JP2010248585A - Method and apparatus for refining cast iron - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for refining cast iron Download PDF

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JP2010248585A
JP2010248585A JP2009100375A JP2009100375A JP2010248585A JP 2010248585 A JP2010248585 A JP 2010248585A JP 2009100375 A JP2009100375 A JP 2009100375A JP 2009100375 A JP2009100375 A JP 2009100375A JP 2010248585 A JP2010248585 A JP 2010248585A
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cast iron
furnace
refining
arc
arc furnace
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JP5574468B2 (en
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Kiyoshi Kinoshita
潔 木下
Takeshi Kinoshita
毅 木下
Satoshi Kinoshita
聡 木下
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KINOSHITA SEISAKUSHO KK
Kinoshita Manufactory Co Ltd
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Kinoshita Manufactory Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for refining a cast iron with which a necessary quantity of molten cast iron having low oxygen and low sulfur can be supplied by using an arc- furnace suitably used as a refining furnace without the need of a gas stirring means or electromagnetic induction stirring device. <P>SOLUTION: The method for refining the cast iron for continuously tapping the deoxidized molten cast iron by using a cast iron melting furnace and an arc-furnace under reducing atmosphere containing carbon, includes: supplying the molten cast iron from the cast iron-melting furnace to the arc-furnace; carrying out arc-discharge toward the molten cast iron supplied in the arc-furnace; and promoting a deoxidation reaction by high temperature and a generated stirring action. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、アーク炉により鋳鉄溶解炉から供給される所要量の溶湯の精錬を行い、薄肉球状黒鉛鋳鉄の製造に好適に使用される低酸素及び低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯を得る鋳鉄の精錬方法及び精錬装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a refining method for cast iron that performs refining of a required amount of molten metal supplied from a cast iron melting furnace by an arc furnace to obtain a low oxygen and low sulfur cast iron molten metal that is suitably used for producing thin-walled spheroidal graphite cast iron, and Refining equipment.

資源保護、省エネルギーに対する要請は最近特に高くなり、自動車部品を始め多くの産業機械において軽量化計画が強力に進められている。このような軽量化の要求に対し、薄肉球状黒鉛鋳鉄は、注目されている素材の一つである。   The demand for resource protection and energy saving has been particularly high recently, and weight reduction plans have been strongly promoted in many industrial machines including automobile parts. In response to such a demand for weight reduction, thin-walled spheroidal graphite cast iron is one of the materials attracting attention.

薄肉球状黒鉛鋳鉄の製造方法として、特許文献1に、大気中で鋳鉄溶湯に脱酸剤と溶剤を共添加して、鋳鉄溶湯中の溶存酸素を3massppm以下に、硫黄を0.01%以下に低下させる脱酸及び脱硫処理を行った後、該脱酸及び脱硫処理した溶湯に球状化剤を添加して球状化処理をする製造方法が提案されている。そして、その明細書に、CaSiを脱酸剤、CaF2を溶剤として高周波誘導電気炉により溶解した鋳鉄溶湯について、そのような添加を行わないものの溶存酸素4.8ppmから1.5ppmに、また、硫黄含有量0.012%から0.0018%に減少できたとの記載がある。 As a method for producing thin-walled spheroidal graphite cast iron, Patent Document 1 discloses that a deoxidizer and a solvent are co-added to a cast iron melt in the atmosphere to reduce dissolved oxygen in the cast iron melt to 3 massppm or less and sulfur to 0.01% or less. There has been proposed a production method in which after deoxidation and desulfurization treatment to be reduced, a spheroidizing agent is added to the deoxidized and desulfurized molten metal to perform spheroidization treatment. And in the specification, about the cast iron melt melted by a high frequency induction electric furnace using CaSi as a deoxidizer and CaF 2 as a solvent, dissolved oxygen is not added, but from 4.8 ppm to 1.5 ppm, and also contains sulfur There is a description that the amount could be reduced from 0.012% to 0.0018%.

特許文献2に、酸素(O)及び硫黄(S)の組成がそれぞれ質量%で、O:25ppm以下、S:0.004〜0.015%含まれる薄肉球状黒鉛鋳鉄が提案されている。そして、その明細書に、ダライ粉を用いたアーク炉によれば、溶湯中の酸素量を10〜20ppm、硫黄量を20〜35×10-4%にすることができ、薄肉球状黒鉛鋳鉄を好適に製造することができるとの記載がある。 Patent Document 2 proposes a thin-walled spheroidal graphite cast iron containing oxygen (O) and sulfur (S) in mass%, O: 25 ppm or less, and S: 0.004 to 0.015%. And according to the specification, according to the arc furnace using Dalai powder, the oxygen content in the molten metal can be 10-20 ppm, the sulfur content can be 20-35 × 10 −4 %, and the thin spheroidal graphite cast iron There is a description that it can be preferably produced.

