JP2009068061A - Method for producing core shell type silver-tin composite particle, core shell type silver-tin composite particle, black material, black light shielding film, and black particle-dispersed liquid - Google Patents

Method for producing core shell type silver-tin composite particle, core shell type silver-tin composite particle, black material, black light shielding film, and black particle-dispersed liquid Download PDF

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JP2009068061A
JP2009068061A JP2007236662A JP2007236662A JP2009068061A JP 2009068061 A JP2009068061 A JP 2009068061A JP 2007236662 A JP2007236662 A JP 2007236662A JP 2007236662 A JP2007236662 A JP 2007236662A JP 2009068061 A JP2009068061 A JP 2009068061A
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JP5092637B2 (en
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Toyomasa Nakano
豊将 中野
Sunao Neya
直 根矢
Yosuke Takeda
洋介 竹田
Yuichiro Odaka
雄一朗 小▲高▼
Masahide Takizawa
昌秀 滝沢
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Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a core shell type silver-tin composite particle not only having high blackness and excellent light shieldability, but also having excellent heat resistance and a reduced environmental load, to provide an inexpensive core shell type silver-tin composite particle, to provide a black material, to provide a black light shielding film, and to provide a black particle-dispersed liquid. <P>SOLUTION: The core shell type silver-tin composite particle 1 has the average particle diameter of 1 to 300 nm, and has a structure where a tin particulate 2 essentially consisting of tin and also formed into the nucleus is covered with an outer shell layer 3 as a film with fine pores composed of at least one kind selected from silver, a silver-tin alloy, silver and a silver-tin alloy. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、コアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法及びコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子並びに黒色材料、黒色遮光膜、黒色粒子分散液に関し、特に、記録材、各種表示装置のブラックマトリックス等に好適に用いられ、黒色度が高く、光の遮蔽性に優れたコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法、及び、この製造方法により得られたコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子、並びに、このコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を含有した黒色材料、黒色遮光膜、黒色粒子分散液に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, black materials, black light-shielding films, and black particle dispersions, and is particularly suitable for recording materials, black matrices of various display devices, and the like. Core-shell type silver-tin composite particles having high blackness and excellent light shielding properties, core-shell type silver-tin composite particles obtained by this production method, and core-shell type silver-tin composite particles The present invention relates to the contained black material, black light shielding film, and black particle dispersion.

従来、黒色材料としては、カーボンブラック、低次酸化チタン、酸化鉄、クロム、銀微粒子等が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
これらの黒色材料は、黒色光遮蔽性フイルム、黒色光遮蔽性ガラス、黒色紙、黒色布、黒色インキ、プラズマディスプレイ(PDP)や液晶ディスプレイ(LCD)のブラックマトリックス材料、ブラックシール材、ブラックマスク材等に黒色や光遮蔽性を付与する材料として利用されている。
Conventionally, carbon black, low-order titanium oxide, iron oxide, chromium, silver fine particles, and the like are known as black materials (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
These black materials are black light shielding film, black light shielding glass, black paper, black cloth, black ink, black matrix material for plasma display (PDP) and liquid crystal display (LCD), black seal material, black mask material. For example, it is used as a material that imparts black color or light shielding properties.

一方、金、白金族元素、またはこれらの合金を黒色化する場合、これらの金属または合金の母材の表面に黒色酸化物からなる被膜を形成する方法が採られているが、この方法では、黒色酸化物が母材から剥離し易く、耐久性のある黒色合金が得られなかった。そこで、金、白金族元素、またはこれらの合金、または前記いずれかの金属または合金に銀を添加した合金に、銅、ニッケル、鉄等の金属を添加し、酸化することにより、表面に密着性の良い黒色酸化物層を形成した黒色合金が提案されている(特許文献2参照)。
さらに、感光材料の分野では、鮮鋭性を向上させ、裏面から露光された光学情報を適切な濃度で記録し、かつ現像処理時の赤外線検出特性が改良された写真用の感光材料として、水性ゼラチン中に黒色コロイド銀を分散した黒色コロイド銀分散物が提案されている(特許文献3参照)。
特開平5−127433号公報 特開平10−8235号公報 特開2000−155387号公報
On the other hand, when blackening gold, platinum group elements, or alloys thereof, a method of forming a film made of a black oxide on the surface of the base material of these metals or alloys has been adopted, The black oxide easily peeled from the base material, and a durable black alloy was not obtained. Therefore, by adding metal such as copper, nickel, iron, etc. to gold, platinum group elements, alloys thereof, or any of the above metals or alloys to which silver is added, the surface is adhered. A black alloy having a good black oxide layer has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
Furthermore, in the field of photosensitive materials, aqueous gelatin is used as a photographic photosensitive material that improves sharpness, records optical information exposed from the back surface at an appropriate density, and has improved infrared detection characteristics during development processing. A black colloidal silver dispersion in which black colloidal silver is dispersed has been proposed (see Patent Document 3).
JP-A-5-127433 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-8235 JP 2000-155387 A

ところで、従来のカーボンブラック、低次酸化チタン、酸化鉄等は、黒色ではあるが光遮蔽性が不十分である。そこで、これらの黒色材料を含む膜を用いて光を遮蔽するためには、黒色材料を含む塗布液を厚く塗布して厚みのある膜を基材に形成する必要がある。
これらの黒色材料を白色基材上に黒色の線を描く記録材として用いた場合、光遮蔽性が弱いために下地の白色基材との境界線部分がぼやけてしまい、シャープな線を描くことができないという問題点があった。
これらの黒色材料を光遮蔽材料として用いた場合、光遮蔽性を高めるためには材料中の黒色材料の体積比を多くする必要があり、相対的にバインダーの含有量が減少することになる。したがって、これらの黒色材料を用いて黒色塗膜を作製した場合、塗膜の強度が低下し、信頼性を維持することができないという問題点があった。
By the way, conventional carbon black, low-order titanium oxide, iron oxide and the like are black but have insufficient light shielding properties. Therefore, in order to shield light using a film containing these black materials, it is necessary to form a thick film on a substrate by thickly applying a coating liquid containing a black material.
When these black materials are used as a recording material that draws a black line on a white substrate, the light shielding property is weak, so the boundary line with the white substrate is blurred and draws a sharp line. There was a problem that could not.
When these black materials are used as the light shielding material, it is necessary to increase the volume ratio of the black material in the material in order to improve the light shielding properties, and the binder content is relatively reduced. Therefore, when a black coating film was produced using these black materials, there was a problem that the strength of the coating film was lowered and the reliability could not be maintained.

また、クロムは、黒色度及び光遮蔽性に優れているものの、重金属である点、環境負荷が大きい点等、様々な理由から、適用可能な製品が制限されるという問題点があった。
また、写真フイルム等に用いられている臭化銀を還元することにより生成される銀粒子は、黒色度及び光遮蔽性に優れているが、銀自体が貴金属で、しかも高価であることから、一部の高額な製品は別として、一般に汎用製品の黒色材料として用いられることはない。
さらに、銀コロイドを用いて黒色塗膜を形成する場合では、遮光性には優れるものの、メタリック色を帯びるために、優れた黒色度を発現することができない。
Although chromium is excellent in blackness and light shielding properties, there is a problem that applicable products are limited for various reasons such as a heavy metal and a large environmental load.
In addition, silver particles produced by reducing silver bromide used in photographic films and the like are excellent in blackness and light shielding properties, but silver itself is a noble metal and is expensive. Apart from some expensive products, they are generally not used as black materials for general purpose products.
Furthermore, when forming a black coating film using silver colloid, although it is excellent in light-shielding property, since it is tinged with metallic color, it cannot express the outstanding blackness.

