JP2010127452A - Wave gear speed reducer for robot - Google Patents

Wave gear speed reducer for robot Download PDF

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JP2010127452A
JP2010127452A JP2008306231A JP2008306231A JP2010127452A JP 2010127452 A JP2010127452 A JP 2010127452A JP 2008306231 A JP2008306231 A JP 2008306231A JP 2008306231 A JP2008306231 A JP 2008306231A JP 2010127452 A JP2010127452 A JP 2010127452A
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flexible
external gear
gear
wave
outer ring
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JP5071356B2 (en
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Takayuki Suzuki
隆幸 鈴木
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Denso Wave Inc
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Denso Wave Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a slip of a flexible external gear and an outer ring of a wave bearing in a wave gear speed reducer used for a drive mechanism of a robot arm. <P>SOLUTION: A groove 21 is formed on the outer circumference surface of the flexible outer ring 15. A slip prevention member 22 including a connecting piece 22a fixed on the attachment part 7 of the external gear main part 6, a flexible piece 22b bent perpendicular to the connection piece 22a, and an engagement piece 22c formed at the tip of the flexible piece 22b is disposed inside the external gear main part 6 of a flexible external gear 5. A tip of the engagement piece 22c is inserted in the groove 21 of the flexible outer ring 15. Thus, the flexible external gear 5 and the flexible outer ring 15 are integrated by the slip prevention member 22, preventing slip. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、ロボットアームの駆動機構に使用される波動歯車減速装置に係り、特に、可撓性外歯歯車とウエーブベアリングとの間の滑りを防止するようにしたものに関する。   The present invention relates to a wave gear reduction device used for a drive mechanism of a robot arm, and more particularly to a device that prevents slippage between a flexible external gear and a wave bearing.

ロボット用波動歯車減速装置は、例えば特許文献1に開示されている。これは、環状の剛性内歯歯車と、この剛性内歯歯車の内側に配置され剛性内歯歯車の内歯と噛み合い可能な外歯を有した筒状の可撓性外歯歯車と、この可撓性外歯歯車の内側にウエーブベアリングを介して嵌め込まれた楕円形のカム板とから構成されており、剛性内歯歯車の内歯の歯数は可撓性外歯歯車の外歯の歯数よりも2n(nは正の整数)だけ多く(通常は2枚だけ多く)設定されている。   A wave gear reduction device for a robot is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. This includes an annular rigid internal gear, a cylindrical flexible external gear having external teeth disposed inside the rigid internal gear and capable of meshing with the internal teeth of the rigid internal gear. It consists of an elliptical cam plate that is fitted inside the flexible external gear via a wave bearing, and the number of teeth of the internal teeth of the rigid internal gear is the number of external teeth of the flexible external gear The number is set to be 2n (n is a positive integer) larger than the number (usually, only 2 is larger).

この波動歯車減速装置では、カム板が楕円形であることにより、ウエーブベアリングの可撓性外輪および可撓性外歯歯車が楕円形に撓み、そのため、可撓性外歯歯車は、外歯を180度隔てた2部分で剛性内歯歯車の内歯に噛み合わせている。そして、例えば、剛性内歯歯車を回転しないように固定した状態でカム板をモータによって回転駆動すると、ウエーブベアリングの可撓性外輪および可撓性外歯歯車が半径方向に撓んで可撓性外歯歯車の外歯の噛み合わせ位置が円周方向に移動する。その結果、内歯と外歯の歯数差に応じた相対回転が可撓性外歯歯車に発生するので、歯数差に応じた減速比で減速された回転出力が可撓性外歯歯車から得られ、この可撓性外歯歯車の回転出力によってアームを旋回させる。
ロボットは、上述のような波動歯車減速装置によって旋回駆動されるアームを複数本連結、つまり一のアームの先端に別のアームを連結する形態で、複数のアームを順に連結して構成されている。
特開平10−318338号公報
In this wave gear reduction device, the cam plate is elliptical, so that the flexible outer ring and the flexible external gear of the wave bearing bend into an elliptical shape. Therefore, the flexible external gear has external teeth. It is meshed with the internal teeth of the rigid internal gear at two portions separated by 180 degrees. Then, for example, when the cam plate is rotationally driven by a motor while the rigid internal gear is fixed so as not to rotate, the flexible outer ring and the flexible external gear of the wave bearing are bent in the radial direction so that the flexible outer gear is not flexible. The meshing position of the external teeth of the tooth gear moves in the circumferential direction. As a result, relative rotation according to the difference in the number of teeth between the internal teeth and the external teeth is generated in the flexible external gear, so that the rotation output decelerated at a reduction ratio according to the difference in the number of teeth is output from the flexible external gear. The arm is turned by the rotational output of the flexible external gear.
The robot is configured by connecting a plurality of arms in order in a form in which a plurality of arms driven to rotate by the wave gear reduction device as described above are connected, that is, another arm is connected to the tip of one arm. .
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-318338

