JP2011093947A - Flame retardant-containing foamable polystyrene-based resin particle and manufacturing method therefor, flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin pre-foamed particle, and flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article - Google Patents

Flame retardant-containing foamable polystyrene-based resin particle and manufacturing method therefor, flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin pre-foamed particle, and flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article Download PDF

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JP2011093947A
JP2011093947A JP2009246290A JP2009246290A JP2011093947A JP 2011093947 A JP2011093947 A JP 2011093947A JP 2009246290 A JP2009246290 A JP 2009246290A JP 2009246290 A JP2009246290 A JP 2009246290A JP 2011093947 A JP2011093947 A JP 2011093947A
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flame retardant
flame
retardant
polystyrene resin
resin
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JP5750221B2 (en
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Hiroyuki Tarumoto
裕之 樽本
Ryosuke Chiumi
良輔 地海
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Sekisui Kasei Co Ltd
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Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd
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Priority to EP10826763.4A priority patent/EP2495277B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2010/069053 priority patent/WO2011052631A1/en
Priority to CN2010800596359A priority patent/CN102686654A/en
Priority to TW099136662A priority patent/TWI439503B/en
Priority to US13/504,072 priority patent/US20120214885A1/en
Priority to CN201610046400.5A priority patent/CN105542216A/en
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Priority to US15/098,702 priority patent/US20160229974A1/en
Priority to US15/617,823 priority patent/US10358538B2/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article having sufficient flame-retardant performance and being also excellent in mechanical strength, moldability and appearance using a flame-retardant having high safety relative to the environment and organisms. <P>SOLUTION: In the flame retardant-containing foamable polystyrene-based resin particles, the polystyrene-based resin containing the flame-retardant and the foaming agent is made to a particle form. The flame-retardant has a bromine atom in the molecule and a bromine content of less than 70 mass%, and has a benzene ring in the molecule and a 5 mass% decomposition temperature within a range of 200-300°C. The flame retardant-containing foamable polystyrene-based resin particles are characterized in that the ratio (B/A) of a flame retardant content (A) of the entire foamable polystyrene-based resin particles and a flame retardant content (B) of the surface of the resin particles is within a range of 0.8-1.2. The flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article is obtained by pre-foaming the same and further performing in-die foaming. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、難燃性に優れた難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体、該成形体の製造に用いる難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子とその製造方法に関する。本発明の難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体は、難燃性が要求される発泡成形体、例えば、建材用用途、自動車用内装材などにおいて好適に使用される。   The present invention relates to a flame retardant polystyrene resin foam molded article having excellent flame retardancy, a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle used for production of the molded article, and a method for producing the same. The flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article of the present invention is suitably used in a foam molded article that requires flame retardancy, such as a building material application and an automobile interior material.

従来、難燃剤を含有する発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子として、例えば、特許文献1〜3に開示された従来技術が提案されている。   Conventionally, as the expandable polystyrene resin particles containing a flame retardant, for example, conventional techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been proposed.

特許文献1には、スチレン系樹脂100質量部に対して、所定構造の臭素系難燃剤を0.1〜10質量部を含有する有機溶媒溶液と、発泡剤とを添加し、加熱発泡せしめる難燃性発泡スチレン系樹脂の製造方法が開示されている。   In Patent Document 1, an organic solvent solution containing 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of a brominated flame retardant having a predetermined structure and a foaming agent are added to 100 parts by mass of a styrene resin, and it is difficult to heat and foam. A method for producing a flame-retardant foamed styrene resin is disclosed.

特許文献2には、テトラブロモビスフェノールAジアリルエーテルを界面活性剤の存在下において粒子径が50μm以下になるように分散した後、軟化剤、難燃助剤、可塑剤及び発泡剤と共にポリスチレン樹脂粒子に含浸させることを特徴とする自己消火性ポリスチレン樹脂粒子の製造方法及びこの樹脂粒子を用いて得た成形品が開示されている。   In Patent Document 2, tetrabromobisphenol A diallyl ether is dispersed so as to have a particle size of 50 μm or less in the presence of a surfactant, and then a polystyrene resin particle together with a softening agent, a flame retardant aid, a plasticizer, and a foaming agent. A method for producing self-extinguishing polystyrene resin particles characterized by impregnating the resin particles and a molded product obtained using the resin particles are disclosed.

特許文献3には、均斉に分布されたグラファイト粉末を含有する粒子状膨張性スチレン重合体、これを処理することにより得られる自己消火性発泡体が開示され、また難燃剤として、70質量%又はこれより多い臭素分を有する有機臭素化合物を含有し、燃焼テストB2(DIN4102による)にパスする自己消火性発泡体をもたらすように処理され得ることが開示されている。前記有機臭素化合物としては、ヘキサブロモシクロドデカン、ペンタブロモモノクロロシクロヘキサン、ペンタブロモフェニルアリルエーテルが記載されている。   Patent Document 3 discloses a particulate expandable styrene polymer containing homogeneously distributed graphite powder, a self-extinguishing foam obtained by treating this, and as a flame retardant, 70% by mass or It is disclosed that it can be treated to provide a self-extinguishing foam that contains an organic bromine compound having a higher bromine content and passes the flammability test B2 (according to DIN 4102). Examples of the organic bromine compound include hexabromocyclododecane, pentabromomonochlorocyclohexane, and pentabromophenyl allyl ether.

特開昭63−172744号公報JP-A 63-172744 特開平11−130898号公報JP-A-11-130898 特表2001−525001号公報Special table 2001-525001 gazette

しかしながら、前述した従来技術には、次のような問題があった。
特許文献1に開示された従来技術は、難燃剤を有機溶媒に予め溶解することにより押出機、オートクレーブ中に供給しているが、難燃剤を有機溶媒に溶かす工程において揮発性溶媒を用いることは、環境に与える悪影響が大きく、発泡成形体からの揮発性有機化合物(VOC)の発生の観点から好ましいものではない。また、発泡に使用する低級脂肪族炭化水素(ブタン、ペンタン)に溶解する工程も発泡剤の揮発による作業環境の悪化などの問題がある。
However, the above-described conventional technique has the following problems.
The prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 supplies a flame retardant in an extruder and an autoclave by dissolving the flame retardant in an organic solvent in advance, but using a volatile solvent in the step of dissolving the flame retardant in an organic solvent These are not preferable from the viewpoint of generation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from the foam molded article. Further, the process of dissolving in lower aliphatic hydrocarbons (butane, pentane) used for foaming also has problems such as deterioration of working environment due to volatilization of the foaming agent.

特許文献2に開示された従来技術は、難燃剤を界面活性剤の存在下において粒子径が50μm以下になるように分散した後、軟化剤、難燃助剤、可塑剤及び発泡剤と共にポリスチレン樹脂粒子に含浸させて難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン樹脂粒子を製造しているが、このようにポリスチレン樹脂粒子に難燃剤を含浸させる方法では、ポリスチレン樹脂粒子の表面付近に難燃剤が含浸されるものの、樹脂粒子中心付近には難燃剤が存在しないか、含有量が低い難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン樹脂粒子しか得られず、このような樹脂粒子を予備発泡し、更に得られた予備発泡粒子を型内発泡成形して得られる難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の機械強度が劣り、成形性や外観が悪くなる問題がある。   In the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 2, a flame retardant is dispersed in the presence of a surfactant so that the particle diameter is 50 μm or less, and then a polystyrene resin together with a softener, a flame retardant aid, a plasticizer, and a foaming agent. Although the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles are produced by impregnating the particles, the method of impregnating the polystyrene resin particles with the flame retardant in this way impregnates the flame retardant near the surface of the polystyrene resin particles, There is no flame retardant near the center of the resin particles, or only low-content flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles can be obtained. Such resin particles are pre-expanded, and the obtained pre-expanded particles are put into the mold. There is a problem that the flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article obtained by foam molding is inferior in mechanical strength and has poor moldability and appearance.

特許文献3に開示された従来技術は、難燃剤としてヘキサブロモシクロドデカン等の有機臭素化合物を用いているが、これに開示された有機臭素化合物は、難分解性、高蓄積性などの点から環境に悪影響を及ぼす恐れがあり、今後は難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の分野においては使用し難い問題がある。   The prior art disclosed in Patent Document 3 uses an organic bromine compound such as hexabromocyclododecane as a flame retardant, but the organic bromine compound disclosed therein is difficult to decompose and has a high accumulation property. There is a possibility of adversely affecting the environment, and in the future, there is a problem that it is difficult to use in the field of flame retardant polystyrene-based resin foam moldings.

本発明は、前記事情に鑑みてなされ、環境や生物に対する安全性が高い難燃剤を用いて十分な難燃性能を有し、機械強度・成形性・外観にも優れた難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の提供を目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a flame retardant polystyrene resin having sufficient flame retardant performance using a flame retardant having high safety to the environment and living organisms, and excellent in mechanical strength, moldability and appearance. An object is to provide a foam molded article.

前記目的を達成するため、本発明は、難燃剤及び発泡剤を含有するポリスチレン系樹脂を粒子状としてなる難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子であって、
前記難燃剤は、分子内に臭素原子を有し、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内であり、
前記発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の全体の難燃剤含有量(A)と、該樹脂粒子の表面の難燃剤含有量(B)との比(B/A)が0.8〜1.2の範囲内であることを特徴とする難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を提供する。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle having a polystyrene resin containing a flame retardant and a foaming agent in the form of particles,
The flame retardant has a bromine atom in the molecule, a bromine content of less than 70% by mass, a benzene ring in the molecule, and a 5% by mass decomposition temperature of the flame retardant of 200 to 300 ° C. Within the range of
The ratio (B / A) of the total flame retardant content (A) of the expandable polystyrene resin particles to the flame retardant content (B) on the surface of the resin particles is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2. A flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene-based resin particle is provided.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子において、樹脂供給装置内でポリスチレン系樹脂に難燃剤及び発泡剤を添加、混練し、難燃剤・発泡剤含有の溶融樹脂を樹脂供給装置先端に付設されたダイの小孔から直接冷却用液体中に押し出し、押し出すと同時に押出物を切断するとともに、押出物を液体との接触により冷却固化して難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を得る溶融押出法により得られたものであることが好ましい。   In the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, a flame retardant and a foaming agent are added and kneaded to the polystyrene resin in the resin supply device, and a molten resin containing the flame retardant / foaming agent is attached to the tip of the resin supply device. Extruded directly into the cooling liquid through the small holes of the die, and extrudate is cut at the same time as extrusion, and the extrudate is cooled and solidified by contact with the liquid to obtain flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles It is preferably obtained by the method.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子において、前記難燃剤が、テトラブロモビスフェノールAまたはその誘導体からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上であることが好ましい。   In the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, the flame retardant is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of tetrabromobisphenol A or a derivative thereof.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子において、前記難燃剤が、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモ−2−メチルプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(アリルエーテル)からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上であることが好ましい。   In the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, the flame retardant is tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3- It is preferable that it is 1 type, or 2 or more types selected from the group which consists of dibromopropyl ether) and tetrabromo bisphenol A-bis (allyl ether).

