JP2011168276A - Collision determining apparatus for vehicle - Google Patents

Collision determining apparatus for vehicle Download PDF

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JP2011168276A
JP2011168276A JP2011103558A JP2011103558A JP2011168276A JP 2011168276 A JP2011168276 A JP 2011168276A JP 2011103558 A JP2011103558 A JP 2011103558A JP 2011103558 A JP2011103558 A JP 2011103558A JP 2011168276 A JP2011168276 A JP 2011168276A
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output
threshold value
comparison
collision
comparison means
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Aki Uso
亜紀 宇草
Toshiyuki Yamashita
利幸 山下
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem wherein a comparatively low acceleration signal can not start a passenger protection means at a proper timing by discriminating between long-lasting soft crash and a low speed front collision. <P>SOLUTION: The collision determining apparatus is equipped with: a first comparison means which compares an output signal of an acceleration sensor to detect an impact at the collision of a vehicle, with a first threshold value; a second comparison means which compares an integrated value of an integration means to integrate the output of the first comparison means in a predetermined zone, with a second threshold value, while the integration is being shifted for each unit time; and a starting means to control a start of the passenger protection means, based on the output signal by the second comparison means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、車両が衝突した際に車両内の乗員を保護するエアバッグ装置やシートベルトプリテンショナ装置などの乗員保護手段の起動を制御する車両用衝突判定装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a vehicle collision determination device that controls activation of occupant protection means such as an airbag device or a seat belt pretensioner device that protects an occupant in a vehicle when the vehicle collides.

図１１は車両１０１に乗員保護装置における衝突判定手段１０２を設置した状態を示す平面図、図１２は衝突判定手段１０２と乗員保護手段１０３の構成を示す概要図である。図１２において、衝突判定手段１０２は、加速度センサ１０２ａ、マイクロコンピュータ１０２ｂ、起動手段１０２ｃを有する。また、乗員保護手段１０３は、一例としてエアバッグシステムの場合を記載しており、起動手段１０２ｃの出力を受けるスクイブ（起爆装置）１０３ａ、スクイブ１０３ａの出力を受けて膨張するエアバッグ１０３ｂとを有する。   FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating a state where the collision determination unit 102 in the occupant protection device is installed in the vehicle 101, and FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the collision determination unit 102 and the occupant protection unit 103. In FIG. 12, the collision determination unit 102 includes an acceleration sensor 102a, a microcomputer 102b, and an activation unit 102c. The occupant protection means 103 is described as an example of an airbag system, and includes a squib (detonation device) 103a that receives the output of the activation means 102c, and an airbag 103b that receives the output of the squib 103a and inflates. .

次に動作について説明する。
加速度センサ１０２ａは衝撃による加速度を検出し、加速度の大きさに応じた電気信号を出力する。出力された電気信号はマイクロコンピュータ１０２ｂ内部に設置されたＡ／Ｄ変換手段によりデジタル信号として演算処理される。また、マイクロコンピュータ１０２ｂでは、入力された電気信号を、内部に設置された積分手段で予め定めた所定区間（一定の時間幅）で積分し、この積分値が予め定めたしきい値を越えた場合、つまりエアバッグ１０３ｂを展開すべき衝突が起きた場合（乗員保護手段の起動が必要）の衝突であると判断する。 Next, the operation will be described.
The acceleration sensor 102a detects acceleration due to an impact and outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the magnitude of the acceleration. The output electrical signal is processed as a digital signal by an A / D conversion means installed in the microcomputer 102b. Further, in the microcomputer 102b, the inputted electric signal is integrated in a predetermined section (a constant time width) by an integrating means installed therein, and the integrated value exceeds a predetermined threshold value. In other words, it is determined that the collision occurs when the airbag 103b is to be deployed (the occupant protection means needs to be activated).