また、対象材料が鋳鋼であるが、特許文献3に、炉外精錬設備等を使用せず、アーク炉単独で比較的短時間に低濃度まで溶鋼中の硫黄を除去(脱硫)することができるアーク炉での脱硫精錬用フラックスが提案されている。そして、その明細書に、アーク炉にて鋳鋼用の溶鋼(材質:SC480、溶解量:18トン)を溶解・精錬するに際して、酸化期のスラグを除去した後にCa-Si、Al等で溶鋼を脱酸し、その後に酸化カルシウム:酸化アルミニウム:弗化カルシウム=70:30:10からなるフラックスを750kg投入し、鋼管を介してアルゴンガスを溶鋼中に5分間吹き込んで還元精錬を行った場合に、還元期初期に0.011wt.%であった硫黄濃度が出鋼後の取鍋中では0.004wt.%まで減少したとの記載がある。   Further, although the target material is cast steel, in Patent Document 3, sulfur in molten steel can be removed (desulfurized) to a low concentration in a relatively short time by using an arc furnace alone without using an outside furnace refining equipment or the like. A flux for desulfurization refining in an arc furnace has been proposed. And in the specification, when melting and refining molten steel for cast steel (material: SC480, melting amount: 18 tons) in an arc furnace, after removing the slag in the oxidation phase, the molten steel is added with Ca-Si, Al, etc. When deoxidation is performed, and then 750 kg of flux consisting of calcium oxide: aluminum oxide: calcium fluoride = 70: 30: 10 is introduced and argon gas is blown into the molten steel for 5 minutes through a steel pipe for refining. There is a description that the sulfur concentration, which was 0.011 wt.% At the beginning of the reduction period, decreased to 0.004 wt.% In the ladle after steelmaking.

特許文献4に、10wt%以上のCr含み、かつCが0.1wt%以下である、含クロム溶鋼の溶製方法において、スラグ存在下のアーク炉で、二次精錬炉に受鋼したときの溶鋼の硫黄含有量が30ppm以下となるように底吹き精錬法により脱硫した後、前記二次精錬炉に前記溶鋼を前記スラグとともに受鋼し、さらに精錬することを特徴とする含クロム低硫黄鋼の溶製方法が提案されている。そして、その明細書に、本提案の発明においては、アーク炉の底吹撹拌を行うので、還元期において、溶鋼−スラグ間の精錬反応が促進され、還元期において約35ppmにまで脱硫できるとともに、アーク炉出鋼時の混合・撹拌により、約20ppm程度以下にまで低硫化できるとの記載がある。   In Patent Document 4, in a method for producing chromium-containing molten steel containing 10 wt% or more of Cr and C of 0.1 wt% or less, molten steel received by a secondary refining furnace in an arc furnace in the presence of slag. Of the chromium-containing low-sulfur steel, wherein the molten steel is received together with the slag in the secondary smelting furnace after desulfurization by a bottom blowing refining method so that the sulfur content of the steel is 30 ppm or less. A melting method has been proposed. And in the specification of the present invention, since the bottom blowing stirring of the arc furnace is performed, the refining reaction between the molten steel and the slag is promoted in the reduction phase, and can be desulfurized to about 35 ppm in the reduction phase. There is a description that it can be reduced to about 20 ppm or less by mixing and stirring at the time of arc furnace steelmaking.

特許文献5に、アーク溶解炉または転炉にて製造された溶鋼を取鍋に移注してガス撹拌により精錬し、次いで環流式真空脱ガスを行った後、鋳造して鋳塊を製造する鋼の製造工程において、取鍋に電磁誘導撹拌装置を設けてガス撹拌に付加して電磁撹拌して50分〜80分間の取鍋精錬を行うことを特徴とする高清浄度鋼の製造方法が提案されている。そして、その明細書に、SCM435の溶解について、発明例の場合は、製品酸素量が5.4〜6.6ppm、鋼材100g中の20μm以上の介在物の個数が5〜14個であり、最大予測介在物径が最大で30.6μmであったのに対し、電磁撹拌を行わなかった場合は、製品酸素量は比較的少ないがそれでも発明例よりやや多く(6.9〜9.4ppm)、鋼材100g中の20μm以上の介在物の個数は42〜59個と発明例に比し極めて多く、最大予測介在物径も55.2〜91.0μmと発明例に比し大きいとの記載がある。   In Patent Document 5, molten steel produced in an arc melting furnace or converter is transferred to a ladle, refined by gas stirring, and then subjected to reflux vacuum degassing and then cast to produce an ingot. In the steel manufacturing process, an electromagnetic induction stirrer is provided in the ladle, added to the gas agitation, and electromagnetically stirred to perform ladle refining for 50 to 80 minutes. Proposed. And in the specification, for the dissolution of SCM435, in the case of the invention example, the product oxygen amount is 5.4 to 6.6 ppm, the number of inclusions of 20 μm or more in 100 g of steel material is 5 to 14, and the maximum predicted inclusion Although the diameter was 30.6 μm at the maximum, when no magnetic stirring was performed, the amount of product oxygen was relatively small but still slightly higher (6.9 to 9.4 ppm) than 20 μm in 100 g of steel. There is a description that the number of inclusions is 42 to 59, which is much larger than that of the invention example, and the maximum predicted inclusion diameter is 55.2 to 91.0 μm, which is larger than that of the invention example.

