JP2010185243A - Attaching/detaching device between front components of construction machine - Google Patents

Attaching/detaching device between front components of construction machine Download PDF

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JP2010185243A
JP2010185243A JP2009031093A JP2009031093A JP2010185243A JP 2010185243 A JP2010185243 A JP 2010185243A JP 2009031093 A JP2009031093 A JP 2009031093A JP 2009031093 A JP2009031093 A JP 2009031093A JP 2010185243 A JP2010185243 A JP 2010185243A
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pin
cylinder
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member side
hydraulic cylinder
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JP5004978B2 (en
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Motohiro Ishii
基寛 石井
Kazuki Sato
和樹 佐藤
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Hitachi Construction Machinery Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an attaching/detaching device between front components of a construction machine constituted to easily pull out and insert a pin using a comparatively compact hydraulic cylinder. <P>SOLUTION: A cylinder body 35 provided at a base end side component 10a is provided with fixed cylinders 36 fitted in from right and left ends, respectively, and fixed. A telescopic cylinder 39 is fitted into each fixed cylinder 36 so as to be elongated and contracted relative to the outer end. A tube is fixed to the inner end of the fixed cylinder 36, and a piston rod is connected to the telescopic cylinder 39 to provide the hydraulic cylinder 40 for elongating and contracting the telescopic cylinder. A plate 50 is fixed to the outer end of the telescopic cylinder 39, and a pin 27 is mounted to the plate 50. Pressure oil is supplied to a bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 40 for elongation. Pins 27 are pulled out of pinholes 31, 33 of a base end member side connection part 30 and a tip member side connection part 32. Since the pressure oil is supplied to the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 40 when pulling out the pin 27 which requires a larger force than when inserting the pins 27, a large pull-out force is exhibited. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、油圧ショベルやその応用機械等の建設機械において、分割構造のフロント構成部材を着脱可能に連結するための着脱装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an attachment / detachment device for detachably connecting a front structural member having a split structure in a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or an application machine thereof.

油圧ショベル等の建設機械は、下部走行体に旋回装置を介して上部旋回体を取付け、上部旋回体に多関節構造の作業用フロントを取付けて構成される。このような建設機械において、フロント構成部材間のピンによる連結部は、一方の構成部材内に設けた円筒部材に左右端部から突没可能にピンを設け、このピンを突没させる油圧シリンダを、円筒部材内に収容した構造を有している（例えば特許文献１参照）。   A construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator is configured by attaching an upper turning body to a lower traveling body via a turning device, and attaching a multi-joint work front to the upper turning body. In such a construction machine, the connecting portion by the pin between the front structural members is provided with a pin that can project and retract from the left and right end portions of the cylindrical member provided in one of the structural members, and a hydraulic cylinder that projects and retracts the pin. And has a structure housed in a cylindrical member (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開２００３−１６０９４９号公報JP 2003-160949 A

従来のフロントの着脱装置において、構成部材間の結合を解く時は、油圧シリンダのロッド室に圧油を供給して連結部からピンを抜き、構成部材間を結合する時は、油圧シリンダのボトム室に圧油を供給して連結部へピンを突出させる構成を有する。ここで、油圧シリンダはその構成上、ロッド室の受圧面積が、ボトム室の受圧面積の６〜７割程度と狭くなる。このため、ピンを連結部から抜く時の引き抜き力は、ピンを連結部に押し込む時の押し込み力に比較して小さくなる。   In the conventional front attachment / detachment device, when releasing the connection between the constituent members, supply hydraulic oil to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and pull out the pin from the connecting portion, and when connecting the constituent members, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder It has the structure which supplies pressure oil to a chamber and makes a pin protrude to a connection part. Here, due to the structure of the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure receiving area of the rod chamber becomes as narrow as 60 to 70% of the pressure receiving area of the bottom chamber. For this reason, the pulling force when the pin is pulled out from the connecting portion is smaller than the pushing force when the pin is pushed into the connecting portion.

ところが、ピンを連結部から引き抜く際に要する力は、挿着する際に要する力より大きくなるのが実状である。なぜならば、ピン挿着時には、互いに連結される構成部材の連結部のピン孔の位置合わせをしてピンを挿着するので、ピン挿着は比較的小さな力で済む。一方、ピンを抜く際には、構成部材やフロント自身の自重等により、ピン孔に対してピンが片当たりし、大きな面圧でピンがピン孔に接触していることが多々あり、この場合にはピンの引き抜きが円滑に行えないことがある。また、このため、油圧シリンダに大型のものを使用する必要があるが、フロント構成部材内に収容する場合にはあまり大型の油圧シリンダは採用出来ない等の問題点がある。   However, in reality, the force required for pulling out the pin from the connecting portion is greater than the force required for insertion. This is because, at the time of inserting the pins, the pins are inserted by aligning the pin holes of the connecting portions of the component members that are connected to each other, so that the insertion of the pins requires a relatively small force. On the other hand, when pulling out the pin, the pin may come into contact with the pin hole due to the weight of the component or the front itself, etc., and the pin is often in contact with the pin hole with a large surface pressure. In some cases, the pins cannot be pulled out smoothly. For this reason, it is necessary to use a large hydraulic cylinder, but there is a problem that a large hydraulic cylinder cannot be used when accommodated in a front component.

本発明は、上記の問題点に鑑み、比較的小型の油圧シリンダを使用してピンの抜き差しを容易に行うことができる構成の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an attachment / detachment device between front structural members of a construction machine having a configuration in which a pin can be easily inserted and removed using a relatively small hydraulic cylinder. To do.

請求項１の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置は、上部旋回体に作業用フロントが取付けられる建設機械に用いられ、前記作業用フロントの基端側構成部材と先端側構成部材とを着脱する装置において、
基端側構成部材の先端部の左右両側に設けられ、かつピン孔を有する基端部材側連結部と、
先端側構成部材の基端部の左右両側に設けられると共に、前記基端部材側連結部に雌雄結合構造で組み合わされ、かつ前記ピン孔に対応するピン孔を有する先端部材側連結部と、
前記基端側構成部材の前記左右の基端部材側連結部に亘って取付けられた筒体と、
前記筒体に左右端部よりそれぞれ内嵌して固定された固定筒と、
前記各固定筒内にその外端部より突没可能に内嵌された伸縮筒と、
前記各固定筒の内端部にチューブを固定し、かつピストンロッドを前記伸縮筒に連結して前記固定筒内に設けられた伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダと、
前記伸縮筒の外端に固定されたプレートと、
前記プレートに取付けられ、前記伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダの伸縮により、互いに嵌合された前記基端部材側連結部と前記先端部材側連結部のピン孔に抜き差しされて両連結部を分離、結合するピンとを備えたことを特徴とする。 The apparatus for attaching / detaching a front structural member of a construction machine according to claim 1 is used in a construction machine in which a work front is attached to an upper swing body, and the base-end-side structural member and the front-end-side structural member of the work front are attached and detached. In the device to
A proximal end member-side connecting portion that is provided on both the left and right sides of the distal end portion of the proximal end side component member and has a pin hole;
Provided on both left and right sides of the proximal end portion of the distal end side component member, and combined with the proximal end member side coupling portion in a male-female coupling structure and having a pin hole corresponding to the pin hole,
A cylindrical body attached across the left and right proximal end member side coupling portions of the proximal end side component member;
A fixed cylinder that is fitted and fixed to the cylinder body from the left and right ends, respectively;
Telescopic cylinders fitted inside the fixed cylinders so as to be able to project and retract from their outer ends,
A telescopic cylinder projecting and retracting hydraulic cylinder provided in the fixed cylinder by fixing a tube to the inner end of each fixed cylinder and connecting a piston rod to the telescopic cylinder;
A plate fixed to the outer end of the telescopic cylinder;
Attached to the plate, and by extending and retracting the telescopic cylinder projecting hydraulic cylinder, the base end member side connecting portion and the distal end member side connecting portion which are fitted to each other are inserted into and removed from the pin holes to separate both connecting portions, And a pin to be coupled.

