JP2009266707A - Method for manufacturing electrical contact - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing electrical contact Download PDF

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JP2009266707A
JP2009266707A JP2008116636A JP2008116636A JP2009266707A JP 2009266707 A JP2009266707 A JP 2009266707A JP 2008116636 A JP2008116636 A JP 2008116636A JP 2008116636 A JP2008116636 A JP 2008116636A JP 2009266707 A JP2009266707 A JP 2009266707A
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contact
base metal
plating
metal
base
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JP4905410B2 (en
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Shinji Tada
慎司 多田
Seiji Imamura
清治 今村
Yuichi Yamamoto
祐一 山本
Eiji Sakata
英治 阪田
Mamoru Akimoto
守 秋元
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Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing an electrical contact which includes high stability of bonding strength between a contact and a wig rest and includes a beautiful bonded surface. <P>SOLUTION: Using the wig rest formed with a material selected from Cu and Cu alloy, and the contact formed with a material selected from materials based on Ag, Ag oxides, W and Cd, at least one interlayer metal selected from brazing filler metals, plated layers, Ag or Ag alloy sheets is made to exist between the contact 3 and the wig rest 1 and is pushed into the wig rest 1 while rotating a rotary tool 22, solid state diffusion welding or solid solution diffusion welding of the contact 3 and the wig rest 1 is carried out via the interlayer metal by frictional heat between the rotary tool 22 and the wig rest 1, and the rotary tool 22 is then backed off from the wig rest 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、例えば、電磁開閉器や電磁接触器、回路遮断器に用いられる、電気接触子の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrical contact used in, for example, an electromagnetic switch, an electromagnetic contactor, and a circuit breaker.

例えば、電磁開閉器や電磁接触器等の電気接触子は、可動側接点と固定側接点とが接離して、電気回路が開閉することにより、電気的接続のON,OFF動作がなされるようになっている。これらの各接点は、所定形状をなした可動側台金及び固定側台金にそれぞれ接合されて、支持されている。   For example, an electrical contact such as an electromagnetic switch or an electromagnetic contactor is configured so that the electrical connection is turned on and off by opening and closing the electrical circuit when the movable contact and the stationary contact are contacted and separated. It has become. Each of these contacts is joined to and supported by a movable base metal and a fixed base metal each having a predetermined shape.

従来、台金と接点とを接合させる方法としては、機械的な接合方法と溶接とが用いられている。機械的な接合方法としては、例えば、かしめ方法や、クラッド方法などが挙げられ、電流容量が小さいものの接合に多く用いられている。   Conventionally, a mechanical joining method and welding are used as a method of joining a base metal and a contact. Examples of the mechanical joining method include a caulking method and a clad method, and are often used for joining those having a small current capacity.

一方、電流容量が大きなものに対しては、接点と台金の接合面積を十分確保できる、溶接による方法が用いられる傾向にある。この溶接としては、例えば、超音波溶接、抵抗加熱ろう付、抵抗スポットろう付、抵抗スポット溶接、炉中ろう付、高周波加熱ろう付などが挙げられる。これらの溶接方法のうち、比較的小型の接点(例えば、5mm角(縦5mm×横5mm)の面積)の接合では、超音波溶接、抵抗スポット溶接などが一般的に用いられている。   On the other hand, for those having a large current capacity, there is a tendency to use a welding method that can secure a sufficient contact area between the contact and the base metal. Examples of the welding include ultrasonic welding, resistance heating brazing, resistance spot brazing, resistance spot welding, furnace brazing, and high frequency heating brazing. Among these welding methods, ultrasonic welding, resistance spot welding, etc. are generally used for joining relatively small contacts (for example, an area of 5 mm square (vertical 5 mm × horizontal 5 mm)).

例えば、下記特許文献1には、超音波溶接を用いたものとして、超音波溶着機のホーンヘッド及びアンビルで、台金及び接点片を加圧しながら挟持して、ホーンヘッドを超音波振動させることにより、接点片と台金とを接合する、電気接触子の製造方法が開示されている。   For example, in Patent Document 1 below, assuming that ultrasonic welding is used, a horn head and an anvil of an ultrasonic welder are used to press and hold a base metal and a contact piece while ultrasonically vibrating the horn head. Discloses a method of manufacturing an electrical contact that joins a contact piece and a base metal.

しかしながら、超音波溶接の場合、接点及び台金の材質の組み合わせによっては、接点と台金との接合性が変わり、接合強度のばらつきが生じてしまうことがあった。接点と台金との接合強度にばらつきが発生すると、接点の電気的開閉寿命に影響が及ぶ。   However, in the case of ultrasonic welding, depending on the combination of the material of the contact and the base metal, the bondability between the contact and the base metal may change, resulting in variations in the bonding strength. When the bonding strength between the contact and the base metal varies, the electrical switching life of the contact is affected.

また、抵抗スポット溶接では、極めて短時間で大電流を流して接合するために接合面積が大きくなるほど接合強度がばらつき易いという問題があった。   Further, in resistance spot welding, there is a problem that the bonding strength is likely to vary as the bonding area increases because a large current is passed in a very short time for bonding.

一方、金属部材どうしを接合するための接合方法として、近年、摩擦攪拌接合という接合技術が用いられつつある。これは、先端にピンを突設したツールを回転させながら、接合すべき部材どうしの接合部に押し込んでいき、前記ピンの回転により接合部に摩擦熱を発生させ、それにより接合部を軟化させつつ攪拌して塑性流動を生じさせ、この塑性流動を介して部材どうしを接合させるものである。   On the other hand, in recent years, a joining technique called friction stir welding is being used as a joining method for joining metal members. This is because while rotating the tool with a pin projecting at the tip, it is pushed into the joint between the members to be joined, generating frictional heat at the joint by the rotation of the pin, thereby softening the joint While stirring, a plastic flow is generated, and the members are joined through this plastic flow.

