JP2010058069A - Catalyst for purification of exhaust gas for motorcycles - Google Patents
Catalyst for purification of exhaust gas for motorcycles Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 59
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- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Abstract
Description
本発明は、自動二輪車のエンジンから排出される排ガス中の成分を浄化するための自動二輪車用ガス浄化触媒に関する。 The present invention relates to a motorcycle gas purification catalyst for purifying components in exhaust gas discharged from an engine of a motorcycle.
自動車等の内燃機関から排出される排ガスには、一酸化炭素、炭化水素、窒素環化物等が含まれている。これらの排ガス成分は、人体に有害であるだけでなく、酸性雨等、地球環境破壊の原因にもなる。 The exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine such as an automobile contains carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen cyclized products, and the like. These exhaust gas components are not only harmful to the human body, but also cause global environmental destruction such as acid rain.
従来、自動二輪車に対する排ガス規制は自動車に対するものと比較して厳格なものではなかったが、各国の排ガスに対する規制は年々強化される傾向にあり、自動二輪車にも自動四輪車同様の厳しい基準が課せられつつある。 Conventionally, exhaust gas regulations for motorcycles were not stricter than those for automobiles, but regulations on exhaust gas in each country tend to be tightened year by year, and motorcycles have strict standards similar to those for automobiles. It is being imposed.
自動四輪車の分野では、排ガス成分を浄化する為の方法として種々の排ガス浄化用触媒が検討されている。代表的な排ガス浄化触媒として、三元触媒が知られている（特開２００４−１２４８５９号公報）。三元触媒は、白金、ロジウム、パラジウムなどの触媒貴金属をγ−アルミナ等の多孔質金属酸化物担体にコーティングしたものであり、窒素酸化物を窒素に還元し、炭化水素、一酸化炭素は酸化することで、効率的に排ガス成分を浄化することができる。 In the field of automobiles, various exhaust gas purification catalysts have been studied as methods for purifying exhaust gas components. A three-way catalyst is known as a typical exhaust gas purification catalyst (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-124859). A three-way catalyst is a catalyst in which a noble metal such as platinum, rhodium, or palladium is coated on a porous metal oxide carrier such as γ-alumina. Nitrogen oxide is reduced to nitrogen, and hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are oxidized. By doing so, exhaust gas components can be purified efficiently.
内燃機関において、空気（Ａ）と燃料（Ｆ）が過不足なく反応し、且つ空気中の酸素が余らないような空燃比（Ａ／Ｆ）は１４．７であり、この値を理論空燃比（ストイキ）という。三元触媒が効率的に上記還元・酸化反応を行うため空燃比は、理論空燃比前後の一定範囲（浄化ウィンドウ）内にあることが重要である。一方で、触媒貴金属としてパラジウムを主体とした触媒は、理論空燃比（ストイキ）（Ａ／Ｆ＝１４．７）からリーン（Ａ／Ｆ＝１４．７以上）では排ガス浄化用三元触媒として優れた浄化性能を示すものの、リッチ雰囲気では、触媒貴金属としてロジウムや白金を主体とした触媒に比べてＣＯ浄化性能が著しく劣る特徴がある。そのため、通常、空燃比がリッチ雰囲気に制御されることが多い自動二輪車では、パラジウムを主体とした触媒は、浄化性能、中でもＣＯ浄化性能の面で不十分であった。 In an internal combustion engine, the air-fuel ratio (A / F) at which air (A) and fuel (F) react without excess and deficiency and oxygen in the air does not remain is 14.7, which is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. (Stoichi). In order for the three-way catalyst to efficiently perform the above reduction / oxidation reaction, it is important that the air-fuel ratio is within a certain range (purification window) around the theoretical air-fuel ratio. On the other hand, a catalyst mainly composed of palladium as a catalyst noble metal is excellent as a three-way catalyst for exhaust gas purification from the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (Stoichi) (A / F = 14.7) to lean (A / F = 14.7 or more). However, in a rich atmosphere, the CO purification performance is significantly inferior to a catalyst mainly composed of rhodium or platinum as a precious metal for the catalyst. Therefore, in a motorcycle in which the air-fuel ratio is often controlled in a rich atmosphere, a catalyst mainly composed of palladium is insufficient in terms of purification performance, particularly CO purification performance.