また本発明は、前記難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を加熱して得られた難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子を提供する。   The present invention also provides flame retardant polystyrene resin pre-expanded particles obtained by heating the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles.

また本発明は、前記難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子を成形型のキャビティ内に充填して加熱、発泡させて得られた難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体を提供する。   The present invention also provides a flame retardant polystyrene resin foam molded article obtained by filling the flame retardant polystyrene resin pre-expanded particles in a cavity of a mold and heating and foaming.

また本発明は、樹脂供給装置内でポリスチレン系樹脂に、分子内に臭素原子を有し、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内である難燃剤及び発泡剤を添加、混練し、難燃剤・発泡剤含有の溶融樹脂を樹脂供給装置先端に付設されたダイの小孔から直接冷却用液体中に押し出し、押し出すと同時に押出物を切断するとともに、押出物を液体との接触により冷却固化して前記難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を得ることを特徴とする難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法を提供する。   Further, the present invention provides a polystyrene resin in a resin supply apparatus having a bromine atom in the molecule, a bromine content of less than 70% by mass, a benzene ring in the molecule, and the flame retardant. A flame retardant and a foaming agent having a 5 mass% decomposition temperature in the range of 200 to 300 ° C. are added and kneaded. Extruding into a cooling liquid, cutting the extrudate at the same time as extruding, and cooling and solidifying the extrudate by contact with the liquid to obtain the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles. Provided is a method for producing conductive polystyrene resin particles.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法において、前記難燃剤が、テトラブロモビスフェノールAまたはその誘導体からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上であることが好ましい。   In the method for producing a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle of the present invention, the flame retardant is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of tetrabromobisphenol A or a derivative thereof.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法において、前記難燃剤が、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモ−2−メチルプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(アリルエーテル)からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上であることが好ましい。   In the method for producing a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle of the present invention, the flame retardant is tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2 , 3-dibromopropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (allyl ether), and preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (allyl ether).

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法において、樹脂中に所定濃度で前記難燃剤を含むマスターバッチ材を前記ポリスチレン系樹脂とともに樹脂供給装置内に供給し、該装置内で溶融混練することが好ましい。   In the method for producing a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle of the present invention, a master batch material containing the flame retardant at a predetermined concentration in a resin is supplied into a resin supply apparatus together with the polystyrene resin, and melted in the apparatus. It is preferable to knead.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、分子内に臭素原子を有し、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内である難燃剤を含有している。前記難燃剤は、環境や生物に対する安全性が高いものであり、特に、テトラブロモビスフェノールA誘導体は、ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体に添加した場合に十分な難燃性能を付与でき、環境や生物に対する安全性が高いので、種々の用途の難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の製造に用いることができる。
本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、該樹脂粒子の全体の難燃剤含有量(A)と、該樹脂粒子の表面の難燃剤含有量(B)との比(B/A)が0.8〜1.2の範囲内であるものなので、樹脂粒子中に難燃剤が均一に存在しており、樹脂粒子中に難燃剤が不均一に存在しているものと比べ、得られる難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の機械強度が高くなり、成形性や外観にも優れた発泡成形体が得られる。
The flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention have a bromine atom in the molecule, a bromine content of less than 70% by mass, a benzene ring in the molecule, and 5% of the flame retardant. A flame retardant having a mass% decomposition temperature in the range of 200 to 300 ° C. is contained. The flame retardant is highly safe for the environment and organisms. In particular, the tetrabromobisphenol A derivative can impart sufficient flame retardant performance when added to a polystyrene resin foamed molded article, and is safe for the environment and organisms. Since it is highly safe, it can be used in the production of flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded articles for various applications.
The flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention have a ratio (B / A) between the total flame retardant content (A) of the resin particles and the flame retardant content (B) on the surface of the resin particles. Is within the range of 0.8 to 1.2, so that the flame retardant is uniformly present in the resin particles, and can be obtained as compared with the flame retardant present non-uniformly in the resin particles. The mechanical strength of the flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molding is increased, and a foam molding having excellent moldability and appearance can be obtained.

本発明の難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体は、前記難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を加熱して予備発泡させ、更に、得られた予備発泡粒子を成形型のキャビティ内に充填して加熱、発泡させて得られたものなので、環境や生物に対する安全性が高い難燃剤を用いて十分な難燃性能を有し、機械強度・成形性・外観にも優れた難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体を提供することができる。   The flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article of the present invention heats and pre-expands the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles, and further fills the obtained pre-expanded particles into a mold cavity. Because it is obtained by heating and foaming, it uses flame retardants that are highly safe for the environment and organisms, has sufficient flame retardant performance, and has excellent mechanical strength, moldability, and appearance. A foamed molded article can be provided.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法によれば、前述したように優れた効果を有する難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を効率よく製造することができる。特に、本発明の製造方法によれば、樹脂粒子の全体の難燃剤含有量(A)と、該樹脂粒子の表面の難燃剤含有量(B)とがほぼ等しい、難燃剤が樹脂粒子内に均一に含有された難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を高効率で製造することができる。
また、本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法において、樹脂中に所定濃度で前記難燃剤を含むマスターバッチ材を前記ポリスチレン系樹脂とともに樹脂供給装置内に供給し、該装置内で溶融混練することによって、難燃剤をより均一に樹脂粒子に含有させることができる。
According to the method for producing flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles having an excellent effect as described above can be efficiently produced. In particular, according to the production method of the present invention, the total flame retardant content (A) of the resin particles is substantially equal to the flame retardant content (B) of the surface of the resin particles. The flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles uniformly contained can be produced with high efficiency.
Further, in the method for producing a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle of the present invention, a master batch material containing the flame retardant at a predetermined concentration in the resin is supplied into the resin supply apparatus together with the polystyrene resin, The flame retardant can be more uniformly contained in the resin particles by melt-kneading in step (1).

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法に用いられる製造装置の一例を示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows an example of the manufacturing apparatus used for the manufacturing method of the flame retardant containing expandable polystyrene resin particle of this invention. 実施例で行ったポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の成形体表皮部をカットする時の状態を示す概略正面図である。It is a schematic front view which shows the state at the time of cutting the molded object skin part of the polystyrene-type resin foam molded object performed in the Example.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。
本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法は、樹脂供給装置内でポリスチレン系樹脂に、分子内に臭素原子を有し、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内である難燃剤及び発泡剤を添加、混練し、難燃剤・発泡剤含有の溶融樹脂を樹脂供給装置先端に付設されたダイの小孔から直接冷却用液体中に押し出し、押し出すと同時に押出物を切断するとともに、押出物を液体との接触により冷却固化して難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を得ることを特徴としている。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The method for producing a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle of the present invention has a bromine atom in a molecule in a polystyrene resin in a resin supply device, a bromine content is less than 70% by mass, A flame retardant having a benzene ring and a 5 mass% decomposition temperature of the flame retardant within a range of 200 to 300 ° C. and a foaming agent are added and kneaded to supply a resin containing a flame retardant / foaming agent-containing molten resin. Extruded into the cooling liquid directly from a small hole in the die attached to the tip of the device, and at the same time, extrudate is cut, and the extrudate is cooled and solidified by contact with the liquid. It is characterized by obtaining.

図1は、本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法に用いられる製造装置の一例を示す構成図であり、本例の製造装置は、樹脂供給装置としての押出機1と、押出機1の先端に取り付けられた多数の小孔を有するダイ2と、押出機1内に樹脂原料等を投入する原料供給ホッパー3と、押出機1内の溶融樹脂に発泡剤供給口5を通して発泡剤を圧入する高圧ポンプ4と、ダイ2の小孔が穿設された樹脂吐出面に冷却水を接触させるように設けられ、室内に冷却水が循環供給されるカッティング室7と、ダイ2の小孔から押し出された樹脂を切断できるようにカッティング室7内に回転可能に設けられたカッター6と、カッティング室7から冷却水の流れに同伴して運ばれる発泡性粒子を冷却水と分離すると共に脱水乾燥して発泡性粒子を得る固液分離機能付き脱水乾燥機10と、固液分離機能付き脱水乾燥機10にて分離された冷却水を溜める水槽8と、この水槽8内の冷却水をカッティング室7に送る高圧ポンプ9と、固液分離機能付き脱水乾燥機10にて脱水乾燥された発泡性粒子を貯留する貯留容器11とを備えて構成されている。   FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a production apparatus used in the method for producing a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle of the present invention. The production apparatus of this example includes an extruder 1 as a resin supply apparatus, A die 2 having a large number of small holes attached to the tip of the extruder 1, a raw material supply hopper 3 for introducing a resin raw material or the like into the extruder 1, and a molten resin in the extruder 1 through a blowing agent supply port 5. A high-pressure pump 4 for press-fitting a foaming agent, a cutting chamber 7 provided so that cooling water is brought into contact with a resin discharge surface in which a small hole of the die 2 is formed, and cooling water is circulated and supplied into the chamber; The cutter 6 is rotatably provided in the cutting chamber 7 so as to cut the resin extruded from the small holes of the nozzle, and the foamable particles carried along with the flow of the cooling water from the cutting chamber 7 are separated from the cooling water. And dehydrated and dried A dehydration dryer 10 with a solid-liquid separation function for obtaining foam particles, a water tank 8 for storing cooling water separated by the dehydration dryer 10 with a solid-liquid separation function, and the cooling water in the water tank 8 in the cutting chamber 7 A high-pressure pump 9 for feeding and a storage container 11 for storing expandable particles dehydrated and dried by a dehydration dryer 10 having a solid-liquid separation function are provided.

