JP2011072904A - Solid-liquid separator and water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Solid-liquid separator and water treatment apparatus Download PDF

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JP2011072904A
JP2011072904A JP2009226559A JP2009226559A JP2011072904A JP 2011072904 A JP2011072904 A JP 2011072904A JP 2009226559 A JP2009226559 A JP 2009226559A JP 2009226559 A JP2009226559 A JP 2009226559A JP 2011072904 A JP2011072904 A JP 2011072904A
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water tank
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liquid separation
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JP5193151B2 (en
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Koshiro Nakajima
古史郎 中島
Kunihiro Ogiwara
国宏 荻原
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid-liquid separator requiring no pressurizing pump, simple in structure, obtainable at low cost, and having high solid-liquid separation capacity for solid particles of fine particle sizes, and a water treatment apparatus having the same. <P>SOLUTION: A water tank body 11 has an inner structure wherein polluted water is sent into the cylindrical water tank body 11 from a water tank inflow port 22 along the inner wall face of the water tank 11 and the solid particles in the polluted water are collected to the center of the water tank body 11 and settled, and the inflow polluted water is raised at a roughly constant speed until immediately before it passes through a space S between an upflow preventing plate 4 and the water tank body 11, and a part of the upflow is changed to a downflow by the upflow preventing plate 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、固体粒子を汚濁成分として含む汚濁水から固体粒子を分離除去する固液分離装置及び該固液分離装置を備える水処理装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a solid-liquid separation device that separates and removes solid particles from contaminated water containing solid particles as a contaminant component, and a water treatment device including the solid-liquid separation device.

従来、排水浄化の前処理装置として、沈降槽に貯留した汚濁水中の汚濁成分を重力で沈降させる技術、又は流体を加圧して流速を上げ遠心力で汚濁水から汚濁成分を分離する液体サイクロン技術などが存在する。   Conventionally, as a pretreatment device for wastewater purification, the technology that sediments the pollutant in the polluted water stored in the sedimentation tank by gravity, or the liquid cyclone technology that pressurizes the fluid to increase the flow rate and separate the polluted component from the polluted water by centrifugal force Etc. exist.

しかし、沈降槽を用いた技術にあっては、沈降槽の大きさに応じて固液分離能力が向上するため、狭小な空間に設置可能な小型装置では、高い分離能力を発揮させることができないという問題を有している。また、従来の液体サイクロン技術にあっては、沈降槽を用いた技術よりも高い分離能力を発揮させることができるが、気体中と比較して水中では粘性力が大きくなるので加圧ポンプ及び除去用ストレーナなどの付帯設備を設ける必要があり、コストが高騰するという問題を有している。   However, in the technology using a sedimentation tank, the solid-liquid separation capability is improved according to the size of the sedimentation tank, so that a small apparatus that can be installed in a narrow space cannot exhibit high separation capability. Has the problem. In addition, the conventional hydrocyclone technology can exert a higher separation ability than the technology using a sedimentation tank, but the viscosity force becomes larger in water than in gas. It is necessary to provide ancillary equipment such as an industrial strainer, which has a problem that the cost increases.

かかる問題を解決するため、固体粒子を汚濁成分として含む汚濁水から固体粒子を分離除去する図９に示すような固液分離装置１００が既に提案されている。
この固液分離装置１００は、円筒状をした水槽本体１１１と、この水槽本体１１１に連設し、漏斗形状をするとともに、下端に固体粒子排出口を備えた水槽下端部１１２とを有する固液分離槽１１０と、一端が固液分離槽１１０外に突出し固体粒子を含む汚濁水入口１２１となり、他端が水槽本体１１１内に開放された水槽流入口１２２となり、汚濁水の入口から流入した汚濁水が水槽流入口１２２から水槽本体の内壁面の接線方向に沿いながら固液分離槽１１０内に流入するように設けられた汚濁水流入筒部１２０と、下端側が水槽本体外に突出し、上端側が水槽本体の中心軸に沿って設けられ、水槽本体の上部で上端が開口する垂直管部１３１を有する上澄み水排水管１３０と、外径が水槽本体１１１の内径より小径で、垂直管部１３１を囲むように鍔状に張り出し、水槽本体中央部分を流れる上昇流による固体粒子の上昇を抑止する取水盤１４０と倒円錐型整流体１４１、水平多孔盤１５０を備える固液分離装置が提案された（例えば、特許文献１）。 In order to solve such a problem, a solid-liquid separation device 100 as shown in FIG. 9 that separates and removes solid particles from contaminated water containing solid particles as a pollutant has already been proposed.
This solid-liquid separation device 100 has a cylindrical water tank main body 111, a water tank lower end part 112 which is connected to the water tank main body 111, has a funnel shape, and has a solid particle discharge port at the lower end. The separation tank 110 and one end protrudes out of the solid-liquid separation tank 110 and becomes a polluted water inlet 121 containing solid particles, and the other end becomes a water tank inlet 122 opened in the water tank body 111, and the polluted water flowing from the polluted water inlet The polluted water inflow cylinder part 120 provided so that water may flow into the solid-liquid separation tank 110 while flowing along the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the tank body from the tank inlet 122, the lower end side protrudes outside the tank body, and the upper end side A supernatant water drain pipe 130 having a vertical pipe portion 131 provided along the central axis of the aquarium body and having an upper end opened at the top of the aquarium body, and an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the aquarium body 111 and the vertical pipe portion 131. A solid-liquid separation device including a water intake board 140, an inverted conical rectifier 141, and a horizontal perforated board 150, which project in a bowl shape so as to surround and suppress the rise of solid particles due to the upward flow flowing in the central part of the water tank body, has been proposed ( For example, Patent Document 1).

実公平３−１７９５１号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-17951

しかしながら、上記固液分離装置１００の場合、砂礫から細砂のような粒径の大きな固体粒子においては十分にその効果を発揮するものであるが、微小粒径（１ｍｍ以下数１０ミクロン程度）のものにおいては、上昇流速の高まりと共に、固体粒子が流れに混入され、十分な固液分離能力が発揮できなくなるおそれがある。   However, in the case of the solid-liquid separation device 100, the solid particle having a large particle size such as gravel to fine sand is sufficiently effective, but the particle size is small (less than 1 mm and several tens of microns). In some cases, as the ascending flow rate increases, solid particles are mixed in the flow, and sufficient solid-liquid separation ability may not be exhibited.

そこで、発明者が、上記固液分離装置の場合、十分な固液分離能力が発揮できない理由を検討した結果、以下のような結論に到った。
すなわち、上記の固液分離装置１００の場合、図９に示すように、水槽流入口１２２から上方で水槽本体１１１の全高さＨに対し、下方から（１／２±１／８）Ｈの位置に、リング状に多孔盤１５０が設けられ、水槽流入口１２２から水槽本体１１１内に流入した汚濁水は、一部がこの多孔板１５０の小孔を通り水槽本体１１１の上方に上昇していくが、大部分は多孔板１５０の中央に形成された開口１５１を通り上昇していく。 Therefore, as a result of studying the reason why the solid-liquid separation device cannot exhibit sufficient solid-liquid separation capability, the inventors have reached the following conclusions.
That is, in the case of the solid-liquid separator 100 described above, as shown in FIG. 9, the position is (1/2 ± 1/8) H from below with respect to the total height H of the water tank body 111 above the water tank inlet 122. In addition, the perforated disk 150 is provided in a ring shape, and part of the contaminated water that has flowed into the water tank body 111 from the water tank inlet 122 passes above the small holes of the porous plate 150 and rises above the water tank body 111. However, most rises through the opening 151 formed in the center of the perforated plate 150.

したがって、水槽流入口１２２から水槽本体１１１に入り、ゆっくりと上昇する汚濁水の大部分が一旦中央に集まり速い上昇流となりながら、この開口１５１を通り水槽本体１１１の上部に向かって上昇していく。
そこで、固液分離装置１００では、上昇流の変化が大きくなるため、一旦中央付近に集まった粒子のうち、沈降速度の遅い粒子は、この速い上昇流によって、上方に巻き上げられてしまい、この巻き上げられた粒子が十分に沈降しない状態で、取水盤１４０を越えて、上澄み水排水管から外部に流れ出てしまう。 Therefore, most of the polluted water that slowly enters the water tank main body 111 from the water tank inlet 122 and gathers at the center once becomes a fast upward flow, and rises toward the upper part of the water tank main body 111 through this opening 151. .
Therefore, in the solid-liquid separation device 100, since the change in the upward flow becomes large, among the particles once gathered near the center, the particles having a slow sedimentation speed are wound upward by the fast upward flow, and this winding is performed. In a state where the generated particles do not settle sufficiently, the particles flow out of the supernatant water drain pipe beyond the intake plate 140.

