JP2009187732A - Temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は熱可塑性樹脂材から選択した成型材を使用する動作温度２２０〜２３５℃の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズ、特に高温、高湿状態で保管する場合の時間経過中に生ずる動作温度の変動を抑止する感温ペレット型温度ヒュ−ズに関する。 The present invention uses a temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse having an operating temperature of 220 to 235 ° C. using a molding material selected from a thermoplastic resin material, and in particular, changes in operating temperature that occur during the passage of time when stored in a high temperature and high humidity state. The present invention relates to a temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse to be suppressed.
温度ヒューズは使用する感温材により分類され、非導電体感温材を使用する感温ペレット型温度ヒューズと導電体感温材を使用する可溶合金型温度ヒューズとがある。いずれも周囲温度が上昇する時に所定の温度で作動して機器や装置の電流通電路を遮断あるいは導通を形成して機器類を保護する、いわゆる非復帰型温度スイッチである。作動する動作温度は使用する感温材でほぼ決められ、スイッチング部品等の選定により動作温度の微調整が行われる。このうち感温ペレット型温度ヒューズは、両端にリードを取付けた金属ケース外囲器内に非導電体感温材をペレット状に成型して使用され、圧縮ばねのスプリング体や可動導電体と共にケース所定位置に収容して構成する。成型された感温ペレットは動作温度で軟化・溶融し、圧縮ばねの押圧作用で可動導電体を移動させて一対のリード間の導通を遮断する。感温ペレットは、所定の溶融温度を有する化学薬品を所定形状に成形加工で造粒しこれを打錠成形によりペレット化して使用されるが、最近は動作温度の調整方法の向上から特性的に有利な熱可塑性樹脂材が使用される。 Thermal fuses are classified according to the temperature sensitive material used, and there are a temperature sensitive pellet type thermal fuse that uses a non-conductor temperature sensitive material and a fusible alloy type temperature fuse that uses a conductor temperature sensitive material. All of these are so-called non-returnable temperature switches that operate at a predetermined temperature when the ambient temperature rises to cut off or form a current conduction path of the device or device to protect the device. The operating temperature to be operated is almost determined by the temperature-sensitive material to be used, and the operating temperature is finely adjusted by selecting a switching component or the like. Among these, the temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse is used by molding a non-conductive temperature-sensitive material into a pellet shape in a metal case envelope with leads attached to both ends, together with a spring body of a compression spring and a movable conductor. Housed in position. The molded temperature sensitive pellets are softened and melted at the operating temperature, and the movable conductor is moved by the pressing action of the compression spring to cut off the conduction between the pair of leads. Thermosensitive pellets are used by granulating chemicals with a predetermined melting temperature into a predetermined shape by molding and pelletizing them by tableting. Advantageous thermoplastic materials are used.
特許文献１ないし特許文献３は、感温材として非導電性熱可塑性樹脂材を使用する感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを開示する。これらは熱可塑性樹脂を感温材として使用しそれ自体の溶融・軟化を利用する。しかし、動作温度の設定は成型加工されたペレットの経時的変化に伴う問題点が認識され、その適切な対応が要請されている。特に、実用化のためには、動作温度の精度向上が問題点として残され、使用する樹脂材に関する試行錯誤の繰り返しで新規で改良された材料や条件が見出される。また、動作温度の精度上の問題は、温度ヒューズとしての信頼性を左右することから重要かつ困難があった。たとえば、特許文献２はポリエステル系樹脂のポリブチレンテレフタレート（以下ＰＢＴと称する）の使用例を挙げ、その融点２２０〜２２７℃の動作温度の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを開示し、その単独使用の可能性を示唆している。
感温ペレット型温度ヒューズは、両端にリードを取付けた金属ケース外囲器内に非導電体感温材のペレットを圧縮ばねと可動導電体と共に収容して構成され、動作温度に達すると感温ペレットが軟化・溶融し、圧縮ばねの押圧作用で可動導電体を移動させる。しかし、感温ペレットの感温材に熱可塑性樹脂を使用する場合、温度ヒューズの保管が高温状態であるとか正常動作状態の周囲温度が高温状態であると経過時間で形状変化が生じたりして所定の動作温度が変動することが見出され、また、加水分解により融点が低下したりして安定性を欠くことが判明した。いずれの場合も感温ペレット型温度ヒューズの誤動作や所望しない状況下での断線の原因となり、安定な動作温度が保証され難い。具体的には特許文献２が開示するＰＢＴを使用した感温ペレット型温度ヒューズにおいて、高温状態での長期に亘る保管・維持は、経過時間と共に所定の動作温度が変動する。また、加水分解により融点の低下を招き、選定材料によっては加温による熱変形が作動応答速度の変動となり、動作温度の精度低下から信頼性の欠如となる。 A temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse is constructed by storing a non-conductive temperature-sensitive material pellet together with a compression spring and a movable conductor in a metal case envelope with leads attached to both ends. Softens and melts, and the movable conductor is moved by the pressing action of the compression spring. However, when a thermoplastic resin is used for the temperature sensitive material of the temperature sensitive pellet, the shape change may occur over time if the temperature fuse is stored at a high temperature or the ambient temperature under normal operation is high. It was found that the predetermined operating temperature fluctuated, and it was found that the melting point was lowered by hydrolysis and lacked stability. In either case, the temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse malfunctions or breaks in an undesired situation, and it is difficult to guarantee a stable operating temperature. Specifically, in the temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse using PBT disclosed in Patent Document 2, the long-term storage / maintenance in a high-temperature state changes the predetermined operating temperature with the elapsed time. In addition, the melting point decreases due to hydrolysis, and depending on the selected material, thermal deformation due to heating causes fluctuations in the operating response speed, resulting in a lack of reliability due to a decrease in accuracy of the operating temperature.
