JP2011183452A - Cutting method and cutting apparatus for steel sheet or the like - Google Patents

Cutting method and cutting apparatus for steel sheet or the like Download PDF

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JP2011183452A
JP2011183452A JP2010076156A JP2010076156A JP2011183452A JP 2011183452 A JP2011183452 A JP 2011183452A JP 2010076156 A JP2010076156 A JP 2010076156A JP 2010076156 A JP2010076156 A JP 2010076156A JP 2011183452 A JP2011183452 A JP 2011183452A
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cutting
cut
magnet
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constrained
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克己 ▲高▼田
Katsumi Takada
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Tokai Steel Industries Co Ltd
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Tokai Steel Industries Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problem: in cutting a steel sheet or the like, a material to be cut moves by thermal strain and residual stress or the like generated upon the cutting, and a case where dimension and shape of the cut steel is different from instruction occurs. <P>SOLUTION: There is disclosed a cutting method in which the material to be cut is constrained from above in accordance with the cutting progress of the material to be cut, thereby the movement of the material to be cut is suppressed. There is disclosed a cutting apparatus which constrains the material to be cut from above in accordance with the cutting progress of the material to be cut, thereby suppressing the movement of the material to be cut. There is also disclosed a cutting method in which in the above cutting, the material to be cut is constrained using a magnet or a suction cup. There is also disclosed cutting apparatus which in the above cutting, the material to be cut is constrained using a magnet or a suction cup. There is also disclosed a cutting method in which in the above cutting, pressure is applied from above to the material to be cut using a movable pressing fixture, thereby the material to be cut is constrained. There is also disclosed cutting apparatus which in the above cutting, pressure is applied from above to the material to be cut using a movable pressing fixture, thus constraining the material to be cut. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、鋼板等を熱切断する方法およびその際に使用する切断装置に関する。The present invention relates to a method of thermally cutting a steel plate or the like and a cutting device used at that time.

鋼板等を熱切断する際には、被切断材を切断定盤に載置し、数値制御されたガス切断機、プラズマ切断機、レーザー切断機等を使用して切断加工されるのが一般的である。When cutting steel sheets, etc., it is common to place the material to be cut on a cutting platen and cut it using a numerically controlled gas cutting machine, plasma cutting machine, laser cutting machine, etc. It is.

数値制御するための指示情報は、計算機上で設計されかつ図面作成された形状数値情報として各種切断加工機械に入力される。これにより複雑な曲線形状を含む外形形状や穴あけ加工、中抜き加工を有する部材でも容易に切断加工することが可能である。Instruction information for numerical control is input to various cutting machines as shape numerical information designed on a computer and created as a drawing. Accordingly, it is possible to easily cut a member having an outer shape including a complicated curved shape, a hole punching process, and a hollow process.

これを更に効率的に進める方法の一例として特開平5−123863がある。An example of a method for further promoting this is Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-123863.

ガス切断機、プラズマ切断機、レーザー切断機等を使用して鋼板等を切断加工する場合、被切断材をクランプや溶接等の手段で積載する切断定盤等に拘束しても、切断加工時の熱ひずみや被切断材が有する内部の残留応力等により被切断材そのものが切断加工の進捗に伴い微量ずつ移動し、切断加工後の寸法形状が指示された情報数値と異なる場合がまれに発生する。特開平5−123863は切断加工の指示情報を効率的に与える方法の一例であるが、幾ら指示情報を精度良く効率的に与えても、被切断材の移動等に伴う寸法形状のズレ、ゆがみは防止し得ない。一方で切断加工時に被切断材の移動を検出し補正をする方法も考えられるが、装置が大がかりになり実用的ではないという問題があった。When cutting steel sheets using a gas cutting machine, plasma cutting machine, laser cutting machine, etc., even if the material to be cut is constrained to a cutting platen that is loaded by means of clamping or welding, etc. In rare cases, the to-be-cut material itself moves by a small amount as the cutting process progresses due to the thermal strain of the to-be-cut material or the internal residual stress of the to-be-cut material, and the dimensional shape after the cutting process differs from the indicated information value. To do. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-123863 is an example of a method for efficiently giving instruction information for cutting processing. However, even if the instruction information is given with high accuracy and efficiency, the displacement and distortion of the dimension and shape accompanying the movement of the material to be cut, etc. Cannot be prevented. On the other hand, a method of detecting and correcting the movement of the material to be cut during the cutting process is also conceivable, but there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large and is not practical.