そこで、本発明者等は、銀と比べて安価ではあるが、耐熱性及び耐食性が銀より劣る錫を主成分とする核を、耐熱性及び耐食性に優れた銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層により被覆したコアシェル粒子とし、さらに、このコアシェル粒子の平均粒子径を1nm以上かつ300nm以下とすることで、黒色度が高く、遮光性に優れ、さらに、錫粒子に比べて耐熱性及び耐食性に優れ、しかも、銀と比べて安価な黒色材料を提案した(特願2006−67477号)。   Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have a core composed mainly of tin, which is cheaper than silver but is inferior to silver in heat resistance and corrosion resistance, and has a silver tin alloy, silver and silver tin alloy excellent in heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Core-shell particles coated with an outer shell layer made of any one of the above, and by making the average particle diameter of the core-shell particles 1 nm or more and 300 nm or less, the blackness is high and the light shielding property is excellent. A black material excellent in heat resistance and corrosion resistance compared to particles and cheaper than silver was proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-67477).

ところで、本発明者等が提案した上記の黒色材料を、カラーフィルター用のブラックマトリックス材料に用いるために評価を行ったところ、黒色度及び光遮蔽性は優れているものの、耐熱性は不十分なものであった。また、この黒色材料をブラックマトリックス材料以外に適用した場合、ものによっては更なる耐熱性が必要となることも考えられ、この黒色材料の耐熱性をさらに向上させることが重要な点となっていた。   By the way, when the above black material proposed by the present inventors was evaluated for use as a black matrix material for a color filter, the blackness and light shielding properties were excellent, but the heat resistance was insufficient. It was a thing. Further, when this black material is applied to a material other than the black matrix material, it may be necessary to further improve the heat resistance depending on the material, and it has been important to further improve the heat resistance of the black material. .

また、上記の黒色材料の特性を調整しようとする場合、コアシェル粒子の外殻層の量、すなわち外殻層の厚みを制御することにより、特性を調整することになる。この場合、錫を主成分とする核の量や大きさが最適値となっているとは限らないために、この核の量を調整するだけでは必要とする特性値が得られないことがある。また、必要な特性が得られたとしても、外殻層の量が過大になってしまい、コストの増大を招く等の問題もある。   Moreover, when it is going to adjust the characteristic of said black material, a characteristic will be adjusted by controlling the quantity of the outer shell layer of a core-shell particle, ie, the thickness of an outer shell layer. In this case, since the amount and size of the core mainly composed of tin are not necessarily the optimum value, the required characteristic value may not be obtained only by adjusting the amount of the core. . Further, even if necessary characteristics are obtained, there is a problem that the amount of the outer shell layer becomes excessive and the cost is increased.

本発明は、上記の課題を解決するためになされたものであって、黒色度が高く、遮光性に優れるだけでなく、耐熱性にも優れ、しかも、環境負荷が小さく、安価なコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法及びコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子並びに黒色材料、黒色遮光膜、黒色粒子分散液を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has high blackness and excellent light shielding properties, as well as excellent heat resistance, and has a low environmental burden and is inexpensive. The object is to provide a method for producing tin composite particles, core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, a black material, a black light-shielding film, and a black particle dispersion.

本発明者等は、黒色度が高く、遮光性に優れたコアシェル粒子を含む黒色材料について改良すべく鋭意検討を行った結果、錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子の表面に、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層を形成し、次いで、前記微粒子の一部を溶解し除去することにより、前記微粒子と前記外殻層との相対量を調整することとすれば、黒色度が高く、遮光性に優れ、十分な耐熱性を有するとともに、特性調整が容易であり、しかも安価なコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。   As a result of intensive studies to improve the black material containing core-shell particles having high blackness and excellent light-shielding properties, the present inventors have found that silver, silver or silver The outer shell layer made of any one of tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy is formed, and then the relative amount between the fine particles and the outer shell layer is adjusted by dissolving and removing a part of the fine particles. If so, the present inventors found that core-shell type silver-tin composite particles having high blackness, excellent light-shielding properties, sufficient heat resistance, easy characteristic adjustment, and low cost can be obtained. It came to be completed.

すなわち、本発明のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法は、錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子を、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層により被覆してなるコアシェル構造の粒子からなり、かつ、このコアシェル構造の粒子の平均粒子径は1nm以上かつ300nm以下であるコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法であって、
錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子の表面に、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層を形成し、次いで、前記微粒子の一部を溶解し除去することにより、前記微粒子と前記外殻層との相対量を調整することを特徴とする。
That is, in the method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present invention, fine particles that are mainly composed of tin and are cores are formed by an outer shell layer made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver, and silver-tin alloy. A core-shell type silver-tin composite particle comprising a core-shell structure particle coated and having an average particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 300 nm or less.
An outer shell layer made of any one of silver, a silver-tin alloy, silver and a silver-tin alloy is formed on the surface of fine particles containing tin as a main component and serving as a nucleus, and then a part of the fine particles is dissolved and removed. By doing so, the relative amount of the fine particles and the outer shell layer is adjusted.

このコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法では、前記微粒子の一部を溶解し除去する際に、前記微粒子及び前記外殻層各々の溶解・除去する量を異ならせることにより、前記微粒子と前記外殻層との相対量を調整することが好ましい。
前記微粒子及び前記外殻層からなる粒子全体の銀の含有率が30質量%以上かつ80質量%以下となるように、前記微粒子の質量及び前記外殻層の出発原料の質量を調整することが好ましい。
前記外殻層は、微細孔を有する膜、極微粒子が集合してなる膜のいずれかであることが好ましい。
前記微粒子の一部を溶解し除去する際に用いられる溶解剤は、有機酸であることが好ましい。
In this method for producing a core-shell type silver-tin composite particle, when part of the fine particles are dissolved and removed, the amount of the fine particles and the outer shell layer to be dissolved / removed is made different so that the fine particles and the outer shell are separated. It is preferable to adjust the relative amount with the shell layer.
Adjusting the mass of the fine particles and the mass of the starting material of the outer shell layer so that the silver content of the whole particles composed of the fine particles and the outer shell layer is 30% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less. preferable.
The outer shell layer is preferably either a film having fine pores or a film formed by collecting ultrafine particles.
It is preferable that the dissolving agent used when dissolving and removing a part of the fine particles is an organic acid.

このコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法では、前記錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子を分散媒に分散した分散液に、銀化合物、銀化合物および錫化合物、のいずれか一方または双方と錯化剤とを含む溶液を添加し、前記微粒子の表面に銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層を形成することが好ましい。
前記溶液の水素イオン指数を調整し、この調整後の溶液を前記分散液に添加することが好ましい。
In this method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, a dispersion liquid in which fine particles serving as a main component of tin and nuclei are dispersed in a dispersion medium is complexed with one or both of a silver compound, a silver compound and a tin compound. It is preferable to add a solution containing an agent to form an outer shell layer made of any one of silver, silver tin alloy, silver and silver tin alloy on the surface of the fine particles.
It is preferable to adjust the hydrogen ion index of the solution and add the adjusted solution to the dispersion.

本発明のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子は、本発明のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法により得られたことを特徴とする。
このコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子では、銀の含有率は30質量%以上かつ80質量%以下であることが好ましい。
The core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present invention are obtained by the method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present invention.
In the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, the silver content is preferably 30% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less.