この種の摩擦攪拌接合を行うための装置として、下記特許文献2には、先端部に、軸線に沿って突出するピンを有する接合ツールと、接合ツールをその軸線まわりに回転させる回転用モータと、接合ツールをその軸線方向に移動させる移動用モータとを有し、回転用モータで接合ツールを回転させながら、移動用モータで接合ツールをその軸線方向に移動させ、重ねられた被接合物の所定の接合点に、ピンを押しつけ、摩擦熱でピン周囲の被接合物を加熱、軟化させてピンを挿入し、回転するピンで接合点付近の被接合物を攪拌し、被接合物を接合点で一体化させた後、移動用モータで接合ツールを軸線に沿って引き抜くことによって、被接合物を接合点でスポット接合する接合装置が開示されている。
特開昭60−250891号公報 特開2001−314982号公報
As an apparatus for performing this kind of friction stir welding, Patent Document 2 below discloses a joining tool having a pin protruding along an axis at a tip, and a rotation motor for rotating the joining tool around the axis. , A moving motor for moving the welding tool in the axial direction thereof, while the welding tool is rotated by the rotating motor, the welding tool is moved in the axial direction by the moving motor, and the stacked objects to be joined are moved. A pin is pressed against a predetermined joining point, the object to be joined around the pin is heated and softened by frictional heat, the pin is inserted, and the object to be joined near the joining point is agitated with a rotating pin to join the object to be joined. A joining apparatus is disclosed in which, after being integrated at a point, a joining tool is spot-joined at a joining point by pulling out a joining tool along an axis with a moving motor.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-250891 JP 2001-314982 A

上記の摩擦攪拌接合では、部材を摩擦攪拌して塑性流動させているので、塑性流動した部材が、接合面からはみ出して外観が損なわれるばかりか、部品への取り付けが困難になることがあった。また、塑性流動により両部材を接合するには、ツールの先端を両部材の接合面近傍まで挿入する必要があるので、ツール先端部による被接合物の排除される体積が増え、被接合物の幅方向への変形や厚さ方向への盛上りなどが目立ちはじめ、後工程での部品組立において本来の組立許容精度を満足しないことがあった。また、超音波溶接及び抵抗スポット溶接による接合では、上述したように、接合強度がばらつき易いという問題が生じる。   In the friction stir welding described above, since the members are friction stir to cause plastic flow, the plastic flowed members may protrude from the joint surface and impair the appearance, and may be difficult to attach to the part. . Also, in order to join both members by plastic flow, it is necessary to insert the tip of the tool to the vicinity of the joining surface of both members, so the volume of the object to be joined by the tool tip increases, Deformation in the width direction and build-up in the thickness direction have become conspicuous, and the original assembly allowable accuracy may not be satisfied in component assembly in the subsequent process. Moreover, in the joining by ultrasonic welding and resistance spot welding, as mentioned above, the problem that joining strength tends to vary arises.

したがって、本発明の目的は、接点と台金との接合強度の安定性が高く、きれいな接合面を有する、電気接触子の製造方法を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing an electrical contact having a high bonding strength between a contact and a base metal and having a clean bonding surface.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明の電気接触子の製造方法の第1は、Ag系、Ag−酸化系、W系及びCd系から選ばれた材料で形成された接点とを用い、(1)前記接点と前記台金との間にろう材を介在させる、(2)前記接点と前記台金の少なくとも一方の接合面にめっき層を形成する、及び(3)前記接点の接合面にAg又はAg合金板を接合させる、という手段の少なくとも1つを採用することにより、前記接点と前記台金との間に、ろう材、めっき層及びAg又はAg合金板から選ばれた少なくとも1種のインサート金属を介在させて、前記台金と前記接点とを治具によって重ね合わせて支持し、前記台金の前記接点とは反対側の面の前記接点に対応する位置に、所定速度で回転しかつ治具に対して進退動作する回転ツールを回転させながら押し込んで、前記回転ツールと前記台金との摩擦熱により、前記接点と前記台金とを前記インサート金属を介して固相拡散接合又は固液拡散接合させ、次いで前記回転ツールを前記台金から後退させることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, a first method for producing an electrical contact according to the present invention uses a contact formed of a material selected from Ag, Ag-oxidation, W, and Cd. ) Interposing a brazing material between the contact and the base metal, (2) forming a plating layer on at least one joint surface of the contact and the base metal, and (3) Ag on the joint surface of the contact. Or at least one selected from a brazing material, a plating layer, and an Ag or Ag alloy plate between the contact and the base metal by adopting at least one of means for joining Ag alloy plates. The base metal and the contact are overlapped and supported by a jig with an insert metal interposed, and rotated at a predetermined speed to a position corresponding to the contact on the surface opposite to the contact of the base metal. And rotate the rotating tool that moves forward and backward with respect to the jig. The contact and the base metal are solid-phase diffusion bonded or solid-liquid diffusion bonded through the insert metal by friction heat between the rotary tool and the base metal, and then the rotary tool is connected to the base metal. It is characterized by retreating from.