また、熱ひずみや被切断材が有する残留応力等の影響を回避でき、精度良く切断加工が出来た場合でも、切断加工されつつある製品は切断加工の進行とともに被切断母材から次第に拘束されなくなるために、載置された切断定盤からの拘束のみとなるために、その大きさや有する重心の位置によっては、切り離される時点でバランスを失い傾くなどして、当該切断切り離し部分にノッチ疵が生じたり、製品が切断設備に接触して切断用トーチを破損するなどの不具合を発生させることがしばしば生じていた。In addition, the effects of thermal strain and residual stress of the material to be cut can be avoided, and even if the cutting process can be performed with high precision, the product being cut is not gradually restrained from the cut base material as the cutting process proceeds. Therefore, since only the restraint from the mounted cutting platen is used, depending on the size and the position of the center of gravity, the notch wrinkle is generated at the cutting and cutting part by losing balance at the time of cutting and tilting. In many cases, the product contacts the cutting equipment and breaks the cutting torch.

本発明は上記問題点を解決する効果的な切断方法およびその際に使用する装置を提供するもので、切断加工そのものの精度、切断面品質を高く維持することが可能となり、後の複雑な全数検査や抜き取り検査の負荷を軽減することができ、生産能率を大幅に向上できるとともに、不合格品の次工程への流失や客先での品質事故が防止できる。The present invention provides an effective cutting method for solving the above-described problems and an apparatus used at that time, and it is possible to maintain the accuracy of the cutting process itself and the quality of the cut surface. The load of inspection and sampling inspection can be reduced, the production efficiency can be greatly improved, and loss of rejected products to the next process and quality accidents at customers can be prevented.

本発明者は、上記問題点を解決するため、
被切断材の切断進行に伴い、上部から被切断材を拘束することにより被切断材の移動を抑制することを特徴とする切断加工方法、
被切断材の切断進行に伴い、上部から被切断材を拘束することにより被切断材の移動を抑制することを特徴とする切断加工装置、
前述の切断加工において、マグネットまたは吸盤を用い被切断材を拘束することを特徴とする切断加工方法、
前述の切断加工において、マグネットまたは吸盤を用い被切断材を拘束することを特徴とする切断加工装置、
前述の切断加工において、移動可能な押さえジグを用い上部から圧力を付与することにより被切断材を拘束することを特徴とする切断加工方法、
前述の切断加工において、移動可能な押さえジグを用い上部から圧力を付与することにより被切断材を拘束することを特徴とする切断加工装置、
を 提供することを手段とする。
In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor
A cutting method characterized by suppressing the movement of the material to be cut by restraining the material to be cut from above as the cutting of the material to be cut progresses,
A cutting device characterized by suppressing the movement of the material to be cut by restraining the material to be cut from the upper part as the cutting of the material to be cut progresses,
In the cutting process described above, a cutting method characterized by restraining the material to be cut using a magnet or a suction cup,
In the cutting process described above, a cutting apparatus characterized by restraining the material to be cut using a magnet or a suction cup,
In the cutting process described above, a cutting method characterized in that the material to be cut is restrained by applying pressure from above using a movable holding jig,
In the aforementioned cutting process, a cutting apparatus characterized by restraining the material to be cut by applying pressure from above using a movable holding jig,
It is a means to provide.

本発明により、不良品の発生を抑制することが出来るとともに、負荷の高い手作業による計測作業、すなわち全数検査や抜き取り検査を実施して詳細形状を測定し品質を保証するなどの負荷の高い作業の負荷を低減することが出来、また切断不良部位を手直しする等の補修作業を大幅に低減することが可能となって、生産能率が大幅に向上し、不良品に伴う品質事故の発生が防止できる。According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of defective products, and at the same time, high-load measurement work, that is, high-load work such as performing a complete inspection or sampling inspection to measure the detailed shape and guarantee the quality It is possible to reduce the load of repairs, and to significantly reduce repair work such as repairing defective cutting parts, greatly improving production efficiency and preventing quality accidents associated with defective products. it can.