従って、本発明の目的は、上記欠点を解消するために提案されたものであり、温度ヒューズが長期に亘り高温雰囲気で正常作動されるとか、高温状態で長期保管する場合あるいは高湿環境下で保管される場合に変質や加水分解による融点低下を生ぜず、所定の動作温度で迅速かつ確実に作動する感温成型材を使用した新規且つ改良された感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを提供する。すなわち、所望する動作温度に調整でき、ペレットの成形加工を容易にすると共に、製造後の温度ヒューズが高温高湿状態で保管されたり正常使用されたりする場合、その環境下での経過時間中の変質劣化を防止し、感温ペレット型温度ヒューズとして重要な動作温度に悪影響を及ぼさず、所定の動作温度で即応作動する高精度の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを提供することである。また、感温ペレット型温度ヒューズの信頼性を高めるため、高温高湿状態で長時間保管した後でも動作温度の変動を抑止し、経時的影響が出ない安定な感温ペレットを提供することである。この感温ペレットは結晶性熱可塑性樹脂のポリエステル系樹脂のポリトリメチレンテレフタレート（以下略称のＰＴＴと称する）が感温成型材の主材料に使用され、２２０〜２３５℃の動作温度を有する感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを提供する。 Accordingly, the object of the present invention is proposed to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and the thermal fuse is normally operated in a high temperature atmosphere for a long period of time, stored for a long period of time in a high temperature state, or in a high humidity environment. Provided is a new and improved temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse using a temperature-sensitive molding material that operates quickly and reliably at a predetermined operating temperature without causing deterioration of the melting point due to alteration or hydrolysis when stored. In other words, it can be adjusted to the desired operating temperature, facilitates the molding process of the pellet, and when the temperature fuse after manufacture is stored or used normally in a high-temperature and high-humidity state, It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-precision temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse that prevents deterioration of deterioration and does not adversely affect an operating temperature important as a temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse, and operates immediately at a predetermined operating temperature. In addition, in order to increase the reliability of temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuses, by providing stable temperature-sensitive pellets that will not change over time even after being stored for a long time in a high-temperature and high-humidity state, and will not be affected over time. is there. This temperature-sensitive pellet is a polyester resin, polytrimethylene terephthalate (hereinafter abbreviated as PTT), which is a crystalline thermoplastic resin, used as the main material of the temperature-sensitive molding material, and has a temperature of 220 to 235 ° C. A pellet-type thermal fuse is provided.
本発明の他の目的は、熱可塑性樹脂としてポリエステル系樹脂のＰＴＴを感温成型材の主材に選び、補助材に酸化防止材および必要に応じて可塑剤または充填材を添加する。また、ＰＴＴに対して、耐加水分解性を得たり、共重合する事前処理を施して経時的変化に伴なうペレット縮小や劣化変質を抑止し、高温、高湿状態で保管されたり使用されたりする場合でも特性変化の生じにくいことを重視した安定かつ高精度作動の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズの提供にある。 Another object of the present invention is to select polyester-based PTT as a thermoplastic resin as the main material of the temperature-sensitive molding material, and add an antioxidant and a plasticizer or filler as necessary to the auxiliary material. In addition, PTT is hydrolyzed and pre-processed for copolymerization to prevent pellet shrinkage and deterioration due to changes over time, and it can be stored and used at high temperatures and high humidity. Therefore, the present invention provides a temperature sensitive pellet type temperature fuse that is stable and highly accurate in operation, with an emphasis on the fact that characteristic changes are not likely to occur.
本発明によれば、一対のリードを装着した金属製筒状外囲器に、熱可塑性樹脂材からなる感温ペレットおよび可動導電体を含むスイッチング部材を収容し、前記感温ペレットの軟化溶融に伴う形状変形で前記可動導電体をスライドさせて所定の動作温度で前記リード間の接続状態をカットオフする温度ヒューズにおいて、前記熱可塑性樹脂材にＰＴＴを使用し、動作温度以下の高温状態における保管または正常維持での経時変化に伴う前記動作温度の変動を阻止することを特徴とする感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを開示する。また、ポリエステル系のＰＴＴは共重合および／または耐加水分解処理を施して使用し、これに酸化防止剤を添加することを特徴とする感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを提案する。換言すると、金属ケース外囲器と、この金属ケース外囲器の一端でかしめ固定した第１リード導出部と他端で絶縁ブッシングを介して固着した第２リード導出部を含む一対のリード部材と、金属ケース外囲器に収容されたスプリング体、可動導電体および感温ペレットを含むスイッチング部材を具備し、感温ペレットが軟化溶融する変形により所定の動作温度で一対のリード部材間の電気回路をカットオフする非復帰型温度ヒューズにおいて、感温ペレットは結晶性・熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂のＰＴＴからなる感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを提供する。ここで、感温成型材は酸化防止材が添加され、必要に応じ耐加水分解性を向上する処理を施し高温保管中の動作温度の上昇や劣化変質を阻止する感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを開示し、それにより高温保管中の動作温度の上昇や劣化変質を阻する。また、加水分解に伴う融点の低下を防止して製造工程のトラブル要因を解消する。したがって、本発明に係る感温成型材のＰＴＴは２２８±３℃の動作温度を有し、耐吸水性で変質防止することができる。動作温度の調整および設定にはスイッチング部材として用いるスプリング体のばね力が利用され、安定で高精度の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを提供する。特に、ペレット成形加工を容易にすると共に経時的変化による動作温度の変動を抑止し、製品の保管中や実使用中の劣化変質を阻止して製品間のばらつきを小さくして信頼性を高めた感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを提供する。 According to the present invention, the metal cylindrical envelope equipped with a pair of leads accommodates a temperature-sensitive pellet made of a thermoplastic resin and a switching member including a movable conductor to soften and melt the temperature-sensitive pellet. In a thermal fuse that slides off the movable conductor due to the accompanying shape deformation and cuts off the connection state between the leads at a predetermined operating temperature, PTT is used for the thermoplastic resin material, and storage in a high temperature state below the operating temperature Alternatively, a temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse is disclosed, which prevents the fluctuation of the operating temperature accompanying a change with time in normal maintenance. In addition, a temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse is proposed in which polyester PTT