請求項２の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置は、請求項１に記載の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置において、
前記基端部材側連結部と前記先端部材側連結部に２組のピン結合部を有し、
２組のピン結合部のうちの一方の組は、前記伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダを伸縮させることによって左右のピンを移動させて基端部材側連結部と前記先端部材側連結部との分離、結合を行う構成とし、
他方の組のピン結合部は、先端部材側連結部に左右に向けて取付けたピンと、このピンの両端部に嵌合するように、前記一方の組のピン結合部の反対側を開口させて前記左右の基端部材側連結部に設けた凹部とにより構成したことを特徴とする。 The attachment / detachment device between the front structural members of the construction machine according to claim 2 is the attachment / detachment device between the front structural members of the construction machine according to claim 1,
The base end member side connecting portion and the distal end member side connecting portion have two sets of pin coupling portions,
One set of the two sets of pin coupling portions separates the proximal end member side coupling portion and the distal end member side coupling portion by moving the left and right pins by expanding and contracting the telescopic cylinder projecting and retracting hydraulic cylinder. , The configuration to combine,
The other set of pin coupling portions has a pin attached to the tip member side coupling portion to the left and right, and an opening on the opposite side of the one set of pin coupling portions so as to be fitted to both ends of the pin. It is comprised by the recessed part provided in the said right-and-left base end member side connection part.

請求項３の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置は、請求項２に記載の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置において、
前記他方の組のピン結合部は、前記基端側構成部材に前記左右の基端部材側連結部に亘って取付けられた筒体と、
前記筒体に左右端部よりそれぞれ内嵌し固定された固定筒と、
前記各固定筒内にその外端部より突没可能に内嵌された伸縮筒と、
前記固定筒の内端部にチューブを固定し、かつピストンロッドを前記伸縮筒に連結して前記固定筒内に設けられた伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダと、
前記各伸縮筒の外端に固定されたプレートと、
前記各プレートに取付けられ、前記伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダの伸縮により、前記凹部に嵌合されたピンの端部に対して離脱、嵌合されるボスとを備えたことを特徴とする。 The attachment / detachment device between the front structural members of the construction machine according to claim 3 is the attachment / detachment device between the front structural members of the construction machine according to claim 2,
The other set of pin coupling portions includes a cylindrical body attached to the base end side component member over the left and right base end member side coupling portions;
Fixed cylinders fitted and fixed to the cylinder body from the left and right ends,
Telescopic cylinders fitted inside the fixed cylinders so as to be able to project and retract from their outer ends,
A hydraulic cylinder for retracting a telescopic cylinder provided in the fixed cylinder by fixing a tube to the inner end of the fixed cylinder and connecting a piston rod to the telescopic cylinder;
A plate fixed to the outer end of each telescopic tube;
And a boss that is attached to each of the plates and is separated from and fitted to the end of the pin fitted in the recess by expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder projecting and retracting hydraulic cylinder.

請求項４の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置は、請求項１から３までのいずれか１項に記載の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置において、
前記プレートが前記基端部材側連結部に近接したピン結合状態で前記プレートを前記基端部材側連結部に固定するロック装置を設けたことを特徴とする。 The attachment / detachment device between the front structural members of the construction machine according to claim 4 is the attachment / detachment device between the front structural members of the construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A locking device is provided that fixes the plate to the base end member side connecting portion in a pin-coupled state where the plate is close to the base end member side connecting portion.

請求項１の発明においては、伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダのボトム室に圧油を供給すると、伸縮筒が外方向に突出し、これにより、先端部材側連結部のピン孔に挿入されていたピンを外方向に移動してこのピン孔から抜くことにより、構成部材間の結合が解かれる。反対に伸縮筒が外方向に突出した状態から、伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダのロッド室に圧油を供給してピンを内方向に移動させてピンを先端部材側連結部のピン孔に挿入することにより、ピンによる構成部材間の結合がなされる。このように、本発明においては、ボトム室が圧油が供給されてピン引き抜きが行われるため、ピン挿入時より強い引き抜き力が発揮でき、ピンの引き抜きが容易となる。また、比較的小型の油圧シリンダを用いることが可能となる。   In the first aspect of the present invention, when pressure oil is supplied to the bottom chamber of the telescopic cylinder projecting hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder protrudes outward, whereby the pin inserted into the pin hole of the tip member side connecting portion Is moved outwardly and removed from the pin hole, so that the coupling between the constituent members is released. On the other hand, from the state where the telescopic cylinder protrudes outward, pressure oil is supplied to the rod chamber of the telescopic cylinder retracting hydraulic cylinder and the pin is moved inward to insert the pin into the pin hole of the connecting part on the tip member side By doing so, the component members are coupled by pins. Thus, in the present invention, since the bottom chamber is supplied with pressure oil and the pin is pulled out, a stronger pulling force can be exhibited than when the pin is inserted, and the pin can be easily pulled out. In addition, a relatively small hydraulic cylinder can be used.

請求項２の発明においては、２組のピン結合部のうち、１組は先端側構成部材側のピンと基端側構成部材の凹部との嵌合によりピン結合が行われるようにしたので、最初に凹部にピンを嵌合しておき、次に先端側構成部材を凹部に嵌合したピンを中心に回動させることで、両連結部のピン孔どうしの位置合わせを容易に行うことができ、ピン結合が容易となる。   In the invention of claim 2, among the two sets of pin coupling portions, one set is such that pin coupling is performed by fitting the pin on the distal end side component member side and the recess on the proximal end side component member. The pin is fitted in the recess, and then the tip side component member is rotated around the pin fitted in the recess, so that the pin holes of both connecting portions can be easily aligned. , Pin coupling becomes easy.

請求項３の発明によれば、さらに、前記凹部とピンとの嵌合構造を採用した場合、そのピンの両端に嵌合して固定するボスを基端部材側連結部に設けたので、ピンと凹部とが外れることを防止することができ、安全性が向上する。また、この場合も、ボスを外す際に油圧シリンダに大きな力を発揮させることができるので、ボスの外し作業を容易に行うことができ、このボス抜き差しのための油圧シリンダにも小型のものを用いることができる。   According to the invention of claim 3, when the fitting structure of the concave portion and the pin is adopted, the boss for fitting and fixing to both ends of the pin is provided in the base end member side connecting portion. Can be prevented from coming off and safety is improved. Also in this case, the hydraulic cylinder can exert a large force when the boss is removed, so that the boss can be easily removed. Can be used.

請求項４の発明によれば、基端部材側連結部と先端部材側連結部とがピンにより結合された状態において、プレートが基端部材側連結部にロック装置によりロックされるので、オペレータが油圧シリンダの操作装置をピン結合を解く伸長方向に誤操作する等の理由により油圧シリンダを伸長させる理由が生じたとしても油圧シリンダは伸長方向に作動せず、ピン結合が保たれ、安全性が向上する。   According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the plate is locked to the base end member side connecting portion by the locking device in a state where the base end member side connecting portion and the tip end member side connecting portion are coupled by the pin. Even if there is a reason to extend the hydraulic cylinder for reasons such as misoperating the operating device of the hydraulic cylinder in the extending direction to release the pin connection, the hydraulic cylinder does not operate in the extending direction, pin connection is maintained, and safety is improved To do.

本発明の着脱装置の一実施の形態を適用した建設機械の一例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows an example of the construction machine to which one Embodiment of the attachment / detachment apparatus of this invention is applied. この実施の形態の基端側構成部材と先端側構成部材の連結部の概略を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the outline of the connection part of the base end side structural member of this embodiment, and a front end side structural member. この実施の形態の基端側構成部材の連結部を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the connection part of the base end side structural member of this embodiment. この実施の形態の構成部材間の連結構造を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the connection structure between the structural members of this embodiment. 図４のピン結合部の部分拡大図である。It is the elements on larger scale of the pin coupling | bond part of FIG. 図４の油圧シリンダ部の部分拡大図である。It is the elements on larger scale of the hydraulic cylinder part of FIG. この実施の形態の基端側構成部材と先端側構成部材の別の連結部の概略を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the outline of another connection part of the base end side structural member of this embodiment, and a front end side structural member. この実施の形態のプレートのロック装置を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the locking device of the plate of this embodiment. この実施の形態の分解、組立作業を説明する側面図である。It is a side view explaining the disassembly and assembly work of this embodiment. 本発明の他の適用例を示す建設機械の側面図である。It is a side view of the construction machine which shows the other example of application of this invention. 本発明の着脱装置の他の実施の形態を示す基端側構成部材の側面図である。It is a side view of the base end side structural member which shows other embodiment of the attachment / detachment apparatus of this invention.

図１は本発明の一実施の形態を適用した建設機械の一例を示す側面図である。この建設機械は、下部走行体１上に旋回装置２を介して上部旋回体３を設置し、この上部旋回体３上に油圧パワーユニット４や運転室５等を設置する。上部旋回体３に作業用フロントとしての多関節構造のフロント７を取付ける。   FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a construction machine to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. In this construction machine, an upper swing body 3 is installed on a lower traveling body 1 via a swing device 2, and a hydraulic power unit 4, an operator cab 5, and the like are installed on the upper swing body 3. A multi-joint structure front 7 as a work front is attached to the upper swing body 3.