しかしながら、リッチ雰囲気でも優れたＣＯ浄化性能を有するロジウムは、流通量が少ないなどの理由から、使用量低減が近年提唱されている。 However, rhodium, which has excellent CO purification performance even in a rich atmosphere, has recently been proposed to reduce the amount used due to the small amount of circulation.
従って、本発明は、ＣＯなどの排ガス浄化性能を従来と同程度又はそれ以上で維持しつつ、ロジウムの使用量を低減した自動二輪車用排ガス浄化触媒を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a motorcycle exhaust gas purification catalyst that reduces the amount of rhodium used while maintaining the exhaust gas purification performance of CO or the like at the same level or higher.
即ち、本発明は、以下の発明を包含する。
［１］複数のセル通路をもつハニカム形状の担体基材と、当該担体基材のセル通路内に形成された触媒コート層と、から成る排ガス浄化触媒であって、担体基材が前段部と後段部に分かれており、触媒貴金属として、前段部の触媒コート層にパラジウム及びロジウム、そして後段部の触媒コート層にロジウムが担持されており、前段部のパラジウム担持量が後段部のものよりも多い、自動二輪車用排ガス浄化触媒。
［２］前記前段部の触媒コート層に担持されているパラジウムが前記担体基材１Ｌ当たり１．０〜１０．０ｇ、ロジウムが０．０５〜５．０ｇであり、且つ後段部の触媒コート層に担持されているロジウムが前記担体基材１Ｌ当たり０．０５〜５．０ｇである、［１］の自動二輪車用排ガス浄化触媒。
［３］２つの前記担体基材がそれぞれ前段部及び後段部として外筒内に配置されている、［１］又は［２］の自動二輪車用排ガス浄化触媒。
［４］後段部の触媒コート層にパラジウムが担持されていない、［１］〜［３］のいずれかの自動二輪車用排ガス浄化触媒。
That is, the present invention includes the following inventions.
[1] An exhaust gas purification catalyst comprising a honeycomb-shaped carrier base material having a plurality of cell passages, and a catalyst coat layer formed in the cell passages of the carrier base material, wherein the carrier base material comprises It is divided into the rear stage, and as catalyst noble metal, palladium and rhodium are supported on the catalyst coat layer of the front stage, and rhodium is supported on the catalyst coat layer of the rear stage. Many exhaust gas purification catalysts for motorcycles.
[2] Palladium supported on the catalyst coat layer at the front stage is 1.0 to 10.0 g per 1 L of the carrier base material, 0.05 to 5.0 g of rhodium, and the catalyst coat layer at the rear stage. The exhaust gas purification catalyst for motorcycles according to [1], wherein the rhodium supported on the catalyst is 0.05 to 5.0 g per liter of the carrier base material.
[3] The motorcycle exhaust gas purification catalyst according to [1] or [2], wherein the two carrier base materials are disposed in the outer cylinder as a front stage part and a rear stage part, respectively.
[4] The exhaust gas purification catalyst for a motorcycle according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein palladium is not supported on the catalyst coat layer at the rear stage.
本発明の排ガス浄化触媒によれば、担体基材上に形成された触媒コート層の前段部にパラジウムを高担持することで、ＣＯ浄化性能が向上した触媒が提供される。また、本発明は、パラジウムを前段部に高担持しているものの、高価な白金、ロジウムの担持量を増大させることなく浄化性能の向上が達成できる点で従来の触媒よりも費用対効果に優れている。 According to the exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention, a catalyst having improved CO purification performance is provided by highly supporting palladium on the front stage portion of the catalyst coat layer formed on the carrier substrate. In addition, although the present invention is highly loaded with palladium in the front stage, it is more cost-effective than conventional catalysts in that it can achieve an improvement in purification performance without increasing the amount of expensive platinum and rhodium supported. ing.