本発明はかかる事情を鑑みてなされたものであり、加圧ポンプなどが不要で、構造が簡単であり、低コストで得られると共に、微小粒径の固体粒子に対する固液分離能力が高い固液分離装置及び該固液分離装置を備える水処理装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and does not require a pressure pump or the like, has a simple structure, can be obtained at low cost, and has a high solid-liquid separation capability for solid particles having a small particle size. It aims at providing a water treatment apparatus provided with a separation device and this solid-liquid separation device.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明にかかる固液分離装置は、横断面が円形をした水槽本体と、この水槽本体に連設し、漏斗形状をするとともに、下端に固体粒子排出口を備えた水槽下端部とを有する固液分離水槽と、一端が固液分離水槽外に突出し固体粒子を含む汚濁水の入口となり、他端が前記水槽本体内に開放された水槽流入口となり、前記汚濁水の入口から流入した汚濁水が水槽流入口から水槽本体の内壁面の接線方向に沿いながら固液分離水槽内に流入するように設けられた汚濁水流入筒部と、下端側が水槽本体外に突出し、前記水槽本体の中心軸に沿うように設けられ、水槽本体の上部で上端が開口する垂直管部を上端側に有する上澄み水排水管と、外径が水槽本体の内径より小径で、前記水槽流入口より上方で前記垂直管部を囲むように鍔状に張り出し、水槽本体中央部分を流れる上昇流による固体粒子の上昇を抑止する上昇流抑止板と、を備える固液分離装置であって、前記水槽本体の内部が、前記水槽流入口から水槽本体内に流入した汚濁水が前記上昇流抑止板と水槽本体との隙間を通過する直前まで略一定速度で上昇する構造に形成されているとともに、前記上昇流抑止板が上昇してきた上昇流の一部を下降流に変化させる形状に形成されていることを特徴としている。   In order to achieve the above object, a solid-liquid separation device according to the present invention includes a water tank body having a circular cross section, a funnel shape connected to the water tank body, and a solid particle discharge port at the lower end. A solid-liquid separation water tank having a lower end of the water tank, one end projecting out of the solid-liquid separation water tank and serving as an inlet for contaminated water containing solid particles, and the other end serving as a water tank inlet opened in the tank body, Contaminated water flowing in from the water inlet enters the solid-liquid separation water tank along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the tank body from the tank inlet, and the lower end side is outside the tank body. Projecting and provided along the central axis of the aquarium body, a supernatant water drain pipe having a vertical pipe portion at the upper end on the upper end of the aquarium body, and an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the aquarium body, The vertical pipe section above the tank inlet A solid-liquid separation device comprising an upward flow restraining plate that extends in a bowl shape and restrains solid particles from rising due to the upward flow flowing through the central portion of the water tank body, wherein the inside of the water tank body is from the water tank inlet Ascended water that has flowed into the main body of the water tank is formed in a structure that rises at a substantially constant speed until immediately before passing through the gap between the upper flow prevention board and the main body of the water tank, It is characterized in that it is formed in a shape that changes a part of it to a downward flow.

本発明の固液分離装置において、水槽流入口から水槽本体内に流入した汚濁水が前記上昇流抑止板と水槽本体との隙間を通過する直前まで略一定速度で上昇する構造としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、水槽本体を、水槽流入口から上昇流抑止板との間で、上昇速度が一旦上昇するような狭小部を設けない構造、前記垂直管部をその口径を変化させない構造などが挙げられる。
なお、上昇速度は、略一定であれば、特に限定されないが、固液分離を促進できることから、固体粒子の沈降速度とおよそ同じ或いはそれ以下の速度が好ましい。 In the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, the structure in which the contaminated water that has flowed into the water tank main body from the water tank inlet rises at a substantially constant speed until immediately before passing through the gap between the upward flow suppressing plate and the water tank main body is particularly limited. However, for example, there is a structure in which the water tank body is not provided with a narrow part where the rising speed is temporarily increased between the water tank inlet and the upward flow suppressing plate, a structure in which the diameter of the vertical pipe part is not changed, etc. Can be mentioned.
The rising speed is not particularly limited as long as it is substantially constant. However, since the solid-liquid separation can be promoted, a speed approximately equal to or lower than the sedimentation speed of the solid particles is preferable.

本発明の固液分離装置において、水槽本体は、横断面が円形をしていれば、上下方向が全て同じ径である必要はなく、上側に向かって徐々に拡径したり、間欠的に拡径していても構わない。   In the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, the water tank main body does not have to have the same diameter in the vertical direction as long as the cross section is circular, and gradually expands upward or intermittently expands upward. It may be diameter.

上昇流抑止板の大きさは、上昇流抑止板の外径をｄ０、上昇流抑止板周囲の水槽本体の内径をｄ１としたとき、下式（１）

Figure 2011072904
を満足することが好ましい。
すなわち、上昇流抑止板の外径が大きくなることにより、中央に集まった細かい粒子を含む上昇流の多くが上昇流抑止板にあたり中央付近で下降流に変化する流れの中で沈降分離ができる。 The size of the upward flow suppression plate is expressed by the following formula (1), where d0 is the outer diameter of the upward flow suppression plate and d1 is the inner diameter of the water tank body around the upward flow suppression plate.
Figure 2011072904
 Is preferably satisfied.
That is, by increasing the outer diameter of the upward flow restraint plate, most of the upward flow containing fine particles gathered at the center hits the upward flow restraint plate and can settle and separate in a flow that changes to a downward flow near the center.

また、水槽本体の内径をｄ１、予想流入量をＱとしたとき、
下式（２）で求まる水槽本体内の水の平均上昇流速Ｖ０と、

Figure 2011072904
下式（３）で求まる汚濁水中の固体粒子の沈降速度Ｗ
Figure 2011072904
 （但し、式（３）中、ｇは重量加速度（ｍ／Ｓ2 ）、Ｃｄは抵抗係数、ｓは固体粒子の比重、ｄは固体粒子の平均粒径（ｍ）である）
が、W＞Ｖ０を満足することが好ましい。
すなわち、上記のように、W＞Ｖ０を満足すれば、汚濁水が流入直後から上昇流抑止板まで上昇する間、固体粒子の沈降速度Wの方が、上昇流速Ｖ０より速いため、固体粒子が沈降しやすくなり、平均粒径以上の固体粒子は殆ど沈降する。したがって、より固液分離を確実に行えるようになる。 Also, when the inner diameter of the water tank body is d1 and the expected inflow is Q,
The average rising velocity V0 of the water in the water tank body obtained by the following formula (2),
Figure 2011072904
 Settling velocity W of solid particles in polluted water obtained by the following formula (3)
Figure 2011072904
 (In the formula (3), g is weight acceleration (m / S 2 ), Cd is a resistance coefficient, s is specific gravity of solid particles, and d is an average particle size (m) of solid particles)
However, it is preferable that W> V0 is satisfied.
That is, as described above, if W> V0 is satisfied, the solid particle sedimentation velocity W is faster than the ascending flow velocity V0 while the polluted water rises from immediately after inflow to the upflow suppression plate, so that the solid particles It becomes easy to settle, and the solid particle more than an average particle diameter settles almost. Therefore, solid-liquid separation can be performed more reliably.

本発明の固液分離装置において、上昇流抑止板の形状は、特に限定されないが、上昇流の一部を上昇流抑止板により下降流に変化させるために、外縁部と中央部が水平な円盤状かあるいは外縁部が中央に比べ固液分離水槽の底側に位置する略傘状に形成されていることが好ましい。より積極的に下降流に変化させるためには、外縁部が中央に比べ固液分離水槽の底側に位置する略傘状に形成されていることが好ましい。
すなわち、水槽本体上部の内壁面付近は上昇流が強いが、上記のように上昇流抑止板が略傘状をしていると、一部上昇流抑止板裏側に当たった流れは中央部で下降流を生じさせるために中央部の上昇流れは遅くなる。そのため固形物の沈降を確実に行える。
また、上昇流抑止板の上の流れが水平な場合に比べて略傘状では、中央に向かって加速する流れが、内壁面付近で大きくないので、上昇流抑止板に乗った固形物が中央に運ばれにくくなり、排水口から流出する量が減少する。また上昇流抑止板にたまった固形物が水の流量が減少したとき、または止まったときに外周側に落ち 自己洗浄能力を有する。 In the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, the shape of the upward flow restraining plate is not particularly limited, but a disk having a horizontal outer edge portion and a central portion in order to change a part of the upward flow into the downward flow by the upward flow restraining plate. It is preferable that the outer edge portion is formed in a substantially umbrella shape located on the bottom side of the solid-liquid separation tank compared to the center. In order to more actively change to a downward flow, the outer edge portion is preferably formed in a substantially umbrella shape located on the bottom side of the solid-liquid separation tank compared to the center.
In other words, the upward flow is strong near the inner wall surface of the upper part of the water tank body, but if the upward flow restraint plate is substantially umbrella-shaped as described above, the flow that partially hits the reverse side of the upward flow restraint plate descends at the center. In order to generate the flow, the upward flow in the center is slowed down. Therefore, sedimentation of solids can be performed reliably.
In addition, compared to the case where the flow on the upward flow restraint plate is horizontal, in the substantially umbrella shape, the flow accelerating toward the center is not large near the inner wall surface. The amount of water flowing out from the drain is reduced. In addition, the solid matter accumulated on the upward flow restraint plate falls to the outer peripheral side when the flow rate of water decreases or stops, and has a self-cleaning ability.

上記略傘状とは、少なくとも外縁部が中央に比べ固液分離水槽の底側に位置すれば、特に限定されないが、例えば、中央部から全周に亘って徐々に下降する全体がテーパ面となっている形状や、中央部から水平円盤状に張り出し、外縁部のみ下方に下がった形状でも構わない。   The substantially umbrella shape is not particularly limited as long as at least the outer edge portion is located on the bottom side of the solid-liquid separation water tank as compared with the center, but for example, the whole gradually descending from the center portion over the entire circumference is a tapered surface. It may be a shape that is formed in a horizontal disk shape from the center portion, and only the outer edge portion is lowered downward.

