JP2011178759A5 - - Google Patents

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JP2011178759A5
JP2011178759A5 JP2010047218A JP2010047218A JP2011178759A5 JP 2011178759 A5 JP2011178759 A5 JP 2011178759A5 JP 2010047218 A JP2010047218 A JP 2010047218A JP 2010047218 A JP2010047218 A JP 2010047218A JP 2011178759 A5 JP2011178759 A5 JP 2011178759A5
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本出願人は、細胞又は細胞小器官内等のプロトン濃度を調節する働きを担うプロトンポンプ阻害剤が、メラノサイト内の酸性化作用(プロトンポンプ阻害作用)を介するチロシナーゼ活性の低下によるメラニン産生抑制効果を発揮することにより、美白効果をはじめとする皮膚色素異常関連疾患に有用であることを見出している。プロトンポンプ阻害剤は、細胞内における環境的な要因、即ち、細胞内酸性化作用によりチロシナーゼ活性を抑制することによりメラニン産生を抑制し美白効果を発揮する点において、従前のメラニン産生抑制剤に属するチロシナーゼの酵素活性を低下させるチロシナーゼ直接阻害剤、チロシナーゼファミリータンパク質を減少させるチロシナーゼファミリータンパク減少剤等とは全く異なる作用機序を有する美白剤であると言える。言い換えれば、従前のメラニン産生抑制剤とプロトンポンプ阻害剤は、メラニン産生抑制作用を有する物質としては共通するが、その作用機作により明確に区別されるものである。加えて、従前のメラニン産生抑制剤とは異なった作用機序によりメラニン産生抑制作用を発揮するので、プロトンポンプ阻害作用を有するメラニン産生抑制剤と、従前のメラニン産生抑制剤との併用は、少なくとも相加的効果を奏する。この様な背景からも、プロトンポンプ阻害剤は、高い効果が期待出来る新たな作用機作を有するメラニン産生抑制剤である。 The applicant of the present application is that a proton pump inhibitor responsible for regulating proton concentration in cells or organelles has a melanin production inhibitory effect due to a decrease in tyrosinase activity via an acidification action (proton pump inhibition action) in melanocytes. Has been found to be useful for skin pigment abnormality-related diseases such as whitening effect. Proton pump inhibitors belong to conventional melanin production inhibitors in that they suppress the melanin production and exert the whitening effect by suppressing tyrosinase activity by intracellular acidification, ie, intracellular acidification. It can be said that it is a whitening agent having a completely different mechanism of action from a tyrosinase direct inhibitor that reduces the enzyme activity of tyrosinase, a tyrosinase family protein reducing agent that reduces tyrosinase family proteins, and the like. In other words, the conventional melanin production inhibitor and the proton pump inhibitor are common as substances having a melanin production inhibitory action, but are clearly distinguished by their action mechanism. In addition, since the melanin production inhibitory action is exhibited by a mechanism of action different from that of the conventional melanin production inhibitor, the combined use of the melanin production inhibitor having a proton pump inhibitory action and the conventional melanin production inhibitor is at least Has an additive effect. Against this background, the proton pump inhibitor is a melanin production inhibitor having a new mechanism of action that can be expected to be highly effective.

一方、ショウガ科に属する植物には、ジンゲロール誘導体又はショウガオール誘導体が含有され、該誘導体が、角層修復促進作用(例えば、特許文献3を参照)、皮膚角質層水分量増加作用(例えば、特許文献4を参照)、血行促進作用(例えば、特許文献5を参照)、メラニン産生抑制作用(例えば、特許文献6を参照)を有することが知られている。また、前記誘導体とは別に、化学合成されたショウガオール及びジンゲロールと類似構造を有する化合物が、チロシナーゼ阻害作用(例えば、特許文献7を参照)を有することも既に知られている。しかしながら、ショウガオール誘導体が、プロトンポンプ阻害作用を有することは知られていない。さらに、ショウガオール誘導体のプロトンポンプ阻害作用に関する構造活性相関は全く明らかにされておらず、プロトンポンプ阻害作用の発現が、ショウガオール誘導体の化学構造に制約を受けることも知られていなかった。加えて、前記のプロトンポンプ阻害作用を有するショウガオール誘導体を含有する皮膚外用剤が、プロトンポンプ阻害作用を介し、美白をはじめとする色素異常疾患の予防又は治療に有効であることも全く知られていなかった。 On the other hand, plants belonging to the family Ginger include a gingerol derivative or a gingerol derivative, and the derivative promotes horny layer repair promoting action (see, for example, Patent Document 3), skin horny layer moisture content increasing action (eg, patent) It is known to have a blood circulation promoting action (see, for example, Patent Document 5) and a melanin production inhibitory action (see, for example, Patent Document 6). In addition to the derivatives, it is already known that a compound having a similar structure to chemically synthesized gingerol and gingerol has a tyrosinase inhibitory action (see, for example, Patent Document 7). However, it is not known that gingerol derivatives have a proton pump inhibitory action. Furthermore, the structure-activity relationship regarding the proton pump inhibitory action of the shogaol derivative has not been clarified at all, and it has not been known that the expression of the proton pump inhibitory action is restricted by the chemical structure of the shogaol derivative. In addition, it is also completely known that the above-mentioned external preparation for skin containing a gingerol derivative having a proton pump inhibitory action is effective for the prevention or treatment of pigmented diseases such as whitening through the proton pump inhibitory action. It wasn't.