理論に拘束されることを意図するものではないが、かかるＣＯ浄化性能の向上は、パラジウムの浄化ウィンドウに合致した条件が前段部で得られたことに起因するものと考えられる。例えば、前段部に高担持されたパラジウムが、触媒反応温度を早期に上昇させて触媒反応を促進し、最終的に後段部に担持されたロジウムによりＣＯが浄化されるというメカニズムが予想される。いずれにしても、後段部と比較して空気量が多く、高温の入りガスに曝されている前段部は、パラジウムがＣＯを酸化するのに必要な酸素及び反応熱が容易に得られるため、リッチ雰囲気での浄化ウィンドウが狭いパラジウムの配置として最適であると考えられる。 While not intending to be bound by theory, it is believed that such an improvement in CO purification performance is attributed to the fact that conditions that match the palladium purification window were obtained at the front stage. For example, a mechanism in which palladium that is highly supported in the front stage part raises the catalytic reaction temperature early to promote the catalytic reaction, and is finally purified by rhodium supported in the rear part. In any case, since the front part exposed to the high-temperature inlet gas has a larger amount of air than the rear part, oxygen and reaction heat necessary for palladium to oxidize CO can be easily obtained. It is considered that the purification window in a rich atmosphere is optimal as a narrow palladium arrangement.
尚、従来自動車用排ガス浄化触媒として、白金／ロジウム、白金／パラジウム／ロジウム、パラジウム／ロジウムというように触媒貴金属を組み合わせた触媒、１つの担体基材の触媒コート層の基材から見て、下層のコート層にパラジウム／ロジウム又は白金／パラジウムを、上層にロジウムを配置する触媒等が知られている。しかしながら、自動二輪車の場合、排ガス温度が低い等の問題があり、自動四輪車用排ガス触媒を自動二輪車用にそのまま転用することはできない。 In addition, as a conventional exhaust gas purifying catalyst for automobiles, a catalyst combining a noble metal such as platinum / rhodium, platinum / palladium / rhodium, palladium / rhodium, and a lower layer as viewed from the substrate of the catalyst coating layer of one carrier There are known catalysts and the like in which palladium / rhodium or platinum / palladium is disposed in the coating layer, and rhodium is disposed in the upper layer. However, in the case of a motorcycle, there are problems such as a low exhaust gas temperature, and an exhaust gas catalyst for a motorcycle cannot be used as it is for a motorcycle.
自動四輪車用触媒では、空燃比がストイキ（Ａ／Ｆ＝１４．７）付近で制御される触媒システムとなっており、その近辺において触媒が最適に排ガス浄化機能を発揮する材料で構成されたコート材と貴金属から成る触媒設計となっている。従って、自動二輪車のように、Ａ／Ｆがリッチ〜ストイキで制御される場合が多いシステムでは、従来の自動四輪車用触媒の排ガス浄化機能を発揮できないため、自動二輪車に最適な触媒が必要とされる。 The catalyst for automobiles is a catalyst system in which the air-fuel ratio is controlled in the vicinity of stoichiometric (A / F = 14.7), and the catalyst is made of a material that optimally performs an exhaust gas purification function in the vicinity thereof. The catalyst design consists of a coating material and a precious metal. Therefore, in systems such as motorcycles where the A / F is often controlled in a rich to stoichiometric manner, the exhaust gas purification function of the conventional catalyst for motorcycles cannot be exhibited, so an optimum catalyst for motorcycles is required. It is said.
本発明は、複数のセル通路をもつハニカム形状の担体基材と、当該担体基材のセル通路内に形成された触媒コート層と、から成る排ガス浄化触媒であって、担体基材が前段部と後段部に分かれており、触媒貴金属として、前段部の触媒コート層にパラジウム及びロジウム、そして後段部の触媒コート層にロジウムが担持されており、前段部のパラジウム担持量が後段部のものよりも多い、自動二輪車用排ガス浄化触媒、を提供する。 The present invention is an exhaust gas purification catalyst comprising a honeycomb-shaped carrier substrate having a plurality of cell passages, and a catalyst coat layer formed in the cell passages of the carrier substrate. As the catalyst noble metal, palladium and rhodium are supported on the catalyst coat layer of the front stage, and rhodium is supported on the catalyst coat layer of the rear stage, and the amount of palladium supported on the front stage is higher than that of the rear stage. An exhaust gas purification catalyst for motorcycles is also provided.