本発明の固液分離装置において、汚濁水流入筒部は、特に限定されないが、その縦断面形状を、高さ方向が長い長方形とすることが好ましい。すなわち、縦断面形状が、高さ方向が長い四角形をしていれば、水が高さ方向に長い帯状をした水槽本体の内壁面に沿う薄い層の高さ方向に略均一な速度の速い回転流となる。その結果、水槽本体の中央部に固体粒子を迅速に集めることができるとともに、固体粒子を巻き上げる急激な上昇流を抑えることができる。
なお、本発明において、四角形とは、コーナー部が少しアール形状に面取りされているものを含む、できるだけ長方形に近いものが好ましい。 In the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, the polluted water inflow cylinder is not particularly limited, but the longitudinal cross-sectional shape is preferably a rectangle having a long height direction. That is, if the vertical cross-sectional shape is a rectangle with a long height direction, the rotation of the thin layer along the inner wall surface of the water tank body in which the water is long in the height direction is rotated at a substantially uniform speed. It becomes a flow. As a result, the solid particles can be quickly collected in the central portion of the water tank main body, and a rapid upward flow that winds up the solid particles can be suppressed.
In the present invention, the quadrangular shape is preferably as close to a rectangle as possible, including a corner portion that is slightly chamfered in a rounded shape.

また、汚濁水流入筒部は、汚濁水の入口から水槽流入口に向かって縦断面積が徐々に小さくなるように形成されていることが好ましい。
すなわち、汚濁水の入口から水槽流入口に向かって縦断面積が徐々に小さくなるように形成すれば、水槽流入口から流入する水の速度をさらに上げることができる。 Moreover, it is preferable that the polluted water inflow cylinder part is formed so that a longitudinal cross-sectional area may become small gradually toward the water tank inlet from the polluted water inlet.
That is, if it forms so that a longitudinal cross-sectional area may become small gradually toward the aquarium inflow port from the entrance of polluted water, the speed of the water which flows in from a aquarium inflow port can further be raised.

さらに、汚濁水流入筒部は、縦断面が高さ方向の長い長方形をしていて、汚濁水の入口から水槽流入口に向かって縦断面積が徐々に小さくなるように形成されているものにおいては、汚濁水流入筒部を水槽本体の内壁面の接線に垂直な面に沿って切断し、切断面の、汚濁水流入筒部の内壁面の高さ方向寸法をＬ１，水平方向の寸法をＬ２としたとき、汚濁水流入筒部をいずれの位置で切断してもＬ１/Ｌ２＞３を満足するとともに、水槽流入口横幅が水槽本体の内径の１／１０〜１／５倍、水槽流入口の開口面積が汚濁水入口の開口面積の１／５〜１／２倍とすることが好ましい。   Furthermore, the polluted water inflow cylinder part has a rectangular shape whose longitudinal section is long in the height direction, and is formed so that the longitudinal sectional area gradually decreases from the polluted water inlet to the tank inlet. The polluted water inflow cylinder part is cut along a plane perpendicular to the tangent to the inner wall surface of the tank body, and the height dimension of the inner wall surface of the polluted water inflow cylinder part of the cut surface is L1, and the horizontal dimension is L2. When the polluted water inflow cylinder part is cut at any position, L1 / L2> 3 is satisfied, and the lateral width of the water tank inlet is 1/10 to 1/5 times the inner diameter of the water tank body. Is preferably 1/5 to 1/2 times the opening area of the polluted water inlet.

また、汚濁水流入筒部は、その下側壁面が、汚濁水の入口側から水槽流入口側に向かって下り勾配に形成されていることが好ましい。
すなわち、汚濁水中の固体粒子は、汚濁水流入筒部中においても徐々に沈降していくものがあるので、下側壁面を、上記のように汚濁水の入口側から水槽流入口側に向かって下り勾配にすることで、より水槽の下方への沈降を促進することができるようになる。
なお、上記下り勾配の勾配％は、特に限定されないが、１〜５％とすることが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable that the lower wall surface of the polluted water inflow cylinder part is formed in a downward gradient from the polluted water inlet side toward the water tank inlet side.
That is, some solid particles in the polluted water gradually settle in the polluted water inflow cylinder, so that the lower wall surface is directed from the polluted water inlet side to the water tank inlet side as described above. By setting it as the downward slope, it becomes possible to promote the sedimentation of the water tank downward.
The gradient% of the downward gradient is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 5%.

本発明の固液分離装置において、上澄み水排水管は、上端側が水槽本体の中心軸に沿って設けられていれば、特に限定されないが、全体が直管となっていて、下端部が固体粒子排出口の中央を通り固液分離水槽外に突出している構成とすることが好ましい。
すなわち、上澄み水排水管は、水槽本体の中間部で折れ曲がり、水槽本体の側壁面を貫通して外部に突出させることも可能であるが、折れ曲がった部分によって水槽本体内の水平回転せん断流れの生成を妨げ、固体粒子の沈降を阻害するおそれがある。 In the solid-liquid separator of the present invention, the supernatant water drain pipe is not particularly limited as long as the upper end side is provided along the central axis of the water tank body, but the whole is a straight pipe, and the lower end part is a solid particle. It is preferable to have a configuration that protrudes out of the solid-liquid separation water tank through the center of the discharge port.
That is, the supernatant water drain pipe can be bent at the middle part of the aquarium body, and can penetrate the side wall surface of the aquarium body to protrude outside, but the generation of horizontal rotating shear flow in the aquarium body by the bent part. There is a risk that the sedimentation of solid particles may be hindered.

本発明の固液分離装置において、水槽本体の内壁面に沿って上昇しようとする汚濁水の流れを抑える庇状をしたガイド板を、少なくとも水槽流入口直上部を含み、汚濁水の水槽本体への流入方向下流側にかけて水槽本体内壁面から突出するように設けることが好ましい。
上記ガイド板は、少なくとも水槽流入口直上部に設けられていれば、一部に設けられていても水槽本体内壁面全周にわったて設けられていても構わないが、水槽本体の内周面を１／２〜３／４周するように設けられることが好ましい。
また、ガイド板は、一部に設けられる場合、汚濁水の水槽本体への流入方向下流側にかけて徐々に下流側に向かって水槽本体内壁面側に収束するように形成されていてもよい。
ガイド板の出幅は、特に限定されないが、前記水槽流入口部の水平方向の寸法Ｌ２と同等、或いは最大出幅を水槽流入口が設けられた水槽本体の内径の１／６以下とすることが好ましい。 In the solid-liquid separator according to the present invention, the guide plate having a bowl shape that suppresses the flow of the polluted water that is going to rise along the inner wall surface of the aquarium main body includes at least the water tank inlet directly above, to the aquarium main body of the polluted water It is preferable to be provided so as to protrude from the inner wall surface of the water tank body toward the downstream side in the inflow direction.
As long as the guide plate is provided at least directly above the water tank inlet, it may be provided in a part or over the entire inner wall surface of the water tank body. It is preferable that the surface is provided so as to make 1/2 to 3/4 round.
Moreover, when a guide plate is provided in a part, it may be formed so that it may converge toward the inner wall surface side of the water tank body gradually toward the downstream side toward the downstream side in the inflow direction of the contaminated water to the water tank body.
The exit width of the guide plate is not particularly limited, but is equal to the horizontal dimension L2 of the water tank inlet or the maximum outlet width is 1/6 or less of the inner diameter of the water tank body provided with the water tank inlet. Is preferred.

本発明の固液分離装置において、水槽下端部の固体粒子排出口は、開放状態で他の容器に受けられるようになっていても構わないし、バルブを設け開閉自在とし、ある程度水槽下端部に固体粒子がたまったら、バルブを開放して固体粒子を排出し、それ以外の場合はバルブを閉じておくようにしても構わない。
固体粒子排出口の径は、特に限定されないが、固体粒子の排出を妨げない限り、できるだけ小径化することが好ましい。 In the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, the solid particle discharge port at the lower end of the water tank may be received by another container in an open state, and is provided with a valve so that it can be opened and closed. If the particles accumulate, the valve may be opened to discharge the solid particles, otherwise the valve may be closed.
The diameter of the solid particle outlet is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to make the diameter as small as possible as long as the solid particle discharge is not hindered.

本発明にかかる水処理装置は、入口側に汚濁水中の大型汚濁成分を除去するストレーナを有し、流入した汚濁水を貯めて、この汚濁水中の固体粒子を沈降させる沈降槽内に、上記本発明の固液分離装置を、上澄み水排水管の出口側を沈降槽外に臨ませた状態で前記沈降槽内に配置したことを特徴としている。   The water treatment apparatus according to the present invention has a strainer for removing large pollutant components in the polluted water on the inlet side, stores the inflowing polluted water, and settles the solid particles in the polluted water in the settling tank. The solid-liquid separation device of the invention is characterized in that it is arranged in the settling tank with the outlet side of the supernatant water drain pipe facing the outside of the settling tank.