is used after being subjected to copolymerization and / or hydrolysis resistance, and an antioxidant is added thereto. In other words, a pair of lead members including a metal case envelope, a first lead lead portion fixed by caulking at one end of the metal case envelope, and a second lead lead portion fixed by an insulating bushing at the other end; An electric circuit between a pair of lead members at a predetermined operating temperature by a switching member including a spring body, a movable conductor, and a temperature-sensitive pellet housed in a metal case envelope; In the non-returning type thermal fuse that cuts off, the temperature sensitive pellet provides a temperature sensitive pellet type temperature fuse made of PTT of a crystalline / thermoplastic polyester resin. Here, the temperature sensitive molding material is added with an antioxidant, and if necessary, it is treated to improve hydrolysis resistance, and a temperature sensitive pellet type thermal fuse that prevents an increase in operating temperature and deterioration during high temperature storage is disclosed. This prevents the operating temperature from rising during high-temperature storage and deterioration. Moreover, the trouble of a manufacturing process is eliminated by preventing the melting | fusing point fall accompanying hydrolysis. Therefore, the PTT of the temperature-sensitive molding material according to the present invention has an operating temperature of 228 ± 3 ° C., and is water-absorbing and can prevent deterioration. A spring force of a spring body used as a switching member is used for adjusting and setting the operating temperature, and a stable and highly accurate temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse is provided. In particular, the pellet molding process has been facilitated, and fluctuations in operating temperature due to changes over time have been suppressed, and deterioration and deterioration during product storage and actual use have been prevented, reducing the variation between products and improving reliability. A temperature sensitive pellet type thermal fuse is provided.
本発明の別の観点において、感温成型材のＰＴＴは耐加水分解処理を施したり、共重合したりして使用することを特徴とする。一方、スイッチング部材の可動導電体は第１リード導出部に常時摺動接触する星形接点部と第２リード導出部に接離する中央接点部とを備える。また、スプリング体を構成する弱圧縮ばねと強圧縮ばねの押圧が前記可動導電体を介して正常時の感温ペレットに付与され、所定の動作温度を超えた異常時に感温ペレットが変形することで一対のリード部材間の電気的回路を遮断する。特に、２２０℃〜２３５℃に融解ピークを持つ熱可塑性樹脂としてＰＢＴ、ポリアミド６（ＰＡ６）があるが、本発明の特徴とするＰＴＴの使用は高温での安定性に関して、顕著な効果を発揮することを見出した。一般名の化学物質ポリエステルは、エステル結合（−ＣＯＯ−）を主鎖にもつ高分子物質であるが、ベース材料に各種の添加剤、可塑剤、強化材および充填材を補助材として添加し、所望する動作特性を得るように調整される。さらに、動作温度の微調整が主材料の選択以外に樹脂材の重合、共重合、可塑化あるいはブレンドや熱可塑性樹脂の合成・精製する際の触媒を変えることによっても動作温度を変えることができる。 In another aspect of the present invention, the PTT of the thermosensitive molding material is characterized by being used after being subjected to hydrolysis resistance or copolymerized. On the other hand, the movable conductor of the switching member includes a star contact portion that is always in sliding contact with the first lead lead portion and a central contact portion that is in contact with and away from the second lead lead portion. Further, the pressure of the weak compression spring and the strong compression spring constituting the spring body is applied to the normal temperature-sensitive pellet through the movable conductor, and the temperature-sensitive pellet is deformed in the event of an abnormality exceeding a predetermined operating temperature. The electrical circuit between the pair of lead members is interrupted with. In particular, PBT and polyamide 6 (PA6) are thermoplastic resins having a melting peak at 220 ° C. to 235 ° C., but the use of PTT, which is a feature of the present invention, exhibits a remarkable effect on stability at high temperatures. I found out. The general name chemical substance polyester is a polymer substance having an ester bond (—COO—) in the main chain, and various additives, plasticizers, reinforcing materials and fillers are added to the base material as auxiliary materials. Adjustments are made to obtain the desired operating characteristics. In addition to the selection of the main material, fine adjustment of the operating temperature can also change the operating temperature by changing the catalyst when polymerizing, copolymerizing, plasticizing or synthesizing and purifying blends and thermoplastic resins. .
本発明によれば、感温ペレットの感温成型材にポリエステル系樹脂のＰＴＴを選択して、従来の同系樹脂であるＰＢＴの使用に比べ動作温度の変動を抑止して安定化を図る。ＰＴＴとＰＢＴは融点がほぼ同じで２２８℃であるが、特に、結晶性の熱可塑性ポリエステル系樹脂のＰＴＴを用いることで温度ヒューズの経時変化に関して、高温下での保管や正常使用はもとより、高湿度雰囲気中に置かれても材料自身の変質や絶縁度の劣化を防ぐ。したがって、高温、高湿下での保管や正常な使用中での性能低下を防止し、経年変化による所定の動作温度の変動を抑え、信頼性の向上に寄与することを見出した。 According to the present invention, polyester-based resin PTT is selected as a temperature-sensitive molding material for temperature-sensitive pellets, and stabilization of operation is suppressed by suppressing fluctuations in operating temperature as compared with the use of PBT, which is a conventional similar resin. PTT and PBT have almost the same melting point and are 228 ° C., but especially with regard to the temporal change of the thermal fuse by using crystalline thermoplastic polyester resin PTT, not only storage at high temperature and normal use, but also high Prevents material deterioration and insulation degradation even when placed in a humid atmosphere. Therefore, the present inventors have found that the performance degradation during high temperature and high humidity storage and normal use is prevented, and the fluctuation of the predetermined operating temperature due to aging is suppressed, thereby contributing to the improvement of reliability.
