JP2008222593A - Method for purifying alkylaminopyridine - Google Patents

Method for purifying alkylaminopyridine Download PDF

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JP2008222593A
JP2008222593A JP2007060223A JP2007060223A JP2008222593A JP 2008222593 A JP2008222593 A JP 2008222593A JP 2007060223 A JP2007060223 A JP 2007060223A JP 2007060223 A JP2007060223 A JP 2007060223A JP 2008222593 A JP2008222593 A JP 2008222593A
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alkylaminopyridines
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JP5166747B2 (en
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Tetsuji Nishiyama
徹司 西山
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Koei Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for purifying alkylaminopyridines which can remove the impurities the separation of which by distillation has been difficult conventionally. <P>SOLUTION: This method for purifying the alkylaminopyridines expressed by formula (2) prepared by the Hofmann degradation of an alkylpyridine carboxyamides expressed by formula (1) [wherein, R is a 1-6C alkyl] comprises mixing the alkylaminopyridines with an acid, to prepare acid salts of alkylaminopyridines, and then treating acid salts of the alkylaminopyridines with a base. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、医薬中間体として有用なアルキルアミノピリジン類の精製方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for purifying alkylaminopyridines useful as pharmaceutical intermediates.

式(1):   Formula (1):

Figure 2008222593
(式中、Rは炭素数1〜6のアルキル基を表す。)で示されるアルキルピリジンカルボキシアミド類(以下、アルキルピリジンカルボキシアミド類(1)という。)をホフマン分解して式(2):
Figure 2008222593
(In the formula, R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) The alkylpyridinecarboxyamides (hereinafter referred to as alkylpyridinecarboxyamides (1)) represented by the formula (2):

Figure 2008222593
(式中、Rは前記に同じ。)で示されるアルキルアミノピリジン類(以下、アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)という。)を製造する方法は公知であり、例えばアルキルピリジンカルボキシアミド類(1)を水酸化ナトリウム等のアルカリ存在下に次亜塩素酸ナトリウム等の次亜ハロゲン化酸と反応させて、アルキル基の種類によっては収率80%以上の高収率でアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)を製造する方法が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。そして、ホフマン分解終了後の反応混合物から、例えばトルエン等を用いて抽出した後、抽出溶媒を濃縮除去し、次いで濃縮残渣を蒸留して、精製したアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)が得られる。
特開2005−306743号公報
Figure 2008222593
(In the formula, R is the same as above.) A method for producing an alkylaminopyridine represented by the following formula (hereinafter referred to as alkylaminopyridine (2)) is known. Reaction with hypohalous acid such as sodium hypochlorite in the presence of alkali such as sodium hydroxide, and alkylaminopyridines (2) can be obtained in a high yield of 80% or more depending on the type of alkyl group. A manufacturing method is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Then, after extraction from the reaction mixture after the Hofmann decomposition using, for example, toluene or the like, the extraction solvent is concentrated and removed, and then the concentrated residue is distilled to obtain a purified alkylaminopyridine (2).
JP-A-2005-306743