なお、押出機1としては、スクリュを用いる押出機またはスクリュを用いない押出機のいずれも用いることができる。スクリュを用いる押出機としては、例えば、単軸式押出機、多軸式押出機、ベント式押出機、タンデム式押出機などが挙げられる。スクリュを用いない押出機としては、例えば、プランジャ式押出機、ギアポンプ式押出機などが挙げられる。また、いずれの押出機もスタティックミキサーを用いることができる。これらの押出機のうち、生産性の面からスクリュを用いた押出機が好ましい。また、カッター6を収容したカッティング室7も、樹脂の溶融押出による造粒方法において用いられている従来周知のものを用いることができる。   As the extruder 1, either an extruder using a screw or an extruder not using a screw can be used. Examples of the extruder using a screw include a single-screw extruder, a multi-screw extruder, a vent-type extruder, and a tandem extruder. Examples of the extruder that does not use a screw include a plunger type extruder and a gear pump type extruder. Moreover, any extruder can use a static mixer. Among these extruders, an extruder using a screw is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity. Moreover, the conventionally well-known thing used in the granulation method by melt extrusion of resin can also be used for the cutting chamber 7 which accommodated the cutter 6. FIG.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子において、ポリスチレン系樹脂としては、特に限定されず、例えば、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン、クロロスチレン、エチルスチレン、i−プロピルスチレン、ジメチルスチレン、ブロモスチレン等のスチレン系モノマーの単独重合体又はこれらの共重合体等が挙げられ、スチレンを50質量%以上含有するポリスチレン系樹脂が好ましく、ポリスチレンがより好ましい。   In the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, the polystyrene resin is not particularly limited. For example, styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, chlorostyrene, ethylstyrene, i-propylstyrene, dimethylstyrene. And homopolymers of styrene monomers such as bromostyrene or copolymers thereof, and polystyrene resins containing 50% by mass or more of styrene are preferable, and polystyrene is more preferable.

また、前記ポリスチレン系樹脂としては、前記スチレンモノマーを主成分とする、前記スチレン系モノマーとこのスチレン系モノマーと共重合可能なビニルモノマーとの共重合体であってもよく、このようなビニルモノマーとしては、例えば、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、セチル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキル(メタ)アクリレート、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、ジメチルマレエート、ジメチルフマレート、ジエチルフマレート、エチルフマレートの他、ジビニルベンゼン、アルキレングリコールジメタクリレートなどの二官能性モノマーなどが挙げられる。   Further, the polystyrene resin may be a copolymer of the styrene monomer and a vinyl monomer copolymerizable with the styrene monomer, the main component of which is the styrene monomer. As, for example, alkyl (meth) acrylate such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, cetyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylonitrile, dimethyl maleate, dimethyl fumarate, diethyl In addition to fumarate and ethyl fumarate, bifunctional monomers such as divinylbenzene and alkylene glycol dimethacrylate are exemplified.

また、ポリスチレン系樹脂が主成分であれば、他の樹脂を添加してもよく、添加する樹脂としては、例えば、発泡成形体の耐衝撃性を向上させるために、ポリブタジエン、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−非共役ジエン三次元共重合体などのジエン系のゴム状重合体を添加したゴム変性ポリスチレン系樹脂、いわゆるハイインパクトポリスチレンが挙げられる。あるいは、ポリエチレン系樹脂、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、アクリロニトリル−スチレン共重合体、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン共重合体などが挙げられる。   If a polystyrene resin is the main component, other resins may be added. Examples of the resin to be added include polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene copolymer to improve the impact resistance of the foam molded article. Examples thereof include rubber-modified polystyrene resins to which a diene rubbery polymer such as a polymer, ethylene-propylene-nonconjugated diene three-dimensional copolymer is added, so-called high impact polystyrene. Alternatively, a polyethylene resin, a polypropylene resin, an acrylic resin, an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and the like can be given.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子において、原料となるポリスチレン系樹脂としては、市販されている通常のポリスチレン系樹脂、懸濁重合法などの方法で新たに作製したポリスチレン系樹脂などの、リサイクル原料でないポリスチレン系樹脂(バージンポリスチレン)を使用できる他、使用済みのポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体を再生処理して得られたリサイクル原料を使用することができる。このリサイクル原料としては、使用済みのポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体、例えば、魚箱、家電緩衝材、食品包装用トレーなどを回収し、リモネン溶解方式や加熱減容方式によって再生したリサイクル原料の中から、重量平均分子量Mwが12万〜40万の範囲となる原料を適宜選択し、又は重量平均分子量Mwが異なる複数のリサイクル原料を適宜組み合わせて用いることができる。   In the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, as a polystyrene resin as a raw material, a commercially available ordinary polystyrene resin, a polystyrene resin newly produced by a method such as a suspension polymerization method, etc. In addition to using a polystyrene resin (virgin polystyrene) that is not a recycled raw material, a recycled raw material obtained by regenerating a used polystyrene resin foam molded article can be used. As this recycled material, used polystyrene-based resin foam moldings such as fish boxes, household appliance cushioning materials, food packaging trays, etc. are collected and recycled from the recycled materials recovered by the limonene dissolution method or heating volume reduction method. A raw material having a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 120,000 to 400,000 can be appropriately selected, or a plurality of recycled raw materials having different weight average molecular weights Mw can be used in appropriate combination.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子において、難燃剤としては、分子内に臭素原子を有し、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内である難燃剤が用いられ、前記難燃剤の1種又は2種以上を混合して、或いは、前記難燃剤を主体として、それに他の難燃剤を組み合わせて使用してもよい。
臭素分含有量が70質量%を超え、分子内にベンゼン環を有さない難燃剤は、環境や生物に対する安全性が高い難燃剤となり難く、また機械強度・成形性・外観にも優れた難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体を提供するという本発明の効果を達成し難くなる。臭素分含有量の下限は特に限定しないが50質量%以上であれば難燃効率が良いので好ましい。臭素分含有量のより好ましい範囲は55〜69質量%である。
また、該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200℃未満であると、難燃剤とポリスチレン系樹脂とを押出機1内で溶融混練する際に、難燃剤が分解して難燃効果が得られなくなる恐れがある。5質量%分解温度が300℃を超える難燃剤を用いた場合には、得られる発泡成形体の難燃性が低下してしまう。該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度の好ましい範囲は230〜300℃であり、より好ましい範囲は240〜295℃であり、最も好ましい範囲は265〜290℃である。
In the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, the flame retardant has a bromine atom in the molecule, a bromine content of less than 70% by mass, a benzene ring in the molecule, and A flame retardant having a 5 mass% decomposition temperature of the flame retardant within a range of 200 to 300 ° C. is used, or one or more of the flame retardants are mixed, or the flame retardant as a main component, Other flame retardants may be used in combination.
A flame retardant with a bromine content exceeding 70% by mass and having no benzene ring in the molecule is unlikely to be a flame retardant with high environmental and biological safety, and has excellent mechanical strength, moldability and appearance. It becomes difficult to achieve the effect of the present invention of providing a flammable polystyrene-based resin foam molded article. The lower limit of the bromine content is not particularly limited, but 50% by mass or more is preferable because the flame retardancy is good. A more preferable range of bromine content is 55 to 69 mass%.
Further, when the 5 mass% decomposition temperature of the flame retardant is less than 200 ° C., when the flame retardant and polystyrene resin are melt-kneaded in the extruder 1, the flame retardant decomposes and a flame retardant effect is obtained. There is a risk of disappearing. When a flame retardant having a 5 mass% decomposition temperature exceeding 300 ° C. is used, the flame retardancy of the resulting foamed molded product is lowered. The preferable range of 5 mass% decomposition temperature of this flame retardant is 230-300 degreeC, The more preferable range is 240-295 degreeC, The most preferable range is 265-290 degreeC.

