JP2009014215A - Air conditioning device - Google Patents
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- JP2009014215A JP2009014215A JP2007173678A JP2007173678A JP2009014215A JP 2009014215 A JP2009014215 A JP 2009014215A JP 2007173678 A JP2007173678 A JP 2007173678A JP 2007173678 A JP2007173678 A JP 2007173678A JP 2009014215 A JP2009014215 A JP 2009014215A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ヒートポンプ式の空気調和装置に関するもので、特に、暖房運転時の除霜運転制御に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a heat pump type air conditioner, and more particularly to defrosting operation control during heating operation.
従来、この種のヒートポンプ式の空気調和装置の除霜運転は、一般的に空気調和装置の運転中に除霜運転実施の判定を行うものである。 Conventionally, this type of defrosting operation of a heat pump type air conditioner generally determines whether to perform the defrosting operation during the operation of the air conditioner.
この除霜方式では、除霜運転開始の直前に、暖房運転を停止し、再び暖房運転を行う場合、除霜運転が行われていないため、前の運転による霜がそのまま熱交換器に残り、次回起動時に、能力が低下し、十分な暖房運転が行えなくなる等の課題があった。特に、最近の暖房能力向上に伴う寒冷地でのヒートポンプ式の空気調和装置による暖房運転が浸透するにつれ、このような課題は大きくなってきている。 In this defrosting method, when the heating operation is stopped immediately before the start of the defrosting operation and the heating operation is performed again, since the defrosting operation is not performed, the frost from the previous operation remains in the heat exchanger as it is, At the next start-up, there was a problem that the capacity was reduced and sufficient heating operation could not be performed. In particular, as the heating operation by the heat pump type air conditioner in the cold region with the recent improvement of the heating capacity has permeated, such a problem has been increasing.
この課題への対策として、暖房運転停止時にも、除霜運転実施の判定を行うようにした空気調和装置も提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 As a countermeasure to this problem, an air conditioner has also been proposed in which the determination of the defrosting operation is performed even when the heating operation is stopped (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
上記特許文献１に記載された従来の空気調和装置においては、運転停止信号が送られた後、除霜運転実施の判定を行い、除霜運転開始条件を満たしていれば、四方弁を切り換え、冷媒を暖房時の冷凍サイクルと逆方向、つまり冷房時の冷凍サイクルと同方向に流し、室外熱交換器に、高温高圧の冷媒を供給することで室外熱交換器に付着した霜を融解させ、運転開始より十分な暖房運転が行えるようにしている。
しかしながら、上記特許文献１に記載された従来の空気調和装置の構成では、運転停止指示を出しているにもかかわらず、空気調和装置が、運転を継続したまま除霜運転を行うため、使用者の指示と実際の動作に差異が生じ、使用者に、違和感・不快感を与えるという課題を有していた。また、除霜運転を、四方弁を切り替えることで実施する為、切替音および圧力変動音による違和感・不快感を与えるという課題も有していた。 However, in the configuration of the conventional air conditioner described in Patent Document 1, the air conditioner performs the defrosting operation while continuing the operation even though the operation stop instruction is issued. There is a difference between the user's instruction and the actual operation, and there is a problem that the user feels uncomfortable and uncomfortable. In addition, since the defrosting operation is performed by switching the four-way valve, there is also a problem of giving a sense of discomfort and discomfort due to the switching sound and the pressure fluctuation sound.
本発明は、上記従来の課題を解決するもので、暖房運転終了時に、室外機のみ運転を継続し、除霜運転を行うことで、使用者の指示と実際の動作との差異をなくし、違和感不快感を与えることなく、次回運転開始より十分な暖房運転を行うことができる空気調和装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and at the end of the heating operation, only the outdoor unit is continuously operated and the defrosting operation is performed, so that the difference between the user's instruction and the actual operation is eliminated, and there is a sense of incongruity. An object is to provide an air conditioner capable of performing sufficient heating operation from the start of the next operation without causing discomfort.