本発明の黒色材料は、本発明のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を含有してなることを特徴とする。
本発明の黒色遮光膜は、本発明の黒色材料を含有してなることを特徴とする。
本発明の黒色粒子分散液は、本発明のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を分散媒に分散してなることを特徴とする。
The black material of the present invention is characterized by containing the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present invention.
The black light-shielding film of the present invention is characterized by containing the black material of the present invention.
The black particle dispersion of the present invention is characterized in that the core-shell type silver tin composite particles of the present invention are dispersed in a dispersion medium.

本発明のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法によれば、錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子の表面に、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層を形成し、次いで、この微粒子の一部を溶解し除去することにより、微粒子と外殻層との相対量を調整するので、黒色度が高く、遮光性に優れ、しかも十分な耐熱性を有するコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を製造することができる。
また、微粒子の一部を溶解し除去することにより、微粒子と外殻層との相対量を調整するので、コアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の特性を容易に調整することができる。
また、核となる微粒子の主成分を錫としたので、銀微粒子と比べて安価である。
According to the method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present invention, the outer shell composed of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy is formed on the surface of fine particles which are mainly composed of tin and are cores. By forming a layer and then dissolving and removing a part of the fine particles, the relative amount of the fine particles and the outer shell layer is adjusted, so that the blackness is high, the light shielding property is excellent, and sufficient heat resistance is obtained. The core-shell type silver-tin composite particles can be produced.
Moreover, since the relative amount of the fine particles and the outer shell layer is adjusted by dissolving and removing a part of the fine particles, the characteristics of the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles can be easily adjusted.
Further, since the main component of the fine particles serving as the core is tin, it is less expensive than the fine silver particles.

本発明のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法及びコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子並びに黒色材料、黒色遮光膜、黒色粒子分散液を実施するための最良の形態について説明する。
なお、この形態は、発明の趣旨をより良く理解させるために具体的に説明するものであり、特に指定のない限り、本発明を限定するものではない。
The production method of the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, and the best mode for carrying out the black material, the black light-shielding film, and the black particle dispersion will be described.
This embodiment is specifically described for better understanding of the gist of the invention, and does not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified.

本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法は、錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子を、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層により被覆してなるコアシェル構造の粒子からなり、かつ、このコアシェル構造の粒子の平均粒子径は1nm以上かつ300nm以下であるコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法であって、
錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子の表面に、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層を形成し、次いで、前記微粒子の一部を溶解し除去することにより、前記微粒子と前記外殻層との相対量を調整する方法である。
The method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present embodiment is obtained by coating fine particles mainly containing tin and forming a core with an outer shell layer made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver, and silver-tin alloy. A core-shell type silver-tin composite particle, wherein the core-shell structure particles have an average particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 300 nm or less,
An outer shell layer made of any one of silver, a silver-tin alloy, silver and a silver-tin alloy is formed on the surface of fine particles containing tin as a main component and serving as a nucleus, and then a part of the fine particles is dissolved and removed. This is a method for adjusting the relative amount of the fine particles and the outer shell layer.

ここでは、まず、本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法により得られたコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子について説明する。
図1は、本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の断面構造を示す模式図であり、図において、1は平均粒子径が1nm以上かつ300nm以下のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子であり、錫を主成分としかつ核となる錫微粒子2が、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる微細孔を有する膜である外殻層3により被覆された構造である。
Here, first, the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles obtained by the manufacturing method of the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of this embodiment will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a core-shell type silver-tin composite particle of the present embodiment. In the figure, 1 is a core-shell type silver-tin composite particle having an average particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 300 nm or less. This is a structure in which the tin fine particles 2 which are the main components and serve as nuclei are covered with the outer shell layer 3 which is a film having fine pores made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy.

図2は、本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の断面構造の他の例を示す模式図であり、このコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子11が図1のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子1と異なる点は、錫を主成分としかつ核となる錫微粒子2が、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる極微粒子12が密に集合した膜である外殻層13により被覆された点である。   FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another example of the cross-sectional structure of the core-shell type silver-tin composite particle of the present embodiment. The core-shell type silver-tin composite particle 11 is different from the core-shell type silver-tin composite particle 1 of FIG. Is formed by the outer shell layer 13 which is a film in which tin fine particles 2 containing tin as a main component and serving as a nucleus are densely aggregated with fine particles 12 made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy. It is a covered point.

これらのコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子1、11の平均粒子径を1nm以上かつ300nm以下としたことにより、銀粒子や錫粒子に比べて黒色度が高まり、よって、遮光性が向上する。   By setting the average particle diameter of these core-shell type silver-tin composite particles 1 and 11 to 1 nm or more and 300 nm or less, the blackness is higher than that of silver particles or tin particles, and thus the light shielding property is improved.

また、核となる錫微粒子2を、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる微細孔を有する膜である外殻層3、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる極微粒子12が密に集合した膜である外殻層13、のいずれかにより被覆したことにより、錫粒子に比べて耐熱性に優れたものとなり、機械的強度も高く、摩耗し難いという優れた特徴を有するものとなる。   Further, the tin fine particles 2 serving as the core are made of an outer shell layer 3 which is a film having fine pores made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy, silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin. By coating with any one of the outer shell layer 13 which is a film in which the ultrafine particles 12 made of any one of the alloys are densely assembled, the heat resistance is superior to that of the tin particles, and the mechanical strength is also improved. It has an excellent feature of being high and difficult to wear.

これらのコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子1、11は、化学的安定性と黒色度を同時に満足するためには、銀を30質量%以上かつ80質量%以下含有してなることが好ましい。
ここで、銀の含有率を30質量%以上かつ80質量%以下と限定した理由は、銀の含有率が30質量%未満であると、核となる錫微粒子2を被覆する外殻層3、13に含まれる銀の量が少なくなり過ぎてしまうために、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれの外殻層を用いても充分に被覆することができず、熱的安定性に乏しい錫微粒子2が酸化し易くなり、変色等が生じ易くなり、したがって、黒色度の低下、遮光性の低下を生じる虞があるからであり、一方、銀の含有率が80質量%を越えると、外殻層3、13に含まれる銀の量が多くなり過ぎてしまうために、遮光性は優れるものの、外殻層3、13自体が金属色を帯びるようになり、反射率が高くなるという問題が生じるからである。
These core-shell type silver-tin composite particles 1 and 11 preferably contain 30% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less of silver in order to satisfy both chemical stability and blackness.
Here, the reason why the silver content is limited to 30% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less is that when the silver content is less than 30% by mass, the outer shell layer 3 that covers the core tin fine particles 2; Since the amount of silver contained in 13 is excessively reduced, the outer shell layer of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver or silver-tin alloy cannot be sufficiently coated, and the thermal stability This is because the tin fine particles 2 which are scarcely oxidized are liable to be oxidized and discoloration or the like is liable to occur, and therefore there is a risk that the blackness will be lowered and the light-shielding property may be lowered, while the silver content exceeds 80% by mass. Then, since the amount of silver contained in the outer shell layers 3 and 13 becomes excessive, the light shielding properties are excellent, but the outer shell layers 3 and 13 themselves become tinged with a metal color and the reflectance is increased. This is because the problem arises.

