JP2008082281A - Cam mechanism with decompression device - Google Patents

Cam mechanism with decompression device Download PDF

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JP2008082281A
JP2008082281A JP2006264678A JP2006264678A JP2008082281A JP 2008082281 A JP2008082281 A JP 2008082281A JP 2006264678 A JP2006264678 A JP 2006264678A JP 2006264678 A JP2006264678 A JP 2006264678A JP 2008082281 A JP2008082281 A JP 2008082281A
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cam
decompression
camshaft
shaft
support
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JP4536697B2 (en
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Masaya Kurokawa
雅也 黒川
Takashi Kaneishi
貴志 金石
Satoaki Kimura
聡朗 木村
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily improve a slide characteristic of a decompression support part after reducing the weight of a cam shaft, in a cam mechanism with a decompression device allowing compressed pressure in a combustion chamber to escape in starting an engine. <P>SOLUTION: This cam mechanism with a decompression device is structured such that a support hole 32 extending along a cam shaft direction is formed in a decompression support part 31 integrally rotatably arranged in the outer periphery of a cam shaft 13; a rotary shaft 34 of a decompression shaft 33 is rotatably journaled to the support hole 32; and the decompression shaft 33 is rotated with the rotation of the cam shaft 13 to move a decompression cam part 36 inward/outward on a cam surface of an exhaust cam 22. The cam mechanism with a decompression device is provided with a collar member 45 attached to the outer periphery of the cam shaft 13 integrally rotatably from its axial one end side, and the decompression support part 31 is formed on the collar member 45. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、エンジン始動時の燃焼室内の圧縮圧力を逃がすデコンプ装置(デコンプレッション装置)付きカム機構に関する。   The present invention relates to a cam mechanism with a decompression device (decompression device) that relieves the compression pressure in a combustion chamber when the engine is started.

従来、上記カム機構において、少なくとも排気バルブを駆動するカムシャフトと、回動軸にデコンプカム部及び遠心ウェイト部を有するデコンプシャフトとを備え、前記カムシャフトの外周に一体回転可能に設けたデコンプ支持部に、カム軸方向に沿う支持孔が形成され、該支持孔には前記デコンプシャフトの回動軸が回動可能に軸支され、前記カムシャフトの回転に伴い前記遠心ウェイト部に作用する遠心力に応じて、前記デコンプシャフトが回動して前記デコンプカム部を前記カムシャフトの排気カムのカム面上に出没させるものがある(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。前記デコンプ支持部は、カムシャフトの外周に一体形成されている。
特開2004−278410号公報
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the above cam mechanism, a decompression support portion provided with at least a camshaft for driving an exhaust valve and a decompression shaft having a decompression cam portion and a centrifugal weight portion on a rotating shaft, and provided integrally with the outer periphery of the camshaft. A support hole is formed along the cam shaft direction, and the rotation shaft of the decompression shaft is pivotally supported in the support hole, and the centrifugal force acting on the centrifugal weight portion as the cam shaft rotates. In response to this, there is a type in which the decompression shaft rotates to cause the decompression cam portion to appear and disappear on the cam surface of the exhaust cam of the camshaft (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The decompression support portion is integrally formed on the outer periphery of the camshaft.
JP 2004-278410 A

ところで、近年のエンジンにおいては、その軽量化及び低重心化を図るべく、シリンダヘッド内のカムシャフトのチタン化が検討されている。この場合、チタンの摺動特性の都合上、各摺動部分には線爆溶射による溶射膜を形成することが望ましいが、デコンプ支持部のように比較的細かな部位においては、その摺動特性を簡易に向上させるような構成が要望されている。
そこでこの発明は、エンジン始動時の燃焼室内の圧縮圧力を逃がすデコンプ装置付きカム機構において、カムシャフトの軽量化を図った上でデコンプ支持部の摺動特性を簡易に向上させることを目的とする。
By the way, in recent engines, the use of titanium for the camshaft in the cylinder head has been studied in order to reduce the weight and lower the center of gravity. In this case, it is desirable to form a sprayed film by linear explosion spraying on each sliding part due to the sliding characteristics of titanium, but in a relatively fine part such as a decompression support part, the sliding characteristics There is a demand for a configuration that can easily improve the above.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a cam mechanism with a decompression device that relieves the compression pressure in the combustion chamber when the engine is started, and to easily improve the sliding characteristics of the decompression support portion while reducing the weight of the camshaft. .

上記課題の解決手段として、請求項1に記載した発明は、エンジン始動時の燃焼室内の圧縮圧力を逃がすデコンプ装置付きカム機構であって、少なくとも排気バルブ(例えば実施例の排気バルブ6)を駆動するカムシャフト(例えば実施例のカムシャフト13)と、回動軸(例えば実施例の回動軸34)にデコンプカム部(例えば実施例のデコンプカム部36)及び遠心ウェイト部(例えば実施例の遠心ウェイト部35)を有するデコンプシャフト(例えば実施例のデコンプシャフト33)とを備え、前記カムシャフトの外周に一体回転可能に設けたデコンプ支持部(例えば実施例のデコンプ支持部31)に、カム軸方向に沿う支持孔(例えば実施例の支持孔32)が形成され、該支持孔には前記デコンプシャフトの回動軸が回動可能に軸支され、前記カムシャフトの回転に伴い前記遠心ウェイト部に作用する遠心力に応じて、前記デコンプシャフトが回動して前記デコンプカム部を前記カムシャフトの排気カム(例えば実施例の排気カム22)のカム面上に出没させるデコンプ装置付きカム機構において、前記カムシャフトの外周にその軸方向一端側から一体回転可能に取り付けられるカラー部材(例えば実施例のカラー部材45)を備え、該カラー部材に前記デコンプ支持部が形成されることを特徴とする。   As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a cam mechanism with a decompression device for releasing the compression pressure in the combustion chamber when starting the engine, and drives at least an exhaust valve (for example, the exhaust valve 6 of the embodiment). A camshaft (for example, the camshaft 13 of the embodiment), a rotation shaft (for example, the rotation shaft 34 of the embodiment), a decompression cam portion (for example, the decompression cam portion 36 of the embodiment) and a centrifugal weight portion (for example, the centrifugal weight of the embodiment) And a decompression support portion (for example, the decompression support portion 31 of the embodiment) provided on the outer periphery of the camshaft so as to be integrally rotatable. A support hole (for example, support hole 32 in the embodiment) is formed along the support hole, and the rotation shaft of the decompression shaft is pivotally supported in the support hole. In response to the centrifugal force acting on the centrifugal weight portion as the camshaft rotates, the decompression shaft rotates to place the decompression cam portion on the exhaust cam of the camshaft (for example, the exhaust cam 22 of the embodiment). In the cam mechanism with a decompression device that is projected and retracted on the cam surface, a collar member (for example, the collar member 45 of the embodiment) is attached to the outer periphery of the camshaft so as to be integrally rotatable from one axial end side thereof. A decompression support part is formed.