ロボット、特に産業用のロボットでは、教示された動作を何度も繰り返すので、その教示動作を繰り返す限り、アームは常に教示された位置に正確に停止することが要求される。
ところが、ロボットに目標位置を教示し、アームを教示された目標位置に移動させる試験を繰り返し行うと、アームの駆動機構の減速装置に波動歯車減速装置を用いたロボットでは、アーム先端に取り付けられたハンドの停止位置が、動作の度に、微妙に異なるという不具合を生じた。この動作の度にハンドの停止位置が微妙に異なるという現象、つまりハンド停止位置の再現性が低いという問題は、波動歯車減速装置を用いたロボットに特有の問題であり、このような問題を生じない波動歯車減速装置の出現が切に望まれる。この場合、産業用のロボットでは、大型化が組立ラインの拡張に繋がるので、ハンド停止位置の再現性を高くするために、部品を波動歯車減速装置に追加する場合、その追加部品によって波動歯車減速装置が大型化すると、ロボット全体が大型化するので、これは極力避けなければならない。
In robots, particularly industrial robots, the taught motion is repeated many times. Therefore, as long as the teaching motion is repeated, the arm is always required to stop accurately at the taught position.
However, when the robot was taught using the wave gear reduction device as the reduction mechanism of the arm drive mechanism when the robot was instructed to teach the robot the target position and repeatedly move the arm to the taught target position, it was attached to the tip of the arm. There was a problem that the stop position of the hand was slightly different for each movement. The phenomenon that the hand stop position is slightly different for each movement, that is, the problem of low reproducibility of the hand stop position is a problem peculiar to a robot using a wave gear reduction device, which causes such a problem. The emergence of a wave gear reducer with no wave is highly desired. In this case, in an industrial robot, the increase in size leads to the expansion of the assembly line. Therefore, in order to increase the reproducibility of the hand stop position, when adding parts to the wave gear reduction device, the additional parts reduce the wave gear reduction. When the device becomes larger, the entire robot becomes larger, and this must be avoided as much as possible.

そこで、本発明の目的は、ロボットアームの駆動機構に使用される波動歯車減速装置にあって、ハンド停止位置の再現性を高くすることができると共に、そのハンド停止位置の再現性を高くするための追加部品による大型化を極力避けることができるロボット用波動歯車減速装置を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is a wave gear speed reduction device used for a drive mechanism of a robot arm, in order to increase the reproducibility of the hand stop position and to increase the reproducibility of the hand stop position. An object of the present invention is to provide a wave gear reduction device for a robot that can avoid an increase in size due to additional parts as much as possible.

本発明者は、ロボットアームの駆動機構の減速装置に波動歯車減速装置を用いると、動作の度に停止位置が微妙に異なるという不具合を生ずる原因が、波動歯車減速装置の可撓性外歯歯車がウエーブベアリングの可撓性外輪に対して滑るところにあることを見出した。つまり、可撓性外輪は高精度に加工されているが、その肉厚が円周方向の各位置で数μmという微小な値ではあるが変動している。この可撓性外輪が可撓性外歯歯車に対して相対的に滑ると、アームが目標位置で停止したとき、その都度、剛性内歯歯車の内歯に対する可撓性外歯歯車の外歯の噛み合い高さ位置が変化することになる。この内歯に対する外歯の噛み合い高さ位置の変化が可撓性外歯歯車の回転角度の変化(アームの旋回角度の変化)となって現れる。   The present inventor uses a wave gear reduction device as a speed reduction device for a drive mechanism of a robot arm. The cause of the problem that the stop position is slightly different for each operation is the cause of the problem of the flexible external gear of the wave gear reduction device. Was found to slide against the flexible outer ring of the wave bearing. That is, the flexible outer ring is processed with high accuracy, but the thickness of the flexible outer ring fluctuates although it is a minute value of several μm at each position in the circumferential direction. When this flexible outer ring slides relative to the flexible external gear, each time the arm stops at the target position, the external teeth of the flexible external gear with respect to the internal teeth of the rigid internal gear The meshing height position changes. The change in the meshing height position of the external teeth with respect to the internal teeth appears as a change in the rotation angle of the flexible external gear (change in the turning angle of the arm).

この内歯に対する外歯の噛み合い高さ位置の変化による可撓性外歯歯車の角度変化が微小であっても、アームは比較的長いので、角度変化による誤差が増幅されてアームの先端では無視できない旋回距離の誤差となって現れると共に、ロボットが複数のアームを連結して構成されているため、複数のアームの旋回距離の誤差が更に増幅されてハンドの停止位置の誤差となって現れるのである。   Even if the angle change of the flexible external gear due to the change in the meshing height position of the external tooth with respect to the internal tooth is small, the arm is relatively long, so the error due to the angle change is amplified and ignored at the tip of the arm. Since the robot is configured by connecting multiple arms, the error of the turning distance of the arms is further amplified and appears as an error of the stop position of the hand. is there.

請求項1,2では、可撓性外歯歯車に固定した滑り止め部材の係合部がウエーブベアリングの可撓性外輪に形成された被係合部に係合しているので、この滑り止め部材によって可撓性外輪に対する可撓性外歯歯車の滑りが防止される。このため、アームが目標位置で停止したときの内歯に対する外歯の噛み合い高さ位置が一定となり、停止位置の再現性が高くなる。しかも、滑り止め部材は可撓性外歯歯車の外歯歯車主部の内側に配設され(請求項1)、或いは、外歯歯車主部の内側から取付部にかけて配設されるので、大型化を極力避けることができる。   In Claims 1 and 2, since the engaging portion of the anti-slip member fixed to the flexible external gear engages with the engaged portion formed on the flexible outer ring of the wave bearing, The member prevents the flexible external gear from slipping with respect to the flexible outer ring. For this reason, when the arm stops at the target position, the meshing height position of the external teeth with respect to the internal teeth becomes constant, and the reproducibility of the stop position becomes high. In addition, the anti-slip member is arranged inside the main portion of the external gear of the flexible external gear (Claim 1), or is arranged from the inside of the main portion of the external gear to the mounting portion. Can be avoided as much as possible.

