JP2011035386A - 有機電子素子用機能性膜 - Google Patents
有機電子素子用機能性膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011035386A JP2011035386A JP2010153773A JP2010153773A JP2011035386A JP 2011035386 A JP2011035386 A JP 2011035386A JP 2010153773 A JP2010153773 A JP 2010153773A JP 2010153773 A JP2010153773 A JP 2010153773A JP 2011035386 A JP2011035386 A JP 2011035386A
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- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KXUHSQYYJYAXGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KXUHSQYYJYAXGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GCICAPWZNUIIDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium magnesium Chemical compound [Li].[Mg] GCICAPWZNUIIDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium silver Chemical compound [Mg].[Ag] SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyltrioctylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-4-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]aniline Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002791 naphthoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AHKZTVQIVOEVFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxide(2-) Chemical compound [O-2] AHKZTVQIVOEVFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005740 oxycarbonyl group Chemical group [*:1]OC([*:2])=O 0.000 description 1
- 229960003540 oxyquinoline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006340 pentafluoro ethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 1
- 125000005003 perfluorobutyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005005 perfluorohexyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005007 perfluorooctyl group Chemical group FC(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000548 poly(silane) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003219 pyrazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJMWRROPUADPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZJMWRROPUADPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N zafuleptine Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(C(C)C)NCC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】式(1)で表される化合物と、亜鉛、クロムおよびマンガンを初めとする特定の遷移金属の金属塩とからなる組み合わせであって、その光の吸収スペクトルを一階微分形で表した曲線が、240nm〜400nmの波長範囲に有する最小値に対してその4分の1よりも小さい極小値を430nm〜800nmの範囲に有しない組み合わせを含む有機電子素子用機能性膜。
【化1】
(ここで、Arはn価の共役基を表し、Jは前記金属塩を構成する上記遷移金属のイオンに配位可能な原子を1個以上8個以下有する1価の配位基であり、nは2以上20以下の整数を表し、複数のJは同一でも異なっていてもよい。)
【選択図】なし
Description
下式(1)で表される化合物と、Al、Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Zn、Ga、Ge、Y、Zr、Nb、Mo、Ru、Pd、Ag、Cd、In、Sn、Sb、La、Ce、Eu、Hf、Ta、W、Re、Os、Ir、Pt、Au、Hg、Tl、PbおよびBiからなる群から選ばれる遷移金属(以下、「特定遷移金属」という)の金属塩との組み合わせであって、
その光の吸収スペクトルを一階微分形で表した曲線が、240nm〜400nmの波長範囲に有する最小値に対してその4分の1よりも小さい極小値を430nm〜800nmの範囲に有しない組み合わせを含む有機電子素子用機能性膜。
上記のフルオレン系化合物において、Jがビピリジル基、ターピリジル基またはフェナントロリニル基であるものが好ましい。