特開2007-204815号公報JP 2007-204815 特許第4059290号公報Japanese Patent No. 4059290 特許平8-120323号公報Japanese Patent No. 8-120323 特開平7-90348号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-90348 特開2001-342515号公報JP 2001-342515 A

薄肉球状黒鉛鋳鉄の製造においては、球状化処理を行う鋳鉄溶湯が低酸素及び低硫黄であることが重要である。溶湯の流動性を確保するには低酸素で鋳鉄溶湯中の非金属介在物が少ないのがよく、チル化を阻止するには適度の硫黄含有量であるのがよい。また、薄肉球状黒鉛鋳鉄の自動車部品等への適用を考慮すると、低酸素及び低硫黄の大量の鋳鉄溶湯が要求される。   In the production of thin spheroidal graphite cast iron, it is important that the cast iron melt to be spheroidized has low oxygen and low sulfur. In order to ensure the fluidity of the molten metal, the oxygen content should be low and the non-metallic inclusions in the cast iron molten metal should be small. In order to prevent chilling, the sulfur content should be moderate. In consideration of application of thin-walled spheroidal graphite cast iron to automobile parts and the like, a large amount of molten iron with low oxygen and low sulfur is required.

このような要求に対して、特許文献1に記載の方法は、溶湯中の溶存酸素量を少なくできるとしても非金属介在物を含めて少なくできるか不明である。また、高周波誘導電気炉の場合は、精錬作用を有していないので溶湯の特性が原料、溶解条件又は溶解過程等によって大きく変化するという問題がある。また、特許文献3〜5によると、脱硫又は脱酸を促進させるには、溶湯の撹拌が重要であることが示されており、種々の原料を用いて安定して低酸素及び低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯を得るには、物理的な撹拌作用を有する溶解炉の方が好ましい。特に、特許文献3によると、特許文献1の場合と同様の脱酸剤及び脱硫剤を使用して同様な脱硫性能が得られているが、アルゴンの吹き込み撹拌による脱硫作用の促進が大きいことが示されている。   In response to such a requirement, it is unclear whether the method described in Patent Document 1 can reduce the amount of dissolved oxygen in the molten metal including non-metallic inclusions. In addition, in the case of a high frequency induction electric furnace, there is a problem that the characteristics of the molten metal vary greatly depending on the raw material, melting conditions, melting process, and the like because it does not have a refining action. Further, according to Patent Documents 3 to 5, it is shown that stirring of molten metal is important for promoting desulfurization or deoxidation, and stable casting of low oxygen and low sulfur using various raw materials. In order to obtain a molten metal, a melting furnace having a physical stirring action is preferred. In particular, according to Patent Document 3, similar desulfurization performance is obtained using the same deoxidizing agent and desulfurizing agent as in Patent Document 1, but the acceleration of the desulfurization effect by argon blowing stirring is large. It is shown.

一方、特許文献2に記載のダライ粉を用いたアーク炉による方法は、小型アーク炉により銑ダライ又は鋼ダライ等の鉄鋼屑を原料とし、低酸素及び低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯を得ることができるので好ましい方法である。しかし、この方法は、高温の塩基性鉱滓層上においてアークの衝撃により鉄鋼屑を噴霧状又は雨状の溶滴とし、これを塩基性鉱滓層を通過又は濾過させて脱酸及び脱硫を行う方法であり、大量生産を行うには適さないという問題がある。また、銑ダライ又は鋼ダライ等は、CaC2及びCaOの粉末に被覆された特殊なものを使用しなければならないという問題もある。 On the other hand, the method using an arc furnace using Dalai powder described in Patent Document 2 can obtain a low oxygen and low sulfur cast iron melt using steel scrap such as firewood Dalai or steel Dalai as a raw material in a small arc furnace. This is the preferred method. However, this method is a method of performing deoxidation and desulfurization by making steel scraps into sprayed or rainy droplets by the impact of an arc on a high-temperature basic slag layer and passing or filtering this droplet through the basic slag layer. However, there is a problem that it is not suitable for mass production. Moreover, there is also a problem that special materials coated with CaC 2 and CaO powder must be used for rice palai or steel palai.