本発明の固液分離装置は、横断面が円形をした水槽本体と、この水槽本体に連設し、漏斗形状をするとともに、下端に固体粒子排出口を備えた水槽下端部とを有する固液分離水槽と、一端が固液分離水槽外に突出し固体粒子を含む汚濁水の入口となり、他端が前記水槽本体内に開放された水槽流入口となり、前記汚濁水の入口から流入した汚濁水が水槽流入口から水槽本体の内壁面の接線方向に沿いながら固液分離水槽内に流入するように設けられた汚濁水流入筒部と、下端側が水槽本体外に突出し、前記水槽本体の中心軸に沿うように設けられ、水槽本体の上部で上端が開口する垂直管部を上端側に有する上澄み水排水管と、外径が水槽本体の内径より小径で、前記水槽流入口より上方で前記垂直管部を囲むように鍔状に張り出し、水槽本体中央部分を流れる上昇流による固体粒子の上昇を抑止する上昇流抑止板と、を備える固液分離装置であって、前記水槽流入口から水槽本体内に流入した汚濁水が前記上昇流抑止板と水槽本体との隙間を通過する直前まで略一定速度で上昇し、前記隙間を通るときのみ上昇速度が上昇するように構成したので、加圧ポンプなどが不要で、構造が簡単であり、低コストで得られると共に、微小粒径の固体粒子に対する固液分離能力が高い。
すなわち、従来のものは、水槽流入口から上方に少しはなれた部分に、有効断面積が狭くなる多孔板をリング状に設けたので、上昇流の速度がこの多孔板の開口部を通る際に速くなる。
したがって、流入量が多くなると、速度の上昇が急激に起こり、水槽本体の中央付近に集まった粒子を舞い上げてしまう。
しかし、上記のように、前記水槽流入口から水槽本体内に流入した水が前記上昇流抑止板と水槽本体との隙間を通過する直前まで略一定速度でゆっくりと上昇し、有効断面積が狭くなった上昇流抑止板付近で緩やかに加速する流れとなるようにすれば、殆どの粒子の沈降速度が上昇流の上昇速度より勝るので、中央部を上昇する中で大部分の粒子が分離される。そして、さらに中央に集まっていた細かい粒子を含む上昇流の多くが上昇流抑止板にあたり中央付近で下降流に変化する流れの中で沈降分離ができる。 The solid-liquid separator of the present invention has a water tank body having a circular cross section and a water tank lower end having a funnel shape connected to the water tank body and having a solid particle discharge port at the lower end. Separation water tank, one end protrudes outside the solid-liquid separation water tank and becomes the inlet of contaminated water containing solid particles, the other end becomes the water tank inlet opened in the water tank body, and the contaminated water flowing in from the dirty water inlet is The polluted water inflow cylinder part provided to flow into the solid-liquid separation water tank along the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the water tank main body from the water tank inlet, and the lower end side protrude outside the water tank main body, and the center axis of the water tank main body A supernatant water drainage pipe provided on the upper end side of the water tank body and having an upper end opened at the upper end of the water tank body, and an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the water tank body and above the water tank inlet. The tank is projected in a bowl shape to surround the part. A solid-liquid separation device comprising: an upward flow restraining plate that restrains solid particles from rising due to the upward flow flowing through the central portion, wherein the contaminated water flowing into the water tank body from the water tank inlet is the upward flow restraining plate; It is configured to rise at a substantially constant speed until just before passing through the gap with the water tank body, and the rising speed rises only when passing through the gap, so no pressure pump is required, the structure is simple, and the cost is low. In addition, the solid-liquid separation ability for solid particles having a small particle size is high.
In other words, the conventional plate is provided with a porous plate with a narrow effective cross-sectional area in a ring shape at a portion slightly above the water tank inlet, so that the upward flow velocity passes through the opening of the porous plate. Get faster.
Therefore, when the amount of inflow increases, the speed increases rapidly, and the particles gathered near the center of the water tank main body are soared.
However, as described above, the water that has flowed into the tank body from the water tank inlet slowly rises at a substantially constant speed until just before passing through the gap between the upward flow suppression plate and the tank body, and the effective cross-sectional area is narrow. If the flow gradually accelerates near the rising plate, the settling speed of most particles is higher than the rising speed of the rising flow. The Further, most of the upward flow including fine particles gathered at the center hits the upward flow restraint plate, and sedimentation can be performed in the flow that changes to the downward flow near the center.

本発明にかかる水処理装置は、入口側に汚濁水中の大型汚濁成分を除去するストレーナを有し、流入した汚濁水を貯めて、この汚濁水中の固体粒子を沈降させる沈降槽内に、上記本発明の固液分離装置を、上澄み水排水管の出口側を沈降槽外に臨ませた状態で前記沈降槽内に配置したので、雨水等の汚濁水中に混合された落ち葉や樹脂製フィルムや袋等のゴミなどの大型汚濁成分はストレーナによって除去でき、微小粒径の固体粒子は固液分離装置によって分離除去できる。   The water treatment apparatus according to the present invention has a strainer for removing large pollutant components in the polluted water on the inlet side, stores the inflowing polluted water, and settles the solid particles in the polluted water in the settling tank. Since the solid-liquid separation device of the invention is disposed in the settling tank with the outlet side of the supernatant water drain pipe facing the outside of the settling tank, fallen leaves, resin films and bags mixed in contaminated water such as rainwater Large contaminants such as dust can be removed by a strainer, and solid particles with a small particle size can be separated and removed by a solid-liquid separator.

本発明の固液分離装置の第１の実施の形態を示し、その一部を切り欠いた斜視図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a solid-liquid separator according to the present invention, with a part thereof cut away. 図１の固液分離装置の一部を切り欠いた平面図である。It is the top view which notched a part of solid-liquid separator of FIG. 図２のＡ−Ａ断面図である。It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 図１の固液分離装置の上昇流抑止板を示す図であって、同図（ａ）は平面図、同図（ｂ）は同図（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。It is a figure which shows the upward flow suppression board of the solid-liquid separator of FIG. 1, Comprising: The figure (a) is a top view, The figure (b) is BB sectional drawing of the figure (a). 図１の固液分離装置の水の動き及び固体粒子の動きを模式的に説明する図である。It is a figure which illustrates typically the motion of the water of the solid-liquid separator of FIG. 1, and the motion of a solid particle. 図１の固液分離装置を用いた本発明の水処理装置の１例を示し、その一部を切り欠いた斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing one example of the water treatment device of the present invention using the solid-liquid separation device of FIG. 本発明の固液分離装置の第２の実施の形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment of the solid-liquid separator of this invention. 本発明の固液分離装置の第３の実施の形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows 3rd Embodiment of the solid-liquid separator of this invention. 従来の固液分離装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the conventional solid-liquid separator.

以下、本発明の固液分離装置及び水処理装置の構成及び作用を本実施の形態を示す図面に基づいて説明する。
図１〜図３は、本発明の固液分離装置の第１の実施の形態をあらわしている。 Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the solid-liquid separation device and the water treatment device of the present invention will be described based on the drawings showing the present embodiment.
1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a solid-liquid separation device of the present invention.

図１〜図３に示すように、この固液分離装置Ａは、ポリ塩化ビニルやポリエチレン等の熱可塑性樹脂で形成されていて、固液分離水槽１と、汚濁水流入筒部２と、上澄み水排水管３と、上昇流抑止板４と、ガイド板５とを備えている。
固液分離水槽１は、水槽本体１１と、水槽下端部１２と、天板１３とを備えている。
水槽本体１１は、内径ｄ１の円筒形状している。
水槽下端部１２は、水槽本体１１の下端に連設して設けられ、下方に向かって徐々に小径になる漏斗形状をしていて、その下端が固体粒子排出口１４となっている。
天板１３は、後述する上澄み水排水管３の上端からずれた位置に空気抜き孔１３１が穿設されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the solid-liquid separator A is formed of a thermoplastic resin such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, and includes a solid-liquid separation tank 1, a polluted water inflow cylinder 2, and a supernatant. A water drain pipe 3, an upflow suppression plate 4, and a guide plate 5 are provided.
The solid-liquid separation water tank 1 includes a water tank main body 11, a water tank lower end portion 12, and a top plate 13.
The water tank body 11 has a cylindrical shape with an inner diameter d1.
The water tank lower end portion 12 is provided continuously with the lower end of the water tank main body 11 and has a funnel shape with a gradually decreasing diameter toward the lower side, and the lower end serves as a solid particle discharge port 14.
The top plate 13 is provided with an air vent hole 131 at a position shifted from the upper end of a supernatant water drain pipe 3 to be described later.

汚濁水流入筒部２は、固液分離水槽１の外壁面から突出するように設けられ、一端が、汚濁水の入口（以下、「汚濁水入口」）２１となり、他端が水槽本体１１内に開放された水槽流入口２２となっている。
また、汚濁水流入筒部２は、２つの立面壁２ａ，２ｂと、２つの立面壁２ａ，２ｂの上端間に跨るように設けられる上部壁２ｃと、２つの立面壁２ａ，２ｂの下端間に跨るように設けられる下側壁面を構成する下部壁２ｄとの４つの壁で囲まれた四角筒状をしていて、汚濁水入口２１及び水槽流入口２２は、いずれも長方形をしているが、水槽流入口２２の断面積が、汚濁水入口２１の断面積の１／５〜１／２倍となっている。
さらに、汚濁水流入筒部２は、汚濁水流入筒部２を水槽本体１１の内壁面の接線に垂直な面に沿って切断し、切断面の、汚濁水流入筒部１１の内壁面の高さ方向寸法をＬ１，水平方向の寸法をＬ２としたとき、汚濁水流入筒部１１をいずれの位置で切断してもＬ１/Ｌ２＞３を満足するとともに、水槽流入口２２の横幅が水槽本体１１の内径ｄ１の１／１０〜１／５倍となっている。 The polluted water inflow cylinder portion 2 is provided so as to protrude from the outer wall surface of the solid-liquid separation water tank 1, and one end serves as a polluted water inlet (hereinafter referred to as “polluted water inlet”) 21 and the other end in the tank main body 11. The water tank inlet 22 is open to the water.
In addition, the polluted water inflow cylinder portion 2 includes two elevation walls 2a and 2b, an upper wall 2c provided so as to straddle between upper ends of the two elevation walls 2a and 2b, and two elevation walls 2a and 2b. The lower wall 2d that constitutes the lower wall surface provided between the lower ends of the bottom wall 2d has a rectangular cylindrical shape surrounded by four walls, and the polluted water inlet 21 and the water tank inlet 22 are both rectangular. However, the cross-sectional area of the water tank inlet 22 is 1/5 to 1/2 times the cross-sectional area of the polluted water inlet 21.
Furthermore, the polluted water inflow cylinder part 2 cuts the polluted water inflow cylinder part 2 along a plane perpendicular to the tangent line of the inner wall surface of the water tank body 11, and the height of the inner wall surface of the polluted water inflow cylinder part 11 is cut. When the horizontal dimension is L1 and the horizontal dimension is L2, L1 / L2> 3 is satisfied even if the polluted water inflow cylinder 11 is cut at any position, and the lateral width of the water tank inlet 22 is the tank body. 11 to 1/5 times the inner diameter d1.

