JP2010190364A - Ball screw device - Google Patents

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JP2010190364A
JP2010190364A JP2009037071A JP2009037071A JP2010190364A JP 2010190364 A JP2010190364 A JP 2010190364A JP 2009037071 A JP2009037071 A JP 2009037071A JP 2009037071 A JP2009037071 A JP 2009037071A JP 2010190364 A JP2010190364 A JP 2010190364A
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balls
ball
screw
ball screw
spacers
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Hidenori Saito
秀徳 齋藤
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ball screw device having an excellent noise reducing effect in operation and easy to be handled on a maker side by relaxing restriction in a manufacturing process. <P>SOLUTION: This ball screw device includes: a screw shaft 11 having a spiral screw groove 13 on the outer peripheral surface thereof; a nut 12 having a screw groove 14 corresponding to the screw groove 13 of the screw shaft 11 on the inner peripheral surface thereof so as to be screwed to the screw shaft 11; and multiple balls 16 installed freely to roll in a load track 15 formed between both the screw grooves 13 and 14. Several kinds of spacers 17a and 17b having a different cross dimension are inserted between the balls 16, and the number of the same kind of spacers continuously arranged in the spacers arranged in order, with a ball between them set at a number less than 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、各種の機器の送り機構等に適用可能なボールねじ装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a ball screw device that can be applied to a feeding mechanism of various devices.

種々のボールねじ装置が、多様な技術分野において、例えば送り機構や駆動機構における枢要な要素として既に利用されていることは周知のとおりである。
図4は、一般的なボールねじ装置の構造を例示する図である。
図示のボールねじ装置1は、外周面に螺旋状のねじ溝2を有するねじ軸3を有する。また、内周面にねじ溝2に対応する螺旋状のねじ溝4を有するナット6を有し、このナット6がねじ軸3に螺合している。
ナット6のねじ溝4とねじ軸3のねじ溝2とは互いに対向して両者の間に螺旋状の負荷軌道が形成されている。この負荷軌道には転動体としての多数のボール5が転動可能に装填されている。上記ねじ軸3とナット6との相対的回転変位により、ナット6とねじ軸3とがボール5の転動を介して軸3の軸方向に相対的に移動する。
It is well known that various ball screw devices are already used in various technical fields as pivotal elements in, for example, feed mechanisms and drive mechanisms.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a general ball screw device.
The illustrated ball screw device 1 has a screw shaft 3 having a helical thread groove 2 on the outer peripheral surface. Further, a nut 6 having a helical thread groove 4 corresponding to the thread groove 2 is provided on the inner peripheral surface, and the nut 6 is screwed onto the screw shaft 3.
The screw groove 4 of the nut 6 and the screw groove 2 of the screw shaft 3 are opposed to each other, and a spiral load track is formed between them. A large number of balls 5 as rolling elements are loaded on the load track so as to allow rolling. Due to the relative rotational displacement between the screw shaft 3 and the nut 6, the nut 6 and the screw shaft 3 move relatively in the axial direction of the shaft 3 through the rolling of the balls 5.

なお、図4におけるようなボール循環式のボールねじ装置の場合は、例えばナット6の外周面の一部を平坦面にしてこの平坦面に両ねじ溝2,4に連通する2個一組の孔7をねじ軸3を跨ぐように形成し、この一組の孔7に両端を嵌め込むようにして循環チューブ8を設けた構造を有する。この循環チューブ8により、上述のねじ溝2および4間の負荷軌道に沿って公転するボール5を、この負荷軌道の途中から循環チューブ8の一方の開口側に掬い上げるようにして該循環チューブ8に誘導してその中を潜らせる。そして循環チューブ8を潜らせたボール5を、順次他方の開口側から再び元の負荷軌道に戻すようにしてボール5を無限循環させる。   In the case of the ball circulation type ball screw device as shown in FIG. 4, for example, a part of the outer peripheral surface of the nut 6 is a flat surface, and a set of two pieces communicating with both screw grooves 2 and 4 on the flat surface. The hole 7 is formed so as to straddle the screw shaft 3, and the circulation tube 8 is provided so that both ends are fitted into the pair of holes 7. With this circulation tube 8, the ball 5 revolving along the load trajectory between the thread grooves 2 and 4 is scooped up from the middle of the load trajectory to one opening side of the circulation tube 8. Invite to hide inside. Then, the balls 5 in which the circulation tube 8 is hidden are returned to the original load trajectory sequentially from the other opening side, and the balls 5 are infinitely circulated.