一般的には、アーク炉は、雰囲気を酸化性、還元性に自由に調整できる特徴をもっていることから大量の金属の精錬炉として広く使用されているが、溶鋼(溶鉄)及びスラグの撹拌作用が小さい。このためアーク炉には、特許文献3又は4に示すように脱酸及び脱硫反応を促進するためにガス撹拌手段が設けられている。しかしながら、アーク炉は、浴深が浅いため、効率的なガス撹拌を行うには不利であり、特許文献5に記載するように、ガス撹拌手段に加えてさらに電磁誘導撹拌装置が設けられる場合もある。   In general, arc furnaces are widely used as refining furnaces for large amounts of metal because they have the feature that the atmosphere can be freely adjusted to be oxidizable and reducible, but the stirring action of molten steel (molten iron) and slag is limited. small. For this reason, as shown in Patent Document 3 or 4, the arc furnace is provided with a gas stirring means for promoting deoxidation and desulfurization reactions. However, since the arc furnace has a shallow bath depth, it is disadvantageous for efficient gas stirring. As described in Patent Document 5, an electromagnetic induction stirring device may be provided in addition to the gas stirring means. is there.

本発明は、このような従来の問題点に鑑み、精錬炉として広く使用されるアーク炉を用いて鋳鉄溶湯の精錬を行う方法であって、ガス撹拌手段や電磁誘導撹拌装置を要せずに低酸素及び低硫黄であって所要量の鋳鉄溶湯を供給することができる鋳鉄の精錬方法及び精錬装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention is a method for refining molten cast iron using an arc furnace widely used as a refining furnace in view of such conventional problems, and does not require a gas stirring means or an electromagnetic induction stirring apparatus. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refining method and refining apparatus for cast iron that can supply a required amount of cast iron melt with low oxygen and low sulfur.

本発明者等は、アーク炉が、大量の金属の精錬炉として広く使用されていること、1600℃以上の高温が得られ温度制御が容易で浴深が浅いという構造的な特徴及びアーク炉による優れた脱酸及び脱硫性能に着目するとともに、アーク放電の衝撃作用を利用した溶湯の撹拌に関する知見を得て本発明を完成させた。   The inventors of the present invention are that the arc furnace is widely used as a refining furnace for a large amount of metal, has a structural feature that a high temperature of 1600 ° C. or higher is obtained, temperature control is easy, and the bath depth is shallow. In addition to paying attention to excellent deoxidation and desulfurization performance, the present invention was completed by obtaining knowledge about the stirring of the molten metal utilizing the impact action of arc discharge.

本発明に係る鋳鉄の精錬方法は、鋳鉄溶解炉と、炭素を含む還元性雰囲気下にあるアーク炉とによる脱酸された鋳鉄溶湯の連続出湯が可能な鋳鉄の精錬方法であって、前記鋳鉄溶解炉からの鋳鉄溶湯を前記アーク炉に供給し、そのアーク炉において供給された鋳鉄溶湯に向けてアーク放電を行い、高温度と生じさせた撹拌作用により脱酸反応を促進させることにより実施される。   A refining method for cast iron according to the present invention is a refining method for cast iron capable of continuously discharging a deoxidized cast iron melt using a cast iron melting furnace and an arc furnace in a reducing atmosphere containing carbon, wherein The cast iron melt from the melting furnace is supplied to the arc furnace, arc discharge is performed toward the cast iron melt supplied in the arc furnace, and the deoxidation reaction is promoted by the high temperature and the generated stirring action. The

また、本発明に係る鋳鉄の精錬方法は、鋳鉄溶解炉と、アーク炉とによる脱硫された鋳鉄溶湯の連続出湯が可能な鋳鉄の精錬方法であって、前記鋳鉄溶解炉からの鋳鉄溶湯を前記アーク炉に供給するとともに、そのアーク炉において供給された鋳鉄溶湯上に造滓剤を投入し、投入された造滓剤を介して前記鋳鉄溶湯に向けてアーク放電を行い、高温度と生じさせた撹拌作用により脱硫反応を促進させることにより実施される。   Further, the method for refining cast iron according to the present invention is a refining method for cast iron capable of continuous discharge of desulfurized cast iron melt by a cast iron melting furnace and an arc furnace, wherein the cast iron melt from the cast iron melting furnace is the above-mentioned In addition to supplying to the arc furnace, a filing agent is put on the cast iron melt supplied in the arc furnace, and arc discharge is performed to the cast iron melt through the added fouling agent to generate a high temperature. This is carried out by promoting the desulfurization reaction by the stirring action.

さらに、本発明に係る鋳鉄の精錬方法は、鋳鉄溶解炉と、炭素を含む還元性雰囲気下にあるアーク炉とによる脱酸及び脱硫された鋳鉄溶湯の連続出湯が可能な鋳鉄の精錬方法であって、前記鋳鉄溶解炉からの鋳鉄溶湯を前記アーク炉に供給するとともに、そのアーク炉において供給された鋳鉄溶湯上にチップ状原料及び造滓剤を投入し、投入されたチップ状原料と造滓剤に先端が埋没した状態の黒鉛電極により前記鋳鉄溶湯に向けてアーク放電を行い、高温度と前記チップ状原料が溶解されて前記鋳鉄溶湯に加えられた鋳鉄溶湯内に生じさせた撹拌作用により脱酸及び脱硫反応を促進させることにより実施される。   Furthermore, the refining method for cast iron according to the present invention is a refining method for cast iron capable of continuous discharge of deoxidized and desulfurized cast iron melt using a cast iron melting furnace and an arc furnace in a reducing atmosphere containing carbon. Then, the molten cast iron from the cast iron melting furnace is supplied to the arc furnace, and the chip-shaped raw material and the slagging agent are charged onto the cast iron molten metal supplied in the arc furnace, and the charged chip-shaped raw material and the slag are formed. Arc discharge is performed toward the cast iron melt by the graphite electrode with the tip buried in the agent, and the stirring action generated in the cast iron melt added to the cast iron melt by melting the chip-shaped raw material at a high temperature It is carried out by promoting deoxidation and desulfurization reactions.

