JP2009115379A - Water refrigerant refrigerating device and heating/cooling system comprising the same - Google Patents

Water refrigerant refrigerating device and heating/cooling system comprising the same Download PDF

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JP2009115379A
JP2009115379A JP2007288632A JP2007288632A JP2009115379A JP 2009115379 A JP2009115379 A JP 2009115379A JP 2007288632 A JP2007288632 A JP 2007288632A JP 2007288632 A JP2007288632 A JP 2007288632A JP 2009115379 A JP2009115379 A JP 2009115379A
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water refrigerant
air
vacuum container
heat
vacuum
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Masaaki Imai
正昭 今井
Yoshinori Inoue
良則 井上
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Sasakura Engineering Co Ltd
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Sasakura Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water refrigerant refrigerating device capable of producing a heat medium of low temperature with high energy efficiency without using alternative for chlorofluorocarbon, and to provide a heating/cooling system using the same. <P>SOLUTION: This water refrigerant refrigerating device 3 comprises a first vacuum container 31, a second vacuum container 32, a third vacuum container 33 and a forth vacuum container 34 respectively storing a water refrigerant in a vacuum state in storage spaces, and having circulating spraying means 35, 36, 37, 38 for circulating the water refrigerant to be sprayed to the storage spaces, a first compressor 44 for reversibly distributing the vapor into a connection pipe 3e communicating and connecting the first vacuum container 31 and the second vacuum container 32, a second compressor 45 for reversibly distributing the vapor into a connection pipe 3f communicating and connecting the third vacuum container 33 and the forth vacuum container 34, and a heat exchanger 47 exchanging heat between the water refrigerant circulated by the circulating spraying means 36 of the second vacuum container 32, and the water refrigerant circulated by the circulating spraying means 37 of the third vacuum container 33. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、水冷媒冷凍装置およびこれを備える冷暖房システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus and a cooling / heating system including the same.

従来、建築物の室内空間の冷房、暖房を行う冷暖房システムとして、例えば、特許文献１に開示されているものが知られている。この冷暖房システムは、図４に示すように、冷房時に蒸発器及び暖房時に凝縮器として機能する一方側真空容器１０１と、冷房時に凝縮器及び暖房時に蒸発器として機能する他方側真空容器１０２と、室内空間１１０に配置される放射パネル１０４とを備えている。各真空容器内は真空状態であり、その内部には水冷媒が貯留されている。一方側真空容器１０１と他方側真空容器１０２とは、連結配管により接続されており、この連結配管の途中には、可逆流送可能な圧縮機１０３が設けられている。また、一方側真空容器１０１の底部には、放射パネル１０４が有する熱媒体流路に接続する管路１０５が接続している。   Conventionally, what is indicated by patent documents 1 is known as an air conditioning system which cools and heats indoor space of a building, for example. As shown in FIG. 4, the cooling / heating system includes one side vacuum container 101 that functions as an evaporator during cooling and a condenser during heating, and the other side vacuum container 102 that functions as a condenser during cooling and an evaporator during heating, And a radiating panel 104 disposed in the indoor space 110. Each vacuum vessel is in a vacuum state, and water refrigerant is stored therein. The one side vacuum vessel 101 and the other side vacuum vessel 102 are connected by a connecting pipe, and a compressor 103 capable of reversible flow is provided in the middle of the connecting pipe. Further, a pipe line 105 connected to the heat medium flow path of the radiation panel 104 is connected to the bottom of the one-side vacuum vessel 101.

このように構成された冷暖房システムを冷房運転する際には、まず、一方側真空容器１０１の圧力が他方側真空容器１０２の圧力よりも低くなるように圧縮機を駆動する。これにより、一方側真空容器１０１内に貯留されている水冷媒は、蒸発して水蒸気となる。真空下で水冷媒の一部が蒸発すると、発生蒸気の蒸発潜熱分の熱量が、一方側真空容器１０１内に残留している水冷媒から奪われるため、残留水冷媒の温度が低下する。そして、管路１０５を介して、この低温の水冷媒を放射パネル１０４の熱媒体流路に導き、建築物の室内空間における熱を吸収することによって、室内空間１１０の温度を低下させる。   When the cooling / heating system configured as described above is air-cooled, first, the compressor is driven so that the pressure in the one-side vacuum vessel 101 is lower than the pressure in the other-side vacuum vessel 102. Thereby, the water refrigerant stored in the one-side vacuum vessel 101 evaporates to become water vapor. When a part of the water refrigerant evaporates under vacuum, the amount of heat corresponding to the latent heat of vaporization of the generated steam is taken away from the water refrigerant remaining in the one-side vacuum vessel 101, so that the temperature of the residual water refrigerant decreases. Then, the low-temperature water refrigerant is guided to the heat medium flow path of the radiating panel 104 via the pipe line 105, and the heat in the indoor space of the building is absorbed, thereby reducing the temperature of the indoor space 110.

また、このような冷暖房システムにおいては、室内空間１１０の湿気分が放射パネル１０４の表面に結露として付着するという問題があり、この問題を解消するために、室内空間の湿度を調節するための調湿装置（図示せず）が別途設けられる場合がある。この調湿装置は、水冷媒冷凍装置により生成された低温の熱媒体が内部を流れる熱媒体コイルの外表面に、空気を通過させることによって、熱媒体内部を流れる低温の熱媒体と、空気との間で熱交換を行い、空気中に含まれる湿気を熱媒体コイルの表面に凝縮させて除去するというものである。なお、除湿後の空気は、室内空間１１０に導かれる。
特開２００６−３８３３３号公報 In addition, in such an air conditioning system, there is a problem that moisture in the indoor space 110 adheres to the surface of the radiating panel 104 as condensation, and in order to solve this problem, a control for adjusting the humidity of the indoor space is required. A wet device (not shown) may be provided separately. The humidity control apparatus is configured to allow air to pass through an outer surface of a heat medium coil through which a low-temperature heat medium generated by a water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus flows. Heat is exchanged between the two, and moisture contained in the air is condensed on the surface of the heat medium coil and removed. Note that the air after dehumidification is guided to the indoor space 110.
JP 2006-38333 A

上述のような調湿装置により除湿された空気を生成する場合、水冷媒冷凍装置が、熱媒体コイルに７℃〜８℃程度に冷却された熱媒体を供給する必要がある。しかしながら、水を熱媒体として使用する水冷媒冷凍装置によって、高エネルギー効率で、例えば７℃〜８℃程度の低温の熱媒体を生成することは困難であり、この結果、効率よく低温の熱媒体を生成することができるＨＣＦＣ類フロンやＨＦＣ類フロン等の代替フロンを熱媒体として使用する水冷媒冷凍装置が使用され続けているという問題があった。なお、代替フロンは、ＣＦＣ類フロン（特定フロン）に比べればオゾン層破壊係数が低い物質であるが、オゾン層破壊係数がゼロではなく、また、地球温暖化ガスの一種であり、その継続使用が危惧されている。   When generating the air dehumidified by the humidity control apparatus as described above, the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus needs to supply a heat medium cooled to about 7 ° C. to 8 ° C. to the heat medium coil. However, it is difficult to generate a low-temperature heat medium having high energy efficiency, for example, about 7 ° C. to 8 ° C., with a water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus that uses water as a heat medium. There has been a problem that water refrigerant refrigeration apparatuses using alternative chlorofluorocarbons such as HCFCs and HFCs that can generate HFFC as a heat medium continue to be used. Substitute chlorofluorocarbon is a substance with a lower ozone depletion coefficient than CFC-type chlorofluorocarbons (specific chlorofluorocarbons), but the ozone depletion coefficient is not zero, and it is a kind of global warming gas. Is feared.

本発明は、このような問題を解決するためになされたものであって、代替フロンを使用することなく、高エネルギー効率で低温の熱媒体を生成することができる水冷媒冷凍装置及びこれを用いた冷暖房システムを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and a water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus capable of generating a low-temperature heat medium with high energy efficiency without using an alternative chlorofluorocarbon and its use. The purpose is to provide an air conditioning system.

本発明の上記目的は、貯留空間に水冷媒がそれぞれ真空状態で貯留されると共に、該水冷媒を還流して前記貯留空間に散布する還流散布手段をそれぞれ有する第１真空容器、第２真空容器、第３真空容器及び第４真空容器と、前記第１真空容器及び前記第２真空容器を連通接続する連結配管内に水蒸気を可逆流送する第１圧縮機と、前記第３真空容器及び前記第４真空容器を連通接続する連結配管内に水蒸気を可逆流送する第２圧縮機と、前記第２真空容器の還流散布手段により還流される水冷媒、及び、前記第３真空容器の還流散布手段により還流される水冷媒の間で熱交換を行う熱交換器とを備える水冷媒冷凍装置により達成される。   The above object of the present invention is to provide a first vacuum container and a second vacuum container each having a reflux spraying means for recirculating the water refrigerant and spraying the water refrigerant into the storage space while the water refrigerant is stored in the storage space in a vacuum state. A first compressor for reversibly flowing water vapor into a connection pipe connecting the first vacuum container and the second vacuum container, the third vacuum container and the fourth vacuum container; A second compressor that reversibly flows water vapor into a connecting pipe that communicates with the fourth vacuum vessel, a water refrigerant that is refluxed by the reflux spraying means of the second vacuum vessel, and a reflux spray of the third vacuum vessel. This is achieved by a water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus including a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between water refrigerants refluxed by the means.

また、この水冷媒冷凍装置において、前記第１圧縮機及び第２圧縮機は、ルーツポンプであることが好ましい。   In the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus, the first compressor and the second compressor are preferably roots pumps.

また、本発明の上記目的は、上述の水冷媒冷凍装置と、熱源からの放熱或いは熱源への吸熱により、室内空間の空調を行う放射空調設備と、内部を通過する熱媒体と外部を通過する空気との間で熱交換を行うことにより、空気の冷熱又は加熱を行う熱媒体コイルとを備えており、前記第２真空容器の還流散布手段は、前記熱交換器において熱交換された後の水冷媒を、前記放射空調設備の熱源として供給した後、前記第２真空容器の前記貯留空間に散布するように構成されており、前記第４真空容器の還流散布手段は、前記第４真空容器の前記貯留空間に貯留される水冷媒を、前記熱媒体コイルを通過する熱媒体として供給した後、前記第４真空容器の前記貯留空間に散布するように構成されている冷暖房システムにより達成される。   Further, the object of the present invention is to pass through the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus described above, radiation air conditioning equipment for air conditioning the indoor space by heat radiation from the heat source or heat absorption to the heat source, a heat medium passing through the inside, and the outside. A heat medium coil that cools or heats the air by exchanging heat with air, and the reflux spraying means of the second vacuum vessel is heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger After supplying the water refrigerant as a heat source of the radiation air-conditioning equipment, it is configured to spray the storage space of the second vacuum container, and the reflux spraying means of the fourth vacuum container includes the fourth vacuum container The water refrigerant stored in the storage space is supplied as a heat medium that passes through the heat medium coil, and is then distributed by the cooling and heating system configured to be distributed in the storage space of the fourth vacuum container. .

本発明によれば、代替フロンを使用することなく、高エネルギー効率で低温の熱媒体を生成することができる水冷媒冷凍装置及びこれを用いた冷暖房システムを提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the water refrigerant freezing apparatus which can produce | generate a low-temperature heat medium with high energy efficiency, and an air-conditioning system using the same can be provided, without using an alternative CFC.