上記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の空気調和装置は、少なくとも圧縮機、四方弁、室内熱交換器、減圧器、室外熱交換器を冷媒回路で連結したヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルに、冷媒加熱器を有するバイパス回路を設け、暖房運転終了時に、室外機の運転のみ継続し、前記冷媒加熱器にて加熱された冷媒を前記室外熱交換器に流すことで、前記四方弁を切り替えることなく、前記室外熱交換器の除霜を行うもので、運転停止時に四方弁による切換音および圧力変動音による違和感・不快感を与えることなく除霜運転を行うことで次回暖房運転開始時の着霜による能力低下を阻止することができる。また除霜時に四方弁を切り換えないため、圧力変動が小さく、圧縮機のオイル変動も小さいことから圧縮機の信頼性の高い運転ができる。また接続配管長が長くなる場合でも除霜回路が室外で行う
ため、配管長による除霜運転での圧縮機オイルレベルが下がることはなく長配管商品でも圧縮機の信頼性の高い運転ができる。また全体冷媒の一部を除霜用に利用するため、冷媒加熱部に極端に多くの冷媒が流れないことからコンパクトな冷媒加熱器で構成できる。
In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, an air conditioner of the present invention includes a refrigerant in a heat pump refrigeration cycle in which at least a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a decompressor, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by a refrigerant circuit. By providing a bypass circuit having a heater, at the end of the heating operation, only the operation of the outdoor unit is continued, and the refrigerant heated by the refrigerant heater is allowed to flow to the outdoor heat exchanger without switching the four-way valve. The defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger is performed, and the frost formation at the start of the next heating operation is performed by performing the defrosting operation without giving a sense of incongruity or discomfort due to the switching sound and pressure fluctuation sound by the four-way valve when the operation is stopped. It is possible to prevent a decrease in capacity due to Further, since the four-way valve is not switched during defrosting, the pressure fluctuation is small and the oil fluctuation of the compressor is small, so that the compressor can be operated with high reliability. In addition, since the defrosting circuit is performed outdoors even when the connecting pipe length is long, the compressor oil level in the defrosting operation by the pipe length does not decrease, and the compressor can be operated with high reliability even with long pipe products. In addition, since a part of the whole refrigerant is used for defrosting, an extremely large amount of refrigerant does not flow through the refrigerant heating unit, so that a compact refrigerant heater can be used.
本発明の空気調和装置は、暖房運転終了時に、室外機のみ運転を継続し、除霜運転を行うことで、使用者の指示と実際の動作との差異をなくし、違和感不快感を与えることなく、次回運転開始時の着霜による能力低下を阻止し、十分な暖房運転を行うことができる空気調和装置を提供することができる。 The air conditioner of the present invention eliminates the difference between the user's instruction and the actual operation by continuing the operation of only the outdoor unit at the end of the heating operation and performing the defrosting operation, without giving a sense of incongruity or discomfort. In addition, it is possible to provide an air conditioner that can prevent a decrease in capacity due to frost formation at the start of the next operation and perform a sufficient heating operation.
第１の発明は、少なくとも圧縮機、四方弁、室内熱交換器、減圧器、室外熱交換器を冷媒回路で連結したヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルに、冷媒加熱器を有するバイパス回路を設け、暖房運転終了時に、室外機の運転のみ継続し、前記冷媒加熱器にて加熱された冷媒を前記室外熱交換器に流すことで、前記四方弁を切り替えることなく、前記室外熱交換器の除霜を行うもので、運転停止時に四方弁による切換音および圧力変動音による違和感・不快感を与えることなく除霜運転を行うことで次回暖房運転開始時の着霜による能力低下を阻止することができる。また除霜時に四方弁を切り換えないため、圧力変動が小さく、圧縮機のオイル変動も小さいことから圧縮機の信頼性の高い運転ができる。また接続配管長が長くなる場合でも除霜回路が室外で行うため、配管長による除霜運転での圧縮機オイルレベルが下がることはなく長配管商品でも圧縮機の信頼性の高い運転ができる。また全体冷媒の一部を除霜用に利用するため、冷媒加熱部に極端に多くの冷媒が流れないことからコンパクトな冷媒加熱器で構成できる。 1st invention provides the bypass circuit which has a refrigerant | coolant heater in the heat pump refrigeration cycle which connected the compressor, the four-way valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the decompressor, and the outdoor heat exchanger with the refrigerant circuit, and complete | finished heating operation Sometimes, only the operation of the outdoor unit is continued, and the refrigerant heated by the refrigerant heater is caused to flow to the outdoor heat exchanger, so that the outdoor heat exchanger is defrosted without switching the four-way valve. Thus, by performing the defrosting operation without giving a sense of incongruity or discomfort due to the switching sound by the four-way valve and the pressure fluctuation sound when the operation is stopped, it is possible to prevent a decrease in capacity due to frost formation at the start of the next heating operation. Further, since the four-way valve is not switched during defrosting, the pressure fluctuation is small and the oil fluctuation of the compressor is small, so that the compressor can be operated with high reliability. In addition, since the defrosting circuit is performed outdoors even when the length of the connecting pipe becomes long, the compressor oil level in the defrosting operation by the pipe length does not decrease, and the compressor can be operated with high reliability even with long pipe products. In addition, since a part of the whole refrigerant is used for defrosting, an extremely large amount of refrigerant does not flow in the refrigerant heating unit, so that a compact refrigerant heater can be used.