次に、本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法について説明する。
まず、錫を主成分としかつ核となる錫微粒子2を、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層3、13により被覆する。外殻層による被覆の方法としては、所望の外殻層3、13が得られるように、無電解めっき法等のめっき法、あるいは気相反応法、噴霧熱分解法、アトマイズ法、液相反応法、凍結乾燥法、水熱合成法等の微粒子合成法を適宜選択して用いることができる。
Next, the manufacturing method of the core-shell type silver tin composite particle of this embodiment is demonstrated.
First, tin fine particles 2 containing tin as a main component and serving as a core are covered with outer shell layers 3 and 13 made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver, and silver-tin alloy. As a method of coating with the outer shell layer, a plating method such as electroless plating, a gas phase reaction method, a spray pyrolysis method, an atomization method, a liquid phase reaction is performed so that the desired outer shell layers 3 and 13 are obtained. A fine particle synthesis method such as a method, a freeze-drying method or a hydrothermal synthesis method can be appropriately selected and used.

例えば、無電解めっき法を用いる場合、核となる錫微粒子2を分散媒に分散して一旦分散液とし、この分散液に、外殻層となる銀化合物、銀化合物および錫化合物、のいずれか一方または双方と錯化剤とを含む溶液を添加することにより、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層3、13を、核となる錫微粒子2の表面に形成することができる。この無電解めっき法では、酸化還元電位の低い錫微粒子2の表面に酸化還元電位の高い銀を析出させるので、還元剤を添加しなくともめっきを行うことができるが、例えばブドウ糖のような還元剤を添加すれば、銀を容易に析出させることができる。   For example, when the electroless plating method is used, the core tin fine particles 2 are dispersed in a dispersion medium to form a dispersion once, and any one of a silver compound, a silver compound and a tin compound serving as an outer shell layer is added to the dispersion. By adding a solution containing one or both and a complexing agent, the outer shell layers 3 and 13 made of any one of silver, a silver-tin alloy, silver and a silver-tin alloy are formed on the core tin fine particles 2. It can be formed on the surface. In this electroless plating method, silver having a high redox potential is deposited on the surface of the tin fine particles 2 having a low redox potential, so that plating can be performed without adding a reducing agent. If an agent is added, silver can be easily deposited.

なお、錯化剤としては、アンモニア、アミン化合物等の窒素系錯化剤を用いることが好ましい。
さらに、上記の銀化合物、銀化合物および錫化合物、のいずれか一方または双方と錯化剤とを含む溶液は、予め水素イオン指数(pH)を調整した後に、上記の分散液に添加することが好ましい。この水素イオン指数(pH)としては9以上かつ13以下が好ましく、より好ましくは10以上かつ11以下である。
これら錯化剤の選定や水素イオン指数の調整を行なう理由は、溶液中の銀イオンおよび銀イオン錯体を安定して維持するとともに、無電解めっきを容易かつ安定に行なわせるためである。
As the complexing agent, nitrogen-based complexing agents such as ammonia and amine compounds are preferably used.
Further, the solution containing one or both of the silver compound, the silver compound and the tin compound and the complexing agent may be added to the dispersion after adjusting the hydrogen ion index (pH) in advance. preferable. The hydrogen ion index (pH) is preferably 9 or more and 13 or less, more preferably 10 or more and 11 or less.
The reason for selecting these complexing agents and adjusting the hydrogen ion index is to stably maintain the silver ions and the silver ion complex in the solution and to perform electroless plating easily and stably.

この無電解めっきの条件を調整することにより、核となる錫微粒子2の表面に、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる微細孔を有する膜である外殻層3、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる極微粒子12が密に集合した膜である外殻層13、を形成することができる。   By adjusting the conditions of the electroless plating, the outer shell layer is a film having fine pores made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy on the surface of the tin fine particles 2 serving as the nucleus. 3, outer shell layer 13 which is a film in which ultrafine particles 12 made of any one of silver, silver tin alloy, silver and silver tin alloy are densely assembled can be formed.

例えば、微細孔を有する膜状の外殻層3を得るには、還元剤などの銀および/または銀錫極微粒子析出剤を用いることなく、酸化還元電位の差のみを利用して、酸化還元電位の低い錫微粒子2の表面に酸化還元電位の高い銀を析出させるように調整すればよい。
また、極微粒子12が密に集合した外殻層13を得るには、上記とは逆に還元剤を使用することで、あらかじめ銀および/または銀錫極微粒子を液中に析出させ、その後、錫微粒子2の表面に付着させるように調整すればよい。
For example, in order to obtain a film-like outer shell layer 3 having micropores, only the difference in redox potential is used without using silver and / or silver tin ultrafine particle depositing agents such as a reducing agent. Adjustment may be made so that silver having a high redox potential is deposited on the surface of the tin fine particles 2 having a low potential.
Further, in order to obtain the outer shell layer 13 in which the ultrafine particles 12 are densely aggregated, silver and / or silver tin ultrafine particles are precipitated in the liquid in advance by using a reducing agent contrary to the above, and then What is necessary is just to adjust so that it may adhere to the surface of the tin fine particle 2.

このように、無電解めっきの方法および条件を調整することにより、外殻層3、13の膜の性状を制御するとともに、膜厚の均一性、核となる錫微粒子2に対する付着性を向上させることができる。したがって、熱的安定性に乏しい錫微粒子2の酸化を防止することができ、黒色度の低下及び遮光性の低下を防止することができ、耐熱性の向上を図ることができる。   Thus, by adjusting the electroless plating method and conditions, the film properties of the outer shell layers 3 and 13 are controlled, and the film thickness uniformity and adhesion to the tin fine particles 2 serving as the core are improved. be able to. Therefore, the oxidation of the tin fine particles 2 having poor thermal stability can be prevented, the blackness and the light shielding property can be prevented from being lowered, and the heat resistance can be improved.

次いで、核となる錫微粒子2の一部を溶解することにより、核となる錫微粒子2と外殻層3、13との相対量を調整する。
この調整の際には、得られるコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の化学的安定性と黒色度を同時に満足するために、上述したとおり、銀を30質量%以上かつ80質量%以下含有するように、核となる錫微粒子2と外殻層3、13との相対量を調整することが好ましい。
なお、錫微粒子2の一部を溶解する際には、外殻層3、13の一部も溶解するが、これら錫微粒子2と外殻層3、13との溶解量を異ならせることにより、錫微粒子2と外殻層3、13との相対量を調整することができる。
Next, the relative amount of the tin fine particles 2 serving as the nucleus and the outer shell layers 3 and 13 is adjusted by dissolving a part of the tin fine particles 2 serving as the nucleus.
In this adjustment, in order to simultaneously satisfy the chemical stability and blackness of the obtained core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, as described above, so as to contain 30% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less of silver, It is preferable to adjust the relative amount between the tin fine particles 2 serving as the nucleus and the outer shell layers 3 and 13.
In addition, when part of the tin fine particles 2 is dissolved, part of the outer shell layers 3 and 13 are also dissolved. By differentiating the amount of dissolution of these tin fine particles 2 and the outer shell layers 3 and 13, The relative amount of the tin fine particles 2 and the outer shell layers 3 and 13 can be adjusted.

ここで、核となる錫微粒子2を溶解する際に用いられる溶解剤としては、錫微粒子2の溶解速度が、外殻層3、13の溶解速度よりも大きいものを選択使用すればよい。
この錫微粒子2は卑金属である錫を主成分とするものであり、一方、外殻層3、13は銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金銀というように貴金属である銀を主成分とするものであるから、溶解剤として酸を用いれば、卑金属である錫微粒子2の溶解速度が貴金属である銀を含む外殻層3、13の溶解速度より大となり、したがって、錫微粒子2と外殻層3、13との間に溶解速度差を生じさせることができる。
Here, as a solubilizing agent used when dissolving the tin fine particles 2 serving as the core, one having a dissolution rate of the tin fine particles 2 larger than that of the outer shell layers 3 and 13 may be selected and used.
The tin fine particles 2 are mainly composed of tin which is a base metal, while the outer shell layers 3 and 13 are mainly composed of silver which is a noble metal such as silver, silver tin alloy, silver and silver tin alloy silver. Therefore, if an acid is used as the solubilizer, the dissolution rate of the tin fine particles 2 as the base metal is larger than the dissolution rate of the outer shell layers 3 and 13 containing silver as the noble metal. A difference in dissolution rate can be generated between the shell layers 3 and 13.