上記精錬方法は、アーク炉から出湯される鋳鉄溶湯の酸素含有量をO:20ppm以下にすることができる脱酸性能を有し、また、アーク炉から出湯される鋳鉄溶湯の硫黄含有量をS:0.008%以下にすることができる脱硫性能を有する。   The above refining method has a deoxidizing performance that can reduce the oxygen content of the cast iron melt discharged from the arc furnace to O: 20 ppm or less, and the sulfur content of the cast iron melt discharged from the arc furnace is S : Desulfurization performance that can be 0.008% or less.

上記精錬方法においては、アーク炉から出湯される鋳鉄溶湯の温度は、1600〜2000℃に保持されているのがよい。   In the above refining method, the temperature of the molten cast iron discharged from the arc furnace is preferably maintained at 1600 to 2000 ° C.

本発明に係る精錬装置は、鋳鉄の溶解を行う鋳鉄溶解炉と、溶解された鋳鉄溶湯の精錬を行うアーク炉と、精錬された鋳鉄溶湯を貯留する前炉と、を有する低酸素及び低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯を供給する精錬装置であって、前記アーク炉は、前記鋳鉄溶解炉からの鋳鉄溶湯の受入又は前記前炉への出湯を調整するための制御手段を有している。   A refining apparatus according to the present invention comprises a cast iron melting furnace for melting cast iron, an arc furnace for refining the molten cast iron melt, and a pre-furnace for storing the refined cast iron melt. The said arc furnace has a control means for adjusting reception of the cast iron molten metal from the said cast iron melting furnace, or the tapping to the front furnace.

本発明に係る鋳鉄の精錬方法によれば、低酸素及び低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯を得るためにガス撹拌手段や電磁誘導撹拌装置を必要とせず低酸素及び低硫黄であって所要量の鋳鉄溶湯を供給することができる。そして、本精錬方法によって得られた低酸素及び低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯は、溶湯中の酸化物、硫化物等の懸濁化合物が少ないため溶湯の流動性が高く、また、ドロス等の表面欠陥、引け巣等の内部欠陥が少ない耐熱及び耐疲労特性に優れた高品質の鋳鉄や薄肉球状黒鉛鋳鉄を製造することができる。   According to the method for refining cast iron according to the present invention, a low-oxygen and low-sulfur cast iron melt of low oxygen and low sulfur is required without requiring gas stirring means or an electromagnetic induction stirrer in order to obtain a low-oxygen and low-sulfur cast iron melt. Can be supplied. And the low oxygen and low sulfur cast iron melt obtained by this refining method has high fluidity of the melt because there are few suspended compounds such as oxides and sulfides in the melt, and surface defects such as dross, High quality cast iron and thin spheroidal graphite cast iron excellent in heat resistance and fatigue resistance with few internal defects such as shrinkage nests can be produced.

本発明に係る鋳鉄の精錬方法を説明する模式図である。It is a schematic diagram explaining the refining method of the cast iron which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る精錬装置の構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the refining apparatus which concerns on this invention.

以下、発明を実施するための形態について説明する。本発明に係る精錬方法は、所要の組成及び量の溶湯を鋳鉄溶解炉により製造し、製造された溶湯の所要の精錬をアーク炉によって行うことにより、低酸素および/または低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯を製造する方法であり、特に、アーク炉のアーク放電に伴う高温度と溶湯の撹拌作用により脱酸、脱硫反応を促進させて溶湯の精錬を行う精錬方法である。すなわち、本精錬方法は、図1に示すように、鋳鉄溶解炉(図示せず)から供給される溶湯15をアーク炉3により脱酸、脱硫し、低酸素および/または低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯16を得る精錬方法である。なお、アーク放電により生ずる2000℃を超える局部的な高温度は、反応速度をより一層増大させる効果がある。   Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the invention will be described. In the refining method according to the present invention, a molten metal having a required composition and quantity is produced by a cast iron melting furnace, and the required refining of the produced molten metal is performed by an arc furnace, thereby obtaining a low oxygen and / or low sulfur cast iron molten metal. In particular, it is a refining method for refining a molten metal by accelerating deoxidation and desulfurization reactions by a high temperature associated with arc discharge in an arc furnace and a stirring action of the molten metal. That is, in this refining method, as shown in FIG. 1, molten metal 15 supplied from a cast iron melting furnace (not shown) is deoxidized and desulfurized by an arc furnace 3, and low oxygen and / or low sulfur cast iron melt 16 is obtained. This is a refining method. In addition, the local high temperature exceeding 2000 degreeC which arises by arc discharge has the effect of further increasing reaction rate.