また、一方の立面壁２ａは、その壁面が水槽本体１１の内壁面の接線に沿うように設けられているとともに、その上端縁が水平となっていて、下端縁が、汚濁水入口２１側から水槽流入口２２に向かって角度αで傾斜する台形をしていて、下端縁の水槽流入口２２側が水槽本体１１と水槽下端部１２との境界部分に略一致するように設けられている。
他方の立面壁２ｂは、その壁面が汚濁水入口２１側から水槽流入口２２に向かって一方の立面壁２ａに近づくように設けられているとともに、上端縁が一方の立面壁２ａの上端縁と同一水平面内に設けられ、下端縁が一方の立面壁２ａの下端縁に沿う傾斜角αで汚濁水入口２１側から水槽流入口２２に向かって傾斜する仮想面上に載るように設けられている。
したがって、下部壁２ｄは、汚濁水入口２１側から水槽流入口２２に向かって勾配％が１〜５％で下降する傾斜面になっている。 One of the elevation walls 2a is provided so that its wall surface is along the tangent to the inner wall surface of the water tank body 11, and its upper edge is horizontal, and its lower edge is on the polluted water inlet 21 side. The trapezoidal shape is inclined at an angle α from the water tank inlet 22 to the water tank inlet 22, and the water tank inlet 22 side of the lower end edge is provided so as to substantially coincide with the boundary portion between the water tank main body 11 and the water tank lower end portion 12.
The other elevation wall 2b is provided so that its wall surface approaches one elevation wall 2a from the polluted water inlet 21 side toward the tank inlet 22, and the upper edge of the one elevation wall 2a It is provided in the same horizontal plane as the upper edge, and the lower edge is placed on a virtual plane inclined from the contaminated water inlet 21 side toward the water tank inlet 22 at an inclination angle α along the lower edge of the one elevation wall 2a. Is provided.
Therefore, the lower wall 2d is an inclined surface in which the gradient% descends from 1 to 5% from the polluted water inlet 21 side toward the water tank inlet 22.

上澄み水排水管３は、直管であって、水槽本体１１の中心軸に沿ってその下端部が固体粒子排出口１４から固液分離水槽１の外部に突出し、図示していないが、その下端が他の配管材あるいは固体粒子排出口１４を下方から受けるように設けられる沈殿槽等の受槽に支持されるようになっている。すなわち、上澄み水排水管３は、上部の垂直管部３１だけでなく、下端部３２も垂直管となっている。
上昇流抑止板４は、図４に示すように、中央に、上澄み水排水管３の外径と略同じ内径をした孔４１を有し、中央から外側に向かって徐々に傾斜するテーパ面４２を有する略傘形をしている。 The supernatant water drain pipe 3 is a straight pipe, and its lower end protrudes from the solid particle discharge port 14 to the outside of the solid-liquid separation water tank 1 along the central axis of the water tank body 11, and is not shown. Is supported by a receiving tank such as a sedimentation tank provided to receive another piping material or the solid particle discharge port 14 from below. That is, in the supernatant water drain pipe 3, not only the upper vertical pipe part 31 but also the lower end part 32 is a vertical pipe.
As shown in FIG. 4, the upward flow restraint plate 4 has a hole 41 having an inner diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the supernatant water drain pipe 3 at the center, and a tapered surface 42 that gradually slopes outward from the center. It has a substantially umbrella shape.

そして、上昇流抑止板４は、孔４１の上端が上澄み水排水管３の上端に一致するとともに、中央より外縁側が固液分離水槽１の底側に位置するように上澄み水排水管３の上端部に溶接等で固定されている。
また、上昇流抑止板４の外径ｄ０は、上記式（１）で示すように、ｄ１＞ｄ０≧２／３を満足するようになっている。 And as for the upward flow suppression board 4, while the upper end of the hole 41 corresponds to the upper end of the supernatant water drain pipe 3, and the outer edge side is located in the bottom side of the solid-liquid separation water tank 1 from the center, It is fixed to the upper end by welding or the like.
Further, the outer diameter d0 of the upward flow restraining plate 4 satisfies d1> d0 ≧ 2/3 as shown in the above formula (1).

上昇流抑止板４の水槽本体１１内での高さ方向の位置は、上昇流抑止板４上面の外縁から立ち上がり、上端が天板１３の下面に達する仮想筒状部の外周面積が、上記隙間Ｓに水平断面積より大きくなる位置となっている。   The height direction position of the upward flow restraint plate 4 in the water tank body 11 rises from the outer edge of the upper surface of the upward flow restraint plate 4 and the outer peripheral area of the virtual cylindrical portion whose upper end reaches the lower surface of the top plate 13 is the gap. S is a position larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area.

ガイド板５は、水槽本体１１の内壁面から水平方向に庇状に形成され、水槽流入口２２の直上部を含み、汚濁水の水槽本体１１への流入方向下流側にかけて水槽本体１１の内周面を１／２〜３／４周し、下流側が徐々に水槽本体１１内壁面側に収束している。
また、ガイド板５は、図２に示すように、水槽本体１１の内壁面からの最大幅５０が前記水槽流入口部の水平方向の寸法Ｌ２と同等、或いは水槽本体１１の内径ｄ１の１／６以下になっている。
また、この固液分離水槽１は、水槽本体１１の内部が上記のようになっており、予想流入量をＱとしたとき、上記式（２）で求まる水槽本体内の水の平均上昇流速Ｖ０と、上記式（３）求まる汚濁水中の固体粒子の沈降速度Ｗとしたとき、W＞Ｖ０を満足するようになっている。 The guide plate 5 is formed in a bowl shape in the horizontal direction from the inner wall surface of the water tank main body 11, includes a portion directly above the water tank inlet 22, and extends toward the downstream side in the inflow direction of the contaminated water to the water tank main body 11. The surface is made 1/2 to 3/4 round, and the downstream side gradually converges to the inner wall surface side of the water tank body 11.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the guide plate 5 has a maximum width 50 from the inner wall surface of the water tank body 11 equal to the horizontal dimension L2 of the water tank inlet portion or 1 / of the inner diameter d1 of the water tank body 11. 6 or less.
Further, in this solid-liquid separation water tank 1, the inside of the water tank body 11 is as described above, and when the expected inflow amount is Q, the average ascending flow velocity V0 of the water in the water tank body obtained by the above equation (2). When the settling velocity W of the solid particles in the polluted water obtained by the above formula (3) is satisfied, W> V0 is satisfied.

つぎに、この固液分離装置Ａの固液分離のメカニズムを、図５を参照に詳しく説明する。
まず、汚濁水が落差による自然圧によって汚濁水流入筒部２の汚濁水入口２１から水槽流入口２２を介して水槽本体１１内に流れ込む（矢印ａ）。 Next, the solid-liquid separation mechanism of the solid-liquid separator A will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
First, the polluted water flows from the polluted water inlet 21 of the polluted water inflow cylinder portion 2 into the aquarium body 11 through the aquarium inlet 22 by the natural pressure due to the drop (arrow a).

このとき、汚濁水流入筒部２の一方の立面壁２ａが水槽本体１１の内壁面の接線に沿うように設けられ、他方の立面壁２ｂが汚濁水入口２１側から水槽流入口２２に向かって一方の立面壁２ａに近づくように設けられているので、汚濁水は、水槽本体１１の接線方向に向かう水流となって水槽流入口２２から水槽本体１１内に流れ込む。
しかも、汚濁水入口２１側から水槽流入口２２に向かって断面積が小さくなっているので、加速されながら水槽本体１１内に流れ込む。 At this time, one elevation wall 2a of the polluted water inflow cylinder portion 2 is provided along the tangent line of the inner wall surface of the aquarium body 11, and the other elevation wall 2b extends from the polluted water inlet 21 side to the tank inlet 22. Since it is provided so that it may approach one elevation wall 2a toward the surface, the polluted water flows into the water tank body 11 from the water tank inlet 22 as a water flow toward the tangential direction of the water tank body 11.
And since the cross-sectional area is small toward the water tank inflow port 22 from the contaminated water inlet 21 side, it flows into the water tank main body 11 while being accelerated.

そして、このように汚濁水が、水槽本体１１の接線方向に向かう水流となって水槽流入口２２から水槽本体１１内に流れ込むことによって、水槽本体１１内では、水平回転せん断流れが生じる。
この水平回転せん断流れは、汚濁水中の固体粒子に求心運動を生じさせる。すなわち、汚濁水中の固体粒子７が水槽本体１１の中央部に集まっていく。 Then, the contaminated water becomes a water flow directed in the tangential direction of the water tank main body 11 and flows into the water tank main body 11 from the water tank inlet 22, thereby generating a horizontal rotating shear flow in the water tank main body 11.
This horizontal rotating shear flow causes centripetal motion in the solid particles in the contaminated water. That is, the solid particles 7 in the polluted water gather at the center of the water tank body 11.