上述のようなボールねじ装置をその製造技術をも含む視座で見ると、一般的にねじ軸のねじ溝は研削加工した後は、超仕上げのような仕上げ加工がされていないので、加工うねりが生じている。そのため、加工うねりの山数と1リード当たりのボール数の整数倍が偶然一致したときに、騒音が増大してしまうといった問題がある。
この問題は、より詳細には、次のような現象によって生じていると分析される。即ち、スペーサを挟んだ両ボールの中心間距離をP、ボールピッチ円直径をd、リードをL、とすると、1リード当たりのボール数mは{(πd+L1/2/P である。このような1リード当たりのボール数mの自然数倍nm(nは任意の自然数)と当該ねじ溝1リード当たりの加工うねりの山数とが一致したときに、ボール軌道面上のうねりが該当するボールとの相対運動に強く作用して大きな騒音を発生し易くなるというものである。
When the ball screw device as described above is viewed from the viewpoint including its manufacturing technology, generally, the thread groove of the screw shaft is not subjected to finishing processing such as super-finishing after grinding, so that the processing undulation is not performed. Has occurred. Therefore, there is a problem that noise increases when the number of undulation peaks coincides with an integer multiple of the number of balls per lead.
This problem is analyzed in more detail as being caused by the following phenomenon. That is, the distance between the centers of the two ball across the spacer P, and the ball pitch circle diameter d m, when the lead L, a ball number m per lead {(πd m) 2 + L 2} 1/2 / P. When the natural number times nm (n is an arbitrary natural number) of the number m of balls per lead and the number of processing undulations per lead of the thread groove correspond to the waviness on the ball raceway surface. It acts on the relative motion with the ball to make a large noise easily.

このような騒音を低減するために、各ボール間毎に異なる厚さ(幅)の保持ピースを介装することにより、ねじ溝の加工うねりのピッチとボールの間隔が合致する箇所を減らすようにしたボールねじ装置が提案されている(例えば特許文献1参照)。
他方、ボール相互の競り合いによる作動性の悪化やボールの摩擦による損傷を低減するためにボール間にスペーサを介挿した場合に、このスペーサの倒れ量に影響を与える層隙間(挿入した全てのボールおよびスペーサを一方に寄せ集めたと仮定したとき、先頭に位置するボールと最後尾に位置するスペーサとの間にできる間隔)の調整を行うべく、厚み(幅寸法)の異なる複数種類のスペーサを適用するといった技術提案もある(例えば特許文献2参照)。
In order to reduce such noise, by holding holding pieces with different thicknesses (widths) between each ball, the number of places where the pitch of the threading waviness and the distance between the balls match is reduced. A ball screw device has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
On the other hand, when a spacer is inserted between the balls in order to reduce the deterioration of operability due to the competition between the balls and damage due to the friction of the balls, the layer gap that affects the amount of collapse of this spacer (all inserted balls Assuming that the spacers are gathered together on one side, multiple types of spacers with different thicknesses (width dimensions) are applied to adjust the gap between the ball located at the head and the spacer located at the tail. There is also a technical proposal to do this (for example, see Patent Document 2).