図１に、本発明の自動二輪車用排ガス浄化触媒の模式図を示す。図１から明らかなように、本発明は、触媒の前段部の担体基材にパラジウム及びロジウムが担持され、そして後段部の担体基材にロジウムが担持されているという、触媒貴金属が塗り分けられた構成を有している。 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas purification catalyst for a motorcycle according to the present invention. As is apparent from FIG. 1, the present invention is applied with a precious metal catalyst in which palladium and rhodium are supported on the support substrate in the front stage of the catalyst and rhodium is supported on the support base material in the rear stage. It has a configuration.
本発明の触媒で使用するハニカム形状の担体基材は、金属箔からなる波板と平板を重ねてロール状に巻き回すことで多数の貫通孔を有する形状に成形したものを使用することができる。別の態様として、多数の貫通孔（セル）を有する形状となるようにコージェライトなどの耐熱性セラミックスを成形した基材を使用してもよい。本明細書においては、材質の如何を問わず、多数の貫通孔を有する担体基材を便宜的に「ハニカム体」と総称する。尚、耐熱性セラミックス等を原材料としたものと区別するために、金属箔から成るハニカム体をメタルハニカム体と称することもある。 The honeycomb-shaped carrier substrate used in the catalyst of the present invention can be formed into a shape having a large number of through holes by overlapping corrugated plates and flat plates made of metal foil and winding them in a roll shape. . As another aspect, a base material in which a heat-resistant ceramic such as cordierite is formed so as to have a shape having a large number of through holes (cells) may be used. In this specification, regardless of the material, the carrier base material having a large number of through holes is generically referred to as a “honeycomb body” for convenience. Note that a honeycomb body made of a metal foil is sometimes referred to as a metal honeycomb body in order to distinguish it from those made from heat-resistant ceramics or the like.
メタルハニカム体を構成する金属箔は、自動二輪車用排ガス触媒の基材として使用される一般的な金属製の平箔、波箔を意味する。金属箔の材質は、特に限定しないが、熱容量が低く、且つ耐熱性、耐圧性等に優れているもの、例えばステンレス鋼、耐熱鋼が好ましい。ステンレス鋼の例としては、フェライト系ステンレス、オーステナイト系ステンレス等の鋼材があり、本発明においてはこれらを箔状に圧延して用いることができる。 The metal foil constituting the metal honeycomb body means a general metal flat foil or corrugated foil used as a base material for an exhaust gas catalyst for a motorcycle. The material of the metal foil is not particularly limited, but is preferably a material having a low heat capacity and excellent heat resistance, pressure resistance, etc., such as stainless steel and heat resistant steel. Examples of stainless steel include steel materials such as ferritic stainless steel and austenitic stainless steel. In the present invention, these can be rolled into a foil shape and used.
１つの態様において、金属製の外筒内に一定の間隔を空けて２つのハニカム体を入りガス側と出ガス側に並べて配置することができる。この場合、入りガス側に配置されたものを前段部、出ガス側に配置されたものを後段部とする。このように前段部のハニカム体と後段部のハニカム体との間に一定の空間が存在することにより、ＣＯ浄化性能の向上だけでなく、排ガス流の乱流効果による全体的な排ガス浄化性能の向上も期待できる。別の態様として、前段部のハニカム体と後段部のハニカム体の間に、１又は複数の追加のハニカム体を介在させてもよい。ハニカム体を挿入する外筒の例として、ＳＵＳ４３６等のステンレス製の円柱状の外筒が考えられる。外筒の代わりに、エキゾーストパイプ又はマフラー内にハニカム体を直接挿入してもよい。ハニカム体と、外筒、あるいはエキゾーストパイプ又はマフラーとは、周囲にニッケルロウ材が塗布されたハニカム体を外筒等の中に挿入し、これを高温で処理することにより互いに接合させることができる。 In one aspect, two honeycomb bodies can be arranged side by side on the inlet gas side and the outlet gas side at regular intervals in a metal outer cylinder. In this case, what is arranged on the inlet gas side is a front part and what is arranged on the outlet gas side is a rear part. Thus, the presence of a certain space between the front-stage honeycomb body and the rear-stage honeycomb body improves not only the CO purification performance but also the overall exhaust gas purification performance due to the turbulent effect of the exhaust gas flow. Improvements can also be expected. As another aspect, one or a plurality of additional honeycomb bodies may be interposed between the honeycomb body in the front stage part and the honeycomb body in the rear stage part. As an example of the outer cylinder into which the honeycomb body is inserted, a cylindrical outer cylinder made of stainless steel such as SUS436 can be considered. Instead of the outer cylinder, the honeycomb body may be directly inserted into the exhaust pipe or the muffler. The honeycomb body and the outer cylinder, or the exhaust pipe or the muffler can be joined to each other by inserting a honeycomb body coated with a nickel brazing material around the outer cylinder and processing it at a high temperature. .