一方、汚濁水の流入に伴って、汚濁水が水槽本体１１内に速い速度で流入すると、水槽本体１１内の水は、水槽本体１１の内壁面側が速く、水槽本体１１の中央側が遅いという速度勾配を形成するため、流入直後は、遠心力によって水槽本体１１の内壁面近傍において、汚濁水が中央部に比べ速く上昇しようとする。
しかし、ガイド板５を備えているので、水槽本体１１の内壁面に沿って上昇しようとする汚濁水の速い流れを抑えることができる。
そして、水槽本体１１は、ガイド板５と上昇流抑止板４との間に、従来の多孔盤１５０のような突出部がないため、ガイド板５をすぎると、汚濁水は、略均一な速度の上昇流となって、水槽本体１１の上部に向かって上昇していく。
このとき、設定流入量Ｑにおいては、上昇流の平均上昇流速Ｖ０が汚濁水中の固体粒子の沈降速度Ｗより小さいので、所定の比重以上の固体粒子は、水槽本体１１の中央に集まりつつ固体粒子排出口１４に向かって沈降していく。
また、汚濁水流入筒部２の下部壁２ｄが、汚濁水入口２１側から水槽流入口２２に向かって角度αで下降する傾斜面になっているので、汚濁水中の固体粒子は、この傾斜面の勾配にそって斜め下向きに沈降しながら、水槽本体１１内に入り込む。 On the other hand, when the polluted water flows into the aquarium body 11 at a high speed with the inflow of polluted water, the water in the aquarium body 11 has a speed that the inner wall surface side of the aquarium body 11 is fast and the central side of the aquarium body 11 is slow. In order to form a gradient, immediately after the inflow, the polluted water tends to rise faster than the central portion in the vicinity of the inner wall surface of the water tank body 11 by centrifugal force.
However, since the guide plate 5 is provided, it is possible to suppress the rapid flow of contaminated water that is going to rise along the inner wall surface of the water tank body 11.
And since the water tank main body 11 does not have the protrusion part like the conventional porous board 150 between the guide plate 5 and the upward flow suppression board 4, if the guide plate 5 is passed, contaminated water will be a substantially uniform speed | rate. It rises toward the upper part of the water tank body 11.
At this time, in the set inflow amount Q, the average upward flow velocity V0 of the upward flow is smaller than the settling velocity W of the solid particles in the polluted water. It sinks toward the outlet 14.
In addition, since the lower wall 2d of the polluted water inflow cylinder portion 2 has an inclined surface that descends at an angle α from the polluted water inlet 21 side toward the water tank inlet 22, the solid particles in the polluted water The water enters the water tank body 11 while sinking obliquely downward along the gradient.

そして、水槽流入口２２がロート状をした水槽下端部１２と水槽本体１１の境界部分に設けられているので、沈降する固体粒子７は、求心運動に加えて水槽下端部１２のテーパによって中央方向に集められ、固体粒子排出口１４から固液分離水槽１外に排出される。   And since the water tank inflow port 22 is provided in the boundary part of the water tank lower end part 12 and the water tank main body 11 which carried out the funnel shape, in addition to centripetal motion, the settled solid particle 7 is centered by the taper of the water tank lower end part 12 And discharged from the solid particle outlet 14 to the outside of the solid-liquid separation water tank 1.

また、固体粒子７は、その形状、材質などが異なるものもある。したがって、比重が同じであっても、水槽本体１１の中央部に集まった固体粒子のうち、抵抗の大きい形状のものなどは、この上昇流によって、水と共に水槽本体１１の中央部を上昇していく場合がある。
しかし、上昇流抑止板４を備えているので、水槽本体１１に中央部を上昇流に載って上昇してきた細かい固体粒子７は、上昇流の多くが上昇流抑止板４にあたり中央付近で下降流に変化する流れの中で沈降分離していく。 The solid particles 7 may be different in shape, material, and the like. Therefore, even if the specific gravity is the same, among the solid particles collected in the central part of the water tank main body 11, those having a shape with high resistance are lifted up with the water in the central part of the water tank main body 11 by this upward flow. There is a case to go.
However, since the upward flow restraining plate 4 is provided, the fine solid particles 7 that have risen with the central portion of the water tank body 11 placed on the upward flow mostly fall on the upward flow restraining plate 4 and flow downward in the vicinity of the center. It settles and separates in the flow that changes.

一方、隙間Ｓを通り抜け、上澄み水排水管３の上端より高い位置まで上がってきた上澄み水は、上澄み水排水管３の上端から上澄み水排水管３内に入り、排水経路あるいは上澄み水の貯水タンクなどに排水される。   On the other hand, the supernatant water that has passed through the gap S and has reached a position higher than the upper end of the supernatant water drain pipe 3 enters the supernatant water drain pipe 3 from the upper end of the supernatant water drain pipe 3 and enters the drainage path or the supernatant water storage tank. It is drained to etc.

また、汚濁水の流入量が多く、万一、固体粒子の一部が上昇流抑止板４より上側に舞い上がったとしても、上昇流抑止板４の水槽本体１１内での高さ方向の位置は、上昇流抑止板４上面の外縁から立ち上がり、上端が天板１３の下面に達する仮想筒状部の外周面積が、上記隙間Ｓに水平断面積より大きくなっているので、隙間Ｓを通った水は上昇流抑止板４の部分に達すると流速Ｖ３が遅くなる。したがって、上澄み水排水管３に流れ込むまでに、固体粒子７が沈降し、上昇流抑止板４の上で受けられ、そのテーパ面４２のテーパによって隙間Ｓ側に流れて、水槽下端部１２に向けて沈降していく。   Moreover, even if some inflow amounts of polluted water flow and some solid particles rise to the upper side from the upward flow suppression plate 4, the position of the height direction in the water tank main body 11 of the upward flow suppression plate 4 is Since the outer peripheral area of the virtual cylindrical portion that rises from the outer edge of the upper surface of the upward flow restraining plate 4 and whose upper end reaches the lower surface of the top plate 13 is larger than the horizontal sectional area in the gap S, the water passing through the gap S When reaching the portion of the upward flow restraining plate 4, the flow velocity V3 becomes slow. Therefore, before flowing into the supernatant water drain pipe 3, the solid particles 7 settle and are received on the upward flow restraint plate 4, and flow toward the gap S side by the taper of the tapered surface 42 toward the water tank lower end 12. And sink.

この固液分離装置Ａは、以上のように、固液分離水槽１と、汚濁水流入筒部２と、上澄み水排水管３と、上昇流抑止板４と、ガイド板５とからなる簡単な部品構成であり、落差のみの自然圧を利用して固液分離水槽１内に汚濁水を流入させるだけで、ポンプなどの動力が不要である。したがって、低コストで汚濁水中の汚濁成分である固体粒子を分離除去することができる。
しかも、従来と異なる形状の上昇流抑止板４が設けられ、水槽本体１１に中央部を上昇流に載って上昇してきた固体粒子７は、上昇流抑止板４によって水と共に上昇が抑えられ、上昇流抑止板４の下面のテーパによって水槽本体１１の中央方向に向かい沈降していくようになっているので、より固液分離能力が高いものとなる。したがって、小型化を図ることができる。 As described above, the solid-liquid separation device A is a simple liquid-liquid separation tank 1, a polluted water inflow cylinder 2, a supernatant water drain pipe 3, an upflow deterrent plate 4, and a guide plate 5. It is a component configuration, and it is not necessary to use power such as a pump just by causing the polluted water to flow into the solid-liquid separation water tank 1 using the natural pressure of only the head. Therefore, it is possible to separate and remove solid particles that are polluted components in the polluted water at low cost.
In addition, the upward flow restraining plate 4 having a shape different from the conventional one is provided, and the solid particles 7 that have risen with the central portion mounted on the upward flow in the water tank main body 11 are restrained from rising together with the water by the upward flow restraining plate 4 and rise. Since the taper on the lower surface of the flow restraining plate 4 is settling toward the center of the water tank body 11, the solid-liquid separation capability is further increased. Therefore, size reduction can be achieved.

図６は、上記固液分離装置Ａが組み込まれた水処理装置９の１例をあらわしている。
図６に示すように、この水処理装置９は、沈降槽としての道路側溝に流れ込んだ雨水を受けるように設けられた集合枡９１と、集合枡９１への雨水流入口に設けられたストレーナ９２と、上記固液分離装置Ａと、地下浸透槽（例えば、積水化学工業社の商品名レインステーションの外壁面を浸透性膜で覆った状態で地中に埋設したもの）９３とを備えている。 FIG. 6 shows an example of the water treatment device 9 in which the solid-liquid separation device A is incorporated.
As shown in FIG. 6, the water treatment device 9 includes a collecting rod 91 provided to receive rainwater flowing into a road side groove as a settling tank, and a strainer 92 provided at a rainwater inlet to the collecting rod 91. And the above-mentioned solid-liquid separation device A and an underground infiltration tank 93 (for example, one embedded in the ground in a state where the outer wall surface of the product name Rain Station of Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. is covered with a permeable membrane). .

ストレーナ９２は、集合枡９１に流れ込む雨水などの汚濁水中に含まれる落ち葉やゴミなどの除去したのち、集合枡９１内に流入させるようになっている。
固液分離装置Ａは、集合枡９１の中間位置に汚濁水流入筒部２が位置するように固液分離水槽１が集合枡９１の内壁面に固定されている。
また、固液分離装置Ａは、集合枡９１の側壁面を貫通し、道路に沿って設けられた地下浸透槽９３に接続された地下浸透水供給管９４に上澄み水排水管３の下端が接続されている。 The strainer 92 is made to flow into the collective raft 91 after removing fallen leaves and dust contained in polluted water such as rainwater flowing into the collective raft 91.
In the solid-liquid separation device A, the solid-liquid separation water tank 1 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the collecting rod 91 so that the polluted water inflow cylinder portion 2 is located at an intermediate position of the collecting rod 91.
Further, the solid-liquid separation device A penetrates the side wall surface of the collecting bowl 91, and the lower end of the supernatant water drainage pipe 3 is connected to the underground permeated water supply pipe 94 connected to the underground permeation tank 93 provided along the road. Has been.