本発明に係る温度ヒューズは熱可塑性樹脂のＰＴＴを使用し、強圧縮ばねおよび弱圧縮ばねを組み合わせたスプリング体による押圧力を変えて２２０〜２３５℃の動作温度に調整される。この結果、高信頼性が求められるアイロン、コーヒーメーカ等の市場電化製品の安全保護装置として利用できる。すなわち、熱可塑性樹脂のＰＴＴを主材に使用して感温ペレットとし、略２２８℃の動作温度を有する感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを提供する。本発明によれば、所定の動作温度域の設定と動作温度のばらつきが小さく高精度で迅速に作動するなど動作時の応答性を改善した感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを得る。 The thermal fuse according to the present invention uses a thermoplastic resin PTT, and is adjusted to an operating temperature of 220 to 235 ° C. by changing the pressing force by a spring body combining a strong compression spring and a weak compression spring. As a result, it can be used as a safety protection device for market electric appliances such as irons and coffee makers that require high reliability. That is, a temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse having an operating temperature of approximately 228 ° C. is provided by using PTT, which is a thermoplastic resin, as a main material to form a temperature-sensitive pellet. According to the present invention, a temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse having improved responsiveness during operation, such as setting a predetermined operating temperature range and operating with high accuracy and a small variation in operating temperature, is obtained.
本発明の実施形態は、金属ケース外囲器と、この金属ケース外囲器の一端でかしめ固定した第１リード導出部と他端で絶縁ブッシングを介して固着した第２リード導出部を含む一対のリード部材と、金属外囲器に収容されたスプリング体、可動導電体および感温ペレットを含むスイッチング部材を具備し、感温ペレットの感温成型材の軟化溶融により所定の動作温度で一対のリード部材間の電気回路をカットオフする非復帰型温度ヒューズにおいて、感温成型材は結晶性で熱可塑性のポリエステル樹脂のＰＴＴを使用して動作温度を２２０〜２３５℃に設定し、感温ペレットの熱変形によりスイッチング部材の可動導電体を作動して回路遮断させる感温ペレット型温度ヒューズである。すなわち、同系のＰＢＴやＰＡ６と比べて略同じ融点を有するＰＴＴを使用することで長期に亘って感温ペレット型温度ヒューズの信頼性を高めることが判明した。このために、高温状態で長時間保管した後でも動作温度の変動を抑止し、経時的影響の少ない安定な感温ペレットを提供する。具体的には、図１に示すように、金属ケース外囲器１２には一端開口側で固着した第１リード導出部１４と他端開口側でかしめ固定した第２リード導出部１６の一対のリード部材が取付けられ、この金属ケース外囲器１２内に感温ペレット１０と可動導電体２０と強弱ばね２４，２６を含むスプリング体とのスイッチング部材を収容して感温ペレット型温度ヒューズが構成される。ここで、感温ペレット１０は結晶性熱可塑性樹脂のポリエステル系樹脂のＰＴＴが感温成型材の主材料に使用され、２２０〜２３５℃の動作温度を有する感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを提供する。
An embodiment of the present invention includes a pair of a metal case envelope, a first lead lead-out portion caulked and fixed at one end of the metal case envelope, and a second lead lead-out portion fixed at the other end via an insulating bushing. And a switching member including a spring body, a movable conductor, and a temperature-sensitive pellet housed in a metal envelope, and a pair of members at a predetermined operating temperature by softening and melting the temperature-sensitive molding material of the temperature-sensitive pellet. In a non-returnable thermal fuse that cuts off the electrical circuit between the lead members, the thermosensitive molding material is made of crystalline and thermoplastic polyester resin PTT and the operating temperature is set to 220 to 235 ° C. This is a temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse that operates the movable conductor of the switching member by thermal deformation of the circuit member to interrupt the circuit. That is, it has been found that the use of PTT having substantially the same melting point compared to similar PBT and PA6 improves the reliability of the temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse over a long period of time. For this reason, a stable temperature-sensitive pellet with little influence over time is provided by suppressing fluctuations in the operating temperature even after being stored at a high temperature for a long time. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the
ここで、ペレットの感温成型材はＰＴＴを主材とするが酸化防止材が添加される。また、ＰＴＴは耐加水分解処理をして用いることが望ましく、それによって、高温保管中の動作温度の上昇や劣化を防ぎ、加水分解に伴う融点の低下を抑止して製造工程上の劣化問題を解消する。動作温度の設定は補助材の可塑剤や充填材の添加により調整できる。また、重合、共重合、可塑化あるいはブレンドや熱可塑性樹脂の合成・精製する際の触媒を変えることによっても動作温度を変えることができる。これにより、安定で高精度の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズが得られる。また、ペレット成形加工を容易にし、経時的変化を抑止するとともに製品の保管中や実使用中の劣化を阻止して製品間のばらつきを小さくする。 Here, the pellet temperature-sensitive molding material is mainly made of PTT, but an antioxidant is added. In addition, it is desirable that PTT be used after being subjected to hydrolysis resistance, thereby preventing an increase in operating temperature and deterioration during high-temperature storage, and preventing a decrease in melting point due to hydrolysis, thereby causing deterioration problems in the manufacturing process. Eliminate. The operating temperature can be adjusted by adding an auxiliary plasticizer or filler. The operating temperature can also be changed by changing the catalyst used for polymerization, copolymerization, plasticization, or blending or synthesis / purification of thermoplastic resins. Thereby, a stable and highly accurate temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse is obtained. In addition, it facilitates pellet molding, suppresses changes over time, and prevents deterioration during storage and actual use of the product, thereby reducing variation between products.