第２の発明は、特に、第１の発明のバイパス回路として、第１の二方弁及び冷媒加熱器を有すると共に室内熱交換器と減圧器の間と四方弁と室外熱交換器の間を連結する第１のバイパス回路と、第２の二方弁を有すると共に前記四方弁と前記室内熱交換器の間又は前記圧縮機と前記四方弁の間と前記減圧器と前記室外熱交換器の間を連結する第２のバイパス回路を設け、前記室外熱交換器の除霜を行う際、前記第１の二方弁を開放して、前記冷媒加熱器で加熱された冷媒を前記圧縮機の吸入側に流す第１のバイパス運転と、前記第２の二方弁を開放して前記室外熱交換器に冷媒を通過させる第２のバイパス運転を行うもので、四方弁による切換音および圧力変動音による違和感・不快感を与えることなく、圧縮機のオイル変動も小さく圧縮機の信頼性を高めることができ、長配管商品でも圧縮機の信頼性の高い運転ができるだけでなく、二方弁の数を減らすことができ、簡単で安価な冷凍サイクルを提供することができる。また、除霜に供された後の冷媒と室内熱交換器で放熱した後の冷媒が合流しないため、冷媒音が発生しにくく、冷媒音課題を解決するための冷媒合流器を必要としない。また、従来は、前記合流箇所では冷媒循環量が多くなり圧力損失が増加するため、その対策として配管の管径を大きくすることが必要となり、加熱器が大型になっていたが、そのような配慮が必要ないため冷媒加熱器をコンパクトに設計できる。さらに、冷房回路で運転すると冷媒加熱器の配管内部は、高圧冷媒で安定して冷媒加熱器の温度が低下しないため、冷媒加熱器に結露する場合や二方弁が故障で冷媒漏れを発生した場合でも冷媒加熱器に結露が発生することもなく冷媒加熱器の信頼性、安全性を向上させることができる。 In particular, the second invention has a first two-way valve and a refrigerant heater as a bypass circuit of the first invention, and between the indoor heat exchanger and the decompressor, and between the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger. A first bypass circuit to be connected; a second two-way valve; and between the four-way valve and the indoor heat exchanger or between the compressor and the four-way valve; and the decompressor and the outdoor heat exchanger. A second bypass circuit is provided to connect the two, and when the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger is performed, the first two-way valve is opened and the refrigerant heated by the refrigerant heater is supplied to the compressor. A first bypass operation that flows to the suction side and a second bypass operation that opens the second two-way valve and allows the refrigerant to pass through the outdoor heat exchanger are performed. Compressor with less oil fluctuations without causing discomfort or discomfort due to sound It is possible to improve the reliability, not only can high operating reliability of the compressor even in long piping products, can reduce the number of two-way valve, it is possible to provide a simple and inexpensive refrigeration cycle. Moreover, since the refrigerant after being defrosted and the refrigerant after being radiated by the indoor heat exchanger do not merge, refrigerant noise hardly occurs, and a refrigerant merger for solving the refrigerant noise problem is not required. Further, conventionally, since the refrigerant circulation amount is increased and the pressure loss is increased at the junction, it is necessary to increase the pipe diameter as a countermeasure, and the heater has become large. Since no consideration is required, the refrigerant heater can be designed compactly. In addition, when operating in a cooling circuit, the refrigerant heater piping is stable with high-pressure refrigerant and the temperature of the refrigerant heater does not decrease.Therefore, condensation occurs on the refrigerant heater or a refrigerant leaks due to a failure of the two-way valve. Even in this case, no condensation occurs in the refrigerant heater, and the reliability and safety of the refrigerant heater can be improved.