請求項2に記載した発明は、前記カムシャフト外周に前記軸方向一端側から前記カラー部材に続き一体回転可能に取り付けられるカムスプロケット(例えば実施例のカムスプロケット14)を備え、前記カラー部材の前記カムシャフトに対する取り付け方向への移動が、前記カムシャフトに設けた第一位置決め部(例えば実施例の段差部13c)により規制され、前記カムスプロケットの前記カムシャフトに対する取り付け方向への移動が、前記カラー部材を介して前記第一位置決め部により規制され、前記カムスプロケットの前記カムシャフトに対する取り外し方向への移動が、前記カムスプロケットに設けた第二位置決め部(例えば実施例の左環状突部15b)がエンジン構造体(例えば実施例のシリンダヘッド2)のカム支持部(例えば実施例の左ボールベアリング16)に当接することにより規制されることを特徴とする。   The invention described in claim 2 is provided with a cam sprocket (for example, the cam sprocket 14 of the embodiment) attached to the outer periphery of the camshaft so as to be integrally rotatable from the one axial end side to the collar member. Movement in the mounting direction with respect to the camshaft is regulated by a first positioning portion (for example, a step portion 13c in the embodiment) provided on the camshaft, and movement of the cam sprocket in the mounting direction with respect to the camshaft is performed in the collar. A second positioning portion (for example, the left annular protrusion 15b in the embodiment) provided on the cam sprocket is controlled by the first positioning portion via a member, and the cam sprocket is moved in the direction of removal from the cam shaft. A cam support (for example, a cylinder head 2 of the embodiment) Characterized in that it is regulated by abutting the left ball bearing 16) of Example.

請求項3に記載した発明は、前記カムシャフトがチタン製とされ、前記カラー部材及び前記カムスプロケットにおける前記カムシャフトを挿通させる中央カラー部(例えば実施例の中央カラー部15)が鉄製とされることを特徴とする。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, the camshaft is made of titanium, and a central collar portion (for example, the central collar portion 15 of the embodiment) through which the camshaft of the collar member and the cam sprocket is inserted is made of iron. It is characterized by that.

請求項4に記載した発明は、前記排気カムに、その外周のカム面の一部を切り欠く凹部(例えば実施例の凹部41)が形成され、該凹部内には、前記デコンプカム部が回動可能に配置されると共に、少なくとも非デコンプ作動時に前記デコンプカム部を支持するデコンプカム支持部(例えば実施例のデコンプカム支持部49)が設けられ、該デコンプカム支持部が、前記排気カムに取り付けられる支持部材(例えば実施例の支持部材48)で形成されることを特徴とする。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a recess (for example, the recess 41 of the embodiment) is formed in the exhaust cam so as to cut out a part of the outer cam surface, and the decompression cam portion rotates in the recess. A decompression cam support portion (for example, the decompression cam support portion 49 in the embodiment) that is disposed so as to support the decompression cam portion at least during non-decompression operation is provided, and the decompression cam support portion is a support member that is attached to the exhaust cam ( For example, it is formed by the support member 48) of the embodiment.

請求項5に記載した発明は、前記排気カムにおける前記軸方向一端側に、その外周のカム面の一部を切り欠く凹部(例えば実施例の凹部41)が形成されると共に、該凹部の内周側底面(例えば実施例の内周側底面41a)の少なくとも一部を切り欠く溝部(例えば実施例の溝部47)が形成され、該溝部内には、これに整合する環状の支持部材(例えば実施例の支持部材48)が前記軸方向一端側から取り付けられ、前記凹部内には、前記デコンプカム部が回動可能に配置され、少なくとも非デコンプ作動時には、前記デコンプカム部が前記内周側底面における前記支持部材が形成する部位(例えば実施例のデコンプカム支持部49)に支持されることを特徴とする。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a concave portion (for example, the concave portion 41 in the embodiment) is formed on one end side of the exhaust cam in the axial direction, and a part of the outer cam surface is cut out. A groove portion (for example, the groove portion 47 of the embodiment) is formed by cutting out at least a part of the peripheral bottom surface (for example, the inner peripheral surface bottom surface 41a), and an annular support member (for example, an alignment support member) A support member 48) of the embodiment is attached from the one end side in the axial direction, and the decompression cam portion is rotatably disposed in the recess, and at least during non-decompression operation, the decompression cam portion is located on the inner peripheral bottom surface. It is supported by the part (for example, decompression cam support part 49 of an Example) which the said support member forms.

請求項6に記載した発明は、前記カムシャフトがチタン製とされ、前記カラー部材及び前記支持部材が鉄製とされることを特徴とする。   The invention described in claim 6 is characterized in that the camshaft is made of titanium, and the collar member and the support member are made of iron.

請求項1に記載した発明によれば、カムシャフトと別体のカラー部材でデコンプ支持部を形成することで、カムシャフトをチタン製として軽量化を図った上で、カラー部材を鉄製としてデコンプ支持部の摺動特性を簡易に向上でき、デコンプ支持部の耐摩耗性を確保すると共に、デコンプ支持部に摩耗等が生じたとしても適宜交換することが可能となる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, the decompression support portion is formed by a collar member that is separate from the camshaft, so that the camshaft is made of titanium and the weight is reduced, and the collar member is made of iron and the decompression is supported. It is possible to easily improve the sliding characteristics of the portion, to ensure the wear resistance of the decompression support portion, and to replace it appropriately even if wear or the like occurs in the decompression support portion.

