JP2010209651A - Cutter bit of tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Cutter bit of tunnel excavator Download PDF

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JP2010209651A
JP2010209651A JP2009060018A JP2009060018A JP2010209651A JP 2010209651 A JP2010209651 A JP 2010209651A JP 2009060018 A JP2009060018 A JP 2009060018A JP 2009060018 A JP2009060018 A JP 2009060018A JP 2010209651 A JP2010209651 A JP 2010209651A
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cutter head
cutter
sand
shank
bit
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Makoto Sugimori
真 杉森
Takashi Nakane
隆 中根
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutter bit for a tunnel excavator which can prevent the accumulation of excavated earth and sand at the bottom of a thread at the back of the double-head type cutter bit by a simple structure and can increase its life. <P>SOLUTION: The cutter bit 5 for the tunnel excavator has a shank 8, a pair of cemented carbide tips 6,7, and a back 9. The shank 8 is attached to a cutter head 4 which is driven in the normal direction or in the reverse direction around an axis in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel. The pair of cemented carbide tips 6, 7 are provided in the rotation circumferential direction of the cutter head 4 at spaces, and the back 9 is formed in a valley shape at the working face side of the shank 8 between the cemented carbide tips so that the center of the cutter head 4 in the rotation circumferential direction A can be recessed. An earth-and-sand flowing part 10 which is shaped like a mountain is formed at the bottom 9c of the thread at the back of the shank 8 in order to discharge the excavated earth and sand which flow from the cemented carbide tips 6, 7 to the bottom 9c of the thread along the rotation circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4, to the inside and the outside of the cutter head 4 in the rotation radial direction B. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、トンネル掘削機に備えられトンネル長手方向の軸廻りに正回転又は逆回転駆動されるカッタヘッドに取り付けられるカッタビットに係り、特に、正回転用の超硬チップと逆回転用の超硬チップとを共通のシャンクに設けたトンネル掘削機用のカッタビットに関する。   The present invention relates to a cutter bit that is provided in a tunnel excavator and is attached to a cutter head that is driven to rotate forward or backward about an axis in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and in particular, a carbide tip for forward rotation and an ultra-hard for reverse rotation. The present invention relates to a cutter bit for a tunnel excavator in which a hard tip and a common shank are provided.

図１（ａ）、図１（ｂ）に示すように、トンネル掘削機（シールド掘進機）１は、一般に、筒状のシールドフレーム２と、シールドフレーム２内を前後に仕切る隔壁３と、隔壁３に回転可能に支持されたカッタヘッド４と、カッタヘッド４に取り付けられたカッタビット５と、カッタヘッド４を正回転又は逆回転する駆動装置（図示せず）と、シールドフレーム２内でセグメントをリング状に組み立てるエレクタ（図示せず）と、エレクタで組み立てられたセグメントに反力を取ってシールドフレーム２を前進させるシールドジャッキ（図示せず）とを備えており、シールドジャッキによりカッタヘッド４を切羽に押し付けた状態でカッタヘッド４を正回転又は逆回転することで、カッタビット５で切羽を切削する。なお、カッタヘッド４は、図例では、回転中心に配置されたセンター部４ａにカッタスポーク４ｂを放射状に取り付けた所謂スポークタイプであるが、面板状のタイプもある。   As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), a tunnel excavator (shield excavator) 1 generally includes a cylindrical shield frame 2, a partition 3 that partitions the shield frame 2 back and forth, and a partition 3, a cutter head 4 rotatably supported by 3, a cutter bit 5 attached to the cutter head 4, a drive device (not shown) for rotating the cutter head 4 forward or backward, and a segment in the shield frame 2. And a shield jack (not shown) for advancing the shield frame 2 by taking a reaction force on the segment assembled by the ejector, and the cutter head 4 by the shield jack. When the cutter head 4 is pressed against the face, the cutter head 4 is rotated forward or backward to cut the face with the cutter bit 5. In the illustrated example, the cutter head 4 is a so-called spoke type in which cutter spokes 4b are radially attached to a center portion 4a arranged at the center of rotation, but there is also a face plate type.

図２に示すように、カッタヘッド４（カッタスポーク４ｂ）に取り付けられるカッタビット５Ｊとして、カッタヘッド４が正回転されたときに切羽を切削する正回転用の超硬チップ６と、カッタヘッド４が逆回転されたときに切羽を切削する逆回転用の超硬チップ７とを、共通のシャンク８に設けた双頭式のカッタビット５Ｊが知られている（特許文献１参照）。このカッタビット５Ｊは、カッタヘッド４に装着されるシャンク８と、シャンク８にカッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａに間隔を隔てて設けられた一対の超硬チップ６、７と、超硬チップ６、７間のシャンク８の切羽側面に谷状（Ｖ字状）に形成された背面部９とを備えている。この背面部９は、一方の超硬チップ６に続く斜面９ａと、他方の超硬チップ７に続く斜面９ｂと、これら斜面９ａ、９ｂが交わる谷底９ｃとから成る。かかるカッタビット５Ｊは、カッタヘッド４が正回転されたときには正回転用の超硬チップ６で切羽を切削し、カッタヘッド４が逆回転されたときには逆回転用の超硬チップ７で切羽を切削する。   As shown in FIG. 2, as a cutter bit 5J attached to the cutter head 4 (cutting pork 4b), a carbide tip 6 for forward rotation that cuts the face when the cutter head 4 is rotated forward, and the cutter head 4 There is known a double-headed cutter bit 5J in which a cemented carbide tip 7 for reverse rotation that cuts a face when it is reversely rotated is provided in a common shank 8 (see Patent Document 1). The cutter bit 5J includes a shank 8 attached to the cutter head 4, a pair of cemented carbide chips 6 and 7 provided on the shank 8 at an interval in the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4, and a cemented carbide chip 6 , 7 on the face side of the shank 8 and a back surface portion 9 formed in a valley shape (V shape). The back surface portion 9 is composed of a slope 9a following one carbide tip 6, a slope 9b following the other carbide tip 7, and a valley bottom 9c where the slopes 9a and 9b intersect. The cutter bit 5J cuts the face with the carbide tip 6 for forward rotation when the cutter head 4 is rotated forward, and cuts the face with the carbide tip 7 for reverse rotation when the cutter head 4 is rotated reversely. To do.