以下、本発明に係る水冷媒冷凍装置を有する冷暖房システムについて添付図面を参照して説明する。図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る水冷媒冷凍装置を有する冷暖房システムを冷房運転した際の動作を示すシステム構成図の一例である。図２は、冷暖房システムを暖房運転した際の動作を示すシステム構成図である。   Hereinafter, an air conditioning system having a water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an example of a system configuration diagram showing an operation when a cooling / heating system having a water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is in a cooling operation. FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram showing an operation when the cooling / heating system is operated for heating.

図１及び図２に示すように、冷暖房システム１は、空気調和設備２と、水冷媒冷凍装置３と、放射空調設備５と、熱交換塔６とを備えている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the air conditioning system 1 includes an air conditioning facility 2, a water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3, a radiation air conditioning facility 5, and a heat exchange tower 6.

空気調和設備２は、室外から導かれた空気の温度及び湿度を調整して当該空気を室内空間７に導く設備であり、例えば、建築物内の空調設備室等に配置される。この空気調和設備２は、室外から導かれた空気の顕熱及び潜熱を交換可能な全熱交換器２１と、顕熱のみを交換可能な顕熱交換器２２と、空気の湿度を調整する調湿装置２３とを備えている。   The air conditioning facility 2 is a facility that adjusts the temperature and humidity of air guided from the outside and guides the air to the indoor space 7, and is disposed in, for example, an air conditioning facility room in a building. This air conditioner 2 includes a total heat exchanger 21 capable of exchanging sensible heat and latent heat of air guided from outside, a sensible heat exchanger 22 capable of exchanging only sensible heat, and a control for adjusting the humidity of the air. Wet device 23 is provided.

全熱交換器２１には、室外の空気が導かれる吸気配管２ａ、室外に空気を排出する外部排出配管２ｂ、室内空間７における空気が導かれる室内空気排出配管２ｃ、顕熱交換器２２に空気を導く顕熱交換器接続配管２ｄが接続している。吸気配管２ａと顕熱交換器接続配管２ｄとは、全熱交換器２１内部の第１通路２１ａを介して接続している。また、室内空気排出配管２ｃと外部排出配管２ｂとは、全熱交換器２１内部の第２通路２１ｂを介して接続している。このような構成により、全熱交換器２１において、吸気配管２ａを介して導かれた室外の空気と、室内空気排出配管２ｃを介して室内空間７から導かれた空気との間で、顕熱及び潜熱の熱交換を行うことができる。   The total heat exchanger 21 includes an intake pipe 2a through which outdoor air is guided, an external exhaust pipe 2b through which air is exhausted outside, an indoor air discharge pipe 2c through which air in the indoor space 7 is guided, and air to the sensible heat exchanger 22 A sensible heat exchanger connection pipe 2d is connected. The intake pipe 2 a and the sensible heat exchanger connection pipe 2 d are connected via a first passage 21 a inside the total heat exchanger 21. The indoor air discharge pipe 2c and the external discharge pipe 2b are connected via a second passage 21b inside the total heat exchanger 21. With such a configuration, in the total heat exchanger 21, sensible heat is generated between the outdoor air guided through the intake pipe 2a and the air guided from the indoor space 7 through the indoor air discharge pipe 2c. In addition, heat exchange of latent heat can be performed.

顕熱交換器２２には、全熱交換器２１と接続する上記顕熱交換器接続配管２ｄの他、室内空間７に空気を導く室内空気供給配管２ｅ、調湿装置２３に空気を導く調湿装置接続配管２ｆ及び調湿装置２３において調湿処理された空気を顕熱交換器２２に還流させる調湿空気リターン配管２ｇが接続している。顕熱交換器接続配管２ｄと調湿装置接続配管２ｆとは、顕熱交換器２２内部の第１通路２２ａを介して接続している。また、室内空気供給配管２ｅと調湿空気リターン配管２ｇとは、顕熱交換器２２内部の第２通路２２ｂを介して接続している。このような構成により、顕熱交換器２２において、全熱交換器２１から導かれた空気と、調湿装置２３から導かれた空気との間で顕熱の熱交換を行うことができる。   In the sensible heat exchanger 22, in addition to the sensible heat exchanger connection pipe 2 d connected to the total heat exchanger 21, an indoor air supply pipe 2 e that guides air to the indoor space 7, and a humidity control that guides air to the humidity control device 23. A humidity control air return pipe 2g for returning the air conditioned in the apparatus connection pipe 2f and the humidity control apparatus 23 to the sensible heat exchanger 22 is connected. The sensible heat exchanger connection pipe 2d and the humidity control apparatus connection pipe 2f are connected via a first passage 22a inside the sensible heat exchanger 22. The indoor air supply pipe 2e and the humidity-controlled air return pipe 2g are connected via a second passage 22b inside the sensible heat exchanger 22. With such a configuration, in the sensible heat exchanger 22, sensible heat can be exchanged between the air guided from the total heat exchanger 21 and the air guided from the humidity control device 23.

調湿装置２３は、顕熱交換器２２を通過した空気の湿度を所望の値に調整する装置であり、内部を熱媒体が通過する熱媒体コイル２４と加湿器２５とを備えている。調湿装置２３によって除湿を行う場合には、水冷媒冷凍装置３から低温の水冷媒を熱媒体として熱媒体コイル２４に供給することにより、当該熱媒体コイル２４が冷却コイルとして機能するように構成する。これにより、顕熱交換器２２を通過した空気と、熱媒体コイル２４の内部を通過する低温の水冷媒との間で熱交換を行い、空気を過冷却し、当該熱媒体コイル２４の表面に空気中の水分を凝縮させて除湿することができる。なお、除湿時においては、加湿器２５を作動させずに、熱媒体コイル２４を通過した空気が加湿器２５を介して顕熱交換器２２に供給されるように構成されている。   The humidity control device 23 is a device that adjusts the humidity of the air that has passed through the sensible heat exchanger 22 to a desired value, and includes a heat medium coil 24 and a humidifier 25 through which the heat medium passes. When dehumidification is performed by the humidity control device 23, the heat medium coil 24 functions as a cooling coil by supplying a low-temperature water refrigerant from the water refrigerant refrigerating device 3 to the heat medium coil 24 as a heat medium. To do. As a result, heat exchange is performed between the air that has passed through the sensible heat exchanger 22 and the low-temperature water refrigerant that has passed through the inside of the heat medium coil 24, and the air is supercooled. The moisture in the air can be condensed and dehumidified. During dehumidification, the air that has passed through the heat medium coil 24 is supplied to the sensible heat exchanger 22 via the humidifier 25 without operating the humidifier 25.

また、加湿を行う場合には、水冷媒冷凍装置３から高温の水冷媒を熱媒体として熱媒体コイル２４に供給することにより、当該熱媒体コイル２４が加熱コイルとして機能するように構成すると共に、加湿器２５により空気中に水蒸気を付加する。加湿器２５としては、水道水の水を気化させて空気中の湿度を高める気化式加湿器２５を例示することができる。   In addition, when humidification is performed, the high-temperature water refrigerant is supplied from the water-refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 to the heat medium coil 24 as a heat medium so that the heat medium coil 24 functions as a heating coil. Water vapor is added to the air by the humidifier 25. An example of the humidifier 25 is a vaporizing humidifier 25 that vaporizes tap water to increase the humidity in the air.

水冷媒冷凍装置３は、図１及び図２に示すように、第１真空容器３１、第２真空容器３２、第３真空容器３３及び第４真空容器３４を備えている。冷暖房システム１が冷房運転する際には、第１真空容器３１及び第３真空容器３３は凝縮器として機能し、第２真空容器３２及び第４真空容器３４は蒸発器として機能するように構成されている。また、冷暖房システム１が暖房運転する際には、第１真空容器３１及び第３真空容器３３は蒸発器として機能し、第２真空容器３２及び第４真空容器３４は凝縮器として機能するように構成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 includes a first vacuum container 31, a second vacuum container 32, a third vacuum container 33, and a fourth vacuum container 34. When the cooling / heating system 1 performs a cooling operation, the first vacuum container 31 and the third vacuum container 33 function as a condenser, and the second vacuum container 32 and the fourth vacuum container 34 function as an evaporator. ing. Further, when the air conditioning system 1 performs a heating operation, the first vacuum container 31 and the third vacuum container 33 function as an evaporator, and the second vacuum container 32 and the fourth vacuum container 34 function as a condenser. It is configured.

これら各真空容器には、貯留空間に水冷媒である水がそれぞれ真空状態で貯留されている。また、各真空容器３１，３２，３３，３４は、貯留空間に貯留されている水冷媒を還流して貯留空間内に散布する還流散布手段３５，３６，３７，３８を備えている。還流散布手段３５，３６，３７，３８は、貯留空間の上方に配置される散布ノズル３９，４０，４１，４２と、真空容器の底部に貯留される水冷媒を散布ノズル３９，４０，４１，４２に導く配管３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃ，３ｄとを備えている。また、各配管の途中には、水冷媒を流送する循環ポンプ４３が配置されている。配管３ａを第１還流配管３ａ、配管３ｂを第２還流配管３ｂ、配管３ｃを第３還流配管３ｃ、配管３ｄを第４還流配管３ｄとして以下説明する。   In each of these vacuum containers, water that is a water refrigerant is stored in a storage space in a vacuum state. Moreover, each vacuum vessel 31, 32, 33, 34 is provided with reflux spraying means 35, 36, 37, 38 for returning the water refrigerant stored in the storage space and spraying it in the storage space. The reflux spraying means 35, 36, 37, and 38 are spray nozzles 39, 40, 41, 42 disposed above the storage space, and spray nozzles 39, 40, 41, water coolant stored at the bottom of the vacuum vessel. And pipes 3 a, 3 b, 3 c, 3 d led to 42. In addition, a circulation pump 43 for feeding water refrigerant is disposed in the middle of each pipe. The pipe 3a will be described below as a first reflux pipe 3a, a pipe 3b as a second reflux pipe 3b, a pipe 3c as a third reflux pipe 3c, and a pipe 3d as a fourth reflux pipe 3d.

第１還流配管３ａの途中には、第１熱交換器４６が接続しており、後述の熱交換塔６から導かれる熱交換塔用水冷媒と、第１還流配管３ａを通過する水冷媒との間で熱交換できるように構成されている。   A first heat exchanger 46 is connected in the middle of the first reflux pipe 3a, and the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower guided from the heat exchange tower 6 described later and the water refrigerant passing through the first reflux pipe 3a. It is configured so that heat can be exchanged between them.

また、第２還流配管３ｂの途中には、第３還流配管３ｃ内を流れる水冷媒が通過する第２熱交換器４５が接続しており、第２還流配管３ｂを通過する水冷媒と、第３還流配管３ｃを通過する水冷媒との間で熱交換できるように構成されている。   Further, a second heat exchanger 45 through which water refrigerant flowing in the third reflux pipe 3c passes is connected in the middle of the second reflux pipe 3b, and the water refrigerant passing through the second reflux pipe 3b, It is configured so that heat can be exchanged with the water refrigerant passing through the 3 recirculation pipe 3c.

また、第２還流配管３ｂの途中には、後述する放射空調設備５が有する熱媒体流路５５が接続しており、第２熱交換器４５において熱交換された第２還流配管３ｂ内を通過する水冷媒が、熱媒体流路５５内を流通するように構成されている。   In addition, a heat medium passage 55 of the radiation air-conditioning equipment 5 to be described later is connected in the middle of the second reflux pipe 3b, and passes through the second reflux pipe 3b heat-exchanged in the second heat exchanger 45. The water refrigerant to be circulated is circulated in the heat medium passage 55.