実施例1で単離した本発明のプロトンポンプ阻害剤(化合物1〜)及び化合物5のメラノサイト内酸性化作用(プロトンポンプ阻害作用)を示す図である。 1 is a diagram showing the melanocyte acidification action (proton pump inhibition action) of the proton pump inhibitor (compounds 1 to 4 ) and the compound 5 of the present invention isolated in Example 1. FIG. 本発明のショウガ科ショウガ属ショウガより得られる植物抽出物のメラノサイト内酸性化作用(プロトンポンプ阻害作用)を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the acidification effect | action (proton pump inhibitory action) in the melanocyte of the plant extract obtained from the ginger department ginger genus of this invention.

<製造例1: 本発明のショウガ科ショウガ属ショウガより得られる植物抽出物、及び、前記一般式(1)に表される化合物(化合物1〜4)の単離精製方法>
本発明のショウガ科ショウガ属ショウガ(ショウキョウ)より得られる植物抽出物の製造方法を示す。本抽出物は、ショウガZingiber officinale Roscoe( Zingiberaceae ) の根茎をエタノールに浸漬し製造した。具体的には、ショウガ科ショウガ属ショウガ(ショウキョウ)を粗末にしたもの200gに、薄めたエタノール(37〜50%)約600mLを加え、時々かき混ぜながら可溶性成分が充分に溶けるまで放置し、布ごしし、残留物を薄めたエタノール(37〜50%)少量で洗い、圧搾し、浸出液及び洗液をあわせ、2日間放置し、濾過し、さらに薄めたエタノール(37〜50%)を加え、本発明のショウガ科ショウガ属ショウガより得られる植物抽出物全量1000mLを製造した。本発明のショウガ科ショウガ属ショウガより得られる植物抽出物は、上記の製造例に記載の方法に準じ製造することも出来るし、丸善株式会社、一丸ファルコス株式会社などにより市販されている抽出物を購入し、使用することも出来る。
前記一般式(1)に表される化合物の内の化合物1〜4と化合物5の単離精製を行った。市販のショウキョウ(乾燥品、刻み、ウチダ和漢薬)1.8kgを9リットルのメタノール中で2時間加熱還流抽出を2回行い、ろ過後2回分の濾液をあわせたものを減圧下濃縮、乾燥し、ショウキョウメタノールエキス159gを得た。ショウキョウメタノールエキス159gを10%の水を含んだメタノール溶液に溶解させ、n−ヘキサンで液液分配抽出を行い、得られたn−ヘキサン画分を減圧下濃縮・乾燥し、n−ヘキサンエキス61.8gを得た。n−ヘキサンエキス61.8gをシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(Fuji Silysia PSQ100B、600g)に付し、n−ヘキサンと酢酸エチルの混合溶液の比率を変えながら溶出させ、28のフラクションに分画した。このうち20番目のフラクション4gをさらにTSK-gel ODS-80Ts(東ソー株式会社)カラムを装着した分取HPLCにて分画、精製を行い、化合物1〜4を得た。各化合物はNMRスペクトルデータ解析を行い、それぞれ4−ショウガオール(4−shogaol、化合物1)、6−ショウガオール(6−shogaol、化合物2)、8−ショウガオール(8−shogaol、化合物3)、10−ショウガオール(10−shogaol、化合物4)、メチル−6−ショウガオール(化合物5)と同定した。
<Manufacture example 1: The plant extract obtained from the ginger department ginger genus ginger of this invention, and the isolation and purification method of the compound (compounds 1-4) represented by the said General formula (1)>
The manufacturing method of the plant extract obtained from the ginger department ginger genus ginger (ginger) of this invention is shown. This extract was produced by immersing the rhizome of ginger Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) in ethanol. Specifically, 200g those Zingiberaceae ginger genus ginger (ginger root) and the end of the coarse powder, diluted ethanol (37-50%) to about 600mL was added, the soluble component was allowed to dissolve sufficiently stirring occasionally Wash the cloth, wash the residue with a small amount of diluted ethanol (37-50%), squeeze, combine the leachate and washings, leave for 2 days, filter, and further dilute ethanol (37-50%) In addition, a total of 1000 mL of plant extract obtained from the ginger genus Ginger of the present invention was produced. The plant extract obtained from the ginger ginger genus ginger of the present invention can be produced in accordance with the method described in the above production example, and an extract marketed by Maruzen Co., Ltd., Ichimaru Falcos Co., Ltd., etc. It can be purchased and used.
The isolation and purification of the compounds 1-4 and compound 5 Of the compounds represented by the general formula (1) was carried out. 1.8 kg of commercially available shokyo (dried product, chopped, Uchida Japanese medicine) was heated and refluxed twice in 9 liters of methanol for 2 hours, and after filtration, the combined filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried. As a result, 159 g of Tokyo methanol extract was obtained. 159 g of Tokyo methanol extract was dissolved in a methanol solution containing 10% water, liquid-liquid partition extraction was performed with n-hexane, and the resulting n-hexane fraction was concentrated and dried under reduced pressure to obtain n-hexane extract. 61.8 g was obtained. 61.8 g of n-hexane extract was subjected to silica gel column chromatography (Fuji Silysia PSQ100B, 600 g), eluted while changing the ratio of the mixed solution of n-hexane and ethyl acetate, and fractionated into 28 fractions. Of these, 4 g of the 20th fraction was further fractionated and purified by preparative HPLC equipped with a TSK-gel ODS-80Ts (Tosoh Corporation) column to obtain compounds 1 to 4. Each compound was subjected to NMR spectral data analysis, and 4-shogaol (4-shogaol, compound 1), 6-shogaol (6-shogaol, compound 2), 8-shogaol (8-shogaol, compound 3), respectively. They were identified as 10-shogaol (10-shogaol, compound 4) and methyl-6-shogaol (compound 5).

