JP2008229510A - Heater, evaporator, and method for micronizing bubble - Google Patents

Heater, evaporator, and method for micronizing bubble Download PDF

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JP2008229510A
JP2008229510A JP2007073293A JP2007073293A JP2008229510A JP 2008229510 A JP2008229510 A JP 2008229510A JP 2007073293 A JP2007073293 A JP 2007073293A JP 2007073293 A JP2007073293 A JP 2007073293A JP 2008229510 A JP2008229510 A JP 2008229510A
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heating element
liquid
heater
cloth
fibrous member
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Tetsuo Munakata
鉄雄 宗像
Shinichi Nagata
眞一 永田
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To micronize boiling bubbles using a heater with its surface contacted by and covered with a fibrous member sticking thereto such as thread and fabric. <P>SOLUTION: A first means is a heater comprised of a rodlike heater main body 1 with its surface contacted by and wound around with a fibrous member 3. A second means is a heater comprised of a planar heater main body with its surface contacted by and covered with a fibrous member. A third means is a heater of the first or the second means characterized in that the fibrous member is thread or fabric. A fourth means is an evaporator for evaporating liquid with one of the heaters of the first through the third means submerged in the liquid to heat and boil the same. A fifth means is a method for micronizing boiling bubbles whereby liquid is heated and boiled by virtue of one of the heaters of the first through the third means submerged therein to release micronized boiling bubbles into the liquid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、発熱体、蒸発装置および気泡微細化方法に係り、広くは沸騰・蒸発現象を扱う装置に適用され、特に、突沸が問題となる吸収式冷凍機の再生器において、発生する沸騰気泡を微細化させ突沸を抑制するための発熱体、蒸発装置および気泡微細化方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a heating element, an evaporation apparatus, and a bubble refining method, and is widely applied to an apparatus that handles boiling / evaporation phenomenon. The present invention relates to a heating element, an evaporation apparatus, and a bubble miniaturization method for minimizing the size of the gas and suppressing bumping.

突沸を防止する方法として、特許文献１に、発泡する面の表面に多孔性薄膜を形成し、薄膜が有する多数の微細な孔を気泡核とすることにより突沸を防止する技術が開示されている。また、Ｈ社から、高性能伝熱面として、銅の表面を微細な孔を有するように機械加工を施し気泡核を増加させたサーモエクセル（登録商標）が販売されている。一方、加熱に使用する通常のシースヒーターは、薄いステンレス製で表面が平滑であり、発生気泡核が少なく、突沸的な沸騰が発生する。シースヒーターの表面に微細な孔を有する薄膜を形成したり機械加工を施すことにより沸騰気泡を微細化することは可能であるが、著しく高コストとなる。そのため、より簡便な方法で沸騰気泡を微細化できる技術の開発が望まれている。
特開平８-２４２９９８号公報 As a method for preventing bumping, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for preventing bumping by forming a porous thin film on the surface of the foaming surface and using many fine holes of the thin film as bubble nuclei. . Also, Company H sells ThermoExcel (registered trademark) as a high-performance heat transfer surface, in which the copper surface is machined to have fine holes to increase the cell core. On the other hand, a normal sheath heater used for heating is made of thin stainless steel, has a smooth surface, generates few bubble nuclei, and generates sudden boiling. Although it is possible to make the boiling bubbles finer by forming a thin film having fine holes on the surface of the sheath heater or by machining it, the cost becomes extremely high. Therefore, it is desired to develop a technology that can make boiling bubbles finer by a simpler method.
JP-A-8-242998

シースヒーター表面に薄膜を形成したり、シースヒーターに合わせてシースヒーターの表面を高性能伝熱面で覆うといった方法により、沸騰気泡核を増加させ、沸騰気泡を微細化することは可能である。しかし、上記の薄膜や高性能伝熱面を形成することは一般に容易ではなく、多種多様なシースヒーターの形状に合わせた加工を必要とし、著しく高コストになってしまう。したがって、簡便に発熱体表面に多孔性の表面を形成し、沸騰気泡を微細化する技術の開発が求められる。   By forming a thin film on the surface of the sheathed heater or covering the surface of the sheathed heater with a high performance heat transfer surface in accordance with the sheathed heater, it is possible to increase the number of boiling bubble nuclei and refine the boiling bubbles. However, it is generally not easy to form the above-described thin film and high-performance heat transfer surface, and processing according to the shape of various sheath heaters is required, resulting in extremely high costs. Therefore, it is required to develop a technique for easily forming a porous surface on the surface of the heating element and miniaturizing the boiling bubbles.