この実施の形態のフロント７は、上部旋回体３に油圧シリンダ９により起伏可能に取付けられた第１のアーム１０と、この第１のアーム１０の先端に油圧シリンダ１１により上下回動可能に取付けられた第２のアーム１２と、この第２のアーム１２の先端に油圧シリンダ１３により上下回動可能に取付けられた第３のアーム１４と、第３のアーム１４の先端に上下回動可能に取付けられた作業具１５と、この作業具１５を回動させるために第３のアーム１４と作業具１５との間に設けられた油圧シリンダ１６およびリンク機構１７とを備える。なお、作業具１５としては図示のバケット以外にグラップル、ホーク、リフティングマグネット、鋏状の破砕具、振動式ブレーカあるいはその他の作業目的に応じた各種の作業具が用いられる。   The front 7 of this embodiment is attached to the upper swing body 3 by a hydraulic cylinder 9 so that it can be raised and lowered, and attached to the tip of the first arm 10 by a hydraulic cylinder 11 so that it can be turned up and down. The second arm 12, the third arm 14 attached to the tip of the second arm 12 by a hydraulic cylinder 13 so as to be vertically rotatable, and the tip of the third arm 14 to be vertically rotatable. The attached work tool 15 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 16 and a link mechanism 17 provided between the third arm 14 and the work tool 15 for rotating the work tool 15. In addition to the illustrated bucket, a grapple, a hawk, a lifting magnet, a bowl-shaped crusher, a vibration breaker, or other various work tools according to the work purpose is used as the work tool 15.

この実施の形態の建設機械は、第１のアーム１０を、基端側構成部材１０ａと先端側構成部材１０ｂとにより構成し、これらの構成部材１０ａ，１０ｂ間を本発明による着脱装置１９により着脱可能に連結する。基端側構成部材１０ａは、フロント７を起伏させる油圧シリンダ９をピン２０による連結する連結部２１を有する。先端側構成部材１０ｂは、第２のアーム１２をピン２２により連結する連結部２３と、第２のアーム１２を回動させる油圧シリンダ１１をピン２４により連結する連結部２５とを有する。   In the construction machine of this embodiment, the first arm 10 is constituted by a base end side constituent member 10a and a tip end side constituent member 10b, and the constituent member 10a, 10b is attached / detached by the attaching / detaching device 19 according to the present invention. Connect as possible. The base-side component member 10 a includes a connecting portion 21 that connects the hydraulic cylinder 9 that raises and lowers the front 7 with a pin 20. The distal-end-side component member 10 b includes a connecting portion 23 that connects the second arm 12 with a pin 22, and a connecting portion 25 that connects the hydraulic cylinder 11 that rotates the second arm 12 with a pin 24.

この建設機械はこのような第１のアーム１０の分割構造を有するので、輸送時には着脱装置１９の部分で分割し、建設機械本体（下部走行体１、上部旋回体３、油圧パワーユニット４、運転室５を含む。）に第１のアーム１０の基端側構成部材１０ａおよび油圧シリンダ９を取付けたままで輸送することができる。また、第２のアーム１２およびこれを回動させる油圧シリンダ１３は、先端側構成部材１０ｂに取付けたままで輸送することができる。また、着脱装置１９が後述の凹部とピンによる結合構造を有するので、現地での組立が容易となるものである。また、このような分割構造を有するので、輸送制限荷重や分解、組立時のクレーンによる吊り上げ制限荷重をクリアすることが容易となる。   Since this construction machine has such a divided structure of the first arm 10, it is divided at the part of the attachment / detachment device 19 during transportation, and the construction machine main body (the lower traveling body 1, the upper turning body 3, the hydraulic power unit 4, the cab). 5), the base end side component 10a of the first arm 10 and the hydraulic cylinder 9 can be transported while being attached. Further, the second arm 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 13 for rotating the second arm 12 can be transported while being attached to the distal end side component member 10b. Moreover, since the attachment / detachment device 19 has a coupling structure with a recess and a pin, which will be described later, the assembly at the site becomes easy. Moreover, since it has such a divided structure, it becomes easy to clear the transportation limit load, disassembly, and lifting limit load by the crane during assembly.

次に着脱装置１９の構造について説明する。図２は基端側構成部材１０ａと先端側構成部材１０ｂの連結部の概略を示す側面図、図３は基端側構成部材１０ａの連結部を示す側面図である。２７，２８は基端側構成部材１０ａと先端側構成部材１０ｂとを着脱可能に連結するピンである。ピン２７は後述の機構により基端側構成部材１０ａに取付けられ、ピン２８は先端側構成部材１０ｂに取付けられる。ピン２７は、第１のアーム１０を起立させた状態において、上部旋回体３の反対側（前側）に設けられ、ピン２８は上部旋回体３側（後側）に設けられる。   Next, the structure of the attachment / detachment device 19 will be described. FIG. 2 is a side view showing an outline of a connecting portion between the base end side constituent member 10a and the tip end side constituent member 10b, and FIG. 3 is a side view showing the connecting portion of the base end side constituent member 10a. Reference numerals 27 and 28 denote pins for detachably connecting the base-side component member 10a and the tip-side component member 10b. The pin 27 is attached to the proximal-side component member 10a by a mechanism described later, and the pin 28 is attached to the distal-end component member 10b. The pin 27 is provided on the opposite side (front side) of the upper swing body 3 in the state where the first arm 10 is erected, and the pin 28 is provided on the upper swing body 3 side (rear side).

図４は前記ピン２７による構成部材１０ａ，１０ｂ間の連結構造を示す断面図である。３０は基端側構成部材１０ａの先端部の左右両側に設けられた基端部材側連結部である。この基端部材側連結部３０は、図５の拡大断面図に示すように、内側板３０ａと外側板３０ｂとにより、雌型連結部を構成する。これらの内側板３０ａと外側板３０ｂにはピン２７を挿着するピン孔３１を有する。３２は先端側構成部材１０ｂの基端部の左右両側に設けられた先端部材側連結部である。この先端部材側連結部３２は雄型連結部を構成し、雌型連結部を構成する基端部材側連結部３０の内側板３０ａと外側板３０ｂとの間に嵌合される。この先端部材側連結部３２には基端部材側連結部３０のピン孔３１に対応してピン２７を挿着するためのピン孔３３を有する。   FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a connection structure between the constituent members 10a and 10b by the pin 27. As shown in FIG. Reference numeral 30 denotes base end member side connecting portions provided on both the left and right sides of the front end portion of the base end side component member 10a. As shown in the enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, the base end member-side connecting portion 30 includes a female connecting portion by an inner plate 30a and an outer plate 30b. These inner plate 30a and outer plate 30b have pin holes 31 into which pins 27 are inserted. Reference numeral 32 denotes a distal end member side connecting portion provided on both the left and right sides of the proximal end portion of the distal end side structural member 10b. The distal end member side connecting portion 32 constitutes a male connecting portion, and is fitted between the inner plate 30a and the outer plate 30b of the proximal end member side connecting portion 30 constituting the female connecting portion. The distal end member side connecting portion 32 has a pin hole 33 for inserting the pin 27 corresponding to the pin hole 31 of the proximal end member side connecting portion 30.

３４はピン２７を左右に移動させる伸縮装置である。３５は伸縮装置３４のベースとなる筒体である。この筒体３５は、基端側構成部材１０ａの左右の基端部材側連結部３０，３０間にわたり、かつ左右の基端部材側連結部３０，３０を貫通しかつ溶接することにより基端部材側連結部３０，３０に固定して取付けられる。３６は筒体３５に左右から内嵌された固定筒である。この固定筒３６は外端に鍔部３６ａを有し、この鍔部３６ａを外側板３０ｂにボルト３７により固定する。３９は各固定筒３６内にその外端部より突没可能に内嵌された伸縮筒である。４０はこの伸縮筒３９を突没させるための油圧シリンダからなる伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダである。   Reference numeral 34 denotes a telescopic device that moves the pin 27 left and right. Reference numeral 35 denotes a cylinder serving as a base of the expansion / contraction device 34. The cylindrical body 35 extends between the left and right proximal end member side coupling portions 30 and 30 of the proximal end side structural member 10a, and penetrates and welds the left and right proximal end member side coupling portions 30 and 30 to form a proximal end member. It is fixedly attached to the side connecting portions 30 and 30. Reference numeral 36 denotes a fixed cylinder fitted into the cylinder 35 from the left and right. The fixed cylinder 36 has a flange 36a at the outer end, and the flange 36a is fixed to the outer plate 30b with a bolt 37. Reference numeral 39 denotes an expansion / contraction cylinder that is fitted in each fixed cylinder 36 so as to protrude and retract from its outer end. Reference numeral 40 denotes a telescopic cylinder projecting and retracting hydraulic cylinder comprising a hydraulic cylinder for projecting and retracting the telescopic cylinder 39.

