JP2009150632A - Structure and shape of indirect vaporization type cooler - Google Patents
Structure and shape of indirect vaporization type cooler Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
空気を加湿すると気化現象が生じ潜熱が奪われる事により、その空気の湿球温度迄空気の温度は冷却される。しかし、同時に被冷却空気は加湿される。この原理は加湿冷却として広く認められ、それを利用した気化式冷却器も広く作られ販売されている。
加湿を望まない場合には、加湿冷却されるゾーンと被冷却空気の通るゾーンを分離し、加湿冷却ゾーンで冷却された温度を熱交換により、被冷却空気のゾーンに伝えて、被冷却ゾーンの空気の顕熱のみを冷却するという方式。いわゆる、間接式気化式冷却器という製品も既に製作販売されている。When air is humidified, a vaporization phenomenon occurs and latent heat is taken away, whereby the temperature of the air is cooled to the wet bulb temperature of the air. However, at the same time, the air to be cooled is humidified. This principle is widely recognized as humidification cooling, and vaporizing coolers using it are widely made and sold.
If humidification is not desired, separate the zone to be cooled from the zone through which the air to be cooled passes and transfer the temperature cooled in the humidified cooling zone to the zone to be cooled by heat exchange. A system that cools only the sensible heat of air. A so-called indirect vaporizer cooler has already been manufactured and sold.
間接式気化式冷却器にて、被冷却空気をその空気の露点温度迄下げる事は理論上可能であるが、実際の機器にてそれを実現する為には下記の課題がある。
(1)ウエット・チャネルにおいて、気化現象を最大に生じせしめる事。
(2)ウエット・チャネルで発生する冷却熱を、ドライ・チャネルを通過する被冷却空気に最大限の熱交換効率で伝達する事。
(3)空気を吸う機器であるので、商業用を考える時機器の圧力損失を最小にする事。
(4)安価に大量生産に適する製作方法の考案。
(5)気化現象を起こさせる為に必要な使用水量を最小限に抑える事。Although it is theoretically possible to lower the air to be cooled to the dew point temperature of the air with an indirect vaporizer cooler, there are the following problems in order to realize it with actual equipment.
(1) To maximize vaporization in the wet channel.
(2) The cooling heat generated in the wet channel is transferred to the cooled air passing through the dry channel with the maximum heat exchange efficiency.
(3) Since this is a device that sucks air, minimize the pressure loss of the device when considering commercial use.
(4) Devising a manufacturing method suitable for mass production at low cost.
(5) Minimize the amount of water used to cause vaporization.
前記の課題を解決する手段として
(1)空気と空気の熱交換を行わす方式としては、大別して直交流による方式と並流方式及び向流方式がある。
一般に、並流又は向流方式の方が直交型方式より熱交換効率が良いと認められている。又、並流と向流にあっては向流の方が、熱交換効率が良いと認められているので本発明においては向流方式とする。
(2)ウエット・チャネルにおいて最大限の気化現象を生じさせる為には、(イ)水の供給方法(ロ)滲み出し方式(ハ)流路の長さ、流速、分流率の適切な選定が必要である。
実験値によるテスト分析の結果、流路長300mm、流路幅200mm、流路高2〜3mm、流速1〜4秒が適正値と判定。
(3)ウエット・チャネルとドライ・チャネルの間で、湿度・水分の移動があってはならないので、隔壁の為の基盤としては水を遠さないポリプロヒレン等のプラスチックを使用する。このプラスチックの隔壁は熱交換効率を最大にする為に、厚み0.3mm程度のものとする。
(4)空気の流れを作る為に、ウエット・チャネル及びドライ・チャネルには、2〜3mm高の空間を作る事が必要であるが、この為にはプラスチックで一体成型が可能である様に、直径5mm高3mm程度の円型のスペーサーとする。
(5)円型のスペーサーは空気に乱流渦を作る要因となる。チャネル内を通る空気は可能な限り整流が望ましいので、円型スペーサーにより生じる乱流渦を整流化する為の手段として、ゴルフのディンプルの如き、小さなディンプル(くぼみ)を基盤に付ける事により整流化する。ディンプルのサイズは直径1.8mm高0.3mm程度とする。
(6)上述のディンプル(くぼみ)は整流化の為のみならず、熱交換面積を大きくする効果がある。
(7)プラスチックの基盤の上に、水を湿潤させる為の膜層が必要である。この膜層を作る為には織布又は不織布を使用する。材料はセルロース等の紙又はポリプロピレンが適当である。膜層の厚みとしては0.2mm〜0.5mm位が適当。この膜層をウエット・チャネルのプラスチック基盤に接着若しくは、熱圧着により接合する。
(8)気化現象を最大に生じせしめる為には、ウエット・チャネルに導入される水量はじわっと湿っている程度が適正であり、水が流れる様な状態では気化現象が逆に少なくなってしまう。その為には、湿潤膜である織布、不織布、セルロース等の紙に予め吸着剤(水の吸脱着の高い)を含浸させておき、湿潤膜に水を保持させておく方法がある。
(9)ウエット・チャネル及びドライ・チャネルに空気を流す方法については、ドライ・チャネルは常に一方向に空気を流す。このドライ・チャネルを通過する空気の一部をウエット・チャネルに流し込む方法としては、色々な方法が考えられるが、本発明においてはドライ・チャネルの空気の出口側において、機外に静圧を加えるだけで、一部の空気は開口しているウエット・チャネルに流入する事が判明した。ウエット・チャネル側に導入する空気の量は、ドライ・チャネルを流れる空気量の30〜50%が適切である。ドライ・チャネルの出口側の機外静圧を変化させる事で、ドライ・チャネルから出てくる空気の一部をウエット・チャネルに流入させる方式とする。実験値によると機外静圧として、90〜100パスカル程度の静圧をかけると、ウエット・チャネルに約30%の空気が流れ込む。又、ウエット・チャネルに流入した空気は、ウエット・チャネル内で気化現象を生じさせた後はウエット・チャネルの排気口より機外へ排気される。