エアバッグ１０３ｂを展開すべき衝突が起きたと判断したときは、マイクロコンピュータ１０２ｂの出力で起動手段１０２ｃを起動させ、この起動手段１０２ｃがスクイブ（起爆装置）１０３ａに点火電流を流し、エアバッグ１０３ｂを展開させる。   When it is determined that a collision to deploy the airbag 103b has occurred, the activation means 102c is activated by the output of the microcomputer 102b, and this activation means 102c sends an ignition current to the squib (detonation device) 103a. Expand.

従来の車両用衝突判定装置は上記のように加速度センサにより検出された加速度信号を単に所定区間内で積分するだけであるため、例えば、図１４（ａ）に示すようにオフセット衝突やアンダーライド衝突などのソフトクラッシュにおいては、図１３（ａ）に示す正面衝突に比べて比較的低い加速度信号が長時間継続して出力される。乗員保護装置はこの区間で起動する必要があるが、積分値にて低速正面衝突とソフトクラッシュとの識別を行う場合には、図１３（ｂ），図１４（ｂ）に示すように、所定時間を相当長く設定しなければならない。このため、乗員保護手段の起動判定に時間を要し、適切なタイミングで乗員保護装置を起動させることができない場合があるという課題があった。   Since the conventional vehicle collision determination device simply integrates the acceleration signal detected by the acceleration sensor within a predetermined section as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. In a soft crash such as the above, a relatively low acceleration signal is output continuously for a long time compared to the frontal collision shown in FIG. The occupant protection device needs to be activated in this section. However, in the case where the low speed frontal collision and the soft crash are identified by the integral value, as shown in FIGS. The time must be set considerably long. For this reason, there is a problem that it takes time for the activation determination of the occupant protection means and the occupant protection device may not be activated at an appropriate timing.

この発明は上記のような課題を解消するためになされたもので、比較的低い加速度信号が長時間続くソフトクラッシュを短時間に低速正面衝突と区別して識別できるようにし、乗員保護手段を適切なタイミングで起動することができる車両用衝突判定装置を得ることを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and enables soft crashes in which a relatively low acceleration signal is continued for a long time to be distinguished from low-speed frontal crashes in a short time, thereby providing an appropriate occupant protection means. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a vehicle collision determination device that can be activated at timing.

この発明に係る車両用衝突判定装置は、車両の衝突時における衝撃を検出する加速度センサの出力信号と第１のしきい値を比較する第１の比較手段と、この第１の比較手段の出力から予め定めた一定値を減算する減算手段と、この減算手段の出力を積分し、積分値が０より小さくなった時該積分値を強制的に０とするリセット機能を有する積分手段と、この積分手段の積分値と第２のしきい値とを比較して乗員保護手段の起動要否を判定する第２の比較手段と、第２の比較手段による出力信号に基づいて乗員保護手段の起動を制御する起動手段とを備えたものである。   The vehicle collision determination device according to the present invention includes a first comparison unit that compares an output signal of an acceleration sensor that detects an impact at the time of a vehicle collision and a first threshold value, and an output of the first comparison unit. Subtracting means for subtracting a predetermined constant value from the above, integrating means having a reset function for integrating the output of the subtracting means and forcing the integrated value to 0 when the integrated value becomes smaller than 0, and A second comparing means for comparing the integrated value of the integrating means with a second threshold value to determine whether or not the occupant protection means needs to be activated, and activation of the occupant protection means based on an output signal from the second comparing means; And an activating means for controlling.

この発明に係る車両用衝突判定装置は、加速度センサの出力信号から高周波成分を減衰させて第１の比較手段に入力する減衰手段を備えたものである。   The vehicle collision determination device according to the present invention includes attenuation means for attenuating a high frequency component from an output signal of the acceleration sensor and inputting the attenuated high frequency component to the first comparison means.

