JP2009018326A - Apparatus for laser spot welding - Google Patents

Apparatus for laser spot welding Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2009018326A
JP2009018326A JP2007183112A JP2007183112A JP2009018326A JP 2009018326 A JP2009018326 A JP 2009018326A JP 2007183112 A JP2007183112 A JP 2007183112A JP 2007183112 A JP2007183112 A JP 2007183112A JP 2009018326 A JP2009018326 A JP 2009018326A
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hollow cylindrical
spot welding
laser
tip
laser spot
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Kaneo Yonekawa
鐘雄 米川
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Central Motor Co Ltd
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Central Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that in resistance spot welding, the generation of spatter (dispersion) cannot be completely prevented and causes the erroneous operation of peripheral members, and in laser spot welding, required welding strength cannot be achieved when the contact degree between workpieces W, W is low. <P>SOLUTION: In the apparatus of laser spot welding, hollow cylindrical tips 1a, 1b are provided so as to press the workpieces W, W from both sides of the workpieces W, W. The tip end 20 of a glass fiber 2 capable of radiating a laser beam is provided inside one hollow cylindrical tip 1a at specified distance from the end 10 of the cylinder, and also degassing holes 3 are provided on the side wall surface of the hollow cylindrical tip 1a, and a heat sensor 5 is provided inside the other hollow cylindrical tip 1b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、自動車製造工場等の製造現場で、鋼板等の被溶接材（ワーク）間をレーザーを用いて溶接するレーザースポット溶接装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a laser spot welding apparatus that welds materials to be welded (workpieces) such as steel plates using a laser at a manufacturing site such as an automobile manufacturing factory.

自動車製造組立ラインにおいて、鋼板等の被溶接材（ワーク）間を溶接するためには抵抗スポット溶接や、レーザー溶接が知られている。   In an automobile production assembly line, resistance spot welding and laser welding are known for welding between workpieces such as steel plates.

抵抗スポット溶接は、様々な方式が知られているが、溶接しようとするワーク２枚間のスポット部に両側から電圧を掛けてワークの電気抵抗を利用して溶接するものである。   Various methods are known for resistance spot welding, and welding is performed by applying a voltage from both sides to a spot portion between two workpieces to be welded and utilizing the electrical resistance of the workpiece.

また、レーザースポット溶接は、溶接しようとするワーク２枚間のスポット部の片側からアクセスしてレーザー放射によりスポット部を溶接するものである。   In laser spot welding, the spot portion is welded by laser radiation by accessing from one side of the spot portion between two workpieces to be welded.

しかし抵抗スポット溶接は、スパッタ（散り）の発生が起きやすく、スパッタの発生をゼロにすることはできなかった。そのため治具可動部にスパッタが着く不具合や、センサーにスパッタが付着して本来のセンサーの働きができず誤作動の原因になる欠点があった。   However, resistance spot welding is likely to generate spatter (spattering), and spatter generation cannot be reduced to zero. For this reason, there is a problem that spatter is attached to the jig movable part, and there is a defect that spatter adheres to the sensor and the function of the original sensor cannot be performed, resulting in malfunction.

また、レーザースポット溶接は、抵抗スポット溶接と異なりスパッタの発生は無く、片側からのアクセスのため、溶接部位への自由度が高く、また熱影響が少ないため製品精度が良いというメリットがある。   Laser spot welding, unlike resistance spot welding, has the advantage that it does not generate spatter, has high flexibility in the welded part because it is accessed from one side, and has good product accuracy because it is less affected by heat.

しかしながら、従来のレーザースポット溶接（図４参照）では、片側からのアクセスのため２枚のワークＷ、Ｗ間の密着度が低い場合は、求められる強度をもった溶接ができない欠点があった。更に、レーザーＬの発信部位とワークＷの距離Ｄを一定に保つ必要があるため、ワークの設置位置の精度、ワーク間の精度が必要であるため、ワーク固定治具が必要であった。   However, the conventional laser spot welding (see FIG. 4) has a drawback that welding with the required strength cannot be performed when the adhesion between the two workpieces W and W is low due to access from one side. Furthermore, since it is necessary to keep the distance D between the transmitting portion of the laser L and the workpiece W constant, the accuracy of the installation position of the workpiece and the accuracy between the workpieces are necessary, and thus a workpiece fixing jig is necessary.