(10)外気だけを利用する場合以外に、温湿度条件の良い室内からのリターン空気を利用する場合もある。この場合はリターン空気を外気と混合して使用するのでなく、条件の良いリターン空気のみをウエット・チャネルに流入させる事により、ドライ・チャネルを通過する空気の温度を更に低くさせる方法がある。
この為には、ウエット・チャネルの排気口よりウエット・チャネル内にリターン空気を導入し、ウエット・チャネル内を通し、気化現象を生じせしめた後で、ウエット・チャネルの排気口とは反対側に別の排気口を設けてそこから排気させる方法とする。As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, (1) methods for performing heat exchange between air and air are roughly classified into a cross-flow method, a parallel flow method and a counter-current method.
In general, it is recognized that the parallel flow or counter flow system has better heat exchange efficiency than the orthogonal system. In addition, in the case of the parallel flow and the counter flow, the counter flow is recognized as being better in heat exchange efficiency.
(2) In order to generate the maximum vaporization phenomenon in the wet channel, (b) water supply method (b) oozing method (c) appropriate selection of channel length, flow velocity, and flow rate is necessary.
As a result of the test analysis based on the experimental values, the flow path length of 300 mm, the flow path width of 200 mm, the flow path height of 2 to 3 mm, and the flow rate of 1 to 4 seconds are determined to be appropriate values.
(3) Since there should be no humidity / moisture transfer between the wet channel and the dry channel, a plastic such as polypropylene that does not keep water away is used as the base for the partition wall. The plastic partition is about 0.3 mm thick in order to maximize the heat exchange efficiency.
(4) In order to create an air flow, it is necessary to create a space of 2 to 3 mm high in the wet channel and the dry channel. For this purpose, it is possible to integrally mold with plastic. A circular spacer having a diameter of 5 mm and a height of about 3 mm is used.
(5) Circular spacers cause turbulent vortices in the air. Since the air passing through the channel should be rectified as much as possible, it can be rectified by attaching a small dimple (such as a golf dimple) to the base as a means to rectify the turbulent vortex generated by the circular spacer. To do. The dimple size is about 1.8 mm in diameter and about 0.3 mm in height.
(6) The above dimples (indentations) are effective not only for rectification but also for increasing the heat exchange area.
(7) A film layer for wetting water is required on the plastic substrate. In order to make this membrane layer, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric is used. The material is suitably paper such as cellulose or polypropylene. The thickness of the membrane layer is suitably about 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. This film layer is bonded to the plastic substrate of the wet channel by bonding or thermocompression bonding.
(8) In order to maximize the vaporization phenomenon, it is appropriate that the amount of water introduced into the wet channel is moderately moist, and the vaporization phenomenon is reduced when water flows. . For this purpose, there is a method in which paper such as woven fabric, non-woven fabric, and cellulose, which is a wet film, is impregnated with an adsorbent (high water absorption and desorption) in advance and water is retained in the wet film.