本発明の目的は、上記の問題点に鑑み、従来発熱体表面の形状に合わせて加工されていた沸騰気泡の微細化技術を、フレキシブルな糸や布などの繊維性部材を発熱体表面に接触するように貼り付けることにより、簡便に沸騰気泡を微細化することのできる発熱体、蒸発装置および気泡微細化方法を提供することにある。   In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to use a technique for refining boiling bubbles, which has been processed according to the shape of the surface of the heating element. Thus, it is an object to provide a heating element, an evaporation apparatus, and a bubble refining method capable of easily refining boiling bubbles by pasting.

本発明は、上記の課題を解決するために、次のような手段を採用した。
第１の手段は、棒状の発熱体本体の表面に繊維状部材を接触するように巻回したことを特徴とする発熱体である。
第２の手段は、平板状の発熱体本体の表面に繊維状部材を接触するように設けたことを特徴とする発熱体である。
第３の手段は、第１の手段または第２の手段において、前記繊維状部材が糸または布であることを特徴とする発熱体である。
第４の手段は、第１の手段ないし第３の手段のいずれか１つの手段に記載の発熱体を液中に配置して、前記液を加熱沸騰させて蒸発させることを特徴とする蒸発装置である。
第５の手段は、第１の手段ないし第３の手段のいずれか１つの手段に記載の発熱体を液中に配置して、前記液を加熱沸騰させ、前記液中に微細化された気泡を放出させることを特徴とする気泡微細化方法である。 The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The first means is a heating element characterized in that the fibrous member is wound so as to contact the surface of the rod-like heating element main body.
The second means is a heating element provided with a fibrous member in contact with the surface of the flat heating element body.
A third means is the heating element according to the first means or the second means, wherein the fibrous member is a thread or a cloth.
A fourth means is an evaporation apparatus characterized in that the heating element according to any one of the first means to the third means is disposed in a liquid, and the liquid is heated and boiled to evaporate. It is.
5th means arrange | positions the heat generating body as described in any one of 1st means thru | or 3rd means in a liquid, the said liquid is heated and boiled, and the bubble refined | miniaturized in the said liquid This is a method for reducing the size of bubbles.

本発明によれば、発熱体表面に糸や布などの繊維状部材を接触するように貼り付けるだけで、沸騰気泡の微細化を達成することができ、従来技術よりも簡便な手段で突沸を防止することができる。   According to the present invention, by simply sticking a fibrous member such as a thread or cloth to the surface of the heating element, it is possible to reduce the size of the boiling bubbles, and bumping can be performed with simpler means than in the prior art. Can be prevented.

本件発明者は、沸騰現象に対するシースヒーターの表面性状の影響を実験的に調べた。その結果、フレキシブルな糸や布などの繊維状部材をシースヒーター表面に貼り付けて、水または水溶液などの液中に浸漬させて発熱させると、糸や布などの繊維状部材が有する微細構造が多数の沸騰気泡核となり、液中から放出される沸騰気泡が微細化し突沸が抑制されることを見いだした。このような知見に基づき、従来の発熱体の表面形状に合わせて加工されていた沸騰気泡の微細化技術とは異なる、フレキシブルな糸や布などの繊維状部材を発熱体の表面に接触するように貼り付けることにより、簡便な方法で沸騰気泡を微細化できる発明を提供しようとするものである。   The present inventor experimentally investigated the influence of the surface property of the sheath heater on the boiling phenomenon. As a result, when a fibrous member such as a flexible thread or cloth is affixed to the surface of the sheath heater and immersed in a liquid such as water or an aqueous solution to generate heat, the fine structure of the fibrous member such as a thread or cloth is obtained. It was found that a large number of boiling bubble nuclei were formed and the boiling bubbles released from the liquid were refined to suppress bumping. Based on such knowledge, a fibrous member such as a flexible thread or cloth is brought into contact with the surface of the heating element, which is different from the technology for refining boiling bubbles that has been processed according to the surface shape of the conventional heating element. It is an object of the present invention to provide an invention capable of refining boiling bubbles by a simple method.

次に、本発明の第１の実施形態を図１を用いて説明する。
図１は、本実施形態の発明に係る発熱体の構成を示す斜視図である。
同図において、１は円筒型シースヒーターなどの棒状の発熱体本体、２は発熱体本体１のリード線、３は発熱体本体１の表面に接触するように疎または密に巻回された糸である。同図に示すように、発熱体本体１の表面に糸が巻回された発熱体を不図示の蒸発器に満たした水または水溶液の液中に配置し、リード線２から電力を供給し、発熱体本体１の温度を上昇させ、液を沸騰温度以上に沸騰させることにより、糸３から液中に微細化された沸騰気泡を放出させることができる。 Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a heating element according to the invention of the present embodiment.
In the figure, 1 is a rod-shaped heating element body such as a cylindrical sheath heater, 2 is a lead wire of the heating element body 1, and 3 is a thread wound loosely or densely so as to contact the surface of the heating element body 1 It is. As shown in the figure, a heating element in which a thread is wound around the surface of the heating element body 1 is placed in a liquid of water or an aqueous solution filled in an evaporator (not shown), and power is supplied from the lead wire 2; By raising the temperature of the heating element body 1 and boiling the liquid to the boiling temperature or higher, it is possible to release the boiled bubbles refined in the liquid from the yarn 3.