以下、本発明を実施形態により具体的に説明する。
図1〜図5は第1の実施形態を示す。図1は波動歯車減速装置の全体構成を示す断面図であり、この図1に示すように、波動歯車減速装置1は、内周面に内歯2が形成された円環状の剛性内歯歯車3を備えている。この剛性内歯歯車3には、相手部材への固定用のボルトを通すための通し孔4が複数個形成されている。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to embodiments.
1 to 5 show a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of a wave gear reduction device. As shown in FIG. 1, the wave gear reduction device 1 is an annular rigid internal gear with internal teeth 2 formed on the inner peripheral surface. 3 is provided. The rigid internal gear 3 is formed with a plurality of through holes 4 through which bolts for fixing to the mating member are passed.

上記剛性内歯歯車3の内側には、同心状に可撓性外歯歯車5が配置されている。可撓性外歯歯車5は、例えばばね鋼製から円筒状に形成された可撓性ある外歯歯車主部6と、この外歯歯車主部6の一端部に内側に向かって直角に延びるように一体に形成された環状の取付部7からなる。外歯歯車主部6の他端は開口されており、可撓性外歯歯車5の全体形状としてはカップ型となっている。そして、外歯歯車主部6の開口された他端部の外周面には、剛性内歯歯車3の内歯2に噛み合い可能な外歯8が形成されている。この外歯8の枚数は、内歯2の枚数よりも例えば2枚少なく設定されている。   A flexible external gear 5 is disposed concentrically inside the rigid internal gear 3. The flexible external gear 5 is, for example, a flexible external gear main portion 6 formed in a cylindrical shape from spring steel and one end portion of the external gear main portion 6 extending at a right angle toward the inside. The ring-shaped mounting portion 7 is integrally formed as described above. The other end of the external gear main portion 6 is opened, and the overall shape of the flexible external gear 5 is a cup shape. External teeth 8 that can mesh with the internal teeth 2 of the rigid internal gear 3 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the other end of the external gear main portion 6 that is opened. The number of outer teeth 8 is set to be, for example, two less than the number of inner teeth 2.

一方、取付部7の中央部は円形孔9を有した厚肉な座部7aとされており、この座部7aには、相手部材への固定用のボルトを通すための通し孔10が複数個形成されている。取付部7には、外歯歯車主部6の内側に配設された円形の座板11が重ねられている。この座板11は、中央部に取付部7の円形孔9と同心の円形孔12を有していると共に、取付部7に重ねられる面側に、円形孔12と同心で取付部7の円形孔9に嵌め込まれる短円筒状の嵌合部11aが突設されている。また、座板11には、取付部7の複数個の通し孔10に合致する複数個の通し孔13が形成されている。   On the other hand, the central portion of the mounting portion 7 is a thick seat portion 7a having a circular hole 9. The seat portion 7a has a plurality of through holes 10 through which bolts for fixing to a mating member are passed. Individually formed. A circular seat plate 11 disposed inside the external gear main portion 6 is overlaid on the mounting portion 7. The seat plate 11 has a circular hole 12 concentric with the circular hole 9 of the attachment portion 7 at the center, and a circular shape of the attachment portion 7 concentrically with the circular hole 12 on the surface side overlapped with the attachment portion 7. A short cylindrical fitting portion 11a to be fitted into the hole 9 is projected. The seat plate 11 is formed with a plurality of through holes 13 that match the plurality of through holes 10 of the mounting portion 7.

上記の外歯歯車主部6において、外歯8の形成部分の内側にはウエーブベアリング14が配設されている。このウエーブベアリング14は、図2にも示すように、可撓性外輪15と、可撓性内輪16と、上記可撓性外輪15と可撓性内輪16との間に配列された複数個のボール17とから構成されている。そして、可撓性外輪15が外歯歯車主部6の内周に嵌め込まれている。   In the external gear main portion 6 described above, a wave bearing 14 is disposed inside a portion where the external teeth 8 are formed. As shown in FIG. 2, the wave bearing 14 includes a flexible outer ring 15, a flexible inner ring 16, and a plurality of arrays arranged between the flexible outer ring 15 and the flexible inner ring 16. And a ball 17. A flexible outer ring 15 is fitted on the inner periphery of the external gear main portion 6.

ウエーブベアリング14の内側、つまり可撓性内輪16の内周には、楕円形の剛性カム18が固着されている。この剛性カム18には、入力軸を連結するためのキー溝19付きの嵌合孔20が形成されている。なお、この嵌合孔20は、可撓性外歯歯車5の取付部7上に配設された座板11の円形孔12と同心になっている。
上記剛性カム18の可撓性内輪16への固着により、ウエーブベアリング14の可撓性内輪16および可撓性外輪15が楕円形に撓められる。更に、可撓性外輪15が楕円形に撓むことによって、外歯歯車主部6の外歯8形成部分が楕円形に撓められる。この結果、図2に示すように、外歯歯車主部6の楕円形撓み部分の長径方向両端部の2箇所において外歯8が部分的に剛性内歯歯車3の内歯2に噛み合うようになる。
An elliptical rigid cam 18 is fixed to the inside of the wave bearing 14, that is, the inner periphery of the flexible inner ring 16. The rigid cam 18 is formed with a fitting hole 20 with a keyway 19 for connecting the input shaft. The fitting hole 20 is concentric with the circular hole 12 of the seat plate 11 disposed on the mounting portion 7 of the flexible external gear 5.
As the rigid cam 18 is fixed to the flexible inner ring 16, the flexible inner ring 16 and the flexible outer ring 15 of the wave bearing 14 are bent into an elliptical shape. Furthermore, when the flexible outer ring 15 bends in an elliptical shape, a portion of the external gear main portion 6 where the external teeth 8 are formed is bent in an elliptical shape. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the external teeth 8 are partially engaged with the internal teeth 2 of the rigid internal gear 3 at two locations on both ends in the major axis direction of the elliptically bent portion of the external gear main portion 6. Become.