担体基材の更に別の態様として、入りガス側から出ガス側まで一続きの、単一の担体基材を使用してもよい。この単一の担体基材においては、入りガス側の部分が前段部、そして出ガス側の部分が後段部として分けられ、これらの部分の各触媒コート層にそれぞれ異なる量又は種類の貴金属が塗り分けられる。このような構成を採用することで、触媒配置容積や、前段部に担持させたロジウムによる触媒着火性をより有効に活用することができる。このような単一のハニカム体を使用する場合、前段部及び後段部とは、特に断らない限り、それぞれ、単一の担体基材上の触媒コート層における入りガス側から横軸方向の中央部まで、そして当該中央部から出ガス側までを指す。 As still another embodiment of the carrier substrate, a single carrier substrate that is continuous from the inlet gas side to the outlet gas side may be used. In this single carrier substrate, the portion on the inlet gas side is divided into the front portion and the portion on the outlet gas side is divided into the rear portion, and different amounts or types of precious metals are applied to the respective catalyst coat layers of these portions. Divided. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to more effectively utilize the catalyst arrangement volume and the catalyst ignitability by rhodium supported on the front stage. When using such a single honeycomb body, unless otherwise specified, the front stage part and the rear stage part are respectively the central part in the horizontal axis direction from the inlet gas side in the catalyst coat layer on the single carrier substrate. And from the center to the outgas side.
前記前段部及び後段部の長さは、限定しないが、触媒の全長に対し、好ましくは２０〜８０％の比率、より好ましくは５０％の比率を占めるようにそれぞれ調節することもできる。外筒内に複数のハニカム体を配置する場合、排ガスの乱流効果による触媒性能の向上の観点から、触媒の全長に対し合計１０〜２０％程度の隙間が設けられる。 The lengths of the front stage part and the rear stage part are not limited, but may be adjusted so as to occupy a ratio of preferably 20 to 80%, more preferably 50% of the total length of the catalyst. When a plurality of honeycomb bodies are arranged in the outer cylinder, a total of about 10 to 20% of gaps are provided with respect to the total length of the catalyst from the viewpoint of improving the catalyst performance due to the turbulent flow effect of the exhaust gas.
本発明の排ガス浄化用触媒は、上記ハニカム体のセル通路に、触媒貴金属等をコーティングするための触媒コート層が配置されている。本発明における触媒コート層は、従来使用されている方法、例えば含浸法、ウォッシュコート法などにより、上述の多孔質酸化物担体に触媒貴金属を担持させることでセル通路内に形成することができる。用途によっては、当該触媒コート層は、その他の触媒金属、あるいはアルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属などのＮＯｘ吸蔵材を含んでもよい。尚、当該触媒コート層は単層に限定されず、複数の層で構成することもできる。また、その厚さは特に限定されない。 In the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention, a catalyst coat layer for coating a catalyst noble metal or the like is disposed in the cell passage of the honeycomb body. The catalyst coat layer in the present invention can be formed in the cell passage by supporting the catalyst noble metal on the porous oxide support described above by a conventionally used method such as an impregnation method or a wash coat method. Depending on the application, the catalyst coat layer may include other catalyst metals or NOx occlusion materials such as alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. The catalyst coat layer is not limited to a single layer, and may be composed of a plurality of layers. Moreover, the thickness is not specifically limited.