上記発明によれば、回転ツールと台金との摩擦熱により、接点と台金との接合面を局部的に加熱して、インサート金属が溶融しない場合には固相拡散接合により、インサート金属が溶融する場合には液相拡散接合により、接点と台金とを接合することができる。回転ツールの摩擦熱は、回転ツールと台金の接触部に局部的に発生して、その反対面側に配置された接合面に効率よく伝熱されるので、台金の熱変形等を最小限に抑えることができ、台金が鈍って軟化してしまうことを防止でき、接合に必要なエネルギーを低減して、その生産性を向上させることができる。   According to the above invention, when the insert metal does not melt by locally heating the joint surface between the contact and the base metal by frictional heat between the rotary tool and the base metal, the insert metal is removed by solid phase diffusion bonding. In the case of melting, the contact and the base metal can be bonded by liquid phase diffusion bonding. Friction heat of the rotating tool is locally generated at the contact part between the rotating tool and the base metal, and is efficiently transferred to the joint surface arranged on the opposite side, minimizing thermal deformation of the base metal. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the base metal from being dulled and softened, reduce the energy required for bonding, and improve the productivity.

また、回転ツールと台金との摩擦熱で、接点と台金とを接合させるので、回転ツールを台金に対して深く押し込む必要がなく、台金の内部深くまで軟化又は溶融することを抑制して、台金の変形を最小限に抑えることができ、比較的きれいな接合面を得られ、はみ出した金属によって部品への取付けが困難になることを防止できる。   In addition, since the contact point and the base metal are joined by frictional heat between the rotary tool and the base metal, there is no need to push the rotary tool deeply into the base metal and it is possible to suppress softening or melting deep inside the base metal. Thus, the deformation of the base metal can be minimized, a relatively clean joint surface can be obtained, and it is possible to prevent the metal from protruding from becoming difficult to attach to the component.

更に、回転ツールと台金との摩擦熱で、接点と台金と接合させることにより、接点及び台金の材質によらず、両者を確実に接合させることができ、接点と台金との接合強度のばらつきを抑制して、その安定性を高めることができる。   Furthermore, by joining the contact and the base metal by frictional heat between the rotating tool and the base metal, the two can be reliably joined regardless of the material of the contact and the base metal. It is possible to suppress variations in strength and increase the stability.

本発明の電気接触子の製造方法においては、前記めっき層が、銀系めっき、金系めっき、錫系めっき、ニッケル系めっき、クロム系めっき、亜鉛系めっき及びはんだ系めっきから選ばれた層からなるものであることが好ましい。これによれば、めっき層として、上記特定のものを使用することにより、上記材料からなる台金と接点とを、接合しやすくすることができる。また、ろう材と併用した場合には、ろう材の濡れ性がめっき層によって向上するので、台金及び接点の接合作業を迅速かつ安定して行うことができる。   In the method for producing an electrical contact according to the present invention, the plating layer is a layer selected from silver plating, gold plating, tin plating, nickel plating, chromium plating, zinc plating, and solder plating. It is preferable that According to this, by using the above-described specific layer as the plating layer, the base metal made of the material and the contact can be easily joined. Further, when used together with the brazing material, the wettability of the brazing material is improved by the plating layer, so that the joining work of the base metal and the contact can be performed quickly and stably.

本発明によれば、回転ツールと台金との摩擦熱で、接点と台金とを接合させるので、台金内部の軟化・溶融を抑制して、台金の変形を最小限に抑えて、比較的きれいな接合面を得ることができる。更に、回転ツールと台金との摩擦熱で、接点と台金と接合させることにより、接点及び台金の材質によらず、両者を確実に接合させることができ、接点と台金との接合強度のばらつきを抑制できる。   According to the present invention, the frictional heat between the rotary tool and the base metal joins the contact and the base metal, so that the softening and melting of the base metal is suppressed, and the deformation of the base metal is minimized. A relatively clean joint surface can be obtained. Furthermore, by joining the contact and the base metal by frictional heat between the rotating tool and the base metal, the two can be reliably joined regardless of the material of the contact and the base metal. Variation in strength can be suppressed.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の電気接触子の製造方法について説明する。   Hereinafter, with reference to drawings, the manufacturing method of the electric contact of the present invention is explained.

この電気接触子の製造方法は、台金1と接点3とを接合させてなる電気接触子を製造することを目的としたものである。図1(a),(b)に示すように、この実施形態における台金1は、略帯状に所定長さで伸びていると共に、その両側部1a,1aが中間部1bに対して外方に折り曲げられた形状をなしている。この台金1の両側部1a,1aの下面側に、四角形状をなした接点3,3が接合されるようになっている。   This electrical contact manufacturing method is intended to manufacture an electrical contact formed by joining a base 1 and a contact 3. As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the base metal 1 in this embodiment extends in a substantially band shape with a predetermined length, and both side portions 1a and 1a are outward from the intermediate portion 1b. It has a shape that is bent into On the lower surface side of both side portions 1a and 1a of the base metal 1, rectangular contact points 3 and 3 are joined.

前記台金1は、Cu及びCu合金から選ばれた材料で形成されている。ここで、Cu合金としては、例えばCuZn合金等が挙げられる。   The said base metal 1 is formed with the material chosen from Cu and Cu alloy. Here, examples of the Cu alloy include a CuZn alloy.

また、前記接点3は、Ag系、Ag−酸化系、W系及びCd系から選ばれた材料で形成されている。具体的には、下記表1に示す材料で形成されることが好ましい。   The contact 3 is made of a material selected from Ag, Ag-oxidation, W, and Cd. Specifically, it is preferably formed of the materials shown in Table 1 below.