鋳鉄溶解炉は、所要の組成及び量の溶湯15を製造することができる溶解炉であれば足り、その形式を問わない。例えば、キューポラ、低周波又は高周波電気炉、あるいはアーク炉であってもよい。   The cast iron melting furnace is not particularly limited as long as it is a melting furnace capable of producing the molten metal 15 having a required composition and amount. For example, a cupola, a low frequency or high frequency electric furnace, or an arc furnace may be used.

アーク炉3は、本発明においては鋳鉄溶湯の精錬炉として使用される。すなわち、アーク炉3のアーク放電によって生ずる高温度と衝撃力により溶湯15やスラグ7を撹拌し、脱酸及び脱硫反応を促進させて溶湯15の精錬を行う。アーク放電による衝撃力の大きさ、また、その衝撃力を溶湯15やスラグ7に有効に作用させるように、アーク放電の条件やアーク炉の構造が撰ばれる。例えば、アーク炉3の炉床は、アーク放電による激しい損傷が防止できる程度に浅くするのがよい。   The arc furnace 3 is used as a refining furnace for molten cast iron in the present invention. That is, the molten metal 15 and the slag 7 are stirred by the high temperature and impact force generated by the arc discharge in the arc furnace 3, and the deoxidation and desulfurization reactions are promoted to refine the molten metal 15. The magnitude of the impact force caused by the arc discharge and the arc discharge conditions and the arc furnace structure are determined so that the impact force is effectively applied to the molten metal 15 and the slag 7. For example, the hearth of the arc furnace 3 should be shallow enough to prevent severe damage due to arc discharge.

電極5は、特に限定されないが、黒鉛電極であるのがよい。これにより、以下に説明するアーク炉3内を炭素を含む還元性雰囲気にすることが容易になる。また、電極5は、図1に示すように、大径であるのがよい。   The electrode 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a graphite electrode. Thereby, it becomes easy to make the inside of the arc furnace 3 described below into a reducing atmosphere containing carbon. The electrode 5 is preferably large in diameter as shown in FIG.

脱酸を行う場合は、アーク炉3は炭素を含む還元性雰囲気になっていればよい。一方、脱硫を行う場合は、図1に示すように溶湯15の表面にスラグ7を形成するような造滓剤をアーク炉3に投入する。造滓剤は、炭化カルシウム(CaC2)、酸化カルシウム(CaO)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)を使用することができる。また、フッ化カルシウム(CaF2)を添加することができる。 When performing deoxidation, the arc furnace 3 may be in a reducing atmosphere containing carbon. On the other hand, when desulfurization is performed, as shown in FIG. 1, a slagging agent that forms slag 7 on the surface of the molten metal 15 is put into the arc furnace 3. Calcium carbide (CaC 2 ), calcium oxide (CaO), and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) can be used as the faux former. Further, calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) can be added.

また、図1に示すように、電極5の先端部が切屑、鉄屑等のチップ状原料と造滓剤との混合材8に埋没した状態で脱酸及び脱硫を行うことができる。この場合は、チップ状原料がアーク放電により雨滴状に溶解されスラグ7を経て低酸素及び低硫黄になった清浄な溶湯として溶湯15に供給されるとともに、溶湯15の脱酸及び脱硫作用が促進される。また、電極5の先端がチップに埋没しているので、アーク放電が安定し、アーク放電時の騒音を防止することができる。なお、造滓剤は、チップ状原料中にばらまくような状態で添加すれば足りる。   Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, deoxidation and desulfurization can be performed in a state in which the tip portion of the electrode 5 is buried in a mixed material 8 of chip-shaped raw materials such as chips and iron scraps and a slagging agent. In this case, the chip-shaped raw material is melted in the form of raindrops by arc discharge and supplied to the molten metal 15 as a clean molten metal having low oxygen and low sulfur through the slag 7, and the deoxidation and desulfurization action of the molten metal 15 is promoted. Is done. In addition, since the tip of the electrode 5 is buried in the tip, arc discharge is stable and noise during arc discharge can be prevented. It should be noted that it is sufficient to add the koji-making agent in a state where it is dispersed in the chip-shaped raw material.