このような双頭式のカッタビット５Ｊにおいては、切羽を切削することで生じた掘削土砂が背面部９の谷底９ｃに溜まり、背面部９が摩耗し易いという問題がある。すなわち、カッタヘッド４を正回転した場合、正回転用の超硬チップ６により切削された切羽の掘削土砂は、カッタヘッド４の回転に伴ってその超硬チップ６から斜面９ａを下って谷底９ｃに至るが、そこからは登りの斜面９ｂになっているのでその谷底９ｃに溜まり易い。そして、谷底９ｃに溜まった掘削土砂は、シールドジャッキによるカッタヘッド４の切羽への押付力により圧密されて谷底９ｃに固着する場合がある。こうして、圧密されて固着された掘削土砂は、カッタヘッド４の振動や回転径方向Ｂの土砂流れ等によって谷底９ｃから離脱するとき、シールドジャッキによる押付力で谷底９ｃに押し付けられつつ離脱するので、背面部９が摩耗（流れ摩耗）し易い。背面部９が或る程度摩耗すると、超硬チップ６、７がシャンク８から欠落する可能性もある。   In such a double-headed cutter bit 5J, there is a problem that excavated earth and sand generated by cutting the cutting face accumulates in the valley bottom 9c of the back surface portion 9, and the back surface portion 9 is easily worn. That is, when the cutter head 4 is rotated forward, the cut excavated earth and sand cut by the carbide tip 6 for forward rotation descends the slope 9a from the carbide tip 6 along with the rotation of the cutter head 4, and the valley bottom 9c. However, since it is the slope 9b of the climb from there, it is easy to accumulate on the valley bottom 9c. And the excavated earth and sand collected on the valley bottom 9c may be consolidated by the pressing force of the cutter head 4 against the face of the cutter head 4 by a shield jack and may be fixed to the valley bottom 9c. Thus, when the excavated earth and sand which are consolidated and fixed are separated from the valley bottom 9c by vibration of the cutter head 4 or the earth and sand flow in the rotational radial direction B, the excavated earth and sand are released while being pressed against the valley bottom 9c by the pressing force of the shield jack. The back surface portion 9 is easily worn (flow wear). If the back surface portion 9 is worn to some extent, the carbide tips 6 and 7 may be lost from the shank 8.

ところで、双頭式ではないカッタビットの背面部の摩耗を抑制するため、その背面部に溶接により硬化肉盛りを施す技術が知られている（特許文献２の図５、段落０００５参照）。しかし乍ら、この硬化肉盛りを双頭式カッタビット５Ｊの背面部９に施したとしても、掘削土砂が背面部９の谷底９ｃに溜まること自体は回避できないので、根本的な解決とはならない。   By the way, in order to suppress the wear of the back portion of the cutter bit that is not a double-headed type, a technique is known in which the back portion is hardened by welding (see FIG. 5, paragraph 0005 of Patent Document 2). However, even if this hardened build-up is applied to the back surface portion 9 of the double-headed cutter bit 5J, it is not possible to avoid that the excavated earth and sand accumulate in the valley bottom 9c of the back surface portion 9, so this is not a fundamental solution.

特開２００７−２８４９２３号公報JP 2007-284923 A 特開２００２−５４３９０号公報JP 2002-54390 A

以上の事情を考慮して創案された本発明の目的は、簡単な構造で、双頭式のカッタビットの背面部の谷底に掘削土砂が溜まることを防止でき、寿命を延ばすことができるトンネル掘削機用のカッタビットを提供することにある。   The object of the present invention, which was created in consideration of the above circumstances, is a tunnel excavator that has a simple structure, can prevent excavation sediment from accumulating on the bottom of the back of the double-headed cutter bit, and can extend the life. It is to provide a cutter bit.

上記目的を達成するために本発明は、トンネル掘削機に備えられトンネル長手方向の軸廻りに正回転又は逆回転駆動されるカッタヘッドに装着されるシャンクと、該シャンクに、上記カッタヘッドの回転周方向に間隔を隔てて設けられた一対の超硬チップと、これら超硬チップ間の上記シャンクの切羽側面に、上記カッタヘッドの回転周方向の中央が窪むように谷状に形成された背面部とを有するトンネル掘削機用のカッタビットであって、上記シャンクの背面部の谷底に、上記超硬チップから上記カッタヘッドの回転周方向に沿ってこの谷底に流れ込む掘削土砂を上記カッタヘッドの回転径方向の内外に排出するため、山状に形成された土砂流し部を設けたものである。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a shank that is provided in a tunnel excavator and that is attached to a cutter head that is driven to rotate forward or backward around a longitudinal axis of the tunnel, and the rotation of the cutter head to the shank. A pair of cemented carbide chips spaced apart in the circumferential direction, and a back surface formed in a valley shape on the side face of the shank between the cemented carbide chips so that the center in the circumferential direction of the cutter head is recessed A cutter bit for a tunnel excavator, wherein the excavated earth and sand flowing into the valley bottom along the circumferential direction of the cutter head from the cemented carbide tip into the valley bottom of the back surface of the shank is rotated by the cutter head. In order to discharge to the inside and outside in the radial direction, a sediment sink formed in a mountain shape is provided.

上記土砂流し部が、上記カッタヘッドの回転周方向に沿った稜線を有する頂部と、該頂部から上記カッタヘッドの回転径方向の内外に夫々傾斜された斜面部とを有していてもよい。   The earth and sand sink may have a top portion having a ridge line along the rotational circumferential direction of the cutter head, and a slope portion inclined from the top portion to the inside and outside of the cutter head in the rotational radial direction.