本発明の着眼点は高温保管による動作温度への影響において顕著な差異を見出したことにある。感温成型材が同じ結晶性熱可塑性ポリエステル系樹脂であっても、ＰＴＴとＰＢＴはそれぞれが高温状態での処理時間を経過した後、それぞれのペレットを組み込んだ温度ヒューズにおいて動作温度の変動が明白に表れ、明らかに効果上の差異を生ずる結果に着目したことである。これは、従来のＰＢＴに代えてＰＴＴを使用することを提案するものであり、それにより、従来のＰＢＴ使用の場合に生ずる動作温度の低下を回避することにある。また、感温ペレット型温度ヒューズは、スプリング体のばねによる押圧を利用することで所定の動作温度を微調整できるが、凡そ２２８℃の融点をもつＰＴＴについては、補外融解開始温度（Ｔｉｍ）と補外融解終了温度（Ｔｅｍ）から任意に動作温度を決めることもできる。しかし、本発明は材料の選定において、高温状態の過去の履歴（処理時間経過）によって動作温度変動に明らかな影響を与えることを見出し、この結果をもってＰＴＴがＰＢＴに比べて明らかに有利であることを見出した。 The point of the present invention is that a remarkable difference was found in the influence on the operating temperature by high temperature storage. Even if the temperature-sensitive molding material is the same crystalline thermoplastic polyester resin, the operating temperature of PTT and PBT is clearly changed in the thermal fuse in which each pellet is incorporated after the processing time at high temperature has elapsed. This is a result of paying attention to the result that clearly shows a difference in effectiveness. This proposes to use PTT instead of conventional PBT, thereby avoiding a decrease in operating temperature that occurs when using conventional PBT. In addition, the temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse can finely adjust the predetermined operating temperature by utilizing the spring pressure of the spring body, but for PTT having a melting point of about 228 ° C., extrapolated melting start temperature (Tim) The operating temperature can be arbitrarily determined from the extrapolation melting end temperature (Tem). However, the present invention finds that in the selection of materials, the past temperature history (processing time) has a clear influence on the operating temperature fluctuation, and as a result, PTT is clearly advantageous over PBT. I found.
熱変形温度の選択は、ＰＴＴの融点でほぼ決定されるが、以下に示す方法によってさらに動作温度を２２０〜２３５℃の範囲内で調整できる。まず、ＰＴＴに可塑剤を添加して熱変形温度を下げることができる。また、補助材としての添加剤、強化材および充填材によって熱変形温度を上げることも可能である。以上のような手法を用いることによって熱変形温度を調整し、感温ペレット型温度ヒューズの動作温度を調整することができる。 The selection of the heat distortion temperature is almost determined by the melting point of PTT, but the operating temperature can be further adjusted within the range of 220 to 235 ° C. by the method described below. First, a plasticizer can be added to PTT to lower the heat distortion temperature. It is also possible to increase the heat distortion temperature by using additives, reinforcing materials and fillers as auxiliary materials. By using the method as described above, the thermal deformation temperature can be adjusted, and the operating temperature of the temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse can be adjusted.
また、補助材としての添加剤、強化材および充填材の３つに分類される樹脂用副資材があるが、添加剤には一般的に酸化防止剤、熱安定剤、光安定剤、結晶核剤、相溶化剤、着色剤、抗菌剤、抗カビ剤、滑剤、発泡剤がある。注目の添加材は酸化防止剤、熱安定剤、結晶化度をあげる結晶核剤および温度帯を識別する着色剤がある。強化材には、マイカ、炭酸カルシウム、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、アラミド繊維等があり、これらは共重合やエラストマーで感温ペレットが必要以上に軟化した場合や高温での感温ペレットの物理的な寸法安定性を維持する必要がある際に添加する。充填材にはタルク、クレー、炭酸カルシウム等の増量剤があり、増量剤は樹脂原料のコストを抑えるために樹脂中に加える。他に樹脂が燃え難くするための難燃剤、樹脂が電気を蓄えないように混入する帯電防止剤がある。 In addition, there are sub-materials for resins classified into additives, reinforcing materials, and fillers as auxiliary materials. Generally, additives are antioxidants, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, crystal nuclei. Agents, compatibilizers, colorants, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, lubricants, foaming agents. Additives of interest include antioxidants, thermal stabilizers, crystal nucleating agents that increase crystallinity, and colorants that identify temperature zones. Reinforcing materials include mica, calcium carbonate, glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, etc. These are copolymerized or elastomeric when the temperature sensitive pellets are softened more than necessary or when the temperature sensitive pellets are physically exposed to high temperatures. It is added when dimensional stability needs to be maintained. Fillers include bulking agents such as talc, clay, calcium carbonate, and the bulking agent is added to the resin in order to reduce the cost of the resin raw material. In addition, there are a flame retardant for making the resin difficult to burn, and an antistatic agent mixed so that the resin does not store electricity.