上記課題を解決するために、ワークの両側からワークを加圧可能な中空円筒チップを設け、一方側の中空円筒チップの内にはレーザーを発信可能なグラスファイバーの先端を円筒端部から一定間隔をおいて設けるとともに中空円筒チップの側壁面に複数のガス抜き孔を開け、他方側の中空円筒チップの内には、熱センサーを設けたことを特徴とするレーザースポット溶接装置を提案する。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a hollow cylindrical tip capable of pressurizing the workpiece from both sides of the workpiece is provided, and the tip of the glass fiber capable of transmitting a laser is placed at a constant distance from the cylindrical end in the hollow cylindrical tip on one side. A laser spot welding apparatus is proposed in which a plurality of vent holes are formed in the side wall surface of the hollow cylindrical tip, and a thermal sensor is provided in the hollow cylindrical tip on the other side.

又、中空円筒チップが、レーザー光を通過させない素材で設けられている０００８欄に記載のレーザースポット溶接装置を提案する。   Further, the laser spot welding apparatus described in the column 0008, in which the hollow cylindrical tip is provided with a material that does not allow laser light to pass therethrough, is proposed.

２つの中空円筒チップが、サーボ加圧ユニットのサーボガンに設けられる０００８欄又は０００９欄に記載のレーザースポット溶接装置を提案する。   A laser spot welding apparatus as described in columns 0008 or 0009, in which two hollow cylindrical tips are provided in a servo gun of a servo pressurization unit, is proposed.

この発明によれば、レーザーの発信部を中空円筒チップ内に設け円筒端部から一定間隔をおいて設けてあるため、スパッタが散ることが全く無くなった。完全スパッタレスの効果は以下の通りである。治具可動部や周辺センサーにスパッタが着くことがないため治具可動部や周辺センサーの誤作動が無くなった。スパッタが付着しないため駆動チェーンやＬＭレールなどの寿命が延びる。塗装工場への鉄粉の持込みが減少するため、塗装品質が向上した。また、抵抗スポット溶接時にできる磁界が発生しないため、周辺センサー（ワーク密着度確認等）の誤作動が無くなった。冷却のために必要だった配水管が不用となった。   According to the present invention, since the laser transmitting portion is provided in the hollow cylindrical tip and is provided at a fixed interval from the cylindrical end portion, the spatter is not scattered at all. The effect of complete sputtering is as follows. Since the spatter does not adhere to the jig movable part and the peripheral sensor, the malfunction of the jig movable part and the peripheral sensor is eliminated. Since spatter does not adhere, the life of the drive chain, LM rail, etc. is extended. The quality of the coating has been improved because the amount of iron powder brought into the painting factory has decreased. In addition, since a magnetic field generated during resistance spot welding is not generated, malfunctions of peripheral sensors (such as confirmation of workpiece adhesion) are eliminated. The water pipe that was necessary for cooling became unnecessary.

両側から中空円筒チップでスポット溶接部分を挟み付けるため、従来のレーザースポット溶接の欠点であったワーク間の密着度不足を防ぐことができ溶接精度が向上した。   Since the spot welded portion is sandwiched by hollow cylindrical tips from both sides, the lack of adhesion between the workpieces, which was a drawback of conventional laser spot welding, can be prevented, and the welding accuracy has been improved.

更に、レーザーの発信部が、中空円筒チップの端部から一定の間隔で固定配置されているため、レーザー発信部とワークとの間隔を一定の距離として確実に保持できるため精度の高いレーザースポット溶接ができるようになった。   Furthermore, since the laser transmitter is fixedly arranged at a fixed interval from the end of the hollow cylindrical tip, the laser transmitter can be reliably held at a constant distance between the workpiece and the laser spot welding with high accuracy. Can now.