上記背面部の谷底が、上記カッタヘッドの回転径方向に沿って溝状に形成された凹部を有し、該凹部に、上記土砂流し部が設けられていてもよい。   The valley bottom of the back surface portion may have a recess formed in a groove shape along the rotational radial direction of the cutter head, and the earth and sand sink may be provided in the recess.

上記土砂流し部の頂部が、上記凹部の上端と同じ位置又はその上端よりも反切羽側に位置されていてもよい。   The top part of the earth-and-sand sink part may be located in the same position as the upper end of the said recessed part, or the anti-face face side from the upper end.

本発明に係るトンネル掘削機用のカッタビットによれば、簡単な構造で、双頭式のカッタビットの背面部の谷底に掘削土砂が溜まることを防止でき、寿命を延ばすことができる。   According to the cutter bit for a tunnel excavator according to the present invention, the excavated sediment can be prevented from accumulating on the bottom of the back surface of the double-headed cutter bit with a simple structure, and the life can be extended.

トンネル掘削機としてのシールド掘進機の説明図であり、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は側断面図である。It is explanatory drawing of the shield machine as a tunnel excavator, (a) is a front view, (b) is a sectional side view. 従来例を示すトンネル掘削機用のカッタビットの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the cutter bit for tunnel excavators which shows a prior art example. 本発明の第１実施形態に係るトンネル掘削機用のカッタビットの斜視図である。1 is a perspective view of a cutter bit for a tunnel excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 図３のカッタビットの三面図であり、（ａ）はカッタヘッドの回転径方向Ｂから見た正面図、（ｂ）は回転周方向Ａから見た側面図、（ｃ）は切羽側から見た平面図である。FIG. 4 is a three-side view of the cutter bit of FIG. 3, where (a) is a front view of the cutter head viewed from the rotational radial direction B, (b) is a side view viewed from the rotational circumferential direction A, and (c) is viewed from the face side. FIG. 本発明の第２実施形態に係るトンネル掘削機用のカッタビットの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the cutter bit for tunnel excavators concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. 図５のカッタビットの三面図であり、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は側面図、（ｃ）は平面図である。FIG. 6 is a three-side view of the cutter bit of FIG. 5, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a plan view.

本発明の好適実施形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。   Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図３、図４を用いて、本発明の第１実施形態に係るトンネル掘削機用のカッタビット５を説明する。   The cutter bit 5 for a tunnel excavator according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

図３に示すように、カッタヘッド４（カッタスポーク４ｂ）には、カッタヘッド４が正回転又は逆回転駆動された際に切羽を切削するためのカッタビット５が装着されている。なお、このカッタヘッド４は、既述の図１に示すトンネル掘削機（シールド掘進機）１のカッタヘッド４と同様の構成であり、トンネル長手方向の軸廻りに正回転又は逆回転駆動される。また、カッタヘッド４は、スポークタイプに限らず、面板タイプでもよいことは勿論である。   As shown in FIG. 3, a cutter bit 5 for cutting the face when the cutter head 4 is driven to rotate forward or reversely is attached to the cutter head 4 (cutting spoke 4b). The cutter head 4 has the same configuration as the cutter head 4 of the tunnel excavator (shield excavator) 1 shown in FIG. 1 described above, and is driven to rotate forward or backward about an axis in the tunnel longitudinal direction. . Of course, the cutter head 4 is not limited to the spoke type but may be a face plate type.

カッタビット５は、カッタヘッド４に装着されるシャンク（母材）８と、シャンク８に、カッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａに間隔を隔てて設けられた一対の超硬チップ６、７と、これら超硬チップ６、７間のシャンク８の切羽側面に、カッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａの中央が窪むように谷状に形成された背面部９とを有する。一対の超硬チップ６、７は、一方がカッタヘッド４が正回転されたときに切羽を切削する正回転用の超硬チップ６であり、他方がカッタヘッド４が逆回転されたときに切羽を切削する逆回転用の超硬チップ７である。背面部９は、一方の超硬チップ６に続く斜面９ａと、他方の超硬チップ７に続く斜面９ｂと、これら斜面９ａ、９ｂ同士の底部分に配置された谷底９ｃとから成る。   The cutter bit 5 includes a shank (base material) 8 attached to the cutter head 4, a pair of carbide chips 6 and 7 provided on the shank 8 with a spacing in the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4, On the side face of the shank 8 between the cemented carbide chips 6 and 7, there is a back surface portion 9 formed in a valley shape so that the center in the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4 is depressed. One of the pair of carbide tips 6 and 7 is a normal rotation carbide tip 6 that cuts the face when the cutter head 4 is rotated forward, and the other is the face when the cutter head 4 is rotated backward. Is a cemented carbide tip 7 for reverse rotation. The back surface portion 9 is composed of a slope 9a following one carbide tip 6, a slope 9b following the other carbide tip 7, and a valley bottom 9c arranged at the bottom of these slopes 9a, 9b.

本実施形態の特徴は、シャンク８の背面部９の谷底９ｃに、超硬チップ６、７からカッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａに沿ってこの谷底９ｃに流れ込む掘削土砂をカッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂの内外に排出するため、山状に形成された土砂流し部１０を設けた点にある。土砂流し部１０は、カッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａに沿った稜線を有する頂部１０ａと、頂部１０ａからカッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂの内外に夫々傾斜された斜面部１０ｂ、１０ｃとを有する。なお、頂部１０ａの稜線は、シャープなエッジ状となっているものに限られず、滑らかにカーブ（逆放物線状等）になっていてもよく、斜面部１０ｂ、１０ｃは、平面状に限られず、凸状又は凹状に湾曲されていてもよい。   The feature of this embodiment is that the excavated earth and sand that flows into the valley bottom 9c of the back surface portion 9 of the shank 8 from the cemented carbide chips 6 and 7 along the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4 into the valley bottom 9c. In order to discharge in and out in the direction B, the earth and sand sink 10 formed in a mountain shape is provided. The earth and sand sink 10 has a top 10a having a ridge line along the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4, and slopes 10b and 10c that are inclined from the top 10a to the inside and outside of the cutter head 4 in the rotational radial direction B, respectively. . In addition, the ridgeline of the top portion 10a is not limited to a sharp edge shape, and may be smoothly curved (reverse parabolic shape, etc.), and the slope portions 10b and 10c are not limited to a planar shape, It may be curved convexly or concavely.