本発明によれば、アーク炉3から出湯される脱酸された鋳鉄溶湯16の酸素含有量をO:20ppm以下にすることができる。また、アーク炉3から出湯される脱硫された鋳鉄溶湯16の硫黄含有量をS:0.008%以下にすることができる。これにより、鋳鉄溶湯の硫黄含有量を容易に調整することができ、所要の硫黄含有量の薄肉球状黒鉛鋳鉄を製造することができる。なお、酸素含有量は、溶存酸素及び酸化物中の酸素等を含む全酸素含有量を示す。また、図1の例においては、脱酸、脱硫された低酸素および/または低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯16は、出湯口9から連続的に出湯されるようになっている。   According to the present invention, the oxygen content of the deoxidized cast iron melt 16 discharged from the arc furnace 3 can be O: 20 ppm or less. Further, the sulfur content of the desulfurized cast iron melt 16 discharged from the arc furnace 3 can be made S: 0.008% or less. Thereby, the sulfur content of the cast iron melt can be easily adjusted, and a thin spheroidal graphite cast iron having a required sulfur content can be produced. The oxygen content represents the total oxygen content including dissolved oxygen and oxygen in the oxide. In the example of FIG. 1, the deoxidized and desulfurized low oxygen and / or low sulfur cast iron melt 16 is continuously discharged from the tap 9.

出湯される低酸素および/または低硫黄に精錬された鋳鉄溶湯は、1600〜2000℃に保持されているのがよい。出湯される鋳鉄溶湯がこのような出湯温度に保持されていれば、アーク炉内の鋳鉄溶湯は高温度に保たれて脱酸、脱硫反応が促進される。そして、出湯される低酸素および/または低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯の再汚染を防止することができる。   The cast iron melt refined to low oxygen and / or low sulfur discharged is preferably maintained at 1600-2000 ° C. If the cast iron melt to be discharged is maintained at such a temperature, the cast iron melt in the arc furnace is maintained at a high temperature and the deoxidation and desulfurization reactions are promoted. In addition, it is possible to prevent recontamination of the low oxygen and / or low sulfur cast iron melted out.

上記本発明に係る鋳鉄の精錬方法は、以下の精錬装置により好適に実施することができる。すなわち、本精錬装置は、図2に示すように、鋳鉄の溶解を行う鋳鉄溶解炉30と、溶解された鋳鉄溶湯の精錬を行うアーク炉20と、精錬された鋳鉄溶湯を貯留する前炉40と、を有している。そして、アーク炉20は、精錬された鋳鉄溶湯を前炉40への出湯を調整するための制御手段25を有している。   The method for refining cast iron according to the present invention can be suitably implemented by the following refining apparatus. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the present refining apparatus includes a cast iron melting furnace 30 for melting cast iron, an arc furnace 20 for refining the molten cast iron, and a pre-furnace 40 for storing the refined cast iron melt. And have. The arc furnace 20 has a control means 25 for adjusting the discharge of the refined cast iron melt to the front furnace 40.

本制御手段25は、鋳鉄溶解炉30から供給される鋳鉄溶湯の量及び供給タイミングと、アーク炉20による精錬状況を判定し、精錬された鋳鉄溶湯の前炉40への出湯量及びタイミングを調整することができる。精錬状況は、精錬された鋳鉄溶湯の湯温、酸素及び硫黄含流量により判定できるようにすることができる。   This control means 25 determines the amount and supply timing of the cast iron melt supplied from the cast iron melting furnace 30 and the refining status of the arc furnace 20, and adjusts the amount and timing of the refining cast iron melt to the front furnace 40. can do. The refining situation can be determined by the hot water temperature, oxygen and sulfur content flow rate of the refined cast iron melt.

本精錬装置は、所定時間間隔で鋳鉄の溶解を行うのに適した高周波溶解炉式の鋳鉄溶解炉30に特に有効である。なお、制御手段25は、アーク炉20が鋳鉄溶解炉30から受け入れる鋳鉄溶湯の量及び供給タイミングを調整するものであってもよい。また、鋳鉄溶解炉30がキューポラのように所要量の鋳鉄溶湯を連続的に供給するのに適した炉である場合は、制御手段25を設けないで、連続的に精錬された鋳鉄溶湯を前炉40に出湯するようにすることができる。   This refining apparatus is particularly effective for a high-frequency melting furnace type cast iron melting furnace 30 suitable for melting cast iron at predetermined time intervals. The control means 25 may adjust the amount and supply timing of the cast iron melt that the arc furnace 20 receives from the cast iron melting furnace 30. In addition, when the cast iron melting furnace 30 is a furnace suitable for continuously supplying a required amount of molten cast iron, such as a cupola, the control means 25 is not provided, and the continuously refined cast iron molten metal is not used. The furnace 40 can be discharged.