酸としては、無機酸、有機酸のいずれでもよいが、本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子1、11の平均粒子径が1nm以上かつ300nm以下と非常に微小であることから、例えば、無機の強酸などの活性が高い酸を用いた場合には、酸の添加とともに核となる錫微粒子2が直ちに溶解してしまい、錫微粒子2の溶解における制御性が極端に悪くなってしまう虞がある。そこで、錫微粒子2を溶解するプロセスに一定の制御性を与えるためには、弱酸である有機酸を用いることが好ましい。   The acid may be either an inorganic acid or an organic acid. However, since the average particle diameter of the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles 1 and 11 of the present embodiment is as very small as 1 nm or more and 300 nm or less, for example, inorganic When an acid having a high activity, such as a strong acid, is used, the tin fine particles 2 serving as nuclei immediately dissolve with the addition of the acid, and the controllability in dissolving the tin fine particles 2 may be extremely deteriorated. . Therefore, in order to give a certain controllability to the process of dissolving the tin fine particles 2, it is preferable to use an organic acid which is a weak acid.

この有機酸の中でもクエン酸、酒石酸等のように、金属イオンとキレート錯体を形成することが可能な酸を用いることが好ましい。
このキレート作用を有する酸が好ましい理由は、錫微粒子2の表面で錫イオンとキレート錯体を形成することにより、錫微粒子2の表面での錫イオンの離脱を促進し、錫微粒子2の表面における錫の溶解性を向上させることが可能であるからである。
また、これらの酸は外殻層3、13を形成する銀イオンに対してキレート作用を及ぼし、銀イオンと安定したキレート化合物を生成することにより一時的に外殻層3、13としての効果を減じ、その結果、核となる錫微粒子2の酸への溶解を助長することとなるからである。
Among these organic acids, it is preferable to use an acid capable of forming a chelate complex with a metal ion, such as citric acid and tartaric acid.
The reason why this acid having a chelating action is preferable is that by forming a chelate complex with a tin ion on the surface of the tin fine particle 2, the release of the tin ion on the surface of the tin fine particle 2 is promoted and the tin on the surface of the tin fine particle 2 is promoted. This is because it is possible to improve the solubility.
Moreover, these acids exert a chelating action on the silver ions forming the outer shell layers 3 and 13, and temporarily generate the effects as the outer shell layers 3 and 13 by generating a stable chelate compound with the silver ions. This is because, as a result, dissolution of the tin fine particles 2 serving as the nucleus into the acid is promoted.

ここで、外殻層3、13を維持した状態で、有機酸を用いて核となる錫微粒子2の一部を溶解することができるのは、次のような理由による。
一般に、核となる金属微粒子を外殻層により被覆したコアシェル粒子の場合、外殻層を維持した状態で、酸により金属微粒子を溶解することは容易ではない。
Here, in the state where the outer shell layers 3 and 13 are maintained, a part of the tin fine particles 2 serving as a nucleus can be dissolved using an organic acid for the following reason.
Generally, in the case of core-shell particles in which core metal fine particles are covered with an outer shell layer, it is not easy to dissolve the metal fine particles with an acid while maintaining the outer shell layer.

一方、本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子1、11は、核となる錫微粒子2を、緻密な外殻層ではなく、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる微細孔を有する外殻層3、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる極微粒子12を密に集合した膜である外殻層13、により被覆しているので、これらの外殻層3、13自体が酸を浸透し易い構造になっており、しかも、酸に対しては外殻層3、13の溶解速度より錫微粒子2の溶解速度が大であるから、酸は外殻層3、13を殆ど溶解すること無く浸透して錫微粒子2の表面に達し、錫微粒子2の一部を溶解することとなる。ここで、酸としてクエン酸、酒石酸等の金属イオンとキレート錯体を形成することができる有機酸を用いれば、この有機酸が一時的に外殻層3の効果を減じ、核となる錫微粒子2の酸への溶解を助長することになるので好ましい。   On the other hand, the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles 1 and 11 according to the present embodiment, the core tin fine particles 2 are not formed from a dense outer shell layer but from any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy. The outer shell layer 3 having fine pores and the outer shell layer 13 which is a film in which ultrafine particles 12 made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy are densely assembled are covered. The outer shell layers 3 and 13 themselves have a structure in which the acid penetrates easily, and the dissolution rate of the tin fine particles 2 is higher for the acid than the dissolution rate of the outer shell layers 3 and 13. The acid penetrates the outer shell layers 3 and 13 almost without dissolving and reaches the surface of the tin fine particles 2 and dissolves a part of the tin fine particles 2. Here, if an organic acid capable of forming a chelate complex with a metal ion such as citric acid or tartaric acid is used as the acid, the organic acid temporarily reduces the effect of the outer shell layer 3, and the tin fine particles 2 serving as the nucleus This is preferable because it facilitates dissolution of the acid in the acid.

なお、外殻層3、13が、銀錫合金または銀及び銀錫合金というように、錫を含む場合には、有機酸を用いて錫微粒子2を溶解する際に、外殻層3、13の一部も溶解されることがある。外殻層3、13の一部が有機酸により溶解された場合、この溶解された部分から酸が浸入し、核となる錫微粒子2の一部を溶解することとなる。
さらに、外殻層3、13の一部が溶解された場合、この溶解により外殻層の表面に微細な凹凸等が形成される等、外殻層の表面状態が変化することもあり得る。このような場合も、黒色度の向上、遮光性の向上等を図ることが可能である。
When the outer shell layers 3 and 13 contain tin, such as silver tin alloy or silver and silver tin alloy, the outer shell layers 3 and 13 are used when the tin fine particles 2 are dissolved using an organic acid. May also be dissolved. When a part of the outer shell layers 3 and 13 is dissolved by the organic acid, the acid enters from the dissolved part and dissolves a part of the tin fine particles 2 serving as a nucleus.
Furthermore, when a part of the outer shell layers 3 and 13 is dissolved, the surface state of the outer shell layer may be changed by this dissolution, such as formation of fine irregularities on the surface of the outer shell layer. Even in such a case, it is possible to improve the blackness and the light shielding property.

本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子は、黒色度が高いことから、黒色材料として用いることができる。
この黒色材料は、黒色度が高くかつ遮光性に優れたものであるから、この黒色材料を用いて黒色遮光膜を得ることができる。
また、本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を、ガラス等の無機材料あるいは樹脂等の有機材料と水や有機溶媒等の溶媒との混合物からなる分散媒中に分散させることにより、黒色粒子分散液を得ることができる。
さらに、この黒色粒子分散液を基材上に塗布して塗膜とし、この塗膜に乾燥処理、熱処理、紫外線照射または赤外線照射を施すことにより、黒色遮光膜を作製することもできる。
The core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present embodiment can be used as a black material because of their high blackness.
Since this black material has high blackness and excellent light shielding properties, a black light shielding film can be obtained using this black material.
Further, by dispersing the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present embodiment in a dispersion medium composed of a mixture of an inorganic material such as glass or an organic material such as a resin and a solvent such as water or an organic solvent, black particle dispersion is achieved. A liquid can be obtained.
Furthermore, a black light-shielding film can also be produced by applying this black particle dispersion on a substrate to form a coating film, and subjecting this coating film to drying treatment, heat treatment, ultraviolet irradiation or infrared irradiation.