図６は固定筒３６に対する伸縮筒３９および伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダ４０の取付け構造を示す断面図である。図６に示すように、固定筒３６は内端に底板３６ｂを有する。油圧シリンダ４０は、これを固定筒３６に取付けるための取付け筒４１に内嵌され、溶接によりこの取付け筒４１に固定される。取付け筒４１は底板４１ａを有し、この底板４１ａに設けたねじ孔４１ｂに、固定筒３６の底板３６ｂの孔３６ｃに挿着したボルト４２を螺合し締結して取付け筒４１と共に油圧シリンダ４０のヘッド側（チューブ４０ａ）側を固定筒３６内に固定する。伸縮筒３９は、取付け筒４１に対して移動可能に外嵌される。   FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a mounting structure of the telescopic cylinder 39 and the telescopic cylinder projecting / retracting hydraulic cylinder 40 with respect to the fixed cylinder 36. As shown in FIG. 6, the fixed cylinder 36 has a bottom plate 36b at the inner end. The hydraulic cylinder 40 is fitted in an attachment cylinder 41 for attaching the hydraulic cylinder 40 to the fixed cylinder 36, and is fixed to the attachment cylinder 41 by welding. The mounting cylinder 41 has a bottom plate 41 a, and a bolt 42 inserted into the hole 36 c of the bottom plate 36 b of the fixed cylinder 36 is screwed into a screw hole 41 b provided in the bottom plate 41 a and fastened together with the mounting cylinder 41 and the hydraulic cylinder 40. The head side (tube 40a) side is fixed in the fixed cylinder 36. The telescopic cylinder 39 is externally fitted to the mounting cylinder 41 so as to be movable.

４０ｂは油圧シリンダ４０のピストン、４０ｃはピストンロッド、４０ｄ，４０ｅはそれぞれ油圧シリンダ４０のボトム室、ロッド室である。油圧シリンダ４０のボトム室４０ｄに対する作動油の油路は、固定筒３６の鍔部３６ａに半径方向に設けた孔４３ａと、固定筒３６の長手方向に設けた孔４３ｂと、固定筒３６の底板３６ｂに半径方向に設けた孔４３ｃと、固定筒３６の底板３６ｂ、取付け筒４１の底板４１ａ、および油圧シリンダ４０のヘッド部に連通して設けた孔４３ｄとにより構成される。   40b is a piston of the hydraulic cylinder 40, 40c is a piston rod, and 40d and 40e are a bottom chamber and a rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 40, respectively. The hydraulic oil passage for the bottom chamber 40 d of the hydraulic cylinder 40 includes a hole 43 a provided in the flange 36 a of the fixed cylinder 36 in the radial direction, a hole 43 b provided in the longitudinal direction of the fixed cylinder 36, and a bottom plate of the fixed cylinder 36. A hole 43c provided in the radial direction in 36b, a bottom plate 36b of the fixed cylinder 36, a bottom plate 41a of the mounting cylinder 41, and a hole 43d provided in communication with the head portion of the hydraulic cylinder 40 are configured.

油圧シリンダ４０のロッド室４０ｅに対する作動油の油路は、固定筒３６の鍔部３６ａに半径方向に設けた孔４４ａと、固定筒３６の長手方向に設けた孔４４ｂと、固定筒３６の底板３６ｂに半径方向に設けた孔４４ｃと、固定筒３６の底板３６ｂおよび取付け筒４１の底板４１ａに連通して設けた孔４４ｄと、固定筒３６の長手方向に設けた孔４４ｅと、油圧シリンダ４０のチューブ４０ａに設けた孔４４ｆとにより構成される。固定筒３６の鍔部３６ａに設けた孔４３ａ，４４ａの外端にはそれぞれ作動油を供給する油圧ホース（図示せず）を接続するためのポート４５ａ，４５ｂを設ける。   The hydraulic oil passage for the rod chamber 40 e of the hydraulic cylinder 40 includes a hole 44 a provided in the radial direction in the flange 36 a of the fixed cylinder 36, a hole 44 b provided in the longitudinal direction of the fixed cylinder 36, and a bottom plate of the fixed cylinder 36. A hole 44c provided in the radial direction in 36b, a hole 44d provided in communication with the bottom plate 36b of the fixed cylinder 36 and the bottom plate 41a of the mounting cylinder 41, a hole 44e provided in the longitudinal direction of the fixed cylinder 36, and the hydraulic cylinder 40 The hole 44f provided in the tube 40a. Ports 45a and 45b for connecting hydraulic hoses (not shown) for supplying hydraulic oil are provided at the outer ends of the holes 43a and 44a provided in the flange 36a of the fixed cylinder 36, respectively.

なお、固定筒３６等にこのような孔４３ａ〜４３ｄ，４４ａ〜４４ｄを設ける代わりに、筒体３５や固定筒３６の側面に連通した開口部を設け、その開口部に通す油圧ホースを油圧シリンダ４０のポートに接続する構造も採用可能である。   Instead of providing such holes 43a to 43d and 44a to 44d in the fixed cylinder 36 or the like, an opening communicating with the side surface of the cylinder 35 or the fixed cylinder 36 is provided, and a hydraulic hose passing through the opening is provided as a hydraulic cylinder. A structure connecting to 40 ports can also be adopted.

油圧シリンダ４０のピストンロッド４０ｃの先端には伸縮筒３９に結合するために結合具４０ｆを設ける。この結合具４０ｆはピストンロッド４０ｃより大径とする。この結合具４０ｆは取付け用のねじ孔を有し、そのねじ孔をピストンロッド４０ｃの先端に設けた雄ねじ部に螺合して取付ける。４７はこの結合具４０ｆを伸縮筒３９に連結するための取付金具である。この取付金具４７は、ピストンロッド４０ｃに嵌合する孔４７ａを有し、かつ結合具４０ｆを内嵌する凹部４７ｂを有する。   A coupling tool 40 f is provided at the tip of the piston rod 40 c of the hydraulic cylinder 40 for coupling to the telescopic cylinder 39. The coupler 40f has a larger diameter than the piston rod 40c. The coupling tool 40f has a screw hole for mounting, and the screw hole is screwed into a male screw portion provided at the tip of the piston rod 40c. Reference numeral 47 denotes a mounting bracket for connecting the coupler 40f to the telescopic cylinder 39. The mounting bracket 47 has a hole 47a that fits into the piston rod 40c, and a recess 47b that fits in the coupler 40f.

一方、伸縮筒３９の外端部には、中実部３９ａを有する。この中実部３９ａには、ボルト４９の挿入孔３９ｂと、この挿入孔３９ｂの外側部分に刻設されたねじ孔３９ｃとを有する。この伸縮筒３９とピストンロッド４０ｃとの結合は、中実部３９ａの内端面に取付金具４７および結合具４０ｆを当て、ボルト４９を挿入孔３９ｂに入れ、この挿入孔３９ｂに連続する挿入孔３９ｅにボルト４９のねじ部を挿通して取付金具４７のねじ孔４７ｃに螺合し締結することにより行う。   On the other hand, the outer end portion of the telescopic cylinder 39 has a solid portion 39a. The solid portion 39a has an insertion hole 39b for the bolt 49 and a screw hole 39c formed in the outer portion of the insertion hole 39b. The telescopic cylinder 39 and the piston rod 40c are coupled by applying the mounting bracket 47 and the coupling tool 40f to the inner end surface of the solid portion 39a, inserting the bolt 49 into the insertion hole 39b, and inserting the insertion hole 39e continuous with the insertion hole 39b. This is done by inserting the threaded portion of the bolt 49 into the screw hole 47c of the mounting bracket 47 and fastening.

５０はピン２７を取付けるプレート、５１はこのプレート５０の外面に溶接した補強板である。プレート５０と補強板５１には伸縮筒３９への取付け孔５２を有し、この取付け孔５２を、伸縮筒３９の外端に設けた小径部３９ｄに嵌合する。そして補強板５１の外面と伸縮筒３９の外端面に蓋板５３を当て、この蓋板５３に設けた孔５３ａにボルト５４を挿通して伸縮筒３９のねじ孔３９ｃに螺合することにより、プレート５０と補強板５１を伸縮筒３９に固定する。   Reference numeral 50 denotes a plate for attaching the pin 27, and 51 denotes a reinforcing plate welded to the outer surface of the plate 50. The plate 50 and the reinforcing plate 51 have a mounting hole 52 for the telescopic cylinder 39, and the mounting hole 52 is fitted into a small diameter portion 39 d provided at the outer end of the telescopic cylinder 39. Then, a lid plate 53 is applied to the outer surface of the reinforcing plate 51 and the outer end surface of the telescopic cylinder 39, and a bolt 54 is inserted into a hole 53 a provided in the lid plate 53 and screwed into the screw hole 39 c of the telescopic cylinder 39. The plate 50 and the reinforcing plate 51 are fixed to the telescopic cylinder 39.