<試験例2: 本発明のプロトンポンプ阻害剤である化合物1〜、植物抽出物のメラニン産生抑制作用の検討>
前記化合物1〜5及び本発明のショウガ科ショウガ属ショウガより得られる植物抽出物に関し、以下に記載の方法に従い、メラニン産生抑制作用を評価した。同時に、陽性対象としてハイドロキノンを用い、メラニン産生抑制作用を評価した。24穴プレートにヒト正常メラノサイト(クラボウ株式会社)を22500(cells/cm)播種する。翌日、評価物質を含有する培地 0.5(mL/well)に交換し、0.25(μCi)2−[2−14C]チオウラシル(GEヘルスケアバイオサイエンス社)を添加し培養を継続した。播種4日後、培地を除去しPBSで1回プレートを洗浄した後、細胞生存率を評価するため生細胞数測定試薬SF(ナカライテスク社)溶液を添加した培地に交換し、37℃、3時間呈色反応を行った。反応後、450(nm)の吸光度をマイクロプレートリーダーBenchmark Plus(Bio-Rad Laboratories)を用い測定した。コントロールとして評価物質を含まないサンプルを前記同様に調製し、コントロールに対する評価物質を含むサンプルの吸光度の百分率を求め細胞生存率とした。
メラニン量測定のため吸光度測定後、PBSで1回プレートを洗浄し、TCAを添加し、細胞を溶解した後、蒸留水 を加え溶液をバイアルに移した。氷上に放置後、15000rpm、5分間遠心した後、上清を除去した。再度、各バイアルに10%TCA500(μL)を添加し、氷上15分間放置した。15000rpm、5分間遠心した後、上清を除去した。残渣にアクアゾール−2(パーキンエルマー社)1(mL)を添加し、液体シンチレーションカウンター LSC−6100(アロカ社製)にて放射線量を測定した。コントロールとして評価物質を含まないサンプルを前記同様に調製し、コントロールに対する評価物質を含むサンプルの放射線量の百分率を求めメラニン量(%)とした。メラニン産生量の50%阻害濃度(IC50値)は、細胞毒性の認められない範囲でSAS software version 9.1.3(SAS Institute Inc.)を用い算出した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
<Test Example 2: Examination of melanin production inhibitory action of compounds 1 to 4 and plant extract which are proton pump inhibitors of the present invention>
Regarding the plant extracts obtained from the compounds 1 to 5 and the ginger family ginger of the present invention, the melanin production inhibitory action was evaluated according to the method described below. At the same time, hydroquinone was used as a positive target, and the melanin production inhibitory action was evaluated. 22500 (cells / cm 2 ) of normal human melanocytes (Kurabo Co., Ltd.) are seeded in a 24-well plate. The next day, the medium was replaced with a medium 0.5 containing evaluated substances (mL / well), was continued by adding cultured 0.25 (μCi) 2- [2- 14 C] thiouracil (GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences) . Four days after seeding, the medium was removed and the plate was washed once with PBS. Then, to evaluate the cell viability, the medium was replaced with a medium supplemented with a viable cell count reagent SF (Nacalai Tesque), and incubated at 37 ° C. for 3 hours. A color reaction was performed. After the reaction, the absorbance at 450 (nm) was measured using a microplate reader Benchmark Plus (Bio-Rad Laboratories). As a control, a sample containing no evaluation substance was prepared in the same manner as described above, and the percentage of absorbance of the sample containing the evaluation substance relative to the control was determined to obtain the cell viability.
After measuring the absorbance to measure the amount of melanin, the plate was washed once with PBS, TCA was added to lyse the cells, distilled water was added, and the solution was transferred to a vial. After leaving it on ice, it was centrifuged at 15000 rpm for 5 minutes, and then the supernatant was removed. Again, 10% TCA500 (μL) was added to each vial and left on ice for 15 minutes. After centrifugation at 15000 rpm for 5 minutes, the supernatant was removed. Aquasol-2 (Perkin Elmer) 1 (mL) was added to the residue, and the radiation dose was measured with a liquid scintillation counter LSC-6100 (Aloka). As a control, a sample containing no evaluation substance was prepared in the same manner as described above, and the percentage of the radiation dose of the sample containing the evaluation substance relative to the control was determined and used as the melanin amount (%). The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 value) of melanin production was calculated using SAS software version 9.1.3 (SAS Institute Inc.) within the range where cytotoxicity was not observed. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