この構成において、剛性カム18が回転されると、可撓性外歯歯車5の外歯歯車主部6の楕円形に撓んだ部分の長径部分が円周方向に移動する。このため、外歯8の内歯2に対する噛み合い部分が円周方向に移動する。このとき、外歯8が内歯2よりも2枚少なく設定されているので、噛み合い位置の移動に伴って、剛性内歯歯車3と可撓性外歯歯車5との間で相対的な回転が発生する。このため、例えば、剛性内歯歯車3を固定しておけば、可撓性外歯歯車5が出力部となって当該可撓性外歯歯車5から減速回転を取り出すことができる。   In this configuration, when the rigid cam 18 is rotated, the major diameter portion of the outer gear main portion 6 of the flexible external gear 5 bent in an elliptical shape moves in the circumferential direction. For this reason, the meshing portion of the outer teeth 8 with the inner teeth 2 moves in the circumferential direction. At this time, since the external teeth 8 are set to be two fewer than the internal teeth 2, relative rotation between the rigid internal gear 3 and the flexible external gear 5 with the movement of the meshing position. Will occur. For this reason, for example, if the rigid internal gear 3 is fixed, the flexible external gear 5 can serve as an output portion, and the reduced rotation can be extracted from the flexible external gear 5.

さて、波動歯車減速装置1には、ウエーブベアリング14の可撓性外輪15に対する可撓性外歯歯車5の滑りを防止するための滑り止め手段が設けられる。この滑り止め手段につき、図3および図4を参照しながら説明する。即ち、ウエーブベアリング14の可撓性外輪15の外周表面に、可撓性外歯歯車5の取付部7側に向かって開放する被係合部としての溝21が形成されている。この溝21は、可撓性外輪15を外歯歯車主部6の内側に嵌め込むことにより、可撓性外輪15の取付部7側に向かって開放する差し込み孔となる。   The wave gear reduction device 1 is provided with anti-slip means for preventing the flexible external gear 5 from slipping with respect to the flexible outer ring 15 of the wave bearing 14. This anti-slip means will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, a groove 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the flexible outer ring 15 of the wave bearing 14 as an engaged portion that opens toward the mounting portion 7 side of the flexible external gear 5. This groove 21 becomes an insertion hole that opens toward the mounting portion 7 side of the flexible outer ring 15 by fitting the flexible outer ring 15 inside the external gear main portion 6.

この溝21に対し、外歯歯車主部6の内側には、滑り止め部材22が配設される。この滑り止め部材22は、通し孔23が形成された連結片(連結部)22aと、この連結片22aに対して直角に折り曲げられた可撓片(可撓部)22bを有し、全体としてL字状をなしている。この滑り止め部材22は、例えば板ばねから形成されていて、可撓性を有している。そして、可撓片22bの先端部に係合片(係合部)22cが形成されている。
このような滑り止め部材22は、外歯歯車主部6内の座板11上に、通し孔23を座板11の1個の通し孔13に合わせるようにして配設される。このとき、可撓片22bの先端の係合片22cは、可撓性外輪15の溝(差し込み孔)21内に挿入されて当該溝21に係合した状態になされる。
An anti-slip member 22 is disposed inside the external gear main portion 6 with respect to the groove 21. The anti-slip member 22 includes a connecting piece (connecting portion) 22a in which a through hole 23 is formed and a flexible piece (flexible portion) 22b bent at a right angle to the connecting piece 22a. It is L-shaped. The anti-slip member 22 is made of, for example, a leaf spring and has flexibility. And the engagement piece (engagement part) 22c is formed in the front-end | tip part of the flexible piece 22b.
Such an anti-slip member 22 is disposed on the seat plate 11 in the external gear main portion 6 so that the through hole 23 is aligned with one through hole 13 of the seat plate 11. At this time, the engagement piece 22 c at the tip of the flexible piece 22 b is inserted into the groove (insertion hole) 21 of the flexible outer ring 15 and engaged with the groove 21.

図5は上記構成の波動歯車減速装置1をロボット内に組み込んだ場合の一例を示す。この図5には、一つのアーム24と、このアーム24内に設けられた駆動機構25と、この駆動機構25によって旋回されるアーム(図示せず)を取り付けるための回転関節部材(相手部材)26が示されている。駆動機構25は、波動歯車減速装置1を主体とするもので、この駆動機構25の筒状の取り付けベース27の一端側に、上記の回転関節部材26がベアリング28を介して回転可能に支持されている。   FIG. 5 shows an example when the wave gear reduction device 1 having the above-described configuration is incorporated in a robot. In FIG. 5, one arm 24, a drive mechanism 25 provided in the arm 24, and a rotary joint member (a mating member) for attaching an arm (not shown) swung by the drive mechanism 25. 26 is shown. The drive mechanism 25 is mainly composed of the wave gear reduction device 1, and the rotary joint member 26 is rotatably supported via a bearing 28 on one end side of a cylindrical mounting base 27 of the drive mechanism 25. ing.