シャンク８の背面部９とそこに設けられた土砂流し部１０とについて詳述すると、シャンク８の背面部９の谷底９ｃは、カッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂに沿って溝状に形成された凹部１１を有する。凹部１１は、各斜面９ａ、９ｂから夫々反切羽方向に沿って延出された垂直面部１１ａ、１１ｂと、これら垂直面部１１ａ、１１ｂの延出端同士を接続して切羽と略平行に形成された底面部１１ｃとを有し、底部コ字断面の溝状に構成されている。そして、凹部１１の底面部１１ｃに、土砂流し部１０が設けられ、土砂流し部１０の頂部１０ａが、凹部１１の上端１２（垂直面部１１ａと斜面９ａとの接続端、垂直面部１１ｂと斜面９ｂとの接続端）と同じ位置になっている。なお、土砂流し部１０の頂部１０ａは、凹部１１の上端１２よりも反切羽側に位置されていてもよい。   Describing in detail the back surface portion 9 of the shank 8 and the earth and sand sink 10 provided thereon, the valley bottom 9c of the back surface portion 9 of the shank 8 is formed in a groove shape along the rotational radial direction B of the cutter head 4. A recess 11 is provided. The recess 11 is formed substantially parallel to the face by connecting the vertical surfaces 11a and 11b extending from the inclined surfaces 9a and 9b in the anti-face direction and the extending ends of the vertical surfaces 11a and 11b. The bottom portion 11c has a groove shape with a bottom U-shaped cross section. And the earth and sand sink 10 is provided in the bottom face part 11c of the recessed part 11, and the top part 10a of the earth and sand sink 10 is the upper end 12 (the connection end of the vertical surface part 11a and the inclined surface 9a, the vertical surface part 11b and the inclined surface 9b). It is in the same position as the connection end. Note that the top portion 10 a of the earth and sand sink 10 may be located on the side opposite to the upper end 12 of the recess 11.

本実施形態の作用を述べる。   The operation of this embodiment will be described.

カッタビット５が切羽に押し付けられた状態でカッタヘッド４が正回転（又は逆回転）されると、正回転用の超硬チップ６（又は逆回転用の超硬チップ７）により切削された切羽の掘削土砂は、カッタヘッド４の回転に伴ってその超硬チップ６（７）から背面部９の斜面９ａ（９ｂ）を下って谷底９ｃに至り、土砂流し部１０によってカッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂの内外に排出される。即ち、超硬チップ６（７）で切削された掘削土砂は、カッタヘッド４の回転に伴ってその回転周方向Ａに沿って背面部９の斜面９ａ（９ｂ）を下って谷底９ｃに至り、谷底９ｃの凹部１１に設けられた土砂流し部１０の頂部１０ａによってカッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂの内外に分流され、土砂流し部１０の斜面部１０ｂ、１０ｃによって回転径方向Ｂの内方と外方とに排出される。   When the cutter head 4 is rotated forward (or reverse) while the cutter bit 5 is pressed against the face, the face cut by the forward rotation carbide tip 6 (or reverse rotation carbide tip 7). As the cutter head 4 rotates, the excavated earth and sand descends from the cemented carbide chip 6 (7) down the slope 9a (9b) of the back surface portion 9 to the valley bottom 9c. It is discharged into and out of direction B. That is, the excavated earth and sand cut by the cemented carbide tip 6 (7) descends the slope 9a (9b) of the back surface portion 9 along the rotation circumferential direction A with the rotation of the cutter head 4, and reaches the valley bottom 9c. The top 10a of the earth and sand sink 10 provided in the concave portion 11 of the valley bottom 9c is divided into the inside and outside of the cutter head 4 in the rotational radial direction B, and the slope 10b and 10c of the earth and sand sink 10 is inward in the rotational radial direction B. Discharged to the outside.

特に、本実施形態では、土砂流し部１０の頂部１０ａが凹部１１の上端１２と同じ位置になっているので、超硬チップ６（７）からカッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａに沿って凹部１１の上端１２に至った掘削土砂は、土砂流し部１０の頂部１０ａによってスムーズ且つ的確に回転径方向Ｂの内外に分流され、凹部１１に溜まることを略完全に回避できる。また、土砂流し部１０の頂部１０ａが凹部１１の上端１２よりも反切羽側に位置されていても、同様の作用効果が得られる。   In particular, in this embodiment, since the top portion 10a of the sediment sink 10 is located at the same position as the upper end 12 of the recess 11, the recess 11 extends from the carbide tip 6 (7) along the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4. The excavated earth and sand that has reached the upper end 12 of the earth can be almost completely avoided by being smoothly and accurately diverted into and out of the rotational radial direction B by the top 10 a of the earth and sand sink 10 and collecting in the recess 11. Moreover, even if the top part 10a of the earth and sand sink 10 is located on the side opposite to the upper end 12 of the concave part 11, the same effect can be obtained.

このように、本実施形態に係る双頭式のカッタビット５においては、背面部９の谷底９ｃに掘削土砂が溜まらなくなるので、背面部９の摩耗（流れ摩耗）を回避できる。   Thus, in the double-headed cutter bit 5 according to the present embodiment, the excavated earth and sand does not collect on the valley bottom 9c of the back surface portion 9, so that wear (flow wear) of the back surface portion 9 can be avoided.