本発明において、好ましい難燃剤としては、テトラブロモビスフェノールAまたはその誘導体からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上が挙げられる。これらの難燃剤の中でも、特に、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモ−2−メチルプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(アリルエーテル)からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上であることが好ましい。5%分解温度が高いテトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモ−2−メチルプロピルエーテル)がより好ましく、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)が最も好ましい。
本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子において、前記難燃剤の添加量は、難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の樹脂分100質量部に対して0.5〜8.0質量%の範囲とすることが好ましく、1.0〜6.0質量%の範囲が更に好ましい。難燃剤の添加量が前記範囲未満であると、得られる発泡成形体の難燃性が低下してしまう。難燃剤の添加量が前記範囲を超えると、得られる発泡成形体の機械強度・成形性・外観が劣化してしまう恐れがある。
In the present invention, preferred flame retardants include one or more selected from the group consisting of tetrabromobisphenol A or derivatives thereof. Among these flame retardants, tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A- It is preferable that it is 1 type, or 2 or more types selected from the group consisting of bis (allyl ether). Tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether) and tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether) having a high 5% decomposition temperature are more preferred, and tetrabromobisphenol A- Bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether) is most preferred.
In the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, the amount of the flame retardant added is 0.5 to 8.0% by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin content of the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles. It is preferable to set it as a range, and the range of 1.0-6.0 mass% is still more preferable. If the addition amount of the flame retardant is less than the above range, the flame retardancy of the obtained foamed molded product is lowered. When the amount of the flame retardant added exceeds the above range, the mechanical strength, moldability, and appearance of the obtained foamed molded product may be deteriorated.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子において、発泡剤としては特に限定されないが、例えば、ノルマルペンタン、イソペンタン、シクロペンタン、シクロペンタジエン等を単独で、もしくは2種以上混合して使用することができる。また、前記ペンタン類を主成分として、ノルマルブタン、イソブタン、プロパン等を混合して使用することもできる。特にペンタン類は、ダイの小孔から水流中に吐出される際の樹脂粒子の発泡を抑制しやすいので好適に用いられる。ポリスチレン系樹脂に含有させる前記発泡剤の量は、ポリスチレン系樹脂100質量部に対し、3〜10質量部の範囲であり、より好ましくは4〜7質量部の範囲である。   In the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, the foaming agent is not particularly limited. For example, normal pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane, cyclopentadiene, etc. may be used alone or in admixture of two or more. Can do. Further, normal butane, isobutane, propane and the like can be mixed and used with the pentane as a main component. In particular, pentanes are preferably used because they easily suppress foaming of the resin particles when discharged into the water stream from the small holes of the die. The amount of the foaming agent contained in the polystyrene resin is in the range of 3 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably in the range of 4 to 7 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polystyrene resin.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、必要に応じて前記難燃剤及び発泡剤以外にも、発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造において一般的に使用されている他の添加剤、例えば、タルク、珪酸カルシウム、合成あるいは天然に産出される二酸化ケイ素、エチレンビスステアリン酸アミド、メタクリル酸エステル系共重合体等の発泡核剤、ジフェニルアルカン、ジフェニルアルケン等の難燃助剤、カーボンブラック、酸化鉄、グラファイト等の着色剤、フェノール系酸化防止剤、硫黄系酸化防止剤、リン系酸化防止剤等の酸化防止剤、ヒンダードアミン類等の安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、などの添加剤を、ポリスチレン系樹脂中に添加することができる。   The flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, if necessary, in addition to the flame retardant and the foaming agent, other additives generally used in the production of expandable polystyrene resin particles, for example, , Talc, calcium silicate, synthetic or naturally produced silicon dioxide, ethylene bis-stearic acid amide, foaming nucleating agent such as methacrylic acid ester copolymer, flame retardant aid such as diphenylalkane, diphenylalkene, carbon black, Additives such as colorants such as iron oxide and graphite, phenolic antioxidants, sulfur antioxidants, antioxidants such as phosphorus antioxidants, stabilizers such as hindered amines, UV absorbers, polystyrene, etc. It can be added to the resin.

図1に示す製造装置を用い、本発明の発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を製造するには、まず、原料のポリスチレン系樹脂、前記難燃剤、発泡核剤、必要に応じて添加される所望の添加剤を秤量し、原料供給ホッパー3から押出機1内に投入する。原料のポリスチレン系樹脂は、ペレット状や顆粒状にして事前に良く混合してから1つの原料供給ホッパーから投入してもよいし、あるいは例えば複数のロットを用いる場合は各ロットごとに供給量を調整した複数の原料供給ホッパーから投入し、押出機内でそれらを混合してもよい。また、複数のロットのリサイクル原料を組み合わせて使用する場合には、複数のロットの原料を事前に良く混合し、磁気選別や篩分け、比重選別、送風選別などの適当な選別手段により異物を除去しておくことが好ましい。   In order to produce the expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention using the production apparatus shown in FIG. 1, first, the raw material polystyrene resin, the flame retardant, the foam nucleating agent, and a desired addition that is added as necessary. The agent is weighed and charged into the extruder 1 from the raw material supply hopper 3. The raw polystyrene resin may be pelletized or granulated and mixed well in advance and then fed from one raw material supply hopper. For example, when multiple lots are used, the supply amount for each lot may be reduced. A plurality of adjusted raw material supply hoppers may be charged and mixed in an extruder. Also, when using a combination of recycled materials from multiple lots, mix the raw materials from multiple lots in advance and remove foreign matter using appropriate sorting methods such as magnetic sorting, sieving, specific gravity sorting, and air blowing sorting. It is preferable to keep it.

本発明の好ましい実施形態において、前記難燃剤を添加する場合、樹脂中に所定濃度で難燃剤を含むマスターバッチ材を用い、これをポリスチレン系樹脂とともに樹脂供給装置内に供給し、該装置内で溶融混練することが好ましい。樹脂中に所定濃度で前記難燃剤を含むマスターバッチ材を前記ポリスチレン系樹脂とともに樹脂供給装置内に供給し、該装置内で溶融混練することによって、難燃剤をより均一に樹脂粒子に含有させることができる。   In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the flame retardant is added, a masterbatch material containing a flame retardant at a predetermined concentration in the resin is used, and this is supplied into the resin supply apparatus together with the polystyrene-based resin. It is preferable to melt and knead. A master batch material containing the flame retardant at a predetermined concentration in the resin is supplied into the resin supply apparatus together with the polystyrene resin, and melt-kneaded in the apparatus so that the flame retardant is more uniformly contained in the resin particles. Can do.

押出機1内にポリスチレン系樹脂と難燃剤、さらに発泡助剤やその他の添加剤を供給後、樹脂を加熱溶融し、その難燃剤含有溶融樹脂をダイ2側に移送しながら、発泡剤供給口5から高圧ポンプ4によって発泡剤を圧入し、難燃剤含有溶融樹脂に発泡剤を混合し、押出機1内に必要に応じて設けられる異物除去用のスクリーンを通して、溶融物をさらに混練しながら先端側に移動させ、発泡剤を添加した溶融物を押出機1の先端に付設したダイ2の小孔から押し出す。   After supplying polystyrene-based resin and flame retardant, further foaming aid and other additives into the extruder 1, the resin is heated and melted, and the flame retardant-containing molten resin is transferred to the die 2 side while supplying the foaming agent supply port. The foaming agent is press-fitted with a high-pressure pump 4 from 5, the foaming agent is mixed with the flame retardant-containing molten resin, and the melt is further kneaded through a foreign matter removing screen provided in the extruder 1 as necessary. The melted material added with the blowing agent is pushed out from the small hole of the die 2 attached to the tip of the extruder 1.

ダイ2の小孔が穿設された樹脂吐出面は、室内に冷却水が循環供給されるカッティング室7内に配置され、且つカッティング室7内には、ダイ2の小孔から押し出された樹脂を切断できるようにカッター6が回転可能に設けられている。発泡剤添加済みの溶融物を押出機1の先端に付設したダイ2の小孔から押し出すと、溶融物は粒状に切断され、同時に冷却水と接触して急冷され、発泡が抑えられたまま固化して難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子となる。   The resin discharge surface in which the small holes of the die 2 are drilled is disposed in the cutting chamber 7 in which cooling water is circulated and supplied into the chamber, and the resin extruded from the small holes of the die 2 is placed in the cutting chamber 7. A cutter 6 is provided so as to be rotatable. Extruding the melt with the blowing agent added through a small hole in the die 2 attached to the tip of the extruder 1 causes the melt to be cut into granules, and at the same time, brought into contact with cooling water and rapidly cooled to solidify while suppressing foaming. It becomes a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle.

形成された難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、カッティング室7から冷却水の流れに同伴して固液分離機能付き脱水乾燥機10に運ばれ、ここで難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を冷却水と分離すると共に脱水乾燥する。乾燥された難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、貯留容器11に貯留される。   The formed flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles are transferred from the cutting chamber 7 to the dehydrating dryer 10 with a solid-liquid separation function accompanying the flow of cooling water, where the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles are used. Is separated from the cooling water and dehydrated and dried. The dried flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles are stored in the storage container 11.

前述したように製造された難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、難燃剤及び発泡剤を含有するポリスチレン系樹脂を粒子状としてなり、前記難燃剤は、分子内に臭素原子を有し、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内であり、前記発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の全体の難燃剤含有量(A)と、該樹脂粒子の表面の難燃剤含有量(B)との比(B/A)が0.8〜1.2の範囲内であることを特徴とする。   The flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles produced as described above are in the form of particles of a polystyrene resin containing a flame retardant and a foaming agent. The flame retardant has a bromine atom in the molecule, bromine The total content of the expandable polystyrene resin particles is less than 70% by mass, has a benzene ring in the molecule, and has a 5% by mass decomposition temperature of the flame retardant in the range of 200 to 300 ° C. The ratio (B / A) of the flame retardant content (A) to the flame retardant content (B) on the surface of the resin particles is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2.

本発明の難燃性発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、前述したように測定された樹脂粒子の全体の難燃剤含有量(A)と、樹脂粒子の表面の難燃剤含有量(B)との比(B/A)が0.8〜1.2の範囲内であることを特徴とする。
すなわち、本発明の難燃性発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、前記難燃剤が樹脂粒子内に均一に含有されている。本発明の難燃性発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子において、前記比(B/A)は、0.9〜1.1の範囲内であることがより好ましく、0.95〜1.05の範囲内であることがさらに好ましい。前記比(B/A)が0.8〜1.2の範囲を外れると、得られる難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の機械強度、成形性、外観及び難燃性が劣る恐れがある。
The flame-retardant expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention have a ratio between the total flame retardant content (A) of the resin particles measured as described above and the flame retardant content (B) on the surface of the resin particles. (B / A) is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2.
That is, in the flame-retardant foamable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, the flame retardant is uniformly contained in the resin particles. In the flame-retardant expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention, the ratio (B / A) is more preferably in the range of 0.9 to 1.1, and in the range of 0.95 to 1.05. More preferably. When the ratio (B / A) is out of the range of 0.8 to 1.2, the mechanical strength, moldability, appearance, and flame retardance of the obtained flame-retardant polystyrene resin foam molded article may be inferior.

本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子に用いる前記難燃剤は、環境や生物に対する安全性が高いものであり、特に、テトラブロモビスフェノールA誘導体は、ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体に添加した場合に十分な難燃性能を付与でき、環境や生物に対する安全性が高いので、種々の用途の難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の製造に用いることができる。
本発明の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、該樹脂粒子の全体の難燃剤含有量(A)と、該樹脂粒子の表面の難燃剤含有量(B)との比(B/A)が0.8〜1.2の範囲内であるものなので、樹脂粒子中に難燃剤が均一に存在しており、樹脂粒子中に難燃剤が不均一に存在しているものと比べ、得られる難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の機械強度が高くなり、成形性や外観にも優れた発泡成形体が得られる。
The flame retardant used in the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention is highly safe for the environment and living organisms. In particular, when the tetrabromobisphenol A derivative is added to a polystyrene resin foam molded article Since sufficient flame retardancy can be imparted to the environment and the safety to the environment and living organisms is high, it can be used for the production of flame retardant polystyrene resin foam molded articles for various applications.
The flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles of the present invention have a ratio (B / A) between the total flame retardant content (A) of the resin particles and the flame retardant content (B) on the surface of the resin particles. Is within the range of 0.8 to 1.2, so that the flame retardant is uniformly present in the resin particles, and can be obtained as compared with the flame retardant present non-uniformly in the resin particles. The mechanical strength of the flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molding is increased, and a foam molding having excellent moldability and appearance can be obtained.