この発明によれば、車両の衝突時における衝撃を検出する加速度センサの出力信号と第１のしきい値を比較する第１の比較手段と、この第１の比較手段の出力から予め定めた一定値を減算する減算手段と、この減算手段の出力を積分し、積分値が０より小さくなった時該積分値を強制的に０とするリセット機能を有する積分手段と、この積分手段の積分値と第２のしきい値とを比較して乗員保護手段の起動要否を判定する第２の比較手段と、第２の比較手段による出力信号に基づいて乗員保護手段の起動を制御する起動手段とを備えて構成したので、使用メモリを少なくすることが可能となり、さらに乗員保護手段の起動が必要な衝突形態であるか否かの判定をより迅速に行うことができる効果がある。   According to the present invention, the first comparison means for comparing the output signal of the acceleration sensor for detecting the impact at the time of the collision of the vehicle and the first threshold value, and a predetermined constant from the output of the first comparison means. A subtracting means for subtracting a value; an integrating means having a reset function for integrating the output of the subtracting means and forcing the integrated value to be zero when the integrated value becomes smaller than 0; and an integrated value of the integrating means And a second threshold value for comparing the second threshold value and the second threshold value to determine whether or not to activate the occupant protection means, and an activation means for controlling the activation of the occupant protection means based on the output signal from the second comparison means Therefore, it is possible to reduce the memory used, and to determine whether or not the collision mode requires the activation of the occupant protection means.

この発明によれば、加速度センサの出力信号から高周波成分を減衰させて第１の比較手段に入力する減衰手段を備えて構成したので、加速度信号に含まれる高周波成分が減衰され、より安定に衝突判定を行うことができる効果がある。   According to the present invention, since the high-frequency component is attenuated from the output signal of the acceleration sensor and is input to the first comparison means, the high-frequency component included in the acceleration signal is attenuated and collides more stably. There is an effect that a determination can be made.

この発明の実施の形態１における衝突判定手段の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the collision determination means in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 衝突判定手段における演算処理のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the arithmetic processing in a collision determination means. 低速正面衝突時の加速度信号波形および図１における各部出力波形を示す波形図である。It is a wave form diagram which shows the acceleration signal waveform at the time of a low-speed frontal collision, and each part output waveform in FIG. ソフトクラッシュ時の加速度信号波形および図１における各部出力波形を示す波形図である。It is a wave form diagram which shows the acceleration signal waveform at the time of a soft crash, and each part output waveform in FIG. 悪路走行時の加速度信号波形および図１における各部出力波形を示す波形図である。It is a wave form diagram which shows the acceleration signal waveform at the time of rough road driving | running | working, and each part output waveform in FIG. この発明の実施の形態２における衝突判定手段の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the collision determination means in Embodiment 2 of this invention. 低速正面衝突時の加速度信号波形および図６における各部出力波形を示す波形図である。It is a wave form diagram which shows the acceleration signal waveform at the time of a low-speed frontal collision, and each part output waveform in FIG. ソフトクラッシュ時の加速度信号波形および図６における各部出力波形を示す波形図である。It is a wave form diagram which shows the acceleration signal waveform at the time of a soft crash, and each part output waveform in FIG. 悪路走行時の加速度信号波形および図６における各部出力波形を示す波形図である。It is a wave form diagram which shows the acceleration signal waveform at the time of rough road driving | running | working, and each part output waveform in FIG. 区間積分の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of an interval integration. 従来の乗員保護システムに用いられている衝突判定手段の配置位置を示す概略平面図である。It is a schematic plan view which shows the arrangement position of the collision determination means used for the conventional passenger protection system. 乗員保護システムの概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an occupant protection system. 低速正面衝突時の加速度信号波形および図１１における各部出力波形を示す波形図である。It is a wave form diagram which shows the acceleration signal waveform at the time of a low-speed frontal collision, and each part output waveform in FIG. ソフトクラッシュ時の加速度信号波形および図１１における各部出力波形を示す波形図である。It is a wave form diagram which shows the acceleration signal waveform at the time of a soft crash, and each part output waveform in FIG.