本発明の自動二輪車用排ガス触媒は、触媒貴金属として、前段部の触媒コート層にパラジウム及びロジウムを担持し、且つ後段部の触媒コート層にロジウムを担持している。特に、本発明はパラジウムが前段部に高担持されていることを特徴とする。前記前段部の触媒コート層に担持されているパラジウムは、前記担体基材１Ｌ当たり１．０〜１０．０ｇ、好ましくは２．０〜８．０ｇ、より好ましくは２．５〜６．０ｇである。前記前段部の触媒コート層に担持されているロジウムは、前記担体基材１Ｌ当たり０．０５〜５．０ｇ、好ましくは０．１〜２．０ｇ、より好ましくは０．１５〜１．５ｇである。前段部の触媒コート層は、他の触媒貴金属、例えば白金を含んでもよい。 The exhaust gas catalyst for a motorcycle according to the present invention carries palladium and rhodium as a catalyst noble metal on the front catalyst coat layer and rhodium on the catalyst coat layer in the rear stage. In particular, the present invention is characterized in that palladium is highly supported on the front stage. The palladium supported on the catalyst coating layer in the front stage is 1.0 to 10.0 g, preferably 2.0 to 8.0 g, more preferably 2.5 to 6.0 g, per liter of the carrier base material. is there. The rhodium supported on the catalyst coat layer in the front stage is 0.05 to 5.0 g, preferably 0.1 to 2.0 g, more preferably 0.15 to 1.5 g, per liter of the carrier base material. is there. The catalyst coat layer in the front stage may contain another catalyst noble metal, such as platinum.
後段部の触媒コート層に担持されているロジウムは、前記担体基材１Ｌ当たり０．０５〜５．０ｇ、好ましくは０．１〜３．０ｇ、より好ましくは０．１５〜１．５ｇである。ここで、後段部の触媒コート層には、他の触媒貴金属、例えば白金を担持してもよい。しかしながら、ＣＯ浄化性能を向上させる観点からは、後段部の触媒コート層にはパラジウムが担持されていないことが好ましい。 The rhodium supported on the catalyst coat layer at the rear stage is 0.05 to 5.0 g, preferably 0.1 to 3.0 g, more preferably 0.15 to 1.5 g, per liter of the carrier base material. . Here, another catalyst noble metal, for example, platinum may be supported on the catalyst coat layer in the rear stage. However, from the viewpoint of improving the CO purification performance, it is preferable that palladium is not supported on the catalyst coat layer at the rear stage.
本発明の触媒は、以下の方法により調製することができる。最初に、アルミニウム酸化物、セリウム酸化物、ジルコニア酸化物（各種添加材を含むセリア・ジルコニア複合酸化物）、ランタン化合物、バリウム化合物を溶解させたスラリーを用いて担体基材全体をコートし、その後所望のパラジウム塩及び／又はロジウム塩を溶解した薬液を用い前段部にパラジウム及びロジウムを担持させる。その後、ロジウム塩を溶解した薬液を用い後段部にロジウムを担持させる。しかしながら、これらの方法に限定されない。 The catalyst of the present invention can be prepared by the following method. First, the entire support substrate is coated with a slurry in which aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconia oxide (ceria / zirconia composite oxide including various additives), lanthanum compound, and barium compound are dissolved, and then Using a chemical solution in which a desired palladium salt and / or rhodium salt is dissolved, palladium and rhodium are supported on the front stage. Thereafter, rhodium is supported on the rear stage using a chemical solution in which the rhodium salt is dissolved. However, it is not limited to these methods.
上述のように調製した本発明の排ガス浄化触媒は、エキゾーストパイプ又はマフラー内に１又は複数個配置することができる。 One or more exhaust gas purifying catalysts of the present invention prepared as described above can be arranged in an exhaust pipe or a muffler.