図４、図５において、５６はピン２７のガイド筒である。このガイド筒５６は、外側板３０ｂの外面に溶接される。このガイド筒５６の内径はピン孔３１と同径でかつ同心である。プレート５０と補強板５１にはピン２７を取付ける取付け孔５７を有し、この取付け孔５７に、ピン２７の外端に設けた小径部２７ａに嵌合する。そして補強板５１の外面とピン２７の外端面に蓋板５８を当て、この蓋板５８に設けた孔５８ａにボルト５９を挿通してピン２７に設けたねじ孔２７ｂに螺合することにより、プレート５０と補強板５１にピン２７を固定する。   4 and 5, reference numeral 56 denotes a guide tube for the pin 27. The guide tube 56 is welded to the outer surface of the outer plate 30b. The inner diameter of the guide tube 56 is the same diameter and concentric with the pin hole 31. The plate 50 and the reinforcing plate 51 have an attachment hole 57 for attaching the pin 27, and the attachment hole 57 is fitted into a small diameter portion 27 a provided at the outer end of the pin 27. Then, a cover plate 58 is applied to the outer surface of the reinforcing plate 51 and the outer end surface of the pin 27, and a bolt 59 is inserted into a hole 58 a provided in the cover plate 58 and screwed into a screw hole 27 b provided in the pin 27. Pins 27 are fixed to the plate 50 and the reinforcing plate 51.

図４において、実線で示すように、基端部材側連結部３０と先端部材側連結部３２とをピン２７により連結した状態では、油圧シリンダ４０は収縮した状態にある。この場合は、ピン２７は基端部材側連結部３０の外側板３０ｂのピン孔３１、先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３、内側板３０ａのピン孔３１に挿着された状態である。一方、油圧シリンダ４０のボトム室４０ｄに圧油を供給して伸縮筒３９を矢印５５に示すように外側に押出すと、プレート５０と共にピン２７が内側板３０ａのピン孔３１、先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３から抜け出る。２点鎖線で示すように、伸縮筒３９が最も伸長した状態では、ピン２７の先端は外側板３０ｂの孔３１内に位置する。この左右のピン２７とこれを作動させる油圧シリンダ４０、伸縮筒３９およびプレート５０などにより１組のピン結合部を構成する。   In FIG. 4, as indicated by the solid line, the hydraulic cylinder 40 is in a contracted state when the proximal end member side coupling portion 30 and the distal end member side coupling portion 32 are coupled by the pin 27. In this case, the pin 27 is inserted into the pin hole 31 of the outer side plate 30b of the base end member side connecting portion 30, the pin hole 33 of the front end member side connecting portion 32, and the pin hole 31 of the inner side plate 30a. On the other hand, when pressure oil is supplied to the bottom chamber 40d of the hydraulic cylinder 40 and the telescopic cylinder 39 is pushed outward as indicated by an arrow 55, the pin 27 together with the plate 50 is connected to the pin hole 31 of the inner plate 30a and the tip member side. It escapes from the pin hole 33 of the part 32. As indicated by the two-dot chain line, in the state where the telescopic cylinder 39 is most extended, the tip of the pin 27 is located in the hole 31 of the outer plate 30b. The left and right pins 27 and the hydraulic cylinder 40, the telescopic cylinder 39, the plate 50, and the like that operate the pins 27 constitute a pair of pin coupling portions.

次にピン２８による基端側構成部材１０ａと先端側構成部材１０ｂとの結合構造（他の組のピン結合部）について説明する。図７に示すように、先端側構成部材１０ｂの左右の先端部材側連結部３２に設けたピン孔６１にピン２８の両端近傍を嵌合し固定することにより、ピン２８をこれらの連結部３２に貫通させかつ両端を連結部３２の外面から外方に突出させて取付ける。一方、図２、図３に示すように、基端側構成部材１０ａの基端部材側連結部３０を構成する内側板３０ａ、外側板３０ｂには、前記ピン２８の両端部を嵌合するための凹部６０を設ける。この凹部６０は、ピン２７による結合部の反対側を開口させた形状を有する。図２、図７はこの凹部６０にピン２８を嵌合した状態を示す。６３はピン２８による構成部材１０ａ，１０ｂ間の結合状態においてピン２８を基端側構成部１０ａ側に固定するボスである。このボス６３はそれぞれ左右のプレート５０の内面に溶接する。６４はプレート５０におけるピン２８との結合部に設けた補強板である。プレート５０と補強板６４にはピン２８の両端に嵌合するピン孔６５を有する。このピン孔６５はボス６３の孔に連続する。   Next, a coupling structure (another set of pin coupling portions) between the base end side structural member 10a and the distal end side structural member 10b by the pins 28 will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the pins 28 are connected to these connecting portions 32 by fitting and fixing the vicinity of both ends of the pins 28 to the pin holes 61 provided in the left and right tip member side connecting portions 32 of the tip-side constituent member 10 b. And both ends projecting outward from the outer surface of the connecting portion 32. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, both ends of the pin 28 are fitted to the inner plate 30a and the outer plate 30b constituting the proximal member side connecting portion 30 of the proximal member 10a. The recess 60 is provided. The concave portion 60 has a shape in which the opposite side of the coupling portion by the pin 27 is opened. 2 and 7 show a state in which the pin 28 is fitted in the recess 60. Reference numeral 63 denotes a boss that fixes the pin 28 to the base-side component 10a side in a coupled state between the component members 10a and 10b by the pin 28. The bosses 63 are welded to the inner surfaces of the left and right plates 50, respectively. Reference numeral 64 denotes a reinforcing plate provided at a joint portion of the plate 50 with the pin 28. The plate 50 and the reinforcing plate 64 have pin holes 65 that fit into both ends of the pin 28. The pin hole 65 is continuous with the hole of the boss 63.

プレート５０におけるピン２８による連結部近傍に、矢印６６に示すように、ボス６３をピン２８に対して抜き差しするための伸縮装置６７を有する。この伸縮装置６７は、図４、図６に示した伸縮装置３４と同じ構造を有する。すなわち、図７に示す伸縮装置６７は、左右の基端部材側連結部３０を貫通しかつ固定して取付けられた筒体６８と、この筒体６８に左右端部よりそれぞれ内嵌しボルト６９により固定して取付けられた固定筒７０と、各固定筒７０内にその外端部より突没可能に内嵌された伸縮筒７１と、固定筒７０および伸縮筒７１内に取付け筒７２を介して取付けられた伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダ７３とを備える。この油圧シリンダ７３は、固定筒７０の内端部にチューブを固定し、かつピストンロッドを伸縮筒７１を連結して取付けられる。前記プレート５０は各伸縮筒７１の外端にボルト７４により固定される。なお、本実施の形態においては、ピン２７とボス６３を共通のプレート５０に取付けているが、ピン２７とボス６３を別々のプレートに取付けてもよい。   An extension device 67 for inserting and removing the boss 63 with respect to the pin 28 is provided near the connecting portion of the plate 50 by the pin 28 as indicated by an arrow 66. The telescopic device 67 has the same structure as the telescopic device 34 shown in FIGS. That is, the telescopic device 67 shown in FIG. 7 has a cylindrical body 68 that passes through and is fixedly attached to the left and right proximal-end-member-side connecting portions 30, and bolts 69 that are respectively fitted into the cylindrical body 68 from the left and right ends. Fixed cylinders 70 fixedly attached by means of, a telescopic cylinder 71 fitted into each fixed cylinder 70 so as to protrude and retract from its outer end portion, and a fixed cylinder 70 and a telescopic cylinder 71 via an attachment cylinder 72. And a telescopic cylinder retracting hydraulic cylinder 73 attached thereto. The hydraulic cylinder 73 is attached by fixing a tube to the inner end portion of the fixed cylinder 70 and connecting a piston rod to the telescopic cylinder 71. The plate 50 is fixed to the outer end of each telescopic cylinder 71 with bolts 74. In this embodiment, the pin 27 and the boss 63 are attached to the common plate 50, but the pin 27 and the boss 63 may be attached to different plates.