前述した本発明に係る製造方法により得られた難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、発泡樹脂成形体の製造分野において周知の装置及び手法を用い、水蒸気加熱等により加熱して予備発泡し、難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子とする。この予備発泡粒子は、製造するべき発泡成形体の密度と同等の嵩密度となるように予備発泡される。本発明において、その嵩密度は限定されないが、通常は0.010〜0.033g/cmの範囲内とし、0.015〜0.025g/cmの範囲内とするのが好ましい。 The flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles obtained by the production method according to the present invention described above are pre-foamed by heating by steam heating or the like using a well-known apparatus and method in the production field of foamed resin molded articles, Let it be a flame-retardant polystyrene resin pre-expanded particle. The pre-expanded particles are pre-expanded so as to have a bulk density equivalent to the density of the foamed molded product to be manufactured. In the present invention, its bulk density is not limited, usually in the range of 0.010~0.033g / cm 3, preferably in the range of 0.015~0.025g / cm 3.

なお、本発明において難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子の嵩密度とは、次のようにして測定されたものをいう。
<予備発泡粒子の嵩密度と嵩発泡倍数>
先ず、難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子を測定試料としてWg採取し、この測定試料をメスシリンダー内に自然落下させた後、メスシリンダーの底をたたいて試料の見掛け体積(V)cmを一定にし、その質量と体積を測定し、下記式に基づいて難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子の嵩密度を測定する。
嵩密度(g/cm)=測定試料の質量(W)/測定試料の体積(V)
また、予備発泡粒子の嵩発泡倍数は次式により算出される数値である。
嵩発泡倍数(倍)=1/嵩密度(g/cm
In addition, in this invention, the bulk density of a flame-retardant polystyrene-type resin pre-expanded particle means what was measured as follows.
<Bulk density and bulk expansion ratio of pre-expanded particles>
First, Wg was sampled from flame-retardant polystyrene resin pre-expanded particles as a measurement sample, and this measurement sample was naturally dropped into a graduated cylinder, and then the bottom of the graduated cylinder was struck to make the apparent volume (V) cm 3 of the sample. And the mass and volume thereof are measured, and the bulk density of the flame-retardant polystyrene resin pre-expanded particles is measured based on the following formula.
Bulk density (g / cm 3 ) = mass of measurement sample (W) / volume of measurement sample (V)
The bulk expansion ratio of the pre-expanded particles is a numerical value calculated by the following formula.
Bulk foam multiple (times) = 1 / bulk density (g / cm 3 )

前記難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子は、発泡樹脂成形体の製造分野において周知の装置及び手法を用い、該予備発泡粒子を成形型のキャビティ内に充填し、水蒸気加熱等により加熱して型内発泡成形し、難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体を製造する。
本発明の難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の密度は特に限定されないが、通常は0.010〜0.033g/cmの範囲内とし、0.015〜0.025g/cmの範囲内とするのが好ましい。
The flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin pre-expanded particles are prepared by filling the pre-expanded particles in a cavity of a molding die using a well-known apparatus and technique in the field of manufacturing a foamed resin molding, and heating the mold by steam heating or the like. Inner foam molding is performed to produce a flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molding.
Although the density of the flame-retardant polystyrene resin foamed molded product of the present invention is not particularly limited, usually in the range of 0.010~0.033g / cm 3, within the scope of 0.015~0.025g / cm 3 Is preferable.

なお、本発明において難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体の密度とは、JIS K7122:1999「発泡プラスチック及びゴム−見掛け密度の測定」記載の方法で測定した密度のことである。
<発泡成形体の密度と発泡倍数>
50cm以上(半硬質および軟質材料の場合は100cm以上)の試験片を材料の元のセル構造を変えない様に切断し、その質量を測定し、次式により算出した。
密度(g/cm)=試験片質量(g)/試験片体積(cm
試験片状態調節、測定用試験片は、成形後72時間以上経過した試料から切り取り、23℃±2℃×50%±5%または27℃±2℃×65%±5%の雰囲気条件に16時間以上放置したものである。
また、発泡成形体の発泡倍数は次式により算出される数値である。
発泡倍数(倍)=1/密度(g/cm
In the present invention, the density of the flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article is a density measured by the method described in JIS K7122: 1999 “Measurement of foamed plastic and rubber-apparent density”.
<Density and expansion ratio of foamed molded product>
A test piece of 50 cm 3 or more (100 cm 3 or more in the case of semi-rigid and soft materials) was cut so as not to change the original cell structure of the material, its mass was measured, and calculated by the following formula.
Density (g / cm 3 ) = Test piece mass (g) / Test piece volume (cm 3 )
Test piece condition adjustment and measurement test pieces were cut out from samples that had passed 72 hours or more after molding, and were subjected to atmospheric conditions of 23 ° C. ± 2 ° C. × 50% ± 5% or 27 ° C. ± 2 ° C. × 65% ± 5%. It has been left for more than an hour.
Further, the expansion factor of the foamed molded product is a numerical value calculated by the following equation.
Foaming multiple (times) = 1 / density (g / cm 3 )

[実施例1]
(発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造)
基材樹脂としてポリスチレン樹脂(東洋スチレン社製、商品名「HRM−10N」)100質量部に対して、難燃剤としてテトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモ−2−メチルプロピルエーテル)(第一工業製薬社製)を50質量%含むポリスチレン樹脂マスターバッチ7質量部(難燃剤量で3.5質量部相当)、微粉末タルク0.3質量部を、予めタンブラーミキサーにて均一に混合したものを、時間当たり160kg/hrの割合で口径90mmの単軸押出機押出機内へ供給し、樹脂を加熱溶融させた後、発泡剤として樹脂100質量部に対して6質量部のイソペンタンを押出機途中より圧入した。そして、押出機内で樹脂と発泡剤を混練しつつ、押出機先端部での樹脂温度が190℃となるように冷却しながら、押出機に連接しヒーターにより320℃に保持した、直径0.6mm、ランド長さ3.0mmのノズルを200個有する造粒用ダイスを通して、30℃の冷却水が循環するチャンバー内に押し出すと同時に、円周方向に10枚の刃を有する高速回転カッターをダイスに密着させて、毎分3000回転で切断し、脱水乾燥して球形の発泡性ポリスチレン樹脂粒子を得た。得られた発泡性樹脂粒子は変形、ヒゲ等の発生もなく、平均粒径1.1mmであった。
得られた発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子100質量部に対して、ポリエチレングリコール0.03質量部、ステアリン酸亜鉛0.15質量部、ステアリン酸モノグリセライド0.05質量部、ヒドロキシステアリン酸トリグリセライド0.05質量部を発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の表面全面に均一に被覆した。
[Example 1]
(Manufacture of expandable styrene resin particles)
Tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether) as a flame retardant with respect to 100 parts by mass of a polystyrene resin (trade name “HRM-10N” manufactured by Toyo Styrene Co., Ltd.) as a base resin 7 parts by mass of a polystyrene resin masterbatch (made by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) containing 50% by mass (equivalent to 3.5 parts by mass of flame retardant) and 0.3 parts by mass of finely powdered talc are uniformly mixed in advance using a tumbler mixer. After being fed into a single screw extruder with a diameter of 90 mm at a rate of 160 kg / hr per hour, the resin is heated and melted, and then 6 parts by mass of isopentane is extruded with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin as a foaming agent. Press-fitted from the middle of the machine. Then, while kneading the resin and the foaming agent in the extruder, while cooling so that the resin temperature at the tip of the extruder is 190 ° C., it is connected to the extruder and held at 320 ° C. by a heater, diameter 0.6 mm Then, through a granulation die having 200 nozzles with a land length of 3.0 mm, it is extruded into a chamber in which cooling water at 30 ° C. circulates, and at the same time, a high-speed rotary cutter having 10 blades in the circumferential direction is used as the die Adhered, cut at 3000 rpm, dehydrated and dried to obtain spherical expandable polystyrene resin particles. The obtained expandable resin particles had no average deformation and no whisker, and had an average particle size of 1.1 mm.
Polyethylene glycol 0.03 parts by mass, zinc stearate 0.15 parts by mass, stearic acid monoglyceride 0.05 parts by mass, hydroxystearic acid triglyceride 0.05 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the obtained expandable polystyrene resin particles. The part was uniformly coated on the entire surface of the expandable polystyrene resin particles.

(発泡成形体の製造)
前記の通り製造した発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子は、15℃の保冷庫中に入れ、72時間に亘って放置した後、円筒型バッチ式予備発泡機に供給して、吹き込み圧0.05MPaの水蒸気により加熱し、予備発泡粒子を得た。得られた予備発泡粒子は、嵩密度0.015g/cm3(嵩発泡倍数67倍)であった。続いて、得られた予備発泡粒子を室温雰囲気下、24時間に亘って放置した後、長さ400mm×幅300mm×高さ50mmの長方形状のキャビティを有する成形型内に予備発泡粒子を充填し、その後、成形型のキャビティ内を水蒸気でゲージ圧0.08MPaの圧力で20秒間に亘って加熱し、その後、成形型のキャビティ内の圧力が0.01MPaになるまで冷却し、その後成形型を開き、長さ400mm×幅300mm×高さ50mmの長方形状の発泡成形体を取り出した。 得られた発泡成形体は、密度0.015g/cm3(発泡倍数67倍)であった。
(Manufacture of foam moldings)
The expandable polystyrene resin particles produced as described above are placed in a 15 ° C. cool box and allowed to stand for 72 hours, and then supplied to a cylindrical batch type pre-foaming machine to generate steam with a blowing pressure of 0.05 MPa. To obtain pre-expanded particles. The obtained pre-expanded particles had a bulk density of 0.015 g / cm 3 (bulk foam multiple 67 times). Subsequently, the pre-expanded particles obtained were allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours, and then the pre-expanded particles were filled into a mold having a rectangular cavity of length 400 mm × width 300 mm × height 50 mm. Thereafter, the inside of the cavity of the mold is heated with water vapor at a gauge pressure of 0.08 MPa for 20 seconds, and then cooled until the pressure in the cavity of the mold reaches 0.01 MPa. Opened, a rectangular foam molded body having a length of 400 mm, a width of 300 mm, and a height of 50 mm was taken out. The obtained foamed molded product had a density of 0.015 g / cm3 (foaming factor: 67 times).