以下、この発明を実施するための形態について説明する。
実施の形態１．
図１はこの発明の実施の形態１における車両用衝突判定装置の要部を示す構成図である。図１において、４は前記図１１に示したマイクロコンピュータに相当する衝突判定手段であり、車両の衝突時における衝撃を検出する加速度センサから加速度信号Ｇｔを入力し、第１のしきい値Ｇ０と比較する第１の比較手段４ａ、単位時間ｔ毎シフトさせながら予め定めた所定区間Ｔ内における第１の比較手段４ａの出力信号を積分する積分手段４ｂ、この積分手段４ｂの積分値と第２のしきい値Ｘ０とを比較して乗員保護手段の起動要否を判定する第２の比較手段４ｃを有する。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a main part of a vehicle collision determination apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 4 denotes a collision determination means corresponding to the microcomputer shown in FIG. 11, which receives an acceleration signal Gt from an acceleration sensor that detects an impact at the time of a vehicle collision, and has a first threshold value G0. The first comparison means 4a to be compared, the integration means 4b for integrating the output signal of the first comparison means 4a within a predetermined section T while shifting every unit time t, the integration value of the integration means 4b and the second And a second comparison means 4c for determining whether the occupant protection means needs to be activated.

次に動作について説明する。
衝突判定手段４における演算処理動作を図２に示すフローチャートに基づいて説明する。まず、ステップＳＴ１にて加速度センサにより検出された時刻の加速度信号Ｇｔが、第１のしきい値Ｇ０より大きいかを第１の比較手段４ａで判断し、ＹＥＳであれば、ステップＳＴ２にて個数Ｃｔ−１＋１がＣｔとしてインクリメントされる。 Next, the operation will be described.
The calculation processing operation in the collision determination means 4 will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG. First, the first comparison means 4a determines whether the acceleration signal Gt at the time detected by the acceleration sensor in step ST1 is larger than the first threshold value G0. If YES, the number is determined in step ST2. C t−1 +1 is incremented as C t .

ついで、ステップＳＴ３にて、所定区間Ｔ中における加速度信号Ｇｔが第１のしきい値Ｇ０を越える個数（Ｃｔ−Ｃｔ−ｎ）を、第２の比較手段４ｃで第２のしきい値Ｘ０と比較し、第２のしきい値Ｘ０よりも大きい場合、ステップＳＴ４にて第２の比較手段４ｃから衝突判定結果として起動信号を出力する。 Next, in step ST3, the number of acceleration signals Gt in the predetermined section T exceeding the first threshold value G0 (C t −C t−n ) is determined by the second comparison means 4c as the second threshold value. When compared with X0 and larger than the second threshold value X0, an activation signal is output as a collision determination result from the second comparison means 4c in step ST4.

図３，図４，図５は低速正面衝突時、ソフトクラッシュ時、悪路走行時の加速度信号波形および図１における各部出力波形を示すもので、加速度信号Ｇｔがしきい値Ｇ０を越える時間を積分することで、低速正面衝突とソフトクラッシュを迅速に識別することが可能である。また、第１のしきい値Ｇ０は、長時間のブレーキングや悪路走行および加速度センサのノイズ等を考慮した値を設定することで、乗員保護装置の起動が不必要な場合における誤爆を防止することが可能である。   3, 4, and 5 show acceleration signal waveforms during low-speed frontal collision, soft crash, and rough road traveling, and output waveforms of each part in FIG. 1. The time over which the acceleration signal Gt exceeds the threshold value G0 is shown. By integrating, it is possible to quickly identify low-speed frontal collisions and soft crashes. The first threshold G0 is set to a value that takes into account long-term braking, rough road driving, acceleration sensor noise, and the like, thereby preventing accidental explosions when activation of the occupant protection device is unnecessary. Is possible.