第３還流配管３ｃの途中には、上述のように第２熱交換器４５が接続しており、第３還流配管３ｃを通過する水冷媒と、第２還流配管３ｂを通過する水冷媒との間で熱交換できるように構成されている。   In the middle of the third reflux pipe 3c, the second heat exchanger 45 is connected as described above, and the water refrigerant passing through the third reflux pipe 3c and the water refrigerant passing through the second reflux pipe 3b are connected. It is configured so that heat can be exchanged between them.

第４還流配管３ｄの途中には、後述する空気調和設備２が有する調湿装置２３の熱媒体コイル２４が接続しており、第４還流配管３ｄを通過する水冷媒を、熱媒体コイル２４内を通過する熱媒体として供給できるように構成されている。   A heat medium coil 24 of a humidity control device 23 included in the air-conditioning equipment 2 described later is connected to the middle of the fourth reflux pipe 3d, and the water refrigerant passing through the fourth reflux pipe 3d is passed through the heat medium coil 24. It is comprised so that it can supply as a thermal medium which passes.

また、水冷媒冷凍装置３は、第１真空容器３１及び第２真空容器３２の相互間を連通接続する連結配管３ｅに配設した第１圧縮機４４と、第３真空容器３３及び第４真空容器３４の相互間を連通接続する連結配管３ｆに配設した第２圧縮機４５とを備えている。   The water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 includes a first compressor 44, a third vacuum container 33, and a fourth vacuum disposed in a connecting pipe 3e that connects the first vacuum container 31 and the second vacuum container 32 to each other. And a second compressor 45 disposed in a connecting pipe 3f that connects the containers 34 to each other.

第１圧縮機４４は、冷暖房システム１が冷房運転を行う際には、第２真空容器３２内の圧力を低下させると共に、第１真空容器３１内の圧力を上昇させるように構成されている。また、冷暖房システム１が暖房運転を行う際には、第１真空容器３１内の圧力を低下させると共に、第２真空容器３２の圧力を上昇させるように構成されている。このような構成により、冷暖房システム１が冷房運転する際には、第２真空容器３２内の圧力が低下し、その結果、第２真空容器３２内に貯留されている水冷媒が蒸発して水蒸気が生成されると共に、生成した水蒸気を第１真空容器３１に導くことができる。なお、第１真空容器３１に導かれた水蒸気は、第１還流配管３ａを介して散布される水冷媒により冷却されて凝縮し、液体状の水冷媒に状態変化する。また、冷暖房システム１が冷暖房転する際には、第１真空容器３１内の圧力が低下し、その結果、第１真空容器３１内に貯留されている水冷媒が蒸発して水蒸気が生成されると共に、生成した水蒸気を第２真空容器３２に導くことができる。なお、第２真空容器３２に導かれた水蒸気は、第２還流配管３ｂを介して散布される水冷媒により冷却されて凝縮し、液体状の水冷媒に状態変化する。   The first compressor 44 is configured to decrease the pressure in the second vacuum vessel 32 and increase the pressure in the first vacuum vessel 31 when the cooling / heating system 1 performs the cooling operation. Further, when the cooling / heating system 1 performs the heating operation, the pressure in the first vacuum vessel 31 is decreased and the pressure in the second vacuum vessel 32 is increased. With such a configuration, when the cooling / heating system 1 performs the cooling operation, the pressure in the second vacuum vessel 32 decreases, and as a result, the water refrigerant stored in the second vacuum vessel 32 evaporates and the water vapor is evaporated. Is generated, and the generated water vapor can be guided to the first vacuum vessel 31. In addition, the water vapor | steam guide | induced to the 1st vacuum vessel 31 is cooled and condensed with the water refrigerant | coolant sprayed via the 1st recirculation | reflux pipe | tube 3a, and a state changes to a liquid water refrigerant. In addition, when the cooling / heating system 1 performs cooling / heating, the pressure in the first vacuum vessel 31 decreases, and as a result, the water refrigerant stored in the first vacuum vessel 31 evaporates to generate water vapor. At the same time, the generated water vapor can be guided to the second vacuum vessel 32. In addition, the water vapor | steam guide | induced to the 2nd vacuum vessel 32 is cooled and condensed with the water refrigerant | coolant sprayed through the 2nd recirculation | reflux piping 3b, and changes its state to a liquid water refrigerant.

第２圧縮機４５は、冷暖房システム１が冷房運転を行う際には、第４真空容器３４内の圧力を低下させると共に、第３真空容器３３内の圧力を上昇させるように構成されている。また、冷暖房システム１が暖房運転を行う際には、第３真空容器３３内の圧力を低下させると共に、第４真空容器３４の圧力を上昇させるように構成されている。このような構成により、冷暖房システム１が冷房運転する際には、第４真空容器３４内の圧力が低下し、その結果、第４真空容器３４内に貯留されている水冷媒が蒸発して水蒸気が生成されると共に、生成した水蒸気を第３真空容器３３に導くことができる。なお、第３真空容器３３に導かれた水蒸気は、第３還流配管３ｃを介して散布される水冷媒により冷却されて凝縮し、液体状の水冷媒に状態変化する。また、冷暖房システム１が暖房房転する際には、第３真空容器３３内の圧力が低下し、その結果、第３真空容器３３内に貯留されている水冷媒が蒸発して水蒸気が生成されると共に、生成した水蒸気を第４真空容器３４に導くことができる。なお、第４真空容器３４に導かれた水蒸気は、第４還流配管３ｄを介して散布される水冷媒により冷却されて凝縮し、液体状の水冷媒に状態変化する。   The second compressor 45 is configured to decrease the pressure in the fourth vacuum vessel 34 and increase the pressure in the third vacuum vessel 33 when the cooling and heating system 1 performs the cooling operation. Further, when the cooling / heating system 1 performs the heating operation, the pressure in the third vacuum vessel 33 is decreased and the pressure in the fourth vacuum vessel 34 is increased. With such a configuration, when the cooling / heating system 1 performs the cooling operation, the pressure in the fourth vacuum vessel 34 decreases, and as a result, the water refrigerant stored in the fourth vacuum vessel 34 evaporates and the water vapor is evaporated. Is generated, and the generated water vapor can be guided to the third vacuum vessel 33. In addition, the water vapor | steam guide | induced to the 3rd vacuum vessel 33 is cooled and condensed with the water refrigerant | coolant sprayed via the 3rd recirculation | reflux pipe | tube 3c, and changes its state to a liquid water refrigerant. Further, when the cooling / heating system 1 is heated, the pressure in the third vacuum vessel 33 decreases, and as a result, the water refrigerant stored in the third vacuum vessel 33 evaporates to generate water vapor. In addition, the generated water vapor can be guided to the fourth vacuum vessel 34. In addition, the water vapor | steam guide | induced to the 4th vacuum vessel 34 is cooled and condensed with the water refrigerant | coolant sprayed via the 4th recirculation | reflux piping 3d, and a state change to a liquid water refrigerant | coolant.

第１圧縮機４４及び第２圧縮機４５としては、ルーツポンプを例示することができる。このルーツポンプは、いわゆる真空用のブースターポンプであって、図１及び図２に示すように、例えば楕円形のシリンダ内に同形のまゆ型断面形状を有する２つのロータを互いに９０°移送をずらせて隣接配置した構造を有する。各ロータが互いに逆方向に等速度で回転することにより、２つのロータとシリンダとの間に閉じ込められた水蒸気が流送される。例えば、第１圧縮機４４としてルーツポンプを用いた場合、このルーツポンプを正・逆回転することにより、第１真空容器３１から第２真空容器３２に水蒸気を流送する場合と、第２真空容器３２から第１真空容器３１に水蒸気を流送する場合とを可逆的に切り替えることができる。また、ルーツポンプは、真空中において大容量の圧縮・排気を行うことができる上、シリンダ内に摺動部が無く動力損が少ないので、高エネルギー効率で駆動することができる。なお、図１及び図２においては、圧縮機としてルーツポンプを例示したが、特にルーツポンプに限定されるものではなく、冷暖房システム１の冷房運転時に、第２真空容器３２（第４真空容器３４）から第１真空容器３１（第３真空容器３３）に水蒸気を流送すると共に、冷暖房システム１の暖房運転時に、第１真空容器３１（第３真空容器３３）から第１真空容器３１（第４真空容器３４）に水蒸気を流送する構成を備えた圧縮機であればよい。   An example of the first compressor 44 and the second compressor 45 is a Roots pump. This Roots pump is a so-called vacuum booster pump, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, two rotors having the same eyebrows-shaped cross-section in an elliptical cylinder are shifted from each other by 90 °. Are adjacent to each other. As each rotor rotates at the same speed in opposite directions, water vapor confined between the two rotors and the cylinder is flowed. For example, when a Roots pump is used as the first compressor 44, when the Roots pump is rotated forward / reversely, water vapor is sent from the first vacuum vessel 31 to the second vacuum vessel 32, and the second vacuum The case where water vapor is flowed from the container 32 to the first vacuum container 31 can be switched reversibly. Further, the Roots pump can compress and exhaust a large volume in a vacuum, and can be driven with high energy efficiency since there is no sliding portion in the cylinder and there is little power loss. 1 and 2 exemplify a roots pump as the compressor, the invention is not particularly limited to the roots pump, and the second vacuum container 32 (fourth vacuum container 34) is not limited to the roots pump. ) From the first vacuum vessel 31 (third vacuum vessel 33) to the first vacuum vessel 31 (first vacuum vessel 31) during the heating operation of the cooling and heating system 1. Any compressor may be used as long as it is configured to feed water vapor to the 4 vacuum vessel 34).

また、水冷媒冷凍装置３が備える第１真空容器３１の底部及び第２真空容器３２の底部は、第１相互流送配管３ｇにより連通接続している。第３真空容器３３の底部及び第４真空容器３４の底部は、第２相互流送配管３ｈにより連通接続している。   Further, the bottom of the first vacuum vessel 31 and the bottom of the second vacuum vessel 32 provided in the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 are connected in communication by the first mutual flow pipe 3g. The bottom of the third vacuum vessel 33 and the bottom of the fourth vacuum vessel 34 are connected in communication by the second mutual flow pipe 3h.

放射空調設備５は、例えば図３に示すような、熱媒体流通管５２を放射板５３に敷設した放射パネル５１を天井や床、壁に複数設け、各熱媒体流通管５２を接続して熱媒体流路５５を形成すると共に、当該熱媒体流路５５に、低温あるいは高温の熱媒体（熱源）を流して、放射板５３を介して室内空間７の熱を熱源に吸熱したり、あるいは、放射板５３を介して熱源から熱を室内空間７に放熱したりして、室内空間７の空調を行う設備である。なお、図１及び図２においては、放射空調設備５を天井に設けた場合を示している。   For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the radiant air-conditioning equipment 5 is provided with a plurality of radiating panels 51 on the ceiling, floor, or wall, in which a heat medium flow pipe 52 is laid on a radiating plate 53, and each heat medium flow pipe 52 is connected to the The medium flow path 55 is formed, and a low-temperature or high-temperature heat medium (heat source) is passed through the heat medium flow path 55 so that the heat of the indoor space 7 is absorbed by the heat source via the radiation plate 53, or This is a facility for air-conditioning the indoor space 7 by radiating heat from the heat source to the indoor space 7 via the radiation plate 53. In addition, in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the case where the radiation air-conditioning equipment 5 is provided in the ceiling is shown.