図３および図８において、７６はピンによる結合時において、油圧シリンダ４０，７３の誤操作によりピン２７、２８の外れを防止するロック装置である。このロック装置７６は、基端部材側連結部３０の外側板３０ｂに外方向に突出させて溶接したピン７７と、プレート５０に設けられ、ピン７７を摺動可能に挿通するピン孔７８と、このピン孔７８と同心で同じ内径を有し、プレート５０の外面に溶接された筒体７９と、この筒体７９に半径方向に貫通して設けた孔７９ａおよびピン７７に半径方向に貫通して設けた孔７７ａに貫挿されるロック用ロッド８０と、ロック用ロッド８０に設けた雄ねじ部に螺合してロッド８０を筒体７９に締結するナット８１とを備える。   3 and 8, reference numeral 76 denotes a lock device that prevents the pins 27 and 28 from coming off due to an erroneous operation of the hydraulic cylinders 40 and 73 when the pins are coupled. The locking device 76 includes a pin 77 which is protruded outwardly from the outer plate 30b of the base end member side connecting portion 30 and welded thereto, a pin hole 78 which is provided in the plate 50 and through which the pin 77 is slidably inserted. A cylindrical body 79 that is concentric with the pin hole 78 and has the same inner diameter and is welded to the outer surface of the plate 50, and a hole 79 a and a pin 77 that penetrates the cylindrical body 79 in the radial direction and penetrates in the radial direction. The locking rod 80 is inserted into the hole 77a provided in the first step, and the nut 81 is screwed into the male screw portion provided in the locking rod 80 to fasten the rod 80 to the cylindrical body 79.

このロック装置７６においては、ピン２７，２８による構成部材１０ａ，１０ｂの結合を行っている状態において、ロック用ロッド８０を孔７９ａ，７７ａに貫挿し、ナット８１を螺合、締結して抜け止めすることにより、外側板３０ｂからプレート５０が離れることを防止する。このため、ピン２７が内側板３０ａのピン孔３１や先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３から抜け出ることが防止される。また、ボス６３がピン２８から抜け出ることが防止される。なお、ロック用ロッド８０としては雄ねじ溝を有するボルト構造のものではなく、ピンを用いてもよい。   In this locking device 76, in a state where the constituent members 10a and 10b are coupled by the pins 27 and 28, the locking rod 80 is inserted into the holes 79a and 77a, and the nut 81 is screwed and fastened to prevent the locking member 76 from coming off. This prevents the plate 50 from separating from the outer plate 30b. For this reason, the pin 27 is prevented from coming out of the pin hole 31 of the inner plate 30a or the pin hole 33 of the tip member side connecting portion 32. Further, the boss 63 is prevented from coming out of the pin 28. The lock rod 80 is not a bolt structure having a male screw groove, and a pin may be used.

図２において、８４はピン２７による連結時に先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３を基端部材側連結部３０のピン孔３１に合わせるために先端側構成部材１０ｂの側面に設けた調整ボルトである。８５は先端側構成部材１０ｂの側面に固定した金具、８６はこの金具８５に溶接したナットである。調整ボルト８４はナット８６による構成される雌ねじ部に螺合して取付けられる。この調整ボルト８４は、組立時に、ピン２８に凹部６０を嵌合した状態で、調整ボルト８４の頭部を基端部材側連結部３０の外側板３０ｂの端部を当接させるだけで、ピン孔３１，３３どうしの位置合わせが行えるように、調整ボルト８４の雌ねじ部へのねじ込み深さを調整するものである。   In FIG. 2, 84 is an adjustment bolt provided on the side surface of the distal end side component member 10 b in order to align the pin hole 33 of the distal end member side coupling portion 32 with the pin hole 31 of the proximal end member side coupling portion 30 when coupled by the pin 27. is there. Reference numeral 85 denotes a metal fitting fixed to the side surface of the front end side component member 10b, and 86 denotes a nut welded to the metal fitting 85. The adjustment bolt 84 is screwed onto a female screw portion constituted by a nut 86. The adjustment bolt 84 can be obtained by merely bringing the head of the adjustment bolt 84 into contact with the end of the outer side plate 30b of the base end member side connecting portion 30 with the recess 60 fitted to the pin 28 during assembly. The screwing depth of the adjusting bolt 84 into the female thread portion is adjusted so that the holes 31 and 33 can be aligned with each other.

この建設機械における基端側構成部材１０ａと先端側構成部材１０ｂとの分解、組立は図９に示すように行うことができる。まず分解時には、作業具１５を着地させ、先端側構成部材１０ｂあるいは第２のアーム１２を台８３あるいはクレーン（図示せず）により支持しておき、図３、図８に示したロック装置７６のロッド８０を抜き、プレート５０を外側板３０ｂから離反可能とする。そして油圧シリンダ４０，７３を伸長させることにより、ピン２７を基端部材側連結部３０の内側板３０ａのピン孔３１や先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３から引き抜き、同時に、ボス６３をピン２８から外す。次に建設機械の本体を自走によって後退させることにより、第１のアーム１０の基端側構成部材１０ａおよび油圧シリンダ１１を上部旋回体３に付けたままで分離することができる。   The disassembly and assembly of the base end side component member 10a and the tip end side component member 10b in this construction machine can be performed as shown in FIG. First, at the time of disassembly, the work tool 15 is landed, and the distal end side component member 10b or the second arm 12 is supported by a base 83 or a crane (not shown), and the lock device 76 shown in FIGS. The rod 80 is pulled out so that the plate 50 can be separated from the outer plate 30b. Then, by extending the hydraulic cylinders 40 and 73, the pin 27 is pulled out from the pin hole 31 of the inner side plate 30a of the base end member side connecting portion 30 and the pin hole 33 of the tip end member side connecting portion 32, and at the same time, the boss 63 is pinned. Remove from 28. Next, by retracting the main body of the construction machine by self-propelling, it is possible to separate the base end side structural member 10a of the first arm 10 and the hydraulic cylinder 11 while being attached to the upper swing body 3.

反対に組立時には、油圧シリンダ４０，７３の伸長により伸縮筒３９、７１を図４、図７に２点鎖線で示すように伸長しておく。この時、ピン２７はガイド筒５６および外側板３０ｂのピン孔３１内に先端側が収容された状態であって、外側板３０ｂの内面より内側に突出しない状態である。また、ボス６３はピン２８と干渉しない位置に退避させた状態である。この状態で、図９に示したように、作業具１５を着地させ、先端側構成部材１０ｂあるいは第２のアーム１２を台８３あるいはクレーン（図示せず）により支持しておき、建設機械の自走により基端部材側連結部３０を先端部材側連結部３２の下の嵌合可能な所に位置させ、油圧シリンダ１１の伸長により基端部材側連結部３０を持ち上げて基端部材側連結部３０を先端部材側連結部３２に嵌合すると共に、ピン２８の両端部に基端部材側連結部３０の凹部６０を嵌合する。   On the contrary, at the time of assembly, the telescopic cylinders 39 and 71 are extended as shown by two-dot chain lines in FIGS. 4 and 7 by extension of the hydraulic cylinders 40 and 73. At this time, the pin 27 is in a state where the distal end side is accommodated in the guide tube 56 and the pin hole 31 of the outer plate 30b and does not protrude inward from the inner surface of the outer plate 30b. The boss 63 is in a state where it is retracted to a position where it does not interfere with the pin 28. In this state, as shown in FIG. 9, the work tool 15 is landed, and the front-end side component member 10b or the second arm 12 is supported by the base 83 or a crane (not shown). The base end member side connecting portion 30 is positioned at a position where the base end member side connecting portion 32 can be fitted under the distal end member side connecting portion 32 by running, and the base end member side connecting portion 30 is lifted by the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 11. 30 is fitted to the distal end member side coupling portion 32, and the recess 60 of the proximal end member side coupling portion 30 is fitted to both ends of the pin 28.

その後、油圧シリンダ１１をさらに伸長させて図２に示した外側板３０ｂの端部を調整ボルト８４の頭部に当接させる。これにより、基端部材側連結部３０のピン孔３１と先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３の位置が合致する。この状態で油圧シリンダ４０，７３を収縮させることにより、ピン２７を先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３から基端部材側連結部３０の内側板３０ａのピン孔３１に亘って挿着する。同時に、ボス６３をピン２８の両端に嵌合する。その後、図２、図８に示したロック用ロッド８０を孔７９ａ，７７ａに貫挿し、ナット８１をロッド８０に螺合して抜け止めする。   Thereafter, the hydraulic cylinder 11 is further extended so that the end of the outer plate 30b shown in FIG. Thereby, the position of the pin hole 31 of the base end member side connection part 30 and the pin hole 33 of the front end member side connection part 32 correspond. By contracting the hydraulic cylinders 40 and 73 in this state, the pin 27 is inserted from the pin hole 33 of the distal end member side connecting portion 32 to the pin hole 31 of the inner side plate 30 a of the proximal end member side connecting portion 30. At the same time, the boss 63 is fitted to both ends of the pin 28. Thereafter, the locking rod 80 shown in FIGS. 2 and 8 is inserted into the holes 79a and 77a, and the nut 81 is screwed into the rod 80 to prevent it from coming off.