請求項2に記載した発明によれば、カムシャフトにカラー部材及びカムスプロケットを順次組み付けることのみで、これらの軸方向での相対的な位置決めがなされると共に、エンジン構造体への組み付け後には、カラー部材及びカムスプロケットを介してカムシャフトのスラスト受けが可能となり、動弁機構の組み付け作業を容易にできる。   According to the second aspect of the invention, only the collar member and the cam sprocket are sequentially assembled to the camshaft so that the relative positioning in the axial direction can be performed, and after the assembly to the engine structure, The camshaft can receive thrust via the collar member and the cam sprocket, and the assembly operation of the valve mechanism can be facilitated.

請求項4に記載した発明によれば、カムシャフトと別体の支持部材でデコンプカム支持部を形成することで、カムシャフトをチタン製として軽量化を図った上で、デコンプカム支持部を鉄製として摺動特性を簡易に向上でき、デコンプカム支持部の耐摩耗性を確保すると共に、デコンプカム支持部に摩耗等が生じたとしても適宜交換することが可能となる。また、凹部周辺の極一部のみを摺動特性の異なる別部材とすればよく、カムシャフトの軽量化を十分に図ることができる。   According to the invention described in claim 4, by forming the decompression cam support portion with the support member separate from the camshaft, the camshaft is made of titanium to reduce the weight, and the decompression cam support portion is made of iron. The dynamic characteristics can be improved easily, the wear resistance of the decompression cam support portion is ensured, and even if the decompression cam support portion is worn, it can be appropriately replaced. Further, only a part of the pole around the concave portion may be a separate member having different sliding characteristics, and the camshaft can be sufficiently reduced in weight.

請求項5に記載した発明によれば、カムシャフトと別体の支持部材でデコンプカム支持部である内周側底面を形成することで、カムシャフトをチタン製として軽量化を図った上で、デコンプカム支持部を鉄製として摺動特性を簡易に向上でき、デコンプカム支持部の耐摩耗性を確保すると共に、デコンプカム支持部に摩耗等が生じたとしても適宜交換することが可能となる。また、環状の支持部材が前記カラー部材及びカムスプロケットと共に軸方向一端側からカムシャフトに取り付けられることで、動弁機構の組み付け作業が容易になる。   According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the camshaft is made of titanium to reduce the weight by forming the inner peripheral side bottom surface which is the decompression cam support portion with the support member separate from the camshaft. The support portion is made of iron, so that the sliding characteristics can be easily improved, the wear resistance of the decompression cam support portion is ensured, and even if wear or the like occurs in the decompression cam support portion, it can be appropriately replaced. In addition, since the annular support member is attached to the camshaft from the one end side in the axial direction together with the collar member and the cam sprocket, the assembly operation of the valve mechanism is facilitated.

請求項3,6に記載した発明によれば、カムシャフトをチタン製として動弁機構の軽量化を図ると共に、耐摩耗性を要するカラー部材、中央カラー部、及び支持部材を鉄製として動弁機構の耐久性の向上を図ることができる。なお、上記チタン製とはチタン及びチタン合金製を含み、鉄製とは各種鋼鉄及び合金鉄製を含む。   According to the third and sixth aspects of the invention, the camshaft is made of titanium to reduce the weight of the valve mechanism, and the collar member, the central collar portion, and the support member that require wear resistance are made of iron. It is possible to improve the durability. The above-mentioned titanium includes titanium and titanium alloys, and the iron includes various steels and alloyed irons.

以下、この発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明する。
図1は、例えば自動二輪車等の車両の原動機に用いられる四ストロークOHC単気筒エンジン(内燃機関)1のシリンダヘッド2周辺の側面図であり、本図に示すように、シリンダヘッド2上にはヘッドカバー3と共に動弁室4が形成され、該動弁室4内に吸排気バルブ5,6作動用の動弁機構7が収容される。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view of the periphery of a cylinder head 2 of a four-stroke OHC single-cylinder engine (internal combustion engine) 1 used for a prime mover of a vehicle such as a motorcycle. As shown in FIG. A valve operating chamber 4 is formed together with the head cover 3, and a valve operating mechanism 7 for operating the intake and exhaust valves 5 and 6 is accommodated in the valve operating chamber 4.

シリンダヘッド2には吸排気ポート8,9が形成され、該吸排気ポート8,9の燃焼室側開口がそれぞれ前記吸排気バルブ5,6により開閉される。吸排気バルブ5,6は、傘状の弁体から棒状のステム5a,6aをヘッドカバー3側に延出してなり、該各バルブ5,6のステム先端部には、リテーナ11を介してバルブスプリング12のバネ力が付与され、該バネ力により各バルブ5,6が各ポート8,9の燃焼室側開口を閉塞する側に付勢される。吸排気バルブ5,6のステム5a,6aは側面視V字状に配置され、該各ステム5a,6a間に吸排気バルブ駆動用のカムシャフト13が左右方向に沿って配置される。なお、図中符号Cはカムシャフト13の回転中心(軸線)を示す。   Intake and exhaust ports 8 and 9 are formed in the cylinder head 2, and the combustion chamber side openings of the intake and exhaust ports 8 and 9 are opened and closed by the intake and exhaust valves 5 and 6, respectively. The intake and exhaust valves 5 and 6 are formed by extending rod-shaped stems 5a and 6a from the umbrella-shaped valve body to the head cover 3 side, and valve springs are provided at the stem tip portions of the valves 5 and 6 via retainers 11. 12 spring force is applied, and the valves 5 and 6 are urged to close the combustion chamber side openings of the ports 8 and 9 by the spring force. The stems 5a, 6a of the intake / exhaust valves 5, 6 are arranged in a V shape when viewed from the side, and the camshaft 13 for driving the intake / exhaust valves is arranged between the stems 5a, 6a along the left-right direction. In the figure, the symbol C indicates the rotation center (axis) of the camshaft 13.