放射パネル５１を構成する放射板５３の材質は、例えば、アルミニウムが好ましく用いられるが、ステンレス、その他の熱伝導率の高い材料を用いてもよい。   For example, aluminum is preferably used as the material of the radiation plate 53 constituting the radiation panel 51, but stainless steel or other materials having high thermal conductivity may be used.

また、熱媒体流通管５２は、適宜曲げられた状態で放射板５３に取り付けられている。この熱媒体流通管５２の材質は、例えば、アルミニウム、鋼、銅、合成樹脂等が用いられる。その他の材質を用いてもよいが、曲げ加工性に優れ、曲げに強い材料を用いるとよい。また、各熱媒体流通管５２を接続して形成した熱媒体流路５５は、第２真空容器３２から延びる第２還流配管３ｂの途中に配置されており、水冷媒冷凍装置３の第２真空容器３２において生成される低温又は高温の水冷媒が、熱媒体流路５５内を通過できるように構成されている。熱媒体流路５５を通過した水冷媒は、第２還流配管３ｂを介して第２真空容器３２内の散布ノズル４０に導かれる。このような構成により、第２真空容器３２の底部から導かれる水冷媒を放射空調設備５の熱源として供給することができる。   Further, the heat medium flow pipe 52 is attached to the radiation plate 53 in an appropriately bent state. As the material of the heat medium flow pipe 52, for example, aluminum, steel, copper, synthetic resin, or the like is used. Other materials may be used, but it is preferable to use a material that is excellent in bending workability and strong in bending. The heat medium flow passage 55 formed by connecting the heat medium flow pipes 52 is disposed in the middle of the second reflux pipe 3 b extending from the second vacuum vessel 32, and the second vacuum of the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3. The low-temperature or high-temperature water refrigerant generated in the container 32 is configured to pass through the heat medium flow channel 55. The water refrigerant that has passed through the heat medium passage 55 is guided to the spray nozzle 40 in the second vacuum vessel 32 via the second reflux pipe 3b. With such a configuration, the water refrigerant guided from the bottom of the second vacuum vessel 32 can be supplied as the heat source of the radiation air conditioning equipment 5.

熱交換塔６は、冷暖房システム１を冷房運転する場合に冷却塔として動作すると共に、暖房運転する場合にヒーティングタワーとして動作する熱交換設備であり、例えば、室内空間７等が形成される建築物の屋上に配置される。熱交換塔６は、内部に熱交換塔用水冷媒を散布する散布ノズル６１と、熱交換塔用水冷媒が貯留される貯留部６２とを備えている。また、貯留部６２と散布ノズル６１とは循環ポンプ６３を有する熱交換塔配管６４により接続されている。熱交換塔配管６４の途中には、第１熱交換器４６が設けられており、熱交換塔配管６４内を通過する熱交換塔用水冷媒と、第１真空容器３１から第１還流配管３ａを介して導かれる水冷媒との間で熱交換を行う。この熱交換塔６は、冷暖房システム１の冷房運転時には、熱交換塔用水冷媒よりも低い外気湿球の空気と接触し、熱交換塔用水冷媒の一部を蒸発させて熱交換塔用水冷媒自身を冷却する。また、冷暖房システム１の暖房運転時には、冷たい熱交換塔用水冷媒がこれより高い外気湿球の空気と直接接触し、空気中の水分を一部凝縮しながら熱交換塔用水冷媒を加熱する。   The heat exchange tower 6 is a heat exchange facility that operates as a cooling tower when the air-conditioning system 1 is air-cooled and also operates as a heating tower when the air-warming operation is performed. For example, a building in which an indoor space 7 or the like is formed. Arranged on the roof of things. The heat exchange tower 6 includes a spray nozzle 61 for spraying heat exchange tower water refrigerant therein, and a storage section 62 in which the heat exchange tower water refrigerant is stored. Further, the storage section 62 and the spray nozzle 61 are connected by a heat exchange tower pipe 64 having a circulation pump 63. A first heat exchanger 46 is provided in the middle of the heat exchange tower pipe 64, and the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower passing through the heat exchange tower pipe 64 and the first reflux pipe 3 a from the first vacuum vessel 31 are provided. Heat exchange with the water refrigerant led through the During the cooling operation of the air conditioning system 1, the heat exchange tower 6 is in contact with the air in the outside air wet bulb lower than the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower, and evaporates a part of the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower itself. Cool down. Moreover, at the time of the heating operation of the cooling / heating system 1, the cold water refrigerant for heat exchange tower directly contacts the air of the higher outside air wet bulb, and heats the water refrigerant for heat exchange tower while partially condensing moisture in the air.

次に、このように構成された冷暖房システム１の冷房運転時の動作について図１を用いて説明する。なお、冷房運転であるため、熱交換塔６は、冷却塔として動作する。水冷媒冷凍装置３における第１真空容器３１及び第３真空容器３３は、凝縮器として動作する。また、第２真空容器３２及び第４真空容器３４は、蒸発器として動作する。   Next, the operation | movement at the time of air_conditionaing | cooling operation of the air conditioning system 1 comprised in this way is demonstrated using FIG. In addition, since it is a cooling operation, the heat exchange tower 6 operates as a cooling tower. The first vacuum container 31 and the third vacuum container 33 in the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 operate as a condenser. The second vacuum container 32 and the fourth vacuum container 34 operate as an evaporator.

まず、熱交換塔６、水冷媒冷凍装置３及び空気調和設備２を起動させる。なお、水冷媒冷凍装置３の第１圧縮機４４は、図１の矢印Ａに示すように第２真空容器３２側から第１真空容器３１側に向けて水蒸気が流れるように作動させる。同様に、第２圧縮機４５は、図１の矢印Ｂに示すように第４真空容器３４側から第３真空容器３３側に向けて水蒸気が流れるように作動させる。   First, the heat exchange tower 6, the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3, and the air conditioning equipment 2 are activated. The first compressor 44 of the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 is operated so that water vapor flows from the second vacuum vessel 32 side toward the first vacuum vessel 31 side as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. Similarly, the second compressor 45 is operated so that water vapor flows from the fourth vacuum vessel 34 side toward the third vacuum vessel 33 side as indicated by an arrow B in FIG.

熱交換塔６の起動により、熱交換塔６は、熱交換塔配管６４、第１熱交換器４６及び散布ノズル６１を介して、内部に貯留される熱交換塔用水冷媒を循環させる。熱交換塔６においては、散布ノズル６１から散布された熱交換塔用水冷媒が、この水冷媒よりも低い外気湿球の空気と接触する。これにより、熱交換塔用水冷媒の一部を蒸発させて熱交換塔用水冷媒自身を冷却し、例えば、３０℃の熱交換塔用水冷媒を生成する。そして、熱交換塔配管６４を介して、熱交換塔用水冷媒を第１熱交換器４６に導く。この第１熱交換器４６において、熱交換塔用水冷媒は、第１真空容器３１から導かれた例えば３４℃の水冷媒との間で熱交換を行って加熱され、例えば３３℃の熱交換塔用水冷媒となる。加熱された熱交換塔用水冷媒は、上述の散布ノズル６１から熱交換塔６内部に散布され、上述のように冷却される。   When the heat exchange tower 6 is activated, the heat exchange tower 6 circulates the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower stored therein via the heat exchange tower pipe 64, the first heat exchanger 46 and the spray nozzle 61. In the heat exchange tower 6, the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower sprayed from the spray nozzle 61 comes into contact with the air in the outside air wet bulb lower than the water refrigerant. Thereby, a part of the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower is evaporated to cool the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower itself, and, for example, a water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower at 30 ° C. is generated. Then, the water refrigerant for heat exchange tower is guided to the first heat exchanger 46 via the heat exchange tower pipe 64. In the first heat exchanger 46, the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower is heated by exchanging heat with, for example, a 34 ° C. water refrigerant introduced from the first vacuum vessel 31, and for example, a 33 ° C. heat exchange tower. It becomes a water coolant. The heated water exchange tower water refrigerant is sprayed into the heat exchange tower 6 from the spray nozzle 61 and cooled as described above.

水冷媒冷凍装置３においては、第１圧縮機４４の作用により、第２真空容器３２内の圧力が低下し、この容器の内部に貯留されている水冷媒の一部が蒸発して水蒸気となる。真空下で水冷媒の一部が蒸発すると、発生蒸気の蒸発潜熱分の熱量が、第２真空容器３２の貯留空間に残留している水冷媒から奪われるため、残留水冷媒の温度が低下し、例えば１９℃の水冷媒となる。   In the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3, the pressure in the second vacuum vessel 32 is lowered by the action of the first compressor 44, and a part of the water refrigerant stored in the vessel evaporates to become water vapor. . When a part of the water refrigerant evaporates under vacuum, the amount of heat corresponding to the latent heat of vaporization of the generated steam is taken away from the water refrigerant remaining in the storage space of the second vacuum vessel 32, so that the temperature of the residual water refrigerant decreases. For example, it becomes a 19 degreeC water refrigerant.

第２真空容器３２で生成された水蒸気は、第１圧縮機４４を介して高圧水蒸気となって第１真空容器３１に導かれる。第１真空容器３１に導かれた高圧の水蒸気は、当該第１真空容器３１の底部に接続する第１還流配管３ａ及び第１熱交換器４６を介して散布ノズル３９から散布される水冷媒によって冷却されて凝縮し、例えば３４℃の水冷媒として貯留空間に貯留する。第１熱交換器４６においては、第１真空容器３１から導かれる水冷媒が、上述のように、熱交換塔６から導かれる例えば３０℃の熱交換塔用水冷媒との間で熱交換を行って。例えば３１℃まで冷却される。冷却された水冷媒は、上述の散布ノズル３９から第１真空容器３１内部に散布され、上述のように、第２真空容器３２から導かれた水蒸気の凝縮に供された後、第１真空容器３１の底部に貯留される。貯留された水冷媒の一部は、第１相互流送配管３ｇを介して第２真空容器３２に導かれる。   The water vapor generated in the second vacuum vessel 32 is led to the first vacuum vessel 31 through the first compressor 44 as high-pressure water vapor. The high-pressure water vapor introduced to the first vacuum vessel 31 is caused by the water refrigerant sprayed from the spray nozzle 39 via the first reflux pipe 3 a and the first heat exchanger 46 connected to the bottom of the first vacuum vessel 31. It cools and condenses, and is stored in the storage space as, for example, a 34 ° C. water refrigerant. In the first heat exchanger 46, the water refrigerant led from the first vacuum vessel 31 exchanges heat with the water refrigerant for a heat exchange tower at 30 ° C., for example, led from the heat exchange tower 6 as described above. T For example, it is cooled to 31 ° C. The cooled water refrigerant is sprayed from the spray nozzle 39 to the inside of the first vacuum container 31 and used for condensation of the water vapor introduced from the second vacuum container 32 as described above, and then the first vacuum container. 31 is stored at the bottom. A part of the stored water refrigerant is guided to the second vacuum vessel 32 via the first mutual flow pipe 3g.