Figure 2009266707
Figure 2009266707

そして、この製造方法では、台金1及び接点3の間に、インサート金属を介在させて、台金1と接点3とを治具50によって重ね合わせた状態で支持されるようになっている。すなわち、(1)接点3と台金1との間にろう材を介在させる、(2)接点3と台金1の少なくとも一方の接合面にめっき層を形成する、及び(3)接点3の接合面にAg又はAg合金板を接合させる、という手段の少なくとも1つを採用することにより、接点3と台金1との間に、ろう材、めっき層及びAg又はAg合金板から選ばれた少なくとも1種のインサート金属が介在されている。   In this manufacturing method, an insert metal is interposed between the base metal 1 and the contact 3, and the base metal 1 and the contact 3 are supported in a state of being overlapped by the jig 50. That is, (1) a brazing material is interposed between the contact 3 and the base 1, (2) a plating layer is formed on at least one joint surface between the contact 3 and the base 1, and (3) the contact 3 By adopting at least one of means for joining an Ag or Ag alloy plate to the joining surface, a brazing material, a plating layer, and an Ag or Ag alloy plate were selected between the contact 3 and the base metal 1. At least one insert metal is interposed.

図1(a)の要部拡大説明図に示すように、この実施形態では、接点3の、台金1に対する接合面(上面)にめっき層からなるインサート金属Mが予め形成されていると共に、このインサート金属Mの上面に、ろう材からなるインサート金属Rが配置されており、後述する回転ツール22の摩擦熱により、複数種のインサート金属M及びRを介して、接点3と台金1とが接合されるようになっている。   As shown in the enlarged explanatory view of the main part of FIG. 1A, in this embodiment, an insert metal M made of a plating layer is formed in advance on the bonding surface (upper surface) of the contact 3 with respect to the base metal 1, An insert metal R made of a brazing material is disposed on the upper surface of the insert metal M, and the contact 3 and the base metal 1 through the plurality of types of insert metals M and R due to frictional heat of the rotary tool 22 described later. Are to be joined.

また、前記ろう材としては、どのようなろう材でも良いが、例えばAg系ろう材(銀ろう)及びCu−P系ろう材(りん銅ろう)は、一般的に広く使用されるもので、入手性、価格面での特殊性がなく好適である。これらのろう材は、後述する回転ツール22の摩擦熱で溶融するものとなっている。   The brazing material may be any brazing material, but, for example, Ag brazing material (silver brazing) and Cu-P brazing material (phosphorous copper brazing) are generally widely used. There are no specialities in terms of availability and price. These brazing materials are melted by the frictional heat of the rotary tool 22 described later.

一方、めっき層としては、銀系めっき、金系めっき、錫系めっき、ニッケル系めっき、クロム系めっき、亜鉛系めっき及びはんだ系めっきから選ばれた層を好適に用いることができる。銀系めっきとしては、例えば銀めっきが挙げられ、金系めっきとしては、例えば金めっきが挙げられ、錫系めっきとしては、例えば錫めっきが挙げられ、ニッケル系めっきとしては、例えばニッケルめっき、ニッケルリンめっきが挙げられ、クロム系めっきとしては、例えばクロムめっきが挙げられ、亜鉛系めっきとしては、例えば亜鉛めっき、亜鉛ニッケルめっきが挙げられ、はんだ系めっきとしては、例えば錫銀めっき、錫鉛めっきが挙げられる。これらのめっき層は、回転ツール22の摩擦熱によって、溶融しないものでも、溶融するものでもよい。なお、上記各系めっきには、各系の合金めっきも含まれる。例えば、銀系めっきであれば、銀を主成分として、その他の金属が含有された銀系合金からなるめっきを含む。   On the other hand, as the plating layer, a layer selected from silver plating, gold plating, tin plating, nickel plating, chromium plating, zinc plating and solder plating can be preferably used. Examples of the silver plating include silver plating, examples of the gold plating include gold plating, and examples of the tin plating include tin plating. Examples of the nickel plating include nickel plating and nickel plating. Phosphorus plating is exemplified, and chromium plating is exemplified by chromium plating, zinc plating is exemplified by zinc plating and zinc nickel plating, and solder plating is exemplified by tin silver plating and tin lead plating. Is mentioned. These plating layers may be either not melted or melted by the frictional heat of the rotary tool 22. Each system plating includes each system alloy plating. For example, silver plating includes plating made of a silver alloy containing silver as a main component and other metals.

また、Ag又はAg合金板としては、例えばAg、AgCdの板が挙げられる。Ag又はAg合金板は、接点3の接合面に周知の接合手段、例えば、クラッド接合や接着剤等によって接合されるもので、前述した、ろう材として用いられるAg系ろう材よりも融点が高く、回転ツール22の摩擦熱によって溶融しないものとなっている。   Examples of the Ag or Ag alloy plate include Ag and AgCd plates. The Ag or Ag alloy plate is bonded to the bonding surface of the contact 3 by a known bonding means, for example, clad bonding or adhesive, and has a higher melting point than the Ag-based brazing material used as the brazing material described above. The rotating tool 22 is not melted by the frictional heat.

なお、接点3及び台金1の間に介在される、インサート金属の組み合わせとしては、(a)ろう材単独、(b)めっき層単独、(c)Ag又はAg合金板単独、(d)ろう材及びめっき層(上記実施形態)、(e)ろう材及びAg又はAg合金板、(f)めっき層及びAg又はAg合金板、(g)ろう材、めっき層、及びAg又はAg合金板が挙げられ、どの態様であってもよい。   In addition, as a combination of the insert metal interposed between the contact 3 and the base metal 1, (a) brazing material alone, (b) plating layer alone, (c) Ag or Ag alloy plate alone, (d) brazing (E) brazing material and Ag or Ag alloy plate, (f) plating layer and Ag or Ag alloy plate, (g) brazing material, plating layer, and Ag or Ag alloy plate Any mode is possible.