この水処理装置９は、上記のように、ストレーナ９２が設けられているので、雨水が側溝から集合枡９１に流入しようとすると、このストレーナ９２によって、まず、木の葉や、樹脂製フィルムや袋の切れ端などの大型の汚濁成分が除かれる。
そして、このストレーナ９２によって大型の汚濁成分が略取り除かれた雨水のみが、集合枡９１内に流れ込む。
通常の量の雨であれば、集合枡９１内に入り込んだ雨水は、集合枡９１から排水経路をとおり、河川に放流される。 Since the water treatment device 9 is provided with the strainer 92 as described above, when the rainwater tries to flow into the collecting rod 91 from the side groove, the strainer 92 first causes the leaf, resin film, or bag to be Large contaminants such as shards are removed.
Only the rainwater from which the large pollutant component is substantially removed by the strainer 92 flows into the collecting rod 91.
If it is a normal amount of rain, the rainwater that has entered the collecting rod 91 is discharged into the river from the collecting rod 91 through the drainage path.

一方、集中豪雨などで、大量の汚濁した雨水が集合枡９１内に流れ込むと、集合枡９１内の水位が上がり、水位が上澄み水排水管３の上端より高くなると、集合枡９１内に入り込んだ大型の汚濁成分は除かれているが、砂れきなどの固体粒子を汚濁成分として多量に含む汚濁した雨水が汚濁水流入筒部２から固液分離水槽１内に流れ込み、上記のように固液分離水槽１内で汚濁した雨水中に含まれる固体粒子と水とを分離し、固体粒子7は、固体粒子排出口１４から集合枡９１内に排出され、上澄み水を、上澄み水排水管３を介して地下浸透槽９３に一次的に溜め、河川の急激な増水による事故や洪水を防止する。
また、地下浸透槽９３に一次的に溜められた上澄み水は、徐々に浸透膜を介して地中に浸透していき、潅漑を図ることができる。 On the other hand, when a large amount of polluted rainwater flows into the collecting pool 91 due to heavy rain, the water level in the collecting pool 91 rises, and when the water level becomes higher than the upper end of the supernatant water drain pipe 3, it enters the collecting pool 91. Large pollutant components have been removed, but contaminated rainwater containing a large amount of solid particles such as gravel as pollutant components flows into the solid-liquid separation tank 1 from the polluted water inflow cylinder 2 and solid-liquid separation as described above. The solid particles and water contained in rainwater polluted in the water tank 1 are separated, and the solid particles 7 are discharged from the solid particle discharge port 14 into the collecting tub 91, and the supernatant water is discharged through the supernatant water drain pipe 3. It is temporarily stored in the underground infiltration tank 93 to prevent accidents and floods due to sudden water increases in the river.
Moreover, the supernatant water temporarily stored in the underground infiltration tank 93 can gradually permeate into the ground through the osmotic membrane, and can be irrigated.

また、この水処理装置９は、上記のように、集合枡９１内に本発明の固液分離装置Ａを設け、集合枡９１に流れ込んだ汚濁した雨水から固体粒子を除去し、清浄な雨水のみを、地下浸透槽９３に供給するようにしたので、地下浸透槽９３内での雨水に含まれる砂れき等の固体粒子の堆積を極力防止でき、地下浸透槽９３のメンテナンスの頻度を低減できるとともに、地下浸透槽９３自体の寿命を延ばすこともできる。   Further, as described above, the water treatment device 9 is provided with the solid-liquid separation device A of the present invention in the collecting basket 91, and removes solid particles from the contaminated rainwater flowing into the collecting basket 91, so that only clean rainwater is obtained. Is supplied to the underground infiltration tank 93, so that accumulation of solid particles such as gravel contained in rainwater in the underground infiltration tank 93 can be prevented as much as possible, and the frequency of maintenance of the underground infiltration tank 93 can be reduced. The life of the underground infiltration tank 93 itself can be extended.

図７は、本発明にかかる固液分離装置の第２の実施の形態をあらわしている。
図７に示すように、この固液分離装置Ｂは、以下に説明する構成以外は、上記固液分離装置Ａと同様になっている。 FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the solid-liquid separator according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 7, the solid-liquid separator B is the same as the solid-liquid separator A except for the configuration described below.

すなわち、この固液分離装置Ｂは、水槽下端部１２を受けるように、バルブ付きドレン管１６ａを備えた固体粒子7の受槽１６が設けられている。
また、この固液分離装置Ｂは、上澄み水排水管３が、その下端部を受槽１６の底を貫通して外部に臨ませ、図では示していないが、受槽１６の貫通部において、受槽１６に溶接あるいはネジ固定されている。 That is, the solid-liquid separator B is provided with a receiving tank 16 for solid particles 7 provided with a drain pipe 16a with a valve so as to receive the lower end 12 of the water tank.
Further, in this solid-liquid separator B, the supernatant water drain pipe 3 has its lower end passing through the bottom of the receiving tank 16 and facing the outside, and although not shown in the figure, in the through section of the receiving tank 16, the receiving tank 16 It is welded or fixed with screws.

上記構成の固液分離装置Ｂは、受槽１６を備えているので、分離した固体粒子の回収が容易になるという利点をさらに備えている。
また、バルブ付きドレン管１６ａを備えているので、バルブを電動バルブや電磁バルブにすることによって、定期的に受槽１６内を清掃できるような構成とすることもできる。 Since the solid-liquid separator B having the above-described configuration includes the receiving tank 16, the solid-liquid separator B further has an advantage that it is easy to recover the separated solid particles.
Moreover, since the drain pipe 16a with a valve is provided, it can also be set as the structure which can clean the inside of the receiving tank 16 regularly by using a valve as an electric valve or an electromagnetic valve.

図８は、本発明にかかる固液分離装置の第３の実施の形態をあらわしている。
図８に示すように、この固液分離装置Ｃは、以下に説明する構成以外は、上記固液分離装置Ａと同様になっている。 FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the solid-liquid separator according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 8, the solid-liquid separator C is the same as the solid-liquid separator A except for the configuration described below.

すなわち、この固液分離装置Ｃは、上澄み水排水管３の下端部３３が直角に折れ曲がったのち、水槽本体１１の側壁を貫通して外部に臨んでいる。
また、この固液分離装置Ｃは、固液分離水槽１に下部に固液分離水槽１を下方から支える円筒状をした支持脚１７を備えるとともに、排出口１４にバルブ付きのドレン管１８が接続されている。
上記構成の固液分離装置Ｃは、固液分離水槽１の下部に支持脚１７を備えているので、設置が容易となるという利点をさらに備えている。 That is, the solid-liquid separator C faces the outside through the side wall of the water tank body 11 after the lower end 33 of the supernatant water drain pipe 3 is bent at a right angle.
In addition, the solid-liquid separation device C is provided with a cylindrical support leg 17 supporting the solid-liquid separation water tank 1 from below at the lower part of the solid-liquid separation water tank 1, and a drain pipe 18 with a valve connected to the discharge port 14. Has been.
Since the solid-liquid separation device C having the above-described configuration includes the support legs 17 at the lower part of the solid-liquid separation water tank 1, it is further provided with an advantage that installation is easy.

なお、本発明は、上記の実施の形態に限定されない。
例えば、上記の実施の形態では、汚濁水流入筒部が１つであったが、水槽本体の周面に沿って放射状に複数設けるようにしても構わない。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
For example, in the above embodiment, there is one polluted water inflow cylinder, but a plurality of polluted water inflow cylinders may be provided radially along the peripheral surface of the water tank body.

上記の実施の形態では、上昇流抑止板の上端と上澄み水排水管の上端とが同じ高さ位置であったが、上澄み水排水管の上端の位置を、上昇流抑止板の上端より高い位置にしても構わない。
上記の実施の形態では、固液分離装置で分離された固体粒子を直接、沈降槽としての集合枡の底に沈降させるようにしていたが、上記第２及び第３の実施の形態のような固液分離装置として、一旦、固液分離装置内に分離した固体粒子を溜めるようにしても構わない。 In the above embodiment, the upper end of the upward flow restraint plate and the upper end of the supernatant water drain pipe are at the same height, but the upper end position of the supernatant water drain pipe is higher than the upper end of the upward flow restraint plate. It doesn't matter.
In the above embodiment, the solid particles separated by the solid-liquid separation device are directly settled on the bottom of the collecting tank as a sedimentation tank, but as in the second and third embodiments. As the solid-liquid separator, the separated solid particles may be temporarily stored in the solid-liquid separator.

上記の実施の形態では、水処理装置に本発明の固液分離装置が１台だけ組み込まれていたが、さらに固液分離の精度を上げるように、上澄み水排水管から排水される第１の固液分離装置の上澄み水をさらに第２の固液分離装置の汚濁水流入筒部から第２の固液分離装置の固液分離水槽内に流入させるというように本発明の固液分離装置を多段に配置するようにしても構わない。
上記の実施の形態では、固液分離装置が全て熱可塑性樹脂で形成されていたが、金属で、繊維強化樹脂等の複合材料で形成されていても構わないし、いろいろな材料で形成された部材を組み合わせるようにしても構わない。 In the above embodiment, only one solid-liquid separation apparatus of the present invention is incorporated in the water treatment apparatus. However, the first drained from the supernatant water drain pipe is performed so as to further improve the accuracy of solid-liquid separation. The solid-liquid separator of the present invention is further flown from the contaminated water inflow cylinder of the second solid-liquid separator into the solid-liquid separator water tank of the second solid-liquid separator. It may be arranged in multiple stages.
In the above embodiment, the solid-liquid separation device is entirely made of thermoplastic resin, but it may be made of metal, a composite material such as fiber reinforced resin, or a member made of various materials. May be combined.