図１および図２は本発明に係る感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを示し、それぞれ常温の平常時Ａと加温の異常時Ｂにおける温度ヒューズの部分断面図である。図１に示すように、この実施例では本発明の特徴であるＰＴＴ（融点略２２８℃）が感温成型材の主材料に使用された。具体的には結晶性熱可塑性樹脂であるポリエステル系樹脂の内ＰＴＴを使用して感温ペレット１０に成形加工された。実施例に示す感温ペレット型温度ヒューズは、この感温ペレット１０を後述するヒューズ機能部材とともに円筒型金属外囲器１２に収容して構成される。金属外囲器１２は一対のリード部材が取り付けられる。すなわち、その一端開口側に第１リード導出部１４が固着され、他端開口側に第２リード導出部１６がかしめ固定されて一対のリード部材を構成する。第１リード導出部１４は絶縁ブッシング１７を貫通して金属外囲器１２と絶縁され内部に伸び、その先端１５が第１電極として形成される。第１リード導出部１４の外部導出には保護用絶縁碍管１８が配置され外囲器開口を封着する封止樹脂１９により固着封止される。一方、第２リード導出部１６は金属外囲器１２と直接かしめにより密着固定され、外囲器自体の内面が第２電極として形成される。金属外囲器１２に収容されるヒューズ機能部材には、前述する感温ペレット１０、中央接点部と星形周辺接点部を有する可動導電体２０および強圧縮ばね２４と弱圧縮ばね２６を含むスプリング体がある。ここで、強弱圧縮ばねのスプリング体は、常温時は図１（Ａ）に示すように、強圧縮ばね２４が弱圧縮ばね２６の弾性力に抗して可動導電体２０を第１電極に押圧接触させている。特に、強圧縮ばね２４はその両側に押圧板２８および２９を介在して感温ペレット１０および可動接点体２０の間に配置され、組立の容易化と共にばね動作の安定化が図られる。加温に伴う異常時は、図２（Ｂ）に示すように、軟化または溶融した感温ペレット１１が変形して弱圧縮ばね２６の押圧力が作用して可動導電体２０を移動させる。このとき強圧縮ばね２４はそのストローク範囲からばねが解放され、弱圧縮ばね２６のストローク範囲内で押圧力が可動導電体２０を押して外囲器内面の第２電極上を摺動する。この可動導電体の移動は可動導電体２０と第１電極１５とが離反して電気回路をＯＦＦ状態にスイッチングする。なお、図示される実施例は常時ＯＮ−異常時ＯＦＦの非復帰タイプの感温ペレット型温度ヒューズを構成する。
1 and 2 show a temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse according to the present invention, and are partial sectional views of a thermal fuse at normal temperature A during normal temperature and abnormal heating time B, respectively. As shown in FIG. 1, in this example, PTT (melting point: approximately 228 ° C.), which is a feature of the present invention, was used as the main material of the temperature-sensitive molding material. Specifically, it was molded into a temperature-
ここで、感温成型材に使用する結晶性熱可塑性ポリエステル系樹脂にＰＴＴが選ばれた根拠を示すため、同系の樹脂ＰＢＴと対比して、その適性について検証する。図３および図４は２００℃の高温状態、および８５℃９５％Ｒ．Ｈ．の高温高湿状態で保管経過後の感温ペレットに関する温度ヒューズ動作温度の変化を示す特性図である。各図において、それぞれ異なる樹脂材のＰＴＴおよびＰＢＴで造られた感温ペレットを使用したものである。すなわち、感温ペレットを２００℃の高温オーブン中と、８５℃９５％Ｒ．Ｈ．の高湿槽中とにそれぞれ任意の時間保管した後、所定のプロセスを経て温度ヒューズとして組み込み動作温度を測定した。具体的には保管時間が初期（０時間）、２４時間、１６８時間および２１６０時間経過後にそれぞれ取り出した感温ペレットを温度ヒューズに組み込んでいる。これらの実験試料について、感温成型材としてＰＴＴおよびＰＢＴの材料選定以外の使用部品に関しては、市販品のエヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社製感温ペレット型温度ヒューズ（商品名ＳＥＦＵＳＥ：登録商標）に使用する部品を利用しており、構造的に同様なものにした。 Here, in order to show the grounds for selecting PTT as the crystalline thermoplastic polyester resin used for the temperature-sensitive molding material, its suitability is verified in comparison with the similar resin PBT. 3 and 4 show a high temperature state of 200 ° C. and 85 ° C. 95% R.D. H. It is a characteristic view which shows the change of the temperature fuse operating temperature regarding the temperature sensitive pellet after progress storage in a high temperature, high humidity state. In each figure, temperature-sensitive pellets made of different resin materials PTT and PBT are used. That is, the temperature-sensitive pellets were placed in a high-temperature oven at 200 ° C. and 85 ° C. and 95% R.D. H. After being stored in a high-humidity tank for an arbitrary time, a built-in thermal fuse was measured through a predetermined process, and the operating temperature was measured. Specifically, the temperature-sensitive pellets taken out after the initial storage time (0 hour), 24 hours, 168 hours, and 2160 hours are incorporated into the thermal fuse. With respect to these experimental samples, the parts used other than the material selection of PTT and PBT as temperature-sensitive molding materials are used for commercially available temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuses (trade name SEFUSE: registered trademark) manufactured by NC Shot Components Co., Ltd. It uses parts and is structurally similar.