すなわち、カッタビット５の背面部９の谷底９ｃに掘削土砂が溜まると、その掘削土砂は、シールドジャッキによるカッタヘッド４の切羽への押付力によって切羽と谷底９ｃとの間で圧密されて谷底９ｃに固着する場合があり、その場合、圧密されて固着された掘削土砂は、カッタヘッド４の振動や回転径方向Ｂの土砂流れ等によって谷底９ｃから離脱するとき、シールドジャッキによる押付力により谷底９ｃに押し付けられつつ離脱するので、背面部９が摩耗（流れ摩耗）し易いのであるが、本実施形態では、掘削土砂がカッタビット５の背面部９の谷底９ｃ（凹部１１）に溜まらないので、背面部９の摩耗（流れ摩耗）を回避できる。   That is, when excavated earth and sand accumulates on the valley bottom 9c of the back surface portion 9 of the cutter bit 5, the excavated earth and sand is consolidated between the face and the valley bottom 9c by the pressing force of the cutter head 4 against the face by the shield jack. In such a case, when the excavated earth and sand fixed and fixed is separated from the valley bottom 9c due to vibration of the cutter head 4 or a flow of earth and sand in the radial direction B, the valley bottom 9c is pressed by the pressing force of the shield jack. Since the back portion 9 is easily worn (flow wear) because it is released while being pressed against the bottom, in this embodiment, the excavated earth and sand does not collect in the valley bottom 9c (recess 11) of the back portion 9 of the cutter bit 5, Wear (flow wear) of the back surface portion 9 can be avoided.

よって、カッタビット５の寿命を延ばすことができ、長距離掘進に対応できる。   Therefore, the lifetime of the cutter bit 5 can be extended and long-distance excavation can be accommodated.

また、この効果は、カッタビット５の背面部９の谷底９ｃに山状の土砂流し部１０を設けるという極めて簡単な構成で達成しているので、カッタビット５の製造コストを殆ど上昇させることなく寿命の延長が可能となる。   In addition, this effect is achieved with a very simple configuration in which the mountain-shaped earth and sand sink 10 is provided on the valley bottom 9c of the back surface 9 of the cutter bit 5, so that the manufacturing cost of the cutter bit 5 is hardly increased. The service life can be extended.

次に、図５、図６を用いて、本発明の第２実施形態に係るトンネル掘削機用のカッタビット５Ｘを説明する。   Next, a cutter bit 5X for a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

このカッタビット５Ｘは、土中の杭等の障害物を切削したり、発進立坑の出口部や到達立坑の入口部に設けられた掘削可能壁を掘り抜く際に、その障害物や掘削可能壁を切削するための支障物等切削用のビット５Ｘであり、カッタヘッド４（カッタスポーク４ｂ）の回転径方向Ｂに間隔を隔てて配置される第１ビット２１及び第２ビット２２と、それら第１、第２ビット２１、２２の間に介設されたスペーサ２３とから構成されている。   This cutter bit 5X is used for cutting obstacles such as piles in the soil, or when excavating the excavable wall provided at the exit of the start shaft and the entrance of the reach shaft. A first bit 21 and a second bit 22 which are arranged at an interval in the rotational radial direction B of the cutter head 4 (cutting pork 4b). 1 and a spacer 23 interposed between the second bits 21 and 22.

第１ビット２１と第２ビット２２とは同じ構成であるので、以下、第１ビット２１とスペーサ２３とを説明する。なお、図中、第１ビット２１の部材の符号の一部は、記入スペースの都合上、第２ビット２２の対応する部材に付している。   Since the first bit 21 and the second bit 22 have the same configuration, the first bit 21 and the spacer 23 will be described below. In the figure, some of the reference numerals of the members of the first bit 21 are attached to the corresponding members of the second bit 22 for the convenience of entry space.

第１ビット２１は、第１実施形態と同様のカッタヘッド４（カッタスポーク４ｂ）に装着されるシャンク２４と、シャンク２４に、カッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａに間隔を隔てて設けられた一対の超硬チップ２５、２６と、これら超硬チップ２５、２６間のシャンク２４の切羽側面に、カッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａの中央が窪むように谷状に形成された背面部２７とを有する。   The first bit 21 is a shank 24 attached to the cutter head 4 (the cutter pork 4b) similar to that of the first embodiment, and a pair of the shank 24 provided at an interval in the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4. Carbide chips 25 and 26, and a back surface portion 27 formed in a valley shape so that the center in the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4 is recessed on the face side of the shank 24 between the carbide chips 25 and 26. .

背面部２７は、一方の超硬チップ２５から中央に向けて傾斜された傾斜山部２８と、他方の超硬チップ２６から中央に向けて傾斜された傾斜山部２９と、これら斜面山部２８、２９同士の底部分に配置された谷底３０とから成る。各傾斜山部２８、２９は、回転周方向Ａに延びる稜線３１と、その稜線３１から回転径方向Ｂの内外に傾斜された斜面３２、３３と、中央に向けて傾斜された三角状の斜面３４とを有する。   The back surface portion 27 includes an inclined mountain portion 28 inclined toward the center from one carbide tip 25, an inclined mountain portion 29 inclined toward the center from the other carbide tip 26, and these inclined mountain portions 28. , 29 and the valley bottom 30 disposed at the bottom portion. Each inclined mountain portion 28, 29 includes a ridge line 31 extending in the rotational circumferential direction A, slopes 32, 33 inclined from the ridge line 31 inward and outward in the rotational radial direction B, and a triangular slope inclined toward the center. 34.

また、シャンク２４の側面部３５は、中央にて切羽・反切羽方向に延びる稜線３６と、その稜線３６から左右に傾斜された斜面３７、３８とを有し、山状に形成されている。かかるシャンク２４に取り付けされる超硬チップ２５、２６は、背面部２７の部分、側面部３５の部分が夫々山状に形成されていて、切羽側の先端に頂点３９を有する。   Further, the side surface portion 35 of the shank 24 has a ridge line 36 extending in the face / anti-face face direction at the center, and slopes 37 and 38 inclined right and left from the ridge line 36, and is formed in a mountain shape. The cemented carbide chips 25 and 26 attached to the shank 24 each have a back surface portion 27 and a side surface portion 35 formed in a mountain shape, and have a vertex 39 at the end on the face side.