抵抗スポット溶接と比較すると、トランス及び冷却ホースが不用になるとともにサーボガンによるワークへの両側からの加圧力がワーク密着力のみのため、サーボガンを小型化、軽量化できる。そのために設置や移動などの作業が容易になった。   Compared with resistance spot welding, the transformer and the cooling hose are not required, and the servo gun can be reduced in size and weight because the pressure applied from both sides to the workpiece by the servo gun is only the workpiece adhesion force. This makes it easier to install and move.

また、非接触溶接で溶着の心配がないためスポット溶接部間の高速移動が可能になった。   In addition, non-contact welding eliminates the risk of welding, enabling high-speed movement between spot welds.

更に、従来のレーザースポット溶接では、作業者の目をＹＡＧレーザーの紫外線から守るため工程全周囲に保護囲いを設置する必要があったが、この発明では請求項２のようにレーザーが通過しない素材で形成することにより密閉されるため、保護囲い設置の必要がなくなった。   Furthermore, in conventional laser spot welding, it was necessary to install a protective enclosure around the entire process in order to protect the operator's eyes from the ultraviolet rays of the YAG laser. In this invention, the material through which the laser does not pass is provided. Since it is hermetically sealed by forming with, it is no longer necessary to install a protective enclosure.

次ぎに、この発明の実施形態であるレーザースポット溶接装置の斜視説明図である図１、同じく要部拡大説明図である図２、従来の抵抗スポット溶接の斜視説明図である図３、従来のレーザースポット溶接の要部拡大説明図である図４に基づいて説明する。   Next, FIG. 1 which is a perspective explanatory view of a laser spot welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 which is also an enlarged explanatory view of the main part, FIG. 3 which is a perspective explanatory view of conventional resistance spot welding, and FIG. A description will be given based on FIG. 4 which is an enlarged explanatory view of a main part of laser spot welding.

この発明の実施形態であるレーザースポット溶接装置は、２枚の鋼板であるワークＷ、Ｗの両側からワークＷ、Ｗを加圧可能な２つの中空円筒チップ１ａ、１ｂとを有する。２つの中空円筒チップ１ａ、１ｂは、それぞれサーボ加圧ユニット４の部材として設置されており、その端部間に被溶接部材であるワークＷ、Ｗを保持可能な構成である。２つの中空円筒チップ１ａ、１ｂは、金属製からなり、円筒内径は約２５ｍｍφ程度である。   The laser spot welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes two hollow cylindrical chips 1a and 1b that can pressurize the workpieces W and W from both sides of the workpieces W and W that are two steel plates. The two hollow cylindrical chips 1a and 1b are respectively installed as members of the servo pressurizing unit 4, and have a configuration capable of holding the workpieces W and W as welded members between the end portions thereof. The two hollow cylindrical tips 1a and 1b are made of metal, and the inner diameter of the cylinder is about 25 mmφ.

一方側の中空円筒チップ１ａは、その中空内部にはレーザーを発信可能な素材、この実施形態ではグラスファイバー２を設け、グラスファイバー２の先端２０を円筒端部１０から一定間隔をおいて固定して設けている。この実施形態ではレーザーを発信可能な素材２は、グラスファイバーである。   The hollow cylindrical tip 1a on one side is provided with a material capable of transmitting a laser inside the hollow, glass fiber 2 in this embodiment, and the tip 20 of the glass fiber 2 is fixed at a fixed interval from the cylindrical end 10. Provided. In this embodiment, the material 2 capable of transmitting a laser is glass fiber.

中空円筒チップ１ａは、ほぼグラスファイバー２の先端２０の位置する側壁面付近に複数のガス抜き孔３を貫通孔として設ける。このガス抜き孔３の径は、１〜２ｍｍ程度であり、数は円周方向等間隔で８〜１０個程度である。   The hollow cylindrical tip 1a is provided with a plurality of gas vent holes 3 as through holes in the vicinity of the side wall surface where the tip 20 of the glass fiber 2 is located. The diameter of the vent holes 3 is about 1-2 mm, and the number is about 8-10 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

他方側の中空円筒チップ１ｂの内には、固定して熱センサー５を設けている。熱センサー５は、中空円筒チップ１ｂの端部から２〜３ｍｍ付近に固定して設けられている。   A heat sensor 5 is fixedly provided in the hollow cylindrical chip 1b on the other side. The thermal sensor 5 is fixedly provided in the vicinity of 2 to 3 mm from the end of the hollow cylindrical tip 1b.