上記のように、インサート金属を挟んで重ね合わされた接点3及び台金1は、治具50によって、重ね合わされた状態で保持されている。この実施形態における治具50は、図1(a)に示すように、基台部51と、該基台部51に着脱可能に装着され、台金1を治具50に押え付ける押え部55とを有している。前記基台部51には、台金1に沿った形状をなし、台金1を位置決め保持する保持凹部52が所定深さで形成されており、更に、同保持凹部52の両側に、接点3が嵌め込まれる嵌合凹部53,53がそれぞれ形成されている。一方、押え部55は、前記台金1の中間部1bの上面形状に適合した形状をなしている。そして、基台部51の嵌合凹部53に接点3を嵌め込むと共に、その上に台金1を重ね合わせて配置し、同台金1の中間部1b上面に押え部55を挿入配置して、図示しない固定手段で基台部51に装着することにより、台金1が浮かないように押え付けられて、台金1と接点3との間に、インサート金属が挟持された状態で、両者が重ね合わされて支持されるようになっている。   As described above, the contact 3 and the base metal 1 that are overlapped with the insert metal interposed therebetween are held by the jig 50 in an overlapped state. As shown in FIG. 1A, the jig 50 in this embodiment is detachably attached to a base 51 and the presser 55 that presses the base 1 against the jig 50. And have. The base 51 has a shape along the base 1 and is formed with holding recesses 52 for positioning and holding the base 1 with a predetermined depth. Further, contacts 3 on both sides of the holding recess 52. Fitting recesses 53, 53 into which are inserted are respectively formed. On the other hand, the presser portion 55 has a shape adapted to the upper surface shape of the intermediate portion 1 b of the base metal 1. Then, the contact 3 is fitted in the fitting recess 53 of the base 51, the base 1 is placed on top of it, and the presser 55 is inserted on the upper surface of the intermediate portion 1 b of the base 1. When the base metal 51 is attached to the base 51 with a fixing means (not shown), the base metal 1 is pressed so as not to float, and the insert metal is sandwiched between the base metal 1 and the contact 3. Are stacked and supported.

なお、上記治具50の材料としては、セラミックス又はステンレスが好ましく用いられる。これらの材料は耐熱性が高く、熱伝導度が低いので、回転ツール22の先端面が台金1上を回転することにより生じる摩擦熱が、治具50に伝熱されにくくなる。その結果、摩擦熱を、台金1と接点3との接触面に効率良く伝熱させることができ、後述する台金1と接点3との接合を迅速に行うことが可能となる。   In addition, as a material of the jig 50, ceramics or stainless steel is preferably used. Since these materials have high heat resistance and low thermal conductivity, frictional heat generated when the tip surface of the rotary tool 22 rotates on the base metal 1 is not easily transferred to the jig 50. As a result, the frictional heat can be efficiently transferred to the contact surface between the base metal 1 and the contact 3, and the base 1 and the contact 3 described later can be quickly joined.

上記のように治具50によって重ね合わされた接点3及び台金1は、例えば、図2(a)に示す製造装置10にセットされて、該製造装置10によって接合されるようになっている。図2(a)の製造装置の概略構成図を用いて説明すると、この製造装置10は、台金1及び接点3を重ね合わせて支持する治具50が固定される固定盤12と、該固定盤12から垂設した柱部14と、該柱部14に昇降手段16を介して昇降可能に支持されたツール支持筒18と、該ツール支持筒18の下方に固定チャック20を介して固定された回転ツール22とを有している。前記ツール支持筒18の上方には、回転手段24が配置されており、その回転軸が前記回転ツール22に連結されている。   The contact 3 and the base metal 1 overlapped by the jig 50 as described above are set, for example, in the manufacturing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 2A and are joined by the manufacturing apparatus 10. The manufacturing apparatus 10 will be described with reference to the schematic configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in FIG. 2A. A column 14 suspended from the board 12, a tool support cylinder 18 supported by the column 14 via an elevating means 16 so as to be movable up and down, and a fixed chuck 20 fixed below the tool support cylinder 18. Rotation tool 22. A rotating means 24 is disposed above the tool support cylinder 18, and its rotating shaft is connected to the rotating tool 22.

したがって、回転ツール22は、昇降手段16により、治具50に対して進退可能に昇降動作すると共に、回転手段24により所定速度で回転動作するように構成されている。また、この実施形態における回転ツール22は、図2(b)に示すように、先端に向かって次第に縮径した円柱状をなし、その先端面が平坦な円形状となっている。そして、回転ツール22は、台金1の接点3に当接していない面の、接点3に対応する位置で回転することにより、台金1の上面と回転ツール22の先端面との間に摩擦熱を生じさせつつ、台金1内に押し込まれるようになっている。   Therefore, the rotary tool 22 is configured to move up and down by the lifting means 16 so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the jig 50 and to rotate at a predetermined speed by the rotating means 24. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2B, the rotary tool 22 in this embodiment has a cylindrical shape with a gradually reduced diameter toward the tip, and the tip surface has a flat circular shape. The rotating tool 22 rotates at a position corresponding to the contact 3 on the surface of the base 1 that is not in contact with the contact 3, thereby causing friction between the upper surface of the base 1 and the tip surface of the rotating tool 22. It is pushed into the base 1 while generating heat.