本発明者は、アルキルピリジンカルボキシアミド類(1)をホフマン分解し、ホフマン分解後の反応混合物をトルエンで抽出した後、抽出溶媒を濃縮除去し、次いで濃縮残渣を精留してアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)を製造した。得られたアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)は未だ微量の不純物を数種含有していた。アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)は、高純度が要求されている医薬中間体等として有用な化合物(例えば、US6492529、WO2006/067445、WO2006/002421等に記載の化合物の中間体)であるため、不純物は可能な限り除去するのが望ましい。よって、本発明は、蒸留による分離が困難な上記不純物を除去することができるアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)の精製方法を提供することを課題とする。   The present inventor decomposes the alkylpyridinecarboxamide (1) by Hofmann, extracts the reaction mixture after Hofmann decomposition with toluene, concentrates and removes the extraction solvent, and then rectifies the concentrated residue to obtain alkylaminopyridines. (2) was produced. The resulting alkylaminopyridines (2) still contained several trace impurities. Alkylaminopyridines (2) are compounds useful as pharmaceutical intermediates and the like for which high purity is required (for example, intermediates of compounds described in US6492529, WO2006 / 067445, WO2006 / 002421, etc.). It is desirable to remove as much as possible. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for purifying alkylaminopyridines (2) that can remove the impurities that are difficult to separate by distillation.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討を行った。その結果、蒸留では分離困難な不純物を含むアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)(以下、粗アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)という。)を酸と混合し、晶析などによってアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)の酸塩として得た後、該アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)の酸塩を塩基で処理すれば、不純物を殆ど含まない高純度のアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
即ち、本発明は、アルキルピリジンカルボキシアミド類(1)をホフマン分解して得られるアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)を精製するにあたり、該アルキルアミノピリジン類を酸と混合してアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)の酸塩を得た後、次いで該アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)の酸塩を塩基で処理することを特徴とするアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)の精製方法に関する。
The present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems. As a result, alkylaminopyridines (2) containing impurities that are difficult to separate by distillation (hereinafter referred to as crude alkylaminopyridines (2)) are mixed with an acid, and crystallization of the alkylaminopyridines (2) is performed. After obtaining the acid salt, the acid amino acid pyridines (2) were found to be obtained by treating the acid salt of the alkylamino pyridines (2) with a base to obtain highly pure alkylamino pyridines (2) containing almost no impurities. It came to complete.
That is, in purifying the alkylaminopyridines (2) obtained by Hofmann decomposition of the alkylpyridinecarboxamides (1), the present invention mixes the alkylaminopyridines with an acid to produce alkylaminopyridines (2 ), And then treating the acid salt of the alkylaminopyridines (2) with a base.

本発明の方法によって、高純度のアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)を容易に得ることができる。   By the method of the present invention, highly pure alkylaminopyridines (2) can be easily obtained.

以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。
式(1)及び(2)中、Rで示される炭素数1〜6のアルキル基としては、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状の炭素数1〜6のアルキル基が挙げられ、具体的には例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec−ブチル基、tert−ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基等が挙げられる。
The present invention is described in detail below.
In the formulas (1) and (2), examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R include a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group and the like.

アルキルピリジンカルボキシアミド類(1)の具体例としては、例えば6−メチルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド、6−エチルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド、6−プロピルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド、6−イソプロピルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド、6−ブチルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド、6−イソブチルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド、6−sec−ブチルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド、6−tert−ブチルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド、6−ペンチルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド、6−ヘキシルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド等が挙げられる。   Specific examples of alkylpyridinecarboxyamides (1) include, for example, 6-methylpyridine-3-carboxamide, 6-ethylpyridine-3-carboxamide, 6-propylpyridine-3-carboxamide, 6-isopropylpyridine- 3-carboxamide, 6-butylpyridine-3-carboxamide, 6-isobutylpyridine-3-carboxamide, 6-sec-butylpyridine-3-carboxamide, 6-tert-butylpyridine-3-carboxamide, 6 -Pentylpyridine-3-carboxamide, 6-hexylpyridine-3-carboxamide and the like.

アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)の具体例としては、例えば3−アミノ−6−メチルピリジン、3−アミノ−6−エチルピリジン、3−アミノ−6−プロピルピリジン、3−アミノ−6−イソプロピルピリジン、3−アミノ−6−ブチルピリジン、3−アミノ−6−イソブチルピリジン、3−アミノ−6−sec−ブチルピリジン、3−アミノ−6−tert−ブチルピリジン、3−アミノ−6−ペンチルピリジン、3−アミノ−6−ヘキシルピリジン等が挙げられる。   Specific examples of the alkylaminopyridines (2) include, for example, 3-amino-6-methylpyridine, 3-amino-6-ethylpyridine, 3-amino-6-propylpyridine, 3-amino-6-isopropylpyridine, 3-amino-6-butylpyridine, 3-amino-6-isobutylpyridine, 3-amino-6-sec-butylpyridine, 3-amino-6-tert-butylpyridine, 3-amino-6-pentylpyridine, 3 -Amino-6-hexylpyridine and the like.