また、第２真空容器３２において、温度が低下し、例えば１９℃となった残留水冷媒は、第２循環配管及び第２熱交換器４５を介して、放射空調設備５の熱媒体流路５５に導かれる。第２熱交換器４５においては、第２真空容器３２から導かれる水冷媒が、第３真空容器３３から導かれる例えば２３℃の水冷媒との間で熱交換を行って加熱され、例えば２０℃の水冷媒になる。放射空調設備５の熱媒体流路５５に導かれる水冷媒は、放射板５３を冷却しその温度を低下させる。温度が低下した放射板５３は、室内空間７にいる人間や、電気機器等から放射された熱を吸収する。これにより、室内空間７の居住者に、納涼感を与える。   Further, in the second vacuum vessel 32, the residual water refrigerant whose temperature has decreased to 19 ° C., for example, passes through the second circulation pipe and the second heat exchanger 45, and the heat medium passage 55 of the radiant air-conditioning equipment 5. Led to. In the second heat exchanger 45, the water refrigerant guided from the second vacuum vessel 32 is heated by exchanging heat with, for example, 23 ° C. water refrigerant guided from the third vacuum vessel 33, for example, 20 ° C. It becomes a water refrigerant. The water refrigerant guided to the heat medium passage 55 of the radiant air conditioning equipment 5 cools the radiating plate 53 and lowers its temperature. The radiation plate 53 whose temperature has decreased absorbs heat radiated from a person in the indoor space 7 or an electric device. Thereby, a cool feeling is given to the resident of the indoor space 7.

熱媒体流路５５を通過した水冷媒は、第２還流配管３ｂを介して第２真空容器３２の散布ノズル４０に導かれる。散布ノズル４０に導かれた水冷媒は、放射板５３を介して吸収した熱により温められて例えば２３℃となる。   The water refrigerant that has passed through the heat medium passage 55 is guided to the spray nozzle 40 of the second vacuum vessel 32 through the second reflux pipe 3b. The water refrigerant guided to the spray nozzle 40 is warmed by the heat absorbed through the radiation plate 53 and becomes 23 ° C., for example.

散布ノズル４０から第２真空容器３２内部に散布される水冷媒は、上述のように、第１圧縮機４４の作用によりその一部が水蒸気になると共に、残りは、冷却されて第２真空容器３２の底部に貯留される。貯留された冷媒は、上述のように、第２還流配管３ｂ及び第２熱交換器４５を介して、放射空調設備５の熱媒体流路５５に導かれる。   As described above, a part of the water refrigerant sprayed from the spray nozzle 40 into the second vacuum container 32 is converted into water vapor by the action of the first compressor 44, and the rest is cooled to the second vacuum container. 32 is stored at the bottom. The stored refrigerant is guided to the heat medium flow path 55 of the radiant air-conditioning equipment 5 through the second recirculation pipe 3b and the second heat exchanger 45 as described above.

また、水冷媒冷凍装置３においては、第２圧縮機４５の作用により、第４真空容器３４内の圧力が低下し、この容器の内部に貯留されている水冷媒の一部が蒸発して水蒸気となる。真空下で水冷媒の一部が蒸発すると、発生蒸気の蒸発潜熱分の熱量が、第４真空容器３４に残留している水冷媒から奪われるため、残留水冷媒の温度が低下し、例えば７℃となる。   Further, in the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3, the pressure in the fourth vacuum vessel 34 is reduced by the action of the second compressor 45, and a part of the water refrigerant stored in the vessel evaporates to cause water vapor. It becomes. When a part of the water refrigerant evaporates under vacuum, the amount of heat corresponding to the latent heat of vaporization of the generated steam is taken away from the water refrigerant remaining in the fourth vacuum vessel 34, so that the temperature of the residual water refrigerant decreases, for example, 7 It becomes ℃.

第４真空容器３４で生成された水蒸気は、第２圧縮機４５を介して高圧水蒸気となって第３真空容器３３に導かれる。第３真空容器３３に導かれた高圧の水蒸気は、当該第３真空容器３３の底部に接続される第３還流配管３ｃ及び第２熱交換器４５を介して散布ノズル４１から散布される水冷媒によって冷却されて凝縮し、例えば２３℃の液状の水冷媒になる。第２熱交換器４５においては、第３真空容器３３から導かれる水冷媒が、上述のように、第２真空容器３２から導かれる例えば１９℃の水冷媒との間で熱交換を行って、例えば２０℃まで冷却される。冷却された水冷媒は、散布ノズル４１から第３真空容器３３内部に散布され、上述のように、第４真空容器３４から導かれた水蒸気の凝縮に供された後、第３真空容器３３の底部に貯留される。貯留された水冷媒は、第２相互流送配管３ｈを介して第４真空容器３４に導かれる。   The water vapor generated in the fourth vacuum vessel 34 is led to the third vacuum vessel 33 through the second compressor 45 as high-pressure water vapor. The high-pressure water vapor introduced to the third vacuum vessel 33 is water refrigerant sprayed from the spray nozzle 41 via the third reflux pipe 3 c and the second heat exchanger 45 connected to the bottom of the third vacuum vessel 33. It is cooled and condensed by, for example, a liquid water refrigerant at 23 ° C. In the second heat exchanger 45, the water refrigerant guided from the third vacuum container 33 performs heat exchange with, for example, a 19 ° C. water refrigerant guided from the second vacuum container 32 as described above. For example, it is cooled to 20 ° C. The cooled water refrigerant is sprayed from the spray nozzle 41 to the inside of the third vacuum container 33 and, as described above, subjected to the condensation of the water vapor guided from the fourth vacuum container 34, Stored at the bottom. The stored water refrigerant is guided to the fourth vacuum vessel 34 via the second mutual flow pipe 3h.

また、第４真空容器３４において、温度が低下し、例えば７℃となった残留水冷媒は、第４還流配管３ｄの途中に接続される調湿装置２３の熱媒体コイル２４に導かれる。熱媒体コイル２４に導かれた水冷媒は、後述のように顕熱交換器２２から導かれた空気を間接冷却して、その空気中から湿気を除去するために供される。また、熱媒体コイル２４を通過する水冷媒は、顕熱交換器２２から供給される空気によって加熱されて、例えば１２℃の水冷媒となる。   Further, in the fourth vacuum vessel 34, the residual water refrigerant whose temperature has decreased to, for example, 7 ° C. is guided to the heat medium coil 24 of the humidity controller 23 connected in the middle of the fourth reflux pipe 3d. The water refrigerant led to the heat medium coil 24 is provided to indirectly cool the air led from the sensible heat exchanger 22 and remove moisture from the air as will be described later. In addition, the water refrigerant passing through the heat medium coil 24 is heated by the air supplied from the sensible heat exchanger 22 to become, for example, a water refrigerant at 12 ° C.

熱媒体コイル２４を通過した水冷媒は、第４還流配管３ｄを介して第４真空容器３４の散布ノズル４２に導かれる。散布ノズル４２から第４真空容器３４内部に散布される水冷媒は、上述のように、第２圧縮機４５の作用によりその一部が水蒸気になると共に、残りは、冷却されて第４真空容器３４の底部に貯留される。第４真空容器３４の底部に貯留される水冷媒は、上述のように、第４還流配管３ｄを介して、調湿装置２３の熱媒体コイル２４に導かれる。   The water refrigerant that has passed through the heat medium coil 24 is guided to the spray nozzle 42 of the fourth vacuum vessel 34 through the fourth reflux pipe 3d. As described above, a part of the water refrigerant sprayed from the spray nozzle 42 into the fourth vacuum container 34 is converted into water vapor by the action of the second compressor 45, and the rest is cooled to be the fourth vacuum container. 34 is stored at the bottom. As described above, the water refrigerant stored in the bottom of the fourth vacuum vessel 34 is guided to the heat medium coil 24 of the humidity controller 23 via the fourth reflux pipe 3d.

空気調和設備２においては、まず、例えば温度が３４℃、絶対湿度が１７ｇ／ｋｇの室外の空気が、図示しないポンプ等の作用により、吸気配管２ａを介して全熱交換器２１に導かれる。この空気は、室内空気排出配管２ｃにより導かれる室内空間７の空気との間で全熱交換を行う。室内空気排出配管２ｃによって導かれる室内空間７の空気は、吸気配管２ａによって全熱交換器２１に導かれる空気よりも温度および湿度が低いため、吸気配管２ａにより導かれた高温多湿の室外空気は、温度及び湿度が低下した空気になる（例えば、温度が３０℃、絶対湿度が１３ｇ／ｋｇの空気となる）。   In the air conditioning equipment 2, first, outdoor air having a temperature of 34 ° C. and an absolute humidity of 17 g / kg, for example, is led to the total heat exchanger 21 through the intake pipe 2a by the action of a pump (not shown). This air performs total heat exchange with the air in the indoor space 7 guided by the indoor air discharge pipe 2c. Since the air in the indoor space 7 guided by the indoor air discharge pipe 2c has a lower temperature and humidity than the air guided to the total heat exchanger 21 by the intake pipe 2a, the hot and humid outdoor air guided by the intake pipe 2a is Then, the temperature and humidity are reduced to air (for example, the temperature is 30 ° C. and the absolute humidity is 13 g / kg).

次に、温度及び湿度が低下した空気は、顕熱交換器２２に導かれ、調湿装置２３を通過した空気との間で顕熱交換を行う。調湿装置２３を通過した空気は、後述のように低温かつ低湿度であるため、全熱交換器２１から導かれた空気は、絶対湿度を維持したまま温度のみが更に低下された状態（例えば１９℃）となって調湿装置２３に導かれる。   Next, the air whose temperature and humidity are reduced is guided to the sensible heat exchanger 22 and exchanges sensible heat with the air that has passed through the humidity control device 23. Since the air that has passed through the humidity control device 23 has a low temperature and low humidity as described later, the air led from the total heat exchanger 21 is in a state where only the temperature is further lowered while maintaining the absolute humidity (for example, 19 ° C.) and led to the humidity control device 23.

調湿装置２３においては、導かれた空気が、水冷媒冷凍装置３の第４真空容器３４から供給された例えば７℃の水冷媒が熱媒体として流送される熱媒体コイル２４の外部を通過することにより、空気中の湿気（水蒸気）が、熱媒体コイル２４の外表面に凝縮し除去される。除去された湿気は、図示しないドレンから外部に排出される。この熱媒体コイル２４を通過した空気は、低温かつ絶対湿度が低い空気となる（例えば、温度が７℃、絶対湿度が７ｇ／ｋｇの空気となる）。   In the humidity controller 23, the guided air passes through the outside of the heat medium coil 24 to which, for example, 7 ° C. water refrigerant supplied from the fourth vacuum container 34 of the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 is sent as a heat medium. By doing so, moisture (water vapor) in the air is condensed and removed on the outer surface of the heat medium coil 24. The removed moisture is discharged to the outside from a drain (not shown). The air that has passed through the heat medium coil 24 becomes air having a low temperature and a low absolute humidity (for example, air having a temperature of 7 ° C. and an absolute humidity of 7 g / kg).

調湿装置２３を通過した空気は、顕熱交換器２２において全熱交換器２１から導かれた空気との顕熱交換により絶対湿度を維持したまま加温されて室内空間７に導かれる（例えば、温度が１９℃、絶対湿度が７ｇ／ｋｇの空気となる）。   The air that has passed through the humidity control device 23 is heated while maintaining the absolute humidity by sensible heat exchange with the air guided from the total heat exchanger 21 in the sensible heat exchanger 22 and guided to the indoor space 7 (for example, The temperature is 19 ° C. and the absolute humidity is 7 g / kg air).