前述した通り製造した実施例1のポリスチレン系樹脂、発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子、予備発泡粒子及び発泡成形体について、以下の評価試験を行った。   The following evaluation tests were performed on the polystyrene-based resin, expandable polystyrene-based resin particles, pre-expanded particles, and foamed molded product of Example 1 produced as described above.

発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の全体と表面の難燃剤含有量を調べる方法としては、例えば、蛍光X線分析によって難燃剤分子中の臭素含有量を定量分析し、得られた値から次式より難燃剤含有量を算出する方法が挙げられる。
難燃剤含有量(質量%)=臭素元素含有量測定値×(難燃剤全体の分子量/難燃剤全体中の臭素元素量)
発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の全体の難燃剤含有量(A)と、該樹脂粒子の表面の難燃剤含有量(B)との比(B/A)の測定方法を以下に述べる。
As a method of examining the flame retardant content of the entire expandable polystyrene resin particles and the surface, for example, quantitative analysis of bromine content in the flame retardant molecule by fluorescent X-ray analysis, and from the obtained value, There is a method for calculating the content of the fuel.
Flame retardant content (% by mass) = Measured value of bromine content × (Molecular weight of the entire flame retardant / Amount of bromine in the entire flame retardant)
A method for measuring the ratio (B / A) of the total flame retardant content (A) of the expandable polystyrene resin particles and the flame retardant content (B) on the surface of the resin particles will be described below.

<難燃剤含有量(A)と(B)、及びその比(B/A)の測定>
得られたポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体を50℃で24時間乾燥後、図2に示すように、ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体21から得られた試料樹脂2gを温度190℃にて熱プレスして35mmφのタブレットを作製する。このタブレットの質量を測定後、坪量を算出し、バランス成分をPSにし、臭素量を蛍光X線分析法によりオーダー分析にて樹脂中の臭素含有量を算出する。得られた臭素含有量から次式により難燃剤含有量を算出し、樹脂粒子の全体の難燃剤含有量(A)とした。
難燃剤含有量(質量%)=臭素元素含有量測定値×(難燃剤全体の分子量/難燃剤全体中の臭素元素量)
次に、図2に示すように、発泡成形体表皮部22をハムスライサー(富士島工機製:FK−18N型)を用いて厚み0.3mmでカットし、発泡成形体表皮部22から得られた試料樹脂2gを温度190℃にて熱プレスして35mmφのタブレットを作製する。このタブレットの質量を測定後、坪量を算出し、バランス成分をPSにし、臭素量を蛍光X線分析法によりオーダー分析にて樹脂中の臭素含有量を算出する。得られた臭素含有量から次式により難燃剤含有量を算出し、樹脂粒子の表面の難燃剤含有量(B)とした。
難燃剤含有量(質量%)=臭素元素含有量測定値×(難燃剤全体の分子量/難燃剤全体中の臭素元素量)
分析に用いる機器、測定条件は以下の通り。
測定装置:リガク社製 蛍光X線分析装置 RIX−2100
X線管 :縦型Rh/Cr管(3/2.4kW)
分析径 :30mmφ
スリット:標準
分光結晶:LiF
検出器 :SC
測定モード:定性分析(FP薄膜法−BrPS30−バランス成分C8H8)
上記により求められた難燃剤含有量(B)を難燃剤含有量(A)で除すことにより、(A)と(B)との比(B/A)を算出した。
測定試料とするポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体21の密度は、0.02g/cm(発泡倍数50倍)とした。なお、発泡性不良により成形体21の密度が0.02g/cm未満の場合は最低密度となる成形体21をもって測定試料とした。
<Measurement of flame retardant content (A) and (B) and its ratio (B / A)>
After drying the obtained polystyrene resin foam molding at 50 ° C. for 24 hours, as shown in FIG. 2, 2 g of the sample resin obtained from the polystyrene resin foam molding 21 was hot-pressed at a temperature of 190 ° C. to obtain 35 mmφ. Make a tablet. After measuring the mass of the tablet, the basis weight is calculated, the balance component is set to PS, and the bromine content in the resin is calculated by order analysis of the bromine content by fluorescent X-ray analysis. The flame retardant content was calculated from the bromine content obtained by the following formula, and was defined as the total flame retardant content (A) of the resin particles.
Flame retardant content (% by mass) = Measured value of bromine content × (Molecular weight of the entire flame retardant / Amount of bromine in the entire flame retardant)
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the foam-molded body skin portion 22 is cut with a thickness of 0.3 mm using a ham slicer (Fujishima Koki: FK-18N type), and obtained from the foam-molded body skin portion 22. 2 g of the sample resin was hot-pressed at a temperature of 190 ° C. to produce a 35 mmφ tablet. After measuring the mass of the tablet, the basis weight is calculated, the balance component is set to PS, and the bromine content in the resin is calculated by order analysis of the bromine content by fluorescent X-ray analysis. The flame retardant content was calculated from the bromine content obtained according to the following formula, and was defined as the flame retardant content (B) on the surface of the resin particles.
Flame retardant content (% by mass) = Measured value of bromine content × (Molecular weight of the entire flame retardant / Amount of bromine in the entire flame retardant)
The equipment and measurement conditions used for analysis are as follows.
Measuring device: Rigaku Corporation X-ray fluorescence analyzer RIX-2100
X-ray tube: Vertical Rh / Cr tube (3 / 2.4 kW)
Analysis diameter: 30mmφ
Slit: Standard spectral crystal: LiF
Detector: SC
Measurement mode: Qualitative analysis (FP thin film method-BrPS30-balance component C8H8)
The ratio (B / A) between (A) and (B) was calculated by dividing the flame retardant content (B) determined above by the flame retardant content (A).
The density of the polystyrene-based resin foam molding 21 used as a measurement sample was 0.02 g / cm 3 (50 times the expansion factor). When the density of the molded body 21 was less than 0.02 g / cm 3 due to poor foaming properties, the molded body 21 having the lowest density was used as a measurement sample.

<ビーズ発泡性の評価>
実施例(及び比較例)で得られた発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を15℃の保冷庫に72時間保管した後、これを円筒型バッチ式予備発泡機に供給して、吹き込み蒸気圧0.05MPaの水蒸気により2分間に亘って加熱し、得られた予備発泡粒子の嵩発泡倍数を下記の通り測定し、次の評価基準:
嵩発泡倍数60倍以上を○、
嵩発泡倍数50倍以上60倍未満を△、
嵩発泡倍数50倍未満を×、に照らし、ビーズ発泡性の評価を行った。
<Evaluation of bead foamability>
After the expandable polystyrene resin particles obtained in the examples (and comparative examples) were stored in a 15 ° C. cool box for 72 hours, this was supplied to a cylindrical batch type pre-foaming machine, and the blowing vapor pressure was 0.05 MPa. The pre-expanded particles obtained were heated for 2 minutes with water vapor and the bulk expansion ratio of the pre-expanded particles was measured as follows, and the following evaluation criteria:
The bulk foaming factor is 60 times or more.
A bulk foaming factor of 50 times or more and less than 60 times is Δ,
The bead foaming property was evaluated by illuminating a bulk foaming factor of less than 50 times with x.

<発泡体の外観評価>
上記ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子を発泡成形機の金型に充填し、水蒸気を用いて二次発泡させることによって長さ400mm、幅300mm、厚み50mmの直方体状の発泡成形体を得た。
発泡成形体の外観を目視観察し、下記の基準に基づいて評価をした。
◎(極めて良):発泡粒子間の間隙がなく、表面が極めて平滑な状態である。
○(良):発泡粒子間の間隙がなく、表面が平滑な状態である。
△(やや良):発泡粒子間の間隙が少なく、表面の平滑が少し劣る。
×(不良):発泡粒子間の間隙が大きく、表面の平滑がかなり劣る。
<Appearance evaluation of foam>
The polystyrene resin pre-expanded particles were filled into a mold of a foam molding machine and subjected to secondary foaming using water vapor to obtain a rectangular foam-shaped foam molded body having a length of 400 mm, a width of 300 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm.
The appearance of the foamed molded product was visually observed and evaluated based on the following criteria.
A (very good): There is no gap between the expanded particles, and the surface is very smooth.
○ (good): There is no gap between the expanded particles, and the surface is smooth.
Δ (slightly good): There are few gaps between the expanded particles, and the surface smoothness is slightly inferior.
X (Poor): The gap between the expanded particles is large, and the smoothness of the surface is considerably inferior.

<難燃性>
JIS A 9511:1995「発泡プラスチック保温材」測定方法A記載の方法で測定した。
試験片は、発泡成形体試料から厚さ10mm長さ200mm幅25mmを5個切り出し、規定の着火限界指示線及び燃焼限界指示線を付ける。試験片を火源用ろうそくで着火限界指示線まで燃焼させた後、炎を後退させ、その瞬間から炎が消えるまでの時間(秒)を測定し、下記の基準で難燃性を判断した。
○・・・5個の試験片すべてについて炎が3秒以内に消えると共に残塵がなく、燃焼限界指示線を越えて燃焼しなかった。
×・・・○の基準を満たさない、または自消性がなかった。
<Flame retardance>
It was measured by the method described in JIS A 9511: 1995 “Foamed plastic heat insulating material” measuring method A.
For the test piece, 5 pieces of 10 mm thickness, 200 mm length and 25 mm width are cut out from the foamed molded body sample, and a prescribed ignition limit instruction line and combustion limit instruction line are attached. After the test piece was burned to the ignition limit indicator line with a candle for a fire source, the flame was retreated, the time (seconds) from the moment to the extinguishing of the flame was measured, and the flame retardance was judged according to the following criteria.
○: Flames disappeared within 3 seconds for all five test pieces, and there was no residual dust.
× ・ ・ ・ Not satisfying the criteria of ○ or not self-extinguishing.