波動歯車減速装置1は、取り付けベース27内に収納され、剛性内歯歯車3が相手部材としての取り付けベース27の他端部に、通し孔4に通された複数本のボルト29によって固定されている。また、外歯歯車主部6においては、取付部7の座部7aおよび座板11が通し孔13および10に通された複数本のボルト31によって回転関節部材26に固定されている。このとき、座板11の嵌合部11aが取付部7の円形孔9に嵌合され、円形孔9から突出した嵌合部11aの先端部分が回転関節部材26に形成された円形孔30に嵌合されることにより、回転関節部材26の回転中心に対する可撓性外歯歯車5の同心性が高精度に確保される。   The wave gear reduction device 1 is housed in a mounting base 27, and the rigid internal gear 3 is fixed to the other end of the mounting base 27 as a counterpart member by a plurality of bolts 29 passed through the through holes 4. Yes. Further, in the external gear main portion 6, the seat portion 7 a and the seat plate 11 of the attachment portion 7 are fixed to the rotary joint member 26 by a plurality of bolts 31 passed through the through holes 13 and 10. At this time, the fitting portion 11 a of the seat plate 11 is fitted into the circular hole 9 of the mounting portion 7, and the tip portion of the fitting portion 11 a protruding from the circular hole 9 is formed in the circular hole 30 formed in the rotary joint member 26. By fitting, the concentricity of the flexible external gear 5 with respect to the rotation center of the rotary joint member 26 is ensured with high accuracy.

一方、滑り止め部材22は、係合片22cが可撓性外輪15の溝21内に差し込まれ、且つ連結片22aが通し孔23を座板11の1個の通し孔13に合わせるように配設され、取付部7および座板11を回転関節部材26に固定する際、その固定用のボルト31によって座板11上に固定される。これにより、滑り止め部材22が外歯歯車主部6の取付部7に連結された状態となる。   On the other hand, the anti-slip member 22 is arranged so that the engaging piece 22c is inserted into the groove 21 of the flexible outer ring 15 and the connecting piece 22a is aligned with the through hole 23 of the seat plate 11. When the mounting portion 7 and the seat plate 11 are fixed to the rotary joint member 26, they are fixed on the seat plate 11 by the fixing bolts 31. As a result, the anti-slip member 22 is connected to the mounting portion 7 of the external gear main portion 6.

上述のように波動歯車減速装置1を取り付けベース27に取り付けた状態において、座板11の円形孔12と剛性カム18の嵌合孔20とは同心の状態にある。そして、入力軸としての回転軸32が剛性カム18の嵌合孔20に挿通されてキー33によって剛性カム18と一体に回転するように結合されている。回転軸32の一端部は、座板11の円形孔12にベアリング34を介して回転自在に支持されている。この回転軸32の他端には、歯付きプーリ35が取り付けられ、この歯付きプーリ35はベルト伝動機構36によって図示しないモータに連結されている。   In the state where the wave gear reduction device 1 is attached to the attachment base 27 as described above, the circular hole 12 of the seat plate 11 and the fitting hole 20 of the rigid cam 18 are concentric. Then, a rotary shaft 32 as an input shaft is inserted into the fitting hole 20 of the rigid cam 18 and is coupled by the key 33 so as to rotate integrally with the rigid cam 18. One end of the rotating shaft 32 is rotatably supported by the circular hole 12 of the seat plate 11 via a bearing 34. A toothed pulley 35 is attached to the other end of the rotating shaft 32, and the toothed pulley 35 is connected to a motor (not shown) by a belt transmission mechanism 36.

したがって、モータが起動すると、そのモータの回転が回転軸32に伝達されて剛性カム18が回転する。これにより、上述したように、外歯8の内歯2に対する噛み合い部分が円周方向に移動するため、モータの回転が減速されて可撓性外歯歯車5に伝達され、回転関節部材26が回転、ひいては当該回転関節部材26に取り付けられたアームが旋回する。
このようにして波動歯車減速装置1によってモータの回転を減速して回転関節部材26に伝達する際、滑り止め部材22の係合片22cの先端部が外歯歯車主部6の溝21に係合しているので、外歯歯車主部6がウエーブベアリング14の可撓性外輪15に対して滑りを生ずることが防止される。
Therefore, when the motor is started, the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the rotating shaft 32 and the rigid cam 18 rotates. Thus, as described above, the meshing portion of the external teeth 8 with the internal teeth 2 moves in the circumferential direction, so that the rotation of the motor is decelerated and transmitted to the flexible external gear 5, and the rotary joint member 26 is The arm attached to the rotary joint member 26 is rotated.
In this way, when the wave gear reduction device 1 decelerates the rotation of the motor and transmits it to the rotary joint member 26, the tip of the engagement piece 22 c of the anti-slip member 22 engages with the groove 21 of the external gear main portion 6. Therefore, the external gear main portion 6 is prevented from slipping with respect to the flexible outer ring 15 of the wave bearing 14.

ところで、剛性カム18が回転するとき、楕円形に撓んだ状態にある外歯歯車主部6と可撓性外輪15の長径部分および短径部分は円周方向に移動する。このため、可撓性外輪15の溝21形成部分は、楕円の長径と短径との差分だけ径方向に移動する。しかしながら、滑り止め部材22の可撓片22bは、その可撓性により、溝21の形成部分が径方向に移動しても、この移動に追従して撓み、係合部22cの溝21に対する係合を維持する。したがって、剛性カム18の回転位置に関係なく、滑り止め部材22の滑り止め効果が発揮される。   By the way, when the rigid cam 18 rotates, the major part and the minor part of the external gear main part 6 and the flexible outer ring 15 that are bent in an elliptical shape move in the circumferential direction. For this reason, the groove 21 forming portion of the flexible outer ring 15 moves in the radial direction by a difference between the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse. However, the flexible piece 22b of the anti-slip member 22 bends following the movement even if the formation portion of the groove 21 moves in the radial direction due to its flexibility, and the engagement portion 22c is engaged with the groove 21. Keep the match. Therefore, the anti-slip effect of the anti-slip member 22 is exhibited regardless of the rotational position of the rigid cam 18.