特開2001−141020号公報JP 2001-141020 A 特開2000−120825号公報JP 2000-120825 A

しかしながら、上記特許文献1のボールねじ装置においては、厚さ(幅)の異なる複数種類の保持ピースを準備した上、それらの保持ピースを、各ボール間毎に異なる厚さ(幅)の保持ピースが位置する配置をとるものであり、組立作業や部品管理等製造過程で拘束される条件が多くなり、製造事業者側での取り扱いが煩雑であるといった問題がある。
また、上記特許文献2のボールねじ装置においては、既述のようなスペーサを用いているが、結果的に、大部分のボールは略等間隔に配列されることになり、ボール相互の競り合いによる作動性の悪化やボールの摩擦による損傷を低減するには有効なるも、十分な騒音低減効果を期することは難しい。
本発明は上述のような従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、稼動時の騒音が十分に低減され、且つ、製造過程での拘束が緩和されて製造事業者側での取り扱いも容易なボールねじ装置を提供することを目的としている。
However, in the ball screw device of Patent Document 1, a plurality of types of holding pieces having different thicknesses (widths) are prepared, and these holding pieces are held pieces having different thicknesses (widths) for each ball. There is a problem that there are many conditions that are constrained in the manufacturing process such as assembly work and parts management, and the handling on the manufacturer side is complicated.
Further, in the ball screw device of Patent Document 2, the spacer as described above is used. As a result, most of the balls are arranged at substantially equal intervals, and the balls are competing with each other. Although effective in reducing the deterioration of operability and damage due to ball friction, it is difficult to achieve a sufficient noise reduction effect.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and noise during operation is sufficiently reduced, and restraints in the manufacturing process are eased and handling on the manufacturer side is easy. An object of the present invention is to provide a simple ball screw device.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明のボールねじ装置は、外周面に螺旋状のねじ溝を有するねじ軸と、該ねじ軸のねじ溝に対応するねじ溝を内周面に有して前記ねじ軸に螺合されるナットと、前記両ねじ溝間に形成される負荷軌道に転動可能に装填された多数のボールと、各ボール間に介挿されたスペーサとを備えたボールねじ装置において、前記スペーサを、各該当するボールを隔てた順次の配列中、同種のスペーサが連続する数が10個未満となるように配したことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a ball screw device according to the present invention includes a screw shaft having a helical thread groove on an outer peripheral surface, and a thread groove corresponding to the screw groove of the screw shaft on the inner peripheral surface. A ball screw device comprising: a nut that is screwed onto a screw shaft; a large number of balls that are slidably loaded on a load track formed between the screw grooves; and a spacer that is interposed between the balls. In the above, the spacers are arranged so that the number of the same type of spacers is less than 10 in the sequential arrangement separating the corresponding balls.

本発明によれば、稼動時の騒音が十分に低減され、且つ、製造過程での拘束も緩和されて製造事業者側での取り扱いも容易なボールねじ装置を実現できる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a ball screw device in which noise during operation is sufficiently reduced, restraint in the manufacturing process is eased, and handling on the manufacturer side is easy.

本発明のボールねじ装置の構造を例示する図である。It is a figure which illustrates the structure of the ball screw apparatus of this invention. 図1に例示したボールねじ装置について実施した一定の条件下における振動測定の結果を比較例と対照して表す図である。It is a figure showing the result of the vibration measurement performed on the fixed condition implemented about the ball screw apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 with a comparative example. ボールねじ装置における同種のスペーサの連続配列個数と振動振幅との関係を表す図である。It is a figure showing the relationship between the number of continuous arrangement | sequences of the same kind of spacer in a ball screw apparatus, and a vibration amplitude. 一般的なボールねじ装置の構造を例示する図である。It is a figure which illustrates the structure of a general ball screw device.