図2に示すように、カムシャフト13の左側部(図中左方を矢印LHで示す)は、これと同軸をなすカムスプロケット14の中央カラー部15内にスプライン嵌合により相対回転不能に挿通される。中央カラー部15の左側部は、左ボールベアリング16を介してシリンダヘッド2の左側壁2aに回転可能に支持される。換言すれば、カムシャフト13の左端部は、前記中央カラー部15内に保持された状態で、左ボールベアリング16を介してシリンダヘッド2の左側壁2aに回転可能に支持される。なお、シリンダヘッド2の左側壁2aにおける左ボールベアリング16保持用の貫通孔17は、動弁室外側からキャップ17aにより油密に閉塞される。   As shown in FIG. 2, the left side portion of the camshaft 13 (the left side in the figure is indicated by an arrow LH) is inserted into the central collar portion 15 of the cam sprocket 14 that is coaxial with the camshaft 13 so as not to be relatively rotatable by spline fitting. Is done. The left side portion of the central collar portion 15 is rotatably supported by the left side wall 2a of the cylinder head 2 via the left ball bearing 16. In other words, the left end portion of the camshaft 13 is rotatably supported by the left side wall 2 a of the cylinder head 2 via the left ball bearing 16 while being held in the central collar portion 15. The through hole 17 for holding the left ball bearing 16 in the left side wall 2a of the cylinder head 2 is oil-tightly closed by a cap 17a from the outside of the valve operating chamber.

一方、カムシャフト13の右端部は、右ボールベアリング18を介してシリンダヘッド2の右側壁2bに回転可能に支持される。なお、右ボールベアリング18は、シリンダヘッド2の右側壁2bにおける動弁室内側に開口するカップ状のベアリング支持部19内に保持される。   On the other hand, the right end portion of the camshaft 13 is rotatably supported by the right side wall 2b of the cylinder head 2 via the right ball bearing 18. The right ball bearing 18 is held in a cup-shaped bearing support portion 19 that opens to the valve operating chamber side in the right side wall 2 b of the cylinder head 2.

エンジン1は四バルブ式であり、吸排気バルブ5,6をそれぞれ左右一対に有し、これら各バルブ5,6が、シリンダ左右中心で振り分けられるように配置される。カムシャフト13は、その右端部が左右一対の吸排気バルブ5,6間に位置するように(概ねシリンダ左右中心に位置するように)、全体的に左方にオフセットして配置される。なお、カムシャフト13の右端部の外径と中央カラー部15の左側部の外径とはほぼ同一であり、以下、前記外径の円筒面をカムシャフト13の基準面ということがある。   The engine 1 is a four-valve type and has a pair of left and right intake and exhaust valves 5 and 6, and these valves 5 and 6 are arranged so as to be distributed at the left and right centers of the cylinder. The camshaft 13 is disposed offset to the left as a whole so that the right end portion thereof is positioned between the pair of left and right intake and exhaust valves 5 and 6 (so as to be generally positioned at the center of the left and right sides of the cylinder). The outer diameter of the right end portion of the camshaft 13 and the outer diameter of the left side portion of the central collar portion 15 are substantially the same. Hereinafter, the cylindrical surface having the outer diameter may be referred to as a reference surface of the camshaft 13.

カムシャフト13の右半部外周には、吸排気バルブ駆動用の吸排気カム21,22がそれぞれ一体形成される。各カム21,22は、それぞれ前記基準面よりも拡径した外周面(カム面)を形成するもので、カムシャフト13と同軸円筒状のカム面を形成する円筒部21a,22a(図4参照)と、該円筒部21a,22aに対して外周側に突出して山形のカム面を形成するカム山部21b,22b(図4参照)とを有してなる。吸気カム21は右半部右側に、排気カム22は右半部左側にそれぞれ位置し、これらがカム軸方向で互いに離間して配置される。   Intake and exhaust cams 21 and 22 for driving intake and exhaust valves are integrally formed on the outer periphery of the right half of the camshaft 13. Each of the cams 21 and 22 forms an outer peripheral surface (cam surface) whose diameter is larger than that of the reference surface. Cylindrical portions 21a and 22a that form a coaxial cylindrical cam surface with the cam shaft 13 (see FIG. 4). ) And cam crests 21b and 22b (see FIG. 4) that project to the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical portions 21a and 22a to form a crest-shaped cam surface. The intake cam 21 is located on the right side of the right half and the exhaust cam 22 is located on the left side of the right half, and these are spaced apart from each other in the cam shaft direction.

図1を併せて参照し、吸排気カム21,22と吸排気バルブ5,6のステム先端部との間には、それぞれ吸気又は排気ロッカーアーム23,24が揺動自在に設けられる。各ロッカーアーム23,24のカム側端部(入力端部)には、それぞれ吸排気カム21,22外周のカム面に当接するカムローラ23a,24aが回転自在に設けられる。一方、各ロッカーアーム23,24のバルブ側端部(出力端部)には、それぞれ吸排気バルブ5,6のステム先端にシムを介して当接する当接部23b,24bが設けられる。   Referring also to FIG. 1, intake or exhaust rocker arms 23 and 24 are swingably provided between the intake and exhaust cams 21 and 22 and the distal end portions of the intake and exhaust valves 5 and 6, respectively. Cam rollers 23a and 24a that are in contact with the cam surfaces on the outer circumferences of the intake and exhaust cams 21 and 22 are rotatably provided at the cam side ends (input end portions) of the rocker arms 23 and 24, respectively. On the other hand, the valve side end portions (output end portions) of the rocker arms 23 and 24 are provided with contact portions 23b and 24b that contact the stem tips of the intake and exhaust valves 5 and 6 via shims, respectively.

カムシャフト13は、前記カムスプロケット14に巻き掛けられるカムチェーンを介して、エンジン1のクランクシャフトと同期して回転駆動する。そして、カムシャフト13の回転駆動時には、吸排気カム21,22のカムパターンに応じて各ロッカーアーム23,24を適宜揺動させ、吸排気バルブ5,6を往復動させて吸排気ポート8,9の燃焼室側開口を開閉させる。なお、図2中符号25は前記カムチェーンを収容するカムチェーン室を示す。   The camshaft 13 is driven to rotate in synchronization with the crankshaft of the engine 1 via a cam chain wound around the cam sprocket 14. When the camshaft 13 is driven to rotate, the rocker arms 23, 24 are appropriately swung according to the cam patterns of the intake / exhaust cams 21, 22, and the intake / exhaust valves 5, 6 are reciprocated to reciprocate the intake / exhaust ports 8, 9 combustion chamber side opening is opened and closed. In addition, the code | symbol 25 in FIG. 2 shows the cam chain chamber which accommodates the said cam chain.