また、前記回転ツール22は、図2(c)に示すように、平坦な先端面の中央から、所定高さで突出した突起26を有するものであってもよい。この形態では、突起26が台金1に接触して、摩擦熱を発生させるようになっているので、突起26を除く回転ツール22の外径をより太い径とすることができるので、回転ツール22の剛性を高めることができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, the rotary tool 22 may have a protrusion 26 protruding at a predetermined height from the center of the flat tip surface. In this embodiment, since the protrusion 26 comes into contact with the base metal 1 to generate frictional heat, the outer diameter of the rotary tool 22 excluding the protrusion 26 can be made larger, so that the rotary tool The rigidity of 22 can be increased.

次に、上記製造装置10を用いた場合における、本発明の電気接触子の製造方法について説明する。   Next, the manufacturing method of the electrical contact of the present invention when the manufacturing apparatus 10 is used will be described.

まず、めっき層からなるインサート金属Mと、その上面に配置されたろう材からなるインサート金属Rとを接合面に設けた接点3を、基台部51の嵌合凹部53に嵌め込む。その後、保持凹部52に台金1を挿入配置して接点3の上面に載置する。そして、台金1の中間部1b上面に押え部55を嵌入して、図示しない固定手段で基台部51に押え部55を装着する。その結果、図1に示すように、接点3及び台金1の間に、インサート金属M及びRが挟み込まれた状態で、接点3と台金1とが重ね合わされて支持される。   First, the contact 3 provided on the joint surface with the insert metal M made of a plating layer and the insert metal R made of a brazing material disposed on the upper surface thereof is fitted into the fitting recess 53 of the base portion 51. Thereafter, the base metal 1 is inserted into the holding recess 52 and placed on the upper surface of the contact 3. Then, the presser part 55 is fitted on the upper surface of the intermediate part 1b of the base metal 1, and the presser part 55 is mounted on the base part 51 by a fixing means (not shown). As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the contact 3 and the base metal 1 are overlapped and supported while the insert metals M and R are sandwiched between the contact 3 and the base metal 1.

上記状態の台金1及び接点3を、製造装置10の固定盤12の所定位置に配置固定した後、回転ツール22を所定速度で回転させながら、台金1に向けて押し込んでいく。そして、回転ツール22の先端面が台金1に接触すると、回転ツール22と台金1との間に摩擦熱が生じ、更に、回転ツール22が回転しながら押し込まれていくことにより、図1(a)の矢印Hに示すように、前記摩擦熱が台金1を通って接点3と台金1との接合面に伝達されて、この接合面が加熱される。   After the base 1 and the contact 3 in the above state are arranged and fixed at predetermined positions on the stationary platen 12 of the manufacturing apparatus 10, the rotary tool 22 is pushed toward the base 1 while rotating at a predetermined speed. When the tip surface of the rotary tool 22 comes into contact with the base metal 1, frictional heat is generated between the rotary tool 22 and the base metal 1, and further, the rotary tool 22 is pushed in while being rotated. As indicated by an arrow H in (a), the frictional heat is transmitted to the joint surface between the contact 3 and the base metal 1 through the base metal 1, and the joint surface is heated.

このとき、この実施形態では、接点3及び台金1の間に、ろう材からなるインサート金属R及びめっき層からなるインサート金属Mが介在しているので、融点の低いろう材からなるインサート金属Rが溶融・液化すると共に、このインサート金属R及びめっき層からなるインサート金属Mを介して、接点3及び台金1が液相拡散接合によって互いに接合される。その後、回転ツール22を台金1から後退させることにより、接点3と台金1との接合が完了する。なお、液相拡散接合とは、原子の拡散を利用して接合する拡散接合の一つで、接合すべき部材の接合面間を一時的に溶融・液化させ、液相状態で接合する方法をいう。   At this time, in this embodiment, since the insert metal R made of a brazing material and the insert metal M made of a plating layer are interposed between the contact 3 and the base metal 1, the insert metal R made of a brazing material having a low melting point. Is melted and liquefied, and the contact 3 and the base metal 1 are bonded to each other by liquid phase diffusion bonding through the insert metal R and the insert metal M made of a plating layer. Thereafter, the rotary tool 22 is retracted from the base 1 to complete the joining of the contact 3 and the base 1. Liquid phase diffusion bonding is one of diffusion bonding that uses atomic diffusion, and is a method in which the bonding surfaces of members to be bonded are temporarily melted and liquefied and bonded in a liquid phase state. Say.

上記のように、接点3及び台金1の間に、ろう材からなるインサート金属Rを介在させた場合は、両者は液相拡散接合により接合され、一方、接点3及び台金1の間に、ろう材からなるインサート金属Rを介在させない場合は、両者は固相拡散接合により接合される。なお、固相拡散接合とは、原子の拡散を利用して接合する拡散接合の一つで、接合すべき部材の接合面間を溶融させずに、固相状態で接合する方法をいう。   As described above, when the insert metal R made of a brazing material is interposed between the contact 3 and the base metal 1, both are joined by liquid phase diffusion bonding, while the contact 3 and the base metal 1 are connected. When the insert metal R made of brazing material is not interposed, both are joined by solid phase diffusion bonding. Solid phase diffusion bonding is one type of diffusion bonding that uses atomic diffusion, and refers to a method of bonding in a solid phase state without melting the bonding surfaces of members to be bonded.