一方、アームを旋回動作させるとき、モータの回転位置はロータリエンコーダ(回転センサ)によって検出され、その回転位置検出信号を制御装置にフィードバック信号してフィードバックする。このため、アームを原点位置から目標位置まで動作させるとき、モータの原点位置からの回転数は常に同一の回転数となる。そして、本実施形態では、可撓性外歯歯車5の外歯歯車主部6とウエーブベアリング14の可撓性外輪15との間の滑りが防止されているのであるから、アームを目標位置で停止させるべくモータが停止したときの外歯8の内歯2との噛み合う歯どうしは常に同じで、噛み合い高さ位置も常に同じとなる。   On the other hand, when the arm is turned, the rotational position of the motor is detected by a rotary encoder (rotation sensor), and the rotational position detection signal is fed back to the control device as a feedback signal. For this reason, when the arm is operated from the origin position to the target position, the rotation speed from the origin position of the motor is always the same. In this embodiment, since the slip between the external gear main portion 6 of the flexible external gear 5 and the flexible outer ring 15 of the wave bearing 14 is prevented, the arm is set at the target position. When the motor is stopped to stop, the teeth meshing with the inner teeth 2 of the outer teeth 8 are always the same, and the meshing height position is always the same.

このため、アームの旋回角度が動作の都度異なるといった不具合の発生を極力防止でき、その結果、アームが長く、また、ロボットが複数のアームを連結して構成されるという事情があっても、アーム先端に取り付けられたハンドの停止位置が動作の度に異なるといった不具合を極力防止でき、また停止位置が動作の度に異なったとしてもその誤差を程微小な誤差に抑えることができ、停止位置の再現性が高くすることができる。   For this reason, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of problems such as the turning angle of the arm being different for each operation, and as a result, even if the arm is long and the robot is configured by connecting multiple arms, It is possible to prevent problems such as the stop position of the hand attached to the tip being different for each movement as much as possible, and even if the stop position is different for each movement, the error can be suppressed to a very small error. Reproducibility can be increased.

しかも、滑り止め部材22はカップ型の外歯歯車主部6内に全部が収容可能であるから、波動歯車減速装置1全体の大型化を回避できる。特に、ロボットでは、内部に余剰の空間がないため、滑り止め手段を付加することによって波動歯車減速装置1が大型化することは極力避けたいという要求があるが、本実施形態によれば、この要求に対処することができるものである。   Moreover, since all of the anti-slip member 22 can be accommodated in the cup-shaped external gear main portion 6, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size of the entire wave gear reduction device 1. In particular, in a robot, since there is no excess space inside, there is a demand to avoid as much as possible the enlargement of the wave gear reduction device 1 by adding anti-slip means. It can deal with requests.

図6は本発明の他の実施形態を示すもので、上記一実施形態との相違は、可撓性外歯歯車の外歯歯車主部および滑り止め部材の形状にある。ここで、可撓性外歯歯車および滑り止め部材以外の各部材については、上記一実施形態で使用した符号と同一符号を用いることとして詳細な説明は省略する。
本実施形態の外歯歯車主部37は、一端部に外側に延びる環状の取付部38を有しており、可撓性外歯歯車39全体としてシルクハット型をなしている。そして、外歯歯車主部37の他端部外周に外歯40が形成されている。
取付部38の外周寄りの部分は肉厚な座部38aに形成され、この座部38aに回転関節部材26に固定するボルト31を通すための複数の通し孔41が形成されている。この取付部38上には、リング状の座板42が載置されるようになっており、この座板42にはボルト31を通すための複数の通し孔43が形成されている。
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the above-described embodiment is the shape of the external gear main portion and the anti-slip member of the flexible external gear. Here, about each member other than a flexible external gear and a non-slip | skid member, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted as using the code | symbol same as the code | symbol used in the said one Embodiment.
The external gear main portion 37 of the present embodiment has an annular mounting portion 38 extending outward at one end portion, and the flexible external gear 39 as a whole has a top hat shape. External teeth 40 are formed on the outer periphery of the other end portion of the external gear main portion 37.
A portion near the outer periphery of the attachment portion 38 is formed in a thick seat portion 38a, and a plurality of through holes 41 for passing bolts 31 fixed to the rotary joint member 26 are formed in the seat portion 38a. A ring-shaped seat plate 42 is placed on the mounting portion 38, and a plurality of through holes 43 through which the bolts 31 are passed are formed in the seat plate 42.

一方、滑り止め部材44は、例えば板ばね製で、外歯歯車主部37の取付部38に連結される連結片44aと、この連結片44aに対して直角に折り曲げられた可撓片44bと、この可撓片44bの先端部に形成された係合片44cを有したほぼL字状をなす。そして、連結片44aには、ボルトを通すための通し孔45が形成されている。
上記滑り止め部材44は、取付部38から外歯歯車主部37の内側にかけて配置され、取付部38を回転関節部材26に固定する際に、連結片44aを取付部38と回転関節部材26との間に挟み込んで通し孔45を取付部38の通し孔41に合わせ、且つ係合片44cの先端を溝21内に差し込んだ状態に配置され、この状態で、ボルト31によって締め付け固定される。なお、取付部38の座部38aには、回り止め部材44の連結片44aを嵌め込むための溝46が形成されている。
On the other hand, the anti-slip member 44 is made of, for example, a leaf spring and is connected to a mounting portion 38a of the external gear main portion 37, and a flexible piece 44b bent at a right angle with respect to the connecting piece 44a. , Having an engagement piece 44c formed at the tip of the flexible piece 44b. And the through-hole 45 for letting a volt | bolt pass is formed in the connection piece 44a.
The anti-slip member 44 is disposed from the attachment portion 38 to the inside of the external gear main portion 37, and when the attachment portion 38 is fixed to the rotary joint member 26, the connecting piece 44 a is connected to the attachment portion 38, the rotary joint member 26, and the like. And the through hole 45 is aligned with the through hole 41 of the mounting portion 38 and the tip of the engagement piece 44c is inserted into the groove 21. In this state, the through hole 45 is fastened and fixed by the bolt 31. A groove 46 for fitting the connecting piece 44 a of the rotation stopper member 44 is formed in the seat portion 38 a of the attachment portion 38.