各ロッカーアーム23,24のカムローラ23a,24aは、吸排気カム21,22外周のカム面にヘッドカバー3側から当接し、カムシャフト13の回転駆動に伴い前記カム面上を転動する。以下、吸排気カム21,22外周におけるカムローラ23a,24aが当接する位置をローラ当接位置という。   The cam rollers 23 a and 24 a of the rocker arms 23 and 24 abut on the cam surfaces of the intake and exhaust cams 21 and 22 from the head cover 3 side and roll on the cam surfaces as the camshaft 13 is driven to rotate. Hereinafter, the positions where the cam rollers 23a, 24a contact the outer periphery of the intake / exhaust cams 21, 22 are referred to as roller contact positions.

吸排気カム21,22は、前記ローラ当接位置に円筒部21a,22aが位置するときには、吸排気バルブ5,6をリフトさせずに吸排気ポート8,9の燃焼室側開口を閉じたままとし、ローラ当接位置にカム山部21b,22bが位置するときには、吸排気バルブ5,6をリフトさせて吸排気ポート8,9の燃焼室側開口を開放させる。以下、前記円筒部21a,22a外周の円筒状のカム面をゼロリフト面21c,22cという。   When the cylindrical portions 21a and 22a are located at the roller contact positions, the intake / exhaust cams 21 and 22 keep the openings on the combustion chamber side of the intake / exhaust ports 8 and 9 closed without lifting the intake / exhaust valves 5 and 6 When the cam crests 21b and 22b are positioned at the roller contact position, the intake and exhaust valves 5 and 6 are lifted to open the combustion chamber side openings of the intake and exhaust ports 8 and 9. Hereinafter, the cylindrical cam surfaces on the outer circumferences of the cylindrical portions 21a and 22a are referred to as zero lift surfaces 21c and 22c.

ここで、エンジン1は、その始動時に燃焼室内の圧縮圧力を逃がすべく排気バルブ6を開作動させるデコンプ装置(デコンプレッション装置)30を備える。
図3に示すように、デコンプ装置30は、カムシャフト13におけるカムスプロケット14と排気カム22との間に設けられるもので、カムシャフト13の外周側にはこれと一体回転可能にデコンプ支持部31が設けられ、該デコンプ支持部31にはカム軸方向に沿う支持孔32が形成され、該支持孔32内にはデコンプ装置30におけるデコンプシャフト33の回動軸34が回動可能に軸支される。
Here, the engine 1 includes a decompression device (decompression device) 30 that opens the exhaust valve 6 to release the compression pressure in the combustion chamber when the engine 1 is started.
As shown in FIG. 3, the decompression device 30 is provided between the cam sprocket 14 and the exhaust cam 22 in the camshaft 13, and the decompression support portion 31 is rotatable on the outer peripheral side of the camshaft 13. A support hole 32 is formed in the decompression support portion 31 along the cam shaft direction, and a rotation shaft 34 of a decompression shaft 33 in the decompression device 30 is rotatably supported in the support hole 32. The

図4,8を併せて参照し、デコンプ支持部31は、排気カム22の円筒部22aとカムスプロケット14との間において外周側に突出してなり、その先端側には前記支持孔32が貫通形成される。
図3を参照し、デコンプシャフト33は、前記回動軸34の左端部に遠心ウェイト部35を、右端部にデコンプカム部36をそれぞれ一体形成してなり、その回動軸34をデコンプ支持部31の支持孔32に左方から挿通させた状態で回動可能に支持される。このとき、デコンプシャフト33のデコンプカム部36は、排気カム22左側面に形成された凹部41内に収容される。
4 and 8 together, the decompression support portion 31 protrudes to the outer peripheral side between the cylindrical portion 22a of the exhaust cam 22 and the cam sprocket 14, and the support hole 32 is formed through the tip side thereof. Is done.
Referring to FIG. 3, the decompression shaft 33 is formed by integrally forming a centrifugal weight portion 35 at the left end portion of the rotation shaft 34 and a decompression cam portion 36 at the right end portion, and the rotation shaft 34 is connected to the decompression support portion 31. The support hole 32 is rotatably supported while being inserted from the left side. At this time, the decompression cam portion 36 of the decompression shaft 33 is accommodated in the recess 41 formed on the left side surface of the exhaust cam 22.

回動軸34の左端には、これと同軸の円筒部37が突設され、該円筒部37外周にはデコンプシャフト33に一回動方向への付勢力を付与するトーションコイルスプリング38が取り付けられる。デコンプシャフト33は、デコンプ支持部31の左側面に回動軸34左側の段差部34aにおける直交面を摺動可能に当接させると共に、カムスプロケット14のスプロケット本体14aの右側面に円筒部37の左端面を摺動可能に当接させることで、カム軸方向での移動を規制された状態でデコンプ支持部31に軸支される。   A cylindrical portion 37 that is coaxial with the rotating shaft 34 protrudes from the left end of the rotating shaft 34, and a torsion coil spring 38 that applies a biasing force to the decompression shaft 33 in one rotating direction is attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 37. . The decompression shaft 33 is slidably brought into contact with the left side surface of the decompression support portion 31 at the stepped portion 34a on the left side of the rotation shaft 34, and the cylindrical portion 37 is placed on the right side surface of the sprocket body 14a of the cam sprocket 14. By causing the left end surface to slidably contact, the decompression support portion 31 is pivotally supported in a state where movement in the cam shaft direction is restricted.