以上説明したように、この電気接触子の製造方法においては、回転ツール22と台金1との摩擦熱により、接点3と台金1との接合面を局部的に加熱して、インサート金属が溶融しない場合には固相拡散接合により、インサート金属が溶融する場合には液相拡散接合により、接点3と台金1とを接合することができる。このとき、回転ツール22の摩擦熱は、回転ツール22と台金1の接触部に局部的に発生して、その反対面側に配置された接合面に効率よく伝熱されるので、台金1の熱変形等を最小限に抑えることができ、台金1が鈍って軟化してしまうことを防止でき、接合に必要なエネルギーを低減して、その生産性を向上させることができる。   As described above, in this electrical contact manufacturing method, the frictional heat between the rotary tool 22 and the base metal 1 locally heats the joint surface between the contact 3 and the base metal 1 so that the insert metal is The contact 3 and the base metal 1 can be joined by solid phase diffusion bonding when not melting, and by liquid phase diffusion bonding when the insert metal is melted. At this time, the frictional heat of the rotary tool 22 is locally generated at the contact portion between the rotary tool 22 and the base metal 1, and is efficiently transferred to the joint surface disposed on the opposite surface side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the base metal 1 from being dulled and softened, reduce the energy required for joining, and improve the productivity.

また、回転ツール22と台金1との摩擦熱で、接点3と台金1とを接合させるので、回転ツール22を台金1に対して深く押し込む必要がなく、台金1の内部深くまで軟化又は溶融することを抑制して、台金1の変形を最小限に抑えることができると共に、接合作業を比較的短時間で効率よく行うことができる。更に、台金1の変形を抑制できる結果、比較的きれいな接合面を得ることができ、はみ出した金属によって部品への取付けが困難になることを防止できる。   Further, since the contact 3 and the base metal 1 are joined by frictional heat between the rotary tool 22 and the base metal 1, it is not necessary to push the rotary tool 22 deeply into the base metal 1, so that the interior of the base metal 1 is deepened. While suppressing softening or melting, the deformation of the base metal 1 can be minimized, and the joining operation can be performed efficiently in a relatively short time. Furthermore, as a result of suppressing the deformation of the base metal 1, a relatively clean joint surface can be obtained, and it is possible to prevent the metal from protruding from becoming difficult to attach to the component.

更に、回転ツール22と台金1との摩擦熱で、接点3と台金1と接合させることにより、接点3及び台金1の材質によらず、両者を確実に接合させることができ、接点3と台金1との接合強度のばらつきを抑制して、その安定性を高めることができる。   Furthermore, by joining the contact 3 and the base metal 1 by frictional heat between the rotary tool 22 and the base metal 1, both can be reliably joined regardless of the material of the contact 3 and the base metal 1. It is possible to suppress the variation in bonding strength between the metal 3 and the base metal 1 and to increase the stability thereof.

また、この実施形態においては、ろう材として、Ag系ろう材及びCu−P系ろう材から選ばれたものを用いたので、上記材料からなる台金1と接点3とを、比較的短時間でより効率良く接合することができる。   In this embodiment, since the brazing material selected from the Ag-based brazing material and the Cu-P-based brazing material is used, the base metal 1 and the contact 3 made of the above-mentioned materials are connected for a relatively short time. Can be joined more efficiently.

更に、この実施形態においては、めっき層として、銀系めっき、金系めっき、錫系めっき、ニッケル系めっき、クロム系めっき、亜鉛系めっき及びはんだ系めっきから選ばれた層からなるものを用いたので、上記材料からなる台金1と接点3とを、より接合しやすくすることができる。   Furthermore, in this embodiment, the plating layer is made of a layer selected from silver plating, gold plating, tin plating, nickel plating, chromium plating, zinc plating and solder plating. Therefore, the base 1 made of the above material and the contact 3 can be more easily joined.

そして、この実施形態では、めっき層からなるインサート金属Mは、ろう材からなるインサート金属Rと併用されているので、ろう材の濡れ性をめっき層によって向上させることができる。例えば、めっき層からなるインサート金属Mの全体に、ろう材からなるインサート金属Rが部分的に盛られている場合で、前述したように、回転ツール22によってインサート金属Rが溶融したとき、インサート金属M上をスムーズに流れて、接合面全体にろう材を行き渡らせることができ、台金1及び接点3の接合作業を迅速かつ安定して行うことができる。   In this embodiment, since the insert metal M made of the plating layer is used in combination with the insert metal R made of the brazing material, the wettability of the brazing material can be improved by the plating layer. For example, when the insert metal R made of a brazing material is partially stacked on the entire insert metal M made of a plating layer, and the insert metal R is melted by the rotary tool 22 as described above, the insert metal The brazing filler metal can be spread over the entire joining surface smoothly flowing on M, and the joining work of the base metal 1 and the contact 3 can be performed quickly and stably.

接点として、下記(イ)〜(ハ)の材料を用い、台金として下記(ニ)、(ホ)の材料を用い、台金に対するめっきとして、下記(ヘ)のめっきを用いて、下記(1)〜(8)の各種組合せで、図1,2に示した治具及び製造装置を用いて接合試験を行った。   The following materials (a) to (c) are used as the contacts, the following materials (d) and (e) are used as the base metal, and the following (f) plating is used as the base metal plating: Joining tests were performed using the jigs and manufacturing apparatuses shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in various combinations of 1) to (8).