室内空間７の空気は、室内空気排出配管２ｃを介して全熱交換器２１に導かれ、吸気配管２ａによって導かれた室外空気との間で全熱交換を行う。これにより、室内空間７から導かれた空気は、温度及び湿度共に高められた状態となり、室外に排出される（例えば、温度が３１℃、絶対湿度が１３ｇ／ｋｇの空気となって、室外に排出される）。   The air in the indoor space 7 is guided to the total heat exchanger 21 through the indoor air discharge pipe 2c, and performs total heat exchange with the outdoor air guided by the intake pipe 2a. As a result, the air guided from the indoor space 7 is in a state in which both the temperature and the humidity are increased, and is discharged to the outside (for example, air having a temperature of 31 ° C. and an absolute humidity of 13 g / kg becomes the outside. Discharged).

次に、冷暖房システム１の暖房運転時の動作について図２を用いて説明する。なお、暖房運転であるため、熱交換塔６は、ヒーティングタワーとして動作する。水冷媒冷凍装置３における第１真空容器３１及び第３真空容器３３は、蒸発器として動作する。また、第２真空容器３２及び第４真空容器３４は、凝縮器として動作する。   Next, the operation | movement at the time of the heating operation of the air conditioning system 1 is demonstrated using FIG. In addition, since it is heating operation, the heat exchange tower 6 operates as a heating tower. The first vacuum container 31 and the third vacuum container 33 in the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 operate as an evaporator. The second vacuum container 32 and the fourth vacuum container 34 operate as a condenser.

まず、熱交換塔６、水冷媒冷凍装置３及び空気調和設備２を起動させる。なお、水冷媒冷凍装置３の第１圧縮機４４は、図２の矢印Ｃに示すように第１真空容器３１側から第２真空容器３２側に向けて水蒸気が流れるように作動させる。同様に、第２圧縮機４５は、図２の矢印Ｄに示すように第３真空容器３３側から第４真空容器３４側に向けて水蒸気が流れるように作動させる。   First, the heat exchange tower 6, the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3, and the air conditioning equipment 2 are activated. The first compressor 44 of the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 is operated so that water vapor flows from the first vacuum vessel 31 side toward the second vacuum vessel 32 side as indicated by an arrow C in FIG. Similarly, the second compressor 45 is operated so that water vapor flows from the third vacuum vessel 33 side toward the fourth vacuum vessel 34 side as indicated by an arrow D in FIG.

熱交換塔６の起動により、熱交換塔６は、熱交換塔配管６４、第１熱交換器４６及び散布ノズル６１を介して、内部に貯留される熱交換塔用水冷媒を循環させる。熱交換塔６においては、散布ノズル６１から散布された熱交換塔用水冷媒が、この水冷媒よりも高い外気湿球の空気と接触する。これにより、空気中の水分を一部凝縮しながら熱交換塔用水冷媒自身を加熱し、例えば、５℃の熱交換塔用水冷媒を生成する。そして、熱交換塔配管６４を介して、熱交換塔用水冷媒を第１熱交換器４６に導く。この第１熱交換器４６において、熱交換塔用水冷媒は、第１真空容器３１から導かれる例えば１℃の水冷媒との間で熱交換を行って冷却され、例えば２℃の熱交換塔用水冷媒となる。冷却された熱交換塔用水冷媒は、上述の散布ノズル６１から熱交換塔６内部に散布され、上述のように加熱される。   When the heat exchange tower 6 is activated, the heat exchange tower 6 circulates the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower stored therein via the heat exchange tower pipe 64, the first heat exchanger 46 and the spray nozzle 61. In the heat exchange tower 6, the water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower sprayed from the spray nozzle 61 comes into contact with the air in the outside air wet bulb higher than the water refrigerant. Thereby, the water refrigerant for heat exchange towers themselves is heated while partially condensing moisture in the air, and for example, a water refrigerant for heat exchange towers at 5 ° C. is generated. Then, the water refrigerant for heat exchange tower is guided to the first heat exchanger 46 via the heat exchange tower pipe 64. In this first heat exchanger 46, the heat exchange tower water refrigerant is cooled by exchanging heat with, for example, 1 ° C. water refrigerant introduced from the first vacuum vessel 31, for example, 2 ° C. heat exchange tower water. Becomes a refrigerant. The cooled water refrigerant for the heat exchange tower is sprayed into the heat exchange tower 6 from the spray nozzle 61 and heated as described above.

水冷媒冷凍装置３においては、第１圧縮機４４の作用により、第１真空容器３１内の圧力は低下し、この容器の内部に貯留されている水冷媒の一部が蒸発して水蒸気となる。真空下で水冷媒の一部が蒸発すると、発生蒸気の蒸発潜熱分の熱量が、第１真空容器３１に残留している水冷媒から奪われるため、残留水冷媒の温度が低下し、例えば１℃の水冷媒となる。   In the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3, the pressure in the first vacuum vessel 31 is reduced by the action of the first compressor 44, and a part of the water refrigerant stored in the vessel evaporates to become water vapor. . When a part of the water refrigerant evaporates under vacuum, the amount of heat corresponding to the latent heat of vaporization of the generated steam is taken away from the water refrigerant remaining in the first vacuum vessel 31, so that the temperature of the residual water refrigerant decreases. It becomes water refrigerant at ℃.

１℃の温度に低下した水冷媒は、第１還流配管３ａ及び第１熱交換器４６を介して、第１真空容器３１の散布ノズル３９から第１真空容器３１の内部に散布される。第１熱交換器４６においては、第１真空容器３１から導かれる水冷媒が、上述のように、熱交換塔６から導かれる例えば５℃の熱交換塔用水冷媒との間で熱交換を行って、例えば４℃に昇温される。第１真空容器３１の内部に散布された水冷媒は、上述のように、第１圧縮機４４の作用によりその一部が水蒸気になると共に、残りは、冷却されて第１真空容器３１の底部に貯留される。第１真空容器３１の底部に貯留される空調用水冷媒は、上述のように、第１還流配管３ａ及び第１熱交換器４６を介して、散布ノズル３９に導かれる。   The water refrigerant lowered to a temperature of 1 ° C. is sprayed from the spray nozzle 39 of the first vacuum container 31 into the first vacuum container 31 through the first reflux pipe 3 a and the first heat exchanger 46. In the first heat exchanger 46, the water refrigerant guided from the first vacuum vessel 31 exchanges heat with the water refrigerant for a heat exchange tower at, for example, 5 ° C. guided from the heat exchange tower 6 as described above. For example, the temperature is raised to 4 ° C. As described above, a part of the water refrigerant sprayed inside the first vacuum vessel 31 is converted into water vapor by the action of the first compressor 44 and the rest is cooled to be the bottom of the first vacuum vessel 31. It is stored in. The air-conditioning water refrigerant stored at the bottom of the first vacuum vessel 31 is guided to the spray nozzle 39 via the first reflux pipe 3a and the first heat exchanger 46 as described above.

第１真空容器３１で生成された水蒸気は、第１圧縮機４４を介して高圧水蒸気となって第２真空容器３２に導かれる。第２真空容器３２に導かれた高圧の水蒸気は、放射空調設備５の熱媒体流路５５を通過して散布ノズル４０から散布される水冷媒によって冷却されて凝縮し、例えば、２６℃の液状の水冷媒となって、第２真空容器３２の底部に貯留される。   The water vapor generated in the first vacuum container 31 is led to the second vacuum container 32 through the first compressor 44 as high-pressure steam. The high-pressure water vapor introduced into the second vacuum vessel 32 is cooled and condensed by the water refrigerant that passes through the heat medium passage 55 of the radiant air-conditioning equipment 5 and is sprayed from the spray nozzle 40, for example, a liquid at 26 ° C. Is stored in the bottom of the second vacuum vessel 32.

第２真空容器３２の底部に貯留される水冷媒は、第２還流配管３ｂ及び第２熱交換器４５を介して放射空調設備５の熱媒体流路５５に導かれる。第２熱交換器４５において、第２真空容器３２から導かれる水冷媒は、第３真空容器３３から導かれる例えば２２℃の水冷媒との熱交換により、例えば２５℃まで冷却される。放射空調設備５の熱媒体流路５５に導かれる水冷媒は、放射板５３を加熱しその温度を上昇させる。加熱された放射板５３は、室内空間７に対して熱を放射し、例えば２０℃となるように室内空間７を暖める。なお、水冷媒は、放射板５３を介して放熱することにより冷やされ、例えば、２３℃となる。   The water refrigerant stored at the bottom of the second vacuum vessel 32 is guided to the heat medium flow path 55 of the radiant air conditioning equipment 5 through the second reflux pipe 3b and the second heat exchanger 45. In the second heat exchanger 45, the water refrigerant guided from the second vacuum container 32 is cooled to, for example, 25 ° C. by heat exchange with, for example, a 22 ° C. water refrigerant guided from the third vacuum container 33. The water refrigerant guided to the heat medium passage 55 of the radiant air-conditioning equipment 5 heats the radiating plate 53 and raises its temperature. The heated radiation plate 53 radiates heat to the indoor space 7 and warms the indoor space 7 so as to be 20 ° C., for example. The water refrigerant is cooled by radiating heat through the radiation plate 53, and becomes 23 ° C., for example.

熱媒体流路５５を通過した水冷媒は、第２還流配管３ｂを介して第２真空容器３２の散布ノズル４０に導かれる。散布ノズル４０から第２真空容器３２内部に散布される水冷媒は、上述のように、第１真空容器３１から導かれた水蒸気を凝縮するために供された後、第２真空容器３２の底部に貯留される。第２真空容器３２の底部に貯留される空調用水冷媒は、上述のように、第２還流配管３ｂ及び第２熱交換器４５を介して、放射空調設備５の熱媒体流路５５に導かれる。   The water refrigerant that has passed through the heat medium passage 55 is guided to the spray nozzle 40 of the second vacuum vessel 32 through the second reflux pipe 3b. The water refrigerant sprayed from the spray nozzle 40 into the second vacuum container 32 is used to condense the water vapor introduced from the first vacuum container 31 as described above, and then the bottom of the second vacuum container 32. It is stored in. The air-conditioning water refrigerant stored at the bottom of the second vacuum vessel 32 is guided to the heat medium passage 55 of the radiant air-conditioning equipment 5 through the second reflux pipe 3b and the second heat exchanger 45 as described above. .

また、水冷媒冷凍装置３においては、第２圧縮機４５の作用により、第３真空容器３３内の圧力は低下し、この容器の内部に貯留されている水冷媒の一部が蒸発して水蒸気となる。真空下で水冷媒の一部が蒸発すると、発生蒸気の蒸発潜熱分の熱量が、第３真空容器３３に残留している水冷媒から奪われるため、残留水冷媒の温度が低下し、例えば２２℃の水冷媒となる。   Further, in the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3, the pressure in the third vacuum vessel 33 decreases due to the action of the second compressor 45, and a part of the water refrigerant stored in the vessel evaporates to cause water vapor. It becomes. When a part of the water refrigerant evaporates under vacuum, the amount of heat corresponding to the latent heat of evaporation of the generated steam is taken away from the water refrigerant remaining in the third vacuum vessel 33, so that the temperature of the residual water refrigerant decreases, for example, 22 It becomes water refrigerant at ℃.