3 アーク炉
5 電極
7 スラグ
8 混合材
9 出湯口
15 溶湯
16 鋳鉄溶湯
20 アーク炉
25 制御手段
30 鋳鉄溶解炉
40 前炉
3 Arc furnace
5 electrodes
7 Slag
8 Mixed materials
9 Outlet
15 Molten metal
16 Cast iron melt
20 arc furnace
25 Control means
30 Cast iron melting furnace
40 Forefire

Claims (7)

鋳鉄溶解炉と、炭素を含む還元性雰囲気下にあるアーク炉とによる脱酸された鋳鉄溶湯の連続出湯が可能な鋳鉄の精錬方法であって、
前記鋳鉄溶解炉からの鋳鉄溶湯を前記アーク炉に供給し、そのアーク炉において供給された鋳鉄溶湯に向けてアーク放電を行い、高温度と生じさせた撹拌作用により脱酸反応を促進させる鋳鉄の精錬方法。
A refining method of cast iron capable of continuously discharging a deoxidized cast iron melt by a cast iron melting furnace and an arc furnace in a reducing atmosphere containing carbon,
The cast iron melt supplied from the cast iron melting furnace is supplied to the arc furnace, arc discharge is performed toward the cast iron melt supplied in the arc furnace, and the deoxidation reaction is promoted by the high temperature and the generated stirring action. Refining method.
前記アーク炉から出湯される脱酸された鋳鉄溶湯は、O:20ppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋳鉄の精錬方法。   The method for refining cast iron according to claim 1, wherein the deoxidized cast iron melt discharged from the arc furnace is O: 20 ppm or less. 鋳鉄溶解炉と、アーク炉とによる脱硫された鋳鉄溶湯の連続出湯が可能な鋳鉄の精錬方法であって、
前記鋳鉄溶解炉からの鋳鉄溶湯を前記アーク炉に供給するとともに、そのアーク炉において供給された鋳鉄溶湯上に造滓剤を投入し、投入された造滓剤を介して前記鋳鉄溶湯に向けてアーク放電を行い、高温度と生じさせた撹拌作用により脱硫反応を促進させる鋳鉄の精錬方法。
A refining method of cast iron capable of continuous discharge of desulfurized cast iron melt by a cast iron melting furnace and an arc furnace,
The cast iron melt from the cast iron melting furnace is supplied to the arc furnace, and a fouling agent is charged on the cast iron melt supplied in the arc furnace, and directed toward the cast iron melt through the charged fouling agent. A method for refining cast iron in which arc discharge is performed and the desulfurization reaction is accelerated by a high temperature and the generated stirring action.
前記アーク炉から出湯される脱硫された鋳鉄溶湯は、S:0.008%以下であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の鋳鉄の精錬方法。   4. The method for refining cast iron according to claim 3, wherein the desulfurized cast iron melt discharged from the arc furnace is S: 0.008% or less. 鋳鉄溶解炉と、炭素を含む還元性雰囲気下にあるアーク炉とによる脱酸及び脱硫された鋳鉄溶湯の連続出湯が可能な鋳鉄の精錬方法であって、
前記鋳鉄溶解炉からの鋳鉄溶湯を前記アーク炉に供給するとともに、そのアーク炉において供給された鋳鉄溶湯上にチップ状原料及び造滓剤を投入し、投入されたチップ状原料と造滓剤に先端が埋没した状態の黒鉛電極により前記鋳鉄溶湯に向けてアーク放電を行い、高温度と前記チップ状原料が溶解されて前記鋳鉄溶湯に加えられた鋳鉄溶湯内に生じさせた撹拌作用により脱酸及び脱硫反応を促進させる鋳鉄の精錬方法。
A refining method of cast iron capable of continuous discharge of deoxidized and desulfurized cast iron melt by a cast iron melting furnace and an arc furnace in a reducing atmosphere containing carbon,
The cast iron melt from the cast iron melting furnace is supplied to the arc furnace, and the chip-shaped raw material and the slagging agent are put on the cast iron melt supplied in the arc furnace, and the chip-shaped raw material and the slagging agent are charged. Arc discharge is performed toward the cast iron melt by the graphite electrode with the tip buried, and the deoxidation is caused by the stirring action generated in the cast iron melt added to the cast iron melt by melting the chip-shaped raw material at a high temperature. And a method for refining cast iron to promote desulfurization reaction.
前記アーク炉から出湯される鋳鉄溶湯の温度は、1600〜2000℃に保持されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の鋳鉄の精錬方法。   The method for refining cast iron according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the temperature of the molten cast iron discharged from the arc furnace is maintained at 1600 to 2000 ° C. 鋳鉄の溶解を行う鋳鉄溶解炉と、溶解された鋳鉄溶湯の精錬を行うアーク炉と、精錬された鋳鉄溶湯を貯留する前炉と、を有する低酸素及び低硫黄の鋳鉄溶湯を供給する精錬装置であって、
前記アーク炉は、前記鋳鉄溶解炉からの鋳鉄溶湯の受入又は前記前炉への出湯を調整するための制御手段を有するものである精錬装置。
A refining apparatus for supplying a low-oxygen and low-sulfur cast iron melt having a cast iron melting furnace for melting cast iron, an arc furnace for refining the molten cast iron melt, and a pre-furnace for storing the refined cast iron melt Because
The said arc furnace is a refining apparatus which has a control means for adjusting acceptance of the cast iron molten metal from the said cast iron melting furnace, or the tapping to the said front furnace.
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