<総合評価>
前記<ビーズ発泡性の評価>、<難燃性の評価>及び<発泡成形体の外観評価>の各評価項目について、不良(×)が無いものを良(○)とし、1つ以上不良(×)が有るものを不良(×)として総合評価した。
<Comprehensive evaluation>
Regarding each of the evaluation items of <Bead Foaming Evaluation>, <Flame Retardancy Evaluation>, and <Foam Molded Body Appearance Evaluation> Those having x) were comprehensively evaluated as defective (x).

<難燃剤の分解温度の測定>
難燃剤を20mg採取して試料とし、示差熱・熱量同時測定装置 TG/DTA 300型(セイコー電子工業社製)を用いて、窒素ガス量30ミリリットル/分、加熱温度10℃/分、測定温度30〜800℃の条件下にて試料の質量減少率を測定し、縦軸に試料の質量減少率を、横軸に温度をとったグラフを得る。そして、得られたグラフに基づいて、試料の質量減少率が5%に達した時の温度を5質量%分解温度とした。
<Measurement of flame retardant decomposition temperature>
20 mg of flame retardant was sampled and used as a sample, using a differential heat and calorie simultaneous measurement device TG / DTA 300 (Seiko Electronics Co., Ltd.), nitrogen gas amount 30 ml / min, heating temperature 10 ° C./min, measurement temperature The mass reduction rate of the sample is measured under the conditions of 30 to 800 ° C., and a graph is obtained with the mass reduction rate of the sample on the vertical axis and the temperature on the horizontal axis. And based on the obtained graph, the temperature when the mass reduction rate of the sample reached 5% was defined as a 5 mass% decomposition temperature.

[実施例2]
難燃剤として、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)(第一工業製薬社製)を同量用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡倍数67倍の発泡成形体を製造した。
[Example 2]
As the flame retardant, foam molding with an expansion ratio of 67 times was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same amount of tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether) (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was used. The body was manufactured.

[実施例3]
難燃剤として、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(アリルエーテル)(第一工業製薬社製)を同量用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡倍数67倍の発泡成形体を製造した。
[Example 3]
A foamed molded article having a foam expansion factor of 67 times was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same amount of tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (allyl ether) (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was used as the flame retardant.

[実施例4]
難燃剤として、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)3.2質量部、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(アリルエーテル)0.3質量部を混合して用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡倍数67倍の発泡成形体を製造した。
[Example 4]
Except that 3.2 parts by mass of tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether) and 0.3 parts by mass of tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (allyl ether) were used as flame retardants, In the same manner as in Example 1, a foamed molded article having a foam multiple of 67 times was produced.

[比較例1]
難燃剤として、ヘキサブロモシクロドデカン(第一工業製薬社製)を同量用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡成形体を製造した。
[Comparative Example 1]
A foamed molded article was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same amount of hexabromocyclododecane (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was used as the flame retardant.

[比較例2]
難燃剤として、トリス−(2,3−ジブロモプロピル)イソシアヌレート(日本化成社製)を同量用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡成形体を製造した。
[Comparative Example 2]
A foamed molded article was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same amount of tris- (2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (Nihon Kasei Co., Ltd.) was used as the flame retardant.

[比較例3]
難燃剤として、ペンタブロモベンジルアクリレート(第一工業製薬社製)を同量用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡成形体を製造した。
[Comparative Example 3]
A foamed molded article was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same amount of pentabromobenzyl acrylate (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was used as the flame retardant.

[比較例4]
難燃剤として、トリス(トリブロモネオペンチル)フォスフェート(大八化学社製)を同量用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡成形体を製造した。
[Comparative Example 4]
A foamed molded article was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same amount of tris (tribromoneopentyl) phosphate (manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used as a flame retardant.

[比較例5]
発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法として下記に示す懸濁重合法により発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を得たこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして発泡倍数67倍の発泡成形体を製造した。
(懸濁重合法)
内容積100リットルの撹拌機付オートクレーブにリン酸三カルシウム(大平化学社製)120g、ドデシルベンゼンスルフォン酸ソーダ4g、過酸化ベンゾイル(純度75%)140g、t−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキシルモノカーボネート30g、イオン交換水40kg及びスチレン単量体40kgを投入した後、100rpmの撹拌下で溶解及び分散させて懸濁液を形成した。
引き続き、撹拌羽を100rpmで撹拌しながらオートクレーブ内の温度を90℃まで昇温した後、90℃で6時間保持した。
その後、さらにオートクレーブ内の温度を120℃まで昇温し、120℃で2時間保持した後、オートクレーブ内の温度を25℃まで冷却し、オートクレーブから内容物を取り出し、脱水・乾燥・分級して粒子径が0.6〜0.85mmで重量平均分子量が30万のスチレン系樹脂粒子を得た。
次いで、100リットルの撹拌機付オートクレーブに純水30kg、ドデシルベンゼンスルフォン酸ソーダ4g、ピロリン酸マグネシウム100gを入れ、さらに前記記載の粒子径0.60〜0.85mmで重量平均分子量が30万のポリスチレン核粒子11kgを加えて120rpmで撹拌し液中に分散させた。
次いで、予め用意しておいた乳濁液を75℃に保持した反応器に添加した。この乳濁液は、純水6kg、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ2g、ピロリン酸マグネシウム20gの分散液に、重合開始剤の過酸化ベンゾイル(純度75%)88g、t−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキシルモノカーボネート50gを溶解したスチレン5kgを加え、ホモミキサーで撹拌して乳濁化させたものである。その後、スチレン系樹脂粒子中にスチレンと重合開始剤とがよく吸収されるように30分間保持し、その後スチレン28kgを160分かけてオートクレーブ内を75℃から108℃まで0.2℃/分で昇温しながら連続的に滴下した。 次に、スチレンの滴下が終了してから20分後に、1℃/分の割合で120℃まで昇温し、90分間保持してシード重合によりポリスチレン粒子を得た。
温水2kg、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソーダ0.8gの分散液に、アジピン酸ジイソブチル(田岡化学工業社製、商品名:DI4A)308gを加え、ホモミキサーで撹拌して乳濁液を調製した。
その後1℃/分の割合で90℃までオートクレーブを冷却後、予め調製しておいた前記乳濁液を反応器に添加した。この乳濁液を添加してから30分後に、難燃剤としてテトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモ−2−メチルプロピルエーテル)(第一工業製薬社製)1540gを添加後、密閉し、発泡剤としてペンタン(イソペンタン/ノルマルペンタン=20/80)3520gを窒素加圧してオートクレーブ内に30分間で圧入し、その状態で3時間保持した後、オートクレーブ内の温度を25℃まで冷却し、オートクレーブから内容物を取り出し、脱水・乾燥・分級して粒子径が0.85〜1.2mmで重量平均分子量が30万の発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を得た。
[Comparative Example 5]
A foamed molded article having a foam expansion ratio of 67 times was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that foamable polystyrene resin particles were obtained by the suspension polymerization method shown below as a method for producing foamable styrene resin particles.
(Suspension polymerization method)
In an autoclave with a stirrer having an internal volume of 100 liters, 120 g of tricalcium phosphate (manufactured by Ohira Chemical Co., Ltd.), 4 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 140 g of benzoyl peroxide (purity 75%), t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl monocarbonate 30 g, 40 kg of ion-exchanged water and 40 kg of styrene monomer were added, and then dissolved and dispersed under stirring at 100 rpm to form a suspension.
Subsequently, the temperature in the autoclave was raised to 90 ° C. while stirring the stirring blade at 100 rpm, and then held at 90 ° C. for 6 hours.
After that, the temperature inside the autoclave is further raised to 120 ° C. and held at 120 ° C. for 2 hours, then the temperature inside the autoclave is cooled to 25 ° C., the contents are taken out from the autoclave, dehydrated, dried and classified. Styrenic resin particles having a diameter of 0.6 to 0.85 mm and a weight average molecular weight of 300,000 were obtained.
Next, 30 kg of pure water, 4 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 100 g of magnesium pyrophosphate are placed in a 100 liter autoclave equipped with a stirrer, and polystyrene having a particle size of 0.60 to 0.85 mm and a weight average molecular weight of 300,000 as described above. 11 kg of core particles were added and stirred at 120 rpm and dispersed in the liquid.
The previously prepared emulsion was then added to the reactor maintained at 75 ° C. This emulsion was prepared by dispersing 88 kg of benzoyl peroxide (purity 75%) as a polymerization initiator in a dispersion of 6 kg of pure water, 2 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 20 g of magnesium pyrophosphate, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl mono 5 kg of styrene in which 50 g of carbonate was dissolved was added, and the mixture was stirred and emulsified with a homomixer. Thereafter, the styrene resin particles are held for 30 minutes so that the styrene and the polymerization initiator are well absorbed, and then 28 kg of styrene is added to the inside of the autoclave at 0.2 ° C./min from 75 ° C. to 108 ° C. over 160 minutes. It was dripped continuously while raising the temperature. Next, 20 minutes after the completion of dropping of styrene, the temperature was raised to 120 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C./min, and maintained for 90 minutes to obtain polystyrene particles by seed polymerization.
To a dispersion of 2 kg of warm water and 0.8 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 308 g of diisobutyl adipate (manufactured by Taoka Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: DI4A) was added and stirred with a homomixer to prepare an emulsion.
Thereafter, the autoclave was cooled to 90 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C./min, and the previously prepared emulsion was added to the reactor. Thirty minutes after the addition of this emulsion, 1540 g of tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether) (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was added as a flame retardant and sealed. Then, 3520 g of pentane (isopentane / normal pentane = 20/80) as a foaming agent was pressurized with nitrogen and pressed into the autoclave for 30 minutes, held in that state for 3 hours, and then the temperature in the autoclave was cooled to 25 ° C. The contents were taken out from the autoclave, dehydrated, dried and classified to obtain expandable polystyrene resin particles having a particle size of 0.85 to 1.2 mm and a weight average molecular weight of 300,000.