第３の発明は、特に、第１又は第２の室外熱交換器の温度を検出する室外熱交換器温度検出装置と、外気温度を検出する外気温度検出装置を備え、暖房運転終了時に、少なくとも前記室外熱交換器温度検出装置及び前記外気温度検出装置のどちらか一方で検出された検出温度があらかじめ設定した所定の温度以下であれば、除霜運転を実施するもので、暖房運転停止時の室外熱交換器着霜量を推定し、着霜量が少ないと判断すれば除霜運転を行わないようにすることで、運転時間を短縮し無駄な電気代を省くことが可能になる。 In particular, the third invention includes an outdoor heat exchanger temperature detection device that detects the temperature of the first or second outdoor heat exchanger, and an outdoor air temperature detection device that detects the outdoor air temperature, and at least when the heating operation ends. If the detected temperature detected by either the outdoor heat exchanger temperature detection device or the outdoor air temperature detection device is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature set in advance, the defrosting operation is performed, and the heating operation is stopped. If the amount of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger is estimated and it is determined that the amount of frost formation is small, the defrosting operation is not performed, so that the operation time can be shortened and useless electricity costs can be saved.
第４の発明は、特に、第１〜３のいずれか一つの発明の空気調和装置において、前回の除霜運転終了後からの経過時間を記憶する第１の記憶装置を備え、暖房運転終了時に、前記第１の記憶装置に記憶された経過時間が、あらかじめ設定した第１の所定の時間以上であれば、除霜運転を実施するもので、暖房運転停止時の室外熱交換器着霜量を推定し、着霜量が少ないと判断すれば除霜運転を行わないようにすることで、より運転時間を短縮し無駄な電気代を省くことが可能になる。 4th invention is equipped with the 1st memory | storage device which memorize | stores the elapsed time after completion | finish of the last defrost operation in the air conditioning apparatus of any one of 1st-3rd invention especially at the time of completion | finish of heating operation. If the elapsed time stored in the first storage device is equal to or longer than the first predetermined time set in advance, the defrosting operation is performed, and the amount of frost on the outdoor heat exchanger when the heating operation is stopped If it is determined that the amount of frost formation is small, the defrosting operation is not performed, so that the operation time can be further shortened and useless electricity costs can be saved.
第５の発明は、特に、第１〜３のいずれか一つの発明の空気調和装置において、前回の除霜運転終了後からの累積運転時間を記憶する第２の記憶装置を備え、暖房運転終了時に、前記第２の記憶装置に記憶された累積運転時間が、あらかじめ設定した第２の所定の時間以上であれば、除霜運転を実施するもので、暖房運転停止時の室外熱交換器着霜量を推定し、着霜量が少ないと判断すれば除霜運転を行わないようにすることで、更に運転時間を短縮し無駄な電気代を省くことが可能になる。 5th invention is equipped with the 2nd memory | storage device which memorize | stores the cumulative operation time after completion | finish of the last defrost operation in the air conditioning apparatus of any one of 1st-3rd invention especially, and complete | finished heating operation Sometimes, if the accumulated operation time stored in the second storage device is equal to or longer than a preset second predetermined time, the defrosting operation is performed, and the outdoor heat exchanger is installed when the heating operation is stopped. If the amount of frost is estimated and it is determined that the amount of frost formation is small, the defrosting operation is not performed, so that the operation time can be further shortened and a wasteful electricity bill can be saved.