以下、本発明のボールねじ装置の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
図1は、本発明のボールねじ装置の構造を例示する図である。図1におけるボールねじ装置10は、ねじ軸11の外周面及びナット12の内周面に、互いに対応する螺旋状のねじ溝13および14が形成されている。
これら双方のねじ溝13および14により形成された螺旋状の循環路を成す負荷軌道15に転動可能に多数のボール16,16が装填されている。これらのボール16,16間に幅寸法(厚み)の異なる複数種類のスペーサ17a、17bが介挿されている。本実施の形態では特に、各該当するボールを隔てた順次のスペーサの配列中同種のスペーサが連続する数を10個未満となうようにこれらスペーサ17a、17bを配置している。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the ball screw device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a ball screw device of the present invention. In the ball screw device 10 in FIG. 1, spiral thread grooves 13 and 14 corresponding to each other are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the screw shaft 11 and the inner peripheral surface of the nut 12.
A large number of balls 16, 16 are loaded on a load track 15, which forms a spiral circuit formed by both the thread grooves 13 and 14, so as to be able to roll. A plurality of types of spacers 17 a and 17 b having different width dimensions (thicknesses) are interposed between the balls 16 and 16. In the present embodiment, in particular, the spacers 17a and 17b are arranged so that the number of the same type of spacers in the sequential arrangement of the spacers separating the corresponding balls is less than 10.

ねじ軸11とナット12とを相対的に回転させると両者は多数のボール16,16の転動を介して滑らかに相対螺旋運動する結果、軸11の軸方向に相対変位する。
図2は、図1に例示したボールねじ装置について実施した一定の条件下における振動測定の結果を比較例と対照して表す図である。
図2(a)は図1に例示したボールねじ装置10に関する振動測定の結果であり、図2(b)は比較例における振動測定の結果である。
図2(a)および(b)における振動測定条件は、何れも、次のとおりである:
ボールねじ 軸径:φ28、 ボールピッチ円直径をd:28.5mm、リードをL:5 mm、
スペーサ数 スペーサA(17a):22個 スペーサB(17b):51個
試験機 日本精工株式会社製 ボールねじ音響試験機
When the screw shaft 11 and the nut 12 are rotated relative to each other, both of them smoothly move relative to each other through the rolling of the balls 16 and 16, and as a result, are relatively displaced in the axial direction of the shaft 11.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of vibration measurement under certain conditions performed on the ball screw device illustrated in FIG. 1 in contrast to a comparative example.
FIG. 2A shows the result of vibration measurement related to the ball screw device 10 illustrated in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B shows the result of vibration measurement in the comparative example.
The vibration measurement conditions in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are as follows:
The ball screw shaft diameter: φ28, the ball pitch circle diameter d m: 28.5mm, the lead L: 5 mm,
Number of spacers Spacer A (17a): 22 Spacers B (17b): 51 Tester Ball screw acoustic tester manufactured by NSK Ltd.

図2(b)の比較例では、矢印で示す振幅波形(波形群)Wb1が振動周波数200Hz内外の位置に、また、矢印で示す振幅波形(波形群)Wb2が振動周波数400Hz内外の位置に、何れも比較的高いレベルで観測される。振幅波形(波形群)Wb1は比較例のボールねじにおける1リード当たりのボール数と一致したボール溝のうねり山による振動成分であり、振幅波形(波形群)Wb2は、1リード当たりのボール数の2倍と一致したボール溝のうねり山による振動成分である。   In the comparative example of FIG. 2B, the amplitude waveform (waveform group) Wb1 indicated by an arrow is at a position inside and outside the vibration frequency 200 Hz, and the amplitude waveform (waveform group) Wb2 indicated by an arrow is at a position inside and outside the vibration frequency 400 Hz. Both are observed at a relatively high level. The amplitude waveform (waveform group) Wb1 is a vibration component due to the undulation of the ball groove that matches the number of balls per lead in the ball screw of the comparative example, and the amplitude waveform (waveform group) Wb2 is the number of balls per lead. This is a vibration component caused by the waviness mountain of the ball groove that matches twice.