シャンク２４の背面部２７の谷底３０には、超硬チップ２５、２６からカッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａに沿ってこの谷底３０に流れ込む掘削土砂をカッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂの内外に排出するため、山状に形成された土砂流し部４０が設けられている。詳しくは、背面部２７の谷底３０は、カッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂに沿って溝状に形成された凹部４１を有し、凹部４１は、各斜面３４の下端から反切羽方向に夫々延出された垂直面部と、これら垂直面部の端部同士を接続する底面部とから構成され、この底面部に、土砂流し部４０が設けられている。   Excavated earth and sand flowing into the valley bottom 30 along the circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4 from the cemented carbide chips 25, 26 are discharged into the valley bottom 30 of the back surface portion 27 of the shank 24 into and out of the rotary radial direction B of the cutter head 4. Therefore, the earth and sand sink 40 formed in a mountain shape is provided. Specifically, the valley bottom 30 of the back surface portion 27 has a concave portion 41 formed in a groove shape along the rotational radial direction B of the cutter head 4, and the concave portion 41 extends from the lower end of each inclined surface 34 in the anti-face direction. It is comprised from the taken-out vertical surface part and the bottom face part which connects the edge parts of these vertical face parts, and the earth and sand sink part 40 is provided in this bottom face part.

土砂流し部４０は、カッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａに沿った稜線を有する頂部４２と、頂部４２からカッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂの内外に夫々傾斜された斜面部４３と、斜面部４３とシャンク２４の正面４４とを接続するようにして傾斜された一対の三角状の斜面部４５とを有する。なお、頂部４２の稜線は、シャープなエッジ状となっているものに限られず、滑らかにカーブ（逆放物線状等）になっていてもよく、斜面部４３、４５は、平面状に限られず、凸状又は凹状に湾曲されていてもよい。また、土砂流し部４０の頂部４２は、凹部４１の上端５０（斜面３４の下端）と同じ位置となっているが、凹部４１の上端５０よりも反切羽側に位置されていてもよい。   The earth and sand flowing portion 40 includes a top portion 42 having a ridge line along the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4, a slope portion 43 inclined from the top portion 42 to the inside and outside of the cutter head 4 in the rotational radial direction B, and a slope portion 43. And a pair of triangular slope portions 45 that are inclined so as to connect the front face 44 of the shank 24. Note that the ridgeline of the top portion 42 is not limited to a sharp edge shape, and may be smoothly curved (reverse parabolic shape, etc.), and the slope portions 43 and 45 are not limited to a planar shape, It may be curved convexly or concavely. Moreover, although the top part 42 of the earth-and-sand flow part 40 is the same position as the upper end 50 (lower end of the slope 34) of the recessed part 41, you may be located in the anti-face face side rather than the upper end 50 of the recessed part 41.

スペーサ２３は、第１ビット２１と第２ビット２２との間に配設され、図６（ａ）に示すように、正面から見て将棋の駒のような五角形状に形成されており、切羽側の部分に、山状に形成されたスペーサ用土砂流し部４６を有する。スペーサ用土砂流し部４６は、カッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂに沿った稜線を有する頂部４７と、頂部４７からカッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａの一方と他方とに夫々傾斜された斜面部４８とを有し、山状に形成されている。なお、頂部４７の稜線は、シャープなエッジ状となっているものに限られず、滑らかにカーブ（逆放物線状等）になっていてもよく、斜面部４８は、平面状に限られず、凸状又は凹状に湾曲されていてもよい。   The spacer 23 is disposed between the first bit 21 and the second bit 22 and is formed in a pentagonal shape like a shogi piece as viewed from the front, as shown in FIG. In this portion, there is a soil sediment sink 46 formed in a mountain shape. The spacer earth and sand flowing portion 46 includes a top portion 47 having a ridge line along the rotational radial direction B of the cutter head 4, and a slope portion 48 inclined from the top portion 47 to one and the other in the rotational circumferential direction A of the cutter head 4. And is formed in a mountain shape. Note that the ridgeline of the top 47 is not limited to a sharp edge, but may be smoothly curved (such as a reverse parabola), and the slope 48 is not limited to a flat shape but is convex. Or you may be curving concavely.

これら第１ビット２１、第２ビット２２及びスペーサ２３は、各ビットのシャンク２４とスペーサ２３とが一体成形されていてもよいが、これらが別々に成形されて溶接等により重ねて固定されていてもよく、また、別々に成形されて別々にカッタヘッド４に固定（溶接）されてもよい。   The first bit 21, the second bit 22, and the spacer 23 may be integrally formed with the shank 24 and the spacer 23 of each bit, but these are separately molded and overlapped and fixed by welding or the like. Alternatively, they may be formed separately and fixed (welded) to the cutter head 4 separately.

本実施形態の作用を述べる。   The operation of this embodiment will be described.

土中の杭等の障害物を切削したり、発進立坑の出口部や到達立坑の入口部に設けられた掘削可能壁を掘り抜く際、カッタビット５Ｘがそれら被切削物に押し付けられた状態でカッタヘッド４を正回転（又は逆回転）する。こうしてカッタビット５Ｘを構成する第１及び第２ビット２１、２２で杭等の障害物や掘削可能壁を切削するが、このとき第１及び第２ビット２１、２２は切削反力を分散し、個々のビット２１、２２に加わる切削反力が過剰になることを回避する。   When cutting obstacles such as piles in the soil, or when excavating the excavable wall provided at the exit of the starting shaft or the entrance of the reaching shaft, the cutter bit 5X is pressed against the workpiece The cutter head 4 is rotated forward (or reversely rotated). Thus, the first and second bits 21 and 22 constituting the cutter bit 5X are used to cut obstacles such as piles and the excavable wall. At this time, the first and second bits 21 and 22 disperse the cutting reaction force, An excessive cutting reaction force applied to the individual bits 21 and 22 is avoided.