第６の発明は、特に、第１〜５のいずれか一つの発明の空気調和装置において、暖房運転終了時に除霜する場合、暖房運転終了時に室外機の運転のみ継続して除霜運転を行なうもので、使用者の操作と実際の動作との差異をなくすことが可能になる。 In the air conditioner according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, the sixth aspect of the invention performs the defrosting operation by continuing only the operation of the outdoor unit at the end of the heating operation when defrosting at the end of the heating operation. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the difference between the user's operation and the actual operation.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明の第１の実施の形態における空気調和装置の構成図、図２は、同空気調和装置の制御ブロック図、図３は、同空気調和装置のタイムチャートである。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the air conditioner according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the air conditioner, and FIG. 3 is a time chart of the air conditioner.
図１〜３において、本実施の形態における空気調和装置は、室外機２０と、室外機２０に接続された室内機１８から構成され、室外機２０には、圧縮機１と、四方弁２と、減圧器４と、室外熱交換器５と、第１のバイパス回路６と、第２のバイパス回路９と、室外送風機１９と、室外熱交換器５の温度を検出する室外熱交換器温度検出装置２３と、外気温度を検出する外気温度検出装置２４を備えている。ここでの減圧器４は、電磁膨張弁でもよい。室内機１８には、室内熱交換器３と、室内送風機１７が配設されている。 1 to 3, the air conditioner in the present embodiment includes an outdoor unit 20 and an indoor unit 18 connected to the outdoor unit 20, and the outdoor unit 20 includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, and the like. , Pressure reducer 4, outdoor heat exchanger 5, first bypass circuit 6, second bypass circuit 9, outdoor blower 19, outdoor heat exchanger temperature detection for detecting the temperature of outdoor heat exchanger 5 An apparatus 23 and an outside air temperature detecting device 24 for detecting the outside air temperature are provided. The decompressor 4 here may be an electromagnetic expansion valve. The indoor unit 18 is provided with the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the indoor blower 17.
第１のバイパス回路６は、室内熱交換器３と減圧器４の間と四方弁２と室外熱交換器５の間を連結するもので、その途中に、第１の二方弁である冷媒加熱用二方弁７と、減圧器１２と、冷媒加熱器８とが配されている。冷媒加熱器８は、冷媒加熱ヒータ１３と、冷媒通過管部１４と、蓄熱部１５とから構成されている。 The first bypass circuit 6 connects between the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the pressure reducer 4, and between the four-way valve 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and in the middle thereof is a refrigerant that is a first two-way valve. A heating two-way valve 7, a decompressor 12, and a refrigerant heater 8 are arranged. The refrigerant heater 8 includes a refrigerant heater 13, a refrigerant passage pipe part 14, and a heat storage part 15.
第２のバイパス回路９は、四方弁２と室内熱交換器３の間と、減圧器４と室外熱交換器５の間を連結するもので、その途中に、第２の二方弁である除霜用二方弁１０と、減圧器１１が配されている。 The second bypass circuit 9 connects between the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3, and between the pressure reducer 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and is a second two-way valve in the middle thereof. A defrosting two-way valve 10 and a decompressor 11 are arranged.
図２において、室外機２０側で運転停止時に、除霜開始判断が除霜開始判断手段５０でなされ、除霜開始と判断された時に、圧縮機運転手段５１、冷媒加熱用二方弁開閉手段５２、除霜用二方弁開閉手段５３、膨張弁開度可変手段５４、室外送風機運転手段５５、四方弁切り換え手段５６、加熱器ヒータ運転停止手段５７が、図３に示す動作をすることにより除霜運転が行われる。 In FIG. 2, when the operation is stopped on the outdoor unit 20 side, the defrosting start determination is made by the defrosting start determining means 50, and when it is determined that the defrosting is started, the compressor operating means 51, the refrigerant heating two-way valve opening / closing means 52, the defrosting two-way valve opening / closing means 53, the expansion valve opening varying means 54, the outdoor fan operating means 55, the four-way valve switching means 56, and the heater heater operation stopping means 57 are operated as shown in FIG. A defrosting operation is performed.
