensile Adhesion Test” in JIS A 1439: 2004 “Testing Method of Sealant for Building”.
The ratio of the area occupied by the “interface between the primer film and the adherend (PF)” relative to the adhesion area from the fracture condition is shown as “interfacial peeling rate”.
“Pass / fail” indicates that the maximum tensile stress (T max ) after immersion in warm water is 51 [N / cm 2 ] or more, Δ is 31 to 50 [N / cm 2 ], and 30 [N / cm 2 ]. The following were evaluated as x.
（実施例１〜４）
表１に示す被着体の処理条件と、プライマーの組み合わせにより、接着性試験を行った結果を、表２に示す。
（比較例１〜４）
「試験体の作成方法」において、プライマー皮膜に切れ目を入れない以外は、実施例１〜４と同様にして表１に示す被着体の処理条件と、プライマーの組み合わせにより、接着性試験を行った結果を、表２に示す。
実施例及び比較例に用いたアルミ板に施したものと同じ焼付け塗装を行った実際のアルミ製建築部材において、プライマーＡを用いた時には一部でプライマー層と建築部材との界面で剥離がみられたが、プライマーＢを用いた時にはプライマー層と建築部材との界面で剥離はみられなかった。
(Examples 1-4)
Table 2 shows the results of the adhesion test performed according to the treatment conditions of the adherend shown in Table 1 and the combinations of primers.
(Comparative Examples 1-4)
In “Method for creating test specimen”, an adhesion test was conducted in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4, except that the primer film was not cut, using the treatment conditions for the adherend shown in Table 1 and the combination of primers. The results are shown in Table 2.
In an actual aluminum building member that has been subjected to the same baking coating as that applied to the aluminum plate used in the examples and comparative examples, when the primer A is used, some peeling occurs at the interface between the primer layer and the building member. However, when Primer B was used, no peeling was observed at the interface between the primer layer and the building member.
表２から明らかなように、従来のＨ型試験体を用いた試験では、何れの被着体の処理条件と、プライマーの組み合わせにおいても、良好な接着性を示しており、プライマーＡも被着体に対して良好な接着性を示すと誤って判断されてしまうが、実際の建築物での使用状況を再現した実施例においては、プライマーＡは低い接着性を示している。 As is apparent from Table 2, in the test using the conventional H-type test specimen, both the treatment conditions of the adherend and the primer combination showed good adhesion, and primer A was also deposited. Although it may be erroneously determined to show good adhesion to the body, primer A shows low adhesion in an example that reproduces the actual use in a building.
以上のように、本発明の接着性試験方法によって実際の建築物等に使用した条件に近い条件で評価を行うことができ、従来の試験法では判明しなかった接着性の違いを検出することができる。 As described above, the adhesiveness test method of the present invention can be evaluated under conditions close to those used for actual buildings and the like, and a difference in adhesiveness not found by the conventional test method can be detected. Can do.
１ 基板
２ 被試験材
３ プライマー
４ 切れ目
1
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104122203A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-29 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | Testing method of tensile adhesive strength of flexible polyurethane foam material for polyurethane solidification track bed |
| JP2015094653A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-18 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Pallet for mounting test piece of sealant |
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| JPH11323244A (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 1999-11-26 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Primer composition and formation of coating film |
| JP2009517629A (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2009-04-30 | エアバス・フランス | A method of attaching the test cylinder and the test piece with the test cylinder and adhesive of the tensile tester used to measure the adhesion of the coating film on the surface of the test piece |
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| JPS6381244U (en) * | 1986-11-18 | 1988-05-28 | ||
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| JP2015094653A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-18 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Pallet for mounting test piece of sealant |
| CN104122203A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-29 | 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 | Testing method of tensile adhesive strength of flexible polyurethane foam material for polyurethane solidification track bed |
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