図1に、多本トーチを有するNCガス切断装置にマグネットローラーを配設し被切断材を上部から拘束しつつ切断することを可能にした切断機を示す。マグネットローラーはガス切断トーチを保持するガントリー型の走行架台に取り付けられ、マグネットの磁力により被切断母材と切り離されつつある被切断製品を拘束する。またマグネットの磁力に加え、マグネットローラーの自重も加わり拘束はより確実なものとなる。拘束力が不足する場合は必要に応じ、油圧・圧空シリンダーにより加圧することも可能である。弱い拘束力で十分な場合は、磁力を持たないローラーで押さえるだけでも有効である。FIG. 1 shows a cutting machine in which a magnet roller is provided in an NC gas cutting device having a multi-torch to cut a material to be cut while being restrained from above. The magnet roller is attached to a gantry-type traveling frame that holds the gas cutting torch, and restrains the product to be cut that is being separated from the base material by the magnetic force of the magnet. In addition to the magnetic force of the magnet, the weight of the magnet roller is also added, so that the restraint is more reliable. If the restraining force is insufficient, it can be pressurized by a hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder as necessary. If a weak restraining force is sufficient, it is effective to just hold it with a roller that does not have a magnetic force.

マグネットローラーは本事例のように単体単数でも良いが、被切断製品の形状や大きさに合わせ、複数本数配設することも有用である。また、被切断母材の大きさや切断機の幅方向長さに応じ、たわみが生じにくいよう分割して配置することも考えられる。A single magnet roller may be used as in this example, but it is also useful to arrange a plurality of magnet rollers according to the shape and size of the product to be cut. It is also conceivable to divide and arrange so that bending is unlikely to occur according to the size of the base material to be cut and the length in the width direction of the cutting machine.

本事例のように走行架台にマグネットローラーを配設すると、切断トーチと被切断材拘束位置の間隔を常に一定に保つことが出来、またトーチの移動に円滑に追従するため、切断時の衝撃振動等の外乱を及ぼしにくく、安定した切断が可能である。また、トーチと接触部分の間隔を被切断製品の形状に合わせ、最適な距離に都度変えて作業することも可能である。When a magnet roller is installed on the traveling platform as in this example, the distance between the cutting torch and the workpiece restraining position can be kept constant at all times, and the impact vibration during cutting can be smoothly followed to follow the movement of the torch. Therefore, stable cutting is possible. It is also possible to work by changing the distance between the torch and the contact portion to the optimum distance according to the shape of the product to be cut.

マグネットローラーによる拘束が不十分な場合には、前述のようにその数を増やしたり、圧力を変更することが可能であるが、ローラーの円形断面を多角形にするなどして接触面積を増やすことも有用である。この際には接触面を有する拘束装置と切断トーチの動きをそれぞれに制御する必要があり、磁力の入り切りを行いつつ複数拘束面の切り替えを行うウォーキングバーのごとき機構が必要になる。If the restriction by the magnet roller is insufficient, it is possible to increase the number or change the pressure as described above, but increase the contact area by making the circular cross section of the roller polygonal, etc. Is also useful. At this time, it is necessary to control the movements of the restraining device having the contact surface and the cutting torch, respectively, and a mechanism such as a walking bar for switching the plurality of restraining surfaces while turning on and off the magnetic force is necessary.

簡易に行うには着脱が容易でバンドリング可能なマグネットを被切断製品の切断進行に応じ、被切断母材と切り離される製品に跨るよう接着させ、必要に応じ着脱して移動させることも有用である。For easy operation, it is also useful to attach a bundling magnet that is easy to attach and detach to the product to be cut off as the product to be cut extends, and to attach and detach it as necessary. is there.

更に簡易な方法としては、切断の進行に応じ、被切断母材と被切断製品の上部に覆いかぶせるように平板を載置し、自重による摩擦力で被切断母材と被切断製品を拘束し、相対的な移動を抑制する方法も有用である。A simpler method is to place a flat plate on top of the material to be cut and the product to be cut as the cutting progresses, and to restrain the material to be cut and the product to be cut by the friction force due to its own weight. A method of suppressing relative movement is also useful.

図1に基づき説明する。本実施例は多本トーチを有するNCガス切断機に本発明法を適用した例である。マグネットローラー1はガントリー形式の切断機走行架台2に付帯して配設した。走行架台は走行レール3を移動するとともに、他本数のガス切断トーチ4を搭載し、これらの切断トーチはNC制御により走行方向および横行方向に自由に移動可能で、指示に従い任意の図形に合致した切断線を描くことができる。本実施例には3本の切断トーチにより被切断母材5より矩形形状の製品6を切断し、切り抜く作業の進行過程を示す。マグネットローラーはその軸方向両端にてヒンジ7にて走行架台に接続され、切断トーチの走行方向の移動に追従する。また、ヒンジ7には油圧・圧空シリンダーを付帯することができ被切断母材および製品に一定の圧力を加えることも可能である。また、スクリュー機構によりトーチ切断位置とマグネットローラー押え位置の間隔を製品の形状などに合わせ最適な位置に調整することが可能である。This will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the method of the present invention is applied to an NC gas cutting machine having a multiple torch. The magnet roller 1 was attached to the gantry-type cutting machine travel stand 2. The traveling platform moves along the traveling rail 3 and is equipped with other numbers of gas cutting torches 4. These cutting torches can be freely moved in the traveling direction and the traversing direction by NC control and match any figure according to the instructions. A cutting line can be drawn. In the present embodiment, a progressing process of cutting a rectangular product 6 from the base material 5 to be cut by three cutting torches is shown. The magnet roller is connected to the traveling frame by hinges 7 at both ends in the axial direction, and follows the movement of the cutting torch in the traveling direction. In addition, a hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder can be attached to the hinge 7 so that a constant pressure can be applied to the base material and product to be cut. In addition, the screw mechanism can adjust the interval between the torch cutting position and the magnet roller pressing position to an optimum position according to the shape of the product.