本発明の粗アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)は、例えば特開2005−306743号公報等の公知の処方、即ちアルキルピリジンカルボキシアミド類(1)のホフマン分解、具体的には、アルキルピリジンカルボキシアミド類(1)をアルカリ存在下にハロゲン化物又は次亜ハロゲン化酸と反応させる方法により得られるものである。粗アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)には、ホフマン分解終了後、例えばトルエン等の有機溶媒により抽出し、その後有機層を濃縮して抽出溶媒を除去して得られるアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)を含む濃縮残渣、該濃縮残渣を蒸留して得られる蒸留では分離困難な不純物を含むアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)等が含まれる。   The crude alkylaminopyridines (2) of the present invention are known formulations such as JP-A-2005-306743, for example, Hofmann decomposition of alkylpyridinecarboxyamides (1), specifically, alkylpyridinecarboxyamides. It can be obtained by a method of reacting (1) with a halide or hypohalous acid in the presence of an alkali. The crude alkylaminopyridines (2) include alkylaminopyridines (2) obtained by extracting with an organic solvent such as toluene after the Hofmann decomposition, and then concentrating the organic layer to remove the extraction solvent. Concentrated residues, alkylaminopyridines (2) containing impurities that are difficult to separate by distillation obtained by distilling the concentrated residues are included.

本発明における複数の不純物は、アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)が3−アミノ−6−イソプロピルピリジン(分子量136)である場合、下記条件におけるガスクロマトグラフィーによる分析で表1に示す保持時間に検出されるものである(以下、複数の不純物をそれぞれ、不純物1及び2という。)   When the alkylaminopyridines (2) is 3-amino-6-isopropylpyridine (molecular weight 136), the plurality of impurities in the present invention are detected at the retention times shown in Table 1 by gas chromatography analysis under the following conditions. (Hereinafter, a plurality of impurities are referred to as impurities 1 and 2, respectively.)

FIDガスクロマトグラフィー分析条件
カラム充填剤:DB−1701(J&W Scientific社製)
カラム内径:0.25mm、カラム長さ:30m
カラム温度:100℃(5℃/minで昇温)→250℃(10min保持)
キャリアガス:He 100kPa
スプリット比:1/100
FID gas chromatography analysis conditions Column filler: DB-1701 (manufactured by J & W Scientific)
Column inner diameter: 0.25 mm, column length: 30 m
Column temperature: 100 ° C. (temperature rise at 5 ° C./min)→250° C. (10 min hold)
Carrier gas: He 100 kPa
Split ratio: 1/100

Figure 2008222593
Figure 2008222593

酸としては、例えば塩化水素、硫酸、硝酸、リン酸等の無機酸、例えば酢酸、プロピオン酸等の有機酸等が挙げられるが、好ましくは無機酸であり、中でも好ましくは塩化水素である。これらは溶液で用いてもよいし、その酸成分単独で用いることもできる。かかる酸の使用量は、粗アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)1モルに対して、通常0.50モル以上、好ましくは0.80〜1.50モル、特に好ましくは0.90〜1.20モルである。   Examples of the acid include inorganic acids such as hydrogen chloride, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid. Of these, inorganic acids are preferable, and hydrogen chloride is particularly preferable. These may be used in a solution, or the acid component alone may be used. The amount of the acid used is usually 0.50 mol or more, preferably 0.80 to 1.50 mol, particularly preferably 0.90 to 1.20 mol, based on 1 mol of the crude alkylaminopyridine (2). It is.

粗アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)と酸を混合する時の溶媒としては、例えばメタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、ブタノール、ヘキサノール等のアルコール系溶媒、例えばトルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素系溶媒、例えばジエチルエーテル、1,4−ジオキサン等のエーテル系溶媒等が挙げられ、好ましくはアルコール系溶媒である。   Examples of the solvent used when mixing the crude alkylaminopyridine (2) and the acid include alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol and hexanol, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene, Examples thereof include ether solvents such as diethyl ether and 1,4-dioxane, and alcohol solvents are preferred.

混合時の温度は、通常0℃〜80℃、好ましくは20℃〜60℃である。かかる温度で混合した後、冷却すれば、アルキルアミノピリジン類(2)の酸塩が析出してくる。本発明では該酸塩を濾過等の所望の分離操作で分離すればよい。   The temperature at the time of mixing is 0 degreeC-80 degreeC normally, Preferably it is 20 degreeC-60 degreeC. When mixed at such a temperature and then cooled, an acid salt of alkylaminopyridines (2) will precipitate. In the present invention, the acid salt may be separated by a desired separation operation such as filtration.