式(3)において、J1はビピリジル基、ターピリジル基またはフェナントロリニル基であることが好ましい。Rはアルキル基、アリール基またはアリールアルキル基であることが好ましい。
本発明の機能性膜は、所要の成分を通常溶媒に溶解した液状組成物として塗布、乾燥することにより形成することができる。該組成物には上記の組み合わせ以外の他の成分を必要に応じて配合することができる。
本発明の機能性膜は、導電性を有し、有機電子素子に、例えば電荷輸送層、電荷注入層として使用することができる。
有機トランジスタ素子は、上記機能性膜を含む有機トランジスタ素子である。以下、有機トランジスタ素子の一態様である電界効果トランジスタ素子を説明する。
本発明の機能性膜は有機光電変換素子(例えば、太陽電池)に用いることができる。
本発明の機能性膜は発光素子に用いることができる。
a)陽極/正孔輸送層/発光層/陰極
b)陽極/発光層/電子輸送層/陰極
c)陽極/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/陰極
(ここで、/は隣接して積層されている各層の境界を示す。以下同じ。)
d)陽極/電荷注入層/発光層/陰極
e)陽極/発光層/電荷注入層/陰極
f)陽極/電荷注入層/発光層/電荷注入層/陰極
g)陽極/電荷注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/陰極
h)陽極/正孔輸送層/発光層/電荷注入層/陰極
i)陽極/電荷注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電荷注入層/陰極
j)陽極/電荷注入層/発光層/電荷輸送層/陰極
k)陽極/発光層/電子輸送層/電荷注入層/陰極
l)陽極/電荷注入層/発光層/電子輸送層/電荷注入層/陰極
m)陽極/電荷注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電荷輸送層/陰極
n)陽極/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/電荷注入層/陰極
o)陽極/電荷注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/電荷注入層/陰極
p)陽極/絶縁層/正孔輸送層/発光層/陰極
q)陽極/正孔輸送層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
r)陽極/絶縁層/正孔輸送層/発光層/絶縁層/陰極
s)陽極/絶縁層/発光層/電子輸送層/陰極
t)陽極/発光層/電子輸送層/絶縁層/陰極
u)陽極/絶縁層/発光層/電子輸送層/絶縁層/陰極
v)陽極/絶縁層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/陰極
w)陽極/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/絶縁層/陰極
x)陽極/絶縁層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/絶縁層/陰極
(2,2’−(9,9−ジオクチル−9H−フルオレン−2,7−ジイル)ビス(1,3,2−ジオキサボラン)の合成)
窒素置換気流下で、2,7−ジブロモ−9,9−ジオクチルフルオレン80g(0.15 mol)を取り、1.08 Lのメチル−t−ブチルエーテルに溶解させた。−78 ℃まで冷却した後、n−ブチルリチウム(15重量%ヘキサン溶液) 240mL (0.38 mol)を滴下し、0 ℃で2時間撹拌し再び−78℃まで冷却した。続いてボロン酸トリイソプロピル71.3g (0.38 mol)を滴下し室温で一晩放置した。反応液を0℃まで冷却した後、撹拌しながらイオン交換水(300mL)を滴下し、30分撹拌した後に30分静置して濃縮した。残渣を0℃まで冷却し35重量%塩酸80 mLをイオン交換水1Lで希釈した塩酸水溶液を注いで加水分解を行い、トルエンで抽出し濃縮し、窒素気流下で硫酸マグネシウム164.1g(0.34 mol)を添加した。その後、エチレングリコール51.08g(0.823mol)滴下し、室温で2時間撹拌した。反応終了後はろ過により硫酸マグネシウムを除去、溶媒を留去することで粘液状の粗生成物22gを得た。ヘキサン/アセトニトリルから再結晶をおこない、粉末状の生成物を得た。これを1H−NMRの測定に供し、下記のデータが得られた。これに基づいて、生成物は、2,2’−(9,9−ジオクチル−9H−フルオレン−2,7−ジイル)ビス(1,3,2−ジオキサボラン)であると同定した。
4’−ブロモ−2,2’:6’,2’’−ターピリジン(TCI社製)1.70g(5.45mmol)と2,2’−(9,9−ジオクチル−9H−フルオレン−2,7−ジイル)ビス(1,3,2−ジオキサボラン)1.16g(2.18mmol)をAliquat336(アルドリッチ社製)0.14gとテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(アルドリッチ社製)0.20g(0.17mmol)の存在下でテトラヒドロフラン(THF)68.0mL中でアルゴン雰囲気下で攪拌した。そこに炭酸ナトリウム1.385gの水溶液34.0mLを滴下し、3時間40分還流させた。冷却後、水洗しアセトニトリルに沈殿させ、濾過後、乾燥させて、粉末状の生成物を得た。これを1H−NMRの測定に供し、下記のデータが得られた。これに基づいて、生成物は、下記の式で表される化合物(以下、「化合物X」という)であることを同定した。収量1.009g、収率54.3%。
化合物X0.17g(0.20mmol)をトルエンに溶解させて205mLとした溶液に、酢酸亜鉛二水和物0.045g(0.20mmol)のメタノール溶液13mLを滴下し、100℃で3時間攪拌し、濃縮後に酢酸エチルに沈殿させ、遠心分離機で生成物を分離し、乾燥させた。下記式で表される化合物(以下、「化合物X−Zn」という)として、収量0.082g、収率39%。
得られた化合物X−Znを含む生成物1.5mgをメタノール1mLに溶かしスピンコート法によって厚さ10nmの膜を石英ガラス上に作製し、吸収スペクトルを測定した。図2に、そのスペクトルを(A)として示し、その一階微分曲線を(B)として、そして、それにスムージングを施した曲線を(C)として示す。(C)に示した曲線において、240nm〜400nmの範囲の最小値は247nmにおける−0.00213であり、その四分の一である−0.00053よりも小さい極小値は430nm〜800nmの範囲に認められない。