このように構成しても上記一実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。ただ、本実施形態の場合には、滑り止め部材44は連結片44a部分が外歯歯車主部6から外部に出て取付部38に重ねられるが、連結片44aの厚さはそれ程厚くはないので、波動歯車減速装置1の大型化を極力回避することができる。   Even if comprised in this way, the effect similar to the said one Embodiment can be acquired. However, in the case of the present embodiment, the anti-slip member 44 has the connecting piece 44a portion outside the external gear main portion 6 and is superimposed on the mounting portion 38, but the thickness of the connecting piece 44a is not so thick. Therefore, the enlargement of the wave gear reduction device 1 can be avoided as much as possible.

なお、本発明は上記し且つ図面に示す実施形態に限定されるものではなく、以下のような拡張ないし変更が可能である。
可撓性外輪15に形成される被係合部は溝21に限られない。突起でも良く、この場合には、滑り止め部材の可撓部に形成する係合部は、突起に係合する孔或いは凹部とすれば良い。その他、被係合部と係合部の形状は種々考えられる。
内輪16は可撓性を有しなくとも良い。
内輪16はなくとも良い。
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above and shown in the drawings, and can be expanded or changed as follows.
The engaged portion formed in the flexible outer ring 15 is not limited to the groove 21. In this case, the engaging portion formed on the flexible portion of the anti-slip member may be a hole or a recess that engages with the protrusion. In addition, various shapes of the engaged portion and the engaging portion are conceivable.
The inner ring 16 may not have flexibility.
The inner ring 16 may not be provided.

本発明の一実施形態における波動歯車減速装置の断面図Sectional drawing of the wave gear reducer in one Embodiment of this invention 図1のA−A線に沿う断面図Sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. ウエーブベアリングの部分斜視図Partial perspective view of wave bearing 滑り止め部材の斜視図Perspective view of non-slip member ロボットへの波動歯車減速装置の組み付け状態を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the assembly | attachment state of the wave gear reduction device to a robot 本発明の他の実施形態を示す図5相当図FIG. 5 equivalent view showing another embodiment of the present invention

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

図面中、1は波動歯車減速装置、2は内歯、3は剛性内歯歯車、5は可撓性外歯歯車、6は外歯歯車主部、7は取付部、8は外歯、14はウエーブベアリング、15は可撓性外輪、16は可撓性内輪、18は剛性カム、21は溝(被係合部)、22は滑り止め部材、22aは連結片(連結部)、22bは可撓片(可撓部)、22cは係合片(係合部)、37は外歯歯車主部、38は取付部、44は滑り止め部材、44aは連結片(連結部)、44bは可撓片(可撓部)、44cは係合片(係合部)を示す。   In the drawings, 1 is a wave gear reduction device, 2 is an internal tooth, 3 is a rigid internal gear, 5 is a flexible external gear, 6 is an external gear main portion, 7 is an attachment portion, 8 is an external tooth, 14 Is a wave bearing, 15 is a flexible outer ring, 16 is a flexible inner ring, 18 is a rigid cam, 21 is a groove (engaged part), 22 is a non-slip member, 22a is a connecting piece (connecting part), and 22b is Flexible piece (flexible part), 22c is an engagement piece (engagement part), 37 is an external gear main part, 38 is an attachment part, 44 is a non-slip member, 44a is a connection piece (connection part), 44b is A flexible piece (flexible part), 44c shows an engagement piece (engagement part).

Claims (2)