２２℃の温度に低下した水冷媒は、第３還流配管３ｃ及び第２熱交換器４５を介して、第３真空容器３３の散布ノズル４１から第３真空容器３３の内部に散布される。第２熱交換器４５においては、第３真空容器３３から導かれる水冷媒が、上述のように、第２真空容器３２から導かれる例えば２６℃の空調用水冷媒との間で熱交換を行って。例えば２５℃まで加熱される。第３真空容器３３の内部に散布された水冷媒は、上述のように、第２圧縮機４５の作用によりその一部が水蒸気になると共に、残りは、冷却されて第３真空容器３３の底部に貯留される。第３真空容器３３の底部に貯留される水冷媒は、上述のように、第３還流配管３ｃ及び第２熱交換器４５を介して、散布ノズル４１に導かれる。   The water refrigerant lowered to a temperature of 22 ° C. is sprayed from the spray nozzle 41 of the third vacuum container 33 into the third vacuum container 33 through the third reflux pipe 3 c and the second heat exchanger 45. In the second heat exchanger 45, the water refrigerant guided from the third vacuum container 33 exchanges heat with the air refrigerant for air conditioning of 26 ° C. guided from the second vacuum container 32 as described above. . For example, it is heated to 25 ° C. As described above, a part of the water refrigerant sprayed inside the third vacuum vessel 33 is converted into water vapor by the action of the second compressor 45, and the rest is cooled to the bottom of the third vacuum vessel 33. It is stored in. The water refrigerant stored at the bottom of the third vacuum vessel 33 is guided to the spray nozzle 41 via the third reflux pipe 3c and the second heat exchanger 45 as described above.

第３真空容器３３で生成された水蒸気は、第２圧縮機４５を介して高圧水蒸気となって第４真空容器３４に導かれる。第４真空容器３４に導かれた高圧の水蒸気は、調湿装置２３の熱媒体コイル２４を通過して散布ノズル４２から散布される例えば２５℃の水冷媒によって冷却されて凝縮し、例えば、３０℃の水冷媒になって第４真空容器３４の底部に貯留される。   The water vapor generated in the third vacuum container 33 is led to the fourth vacuum container 34 through the second compressor 45 as high-pressure steam. The high-pressure steam led to the fourth vacuum vessel 34 is cooled and condensed by, for example, a 25 ° C. water refrigerant sprayed from the spray nozzle 42 through the heat medium coil 24 of the humidity controller 23, for example, 30 It becomes a water refrigerant at 0 ° C. and is stored at the bottom of the fourth vacuum vessel 34.

第４真空容器３４の底部に貯留される水冷媒は、第４還流配管３ｄを介して調湿装置２３の熱媒体コイル２４に導かれる。熱媒体コイル２４に導かれる水冷媒は、後述のように顕熱交換器２２から導かれた空気を間接加熱する。熱媒体コイル２４を通過する水冷媒は、顕熱交換器２２から供給される空気によって冷却されて、例えば２５℃の水冷媒となる。   The water refrigerant stored at the bottom of the fourth vacuum vessel 34 is guided to the heat medium coil 24 of the humidity controller 23 via the fourth reflux pipe 3d. The water refrigerant led to the heat medium coil 24 indirectly heats the air led from the sensible heat exchanger 22 as described later. The water refrigerant passing through the heat medium coil 24 is cooled by the air supplied from the sensible heat exchanger 22 to become, for example, a 25 ° C. water refrigerant.

熱媒体コイル２４を通過した水冷媒は、第４還流配管３ｄを介して第４真空容器３４の散布ノズル４２に導かれ、当該散布ノズル４２から第４真空容器３４内部に散布される。散布ノズル４２から散布される水冷媒は、上述のように、第３真空容器３３から導かれた水蒸気を凝縮するために供された後、第４真空容器３４の底部に貯留される。第４真空容器３４の底部に貯留される水冷媒は、上述のように、第４真空容器３４を介して、調湿装置２３の熱媒体コイル２４に導かれる。   The water refrigerant that has passed through the heat medium coil 24 is guided to the spray nozzle 42 of the fourth vacuum vessel 34 through the fourth reflux pipe 3d and sprayed from the spray nozzle 42 into the fourth vacuum vessel 34. As described above, the water refrigerant sprayed from the spray nozzle 42 is provided to condense the water vapor introduced from the third vacuum container 33 and then stored in the bottom of the fourth vacuum container 34. The water refrigerant stored at the bottom of the fourth vacuum vessel 34 is guided to the heat medium coil 24 of the humidity controller 23 via the fourth vacuum vessel 34 as described above.

空気調和設備２においては、まず、例えば０℃の室外の空気が、図示しないポンプ等の作用により、吸気配管２ａを介して全熱交換器２１に導かれる。この空気は、室内空気排出配管２ｃにより導かれる室内空間７の空気との間で全熱交換を行う。冬期における室内空間７の温度及び絶対湿度は、室外の空気よりも高い状態であるから、吸気配管２ａにより導かれた低温かつ低湿度の空気は、温度及び湿度共に高められる（例えば、温度が１１℃、絶対湿度が４．８ｇ／ｋｇの空気となる）。   In the air conditioning facility 2, first, outdoor air at, for example, 0 ° C. is led to the total heat exchanger 21 through the intake pipe 2 a by the action of a pump (not shown). This air performs total heat exchange with the air in the indoor space 7 guided by the indoor air discharge pipe 2c. Since the temperature and absolute humidity of the indoor space 7 in winter are higher than the outdoor air, the temperature and humidity of the low-temperature and low-humidity air guided by the intake pipe 2a are increased (for example, the temperature is 11). C. and absolute humidity is 4.8 g / kg air).

次に、温度及び絶対湿度が高められた空気は、顕熱交換器２２に導かれ、調湿装置２３を通過した空気との間で顕熱交換を行う。調湿装置２３を通過した空気は、後述のように高温であるため、全熱交換器２１から導かれた空気は、絶対湿度を維持したまま温度のみが更に高められた状態（例えば１８℃）となって調湿装置２３に導かれる。   Next, the air whose temperature and absolute humidity have been increased is guided to the sensible heat exchanger 22 and exchanges sensible heat with the air that has passed through the humidity control device 23. Since the air that has passed through the humidity control device 23 has a high temperature as will be described later, the temperature of the air guided from the total heat exchanger 21 is further increased while maintaining the absolute humidity (for example, 18 ° C.). And led to the humidity control device 23.

調湿装置２３においては、導かれた空気が、水冷媒冷凍装置３の第４真空容器３４から供給された例えば３０℃の水冷媒を熱媒体として流送される熱媒体コイル２４の外部を通過することにより、加熱される。また、加湿器２５から水蒸気の供給を受けるため、空気の絶対湿度が高められる。したがって、調湿装置２３を通過した空気は、高温多湿の状態となる（例えば、温度が２２℃、絶対湿度が６．４ｇ／ｋｇの空気となる）。このように、暖房運転時においては、空気が加湿器２５を通過する前において、温かい水冷媒が供給された熱媒体コイル２４により空気が予め加熱されるため、加湿器２５を通過する際に多くの水蒸気を空気中に含ませることが可能になり、効率よく空気の加湿を行うことができる。   In the humidity controller 23, the guided air passes through the outside of the heat medium coil 24, which is fed using, for example, a 30 ° C. water refrigerant supplied from the fourth vacuum container 34 of the water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3. By doing so, it is heated. Further, since the water vapor is supplied from the humidifier 25, the absolute humidity of the air is increased. Therefore, the air that has passed through the humidity control device 23 is in a high-temperature and high-humidity state (for example, air having a temperature of 22 ° C. and an absolute humidity of 6.4 g / kg). Thus, during heating operation, air is preheated by the heat medium coil 24 supplied with the warm water refrigerant before the air passes through the humidifier 25, so that it is often used when passing through the humidifier 25. The water vapor can be contained in the air, and the air can be efficiently humidified.

調湿装置２３を通過した高温多湿の空気は、顕熱交換器２２において、全熱交換器２１から導かれた温度の低い空気との顕熱交換により絶対湿度を維持したまま冷却されて室内空間７に導かれる。したがって、室内空間７供給される空気は、低温多湿な状態となっている（例えば、温度が１５℃、絶対湿度が６．４ｇ／ｋｇの空気となる）。   The high-temperature and high-humidity air that has passed through the humidity control device 23 is cooled in the sensible heat exchanger 22 while maintaining the absolute humidity by sensible heat exchange with the low-temperature air led from the total heat exchanger 21, and the indoor space 7 Therefore, the air supplied to the indoor space 7 is in a low temperature and high humidity state (for example, air having a temperature of 15 ° C. and an absolute humidity of 6.4 g / kg).

室内空間７の空気は、室内空気排出配管２ｃを介して全熱交換器２１に導かれ、吸気配管２ａにより導かれた室外空気との間で全熱交換を行う。これにより、室内空間７から導かれた空気は、温度及び絶対湿度共に低下した状態となり、室外に排気される（例えば、温度が１１℃、絶対湿度が４．８ｇ／ｋｇの空気となって、室外に排出される）。   The air in the indoor space 7 is guided to the total heat exchanger 21 via the indoor air discharge pipe 2c, and performs total heat exchange with the outdoor air guided by the intake pipe 2a. Thereby, the air led from the indoor space 7 is in a state where both the temperature and the absolute humidity are reduced, and is exhausted to the outside (for example, the temperature is 11 ° C. and the absolute humidity is 4.8 g / kg, Discharged outside the room).

本実施形態に係る冷暖房システム１が有する水冷媒冷凍装置３は、第２真空容器３２で処理され放射空調設備５の熱媒体流路５５に導かれる水冷媒と、第３真空容器３３で処理される水冷媒との間で熱交換を行う第２熱交換器４７を備えているので、冷房運転時の場合には、第３真空容器３３の散布ノズル４１が第３真空容器３３内に散布する水冷媒の温度を効率的に低下させることができる。これにより、第４真空容器４２から第３真空容器３３に導かれる水蒸気を効率よく冷却して凝縮させることが可能となり、第２圧縮機４５の作動負荷を低減させつつ、第４真空容器４２からの発生水蒸気量を増大させることができる。そして、第４真空容器４２からの発生水蒸気量を増大できる結果、第４真空容器４２内に貯留され、熱媒体コイル２４に導かれる冷却除湿用の水冷媒の温度を効率よく低下させることができる。   The water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus 3 included in the air conditioning system 1 according to the present embodiment is processed by the third vacuum vessel 33 and the water refrigerant that is processed by the second vacuum vessel 32 and led to the heat medium flow path 55 of the radiant air conditioning equipment 5. Since the second heat exchanger 47 for exchanging heat with the water refrigerant is provided, the spray nozzle 41 of the third vacuum container 33 sprays the third vacuum container 33 in the cooling operation. The temperature of the water refrigerant can be reduced efficiently. This makes it possible to efficiently cool and condense the water vapor guided from the fourth vacuum container 42 to the third vacuum container 33, and reduce the operating load of the second compressor 45, while reducing the operating load from the fourth vacuum container 42. The amount of water vapor generated can be increased. As a result of increasing the amount of water vapor generated from the fourth vacuum vessel 42, the temperature of the water refrigerant for cooling and dehumidification stored in the fourth vacuum vessel 42 and guided to the heat medium coil 24 can be reduced efficiently. .