接点:
(イ)AgCdO/AgCd(酸化法)接合面AgCd
(ロ)AgCdO/Ag(Ag板貼り付け)接合面Ag
(ハ)AgSnO2+Ag(Ag板貼り付け)接合面Ag
台金:
(ニ)Cu
(ホ)Cu合金(CuZn)
台金へのメッキ:
(へ)Sn系メッキ(Snメッキ)
組合せ:
(1)(イ)+(ホ)+(ヘ)
(2)(ロ)+(ニ)+(ヘ)
(3)(ロ)+(ホ)
(4)(ロ)+(ホ)+(ヘ)
(5)(ハ)+(ニ)
(6)(ハ)+(ニ)+(ヘ)
(7)(ハ)+(ホ)
(8)(ハ)+(ホ)+(ヘ)
その結果、上記(1)〜(8)の全ての組合せにおいて、接点を台金に強固に接合させることができた。
contact:
(I) AgCdO / AgCd (oxidation method) joint surface AgCd
(B) AgCdO / Ag (Ag plate pasting) joint surface Ag
(C) AgSnO 2 + Ag (Ag plate pasted) joint surface Ag
Deposit:
(D) Cu
(E) Cu alloy (CuZn)
Plating on the base metal:
(F) Sn plating (Sn plating)
combination:
(1) (I) + (E) + (F)
(2) (b) + (d) + (f)
(3) (b) + (e)
(4) (b) + (e) + (f)
(5) (C) + (D)
(6) (C) + (D) + (F)
(7) (C) + (E)
(8) (C) + (E) + (F)
As a result, in all the combinations (1) to (8), the contacts could be firmly joined to the base metal.

本発明の電気接触子の製造方法に用いられる治具、及び、それに支持される台金と接点とを示しており、(a)は(b)のA−A矢示線における略断面説明図、(b)は平面図である。The jig | tool used for the manufacturing method of the electrical contact of this invention, the base metal supported by it, and the contact are shown, (a) is rough sectional explanatory drawing in the AA arrow line of (b). , (B) is a plan view. 同電気接触子の製造方法に用いられる製造装置の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the manufacturing apparatus used for the manufacturing method of the electrical contact.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 台金
1a,1a 両側部
1b 中間部
3 接点
10 製造装置
12 固定盤
14 柱部
16 昇降手段
18 ツール支持筒
20 固定チャック
22 回転ツール
24 回転手段
26 突起
50 治具
51 基台部
52 保持凹部
53 嵌合凹部
55 押え部
M インサート金属(めっき層)
R インサート金属(ろう材)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base metal 1a, 1a Both sides 1b Middle part 3 Contact 10 Manufacturing apparatus 12 Fixed board 14 Column 16 Lifting means 18 Tool support cylinder 20 Fixed chuck 22 Rotating tool 24 Rotating means 26 Protrusion 50 Jig 51 Base part 52 Holding recessed part 53 Fitting recess 55 Presser part M Insert metal (plating layer)
R Insert metal (brazing material)

Claims (2)

Cu及びCu合金から選ばれた材料で形成された台金と、Ag系、Ag−酸化系、W系及びCd系から選ばれた材料で形成された接点とを用い、
(1)前記接点と前記台金との間にろう材を介在させる、(2)前記接点と前記台金の少なくとも一方の接合面にめっき層を形成する、及び(3)前記接点の接合面にAg又はAg合金板を接合させる、という手段の少なくとも1つを採用することにより、前記接点と前記台金との間に、ろう材、めっき層及びAg又はAg合金板から選ばれた少なくとも1種のインサート金属を介在させて、前記台金と前記接点とを治具によって重ね合わせて支持し、
前記台金の前記接点とは反対側の面の前記接点に対応する位置に、所定速度で回転しかつ治具に対して進退動作する回転ツールを回転させながら押し込んで、前記回転ツールと前記台金との摩擦熱により、前記接点と前記台金とを前記インサート金属を介して固相拡散接合又は固液拡散接合させ、次いで前記回転ツールを前記台金から後退させることを特徴とする電気接触子の製造方法。
Using a base metal formed of a material selected from Cu and Cu alloy, and a contact formed of a material selected from Ag-based, Ag-oxidized, W-based, and Cd-based,
(1) A brazing material is interposed between the contact and the base metal, (2) a plating layer is formed on at least one joint surface of the contact and the base metal, and (3) a joint surface of the contact At least one selected from a brazing material, a plating layer, and an Ag or Ag alloy plate is provided between the contact and the base metal by adopting at least one of means for joining Ag or an Ag alloy plate to the base metal. By interposing a seed metal of the seed, the base metal and the contact are overlapped and supported by a jig,
A rotating tool that rotates at a predetermined speed and moves forward and backward with respect to a jig is rotated and pushed into a position corresponding to the contact on the surface of the base opposite to the contact, and the rotary tool and the base are rotated. Electrical contact characterized in that the contact and the base metal are solid-phase diffusion bonded or solid-liquid diffusion bonded through the insert metal by frictional heat with gold, and then the rotating tool is retracted from the base metal. Child manufacturing method.
前記めっき層が、銀系めっき、金系めっき、錫系めっき、ニッケル系めっき、クロム系めっき、亜鉛系めっき及びはんだ系めっきから選ばれた層からなる請求項1記載の電気接触子の製造方法。   The method for producing an electrical contact according to claim 1, wherein the plating layer is made of a layer selected from silver plating, gold plating, tin plating, nickel plating, chromium plating, zinc plating, and solder plating. .
JP2008116636A 2008-04-28 2008-04-28 Manufacturing method of electrical contact Expired - Fee Related JP4905410B2 (en)

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Cited By (2)

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CN103817451A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-05-28 中国科学院电子学研究所 Oxygen-free copper composite welding method
RU2579413C1 (en) * 2014-12-29 2016-04-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт металлургии и материаловедения им. А.А. Байкова Российской академии наук (ИМЕТ РАН) Method for diffusion welding

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103817451A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-05-28 中国科学院电子学研究所 Oxygen-free copper composite welding method
RU2579413C1 (en) * 2014-12-29 2016-04-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт металлургии и материаловедения им. А.А. Байкова Российской академии наук (ИМЕТ РАН) Method for diffusion welding

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