本発明の固液分離装置は、特に限定されないが、例えば、以下のような用途に用いられる。
（１）水処理設備の沈砂回収
（２） 雨水マスから雨水浸透施設へ混入する異物除去
（３） 浄化槽からのスラッジ除去
（４） 砂礫が混入する水源から連続的に水を田畑等へ供給する給水設備の異物除去 Although the solid-liquid separation apparatus of this invention is not specifically limited, For example, it is used for the following uses.
(1) Sand collection of water treatment equipment
(2) Removal of foreign matter from rainwater mass into rainwater infiltration facilities
(3) Sludge removal from septic tank
(4) Removal of foreign matter from water supply equipment that continuously supplies water to fields etc. from a water source mixed with gravel

Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ 固液分離装置
１ 固液分離水槽
１１ 水槽本体
１２ 水槽下端部
１３ 天板
１４ 固体粒子排出口
２ 汚濁水流入筒部
２１ 汚濁水入口（汚濁水の入口）
２２ 水槽流入口
２ｄ 下部壁（下側壁面）
３ 上澄み水排水管
３１ 垂直管部
４ 上昇流抑止板
５ ガイド板
７ 固体粒子
９ 水処理装置
９１ 集水枡（沈降槽）
９２ ストレーナ
Ｓ 隙間
Ｔ 仮想筒状部 A, B, C Solid-liquid separation device 1 Solid-liquid separation water tank 11 Water tank body 12 Water tank lower end 13 Top plate 14 Solid particle discharge port 2 Polluted water inflow cylinder 21 Polluted water inlet (polluted water inlet)
22 Water tank inlet 2d Lower wall (lower wall surface)
3 Supernatant Water Drain Pipe 31 Vertical Pipe 4 Upflow Suppression Plate 5 Guide Plate 7 Solid Particle 9 Water Treatment Device 91 Catchment (Settling Tank)
92 Strainer S Clearance T Virtual cylindrical part

Claims (11)

横断面が円形をした水槽本体と、この水槽本体に連設し、漏斗形状をするとともに、下端に固体粒子排出口を備えた水槽下端部とを有する固液分離水槽と、
一端が固液分離水槽外に突出し固体粒子を含む汚濁水の入口となり、他端が前記水槽本体内に開放された水槽流入口となり、前記汚濁水の入口から流入した汚濁水が水槽流入口から水槽本体の内壁面の接線方向に沿いながら固液分離水槽内に流入するように設けられた汚濁水流入筒部と、
下端側が水槽本体外に突出し、前記水槽本体の中心軸に沿うように設けられ、水槽本体の上部で上端が開口する垂直管部を上端側に有する上澄み水排水管と、
外径が水槽本体の内径より小径で、前記水槽流入口より上方で前記垂直管部を囲むように鍔状に張り出し、水槽本体中央部分を流れる上昇流による固体粒子の上昇を抑止する上昇流抑止板と、を備える固液分離装置であって、
前記水槽本体の内部が、前記水槽流入口から水槽本体内に流入した汚濁水が前記上昇流抑止板と水槽本体との隙間を通過する直前まで略一定速度で上昇する形状に構造されているとともに、前記上昇流抑止板が上昇してきた上昇流の一部を下降流に変化させる構造に形成されていることを特徴とする固液分離装置。 A water tank main body having a circular cross section, a solid-liquid separation water tank having a funnel shape connected to the water tank main body, and a water tank lower end having a solid particle discharge port at the lower end,
One end protrudes outside the solid-liquid separation water tank and becomes an inlet of contaminated water containing solid particles, and the other end becomes a water tank inlet opened in the water tank body, and the polluted water flowing in from the inlet of the contaminated water flows from the water tank inlet. A polluted water inflow tube portion provided to flow into the solid-liquid separation water tank along the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the water tank body,
The lower end side protrudes outside the water tank main body, is provided so as to be along the central axis of the water tank main body, and has a vertical pipe portion at the upper end at the upper end of the water tank main body.
Ascending flow restraint that prevents the solid particles from rising due to the upward flow that flows in the central part of the water tank body, and has an outer diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of the water tank body and projects upward in a bowl shape so as to surround the vertical pipe portion above the water tank inlet. A solid-liquid separator comprising a plate,
The inside of the water tank main body is structured in a shape that rises at a substantially constant speed until immediately before the contaminated water that has flowed into the water tank main body from the water tank inlet passes through the gap between the upward flow restraining plate and the water tank main body. The solid-liquid separation device is characterized in that the upward flow restraining plate is formed in a structure that changes a part of the upward flow that has risen to the downward flow. 上昇流抑止板の外径をｄ０、上昇流抑止板周囲の水槽本体の内径をｄ１としたとき、下式（１）
Figure 2011072904
 を満足する請求項１に記載の固液分離装置。 When the outer diameter of the upward flow restraint plate is d0 and the inner diameter of the water tank body around the upward flow restraint plate is d1, the following formula (1)
Figure 2011072904
 The solid-liquid separator according to claim 1 satisfying 水槽本体の内径をｄ１、予想流入量をＱとしたとき、
下式（２）で求まる水槽本体内の水の平均上昇流速Ｖ０と、
Figure 2011072904
 下式（３）で求まる汚濁水中の固体粒子の沈降速度Ｗ
Figure 2011072904
 （但し、式（３）中、ｇは重量加速度（ｍ／Ｓ2 ）、Ｃｄは抵抗係数、ｓは固体粒子の比重、ｄは固体粒子の平均粒径（ｍ）である）
が、W＞Ｖ０を満足する請求項１または請求項２に記載の固液分離装置。 When the inner diameter of the tank body is d1 and the expected inflow is Q,
The average rising velocity V0 of the water in the water tank body obtained by the following formula (2),
Figure 2011072904
 Settling velocity W of solid particles in polluted water obtained by the following formula (3)
Figure 2011072904
 (In the formula ( 3 ), g is weight acceleration (m / S 2 ), Cd is a resistance coefficient, s is specific gravity of solid particles, and d is an average particle size (m) of solid particles)
The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein W> V0 is satisfied. 汚濁水流入筒部が、高さ方向が長い四角形をした縦断面形状をしていることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項３のいずれかに記載の固液分離装置。   The solid-liquid separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polluted water inflow cylinder portion has a vertical cross-sectional shape having a rectangular shape with a long height direction. 汚濁水流入筒部が、汚濁水の入口から水槽流入口に向かって縦断面積が徐々に小さくなるように形成されている請求項1〜請求項４いずれかに記載の固液分離装置。   The solid-liquid separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polluted water inflow cylinder is formed so that a longitudinal sectional area gradually decreases from the polluted water inlet to the water tank inlet. 汚濁水流入筒部の下側壁面が、汚濁水の入口側から水槽流入口側に向かって下り勾配に形成されている請求項１〜請求項５のいずれかに記載の固液分離装置。   The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a lower wall surface of the polluted water inflow cylinder is formed in a descending gradient from the polluted water inlet side toward the water tank inlet side. 上昇流抑止板が、外縁部が中央に比べ固液分離水槽の底側に位置する略傘状に形成されている請求項１〜請求項６のいずれかに記載の固液分離装置。   The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the upward flow suppression plate is formed in a substantially umbrella shape with an outer edge portion positioned on the bottom side of the solid-liquid separation water tank as compared with the center. 上澄み水排水管が、直管であって、下端部が固体粒子排出口の中央を通り固液分離水槽外に突出している請求項１〜請求項７のいずれかに記載の固液分離装置。   The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the supernatant water drain pipe is a straight pipe, and a lower end portion protrudes outside the solid-liquid separation water tank through the center of the solid particle discharge port. 水槽本体の内壁面に沿って上昇しようとする汚濁水の流れを抑える庇状をしたガイド板が、少なくとも水槽流入口直上部を含み、汚濁水の水槽本体への流入方向下流側にかけて水槽本体内壁面から突出するように設けられている請求項１〜請求項８のいずれかに記載の固液分離装置。   A guide plate in the shape of a bowl that suppresses the flow of contaminated water that is going to rise along the inner wall surface of the aquarium body includes at least the upper part of the aquarium inflow port. The solid-liquid separator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is provided so as to protrude from the wall surface. 水槽本体が上部を塞ぐ天板を有し、上昇流抑止板の外縁から立ち上がり、上端が天板の下面に達する仮想筒状部の外周表面積が、前記上昇流抑止板と水槽本体との隙間部分の水平断面積より大きい請求項１〜請求項９のいずれかに記載の固液分離装置。   The water tank body has a top plate that closes the upper part, rises from the outer edge of the upward flow restraint plate, and the outer peripheral surface area of the virtual cylindrical part whose upper end reaches the lower surface of the top plate is the gap portion between the upward flow restraint plate and the water tank body The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the solid-liquid separation device is larger than the horizontal cross-sectional area. 入口側に汚濁水中の大型汚濁成分を除去するストレーナを有し、流入した汚濁水を貯めて、この汚濁水中の固形分を沈降させる沈降槽内に、請求項１〜請求項１０のいずれかに記載の固液分離装置を、上澄み水排水管の出口側を沈降槽外に臨ませた状態で前記沈降槽内に配置したことを特徴とする水処理装置。   In the sedimentation tank which has a strainer which removes the large pollutant component in polluted water in the entrance side, stores the polluted water which flowed in, and settles solid content in this polluted water, in any one of claims 1-10 A water treatment apparatus, wherein the solid-liquid separation apparatus described above is disposed in the settling tank with the outlet side of the supernatant water drain pipe facing the outside of the settling tank.
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