遠心ウェイト部35は、回動軸34の左端部から比較的左右幅の小さいアーム部35を外周側に延出し、該アーム部35の先端側に左方に向けて左右幅を広げたウェイト本体35bを一体形成してなる。遠心ウェイト部35は、デコンプ支持部31よりもカムシャフト13の回転駆動方向(図4中矢印F方向)に位置し、デコンプシャフト33が回動軸34回りに回動すると、その遠心力に応じてウェイト本体35bがカムシャフト13の内周側又は外周側に移動可能である。   The centrifugal weight portion 35 has an arm portion 35 with a relatively small left-right width extending from the left end portion of the rotating shaft 34 to the outer peripheral side, and a weight main body with the left-right width expanded toward the left side at the distal end side of the arm portion 35. 35b is integrally formed. The centrifugal weight portion 35 is positioned in the rotational drive direction of the camshaft 13 (in the direction of arrow F in FIG. 4) relative to the decompression support portion 31. When the decompression shaft 33 rotates about the rotation shaft 34, the centrifugal weight portion 35 responds to the centrifugal force. Thus, the weight main body 35b is movable to the inner peripheral side or the outer peripheral side of the camshaft 13.

デコンプシャフト33は、前記トーションコイルスプリング38のバネ力によりウェイト本体35bを内周側に移動させる側に付勢される。このとき、遠心ウェイト部35の一側が後述のカラー部材45の外周に当接することで、デコンプシャフト33におけるウェイト本体35bを内周側に移動させる側への回動限界位置が規定される。このときの回動限界位置を内周側回動限界位置とする。なお、遠心ウェイト部35は、前記内周側回動限界位置において前記カラー部材45の外周を回り込むように屈曲して形成される。   The decompression shaft 33 is biased toward the side that moves the weight main body 35b to the inner peripheral side by the spring force of the torsion coil spring 38. At this time, when one side of the centrifugal weight portion 35 comes into contact with the outer periphery of the collar member 45 described later, a rotation limit position of the decompression shaft 33 toward the side on which the weight main body 35b is moved to the inner peripheral side is defined. The rotation limit position at this time is defined as an inner peripheral rotation limit position. The centrifugal weight portion 35 is formed to bend so as to go around the outer periphery of the collar member 45 at the inner peripheral side rotation limit position.

回動軸34の左端部における遠心ウェイト部35と反対側の部位からは、比較的短いストッパ片39が外周側に延出する。ストッパ片39は、デコンプシャフト33がトーションコイルスプリング38のバネ力に抗してウェイト本体35bを外周側に移動させる側に回動した際の回動限界位置を規定する。このときの回動限界位置を外周側回動限界位置とする。   A relatively short stopper piece 39 extends from the portion of the left end portion of the rotating shaft 34 opposite to the centrifugal weight portion 35 to the outer peripheral side. The stopper piece 39 defines a rotation limit position when the decompression shaft 33 is rotated to the side that moves the weight main body 35 b to the outer peripheral side against the spring force of the torsion coil spring 38. Let the rotation limit position at this time be an outer periphery side rotation limit position.

図5を併せて参照し、デコンプカム部36は、回動軸34先端側の円柱体の外周側の例えば二箇所を平坦状に面取りしてなる。以下、前記面取り部分を第一及び第二平坦部36a,36bとし、これらの間に残る円筒状部分を第一及び第二カム山部36c,36dとする。各平坦部36a,36b及びカム山部36c,36dは、回動軸34の周方向で交互に並んで配置される。   Referring also to FIG. 5, the decompression cam portion 36 is formed by chamfering, for example, two places on the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical body on the distal end side of the rotating shaft 34 in a flat shape. Hereinafter, the chamfered portions are referred to as first and second flat portions 36a and 36b, and the cylindrical portions remaining therebetween are referred to as first and second cam crest portions 36c and 36d. The flat portions 36 a and 36 b and the cam crest portions 36 c and 36 d are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft 34.

図3,6に示すように、排気カム22の円筒部22aの左側面には、そのカム面(ゼロリフト面22c)の一部を切り欠く前記凹部41が形成される。凹部41は、カム軸方向視で外周側に開放するコ字状(方形状)をなし、前記デコンプ支持部31の支持孔32とカム軸方向で対向配置される。この凹部41内にデコンプシャフト33のデコンプカム部36が回動可能に収容される。これら凹部41及びデコンプカム部36は、エンジン1が圧縮工程の後半にあるときに前記ローラ当接位置に位置する。以下、凹部41による排気カム22のカム面切り欠き部を符号42とする。   As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the concave portion 41 is formed on the left side surface of the cylindrical portion 22a of the exhaust cam 22 by cutting out a part of the cam surface (zero lift surface 22c). The concave portion 41 has a U-shape (square shape) that opens to the outer peripheral side when viewed in the cam shaft direction, and is disposed opposite to the support hole 32 of the decompression support portion 31 in the cam shaft direction. The decompression cam portion 36 of the decompression shaft 33 is rotatably accommodated in the recess 41. The concave portion 41 and the decompression cam portion 36 are located at the roller contact position when the engine 1 is in the latter half of the compression process. Hereinafter, the cam surface notch portion of the exhaust cam 22 by the concave portion 41 is denoted by reference numeral 42.

図5(a)、図7(a)を参照し、デコンプカム部36の第一カム山部36cは、デコンプシャフト33が前記内周側限界位置にあるときにはカム面切り欠き部42内に位置する。このとき、デコンプカム部36(第一カム山部36c)は排気カム22のカム面(ゼロリフト面22c)上に所定量突出する。
一方、図5(b)、図7(b)を参照し、デコンプカム部36の第一平坦部36aは、デコンプシャフト33が前記外周側限界位置にあるときには前記カム面切り欠き部42内に位置する。このとき、デコンプカム部36(第一平坦部36a)は排気カム22のカム面(ゼロリフト面22c)上に突出しない。
5A and 7A, the first cam crest portion 36c of the decompression cam portion 36 is located in the cam surface notch portion 42 when the decompression shaft 33 is in the inner peripheral side limit position. . At this time, the decompression cam portion 36 (first cam crest portion 36c) projects a predetermined amount on the cam surface (zero lift surface 22c) of the exhaust cam 22.
On the other hand, referring to FIG. 5B and FIG. 7B, the first flat portion 36a of the decompression cam portion 36 is located in the cam surface notch portion 42 when the decompression shaft 33 is at the outer peripheral side limit position. To do. At this time, the decompression cam portion 36 (first flat portion 36a) does not protrude on the cam surface (zero lift surface 22c) of the exhaust cam 22.