(9) Regarding the method of flowing air to the wet channel and the dry channel, the dry channel always flows air in one direction. Various methods are conceivable as a method for flowing a part of the air passing through the dry channel into the wet channel. In the present invention, a static pressure is applied to the outside on the air outlet side of the dry channel. It turns out that some of the air flows into the open wet channel. The amount of air introduced to the wet channel side is suitably 30 to 50% of the amount of air flowing through the dry channel. By changing the external static pressure on the outlet side of the dry channel, a part of the air coming out of the dry channel is introduced into the wet channel. According to the experimental values, when a static pressure of about 90 to 100 Pascal is applied as the external static pressure, about 30% of the air flows into the wet channel. The air flowing into the wet channel is exhausted from the exhaust port of the wet channel to the outside after causing a vaporization phenomenon in the wet channel.
(10) In addition to the case where only the outside air is used, there is a case where return air from a room with good temperature and humidity conditions is used. In this case, there is a method in which the temperature of the air passing through the dry channel is further lowered by allowing only the return air having a good condition to flow into the wet channel, instead of using the return air mixed with the outside air.
For this purpose, return air is introduced into the wet channel from the exhaust outlet of the wet channel, and after passing through the wet channel to cause a vaporization phenomenon, on the side opposite to the exhaust outlet of the wet channel. Another exhaust port is provided and exhausted from there.
(1)本発明品を試作テストした結果、在来の直交型間接式気化式冷却器と比較した場合、下記のデータが得られた。
(イ)冷却効果が約30%アップした。
(ロ)機内圧損は約1/3となった。
(2)プラスチックの成型品を使う方式が可能となり、大量生産が容易になり且つ、安価に生産しうる。(1) As a result of trial production test of the product of the present invention, the following data was obtained when compared with a conventional orthogonal indirect vaporization type cooler.
(B) The cooling effect has been increased by about 30%.
(B) The in-machine pressure loss was about 1/3.
(2) A method using a plastic molded product becomes possible, which facilitates mass production and can be produced at low cost.
本機を製作する際の製作図面を例示する。
(図−1)基盤形状図
(図−2)形状寸法図The production drawing when this machine is manufactured is illustrated.
(Fig. 1) Shape of base plate (Fig. 2) Dimensions of shape
(イ)本機は、水の気化現象のみを利用して空気の冷却を行うものであり、一切の冷媒ガスを使用していない。冷媒ガスの使用は地球温暖化の一因とされており、CO2削減に絶大な効果をもたらす。又、圧縮機を使用しない為に電気、ガス等のエネルギーを一切使用しないので利用価値は極めて広い。
(ロ)外気を直接処理する使用方法の他に、デシカント空調機で除湿された空気をこの間接式気化式冷却器に導入して利用する方法がある。この間接式気化式冷却器のその冷却性能は、入口空気の露点温度が低ければ低い程、気化現象が多く発生するので出口温度は下がり、入口空気の露点を下げる為にデシカント空調機を利用し、デシカント空調機により露点を下げた空気を加湿する事なく、この間接式気化式冷却器で温度を下げるシステムは極めて外調機として利用価値は高い。(B) This machine cools air using only the vaporization phenomenon of water and does not use any refrigerant gas. The use of refrigerant gas is considered to be a cause of global warming and has a great effect on CO2 reduction. Further, since no compressor, no energy such as electricity and gas is used, the utility value is very wide.
(B) In addition to the usage method of directly treating the outside air, there is a method of using the air dehumidified by the desiccant air conditioner by introducing it into this indirect vaporizer cooler. The cooling performance of this indirect vaporizer is that the lower the dew point temperature of the inlet air, the more the vaporization phenomenon occurs, so the outlet temperature decreases, and a desiccant air conditioner is used to lower the dew point of the inlet air. The system that lowers the temperature with this indirect evaporative cooler without humidifying the air whose dew point has been lowered by the desiccant air conditioner is extremely useful as an external conditioner.
Claims (7)
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CN102168929A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-08-31 | 株式会社地球清洁东北 | Indirect evaporative cooling apparatus |
CN102288050A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-12-21 | 西安工程大学 | Falling-film-full-liquid composite-type pipe-type indirect evaporative cooler |
CN102803890A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2012-11-28 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Raw plate material for heat-exchanging plate, and method for fabricating raw plate material for heat-exchanging plate |
JP2013111027A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-10 | Fulta Electric Machinery Co Ltd | Food drier |
JP2017521629A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-08-03 | キュンドン ナビエン シーオー.,エルティーディー. | Air guide integrated evaporative cooler and manufacturing method thereof |
JP2019128078A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-08-01 | 富士電機株式会社 | Air conditioner |
Families Citing this family (2)
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CN102853708A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-01-02 | 王健阳 | Novel heat exchange plate of plate type heat exchanger |
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