化合物X0.17g(0.20mmol)をトルエンに溶解させて205mLとした溶液に、酢酸コバルト四水和物0.050g(0.20mmol)をメタノールに溶解させて15mLとした溶液を滴下し、100℃で2時間半攪拌し、濃縮後にテトラヒドロフランに滴下して生成物を沈殿させ、上澄みを捨て、酢酸エチルで分散させて、遠心分離機で生成物を分離し、乾燥させた。下記の化合物X−Coとして、収量0.015g、収率7.3%。
得られた化合物X−Coを含む生成物について、実施例1と同様にして膜を作製し、吸収スペクトルを測定した。図3に、得られた吸収スペクトル(A)として示し、その一階微分曲線を(B)として、そして、それにスムージングを施した曲線を(C)として示す。曲線(C)において、240nmから400nmの範囲の最小値は249nmにおける−0.00224であり、その四分の一である−0.00056よりも小さい極小値−0.00058が波長430nmの位置に認められる。
−有機発光素子の製造−
陽極としてITOが成膜されパターニングされたガラス基板のITO陽極上に、正孔注入材料溶液としてポリ(3,4‐エチレンジオキシチオフェン)・ポリスチレンスルホン酸溶液(スタルクヴイテック(株)製、商品名「Baytron」)を用いて乾燥後の膜厚が60nmになるようにスピンコート法により塗布し、塗膜を形成した。この塗膜を形成した基板を200℃で10分加熱して、正孔注入層を形成した。
化合物X−Znの代わりに化合物X−Coを用いた以外は、実施例2と同様に操作し、有機発光素子2を得た。
化合物X−Znを含む層を形成しなかった以外は、実施例2と同様に操作し、有機発光素子3を得た。
上記で得られた有機発光素子1、2および3のおのおのに、10Vの順方向電圧を印加し、発光輝度と発光効率を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (21)
- 下式(1)で表される化合物と、Al、Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Zn、Ga、Ge、Y、Zr、Nb、Mo、Ru、Pd、Ag、Cd、In、Sn、Sb、La、Ce、Eu、Hf、Ta、W、Re、Os、Ir、Pt、Au、Hg、Tl、PbおよびBiからなる群から選ばれる遷移金属の金属塩との組み合わせであって、
その光の吸収スペクトルを一階微分形で表した曲線が、240nm〜400nmの波長範囲に有する最小値に対してその4分の1よりも小さい極小値を430nm〜800nmの範囲に有しない組み合わせを含む有機電子素子用機能性膜。
- 請求項1に記載の機能性膜であって、前記の式(1)で表される化合物と前記金属塩とからなる組み合わせが、該化合物と該金属イオンとで形成された錯体を含む機能性膜。
- 請求項1または2に記載の機能性膜であって、前記の式(1)で表される化合物/前記金属イオンのモル比が0.3〜5.0である機能性膜。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の機能性膜であって、配位基Jが有する前記配位可能な原子が炭素原子、窒素原子、酸素原子、硫黄原子またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせである機能性膜。
- 請求項4に記載の機能性膜であって、配位基Jが有する前記配位可能な原子が窒素原子である機能性膜。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の機能性膜であって、前記の金属イオンに配位基Jが配位可能な原子を1〜3個有する機能性膜。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の機能性膜であって、配位基Jがビピリジル基、ターピリジル基またはフェナントロリニル基である機能性膜。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の機能性膜であって、共役基Arが芳香族炭化水素基である機能性膜。
- 請求項8に記載の機能性膜であって、共役基Arがフェニレン基、フルオレンジイル基またはそれらの組み合わせを含む機能性膜。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の機能性膜からなる有機電子素子用電荷注入層。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の機能性膜からなる有機電子素子用電荷移動層。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の機能性膜と、該機能性膜の両側のおのおのに直接にまたは少なくとも一つの別の層を介して設けられた少なくとも一つの電極とを備えた有機電子素子。
- 有機発光素子、有機トランジスタ素子または有機光電変換素子である請求項12に記載の有機電子素子。
- 請求項12または13に記載の有機電子素子であって、該機能性膜と、該機能性膜の少なくとも片側に設けられた少なくとも一つの電極と、該機能性膜及び該電極の間に設けられた少なくとも一層の発光層を有し、発光性である有機電子素子。
- 請求項15に記載のフルオレン系化合物であって、前記の金属イオンに配位可能な原子が、炭素原子、窒素原子、酸素原子、硫黄原子またはそれらの2種以上の組み合わせであるフルオレン系化合物。
- 請求項16に記載のフルオレン系化合物であって、前記の金属イオンに配位可能な原子が窒素原子であるフルオレン系化合物。
- 請求項17に記載のフルオレン系化合物であって、Jがビピリジル基、ターピリジル基またはフェナントロリニル基であるフルオレン系化合物。
- 請求項15に記載の式(2)で表されるフルオレン系化合物と、Al、Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Zn、Ga、Ge、Y、Zr、Nb、Mo、Ru、Pd、Ag、Cd、In、Sn、Sb、La、Ce、Eu、Hf、Ta、W、Re、Os、Ir、Pt、Au、Hg、Tl、PbおよびBiからなる群から選ばれる遷移金属の金属塩とからなる錯体。
- 請求項20に記載の錯体であって、J1がビピリジル基、ターピリジル基またはフェナントロリニル基である錯体。
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