デコンプシャフト33は、カムシャフト13の回転に伴い遠心ウェイト部35(ウェイト本体35b)に作用する遠心力に応じて回動し、デコンプカム部36を前記カム面切り欠き部42から排気カム22のカム面上に出没させる。
具体的には、デコンプシャフト33は、カムシャフト13が停止又は所定速度未満で回転するときには、トーションコイルスプリング38のバネ力により前記内周側回動限界位置に付勢され、デコンプカム部36を排気カム22のカム面上に突出させる。一方、カムシャフト13が所定速度(エンジン始動時の回転速度)以上で回転するときには、トーションコイルスプリング38のバネ力に抗してデコンプシャフト33が前記外周側回動限界位置に向けて回動し、デコンプカム部36を排気カム22のカム面上に突出させない。
The decompression shaft 33 rotates in accordance with the centrifugal force acting on the centrifugal weight portion 35 (weight body 35b) as the camshaft 13 rotates, and the decompression cam portion 36 is camped from the cam surface notch portion 42 to the cam of the exhaust cam 22. Invade on the surface.
Specifically, the decompression shaft 33 is urged to the inner peripheral rotation limit position by the spring force of the torsion coil spring 38 when the camshaft 13 stops or rotates at a speed lower than a predetermined speed, and the decompression cam portion 36 is exhausted. It protrudes on the cam surface of the cam 22. On the other hand, when the camshaft 13 rotates at a predetermined speed (rotational speed when the engine starts) or higher, the decompression shaft 33 rotates toward the outer rotation limit position against the spring force of the torsion coil spring 38. The decompression cam portion 36 is not projected on the cam surface of the exhaust cam 22.

排気ロッカーアーム24のカムローラは、カム面切り欠き部42上を転動する際、その左側がカム面切り欠き部42上を通過し、右側がカム面切り欠き部42の右側に残るカム面(ゼロリフト面22c)上を通過する。したがって、カム面上にデコンプカム部36が突出する状態でカム面切り欠き部42上をカムローラが転動すると、該カムローラがデコンプカム部36に乗り上げて排気ロッカーアーム24を揺動させ、排気バルブ6が作動して排気ポート9の燃焼室側開口を所定量開いて燃焼室内の圧縮圧力を逃がす。
これにより、圧縮上死点手前の圧力上昇によるクランクシャフトの回転抑制力が抑えられ、クランクシャフトの回転が充分に加速される。
When the cam roller of the exhaust rocker arm 24 rolls on the cam surface notch portion 42, the left side of the cam roller passes over the cam surface notch portion 42, and the right side is the cam surface remaining on the right side of the cam surface notch portion 42 ( Passes over the zero lift surface 22c). Accordingly, when the cam roller rolls on the cam surface notch portion 42 with the decompression cam portion 36 projecting on the cam surface, the cam roller rides on the decompression cam portion 36 and swings the exhaust rocker arm 24, so that the exhaust valve 6 It operates to open a predetermined amount of the combustion chamber side opening of the exhaust port 9 to release the compression pressure in the combustion chamber.
Thereby, the rotation suppression force of the crankshaft due to the pressure increase before the compression top dead center is suppressed, and the rotation of the crankshaft is sufficiently accelerated.

この後、クランクシャフトと共にカムシャフト13の回転が加速すると、その遠心力によりデコンプシャフト33がトーションコイルスプリング38の付勢力に抗して前記外周側回動限界位置に向けて回動し、デコンプカム部36のカム面上の突出を無くす。
この状態でカム面切り欠き部42上をカムローラが転動すると、該カムローラがカム部に乗り上げることなくゼロリフト面22c上を転動し、排気バルブ6が作動することなく排気ポート9の燃焼室側開口を閉じたままとして通常の圧縮工程を可能とする。すなわち、スタータモータ等のエンジン始動手段の初期入力を軽減させた上で、エンジン1を容易かつ確実に始動させることが可能となる。
Thereafter, when the rotation of the camshaft 13 is accelerated together with the crankshaft, the decompression shaft 33 rotates against the urging force of the torsion coil spring 38 by the centrifugal force, and the decompression cam portion Eliminate protrusions on 36 cam surfaces.
When the cam roller rolls on the cam surface notch 42 in this state, the cam roller rolls on the zero lift surface 22c without riding on the cam portion, and the exhaust valve 6 does not operate and the exhaust port 9 does not operate. The opening is kept closed, allowing a normal compression process. That is, it is possible to easily and reliably start the engine 1 while reducing the initial input of engine starting means such as a starter motor.

図3に示すように、カムシャフト13の左半部は、前記基準面よりも縮径して設けられる。この左半部外周には、前記カムスプロケット14の中央カラー部15及びカラー部材45が一体回転可能に取り付けられる。
カラー部材45は、カムシャフト13左半部の右側外周にその左端側から圧入又はスプライン嵌合等により相対回転不能に取り付けられる。カラー部材45の右側部はやや拡径して形成され、該右側部の外周の一部が外周側に膨出することで、前記デコンプ支持部31が一体形成される。すなわち、デコンプ支持部31は、カムシャフト13本体とは別体に設けられる。
As shown in FIG. 3, the left half of the camshaft 13 is provided with a diameter smaller than that of the reference surface. A central collar portion 15 and a collar member 45 of the cam sprocket 14 are attached to the outer periphery of the left half portion so as to be integrally rotatable.
The collar member 45 is attached to the right outer periphery of the left half of the camshaft 13 so as not to be relatively rotatable by press-fitting or spline fitting from the left end side. The right side portion of the collar member 45 is formed with a slightly larger diameter, and a part of the outer periphery of the right side portion bulges to the outer peripheral side, whereby the decompression support portion 31 is integrally formed. That is, the decompression support portion 31 is provided separately from the main body of the camshaft 13.