本実施例では切断開始点8a、8b、8cより時計回りに切断を実施し、9a、9b、9cに進行するまではマグネットローラーを被切断母材より上方に保持し待機させ、それ以降の切断に際し振動を与えないようゆるやかに下降、接地させた後に切断トーチの移動に同期して、被切断製品と被切断母材の相対的な移動を抑制する事例である。多くの場合、単数のマグネットローラーで効果を得ることができるが、被切断製品の形状が切断機走行方向に長い場合などには複数のローラーを使用することも効果を高める。In this embodiment, cutting is performed clockwise from the cutting start points 8a, 8b, 8c, and the magnet roller is held above the base material to be cut until it advances to 9a, 9b, 9c, and the subsequent cutting is performed. In this case, the relative movement between the product to be cut and the base material to be cut is suppressed in synchronization with the movement of the cutting torch after being gently lowered and grounded so as not to give vibration. In many cases, the effect can be obtained with a single magnet roller. However, when the shape of the product to be cut is long in the traveling direction of the cutting machine, it is also effective to use a plurality of rollers.

また、図2には着脱可能なマグネット板を用い、本発明法を実施した例を示す。内蔵される磁石の向きをレバーにより変えることによりマグネット板16は容易に着脱でき、また容易に移動させることが可能である。2本のトーチ11を有するNCガス切断機で矩形形状の製品を切断する作業を示している。本事例でも切断トーチは切断機走行架台に搭載され、走行・横行をNC制御されて図形を描くように移動する。FIG. 2 shows an example in which the method of the present invention is implemented using a detachable magnet plate. By changing the direction of the built-in magnet with a lever, the magnet plate 16 can be easily attached and detached and can be easily moved. An operation of cutting a rectangular product with an NC gas cutting machine having two torches 11 is shown. In this case as well, the cutting torch is mounted on the cutting machine traveling platform, and the traveling and traversing are controlled by NC to move so as to draw a figure.

本事例では14a、14bより切断を開始し、時計回りに切断が進行するが、15a、15bを通過したのちさらに切断が進行し、マグネット板を載置可能な位置まで切断トーチが移動した際にマグネット板16を静かに載置し磁力を働かせ、被切断母材12と製品13の相対的な移動を抑制する事例である。なお、マグネット板の代わりに縞鋼板など自重を有する鋼板等を用いても一定の効果を享受することが可能である。In this case, the cutting starts from 14a and 14b, and the cutting proceeds clockwise. After passing through 15a and 15b, the cutting further proceeds and the cutting torch moves to a position where the magnet plate can be placed. This is an example in which the magnet plate 16 is quietly placed and the magnetic force is applied to suppress the relative movement of the workpiece 12 and the product 13. In addition, it is possible to enjoy a certain effect even if a steel plate having its own weight such as a striped steel plate is used instead of the magnet plate.

本発明を実施するための最良の形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the best form for implementing this invention. 最良の形態を示す図1の実施例の設備を、背後から見た状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state which looked at the installation of the Example of FIG. 1 which shows the best form from back. 本発明を実施する一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example which implements this invention.