第１及び第２ビット２１、２２の正回転用の超硬チップ２５（又は逆回転用の超硬チップ２６）により切削された掘削土砂は、カッタヘッド４の回転に伴ってその超硬チップ２５（２６）から背面部２７の斜面３４を下って谷底３０に至り、土砂流し部４０によってカッタヘッド４の回転径方向Ｂの内外に排出される。よって、このカッタビット５Ｘにおいても、第１の実施形態と同様に、背面部２７の谷底３０に掘削土砂が溜まらなくなり、背面部２７の摩耗（流れ摩耗）を回避でき、寿命を延ばすことができる。   The excavated earth and sand cut by the normal rotation carbide tip 25 (or the reverse rotation carbide tip 26) of the first and second bits 21 and 22 is rotated along with the rotation of the cutter head 4. From (26) down the slope 34 of the back surface portion 27 to the valley bottom 30 and discharged by the earth and sand sink 40 into the inside and outside of the cutter head 4 in the rotational radial direction B. Therefore, also in this cutter bit 5X, similarly to the first embodiment, the excavated earth and sand does not accumulate in the valley bottom 30 of the back surface portion 27, wear of the back surface portion 27 (flow wear) can be avoided, and the life can be extended. .

ここで、上述した杭等の障害物や掘削可能壁を切削して得られた掘削土砂は、通常の土砂よりも流動性が悪く、第１、第２ビット２１、２２の背面部２７の谷底３０に溜まりやすいのであるが、本実施形態によれば、流動性が悪い掘削土砂であっても、土砂流し部４０によって谷底３０における土砂の流れが確保され、背面部２７の谷底３０に溜まらなくなるので、寿命を的確に延ばすことができる。   Here, the excavated earth and sand obtained by cutting the obstacles such as the above-mentioned piles and the excavable wall have lower fluidity than ordinary earth and sand, and the valley bottoms of the back portions 27 of the first and second bits 21 and 22 are used. However, according to the present embodiment, even if the excavated earth and sand have poor fluidity, the earth and sand flow portion 40 ensures the flow of earth and sand at the valley bottom 30 and does not accumulate on the valley bottom 30 of the back surface portion 27. Therefore, the lifetime can be extended properly.

また、第１及び第２ビット２１、２２の各土砂流し部４０から、第１ビット２１と第２ビット２２との間に導かれた掘削土砂は、カッタヘッド４の回転に伴い、スペーサ用土砂流し部４６によってカッタヘッド４の回転周方向Ａの一方と他方とに排出される。よって、第１ビット２１と第２ビット２２との間に掘削土砂が溜まらなくなり、第１ビット２１と第２ビット２２との根元部分（カッタヘッド４への溶接部分）の摩耗（流れ摩耗）を回避でき、寿命を延ばすことができる。   Further, the excavated earth and sand introduced between the first and second bits 21 and 22 from the respective earth and sand sinks 40 of the first and second bits 21 and 22 is caused by the rotation of the cutter head 4 and the spacer earth and sand. The sink 46 discharges the cutter head 4 to one side and the other side in the rotational circumferential direction A. Therefore, the excavated soil does not accumulate between the first bit 21 and the second bit 22, and wear (flow wear) of the root portion (welded portion to the cutter head 4) between the first bit 21 and the second bit 22 occurs. It can be avoided and the life can be extended.

ここで、上述したように、杭等の障害物や掘削可能壁を切削して得られた掘削土砂は、通常の土砂よりも流動性が悪く、上記根元部分に溜まりやすいのであるが、本実施形態によれば、流動性が悪い掘削土砂であっても、スペーサ用土砂流し部４６によって土砂の流れが確保されて溜まらなくなるので、寿命を的確に延ばすことができる。   Here, as described above, excavated earth and sand obtained by cutting obstacles such as piles and excavable walls are less fluid than ordinary earth and are likely to collect in the root part. According to the form, even if the excavated sediment has poor fluidity, the sediment flow is ensured by the spacer sediment-flowing portion 46 and does not accumulate, so that the life can be extended properly.

すなわち、掘削土砂が第１ビット２１と第２ビット２２との間に溜まると、その掘削土砂が、シールドジャッキによるカッタヘッド４の切羽への押付力によって圧密されてシャンク２４の根元部分に固着することがあり、その場合、固められた掘削土砂は、カッタヘッド４の振動等によって離脱するとき、シールドジャッキによる押付力により上記根元部分に押し付けられつつ離脱するので、根元部分が摩耗（流れ摩耗）し易い。こうして或る程度摩耗が進行すると、シャンク２４がカッタヘッド４から外れる事態も考えられる。本実施形態では、掘削土砂が第１ビット２１と第２ビット２２との間に溜まらないので、上述したシャンク２４の根元部分の摩耗（流れ摩耗）を回避でき、カッタビット５Ｘの寿命を延ばすことができる。   That is, when the excavated earth and sand accumulate between the first bit 21 and the second bit 22, the excavated earth and sand are consolidated by the pressing force of the shield jack against the face of the cutter head 4 and fixed to the root portion of the shank 24. In this case, when the hardened excavated soil is separated by vibration of the cutter head 4 or the like, the ground portion is worn away (flow wear) because it is pressed against the root portion by the pressing force of the shield jack. Easy to do. If the wear progresses to some extent in this way, a situation in which the shank 24 is detached from the cutter head 4 is also conceivable. In this embodiment, since excavated sediment does not collect between the first bit 21 and the second bit 22, the above-described wear (flow wear) of the root portion of the shank 24 can be avoided, and the life of the cutter bit 5X is extended. Can do.