以上に述べたように、この実施の形態の着脱装置においては、伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダ４０のボトム室に圧油を供給すると、伸縮筒３９が外方向に突出し、これにより、先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３および基端部材側連結部３０のピン孔３１に挿入されていたピン２７を外方向に移動し、内側板３０ａのピン孔３１および先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３から抜くことにより、結合が解かれる。反対に伸縮筒３９が外方向に突出した状態から、伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダ４０のロッド室に圧油を供給してピン２７を内方向に移動させ、先端部材側連結部３２のピン孔３３、内側板３０ａのピン孔３１に亘ってピン２７を挿入することにより、連結がなされる。   As described above, in the attachment / detachment apparatus of this embodiment, when pressure oil is supplied to the bottom chamber of the telescopic cylinder projecting hydraulic cylinder 40, the telescopic cylinder 39 protrudes outward, whereby the tip member side The pin 27 inserted into the pin hole 33 of the connecting portion 32 and the pin hole 31 of the proximal end member side connecting portion 30 is moved outward, and the pin hole 31 of the inner plate 30a and the pin hole of the distal end member side connecting portion 32 are moved. By disconnecting from 33, the connection is released. On the other hand, from the state in which the telescopic cylinder 39 protrudes outward, pressure oil is supplied to the rod chamber of the telescopic cylinder projecting hydraulic cylinder 40 to move the pin 27 inward, and the pin hole of the tip member side connecting portion 32 33, The pin 27 is inserted across the pin hole 31 of the inner plate 30a, and the connection is made.

このように、比較的強い力が必要なピン引き抜きの際に油圧シリンダ４０のボトム室が圧油が供給されてピン挿入時より強い力が発揮できる構成のため、ピンの引き抜きが容易となる。また、比較的小型の油圧シリンダを用いることが可能となる。   As described above, when the pin requiring a relatively strong force is pulled out, the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 40 is supplied with the pressure oil and can exert a stronger force than when the pin is inserted, so that the pin can be easily pulled out. In addition, a relatively small hydraulic cylinder can be used.

また、この実施の形態においては、ピン２７とピン２８からなる２組のピン結合部のうち、ピン２８側の組は先端側構成部材１０ｂ側のピン２８と基端側構成部材１０ａの凹部６０との嵌合によりピン結合が行われるようにしたので、図２、図９で説明したように、最初に凹部６０にピン２８を嵌合しておき、次に先端側構成部材１０ｂをそのピン２８を中心に回動させるだけでピン２７のピン結合部におけるピン孔３１，３３の位置合わせを行うことができ、ピン孔３１，３３の位置合わせが容易となる。   Further, in this embodiment, of the two sets of pin coupling portions composed of the pin 27 and the pin 28, the set on the pin 28 side is the pin 28 on the distal end side component member 10b side and the recess 60 of the proximal end side component member 10a. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 9, the pin 28 is first fitted in the recess 60, and then the tip-side component member 10b is moved to the pin. It is possible to align the pin holes 31 and 33 in the pin coupling portion of the pin 27 only by rotating around the pin 28, and the pin holes 31 and 33 can be easily aligned.

また、この実施の形態においては、さらに、凹部６０とピン２８との嵌合構造を採用した場合、そのピン２８に嵌合させてピン２８を基端部材側連結部３０に固定するボス６３を設けたので、ピン２８と凹部６０とが外れることを防止することができる。また、この場合も、ボス６３を外す際に油圧シリンダ７３に大きな力を発揮させることができるので、ボス６３の外し作業を容易に行うことができ、このボス抜き差しのための油圧シリンダ７３にも小型のものを用いることができる。   Further, in this embodiment, when the fitting structure of the recess 60 and the pin 28 is adopted, the boss 63 that is fitted to the pin 28 and fixes the pin 28 to the base member side connecting portion 30 is provided. Since it provided, it can prevent that the pin 28 and the recessed part 60 remove | deviate. Also in this case, since the hydraulic cylinder 73 can exert a large force when the boss 63 is removed, the boss 63 can be easily removed, and the hydraulic cylinder 73 for inserting and removing the boss can also be used. A small one can be used.

また、この実施の形態においては、ピン２７，２８による結合状態において、プレート５０が基端部材側連結部３０から離れることを防止するロック装置７６を設けたので、油圧シリンダ４０，７３がピン結合を解く方向に誤操作されてもピン結合が保たれ、安全性が向上する。   Further, in this embodiment, since the locking device 76 for preventing the plate 50 from separating from the base end member side connecting portion 30 in the coupled state by the pins 27 and 28 is provided, the hydraulic cylinders 40 and 73 are coupled by the pin coupling. Even if it is operated incorrectly in the direction of unraveling, the pin connection is maintained and the safety is improved.

図１０は本発明の他の実施の形態であり、この実施の形態は、上部旋回体３に取付けられる基端側構成部材１０ａに着脱装置１９を介して異なる構造のフロント７Ａを着脱、交換可能に取付けるものであり、この着脱装置１９はこのように、フロントの交換を容易に行う場合にも用いることができる。また、図示のように継ぎ足し用の構成部材１０ｃの結合、分解にも用いることができる。   FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a front-side component member 10a attached to the upper swing body 3 can be attached / detached and replaced with a front 7A having a different structure via an attaching / detaching device 19. The attachment / detachment device 19 can also be used when the front is easily exchanged. Further, as shown in the figure, it can also be used for joining and disassembling the additional component 10c.

また、上記実施の形態においては、凹部６０とピン２８との嵌合構造以外に１組のピン２７によるピン結合を行う例について示したが、凹部６０とピン２８との嵌合構造以外にピン２７による結合部を２組設ける場合にも適用できる。また、図１１に示すように、一方のピン２８を凹部６０に嵌合する構造ではなく、２組のピン２７，２７Ａを共に基端部材側連結部３０と先端側構成部材３２のピン孔３１，３３に挿着する構造とする場合にも適用することができる。この場合、ピン２７Ａはプレート５０に取付けられ、ピン２７Ａは、ピン２７の伸縮装置３４と同様の構造を有する伸縮装置９０により突没される。さらに本発明は、上部旋回体３に取付ける通称ブームに相当する第１のアーム１０について分解、組立可能な構成とするのではなく、ブームに回動可能に取付けるアームの部分を分解、組立可能に構成する場合にも適用することができる。   In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the pin coupling by the pair of pins 27 is performed in addition to the fitting structure of the recess 60 and the pin 28 has been described. The present invention can also be applied to the case where two sets of connecting portions by 27 are provided. As shown in FIG. 11, the two pins 27 and 27 </ b> A are both connected to the base member-side connecting portion 30 and the pin hole 31 of the tip-side component member 32, rather than a structure in which one pin 28 is fitted into the recess 60. , 33 can also be applied. In this case, the pin 27 </ b> A is attached to the plate 50, and the pin 27 </ b> A is projected and retracted by the expansion / contraction device 90 having the same structure as the expansion / contraction device 34 of the pin 27. Further, in the present invention, the first arm 10 corresponding to a so-called boom attached to the upper swing body 3 is not disassembled and assembled, but the portion of the arm that is rotatably attached to the boom can be disassembled and assembled. The present invention can also be applied to a configuration.