次に、本発明の第２の実施形態を図２を用いて説明する。
図２は、本実施形態の発明に係る発熱体の構成を示す斜視図である。
同図において、４は発熱体本体１の表面に接触するように巻かれた布である。なお、その他の構成は図１に示した同符号の構成に対応する。同図に示すように、発熱体本体１の表面に布４が巻かれた発熱体を不図示の蒸発器に満たした水または水溶液の液中に配置し、リード線２から電力を供給し、発熱体本体１の温度を上昇させ、液を沸騰温度以上に沸騰させることにより、糸４から液中に微細化された沸騰気泡を放出させることができる。 Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the heating element according to the invention of this embodiment.
In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a cloth wound so as to be in contact with the surface of the heating element body 1. Other configurations correspond to the configurations of the same reference numerals shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a heating element in which a cloth 4 is wound around the surface of a heating element body 1 is placed in water or an aqueous solution filled in an evaporator (not shown), and power is supplied from a lead wire 2; By raising the temperature of the heating element body 1 and boiling the liquid to the boiling temperature or higher, it is possible to discharge the boiled bubbles refined in the liquid from the yarn 4.

次に、本発明の第３の実施形態を図３を用いて説明する。
図３は、本実施形態の発明に係る発熱体の構成を示す斜視図である。
同図において、５は発熱体本体６の表面に布４を接触するように貼り付けるために、発熱体本体６の表面に被せられた布４を縛るための布取付ワイヤー、６は平面を有する発熱体本体である。なお、その他の構成は図２に示した同符号の構成に対応する。同図に示すように、発熱体本体６の表面に布４が布取付ワイヤー５により接触するように貼り付けられた発熱体を不図示の蒸発器に満たした水または水溶液の液中に配置し、不図示の電力供給手段から電力を供給し、発熱体本体６の温度を上昇させ、液を沸騰温度以上に沸騰させることにより、糸３から液中に微細化された沸騰気泡を放出させることができる。 Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the heating element according to the invention of this embodiment.
In the figure, reference numeral 5 denotes a cloth attachment wire for binding the cloth 4 placed on the surface of the heating element body 6 in order to affix the cloth 4 to the surface of the heating element body 6, and 6 has a flat surface. It is a heating element body. Other configurations correspond to the configurations of the same reference numerals shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the heating element attached so that the cloth 4 is brought into contact with the surface of the heating element body 6 by the cloth attachment wire 5 is placed in water or an aqueous solution filled in an evaporator (not shown). , By supplying electric power from a power supply means (not shown), raising the temperature of the heat generating body 6 and boiling the liquid to a boiling temperature or higher, thereby releasing the boiled bubbles finely divided into the liquid from the yarn 3. Can do.

次に、本発明の第４の実施形態を図４を用いて説明する。
図４は、本実施形態の発明に係る発熱体の構成を示す斜視図である。
同図において、７は発熱体本体６の表面に被せられた布４を取り付けるための複数個の布取付ネジ、８は布取付ネジ７に嵌め込まれ布取付ネジ７の頭部と布４との間に挟み込まれた、発熱体本体６の表面に布４を接触するように貼り付けるための複数個の布押えコイルバネである。なお、その他の構成は図３に示した同符号の構成に対応する。同図に示すように、発熱体本体６の表面に布４が布押えコイルバネ８により接触するように貼り付けられた発熱体を不図示の蒸発器に満たした水中または水溶液の液中に設置し、不図示の電力供給手段から電力を供給し、発熱体本体６の温度を上昇させ、液を沸騰温度以上に沸騰させることにより、糸３から液中に微細化された沸騰気泡を放出させることができる。 Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the heating element according to the invention of this embodiment.
In the figure, reference numeral 7 denotes a plurality of cloth attaching screws for attaching the cloth 4 placed on the surface of the heating element main body 6, and 8 denotes a cloth attaching screw 7 fitted into the cloth attaching screw 7 between the head of the cloth attaching screw 7 and the cloth 4. These are a plurality of cloth presser coil springs that are sandwiched between them to affix the cloth 4 so as to contact the surface of the heating element body 6. Other configurations correspond to the configurations of the same reference numerals shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the heating element pasted so that the cloth 4 is brought into contact with the surface of the heating element main body 6 by the cloth presser coil spring 8 is installed in water or an aqueous solution filled in an evaporator (not shown). , By supplying electric power from a power supply means (not shown), raising the temperature of the heat generating body 6 and boiling the liquid to a boiling temperature or higher, thereby releasing the boiled bubbles finely divided into the liquid from the yarn 3. Can do.