実施の形態２．
図６はこの発明の実施の形態２における車両用衝突判定装置の他の実施の形態を示す構成図である。図６において、５は前記図１１に示したマイクロコンピュータに相当する衝突判定手段であり、この衝突判定手段５は車両の衝突時における衝撃を検出する加速度センサ（図１２に示す加速度センサ１０２ａ）からの加速度信号Ｇｔと第１のしきい値Ｇ１を比較する第１の比較手段５ａ、この第１の比較手段５ａの出力から予め定めた一定値Ｒ１を減算する減算手段５ｂ、この減算手段５ｂの出力の積分値Ｘが０より小さいときは０に初期化する機能（以下、リセット機能と称する）を有する積分手段５ｃと、この積分手段５ｃの積分値と第２のしきい値Ｘ１とを比較して乗員保護手段の起動要否を判定する第２の比較手段５ｄとを有する。 Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the vehicle collision determination device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 5 denotes a collision determination means corresponding to the microcomputer shown in FIG. The first comparison means 5a that compares the acceleration signal Gt with the first threshold value G1, the subtraction means 5b that subtracts a predetermined constant value R1 from the output of the first comparison means 5a, and the subtraction means 5b When the integrated value X of the output is smaller than 0, the integrating means 5c having a function of initializing to 0 (hereinafter referred to as reset function), and comparing the integrated value of the integrating means 5c with the second threshold value X1 And a second comparison unit 5d for determining whether the occupant protection unit needs to be activated.

次に動作について説明する。
衝突判定手段は、加速度センサにより検出供給された加速度信号Ｇｔが、第１のしきい値Ｇ１より大きいかを第１の比較手段５ａで判断し、この第１の比較手段５ａの出力から予め定めた一定値Ｒ１を減算手段５ｂで減算する。ついで、減算手段５ｂの出力が積分手段５ｃで積分され、その積分値を第２の比較手段５ｄで第２のしきい値Ｘ１と比較し、第２のしきい値Ｘ１よりも大きい場合、第２の比較手段５ｄから衝突判定結果を出力する。 Next, the operation will be described.
The collision determination means determines whether the acceleration signal Gt detected and supplied by the acceleration sensor is larger than the first threshold value G1, by the first comparison means 5a, and determines in advance from the output of the first comparison means 5a. The constant value R1 is subtracted by the subtracting means 5b. Next, the output of the subtracting means 5b is integrated by the integrating means 5c, and the integrated value is compared with the second threshold value X1 by the second comparing means 5d. The collision determination result is output from the second comparison means 5d.

図７，図８，図９は低速正面衝突時、ソフトクラッシュ時、悪路走行時の加速度信号波形および図６における各部出力波形を示すもので、実施の形態１と同様、加速度信号Ｇｔがしきい値Ｇ１を越える時間を積分することで、ソフトクラッシュを迅速に低速正面衝突、悪路走行と区別して判別することが可能となる。また、加速度信号Ｇｔから一定値を減算して積分した速度信号が０より小さい場合、速度信号を０として積分を行うので、区分積分のように加速度信号Ｇｔを記憶する必要がないため、使用メモリを少なくすることが可能となり、さらに衝突判定時間も短縮できる効果がある。   7, 8, and 9 show acceleration signal waveforms during low-speed frontal collision, soft crash, and rough road and output waveforms of each part in FIG. 6. Like the first embodiment, the acceleration signal Gt By integrating the time exceeding the threshold value G1, it is possible to quickly distinguish and distinguish soft crashes from low-speed frontal collisions and rough road traveling. Further, when the speed signal integrated by subtracting a constant value from the acceleration signal Gt is smaller than 0, the speed signal is set to 0 and integration is performed. Therefore, it is not necessary to store the acceleration signal Gt unlike the piecewise integration. This is advantageous in that the collision determination time can be shortened.

なお、第１のしきい値Ｇ１は実施の形態１における第１のしきい値Ｇ０と同様、長時間のブレーキングや悪路走行および加速度センサのノイズ等を考慮した値を設定することで、乗員保護装置の起動が不必要な場合における誤爆を防止することが可能である。   As with the first threshold value G0 in the first embodiment, the first threshold value G1 is set by taking into account long-time braking, rough road running, acceleration sensor noise, etc. It is possible to prevent accidental explosions when activation of the passenger protection device is unnecessary.