本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法によれば、核となる錫微粒子2の表面に、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層3、13を形成し、次いで、有機酸等の酸を用いて錫微粒子2の一部を溶解し除去することにより、錫微粒子2と外殻層3、13との相対量を調整するので、黒色度及び遮光性に優れ、しかも十分な耐熱性を有するコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を製造することができる。   According to the method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present embodiment, the outer shell layer 3 made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy is formed on the surface of the tin fine particles 2 serving as the nucleus. 13, and then the relative amount of the tin fine particles 2 and the outer shell layers 3 and 13 is adjusted by dissolving and removing a part of the tin fine particles 2 using an acid such as an organic acid. In addition, core-shell type silver-tin composite particles having excellent light shielding properties and sufficient heat resistance can be produced.

また、錫微粒子2の一部を溶解し除去することにより、錫微粒子2と外殻層3、13との相対量を調整するので、コアシェル型銀錫複合粒子1、11の特性を容易に調整することができる。
また、核となる微粒子の主成分を錫としたので、銀微粒子と比べて安価である。
Moreover, since the relative amount of the tin fine particles 2 and the outer shell layers 3 and 13 is adjusted by dissolving and removing a part of the tin fine particles 2, the characteristics of the core-shell type silver tin composite particles 1 and 11 can be easily adjusted. can do.
Further, since the main component of the fine particles serving as the core is tin, it is less expensive than the fine silver particles.

本実施形態のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法により得られたコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子1、11によれば、黒色度が高く、遮光性及び耐熱性に優れているので、黒色度が高く、遮光性及び耐熱性に優れた黒色材料を安価に提供することができる。しかも、環境負荷が小さく、安価であるので、経済的に優位である。
さらに、上記のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子1、11を用いることで、黒色度が高く、遮光性及び耐熱性に優れ、しかも安価な黒色材料を、容易に提供することができる。
According to the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles 1 and 11 obtained by the manufacturing method of the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of this embodiment, the blackness is high because the blackness is high and the light-shielding property and heat resistance are excellent. Further, it is possible to provide a black material having excellent light shielding properties and heat resistance at low cost. Moreover, it is economically advantageous because it has a low environmental load and is inexpensive.
Furthermore, by using the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles 1 and 11, it is possible to easily provide a black material having high blackness, excellent light shielding properties and heat resistance, and inexpensive.

以下、実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜2により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated concretely by Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2, this invention is not limited by these Examples.

(実施例1)
錫コロイド(平均粒子径:50nm、固形分:5.4質量%、住友大阪セメント製)を50g分取し、これに純水160gを加え、さらに1%ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)水溶液10gを加え、A液を作製した。
また、硝酸銀5gを純水に溶解して全量が150gの硝酸銀水溶液とし、これに濃アンモニア水(NH:28%)10gを加え、さらに水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(NaOH:25%)3gを加え、B液を作製した。
また、36%クエン酸水溶液から50gを分取し、C液とした。
Example 1
50 g of a tin colloid (average particle size: 50 nm, solid content: 5.4% by mass, manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement) was taken, 160 g of pure water was added thereto, and 10 g of a 1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution was further added. A liquid A was produced.
Further, 5 g of silver nitrate is dissolved in pure water to obtain a silver nitrate aqueous solution having a total amount of 150 g, 10 g of concentrated aqueous ammonia (NH 3 : 28%) is added thereto, and 3 g of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (NaOH: 25%) is further added. B liquid was produced.
Moreover, 50 g was fractionated from 36% citric acid aqueous solution, and it was set as C liquid.

次いで、これらA液とB液を攪拌しつつ混合し、D液とした。
次いで、このD液にC液を加えて4時間攪拌し、その後、遠心分離により固液分離を行い、固形分(ケーキ)を採取した。次いで、このケーキを純水に分散させ、限外濾過法により導電率が200μs/cmになるまで洗浄することにより、コアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を純水中に分散したE液を作製した。
Subsequently, these A liquid and B liquid were mixed, stirring, and it was set as D liquid.
Subsequently, C liquid was added to this D liquid, and it stirred for 4 hours, solid-liquid separation was performed by centrifugation after that, and solid content (cake) was extract | collected. Next, this cake was dispersed in pure water, and washed by ultrafiltration until the electrical conductivity reached 200 μs / cm, thereby preparing liquid E in which core-shell type silver tin composite particles were dispersed in pure water.

このE液から濾過法により粒子を分離し、その後乾燥させて、実施例1の粉末試料を作製した。この粉末試料は、上記の製造プロセスから明らかなように、核となる錫微粒子を銀を含む外殻層により被覆したコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子であった。   Particles were separated from the E solution by a filtration method and then dried to prepare a powder sample of Example 1. As apparent from the above manufacturing process, this powder sample was a core-shell type silver-tin composite particle in which tin fine particles serving as a core were covered with an outer shell layer containing silver.

次いで、この粉末試料の元素の定量分析を電子プローブマイクロアナライザ(EPMA)を用いて行い、銀と錫の比率(Sn/Ag)を求めた。また、X線回折装置(XRD)を用いて、この粉末試料の銀、錫および銀錫合金それぞれの最強線のピーク強度を測定し、これらのピーク強度の比から錫と銀錫合金の比率(Sn/合金)及び合金と銀の比率(合金/Ag)を求めた。
その結果、銀と錫の比率(Sn/Ag)は0.35、錫と銀錫合金の比率(Sn/合金)は0.15、合金と銀の比率(合金/Ag)は0.71であった。
Subsequently, the quantitative analysis of the element of this powder sample was performed using the electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), and the ratio (Sn / Ag) of silver and tin was calculated | required. Moreover, the peak intensity of the strongest line of each of silver, tin and silver-tin alloy of this powder sample was measured using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and the ratio of tin to silver-tin alloy (from the ratio of these peak intensities ( Sn / alloy) and the ratio of alloy to silver (alloy / Ag) were determined.
As a result, the ratio of silver to tin (Sn / Ag) is 0.35, the ratio of tin to silver tin alloy (Sn / alloy) is 0.15, and the ratio of alloy to silver (alloy / Ag) is 0.71. there were.

次いで、このE液に、E液中の固形分:PVA=25:75(体積比)となるように1%ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)水溶液を加え、超音波分散機 ソニファイヤー450(BRANSON ULTRASONICS社製)にて分散処理した後、1時間静置し、塗布液とした。
次いで、この塗布液をスピンコート法により厚さ1.1mmのガラス基板上に塗布し、黒色塗膜とした。ここでは、塗布液中の水分量を調整することにより、塗膜の厚みを0.5μmとした。なお、塗膜の厚みは、膜厚測定機 テンコール(テンコール社製)にて測定することにより、確認した。
Subsequently, 1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution is added to this E liquid so that it may become solid content in E liquid: PVA = 25: 75 (volume ratio), and ultrasonic disperser Sonifier 450 (made by BRANSON ULTRASONICS) ), And then allowed to stand for 1 hour to obtain a coating solution.
Next, this coating solution was applied onto a 1.1 mm thick glass substrate by a spin coating method to form a black coating film. Here, the thickness of the coating film was set to 0.5 μm by adjusting the amount of water in the coating solution. In addition, the thickness of the coating film was confirmed by measuring with a film thickness measuring instrument Tencor (manufactured by Tencor).