２つの中空円筒チップ１ａ及び１ｂは、サーボ加圧ユニット４のサーボガン４０に取り付けて設けられる。サーボ加圧ユニット４は、抵抗スポット溶接に使用されるサーボガンからトランスＴと冷却水用ホースＨを除いた装置であり、サーボガンでスポットするのと同じようにワークを両側から加圧し密着後にレーザースポットを行なう。サーボ加圧ユニット４は、抵抗スポット溶接のサーボ加圧ユニットより小型化される。   The two hollow cylindrical tips 1 a and 1 b are provided by being attached to the servo gun 40 of the servo pressurizing unit 4. The servo pressurizing unit 4 is a device in which the transformer T and the cooling water hose H are removed from the servo gun used for resistance spot welding. To do. The servo pressurizing unit 4 is smaller than the resistance press welding servo pressurizing unit.

６は不活性ガス供給ホースであり、サーボ加圧ユニット４を通り中空円筒チップ１ａに連通している。   An inert gas supply hose 6 passes through the servo pressurizing unit 4 and communicates with the hollow cylindrical tip 1a.

次のこの発明の実施形態であるレーザースポット溶接装置の作動について説明する。サーボ加圧ユニット４のサーボガン４０に取り付けられている２つの中空円筒チップ１ａ、１ｂにより鋼板等の被溶接部材であるワークＷ、Ｗを先端部１０、１０で挟み込み加圧密着させる。これによってワークＷとレーザー発信部であるグラスファイバー２の先端２０との距離は一定に保たれる。   Next, the operation of the laser spot welding apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The workpieces W and W, which are members to be welded such as steel plates, are sandwiched between the tip portions 10 and 10 by two hollow cylindrical chips 1a and 1b attached to the servo gun 40 of the servo pressurizing unit 4 and are brought into pressure contact. As a result, the distance between the workpiece W and the tip 20 of the glass fiber 2 which is a laser transmitter is kept constant.

この状態でグラスファイバー２の先端２０からレーザーＬを発信し、ワークＷ、Ｗのスポット溶接を行なう。溶接が完了したか否かはスポット溶接部が発熱して一定の温度になったか否かを、他方の中空円筒チップ１ｂに設けられている熱センサー５に感知して行なう。熱センサー５はあらかじめ定められた温度を感知すると溶接完了信号を発信して知らせる。   In this state, laser L is transmitted from the tip 20 of the glass fiber 2 to perform spot welding of the workpieces W and W. Whether or not the welding has been completed is determined by detecting whether or not the spot weld has heated to a certain temperature by detecting the heat sensor 5 provided on the other hollow cylindrical tip 1b. When the thermal sensor 5 senses a predetermined temperature, it sends a welding completion signal to notify it.

溶接時にスパッタが、もし発生した場合でも中空円筒チップ１ａ内に残り外には出ない。溶接時には、不活性ガス供給ホース６から中空円筒チップ１ａ内を通り溶接部位に不活性ガスＧが供給され、不活性ガスＧはガス抜き孔３から外部に排出される。   Even if spatter is generated during welding, it remains in the hollow cylindrical tip 1a and does not go outside. At the time of welding, the inert gas G is supplied from the inert gas supply hose 6 through the hollow cylindrical tip 1a to the welding site, and the inert gas G is discharged from the gas vent hole 3 to the outside.

この発明は、自動車製造組立ライン等のワークスポット溶接を行なう製造現場においてスポット溶接装置として利用される。   The present invention is used as a spot welding apparatus in a manufacturing site where work spot welding is performed such as an automobile manufacturing assembly line.