[比較例6]
難燃剤として、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(アリルエーテル)(第一工業製薬社製)を同量用いたこと以外は、比較例5と同様にして発泡倍数67倍の発泡成形体を製造した。
[Comparative Example 6]
A foamed molded article having a foam expansion ratio of 67 times was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 5, except that the same amount of tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (allyl ether) (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was used as the flame retardant.

前記実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜6で用いた難燃剤の臭素分含有量、難燃剤分子中ベンゼン環の有無、5質量%分解温度を表1にまとめて記す。
また、前記実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜6の測定・評価結果を表2にまとめて記す。
Table 1 summarizes the bromine content of the flame retardants used in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, the presence or absence of a benzene ring in the flame retardant molecule, and the 5 mass% decomposition temperature.
The measurement and evaluation results of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 are collectively shown in Table 2.

Figure 2011093947
Figure 2011093947

Figure 2011093947
Figure 2011093947

表1,2の結果より、実施例分子内に臭素原子を有し、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内である難燃剤A〜Cを用いた、本発明に係る実施例1〜4は、ビーズ発泡性、難燃性及び発泡体の外観がいずれも良好であった。
一方、臭素分含有量が75質量%と多く、分子中にベンゼン環の無い難燃剤Dを用いた比較例1は、ビーズ発泡性が不良となり、発泡体の外観もやや劣っていた。
また、分子中にベンゼン環の無い難燃剤Eを用いた比較例2は、ビーズ発泡性が不良となり、発泡体の外観も不良となった。
また、臭素分含有量が75質量%と多く、5質量%分解温度が300℃を超える難燃剤Fを用いた比較例3は、ビーズ発泡性がやや不良であり、難燃性が不良であり、発泡体の外観がやや不良となった。
また、臭素分含有量が75質量%と多く、分子中にベンゼン環が無く、5質量%分解温度が300℃を超える難燃剤Gを用いた比較例4は、ビーズ発泡性、難燃性、発泡体の外観のいずれも不良となった。
また、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内である難燃剤A、Cをポリスチレン樹脂粒子に含浸させる方法を用いた比較例5、6は、難燃性及び発泡体の外観がいずれも不良であった。
From the results of Tables 1 and 2, the examples have bromine atoms in the molecule, the bromine content is less than 70% by mass, the molecule has a benzene ring, and the flame retardant has a 5% by mass decomposition temperature. In Examples 1-4 according to the present invention using flame retardants A to C in the range of 200 to 300 ° C., the bead foamability, flame retardancy, and the appearance of the foam were all good.
On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 using the flame retardant D having a high bromine content of 75% by mass and having no benzene ring in the molecule had poor bead foaming properties, and the appearance of the foam was slightly inferior.
Moreover, the comparative example 2 using the flame retardant E which does not have a benzene ring in the molecule had poor bead foaming properties, and the foam had poor appearance.
Further, Comparative Example 3 using the flame retardant F having a high bromine content of 75% by mass and a 5% by mass decomposition temperature exceeding 300 ° C. has a slightly poor bead foaming property and poor flame retardancy. The appearance of the foam was slightly poor.
Comparative Example 4 using a flame retardant G having a high bromine content of 75% by mass, no benzene ring in the molecule and a 5% by mass decomposition temperature exceeding 300 ° C. All of the foam appearances were poor.
Further, flame retardants A and C having a bromine content of less than 70% by mass, having a benzene ring in the molecule, and having a 5% by mass decomposition temperature of the flame retardant within a range of 200 to 300 ° C. are polystyrene. In Comparative Examples 5 and 6 using the method of impregnating the resin particles, the flame retardancy and the appearance of the foam were both poor.

本発明は、環境や生物に対する安全性が高い難燃剤を用いて十分な難燃性能を有し、機械強度・成形性・外観にも優れた難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体、該成形体の製造に用いる難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子とその製造方法に関する。本発明の難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体は、難燃性が要求される発泡成形体、例えば、建材用用途、自動車用内装材などにおいて好適に使用される。   The present invention relates to a flame-retardant polystyrene resin foam molded article having sufficient flame retardancy using a flame retardant having high safety to the environment and living organisms and excellent in mechanical strength, moldability and appearance, and the molded article TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle used in the production of a resin and a production method thereof. The flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article of the present invention is suitably used in a foam molded article that requires flame retardancy, such as a building material application and an automobile interior material.

1…押出機(樹脂供給装置)、2…ダイ、3…原料供給ホッパー、4…高圧ポンプ、5…発泡剤供給口、6…カッター、7…カッティング室、8…水槽、9…高圧ポンプ、10…固液分離機能付き脱水乾燥機、11…貯留容器、21…ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体、22…成形体表皮部。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Extruder (resin supply apparatus), 2 ... Die, 3 ... Raw material supply hopper, 4 ... High pressure pump, 5 ... Foam supply port, 6 ... Cutter, 7 ... Cutting chamber, 8 ... Water tank, 9 ... High pressure pump, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Dehydration dryer with a solid-liquid separation function, 11 ... Storage container, 21 ... Polystyrene-type resin foam molding, 22 ... Molded body skin part.

Claims (10)

難燃剤及び発泡剤を含有するポリスチレン系樹脂を粒子状としてなる難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子であって、
前記難燃剤は、分子内に臭素原子を有し、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内であり、
前記発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の全体の難燃剤含有量(A)と、該樹脂粒子の表面の難燃剤含有量(B)との比(B/A)が0.8〜1.2の範囲内であることを特徴とする難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子。
A flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle in which a polystyrene resin containing a flame retardant and a foaming agent is in the form of particles,
The flame retardant has a bromine atom in the molecule, a bromine content of less than 70% by mass, a benzene ring in the molecule, and a 5% by mass decomposition temperature of the flame retardant of 200 to 300 ° C. Within the range of
The ratio (B / A) of the total flame retardant content (A) of the expandable polystyrene resin particles to the flame retardant content (B) on the surface of the resin particles is in the range of 0.8 to 1.2. A flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle characterized by being inside.
樹脂供給装置内でポリスチレン系樹脂に難燃剤及び発泡剤を添加、混練し、難燃剤・発泡剤含有の溶融樹脂を樹脂供給装置先端に付設されたダイの小孔から直接冷却用液体中に押し出し、押し出すと同時に押出物を切断するとともに、押出物を液体との接触により冷却固化して難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を得る溶融押出法により得られたものである請求項1に記載の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子。   A flame retardant and foaming agent are added to and kneaded with polystyrene resin in the resin supply device, and the molten resin containing the flame retardant / foaming agent is extruded directly into the cooling liquid through a small hole in the die attached to the tip of the resin supply device. The extruded product is cut at the same time as being extruded, and is obtained by a melt extrusion method in which the extruded product is cooled and solidified by contact with a liquid to obtain flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles. Flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles. 前記難燃剤が、テトラブロモビスフェノールAまたはその誘導体からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である請求項1又は2に記載の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子。   The flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flame retardant is one or more selected from the group consisting of tetrabromobisphenol A or a derivative thereof. 前記難燃剤が、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモ−2−メチルプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(アリルエーテル)からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である請求項3に記載の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子。   The flame retardant is tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (allyl ether) The flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles according to claim 3, which are one or more selected from the group consisting of: 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を加熱して得られた難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子。   Flame-retardant polystyrene resin pre-expanded particles obtained by heating the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 請求項5に記載の難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子を成形型のキャビティ内に充填して加熱、発泡させて得られた難燃性ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体。   A flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin foam molded article obtained by filling the flame-retardant polystyrene-based resin pre-expanded particles according to claim 5 into a cavity of a mold and heating and foaming. 樹脂供給装置内でポリスチレン系樹脂に、分子内に臭素原子を有し、臭素分含有量が70質量%未満であり、分子内にベンゼン環を有し、且つ該難燃剤の5質量%分解温度が200〜300℃の範囲内である難燃剤及び発泡剤を添加、混練し、難燃剤・発泡剤含有の溶融樹脂を樹脂供給装置先端に付設されたダイの小孔から直接冷却用液体中に押し出し、押し出すと同時に押出物を切断するとともに、押出物を液体との接触により冷却固化して請求項1に記載の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子を得ることを特徴とする難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法。   In the resin feeder, the polystyrene-based resin has a bromine atom in the molecule, a bromine content of less than 70% by mass, a benzene ring in the molecule, and a 5% by mass decomposition temperature of the flame retardant. Add and knead the flame retardant and foaming agent in the range of 200 to 300 ° C., and add the flame retardant / foaming agent-containing molten resin directly into the cooling liquid from the small hole of the die attached to the tip of the resin feeder A flame retardant-containing foam, characterized in that the extrudate is extruded and cut simultaneously with extrusion, and the extrudate is cooled and solidified by contact with a liquid to obtain the flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles according to claim 1. For producing conductive polystyrene resin particles. 前記難燃剤が、テトラブロモビスフェノールAまたはその誘導体からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である請求項7に記載の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法。   The method for producing flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particles according to claim 7, wherein the flame retardant is one or more selected from the group consisting of tetrabromobisphenol A or a derivative thereof. 前記難燃剤が、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモ−2−メチルプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロモビスフェノールA−ビス(アリルエーテル)からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である請求項8に記載の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法。   The flame retardant is tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis (allyl ether) The method for producing a flame retardant-containing expandable polystyrene resin particle according to claim 8, which is one or more selected from the group consisting of: 樹脂中に所定濃度で前記難燃剤を含むマスターバッチ材を前記ポリスチレン系樹脂とともに樹脂供給装置内に供給し、該装置内で溶融混練する請求項7〜9のいずれか1項に記載の難燃剤含有発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法。   The flame retardant according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein a master batch material containing the flame retardant at a predetermined concentration in a resin is supplied into the resin supply apparatus together with the polystyrene resin, and is melt-kneaded in the apparatus. A method for producing the containing expandable polystyrene resin particles.
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