このとき室外機２０からの除霜開始信号を、室内機１８側の除霜開始信号受信手段５８で受信して、除霜運転の判断より、室内送風機運転手段５９で、室内機１８の運転をすべ
て停止する。
At this time, the defrosting start signal from the outdoor unit 20 is received by the defrosting start signal receiving unit 58 on the indoor unit 18 side, and the indoor fan 18 is operated by the indoor fan operating unit 59 based on the determination of the defrosting operation. Stop everything.
図３に示すように、除霜開始の判断をすると、ステップ１のヒートポンプによる暖房運転からステップ２の冷媒加熱運転による暖房運転に移行する。このときに、冷媒加熱用二方弁７をＯＮして開方向に制御する。 As shown in FIG. 3, when the start of defrosting is determined, the heating operation by the heat pump in step 1 is shifted to the heating operation by the refrigerant heating operation in step 2. At this time, the refrigerant heating two-way valve 7 is turned on and controlled in the opening direction.
また冷媒加熱ヒータ１３をＯＮして冷媒加熱運転を行う。このとき、減圧器４は、閉塞運転かまたは閉塞に近い運転を行う。 Further, the refrigerant heater 13 is turned on to perform the refrigerant heating operation. At this time, the decompressor 4 performs an operation close to or close to the blockage.
また四方弁２は、暖房回路のままで除霜中も切り替えしない。 Further, the four-way valve 2 remains in the heating circuit and does not switch during defrosting.
次にステップ３で、除霜を行うために除霜用二方弁１０をＯＮして開方向に制御する。また圧縮機１は、除霜用の運転周波数で運転する。また室外送風機１９は停止する。 Next, in step 3, in order to perform defrosting, the two-way defrosting valve 10 is turned on and controlled in the opening direction. The compressor 1 is operated at an operating frequency for defrosting. Moreover, the outdoor air blower 19 stops.
次にステップ４で、除霜終了と共に、室外送風機１９の周辺の霜および氷の溶解運転を行う。 Next, in step 4, the frost and ice melting operation around the outdoor blower 19 is performed together with the completion of the defrosting.
冷媒加熱用二方弁７を開放運転した状態で、除霜用二方弁１０を閉制御して、室外送風機１９を運転することで、室外熱交換器５に除霜中に蓄熱した熱を放熱して、霜および氷を溶解する。 With the refrigerant heating two-way valve 7 opened, the defrosting two-way valve 10 is closed and the outdoor fan 19 is operated, so that the heat accumulated in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 during the defrosting can be obtained. Dissipate heat to melt frost and ice.
次にステップ５で、通常のヒートポンプ暖房運転に、一旦復帰し、ステップ６以降で、圧縮機１の停止による通常停止処理を行う。この際、通常のヒートポンプ暖房運転に一旦復帰するステップ５を省略してもよい。 Next, at Step 5, the normal heat pump heating operation is temporarily returned, and after Step 6, a normal stop process is performed by stopping the compressor 1. At this time, step 5 of returning to the normal heat pump heating operation may be omitted.
図４は、本実施の形態における空気調和装置の他の制御例を示すグラフで、運転停止時の室外熱交換器温度Ｔと設定室外熱交換器温度Ｔａの比較、室外気温度ｔと設定室外気温度ｔａの比較を行い、少なくともどちらか一方の検出温度が、それぞれの設定温度、すなわちそれぞれの所定の温度よりも低い場合、暖房運転停止時の室外熱交換器５の着霜量が多いと推定し、着霜量が少ないと判断すれば、除霜運転を行わないようにすることで、運転時間を短縮し、無駄な電気代を省くことが可能になる。なお暖房運転停止時の着霜量の推定方法として、図５に示すように、室外熱交換器温度Ｔと室外気温度ｔの関係を、簡易１次式として判断するようにしてもよい。 FIG. 4 is a graph showing another control example of the air-conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment. The comparison is between the outdoor heat exchanger temperature T and the set outdoor heat exchanger temperature Ta when the operation is stopped, and the outdoor air temperature t and the set outdoor temperature. When the air temperature ta is compared, and at least one of the detected temperatures is lower than each set temperature, that is, each predetermined temperature, the amount of frost formation in the outdoor heat exchanger 5 when the heating operation is stopped is large. If the estimation is made and it is determined that the amount of frost formation is small, the defrosting operation is not performed, so that the operation time can be shortened and a wasteful electricity bill can be saved. As a method for estimating the amount of frost formation when the heating operation is stopped, as shown in FIG. 5, the relationship between the outdoor heat exchanger temperature T and the outdoor air temperature t may be determined as a simple primary expression.