実施の形態３．
この実施の形態３は、図１，図６に示した実施の形態１，２において、衝突判定手段４，５における比較手段４ａ，５ａの入力側にＬＰＦ（ローパスフイルタ）６を設けた構成である。この構成により、加速度信号Ｇｔに含まれる高周波成分が減衰され、より安定に衝突判定を行うことができる。 Embodiment 3 FIG.
The third embodiment has a configuration in which an LPF (low-pass filter) 6 is provided on the input side of the comparison means 4a and 5a in the collision determination means 4 and 5 in the first and second embodiments shown in FIGS. is there. With this configuration, the high frequency component included in the acceleration signal Gt is attenuated, and the collision determination can be performed more stably.

なお、実施の形態１における積分手段４ｂは、区間積分を行っているもので、この区間積分の原理を図１０について説明する。例えば単位時間ｔを１ビットに対応させ、５ビットを所定区間Ｔとし、この所定区間Ｔ毎に対応ビット位置に出力があるかを判断し、出力があれば、ビットに「１」を立て、この５ビットの内容を積分する。このようにして、所定区間Ｔ毎の積分を単位時間ｔ毎シフトさせて順次行い、積分値が第２のしきい値Ｘ０を越えたとき、乗員保護手段の起動信号を出力する。   The integrating means 4b in the first embodiment performs interval integration, and the principle of interval integration will be described with reference to FIG. For example, unit time t corresponds to 1 bit, 5 bits are set as a predetermined section T, and it is determined whether there is an output at the corresponding bit position for each predetermined section T. If there is an output, “1” is set to the bit, This 5-bit content is integrated. In this way, the integration for each predetermined section T is sequentially performed by shifting by the unit time t, and when the integration value exceeds the second threshold value X0, the activation signal for the occupant protection means is output.

４ 衝突判定手段、４ａ 第１の比較手段、４ｂ 積分手段、４ｃ 第２の比較手段、５ 衝突判定手段、５ａ 第１の比較手段、５ｂ 減算手段、５ｃ リセット機能付積分手段、５ｄ 第２の比較手段、６ ローパスフイルタ。   4 collision determination means, 4a first comparison means, 4b integration means, 4c second comparison means, 5 collision determination means, 5a first comparison means, 5b subtraction means, 5c integration means with reset function, 5d second Comparison means, 6 low-pass filter.

Claims (2)

車両の衝突時における衝撃を検出する加速度センサと、
前記加速度センサの出力信号と第１のしきい値を比較する第１の比較手段と、
この第１の比較手段の出力から予め定めた一定値を減算する減算手段と、
この減算手段の出力を積分し、積分値が０より小さくなった時該積分値を強制的に０とするリセット機能を有する積分手段と、
前記積分手段の積分値と第２のしきい値とを比較して乗員保護手段の起動要否を判定する第２の比較手段と、
前記第２の比較手段による出力信号に基づいて前記乗員保護手段の起動を制御する起動手段と
を備えた車両用衝突判定装置。 An acceleration sensor for detecting an impact at the time of a vehicle collision;
First comparison means for comparing an output signal of the acceleration sensor with a first threshold value;
Subtracting means for subtracting a predetermined constant value from the output of the first comparing means;
An integrating means having a reset function for integrating the output of the subtracting means and forcing the integrated value to 0 when the integrated value becomes smaller than 0;
A second comparing means for comparing the integrated value of the integrating means and a second threshold value to determine whether or not the occupant protecting means needs to be activated;
A vehicle collision determination apparatus comprising: an activation unit that controls activation of the occupant protection unit based on an output signal from the second comparison unit. 加速度センサの出力信号から高周波成分を減衰させて第１の比較手段に入力する減衰手段を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の車両用衝突判定装置。   2. The vehicle collision determination apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising attenuation means for attenuating a high frequency component from the output signal of the acceleration sensor and inputting the attenuated component to the first comparison means.
JP2011103558A 2011-05-06 2011-05-06 Collision determining apparatus for vehicle Pending JP2011168276A (en)

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