次いで、この黒色塗膜の光学濃度(OD値)を、透過濃度計であるマクベス濃度計を用いて測定し、これによって得られた測定値より、OD値が4となるために必要とする塗膜の厚さを算出した。なお、OD値測定時の膜厚は、上述したとおり0.5μmである。以下、OD値が4となるために必要とする塗膜の厚さのことを「OD4膜厚」と称する。なお、この値は、OD値が4となるために必要とする塗膜の厚さであるから、値が小さい、すなわち膜厚が薄いほど、遮光度が高いことを示している。
また、この黒色塗膜の500nmの波長の光に対する反射率を、分光スペクトルメーターを用いて測定した。
Next, the optical density (OD value) of the black coating film is measured using a Macbeth densitometer, which is a transmission densitometer, and the coating value required for an OD value of 4 from the measured value obtained thereby. The film thickness was calculated. In addition, the film thickness at the time of OD value measurement is 0.5 micrometer as above-mentioned. Hereinafter, the thickness of the coating film required for the OD value to be 4 is referred to as “OD4 film thickness”. In addition, since this value is the thickness of the coating film required for the OD value to be 4, it indicates that the smaller the value, that is, the thinner the film thickness, the higher the light shielding degree.
Moreover, the reflectance with respect to the light of the wavelength of 500 nm of this black coating film was measured using the spectrospectrometer.

次いで、この黒色塗膜付きガラス基板を240℃にて50分間保持して黒色塗膜を乾燥させ、黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板を得た。
乾燥後の黒色塗膜の膜厚を、膜厚測定機 テンコール(テンコール社製)を用いて測定し、次いで、この乾燥後の黒色塗膜の光学濃度(OD値)及び500nmの波長の光に対する反射率を、上記と同様にして測定した。このようにして得られたOD測定値と膜厚の測定値を用いてOD4膜厚を算出した。
これらの測定値を用いて、乾燥前後におけるOD4膜厚値の変化率を算出した。これらの結果を表1及び表2に示す。
Subsequently, this glass substrate with a black coating film was hold | maintained at 240 degreeC for 50 minute (s), and the black coating film was dried, and the glass substrate with a black light shielding film was obtained.
The film thickness of the black coating film after drying was measured using a film thickness measuring instrument Tencor (manufactured by Tencor), and then the optical density (OD value) of the black coating film after drying and light having a wavelength of 500 nm. The reflectance was measured as described above. The OD4 film thickness was calculated using the OD measurement value and the film thickness measurement value thus obtained.
Using these measured values, the change rate of the OD4 film thickness value before and after drying was calculated. These results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

(実施例2)
実施例1にてD液にC液を加えた際の攪拌時間を3時間とした他は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例2の粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板を作製した。
これら粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板それぞれの特性を実施例1と同様にして測定した。これらの結果を表1及び表2に示す。
(Example 2)
The powder sample of Example 2, a black coating film, and a glass substrate with a black light-shielding film, except that the stirring time when adding C liquid to D liquid in Example 1 was 3 hours. Was made.
The characteristics of the powder sample, the black coating film, and the glass substrate with the black light-shielding film were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. These results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

(実施例3)
実施例1にて用いるB液において、B液中に溶解させる硝酸銀の量を6.5gとし、また実施例1にてD液にC液を加えた際の攪拌時間を3時間とした他は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例3の粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板を作製した。
これら粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板それぞれの特性を実施例1と同様にして測定した。これらの結果を表1及び表2に示す。
(Example 3)
In the liquid B used in Example 1, the amount of silver nitrate dissolved in the liquid B was 6.5 g, and the stirring time when the liquid C was added to the liquid D in Example 1 was 3 hours. In the same manner as in Example 1, a powder sample of Example 3, a black coating film, and a glass substrate with a black light-shielding film were produced.
The characteristics of the powder sample, the black coating film, and the glass substrate with the black light-shielding film were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. These results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

(実施例4)
実施例1にてD液にC液を加えた際の攪拌時間を2時間とした他は、実施例3と同様にして、実施例4の粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板を作製した。
これら粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板それぞれの特性を実施例1と同様にして測定した。これらの結果を表1及び表2に示す。
Example 4
The powder sample, black coating film, and black light-shielding film-coated glass substrate of Example 4 except that the stirring time when adding C liquid to D liquid in Example 1 was 2 hours. Was made.
The characteristics of the powder sample, the black coating film, and the glass substrate with the black light-shielding film were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. These results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

(比較例1)
実施例1にてD液にC液を加えた際の攪拌時間を2時間とした他は、実施例1と同様にして、比較例1の粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板を作製した。
これら粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板それぞれの特性を実施例1と同様にして測定した。これらの結果を表1及び表2に示す。
(Comparative Example 1)
The powder sample, black coating film, and black light-shielding film-coated glass substrate of Comparative Example 1 except that the stirring time when adding C liquid to D liquid in Example 1 was 2 hours. Was made.
The characteristics of the powder sample, the black coating film, and the glass substrate with the black light-shielding film were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. These results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

(比較例2)
実施例1にてD液にC液を加えた際の攪拌時間を1.5時間とした他は、実施例1と同様にして、比較例2の粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板を作製した。
これら粉末試料、黒色塗膜及び黒色遮光膜付きガラス基板それぞれの特性を実施例1と同様にして測定した。これらの結果を表1及び表2に示す。
(Comparative Example 2)
A powder sample, a black coating film, and a black light-shielding film of Comparative Example 2 were provided in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the stirring time when adding C liquid to D liquid in Example 1 was 1.5 hours. A glass substrate was produced.
The characteristics of the powder sample, the black coating film, and the glass substrate with the black light-shielding film were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. These results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Figure 2009068061
Figure 2009068061

Figure 2009068061
Figure 2009068061

これらの結果から、次のことが分かった。
(1)攪拌時間が増加するにしたがって、銀および銀錫合金に対する錫の比率が減少しており、核となる錫微粒子から錫が溶解していることが分かる。
(2)錫の比率の減少に伴い、OD4膜厚値の変化量が1に近づき、塗布時のOD4膜厚値と乾燥後のOD4膜厚値との差が減少していることが分かる。これにより、錫の比率の減少に伴い、乾燥時の加熱による高温劣化が減少していることが分かる。
さらに、錫の比率の減少に伴い、塗布時・乾燥後ともOD4膜厚値が減少しており、遮光度が向上していることも分かる。
(3)錫の比率の減少に伴い、反射率が低下していることが分かる。
From these results, the following was found.
(1) It can be seen that as the stirring time increases, the ratio of tin to silver and the silver-tin alloy decreases, and tin is dissolved from tin fine particles serving as nuclei.
(2) It can be seen that as the tin ratio decreases, the amount of change in the OD4 film thickness value approaches 1, and the difference between the OD4 film thickness value during coating and the OD4 film thickness value after drying decreases. Thereby, it turns out that the high temperature degradation by the heating at the time of drying is reducing with the reduction | decrease of the ratio of tin.
Further, as the ratio of tin decreases, the OD4 film thickness value decreases at the time of application and after drying, and it can be seen that the light shielding degree is improved.
(3) It can be seen that the reflectivity decreases as the ratio of tin decreases.