まず、表１および表２は感温成型材のＰＴＴおよびＰＢＴによる感温ペレットを高温環境下に曝された場合の温度ヒューズの影響を示すものである。それぞれに熱感温材の異なる感温ペレットの保管時間と温度ヒューズ動作温度の実測値を示し、これらの表１および表２をグラフに示したのが図３の特性図である。図３には本発明に係るＰＴＴの感温ペレットを使用した温度ヒューズが実線で示され、点線で示すＰＢＴの感温ペレットを使用した温度ヒューズとの差異を示す。図３から明らかなように、２００℃の高温状態での保管環境下ではＰＴＴとＰＢＴの差異は保管時間が長いほど初期動作温度からの変化が大きく、保管時間が２０００時間を越えると動作温度が平均値で１２℃以上の変化が生じて実用上支障をきたすことがわかる。ここでＰＴＴは旭化成から市販されているタイプ１０Ｎ００を使用し、ＰＢＴはＧＥプラスチックスのバロックス３１０が使用され、温度ヒューズの実験用試料数は５ｐｃｓで実施した。換言すると、それぞれの樹脂材で加工された感温成型材のペレットは、２００℃のオーブン中で所定の保管時間高温状態に曝され、その後所定通りに温度ヒューズとして組み込まれて動作温度が測定された。温度ヒューズの作製では熱伝導性良好な導体で作られた金属ケース外囲器に対し、その両開口側に第１および第２リード導出部からなる一対のリード部材が取付けられる。次いで、金属ケース外囲器１２内には本発明のＰＴＴ、または従来のＰＢＴの感温ペレットがそれぞれ適度の弾性をもつ中央と周辺に接点部を有する銀合金製可動導電体、強弱圧縮ばねのスプリング体を含むスイッチ機能部品が収容され、温度ヒューズに試作される。
First, Table 1 and Table 2 show the influence of the thermal fuse when the temperature sensitive pellets made of PTT and PBT of the temperature sensitive molding material are exposed to a high temperature environment. FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing the storage time of the temperature-sensitive pellets having different heat-sensitive materials and the actual measured values of the operating temperature of the thermal fuse, and Table 1 and Table 2 are shown as graphs. FIG. 3 shows a temperature fuse using a PTT temperature-sensitive pellet according to the present invention by a solid line, and shows a difference from a temperature fuse using a PBT temperature-sensitive pellet indicated by a dotted line. As is apparent from FIG. 3, in the storage environment at a high temperature of 200 ° C., the difference between the PTT and the PBT is more greatly changed from the initial operating temperature as the storage time is longer, and when the storage time exceeds 2000 hours, the operating temperature is increased. It can be seen that the average value changes 12 ° C. or more, which causes practical problems. Here, type 10N00 commercially available from Asahi Kasei was used as the PTT, GE Plastics Baroques 310 was used as the PBT, and the number of experimental samples for the thermal fuse was 5 pcs. In other words, the pellets of the temperature-sensitive molding material processed with the respective resin materials are exposed to a high temperature state for a predetermined storage time in an oven at 200 ° C., and then incorporated as a temperature fuse in a predetermined manner to measure the operating temperature. It was. In manufacturing the thermal fuse, a pair of lead members including first and second lead lead-out portions are attached to both opening sides of a metal case envelope made of a conductor having good thermal conductivity. Next, in the
ＰＴＴ使用の温度ヒューズの特性実測値（２００℃保管の場合）
ＰＢＴ使用の温度ヒューズの特性実測値（２００℃保管の場合）
次に、表３および表４は感温成型材のＰＴＴおよびＰＢＴによる感温ペレットを高温高湿環境下に曝された場合の温度ヒューズの影響を示すものである。前述する高温状態に対して高温高湿状態での保管による影響を示す。それぞれに感温成型材の異なる感温ペレットの保管時間と温度ヒューズ動作温度の実測値を示し、これらの表３および表４をグラフに示すのが図４の特性図である。図４には本発明に係るＰＴＴの感温ペレットを使用した温度ヒューズが実線で示され、点線で示すＰＢＴの感温ペレットを使用した温度ヒューズとの差異を示す。図４から明らかなように、８５℃９５％Ｒ．Ｈ．状態での保管環境下ではＰＴＴとＰＢＴの差異は保管時間が長いほど動作温度の変化が大きく、保管時間が２０００時間を越えると動作温度が平均値で１４℃以上の変化が生じて実用上の支障をきたす。なお、実験用試料数は５ｐｃｓで実施している。 Next, Tables 3 and 4 show the influence of the thermal fuse when the temperature-sensitive pellets made of PTT and PBT of the temperature-sensitive molding material are exposed to a high temperature and high humidity environment. The influence by storage in a high temperature and high humidity state is shown with respect to the high temperature state mentioned above. The storage time of the temperature-sensitive pellets having different temperature-sensitive molding materials and the actual measured values of the operating temperature of the temperature fuse are shown, and Table 3 and Table 4 are shown in the graph of FIG. FIG. 4 shows a temperature fuse using the PTT temperature-sensitive pellet according to the present invention by a solid line, and shows a difference from the temperature fuse using the PBT temperature-sensitive pellet shown by a dotted line. As is apparent from FIG. H. Under the storage environment in the state, the difference between PTT and PBT is that the longer the storage time, the greater the change in the operating temperature. When the storage time exceeds 2000 hours, the operating temperature changes to an average value of 14 ° C. or more. It will cause trouble. Note that the number of experimental samples is 5 pcs.
ＰＴＴ使用の温度ヒューズの特性実測値（８５℃９５％Ｒ．Ｈ．保管の場合）
ＰＢＴ使用の温度ヒューズの特性実測値（８５℃９５％Ｒ．Ｈ．保管の場合）
次に、本発明における添加物としての酸化防止剤についてはペレットの変質を抑止する上で必要なものであり、補助材として使用される。また、補助材として、可塑剤や充填材の添加は感温ペレットの劣化防止に役立つほか、添加量や材質により熱変形温度を変えるので動作温度の微調整に利用することができる。ただし、ＰＴＴ自体の有効な効果を発揮させるためには、添加量を重量で５％以内にすることが望まれる。 Next, the antioxidant as an additive in the present invention is necessary for suppressing the alteration of the pellet, and is used as an auxiliary material. As an auxiliary material, the addition of a plasticizer or a filler is useful for preventing deterioration of the temperature-sensitive pellets, and the heat deformation temperature is changed depending on the addition amount and the material, so that it can be used for fine adjustment of the operating temperature. However, in order to exhibit the effective effect of PTT itself, it is desirable that the addition amount be within 5% by weight.