図６は、更に、本実施の形態における空気調和装置の他の制御例を示すフローチャートである。暖房運転時間をＴｈ、暖房運転累積時間をＴｒとし、運転停止時のＴｈ、Ｔｒが、設定値Ｔｈａ、Ｔｒａに対して大きくなっている場合にのみ、除霜運転を行うように設定されている。 FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing another control example of the air-conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment. The heating operation time is set to Th, the heating operation accumulated time is set to Tr, and the defrosting operation is set only when Th and Tr at the time of operation stop are larger than the set values Tha and Tra. .
ＳＴＥＰ１、２において、Ｔｈ、Ｔｒをリセットし、ＳＴＥＰ３において、暖房運転の判断を行う。暖房運転でない場合は、Ｔｈのみリセットを行う。ＳＴＥＰ４において、運転時間をカウントし、ＳＴＥＰ５において、除霜運転の判断を行う。 In STEP 1 and 2, Th and Tr are reset, and in STEP 3, the heating operation is determined. If not heating operation, only Th is reset. In STEP 4, the operation time is counted, and in STEP 5, the defrosting operation is determined.
除霜運転中であれば、Ｔｈ、Ｔｒ共にリセットする。ＳＴＥＰ６にて、暖房運転停止操作の判断を行い、暖房運転が停止されたと判断した場合、ＳＴＥＰ７で、Ｔｈ、ＴｒとＴｈａ、Ｔｒａのそれぞれの比較を行う。ＴｈまたはＴｒのうちどちらかひとつでもＴｈａ、Ｔｒａより大きい場合は、ＳＴＥＰ８で、除霜運転をおこなったあと運転停止とする。このようにすることで、より運転時間を短縮し無駄な電気代を省くことが可能になる。 If the defrosting operation is in progress, both Th and Tr are reset. In STEP 6, when the heating operation stop operation is determined and it is determined that the heating operation is stopped, in STEP 7, each of Th, Tr and Tha, Tra is compared. If any one of Th or Tr is larger than Tha or Tra, the operation is stopped after the defrosting operation is performed in STEP8. By doing in this way, it becomes possible to shorten operation time and to save a wasteful electricity bill.
図７は、更に、本実施の形態における空気調和装置の他の制御例を示すタイムチャート
である。
FIG. 7 is a time chart showing another control example of the air-conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment.
図７に示すように、運転停止操作時に、圧縮機１と、室外送風機１９の運転を停止する。このとき、減圧器４は、全開状態かまたは全開に近い状態とする。このように、運転停止操作時に一旦運転を停止してから除霜運転を行うことで、除霜運転開始時の室内熱交換器温度を下げることが可能となり、そのことにより除霜運転中の室内熱交換器温度の温度過上昇を防止でき、圧縮機１の信頼性向上を図ることができるものである。 As shown in FIG. 7, the operation of the compressor 1 and the outdoor blower 19 is stopped during the operation stop operation. At this time, the decompressor 4 is in a fully open state or a state close to full open. As described above, by performing the defrosting operation after stopping the operation once during the operation stop operation, it becomes possible to lower the indoor heat exchanger temperature at the start of the defrosting operation. It is possible to prevent an excessive increase in the heat exchanger temperature and to improve the reliability of the compressor 1.
また、前回の除霜運転終了後からの経過時間を記憶する第１の記憶装置（図示せず）を備え、暖房運転終了時に、前記第１の記憶装置に記憶された経過時間が、あらかじめ設定した第１の所定の時間以上の時に、除霜運転を実施するようにすれば、暖房運転停止時の室外熱交換器５の着霜量を推定し、着霜量が少ないと判断すれば除霜運転を行わないので、より運転時間を短縮し無駄な電気代を省くことが可能になる。 In addition, a first storage device (not shown) that stores the elapsed time since the end of the previous defrosting operation is provided, and the elapsed time stored in the first storage device is set in advance when the heating operation ends. If the defrosting operation is performed at the first predetermined time or longer, the frost formation amount of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 when the heating operation is stopped is estimated. Since the frost operation is not performed, the operation time can be further shortened and a wasteful electricity bill can be omitted.