(4)錫の比率と反射率との間には相関があり、錫の比率が減少するのに伴って反射率が低下する。ただし、錫の比率が0になると、核となる錫微粒子は存在せず、銀からなる外殻層のみの状態、すなわち銀粒子そのものとなるが、この場合は反射率が高い。したがって、反射率は錫の比率がある特定の値で最小値となる。 (4) There is a correlation between the tin ratio and the reflectivity, and the reflectivity decreases as the tin ratio decreases. However, when the tin ratio becomes 0, there are no tin fine particles as nuclei, and only the outer shell layer made of silver, that is, the silver particles themselves, but in this case, the reflectivity is high. Therefore, the reflectance becomes the minimum value at a certain specific value of the tin ratio.

これらの結果から、実施例1〜4にて作製されたコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子は、黒色材料及び黒色遮光膜として良好な特性を有し、かつ240℃まで温度を上昇させてもOD4膜厚値の劣化がほとんど無く、高温特性に優れていることが分かった。
したがって、錫を溶解させて錫の比率を調整することにより、生成したコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子のOD4膜厚値、このOD4膜厚値を基にした高温劣化特性、および反射率を制御することができることが分かった。
以上により、このコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を用いた黒色材料及び黒色遮光膜の特性を制御することができ、良好な黒色材料及び黒色遮光膜を得ることができることが分かった。
From these results, the core-shell type silver tin composite particles produced in Examples 1 to 4 have good characteristics as a black material and a black light-shielding film, and the OD4 film thickness even when the temperature is increased to 240 ° C. It was found that there was almost no deterioration of the value and the high temperature characteristics were excellent.
Therefore, by controlling the ratio of tin by dissolving tin, the OD4 film thickness value of the generated core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, the high temperature deterioration characteristics based on this OD4 film thickness value, and the reflectance are controlled. I found out that
As described above, it was found that the characteristics of the black material and the black light shielding film using the core-shell type silver tin composite particles can be controlled, and a good black material and the black light shielding film can be obtained.

本発明のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法は、黒色度、遮光性、耐熱性及び耐食性に優れたコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を安価に製造することができるものであるから、この方法により作製されたコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子は、黒色度または遮光性、あるいは黒色度および遮光性が求められるあらゆる物に適用可能であり、例えば、黒色光遮蔽性フイルム、黒色光遮蔽性ガラス、黒色紙、黒色布、黒色インキ、プラズマディスプレイ(PDP)や液晶ディスプレイ(LCD)等のフラットパネルディスプレイ(FPD)向けのブラックマトリックス材料、ブラックシール材、ブラックマスク材等としても利用できる。   The core-shell type silver-tin composite particles of the present invention can be produced at low cost because the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles having excellent blackness, light-shielding property, heat resistance and corrosion resistance can be produced at low cost. The core-shell type silver-tin composite particles applied can be applied to any material that requires blackness or light shielding properties, or blackness and light shielding properties, such as black light shielding film, black light shielding glass, black paper, It can also be used as black matrix materials, black seal materials, black mask materials, etc. for flat panel displays (FPD) such as black cloth, black ink, plasma display (PDP) and liquid crystal display (LCD).

本発明の一実施形態のコアシェル粒子の断面構造を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross-sectional structure of the core-shell particle of one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態のコアシェル粒子の断面構造の他の例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the other example of the cross-section of the core-shell particle of one Embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1、11 コアシェル型銀錫複合粒子
2 錫微粒子
3、13 外殻層
12 極微粒子
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,11 Core-shell type silver tin composite particle 2 Tin fine particle 3, 13 Outer shell layer 12 Very fine particle

Claims (12)

錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子を、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層により被覆してなるコアシェル構造の粒子からなり、かつ、このコアシェル構造の粒子の平均粒子径は1nm以上かつ300nm以下であるコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法であって、
錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子の表面に、銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層を形成し、次いで、前記微粒子の一部を溶解し除去することにより、前記微粒子と前記外殻層との相対量を調整することを特徴とするコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法。
Core-shell structure comprising particles of core-shell structure in which fine particles which are mainly composed of tin and are cores are coated with an outer shell layer made of any one of silver, silver-tin alloy, silver and silver-tin alloy. The average particle size of the particles is a method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles having a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 300 nm or less,
An outer shell layer made of any one of silver, a silver-tin alloy, silver and a silver-tin alloy is formed on the surface of fine particles containing tin as a main component and serving as a nucleus, and then a part of the fine particles is dissolved and removed. By doing so, the relative amount of the said fine particle and the said outer shell layer is adjusted, The manufacturing method of the core-shell type silver tin composite particle characterized by the above-mentioned.
前記微粒子の一部を溶解し除去する際に、前記微粒子及び前記外殻層各々の溶解・除去する量を異ならせることにより、前記微粒子と前記外殻層との相対量を調整することを特徴とする請求項1記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法。   When dissolving and removing a part of the fine particles, the relative amount of the fine particles and the outer shell layer is adjusted by changing the amount of the fine particles and the outer shell layer to be dissolved and removed. The method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles according to claim 1. 前記微粒子及び前記外殻層からなる粒子全体の銀の含有率が30質量%以上かつ80質量%以下となるように、前記微粒子の質量及び前記外殻層の出発原料の質量を調整することを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法。   Adjusting the mass of the fine particles and the mass of the starting material of the outer shell layer so that the total silver content of the fine particles and the outer shell layer is 30% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less. The method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles according to claim 1 or 2. 前記外殻層は、微細孔を有する膜、極微粒子が集合してなる膜のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1、2または3記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法。   The method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the outer shell layer is either a film having fine pores or a film formed by collecting ultrafine particles. 前記微粒子の一部を溶解し除去する際に用いられる溶解剤は、有機酸であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法。   The method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a solubilizer used when dissolving and removing a part of the fine particles is an organic acid. 前記錫を主成分としかつ核となる微粒子を分散媒に分散した分散液に、銀化合物、銀化合物および錫化合物、のいずれか一方または双方と錯化剤とを含む溶液を添加し、前記微粒子の表面に銀、銀錫合金、銀及び銀錫合金のいずれか1種からなる外殻層を形成することを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法。   A solution containing a silver compound, a silver compound and / or a tin compound, and a complexing agent is added to a dispersion liquid in which fine particles serving as a main component and nuclei are dispersed in a dispersion medium, and the fine particles 6. The core-shell type silver-tin composite particle according to claim 1, wherein an outer shell layer made of any one of silver, a silver-tin alloy, silver, and a silver-tin alloy is formed on the surface of the core-shell type silver-tin composite particle according to claim 1. Manufacturing method. 前記溶液の水素イオン指数を調整し、この調整後の溶液を前記分散液に添加することを特徴とする請求項6記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法。   The method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles according to claim 6, wherein the hydrogen ion index of the solution is adjusted, and the solution after the adjustment is added to the dispersion. 請求項1ないし7のいずれか1項記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子の製造方法により得られたことを特徴とするコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子。   A core-shell type silver-tin composite particle obtained by the method for producing a core-shell type silver-tin composite particle according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 銀の含有率は30質量%以上かつ80質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項8記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子。   The core-shell type silver-tin composite particle according to claim 8, wherein the silver content is 30% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less. 請求項8または9記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を含有してなることを特徴とする黒色材料。   A black material comprising the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles according to claim 8 or 9. 請求項10記載の黒色材料を含有してなることを特徴とする黒色遮光膜。   A black light-shielding film comprising the black material according to claim 10. 請求項8または9記載のコアシェル型銀錫複合粒子を分散媒に分散してなることを特徴とする黒色粒子分散液。   10. A black particle dispersion comprising the core-shell type silver-tin composite particles according to claim 8 dispersed in a dispersion medium.
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