以下の実施例を用いて、本発明を更に具体的に説明する。尚、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
前段部のパラジウム担持量の検討
（実施例１）
メタルハニカム体は、フェライト系ステンレスにアルミナを添加した特殊鋼材の波板と平板を交互に巻き込むことで成形した。このメタルハニカム体を、ＳＵＳ４３６相当の外筒に２つ挿入することで、タンデム型のメタルハニカム担体を調製した。アルミニウム酸化物、セリウム酸化物、ジルコニア酸化物（各種添加材を含むセリア・ジルコニア複合酸化物）、ランタン化合物、バリウム化合物を混合して調製したスラリーを用いて前記担体をコーティングし、電気炉で焼成した後、所定の量のパラジウム塩／ロジウム塩を溶解した薬液を前段部に担持させた。そして、後段部に所定の量のロジウム塩を溶解した薬液を担持することでタンデム型排ガス浄化触媒を調製した。最終的な担持量は、前段部のパラジウムが１ｇ／Ｌ、ロジウムが０．３ｇ／Ｌ、そして後段部のロジウムが０．６ｇ／Ｌとなった。
Examination of the amount of palladium supported in the front stage (Example 1)
The metal honeycomb body was formed by alternately winding corrugated plates and flat plates made of special steel obtained by adding alumina to ferritic stainless steel. A tandem type metal honeycomb carrier was prepared by inserting two of these metal honeycomb bodies into an outer cylinder equivalent to SUS436. The carrier is coated with a slurry prepared by mixing aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconia oxide (ceria / zirconia composite oxide including various additives), lanthanum compound, and barium compound, and fired in an electric furnace. After that, a chemical solution in which a predetermined amount of palladium salt / rhodium salt was dissolved was supported on the front part. And the tandem type | mold exhaust gas purification catalyst was prepared by carrying | supporting the chemical | medical solution which melt | dissolved the predetermined amount rhodium salt in the back | latter stage part. The final loading amount was 1 g / L for palladium in the front stage, 0.3 g / L for rhodium, and 0.6 g / L for rhodium in the rear stage.
（実施例２）
前段部のパラジウム担持量を５ｇ／Ｌに変更した点を除き、実施例１と同様の手順によりタンデム型排ガス浄化触媒を調製した。
(Example 2)
A tandem exhaust gas purification catalyst was prepared by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the amount of palladium supported in the front stage was changed to 5 g / L.
（実施例３）
前段部のパラジウム担持量を１０ｇ／Ｌに変更した点を除き、実施例１と同様の手順によりタンデム型排ガス浄化触媒を調製した。
(Example 3)
A tandem exhaust gas purification catalyst was prepared by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the amount of palladium supported in the front stage was changed to 10 g / L.
（比較例１）
実施例１と同様の手順によりタンデム型のメタルハニカム担体にコート層を形成した後、前段部と後段部に所定の量の白金塩、パラジウム塩、及びロジウム塩を溶解した薬液を担持することでタンデム型排ガス浄化触媒を調製した。最終的な担持量は、前段部及び後段部ともに白金が２ｇ／Ｌ、パラジウムが５ｇ／Ｌ、ロジウムが０．３ｇ／Ｌとなった。
(Comparative Example 1)
After a coat layer is formed on a tandem type metal honeycomb carrier by the same procedure as in Example 1, a predetermined amount of a chemical solution in which a platinum salt, a palladium salt, and a rhodium salt are dissolved is supported on the front and rear stages. A tandem exhaust gas purification catalyst was prepared. The final loading amounts were 2 g / L for platinum, 5 g / L for palladium, and 0.3 g / L for rhodium in both the front and rear stages.
上記触媒における貴金属の担持量を以下の表１にまとめる。
後段部のロジウム担持量の検討
（実施例４）
前段部のパラジウム担持量を５ｇ／Ｌ、そして後段部のロジウム量を０．１ｇ／Ｌに変更した点を除き、実施例１と同様の手順によりタンデム型排ガス浄化触媒を調製した。
Examination of the amount of rhodium supported in the rear stage (Example 4)
A tandem exhaust gas purification catalyst was prepared by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the amount of palladium supported in the front stage was changed to 5 g / L and the amount of rhodium in the rear stage was changed to 0.1 g / L.