こうして得られたアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)の酸塩を塩基で処理する(以下、塩基処理という。)。具体的には、該酸塩の水溶液と塩基を混合して、混合液のpHを通常7.5〜10.0、好ましくは7.7〜9.0の範囲に調整する。   The thus obtained acid salt of alkylaminopyridine (2) is treated with a base (hereinafter referred to as base treatment). Specifically, an aqueous solution of the acid salt and a base are mixed to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to a range of usually 7.5 to 10.0, preferably 7.7 to 9.0.

塩基としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ金属水酸化物、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム等のアルカリ金属の炭酸水素塩、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム等のアルカリ金属の炭酸塩等が挙げられる。これらは単独で用いてもよいし、二種以上を混合して用いてもよい。また、そのまま用いても、水溶液で用いてもよい。   Examples of the base include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, alkali metal hydrogen carbonates such as sodium hydrogen carbonate and potassium hydrogen carbonate, and alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate. It is done. These may be used alone or in admixture of two or more. Further, it may be used as it is or in an aqueous solution.

塩基処理の温度は、通常0℃〜50℃、好ましくは10℃〜40℃である。かかる処理は発熱するので、必要に応じて冷却しながら行うことが好ましい。   The temperature of the base treatment is usually 0 ° C to 50 ° C, preferably 10 ° C to 40 ° C. Since this process generates heat, it is preferably performed while cooling as necessary.

塩基処理終了後、抽出、濃縮等の所望の分離操作をすれば、高純度のアルキルアミノピリジン類(2)を得ることができる。   After the base treatment, high-purity alkylaminopyridines (2) can be obtained by performing desired separation operations such as extraction and concentration.

次に、本発明を実施例によりさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例によってなんら限定されるものではない。なお、下記実施例の純度は上述のガスクロマトグラフィー分析(以下GC分析という。)により測定したものである。   EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further more concretely, this invention is not limited at all by the following examples. In addition, the purity of the following Example was measured by the above-mentioned gas chromatography analysis (henceforth GC analysis).

参考例1
10%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液1294g(3.23mol)、10.4%NaOCl水溶液2308g(3.23mol)の混合物に6−イソプロピルピリジン−3−カルボキシアミド448.2g(2.73mol)を5℃で2時間かけて添加し、同温度で2時間撹拌した。得られた撹拌混合物を1.11%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液3852g(1.07mol)に60〜63℃で3時間かけて滴下し、同温度で2時間反応させた。反応終了後、得られた反応混合物を室温まで冷却し、トルエンで抽出後、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、得られたオイル層をエバポレーターで濃縮して、濃縮残渣339.5gを得た。
該濃縮残渣313.0g[3−アミノ−6−イソプロピルピリジン純度84.0%]を10段の蒸留塔で蒸留して、101〜105℃/0.4kPaの留分を本留分として、3−アミノ−6−イソプロピルピリジン185.1g[純度;99.71%、不純物1;0.11%、不純物2;0.05%]を得た。
Reference example 1
To a mixture of 1294 g (3.23 mol) of 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 2308 g (3.23 mol) of 10.4% aqueous NaOCl solution, 448.2 g (2.73 mol) of 6-isopropylpyridine-3-carboxamide was added at 5 ° C. The mixture was added over time and stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours. The obtained stirred mixture was added dropwise to 3852 g (1.07 mol) of a 1.11% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at 60 to 63 ° C. over 3 hours, and reacted at the same temperature for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the obtained reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, extracted with toluene, washed with saturated brine, and the obtained oil layer was concentrated with an evaporator to obtain 339.5 g of a concentrated residue.
313.0 g [3-amino-6-isopropylpyridine purity 84.0%] of the concentrated residue was distilled in a 10-stage distillation column, and a fraction of 101 to 105 ° C./0.4 kPa was used as a main fraction. -185.1 g of amino-6-isopropylpyridine [purity: 99.71%, impurity 1; 0.11%, impurity 2; 0.05%] were obtained.