上記の各実施形態において、糸３または布４などの繊維状部材としては、大気圧以下の水中で使用する場合は、１００℃内で沸騰するので、木綿を用いることができる。また、大気圧以上で沸騰させ沸騰温度が高温になる場合、あるいは臭化リチウム水溶液のように腐食性の強い水溶液中で使用する場合には、例えば、ポリアミド系耐熱性繊維を用いるとよい。糸３または布４などに用いる繊維状部材としては、高温での繊維性能の保持に優れ、高温での寸法安定性に優れ、高温でも長期にわたり繊維性能の保持に優れたものであること、あるいは、腐食性の液体に用いる場合には化学的安定性に優れているものが要件となる。   In each of the above embodiments, the fibrous member such as the yarn 3 or the cloth 4 boils within 100 ° C. when used in water at atmospheric pressure or lower, and therefore cotton can be used. Also, when boiling at atmospheric pressure or higher and the boiling temperature becomes high, or when using in a highly corrosive aqueous solution such as an aqueous lithium bromide solution, for example, a polyamide heat resistant fiber may be used. The fibrous member used for the yarn 3 or the cloth 4 is excellent in maintaining fiber performance at high temperature, excellent in dimensional stability at high temperature, and excellent in maintaining fiber performance for a long time even at high temperature, or For use in corrosive liquids, a material having excellent chemical stability is a requirement.

なお、本発明に係る実験として、吸収式冷凍機の作動媒体として使用される臭化リチウム水溶液中に発熱体を配置した蒸発装置を用いて低圧化での実験を行った。その結果、発熱体表面に接触するように貼り付けられる繊維性部材として、耐久性の観点から、種々の金属線、ポリイミド製の糸やテープを用い、微細化の効果を確認したが、ポリイミド製の糸を用いると著しい沸騰気泡の微細化を確認した。   As an experiment according to the present invention, an experiment was performed at a low pressure using an evaporation apparatus in which a heating element was arranged in an aqueous lithium bromide solution used as a working medium of an absorption refrigerator. As a result, from the viewpoint of durability, as a fibrous member to be attached so as to be in contact with the heating element surface, various metal wires, polyimide threads and tapes were used, and the effect of miniaturization was confirmed. When the yarn of No. 1 was used, remarkable refinement of boiling bubbles was confirmed.

第１の実施形態の発明に係る発熱体の構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the heat generating body which concerns on invention of 1st Embodiment. 第２の実施形態の発明に係る発熱体の構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the heat generating body which concerns on invention of 2nd Embodiment. 第３の実施形態の発明に係る発熱体の構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the heat generating body which concerns on invention of 3rd Embodiment. 第４の実施形態の発明に係る発熱体の構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the heat generating body which concerns on invention of 4th Embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 棒状の発熱体本体
２ リード線
３ 糸
４ 布
５ 布取付ワイヤー
６ 平面を有する発熱体本体
７ 布取付ネジ
８ 布押えコイルバネ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rod-shaped heating element main body 2 Lead wire 3 Thread 4 Cloth 5 Cloth attachment wire 6 Heating element main body 7 which has a plane Cloth attachment screw 8 Cloth presser coil spring

Claims (5)

棒状の発熱体本体の表面に繊維状部材を接触するように巻回したことを特徴とする発熱体。   A heating element, wherein a fibrous member is wound so as to contact the surface of a rod-like heating element body. 平板状の発熱体本体の表面に繊維状部材を接触するように設けたことを特徴とする発熱体。   A heating element, wherein a fibrous member is provided in contact with the surface of a flat heating element body. 前記繊維状部材が糸または布であることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の発熱体。   The heating element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fibrous member is a thread or a cloth. 請求項１ないし請求項３に記載のいずれか１つの請求項に記載の発熱体を液中に配置して、前記液を加熱沸騰させて蒸発させることを特徴とする蒸発装置。   An evaporating apparatus comprising: the heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 3 disposed in a liquid; and the liquid is heated and boiled to evaporate. 請求項１ないし請求項３に記載のいずれか１つの請求項に記載の発熱体を液中に配置して、前記液を加熱沸騰させ、前記液中に微細化された気泡を放出させることを特徴とする気泡微細化方法。   The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is disposed in a liquid, the liquid is heated and boiled, and fine bubbles are released into the liquid. A feature of bubble miniaturization.
JP2007073293A 2007-03-20 2007-03-20 Heater, evaporator, and method for micronizing bubble Pending JP2008229510A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017170285A (en) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-28 公立大学法人首都大学東京 Minute bubble generation plate

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