（実施例５）
前段部のパラジウム担持量を５ｇ／Ｌ、そして後段部のロジウム量を３ｇ／Ｌに変更した点を除き、実施例１と同様の手順によりタンデム型排ガス浄化触媒を調製した。
(Example 5)
A tandem exhaust gas purification catalyst was prepared by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the amount of palladium supported in the front stage was changed to 5 g / L and the amount of rhodium in the rear stage was changed to 3 g / L.
上記触媒における貴金属の担持量を、実施例２及び比較例１の触媒のものと共に以下の表２にまとめる。
（ＣＯ浄化試験）
上記排ガス浄化触媒のＣＯ浄化能について検討する。ＣＯ浄化試験は、中型二輪車両（４ｓｔ、７５０ｃｃ、スポーツタイプ、空燃比１３．４〜１４．５）で実施した。評価モードはEU3mode (EU120P3)を使用した。結果を図２及び３に示す。
(CO purification test)
The CO purification ability of the exhaust gas purification catalyst will be examined. The CO purification test was conducted on medium-sized two-wheeled vehicles (4st, 750 cc, sports type, air-fuel ratio 13.4 to 14.5). EU3mode (EU120P3) was used as the evaluation mode. The results are shown in FIGS.
図２及び３の結果から分かるように、実施例１〜３及び５の排ガス浄化触媒はいずれもＣＯ排出量が有意に軽減した。実施例４の触媒は、後段のロジウム担持量を極度に減少させ、且つ白金を使用していないにも拘わらず、ＣＯ排出量が比較例１と同程度に維持された。特に、実施例３、実施例５の触媒は、それぞれ、比較例１のものと比較して２割、４割程度ＣＯ排出量が軽減した。 As can be seen from the results of FIGS. 2 and 3, the exhaust gas purification catalysts of Examples 1 to 3 and 5 all significantly reduced the CO emission amount. In the catalyst of Example 4, the amount of rhodium supported in the latter stage was extremely reduced, and the CO emission amount was maintained at the same level as in Comparative Example 1 even though platinum was not used. In particular, in the catalysts of Examples 3 and 5, the CO emissions were reduced by about 20% and 40%, respectively, compared with those of Comparative Example 1.
本発明の排ガス浄化触媒によれば、パラジウムを前段部に高担持させることで、触媒耐久後のリッチ制御雰囲気でのＣＯ浄化性能が向上する。本発明の排ガス浄化触媒は、低い排ガス温度でも機能するため、自動車と比較して排ガス温度が低い自動二輪車の内燃機関用の排ガス浄化触媒として好適である。 According to the exhaust gas purifying catalyst of the present invention, the palladium purification performance is improved in the rich control atmosphere after the endurance of the catalyst by highly supporting palladium on the front stage. Since the exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention functions even at a low exhaust gas temperature, it is suitable as an exhaust gas purification catalyst for an internal combustion engine of a motorcycle whose exhaust gas temperature is lower than that of an automobile.
１ 排ガス浄化触媒
２ 前段部
３ 後段部
1 Exhaust
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| CN115111032A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-09-27 | 湖北航特科技有限责任公司 | Single-stage double-core tail gas purification catalyst and preparation method thereof |
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| JP7226943B2 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2023-02-21 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification catalyst |
| CN110748429A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2020-02-04 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Control strategy for an engine |
| CN110748429B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2022-09-09 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Control strategy for an engine |
| WO2022131244A1 (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-23 | エヌ・イーケムキャット株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification catalyst for saddle riding-type vehicle |
| CN116322946A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-06-23 | N.E.化学株式会社 | Exhaust gas purifying catalyst for saddle-ride type vehicle |
| CN115111032A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-09-27 | 湖北航特科技有限责任公司 | Single-stage double-core tail gas purification catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN115111032B (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2024-02-20 | 湖北航特科技有限责任公司 | Single-stage double-core tail gas purifying catalyst and preparation method thereof |
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