これに対し、本実施の形態では、図2(a)に示すように、図2(b)で着目した振動周波数200Hz内外の位置および振動周波数400Hz内外の位置の何れにおいても振動成分のレベルが顕著に低減していることが観測される。従って、これによる振動音も顕著に抑制されていることが理解される。
図3は、ボールねじ装置における同種のスペーサの連続配列個数と振動振幅との関係を表す図である。特に図3では、図2の試験で適用したスペーサA(17a)に関してその連続配列個数と振動振幅との関係を表している。
On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the level of the vibration component is at both the position inside and outside the vibration frequency 200 Hz and the position inside and outside the vibration frequency 400 Hz focused in FIG. A significant reduction is observed. Therefore, it can be understood that the vibration sound caused by this is remarkably suppressed.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of continuous arrangements of the same type of spacers in the ball screw device and the vibration amplitude. In particular, FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the number of continuous arrays and the vibration amplitude for the spacer A (17a) applied in the test of FIG.

図3より明らかなとおり、スペーサA(17a)の連続配列個数を少なくするほど相対的に振動振幅が低くなり、特に連続配列個数10個のときを略臨界値として振動振幅の低下が顕著であることが判読される。本発明のボールねじ装置では、既述のように、一つの種類のボールの連続配列個数を10個未満にしており、これにより顕著な騒音低減効果を奏している。
また、連続配列個数を10個未満にするだけで大きな騒音低減効果を得ているため、各ボール間毎に異なる厚さ(幅)の保持ピースを配置する従来技術に比し、組立作業や部品管理等製造過程で拘束される条件が大幅に緩和される。従って、製造事業者側での取り扱いが煩雑であるといった従来の問題も一掃される。
As is clear from FIG. 3, the vibration amplitude becomes relatively lower as the number of the continuous arrays of the spacers A (17a) is decreased, and the decrease in the vibration amplitude is particularly significant when the number of the continuous arrays is 10 as a substantially critical value. Is read. In the ball screw device of the present invention, as described above, the number of continuous arrangements of one kind of balls is set to less than ten, thereby achieving a remarkable noise reduction effect.
In addition, since a large noise reduction effect is obtained simply by reducing the number of consecutive arrangements to less than 10, assembly work and parts are compared with the conventional technique in which holding pieces having different thicknesses (widths) are arranged for each ball. Conditions constrained in manufacturing processes such as management are greatly eased. Therefore, the conventional problem that the handling on the manufacturer side is complicated is also eliminated.

10……………ボールねじ装置
11……………ねじ軸
12……………ナット
13,14……ねじ溝
15……………負荷軌道
16……………ボール
17a,17b…スペーサ
10 ......... Ball screw device 11 ......... Screw shaft 12 ......... Nuts 13, 14 ... Screw groove 15 ......... Load track 16 ......... Balls 17a, 17b ... Spacer

Claims (1)

外周面に螺旋状のねじ溝を有するねじ軸と、該ねじ軸のねじ溝に対応するねじ溝を内周面に有して前記ねじ軸に螺合されるナットと、前記両ねじ溝間に形成される負荷軌道に転動可能に装填された多数のボールと、各ボール間に介挿されたスペーサとを備えたボールねじ装置において、
前記スペーサを、各該当するボールを隔てた順次の配列中、同種のスペーサが連続する数が10個未満となるように配したことを特徴とするボールねじ装置。
A screw shaft having a helical thread groove on the outer peripheral surface, a nut having a thread groove corresponding to the screw groove of the screw shaft on the inner peripheral surface and screwed to the screw shaft, and the two screw grooves In a ball screw device comprising a large number of balls loaded in a rollable manner on a formed load track, and spacers interposed between the balls,
A ball screw device characterized in that the spacers are arranged so that the number of the same type of spacers in a sequential arrangement separating the corresponding balls is less than 10.
JP2009037071A 2009-02-19 2009-02-19 Ball screw device Pending JP2010190364A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000199556A (en) * 1998-10-27 2000-07-18 Tsubaki Nakashima Co Ltd Ball screw having spacer and inserting method for ball of ball screw and spacer
JP2001141020A (en) * 1999-11-18 2001-05-25 Nsk Ltd Ball screw

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000199556A (en) * 1998-10-27 2000-07-18 Tsubaki Nakashima Co Ltd Ball screw having spacer and inserting method for ball of ball screw and spacer
JP2001141020A (en) * 1999-11-18 2001-05-25 Nsk Ltd Ball screw

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