1 マグネットローラー
2 切断機走行架台
3 切断機走行レール
4 ガス切断トーチ
5 被切断母材
6 被切断製品
7 マグネットローラー支持ヒンジ
8 切断開始点
9 切断通過点
10 切断定盤
11 ガス切断トーチ
12 被切断母材
13 被切断製品
14 切断開始点
15 切断通過点
16 マグネット板
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Magnet roller 2 Cutting machine traveling stand 3 Cutting machine traveling rail 4 Gas cutting torch 5 Material to be cut 6 Product to be cut 7 Magnet roller support hinge 8 Cutting start point 9 Cutting passing point 10 Cutting surface plate 11 Gas cutting torch 12 Cut Base material 13 Product to be cut 14 Cutting start point 15 Cutting passing point 16 Magnet plate

Claims (6)

被切断材の切断進行に伴い、上部から被切断材を拘束することにより被切断材の移動を抑制することを特徴とする切断加工方法。A cutting method characterized by suppressing movement of a material to be cut by restraining the material to be cut from above as the cutting of the material to be cut proceeds. 被切断材の切断進行に伴い、上部から被切断材を拘束することにより被切断材の移動を抑制することを特徴とする切断加工装置。A cutting apparatus characterized by restraining movement of a material to be cut by restraining the material to be cut from above as the cutting of the material to be cut progresses. 請求項1の切断加工において、マグネットまたは吸盤を用い被切断材を拘束することを特徴とする切断加工方法。2. The cutting method according to claim 1, wherein the material to be cut is constrained using a magnet or a suction cup. 請求項2の切断加工において、マグネットまたは吸盤を用い被切断材を拘束することを特徴とする切断加工装置。3. The cutting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the material to be cut is restrained using a magnet or a suction cup. 請求項1の切断加工において、移動可能な押さえジグを用い上部から圧力を付与することにより被切断材を拘束することを特徴とする切断加工方法。2. The cutting method according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece is constrained by applying pressure from above using a movable holding jig. 請求項2の切断加工において、移動可能な押さえジグを用い上部から圧力を付与することにより被切断材を拘束することを特徴とする切断加工装置。3. The cutting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the material to be cut is restrained by applying pressure from above using a movable holding jig.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102861966A (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-01-09 湖北弘毅建筑装饰工程有限公司 Two-dimensional adjustable flame cutting device for cutting online steel plate
JP2013086144A (en) * 2011-10-19 2013-05-13 Honda Motor Co Ltd Laser beam machining apparatus
CN105855683A (en) * 2016-06-26 2016-08-17 南通星源仪器设备制造有限公司 Automatic flattening and spot welding jig
CN107570890A (en) * 2017-10-11 2018-01-12 安徽百超激光科技有限公司 A kind of laser automatic assembly line
CN110508943A (en) * 2019-09-07 2019-11-29 济南镭曼数控设备有限公司 A kind of laser cutting machine improving working efficiency
CN110802335A (en) * 2020-01-08 2020-02-18 佛山市宏石激光技术有限公司 Laser cutting method
CN111299863A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-06-19 济南振宏机械有限公司 Novel laser cutting machine for machining and method
CN113878211A (en) * 2021-11-02 2022-01-04 潘景玮 Steel plate cutting device
CN114453784A (en) * 2021-09-07 2022-05-10 北京工业大学 Industrial automatic welding machine and welding method thereof

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013086144A (en) * 2011-10-19 2013-05-13 Honda Motor Co Ltd Laser beam machining apparatus
CN102861966A (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-01-09 湖北弘毅建筑装饰工程有限公司 Two-dimensional adjustable flame cutting device for cutting online steel plate
CN105855683A (en) * 2016-06-26 2016-08-17 南通星源仪器设备制造有限公司 Automatic flattening and spot welding jig
CN107570890A (en) * 2017-10-11 2018-01-12 安徽百超激光科技有限公司 A kind of laser automatic assembly line
CN110508943A (en) * 2019-09-07 2019-11-29 济南镭曼数控设备有限公司 A kind of laser cutting machine improving working efficiency
CN110508943B (en) * 2019-09-07 2021-11-02 济南镭曼数控设备有限公司 Laser cutting machine capable of improving working efficiency
CN110802335B (en) * 2020-01-08 2020-04-14 佛山市宏石激光技术有限公司 Laser cutting method
CN110802335A (en) * 2020-01-08 2020-02-18 佛山市宏石激光技术有限公司 Laser cutting method
CN111299863A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-06-19 济南振宏机械有限公司 Novel laser cutting machine for machining and method
CN114453784A (en) * 2021-09-07 2022-05-10 北京工业大学 Industrial automatic welding machine and welding method thereof
CN114453784B (en) * 2021-09-07 2023-09-05 北京工业大学 Industrial automatic welding machine and welding method thereof
CN113878211A (en) * 2021-11-02 2022-01-04 潘景玮 Steel plate cutting device
CN113878211B (en) * 2021-11-02 2022-12-23 潘景玮 Steel plate cutting device

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