さらに、感温ペレットの加水分解の抑制効果や表面からのガス発生防止効果を得るために、感温ペレットの表面の一部、好ましくは全面をフッ素樹脂またはガラス等の安定物質で覆うためにコーティングすることが提案される。具体的にはフッ素樹脂である旭硝子製サイトップ（商品名）をペレット表面に塗布した試作実験では加水分解の抑止効果と考えられる実験結果がえられた。すなわち、コーティング処理をしない場合には、高温高湿状態で保管後の動作温度が２１６０時間保管で１．５℃下がる変化が認められたのに対してコーティングすることで０．６℃の変化に抑制された。この実験試作の実測結果が表５に示され、長期（２１６０時間保管）に亘って高温高湿（８５℃９５％Ｒ．Ｈ．）状態に曝されてもコーティングすることで動作温度がほとんど影響されないことが判明した。 Furthermore, in order to obtain the effect of suppressing hydrolysis of the temperature-sensitive pellets and the effect of preventing gas generation from the surface, it is coated to cover part of the surface of the temperature-sensitive pellets, preferably the entire surface with a stable material such as fluororesin or glass. Proposed to do. Specifically, in a prototype experiment in which Asahi Glass Cytop (trade name), which is a fluororesin, was applied to the pellet surface, an experimental result considered to be an effect of inhibiting hydrolysis was obtained. In other words, when the coating treatment was not performed, the operating temperature after storage in a high temperature and high humidity state was found to change by 1.5 ° C. after storage for 2160 hours, whereas the coating changed to 0.6 ° C. Suppressed. The actual measurement results of this experimental trial are shown in Table 5, and the operating temperature is almost affected by coating even if exposed to high temperature and high humidity (85 ° C 95% RH) for a long period (2160 hours storage). Turned out not to be.
コーティング処理をした温度ヒューズの特性実測値（８５℃９５％Ｒ．Ｈ．保管の場合）
さらにまた、本発明におけるＰＴＴの結晶化度についても同様な試験からその結晶化性の度合いの影響が検証され、事実上結晶化度の高いものが好ましい。結晶性の度合いは結晶化度と呼び、試料は結晶化度１０％〜４０％の感温成型材６種類を選び、前述同様にエヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社製の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズ（商品名ＳＥＦＵＳＥ：登録商標）に組み込み動作温度を測定した。１０ｐｃｓの試作による測定結果から動作温度の最大値と最小値の温度差を動作温度のばらつき（Ｒ）で影響が認められ、結晶化度は２０％以上であるのが望ましいと判明した。 Furthermore, regarding the crystallinity of PTT in the present invention, the influence of the degree of crystallinity is verified from the same test, and a crystal having a high crystallinity is preferable. The degree of crystallinity is called crystallinity, and samples are selected from 6 types of temperature-sensitive molding materials with crystallinity of 10% to 40%. As described above, the temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse (trade name) manufactured by NC Shot Components Co., Ltd. Built-in SEFUSE (registered trademark) and measured the operating temperature. From the measurement results of the 10 pcs prototype, it was found that the temperature difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the operating temperature was affected by the variation (R) in the operating temperature, and the crystallinity was desirably 20% or more.
１０；感温ペレット、 １２；金属外囲器、 １４；第１リード導出部、
１５；先端部、 １６；第２リード導出部、 １７；絶縁ブッシング、
１８；絶縁碍管、 １９；封止樹脂、 ２０；可動導電体、
２４；強圧縮ばね（スプリング体）、 ２６弱圧縮ばね（スプリング体）、
２８、２９；押圧板
Ａ…正常常温時の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズ（作動前）
Ｂ…異常温度上昇後の感温ペレット型温度ヒューズ（作動後）
10; temperature-sensitive pellet; 12; metal envelope; 14; first lead lead-out part;
15; tip portion, 16; second lead lead-out portion, 17; insulating bushing,
18; Insulating soot tube, 19; Sealing resin, 20; Movable conductor,
24; strong compression spring (spring body), 26 weak compression spring (spring body),
28, 29; pressure plate A ... temperature-sensitive pellet type temperature fuse at normal room temperature (before operation)
B ... Temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse after abnormal temperature rise (after operation)
Claims (6)
2. The temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse according to claim 1, wherein a part or the whole of the surface of the temperature-sensitive pellet is coated with fluororesin or glass.
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| CN115873386A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-03-31 | 广东金驭科技有限公司 | Composite organic temperature sensing material, preparation method thereof and fuse |
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| JP2001049092A (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2001-02-20 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Polyester block copolymer composition and heat sensing material |
| JP2004196998A (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-15 | Wintech Polymer Ltd | Flame-retardant resin composition |
| JP2005158681A (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-06-16 | Nec Schott Components Corp | Temperature-sensitive pellet type thermal fuse and manufacturing method of temperature-sensitive pellet |
| WO2007123095A1 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-11-01 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Biaxially oriented polyester film for forming members |
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| CN111272308A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-12 | 南京贺斯利科技有限公司 | Self-powered wireless temperature measuring device and assembling and temperature measuring method thereof |
| CN115873386A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-03-31 | 广东金驭科技有限公司 | Composite organic temperature sensing material, preparation method thereof and fuse |
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