前記化合物1〜及び本発明のショウガ科ショウガ属ショウガより得られる植物抽出物は、細胞毒性を示さない濃度において顕著なメラニン産生抑制作用を示した。このことは、本発明の前記一般式(1)に表される化合物(化合物1〜4)及び本発明のショウガ科ショウガ属ショウガより得られる植物抽出物が示すメラニン産生抑制作用は、前記のメラノソーム内酸性化検出(プロトンポンプ阻害作用)に特異的に作用することによるものであると考えられる。 The plant extracts obtained from the compounds 1 to 4 and the ginger genus ginger of the present invention showed a remarkable melanin production inhibitory action at a concentration not showing cytotoxicity. This is because the melanin production inhibitory action exhibited by the compounds represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention (compounds 1 to 4) and the plant extract obtained from the ginger family ginger of the present invention is the melanosomes described above. This is thought to be due to the specific action on the detection of internal acidification (proton pump inhibitory action).

<製造例2: 本発明のプロトンポンプ阻害剤を含有する皮膚外用剤の製造1>
表3及び表4に示す処方に従って、本発明の皮膚外用剤である、エッセンス化粧料を作製した。即ち、イ、ロ及びハの成分をそれぞれ75℃に加熱し、イにロを徐々に加え乳化し、更に、ハを加え中和、増粘させ、攪拌冷却してエッセンスエマルション(化粧料)を得た。また、表3の処方成分中、「本発明のプロトンポンプ阻害剤」を「アルブチン」に置換した比較例1、「本発明のプロトンポンプ阻害剤」を水に置換した比較例2を作製した。
<Production Example 2: Production 1 of skin external preparation containing the proton pump inhibitor of the present invention>
In accordance with the formulations shown in Tables 3 and 4, essence cosmetics, which are external preparations for skin of the present invention, were prepared. That is, the ingredients of A, B and C are heated to 75 ° C., and B is gradually added to emulsify, and further, neutralized and thickened by adding C, stirred and cooled to obtain an essence emulsion (cosmetic). Obtained. In addition, Comparative Example 1 in which “Arbutin” was substituted for “ Proton pump inhibitor of the present invention ” and Comparative Example 2 in which “ Proton pump inhibitor of the present invention ” was replaced with water was prepared.

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JPH01207256A (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-08-21 Tsumura & Co Novel cis-(6)-shogaol and remedy for hyperkeratosis containing said compound as active ingredient
JP2001342112A (en) * 2000-06-02 2001-12-11 Shiseido Co Ltd Skin care preparation
JP3951798B2 (en) * 2002-05-13 2007-08-01 東亞合成株式会社 Method for producing gingerols and intermediate for synthesis
JP2005281280A (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Daicho Kikaku:Kk Dermatologic preparation
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