さらに、前回の除霜運転終了後からの累積運転時間を記憶する第２の記憶装置（図示せず）を備え、暖房運転終了時に、前記第２の記憶装置に記憶された累積運転時間が、あらかじめ設定した第２の所定の時間以上の時に、除霜運転を実施するようにすれば、暖房運転停止時の室外熱交換器着霜量を推定し、着霜量が少ないと判断すれば除霜運転を行わないので、更に運転時間を短縮し無駄な電気代を省くことが可能になる。 Furthermore, it comprises a second storage device (not shown) that stores the cumulative operation time since the end of the previous defrosting operation, and at the end of the heating operation, the cumulative operation time stored in the second storage device, If the defrosting operation is performed at a preset second predetermined time or longer, the amount of frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger when the heating operation is stopped is estimated. Since the frost operation is not performed, it is possible to further shorten the operation time and to save useless electricity costs.
尚、上記実施の形態では、第２のバイパス回路９は、四方弁２と室内熱交換器３の間と、減圧器４と室外熱交換器５の間を連結したが、圧縮機１と四方弁２の間と、減圧器４と室外熱交換器５の間を連結するようにしても良い。 In the above embodiment, the second bypass circuit 9 is connected between the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3 and between the pressure reducer 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5. You may make it connect between the valve 2 and between the pressure reduction device 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5. FIG.
以上のように本発明の空気調和装置は、暖房運転しながら、除霜運転を実施でき、かつ運転停止時に違和感なく除霜運転をすることで、結果立ち上がり性能を大幅に改善することで、室外温度が非常に低温の寒冷地での空気調和装置にも適用できる。 As described above, the air-conditioning apparatus of the present invention can perform the defrosting operation while performing the heating operation, and performs the defrosting operation without a sense of incongruity when the operation is stopped. The present invention can also be applied to an air conditioner in a cold region where the temperature is very low.
１ 圧縮機
２ 四方弁
３ 室内熱交換器
４ 減圧器
５ 室外熱交換器
６ 第１のバイパス回路
７ 冷媒加熱用二方弁（第１の二方弁）
８ 冷媒加熱器
９ 第２のバイパス回路
１０ 除霜用二方弁（第２の二方弁）
１１、１２ 減圧器
１３ 冷媒加熱ヒータ
１４ 冷媒通過管部
１５ 蓄熱部
１７ 室内送風機
１８ 室内機
１９ 室外送風機
２０ 室外機
1 Compressor 2 Four-way valve 3 Indoor heat exchanger 4 Pressure reducer 5 Outdoor heat exchanger 6 First bypass circuit 7 Two-way valve for refrigerant heating (first two-way valve)
8 Refrigerant heater 9 Second bypass circuit 10 Two-way valve for defrosting (second two-way valve)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11, 12 Pressure reducer 13 Refrigerant heater 14 Refrigerant passage pipe part 15 Heat storage part 17 Indoor fan 18 Indoor unit 19 Outdoor fan 20 Outdoor unit
Claims (6)
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| JP2007173678A JP2009014215A (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2007-07-02 | Air conditioning device |
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| JP2010236709A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-21 | Japan Climate Systems Corp | Air conditioner for vehicle |
| KR101009752B1 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2011-01-19 | (주)미디어씨에이씨 | Heat pump hot water feeder with defrost heater |
| CN102980247A (en) * | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-20 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Air conditioner |
| JP2014032009A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-20 | Hitachi Appliances Inc | Air conditioner |
| US9239183B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2016-01-19 | Carrier Corporation | Method for reducing transient defrost noise on an outdoor split system heat pump |
| WO2017013757A1 (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-01-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Air-conditioning device |
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| CN107166650A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-15 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Air conditioner and its defrosting control method |
| CN108626841A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-10-09 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Air conditioner, Defrost method and computer readable storage medium |
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