１：下部走行体、２：旋回装置、３：上部旋回体、４：油圧パワーユニット、５：運転室、７：フロント、９：油圧シリンダ、１０：第１のアーム，１０ａ：基端側構成部材、１０ｂ：先端側構成部材、１１：油圧シリンダ、１２：第２のアーム、１３：油圧シリンダ、１４：第３のアーム、１５：作業具、１６：油圧シリンダ、１７：リンク機構、１９：着脱装置、２０：ピン、２１：連結部、２２：ピン、２３：連結部、２４：ピン、２５：連結部、２７，２７Ａ，２８：ピン、３０：基端部材側連結部、３０ａ：内側板、３０ｂ：外側板、３１：ピン孔、３２：先端部材側連結部、３３：ピン孔、３４：伸縮装置、３５：筒体、３６：固定筒３７：ボルト、３９：伸縮筒、４０：伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダ、４０ｄ：ボトム室、４０ｅ：ロッド室、４１：取付け筒、４２：ボルト、４３ａ〜４３ｄ，４４ａ〜４４ｆ：油路形成用孔、４０ｆ：結合具、４７：取付金具、５０：プレート、５１：補強板、５３：蓋板、５４：ボルト、５６：ガイド筒、５７：取付け孔、５８：蓋板、５９：ボルト、６０：凹部、６１：ピン孔、６３：ボス、６４：補強板、６７：伸縮装置、６８：筒体、６９：ボルト、７０：固定筒、７１：伸縮筒、７２：取付け筒、７３：伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダ、７４：ボルト、７６：ロック装置、７７：ピン、７８：ピン孔、７９：筒体、８０：ロック用ロッド、８１：ナット、８３：台、８４：調整ボルト、８５：金具、８６：ナット、９０：伸縮装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Lower traveling body, 2: Turning apparatus, 3: Upper turning body, 4: Hydraulic power unit, 5: Driver's cab, 7: Front, 9: Hydraulic cylinder, 10: 1st arm, 10a: Base end side structural member 10b: tip side component, 11: hydraulic cylinder, 12: second arm, 13: hydraulic cylinder, 14: third arm, 15: work tool, 16: hydraulic cylinder, 17: link mechanism, 19: attachment / detachment Device: 20: Pin, 21: Connection part, 22: Pin, 23: Connection part, 24: Pin, 25: Connection part, 27, 27A, 28: Pin, 30: Proximal member side connection part, 30a: Inner plate , 30b: outer plate, 31: pin hole, 32: tip member side connecting portion, 33: pin hole, 34: expansion / contraction device, 35: cylinder, 36: fixed cylinder 37: bolt, 39: expansion / contraction cylinder, 40: expansion / contraction Cylinder protrusion hydraulic cylinder, 40d: bottom chamber, 40e Rod chamber, 41: mounting cylinder, 42: bolt, 43a to 43d, 44a to 44f: oil passage forming hole, 40f: coupling tool, 47: mounting bracket, 50: plate, 51: reinforcing plate, 53: lid plate, 54: bolt, 56: guide tube, 57: mounting hole, 58: lid plate, 59: bolt, 60: recess, 61: pin hole, 63: boss, 64: reinforcing plate, 67: expansion and contraction device, 68: cylinder , 69: bolt, 70: fixed cylinder, 71: telescopic cylinder, 72: mounting cylinder, 73: hydraulic cylinder for retracting the telescopic cylinder, 74: bolt, 76: locking device, 77: pin, 78: pin hole, 79: Cylindrical body, 80: Rod for locking, 81: Nut, 83: Stand, 84: Adjustment bolt, 85: Metal fitting, 86: Nut, 90: Extending device

Claims (4)

上部旋回体に作業用フロントが取付けられる建設機械に用いられ、前記作業用フロントの基端側構成部材と先端側構成部材とを着脱する装置において、
基端側構成部材の先端部の左右両側に設けられ、かつピン孔を有する基端部材側連結部と、
先端側構成部材の基端部の左右両側に設けられると共に、前記基端部材側連結部に雌雄結合構造で組み合わされ、かつ前記ピン孔に対応するピン孔を有する先端部材側連結部と、
前記基端側構成部材の前記左右の基端部材側連結部に亘って取付けられた筒体と、
前記筒体に左右端部よりそれぞれ内嵌して固定された固定筒と、
前記各固定筒内にその外端部より突没可能に内嵌された伸縮筒と、
前記各固定筒の内端部にチューブを固定し、かつピストンロッドを前記伸縮筒に連結して前記固定筒内に設けられた伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダと、
前記伸縮筒の外端に固定されたプレートと、
前記プレートに取付けられ、前記伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダの伸縮により、互いに嵌合された前記基端部材側連結部と前記先端部材側連結部のピン孔に抜き差しされて両連結部を分離、結合するピンとを備えたことを特徴とする建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置。 In an apparatus that is used in a construction machine in which a work front is attached to an upper swing body, and that attaches and detaches a base end side component member and a tip end side component member of the work front,
A proximal end member-side connecting portion that is provided on both the left and right sides of the distal end portion of the proximal end side component member and has a pin hole;
Provided on both left and right sides of the proximal end portion of the distal end side component member, and combined with the proximal end member side coupling portion in a male-female coupling structure and having a pin hole corresponding to the pin hole,
A cylindrical body attached across the left and right proximal end member side coupling portions of the proximal end side component member;
A fixed cylinder that is fitted and fixed to the cylinder body from the left and right ends, respectively;
Telescopic cylinders fitted inside the fixed cylinders so as to be able to project and retract from their outer ends,
A telescopic cylinder projecting and retracting hydraulic cylinder provided in the fixed cylinder by fixing a tube to the inner end of each fixed cylinder and connecting a piston rod to the telescopic cylinder;
A plate fixed to the outer end of the telescopic cylinder;
Attached to the plate, and by extending and retracting the telescopic cylinder projecting hydraulic cylinder, the base end member side connecting portion and the distal end member side connecting portion which are fitted to each other are inserted into and removed from the pin holes to separate both connecting portions, An attachment / detachment device between front constituent members of a construction machine, comprising: a pin to be coupled. 請求項１に記載の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置において、
前記基端部材側連結部と前記先端部材側連結部に２組のピン結合部を有し、
２組のピン結合部のうちの一方の組は、前記伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダを伸縮させることによって左右のピンを移動させて基端部材側連結部と前記先端部材側連結部との分離、結合を行う構成とし、
他方の組のピン結合部は、先端部材側連結部に左右に向けて取付けたピンと、このピンの両端部に嵌合するように、前記一方の組のピン結合部の反対側を開口させて前記左右の基端部材側連結部に設けた凹部とにより構成したことを特徴とする建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置。 In the attachment / detachment apparatus between the front structural members of the construction machine according to claim 1,
The base end member side connecting portion and the distal end member side connecting portion have two sets of pin coupling portions,
One set of the two sets of pin coupling portions separates the proximal end member side coupling portion and the distal end member side coupling portion by moving the left and right pins by expanding and contracting the telescopic cylinder projecting and retracting hydraulic cylinder. , The configuration to combine,
The other set of pin coupling portions has a pin attached to the tip member side coupling portion to the left and right, and an opening on the opposite side of the one set of pin coupling portions so as to be fitted to both ends of the pin. An attachment / detachment device between front constituent members of a construction machine, characterized in that it is constituted by concave portions provided in the left and right base end member side connecting portions. 請求項２に記載の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置において、
前記他方の組のピン結合部は、前記基端側構成部材に前記左右の基端部材側連結部に亘って取付けられた筒体と、
前記筒体に左右端部よりそれぞれ内嵌し固定された固定筒と、
前記各固定筒内にその外端部より突没可能に内嵌された伸縮筒と、
前記固定筒の内端部にチューブを固定し、かつピストンロッドを前記伸縮筒に連結して前記固定筒内に設けられた伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダと、
前記各伸縮筒の外端に固定されたプレートと、
前記各プレートに取付けられ、前記伸縮筒突没用油圧シリンダの伸縮により、前記凹部に嵌合されたピンの端部に対して離脱、嵌合されるボスとを備えたことを特徴とする建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置。 In the attachment / detachment apparatus between the front structural members of the construction machine according to claim 2,
The other set of pin coupling portions includes a cylindrical body attached to the base end side component member over the left and right base end member side coupling portions;
Fixed cylinders fitted and fixed to the cylinder body from the left and right ends,
Telescopic cylinders fitted inside the fixed cylinders so as to be able to project and retract from their outer ends,
A hydraulic cylinder for retracting a telescopic cylinder provided in the fixed cylinder by fixing a tube to the inner end of the fixed cylinder and connecting a piston rod to the telescopic cylinder;
A plate fixed to the outer end of each telescopic tube;
A construction comprising: a boss attached to each of the plates, and a boss that is separated from and fitted to an end of a pin fitted in the recess by expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder projecting and retracting hydraulic cylinder. Detachment device between front components of the machine. 請求項１から３までのいずれか１項に記載の建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置において、
前記プレートが前記基端部材側連結部に近接したピン結合状態で前記プレートを前記基端部材側連結部に固定するロック装置を設けたことを特徴とする建設機械のフロント構成部材間の着脱装置。 In the attachment or detachment apparatus between the front structural members of the construction machine of any one of Claim 1 to 3,
A device for attaching and detaching between front constituent members of a construction machine, wherein a locking device is provided for fixing the plate to the base end member side connecting portion in a pin coupling state where the plate is close to the base end member side connecting portion. .
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