ロボットアームの駆動機構に使用されるロボット用波動歯車減速装置であって、
内周面に内歯が形成された環状の剛性内歯歯車と、
前記剛性内歯歯車の内側に配置され、可撓性を有する外歯歯車主部の外周面に前記内歯に噛み合い可能な外歯が形成されると共に、前記外歯歯車主部の一端部に内側に延びる取付部が形成された可撓性外歯歯車と、
前記可撓性外歯歯車の内側に設けられ、少なくとも、前記可撓性外歯歯車の内周に嵌め込まれた可撓性外輪および前記可撓性外輪の内側に配設された複数個のボールを有したウエーブベアリングと、
前記ウエーブベアリングの内側に嵌め込まれ、前記可撓性外歯歯車を前記ウエーブベアリングを介して半径方向に撓ませることにより前記外歯を部分的に前記内歯に噛み合わせると共に、これらの噛み合わせ位置を円周方向に移動させる剛性カムと、
を備えたロボット用波動歯車減速装置において、
前記ウエーブベアリングの前記可撓性外輪に被係合部を形成し、
前記可撓性外歯歯車の前記外歯歯車主部の内側に、前記可撓性外歯歯車の前記外歯歯車主部の前記取付部に固定される連結部および前記可撓性外輪の前記被係合部に係合する係合部を形成した可撓部を有した滑り止め部材を配設し、
前記剛性カムの回転に伴う前記可撓性外輪の径方向への撓みに追従して前記可撓部が撓むことにより、前記剛性カムの回転中、前記滑り止め部材が前記被係合部に対する前記係合部の係合を維持して前記可撓性外輪に対する前記可撓性外歯歯車の滑り止めを行うことを特徴とするロボット用波動歯車減速装置。
A wave gear reduction device for a robot used for a drive mechanism of a robot arm,
An annular rigid internal gear with internal teeth formed on the inner peripheral surface;
External teeth that are arranged inside the rigid internal gear and that can mesh with the internal teeth are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the flexible external gear main portion, and at one end of the external gear main portion. A flexible external gear having a mounting portion extending inward;
A flexible outer ring provided inside the flexible external gear, at least fitted into an inner periphery of the flexible external gear, and a plurality of balls disposed inside the flexible outer gear A wave bearing with
The outer teeth are partially meshed with the inner teeth by being fitted inside the wave bearing, and the flexible external gear is bent in the radial direction via the wave bearing, and the meshing positions thereof. A rigid cam that moves the
In the wave gear reducer for robots with
Forming an engaged portion on the flexible outer ring of the wave bearing;
A coupling portion fixed to the mounting portion of the external gear main portion of the flexible external gear and the flexible outer ring inside the external gear main portion of the flexible external gear. An anti-slip member having a flexible portion formed with an engaging portion that engages with the engaged portion is disposed,
The flexible portion bends following the bending of the flexible outer ring in the radial direction accompanying the rotation of the rigid cam, so that the anti-slip member moves relative to the engaged portion during the rotation of the rigid cam. A wave gear reduction device for a robot, wherein the engagement of the engagement portion is maintained to prevent the flexible external gear from slipping with respect to the flexible outer ring.
ロボットアームの駆動機構に使用されるロボット用波動歯車減速装置であって、
内周面に内歯が形成された環状の剛性内歯歯車と、
前記剛性内歯歯車の内側に配置され、可撓性を有する外歯歯車主部の外周面に前記内歯に噛み合い可能な外歯が形成されると共に、前記外歯歯車主部の一端部に外側に延びる取付部が形成された可撓性外歯歯車と、
前記可撓性外歯歯車の内側に設けられ、少なくとも、前記可撓性外歯歯車の内周に嵌め込まれた可撓性外輪および前記可撓性外輪の内側に配設された複数個のボールを有したウエーブベアリングと、
前記ウエーブベアリングの内側に嵌め込まれ、前記可撓性外歯歯車を前記ウエーブベアリングを介して半径方向に撓ませることにより前記外歯を部分的に前記内歯に噛み合わせると共に、これらの噛み合わせ位置を円周方向に移動させる剛性カムと、
を備えたロボット用波動歯車減速装置において、
前記ウエーブベアリングの前記可撓性外輪に被係合部を形成し、
前記可撓性外歯歯車の前記取付部から前記外歯歯車主部の内側にかけて、前記可撓性外歯歯車の前記外歯歯車主部の前記取付部に固定される連結部および前記可撓性外輪の前記被係合部に係合する係合部を形成した可撓部を有した滑り止め部材を配設し、
前記剛性カムの回転に伴う前記可撓性外輪の径方向への撓みに追従して前記可撓部が撓むことにより、前記剛性カムの回転中、前記滑り止め部材が前記被係合部に対する前記係合部の係合を維持して前記可撓性外輪に対する前記可撓性外歯歯車の滑り止めを行うことを特徴とするロボット用波動歯車減速装置。
A wave gear reduction device for a robot used for a drive mechanism of a robot arm,
An annular rigid internal gear with internal teeth formed on the inner peripheral surface;
External teeth that are arranged inside the rigid internal gear and that can mesh with the internal teeth are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the flexible external gear main portion, and at one end of the external gear main portion. A flexible external gear having a mounting portion extending outward;
A flexible outer ring provided inside the flexible external gear, at least fitted into an inner periphery of the flexible external gear, and a plurality of balls disposed inside the flexible outer gear A wave bearing with
The outer teeth are partially meshed with the inner teeth by being fitted inside the wave bearing, and the flexible external gear is bent in the radial direction via the wave bearing, and the meshing positions thereof. A rigid cam that moves the
In the wave gear reducer for robots with
Forming an engaged portion on the flexible outer ring of the wave bearing;
A connecting portion fixed to the attachment portion of the external gear main portion of the flexible external gear and the flexible portion from the attachment portion of the flexible external gear to the inside of the external gear main portion. An anti-slip member having a flexible portion that forms an engaging portion that engages with the engaged portion of the outer ring,
The flexible portion bends following the bending of the flexible outer ring in the radial direction accompanying the rotation of the rigid cam, so that the anti-slip member moves relative to the engaged portion during the rotation of the rigid cam. A wave gear reduction device for a robot, wherein the engagement of the engagement portion is maintained to prevent the flexible external gear from slipping with respect to the flexible outer ring.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105605190A (en) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-25 日本电产新宝株式会社 Harmonic gear device
DE102015104308A1 (en) * 2015-03-23 2016-09-29 Harmonic Drive Ag Gearbox kit with an output bearing and a voltage wave gearbox which can be stored in it
WO2023071231A1 (en) * 2021-10-25 2023-05-04 美的集团股份有限公司 Harmonic gear device, manufacturing method for harmonic gear device, robot joint device, gear component for robot

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006015865A (en) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-19 Toyota Motor Corp Steering system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006015865A (en) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-19 Toyota Motor Corp Steering system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105605190A (en) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-25 日本电产新宝株式会社 Harmonic gear device
DE102015104308A1 (en) * 2015-03-23 2016-09-29 Harmonic Drive Ag Gearbox kit with an output bearing and a voltage wave gearbox which can be stored in it
US10876614B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2020-12-29 Harmonic Drive Ag Transmission component set having an output bearing and a harmonic drive transmission which can be mounted thereon
WO2023071231A1 (en) * 2021-10-25 2023-05-04 美的集团股份有限公司 Harmonic gear device, manufacturing method for harmonic gear device, robot joint device, gear component for robot

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