この発明の実施形態であるレーザースポット溶接の斜視説明図A perspective view of laser spot welding according to an embodiment of the present invention 同じく要部拡大説明図Similarly, the main part enlarged explanatory drawing 従来のレーザースポット溶接の斜視説明図Perspective view of conventional laser spot welding 従来のレーザースポット溶接の要部拡大説明図Explanatory drawing of the main part of conventional laser spot welding

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 中空円筒チップ
１０ 円筒先端
１ａ 中空円筒チップ（グラスファイバー入り）
１ｂ 中空円筒チップ（熱センサー入り）
２ レーザー発信素材（グラスファイバー）
２０ 素材端部（グラスファイバー端部）
３ ガス抜き孔
４ サーボ加圧ユニット
４０ サーボガン
５ 熱センサー
６ 不活性ガス供給ホース
Ｗ ワーク
Ｌ レーザー
Ｈ 冷却水用ホース
Ｔ トランス
Ｇ 不活性ガス
Ｄ 距離 1 Hollow cylindrical tip 10 Cylindrical tip 1a Hollow cylindrical tip (with glass fiber)
1b Hollow cylindrical tip (with thermal sensor)
2 Laser transmission material (glass fiber)
20 Material edge (glass fiber edge)
3 Degassing hole 4 Servo pressure unit 40 Servo gun 5 Thermal sensor 6 Inert gas supply hose
W Work L Laser H Cooling water hose T Transformer G Inert gas D Distance

Claims (3)

ワークの両側からワークを加圧可能な中空円筒チップを設け、一方側の中空円筒チップの内にはレーザーを発信可能なグラスファイバーの先端を円筒端部から一定間隔をおいて設けるとともに中空円筒チップの側壁面に複数のガス抜き孔を開け、他方側の中空円筒チップの内には、熱センサーを設けたことを特徴とするレーザースポット溶接装置。   A hollow cylindrical tip capable of pressurizing the workpiece from both sides of the workpiece is provided, and the tip of the glass fiber capable of transmitting a laser is provided at a certain distance from the cylindrical end in the hollow cylindrical tip on one side and the hollow cylindrical tip A laser spot welding apparatus characterized in that a plurality of vent holes are formed in the side wall surface, and a thermal sensor is provided in the hollow cylindrical tip on the other side. 中空円筒チップが、レーザー光を通過させない素材で設けられている請求項１に記載のレーザースポット溶接装置。   The laser spot welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hollow cylindrical tip is provided with a material that does not allow laser light to pass therethrough. ２つの中空円筒チップが、サーボ加圧ユニットのサーボガンに設けられる請求項１又は請求項２に記載のレーザースポット溶接装置。   The laser spot welding apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two hollow cylindrical tips are provided in a servo gun of a servo pressurizing unit.
JP2007183112A 2007-07-12 2007-07-12 Apparatus for laser spot welding Pending JP2009018326A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014017563A1 (en) * 2014-11-21 2016-05-25 Sca Schucker Gmbh & Co. Kg Device and method for joining two workpieces by means of laser welding
EP3357628A1 (en) * 2012-10-19 2018-08-08 IPG Photonics Corporation Laser welding gun
CN108568598A (en) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-25 现代自动车株式会社 Laser soldering device
KR20190105843A (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-18 주식회사 새한산업 Touch sensing type laser spot welding apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3357628A1 (en) * 2012-10-19 2018-08-08 IPG Photonics Corporation Laser welding gun
DE102014017563A1 (en) * 2014-11-21 2016-05-25 Sca Schucker Gmbh & Co. Kg Device and method for joining two workpieces by means of laser welding
CN108568598A (en) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-25 现代自动车株式会社 Laser soldering device
US10730143B2 (en) 2017-03-07 2020-08-04 Hyundai Motor Company Laser welding device
CN108568598B (en) * 2017-03-07 2022-01-04 现代自动车株式会社 Laser welding device
KR20190105843A (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-18 주식회사 새한산업 Touch sensing type laser spot welding apparatus
KR102070591B1 (en) 2018-03-06 2020-01-29 주식회사 새한산업 Touch sensing type laser spot welding apparatus

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