また、このような第１及び第２ビット２１、２２の背面部２７の摩耗（流れ摩耗）、第１及び第２ビット２１、２２のシャンク２４の根元の摩耗（流れ摩耗）を防止するという効果は、第１及び第２ビット２１、２２の背面部２７の谷底３０に山状の土砂流し部４０を設け、第１ビット２１と第２ビット２２との間にスペーサ用土砂流し部４６を有するスペーサ２３を介設するという極めて簡単な構成で達成しているので、カッタビット５Ｘの製造コストを殆ど上昇させることなく寿命の延長が可能となる。   In addition, the effect of preventing the wear (flow wear) of the back portions 27 of the first and second bits 21 and 22 and the wear (flow wear) of the shank 24 of the first and second bits 21 and 22 is prevented. Is provided with a mountain-shaped earth and sand sink 40 at the bottom 30 of the back surface 27 of the first and second bits 21 and 22, and has a spacer earth and sand sink 46 between the first bit 21 and the second bit 22. Since this is achieved with a very simple configuration in which the spacer 23 is interposed, the lifetime can be extended with almost no increase in the manufacturing cost of the cutter bit 5X.

１ トンネル掘削機としてのシールド掘進機
４ カッタヘッド
５ カッタビット
６ 超硬チップ
７ 超硬チップ
８ シャンク
９ 背面部
９ｃ 谷底
１０ 土砂流し部
１０ａ 頂部
１０ｂ 斜面部
１０ｃ 斜面部
１１ 凹部
１２ 上端
Ａ 回転周方向
Ｂ 回転径方向
５Ｘ カッタビット
２４ シャンク
２５ 超硬チップ
２６ 超硬チップ
２７ 背面部
３０ 谷底
４０ 土砂流し部
４１ 凹部
４２ 頂部
４３ 斜面部
５０ 上端 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine as tunnel excavator 4 Cutter head 5 Cutter bit 6 Carbide tip 7 Carbide tip 8 Shank 9 Back part 9c Valley bottom 10 Sediment sink part 10a Top part 10b Slope part 10c Slope part 11 Concave part 12 Upper end A Rotation circumferential direction B Rotational radial direction 5X Cutter bit 24 Shank 25 Carbide tip 26 Carbide tip 27 Back face 30 Valley bottom 40 Sediment sink 41 Recess 42 Top 43 Slope 50 Top

Claims (4)

トンネル掘削機に備えられトンネル長手方向の軸廻りに正回転又は逆回転駆動されるカッタヘッドに装着されるシャンクと、
該シャンクに、上記カッタヘッドの回転周方向に間隔を隔てて設けられた一対の超硬チップと、
これら超硬チップ間の上記シャンクの切羽側面に、上記カッタヘッドの回転周方向の中央が窪むように谷状に形成された背面部と
を有するトンネル掘削機用のカッタビットであって、
上記シャンクの背面部の谷底に、上記超硬チップから上記カッタヘッドの回転周方向に沿ってこの谷底に流れ込む掘削土砂を上記カッタヘッドの回転径方向の内外に排出するため、山状に形成された土砂流し部を設けた
ことを特徴とするトンネル掘削機用のカッタビット。 A shank attached to a cutter head that is provided in a tunnel excavator and is driven forward or reversely around a longitudinal axis of the tunnel;
A pair of cemented carbide chips provided on the shank at intervals in the rotational circumferential direction of the cutter head; and
A cutter bit for a tunnel excavator having a back surface formed in a valley shape so that the center in the rotational circumferential direction of the cutter head is recessed on the side face of the shank between the carbide chips,
In the valley bottom of the back part of the shank, the excavated earth and sand flowing into the valley bottom along the rotational circumferential direction of the cutter head from the cemented carbide chip is discharged in and out in the rotational radial direction of the cutter head. A cutter bit for a tunnel excavator characterized by the provision of an earth and sand sink. 上記土砂流し部が、上記カッタヘッドの回転周方向に沿った稜線を有する頂部と、該頂部から上記カッタヘッドの回転径方向の内外に夫々傾斜された斜面部とを有する請求項１に記載のトンネル掘削機用のカッタビット。   The said sediment sink part has a top part which has the ridgeline along the rotation circumferential direction of the said cutter head, and a slope part each inclined from the top part to the inside and outside of the rotation radial direction of the said cutter head. Cutter bit for tunnel excavator. 上記背面部の谷底が、上記カッタヘッドの回転径方向に沿って溝状に形成された凹部を有し、該凹部に、上記土砂流し部が設けられた請求項１又は２に記載のトンネル掘削機用のカッタビット。   The tunnel excavation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the valley bottom of the back surface portion has a recess formed in a groove shape along the rotational radial direction of the cutter head, and the earth and sand sink is provided in the recess. Cutter bit for machine. 上記土砂流し部の頂部が、上記凹部の上端と同じ位置又はその上端よりも反切羽側に位置された請求項３に記載のトンネル掘削機用のカッタビット。   The cutter bit for a tunnel excavator according to claim 3, wherein the top portion of the earth and sand sink is located at the same position as the upper end of the concave portion or on the opposite face side from the upper end.
JP2009060018A 2009-03-12 2009-03-12 Cutter bit of tunnel excavator Pending JP2010209651A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015001112A (en) * 2013-06-17 2015-01-05 株式会社丸和技研 Casing bit and casing pipe

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006328835A (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-07 Tungaloy Corp Cutter bit
JP2006348478A (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-28 Okumura Corp Peripheral bit of steel pipe
JP2007284923A (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-11-01 Taisei Corp Cutter bit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006328835A (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-07 Tungaloy Corp Cutter bit
JP2006348478A (en) * 2005-06-13 2006-12-28 Okumura Corp Peripheral bit of steel pipe
JP2007284923A (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-11-01 Taisei Corp Cutter bit

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015001112A (en) * 2013-06-17 2015-01-05 株式会社丸和技研 Casing bit and casing pipe

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