また、暖房運転時の場合には、第２真空容器３２から放射空調設備５の熱媒体流路５５に導かれる水冷媒により、第３真空容器３３の底部から還流されて散布ノズル４１から第３真空容器３３内に散布される水冷媒の温度を効率的に上昇させることができる。この結果、蒸発器として作動する第３真空容器３３において発生する水蒸気量を増大させることができるので、第４真空容器４２内に凝縮して貯留され、熱媒体コイル２４に導かれる水冷媒の温度を効率よく上昇させることができる。   Further, in the heating operation, the water refrigerant guided from the second vacuum vessel 32 to the heat medium flow path 55 of the radiant air-conditioning equipment 5 is recirculated from the bottom of the third vacuum vessel 33 and is supplied from the spray nozzle 41 to the third. The temperature of the water refrigerant sprayed in the vacuum vessel 33 can be increased efficiently. As a result, the amount of water vapor generated in the third vacuum vessel 33 operating as an evaporator can be increased, so that the temperature of the water refrigerant condensed and stored in the fourth vacuum vessel 42 and guided to the heat medium coil 24. Can be raised efficiently.

また、本実施形態に係る冷暖房システム１が有する空気調和設備２は、冷房運転時において、顕熱交換器２２が、全熱交換器２１を通過した室外の空気と、調湿装置２３を通過し湿気が除去された低温の空気との間で顕熱交換を行うように構成されているため、室内空間７に供給される空気に含まれる湿気を少ない状態に維持したまま（除湿された状態のまま）、当該空気の温度を効率よく再熱することができ、再熱負荷を低減させることができる。更に、顕熱交換器２２の作用により、調湿装置２３に導かれる空気の温度を低い状態に変化させることができるので、冷却コイルとして機能する熱媒体コイル２４の作動負荷を低減させることができる。このように顕熱交換器２２単体の作用により、室内空間７に供給される空気を効率的に再熱することができると共に、熱媒体コイル２４の作動負荷を低減させることができるので、大幅な省エネルギー効果を得ることができる上に、空気調和設備２の小型化を図ることも可能になる。   In the air conditioning system 2 of the cooling / heating system 1 according to the present embodiment, the sensible heat exchanger 22 passes the outdoor air that has passed through the total heat exchanger 21 and the humidity control device 23 during the cooling operation. Since sensible heat exchange is performed with the low-temperature air from which moisture has been removed, the moisture contained in the air supplied to the indoor space 7 is maintained in a low state (in a dehumidified state). As is, the temperature of the air can be efficiently reheated, and the reheat load can be reduced. Furthermore, since the temperature of the air led to the humidity control device 23 can be changed to a low state by the action of the sensible heat exchanger 22, the operating load of the heat medium coil 24 functioning as a cooling coil can be reduced. . As described above, by the action of the sensible heat exchanger 22 alone, the air supplied to the indoor space 7 can be efficiently reheated, and the operating load of the heat medium coil 24 can be reduced. In addition to obtaining an energy saving effect, the air conditioning equipment 2 can be downsized.

また、暖房運転時においては、顕熱交換器２２の作用により、室内空間７に供給される空気に含まれる湿気を多い状態に維持したまま、当該空気の温度を効率よく下げることができる。更に、調湿装置２３に導かれる空気の温度を、当該調湿装置２３を通過した空気の熱エネルギーを利用して加温することができるので、加熱コイルとして機能する熱媒体コイル２４の作動負荷を効率よく低減させることができ、高い省エネルギー効果を得ることが可能になる。   Further, during the heating operation, the temperature of the air can be efficiently lowered by the action of the sensible heat exchanger 22 while maintaining a high humidity in the air supplied to the indoor space 7. Furthermore, since the temperature of the air led to the humidity control device 23 can be heated using the thermal energy of the air that has passed through the humidity control device 23, the operating load of the heat medium coil 24 that functions as a heating coil Can be efficiently reduced, and a high energy-saving effect can be obtained.

また、冷房運転時においては、調湿装置２３における熱媒体コイル２４に供給する水冷媒の温度や流量などを制御することにより、熱媒体コイル２４を通過し顕熱交換器２２に導かれる空気の温度を容易に変化させることができる。この結果、顕熱交換器２２を通過して室内空間７に供給される空気の温度を所望の値に設定することができ、室内空間７の室温制御を容易に行うことができる。同様に、暖房運転時においても、熱媒体コイル２４に供給する水冷媒の温度や流量等を制御することにより、室内空間７に供給される空気の温度を所望の値に設定することが可能になる。   Further, during the cooling operation, by controlling the temperature and flow rate of the water refrigerant supplied to the heat medium coil 24 in the humidity controller 23, the air that passes through the heat medium coil 24 and is guided to the sensible heat exchanger 22 is controlled. The temperature can be easily changed. As a result, the temperature of the air that passes through the sensible heat exchanger 22 and is supplied to the indoor space 7 can be set to a desired value, and the room temperature of the indoor space 7 can be easily controlled. Similarly, during the heating operation, it is possible to set the temperature of the air supplied to the indoor space 7 to a desired value by controlling the temperature and flow rate of the water refrigerant supplied to the heat medium coil 24. Become.

また、本実施形態においては、吸気配管２ａにより導かれた室外の空気と、室内空気排気配管２ｃにより導かれた室内空間７の空気との間で、顕熱及び潜熱の交換を行う全熱交換器２１を備えている。これにより、室内空間７から排出される空気の持つ熱エネルギーを有効的に利用して、室外の空気が有する温度や湿度を所望の状態に調整して顕熱交換器２２に導くことができるので、顕熱交換器２２の作動負荷を低減させることが可能になる。この結果、冷房運転時及び暖房運転時の双方において、大幅な省エネルギー効果を得ることができ、空気調和設備２のランニングコストをより一層低減させることができる。   Further, in the present embodiment, total heat exchange is performed for exchanging sensible heat and latent heat between outdoor air guided by the intake pipe 2a and air in the indoor space 7 guided by the indoor air exhaust pipe 2c. A container 21 is provided. As a result, the thermal energy of the air exhausted from the indoor space 7 can be effectively used, and the temperature and humidity of the outdoor air can be adjusted to a desired state and guided to the sensible heat exchanger 22. The operating load of the sensible heat exchanger 22 can be reduced. As a result, a significant energy saving effect can be obtained both during the cooling operation and during the heating operation, and the running cost of the air conditioning equipment 2 can be further reduced.

本発明の一実施形態に係る水冷媒冷凍装置を有する冷暖房システムの基本構成を示すシステム構成図（冷房運転時）である1 is a system configuration diagram (during cooling operation) showing a basic configuration of an air conditioning system having a water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る水冷媒冷凍装置を有する冷暖房システムの基本構成を示すシステム構成図（暖房運転時）である。It is a system configuration figure (at the time of heating operation) which shows the basic composition of the air conditioning system which has the water refrigerant refrigeration equipment concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 図１及び図２に示す冷暖房システムが有する放射空調設備が備える放射パネルの一例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an example of the radiation panel with which the radiation air-conditioning equipment which the air-conditioning system shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 has is provided. 従来の冷暖房システムの基本構成を示すシステム構成図である。It is a system block diagram which shows the basic composition of the conventional air conditioning system.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 冷暖房システム
２ 空気調和装置
３ 水冷媒冷凍装置
３１ 第１真空容器
３２ 第２真空容器
３３ 第３真空容器
３４ 第４真空容器
３５〜３８ 還流散布手段
３９〜４２ 散布ノズル
４４ 第１圧縮機
４５ 第２圧縮機
４６ 第１熱交換器
４７ 第２熱交換器
５ 放射空調設備
５１ 放射パネル
５２ 放射板
５３ 熱媒体流通管
５５ 熱媒体流路
６ 熱交換塔
７ 室内空間

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Air conditioning system 2 Air conditioning apparatus 3 Water refrigerant | coolant freezing apparatus 31 1st vacuum vessel 32 2nd vacuum vessel 33 3rd vacuum vessel 34 4th vacuum vessel 35-38 Reflux spraying means 39-42 Spray nozzle 44 1st compressor 45 1st 2 compressor 46 1st heat exchanger 47 2nd heat exchanger 5 Radiation air-conditioning equipment 51 Radiation panel 52 Radiation plate 53 Heat medium distribution pipe 55 Heat medium flow path 6 Heat exchange tower 7 Indoor space

Claims (3)

貯留空間に水冷媒がそれぞれ真空状態で貯留されると共に、該水冷媒を還流して前記貯留空間に散布する還流散布手段をそれぞれ有する第１真空容器、第２真空容器、第３真空容器及び第４真空容器と、
前記第１真空容器及び前記第２真空容器を連通接続する連結配管内に水蒸気を可逆流送する第１圧縮機と、
前記第３真空容器及び前記第４真空容器を連通接続する連結配管内に水蒸気を可逆流送する第２圧縮機と、
前記第２真空容器の還流散布手段により還流される水冷媒、及び、前記第３真空容器の還流散布手段により還流される水冷媒の間で熱交換を行う熱交換器とを備える水冷媒冷凍装置。 Water refrigerant is stored in the storage space in a vacuum state, and each of the first vacuum container, the second vacuum container, the third vacuum container, and the second vacuum container has reflux circulation means for refluxing the water refrigerant and spraying the water refrigerant in the storage space. 4 vacuum vessels,
A first compressor for reversibly flowing water vapor into a connecting pipe connecting the first vacuum vessel and the second vacuum vessel;
A second compressor for reversibly flowing water vapor into a connecting pipe connecting the third vacuum container and the fourth vacuum container;
A water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus comprising: a water refrigerant that is refluxed by the reflux spraying means of the second vacuum container; and a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the water refrigerant refluxed by the reflux spraying means of the third vacuum container. . 前記第１圧縮機及び第２圧縮機は、ルーツポンプである請求項１に記載の水冷媒冷凍装置。   The water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first compressor and the second compressor are Roots pumps. 請求項１又は２に記載の水冷媒冷凍装置と、
熱源からの放熱或いは熱源への吸熱により、室内空間の空調を行う放射空調設備と、
内部を通過する熱媒体と外部を通過する空気との間で熱交換を行うことにより、空気の冷熱又は加熱を行う熱媒体コイルとを備えており、
前記第２真空容器の還流散布手段は、前記熱交換器において熱交換された後の水冷媒を、前記放射空調設備の熱源として供給した後、前記第２真空容器の前記貯留空間に散布するように構成されており、
前記第４真空容器の還流散布手段は、前記第４真空容器の前記貯留空間に貯留される水冷媒を、前記熱媒体コイルを通過する熱媒体として供給した後、前記第４真空容器の前記貯留空間に散布するように構成されている冷暖房システム。
The water refrigerant refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
Radiation air-conditioning equipment that air-conditions the indoor space by heat radiation from the heat source or heat absorption to the heat source,
A heat medium coil that cools or heats the air by exchanging heat between the heat medium passing through the inside and the air passing through the outside;
The reflux spraying means of the second vacuum container supplies the water refrigerant after heat exchange in the heat exchanger as a heat source of the radiation air-conditioning equipment, and then sprays it in the storage space of the second vacuum container. Is composed of
The reflux distribution means of the fourth vacuum container supplies the water refrigerant stored in the storage space of the fourth vacuum container as a heat medium passing through the heat medium coil, and then stores the storage of the fourth vacuum container. An air-conditioning system that is configured to spread in space.
JP2007288632A 2007-11-06 2007-11-06 Water refrigerant refrigerating device and heating/cooling system comprising the same Pending JP2009115379A (en)

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