実施例1
参考例1と同様にして得られた本留分100g[0.73mol、純度;99.62%、不純物1;0.20%、不純物2;0.10%]、イソプロパノール148.9gの混合物に20.4重量%の塩化水素/イソプロパノール溶液132.0g(塩化水素として0.74mol)を20〜27℃、30分で滴下し、50℃で反応した。反応終了後、0℃まで冷却して、析出した結晶を濾過、洗浄、乾燥し、3−アミノ−6−イソプロピルピリジン塩酸塩105.3g[LC純度99.9%]を得た。
得られた3−アミノ−6−イソプロピルピリジン塩酸塩20g、水40g及びトルエン20gを混合し、48重量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液9.5gを17〜21℃、12分で滴下した。得られた反応混合物を分液し、トルエン層をエバポレーターで濃縮して、3−アミノ−6−イソプロピルピリジン14.8g[GC純度;99.9%]を得た。得られた3−アミノ−6−イソプロピルピリジンをGC分析した結果、不純物1及び2は検出されなかった。
Example 1
To a mixture of 100 g [0.73 mol, purity: 99.62%, impurity 1; 0.20%, impurity 2; 0.10%] and isopropanol 148.9 g obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1. 132.0 g (0.74 mol as hydrogen chloride) of a 20.4 wt% hydrogen chloride / isopropanol solution was added dropwise at 20 to 27 ° C. over 30 minutes, and the reaction was carried out at 50 ° C. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to 0 ° C., and the precipitated crystals were filtered, washed and dried to obtain 105.3 g of 3-amino-6-isopropylpyridine hydrochloride [LC purity 99.9%].
20 g of the obtained 3-amino-6-isopropylpyridine hydrochloride, 40 g of water and 20 g of toluene were mixed, and 9.5 g of a 48 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added dropwise at 17 to 21 ° C. for 12 minutes. The obtained reaction mixture was separated, and the toluene layer was concentrated with an evaporator to obtain 14.8 g of 3-amino-6-isopropylpyridine [GC purity: 99.9%]. As a result of GC analysis of the obtained 3-amino-6-isopropylpyridine, impurities 1 and 2 were not detected.

Claims (3)

式(1):
Figure 2008222593
(式中、Rは炭素数1〜6のアルキル基を表す。)で示されるアルキルピリジンカルボキシアミド類をホフマン分解して得られる式(2):
Figure 2008222593
(式中、Rは前記に同じ。)で示されるアルキルアミノピリジン類を精製するにあたり、該アルキルアミノピリジン類を酸と混合してアルキルアミノピリジン類の酸塩を得た後、次いで該アルキルアミノピリジン類の酸塩を塩基で処理することを特徴とするアルキルアミノピリジン類の精製方法。
Formula (1):
Figure 2008222593
Formula (2) obtained by Hofmann decomposition of alkylpyridinecarboxyamides represented by the formula (wherein R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms):
Figure 2008222593
(In the formula, R is the same as above.) In purifying the alkylaminopyridines represented by the formula, the alkylaminopyridines are mixed with an acid to obtain an acid salt of the alkylaminopyridines, and then the alkylaminopyridines are A method for purifying alkylaminopyridines, which comprises treating an acid salt of pyridines with a base.
Rがイソプロピル基である請求項1に記載の精製方法。 The purification method according to claim 1, wherein R is an isopropyl group. 酸が無機酸である請求項1又は2に記載の精製方法。 The purification method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the acid is an inorganic acid.
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WO2011150950A1 (en) * 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 Lonza Ltd 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridinium salts
EP2415762A2 (en) 2010-08-06 2012-02-08 Saltigo GmbH Method for manufacturing amino-aryl alkyl compounds

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JP2005306743A (en) * 2004-04-19 2005-11-04 Koei Chem Co Ltd Method for preparing alkylaminopyridines
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011150950A1 (en) * 2010-06-02 2011-12-08 Lonza Ltd 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridinium salts
EP2415762A2 (en) 2010-08-06 2012-02-08 Saltigo GmbH Method for manufacturing amino-aryl alkyl compounds
DE102010033690A1 (en) 2010-08-06 2012-02-09 Saltigo Gmbh Process for the preparation of aminoarylalkyl compounds

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