カムシャフト13の左右中間外周には、その左半部の縮径に伴う段差部13cが形成され、該段差部13cにおける軸方向との直交面にカラー部材45の右端面が当接することで、カラー部材45の右方への移動すなわちカムシャフト13への取り付け方向への移動が規制される。   A stepped portion 13c is formed on the left and right intermediate outer periphery of the camshaft 13 along with the reduced diameter of the left half, and the right end surface of the collar member 45 abuts on a surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the stepped portion 13c. The movement of the collar member 45 to the right, that is, the movement in the direction of attachment to the camshaft 13 is restricted.

中央カラー部15は、カムシャフト13左半部の左側外周にその左端側からカラー部材45に続き圧入又はスプライン嵌合等により相対回転不能に取り付けられる。中央カラー部15の左側部外周には、前記左ボールベアリング16のインナレース内に嵌合する左支持面15aが形成されると共に、該左支持面15aの右側に隣接して左環状突部15bが形成される。左環状突部15bは、カムシャフト13をシリンダヘッド2に組み付けた際に左ボールベアリング16のインナレース右側面に当接し、カムスプロケット14の左方への移動すなわちカムシャフト13からの抜け方向への移動を規制する。このとき、カムスプロケット14を介してカラー部材45の左方(抜け方向)への移動が規制される。中央カラー部15の右側部外周には、円盤状のスプロケット本体14aが一体形成される。   The central collar portion 15 is attached to the left outer periphery of the left half portion of the camshaft 13 so as not to rotate relative to the collar member 45 from the left end side by press-fitting or spline fitting. A left support surface 15a is formed on the outer periphery of the left side of the central collar portion 15 and is fitted into the inner race of the left ball bearing 16, and a left annular protrusion 15b adjacent to the right side of the left support surface 15a. Is formed. The left annular protrusion 15b abuts on the right side surface of the inner race of the left ball bearing 16 when the camshaft 13 is assembled to the cylinder head 2, and the cam sprocket 14 moves to the left, that is, in the direction of removal from the camshaft 13. Regulate the movement of At this time, the movement of the collar member 45 to the left (withdrawal direction) via the cam sprocket 14 is restricted. A disc-shaped sprocket body 14 a is integrally formed on the outer periphery of the right side portion of the central collar portion 15.

中央カラー部15の右端面はカラー部材45の左端面に当接し、これによりカムスプロケット14全体の右方への移動すなわちカムシャフト13への取り付け方向への移動が規制される。カムスプロケット14は、シリンダヘッド2への組み付け時には前記左環状突部15bにより左方への移動が規制されることから、該カムスプロケット14及びカラー部材45を介してカムシャフト13全体の左方への移動が規制される。   The right end surface of the central collar portion 15 abuts on the left end surface of the collar member 45, thereby restricting movement of the entire cam sprocket 14 to the right, that is, movement in the direction of attachment to the camshaft 13. When the cam sprocket 14 is assembled to the cylinder head 2, the left annular projection 15 b restricts the leftward movement of the cam sprocket 14. Thus, the cam sprocket 14 moves to the left of the entire camshaft 13 via the cam sprocket 14 and the collar member 45. Movement is restricted.

カムシャフト13の右端部外周には、前記右ボールベアリング18のインナレース内に嵌合する右支持面13aが形成されると共に、該右支持面13aの左側に隣接して右環状突部13bが形成される。右環状突部13bは、カムシャフト13をシリンダヘッド2に組み付けた際に右ボールベアリング18のインナレース左側面に当接し、カムシャフト13の右方への移動を規制する。この右環状突部13b及び前記左環状突部15bにより、シリンダヘッド2に対するカムシャフト13全体の軸方向での移動が規制されると共に位置決めがなされ、かつカムシャフト13全体のスラスト荷重が支持される。   A right support surface 13a that fits into the inner race of the right ball bearing 18 is formed on the outer periphery of the right end portion of the camshaft 13, and a right annular protrusion 13b is adjacent to the left side of the right support surface 13a. It is formed. The right annular protrusion 13b abuts against the left side of the inner race of the right ball bearing 18 when the camshaft 13 is assembled to the cylinder head 2, and restricts the camshaft 13 from moving to the right. The right annular protrusion 13b and the left annular protrusion 15b restrict the movement of the entire camshaft 13 relative to the cylinder head 2 in the axial direction and position the camshaft 13 and support the thrust load of the entire camshaft 13. .

ここで、カムシャフト13及びカムスプロケット14は、チタン又はチタン合金からなるチタン製とされ、カラー部材45及びデコンプシャフト33は、各種鉄鋼又は合金鉄からなる鉄製とされる。
また、カムシャフト13の左右支持面13a,15a及び吸排気カム21,22外周のカム面並びにカムスプロケット14外周の歯先には、その摺動特性を向上させて耐摩耗性を確保するべく、線爆溶射による溶射膜が形成される。
Here, the camshaft 13 and the cam sprocket 14 are made of titanium made of titanium or a titanium alloy, and the collar member 45 and the decompression shaft 33 are made of iron made of various steels or alloy irons.
In addition, the left and right support surfaces 13a and 15a of the camshaft 13 and the cam surfaces of the intake and exhaust cams 21 and 22 and the teeth of the cam sprocket 14 are improved in their sliding characteristics to ensure wear resistance. A sprayed film is formed by wire explosion spraying.

図3,6に示すように、排気カム22の左側面には、カムシャフト13と同軸の環状をなす溝部47が形成される。溝部47は、左方に開放するコ字状(方形状)の一定断面を有して円周状に延びるもので、この溝部47が前記凹部41の直ぐ内周側に位置することで、該凹部41の内周側底面41aの左側(又は全体)が切り欠かれる。   As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the left side surface of the exhaust cam 22 is formed with an annular groove 47 that is coaxial with the camshaft 13. The groove portion 47 has a U-shaped (square shape) constant cross section that opens to the left and extends in a circumferential shape, and the groove portion 47 is positioned immediately on the inner peripheral side of the concave portion 41. The left side (or the whole) of the inner peripheral side bottom surface 41a of the recess 41 is cut away.

溝部47内には、これに整合する環状の支持部材48がカムシャフト13の左端側から取り付けられる。支持部材48は、溝部47と略同一の方形断面を有して円周状に延びるもので、この支持部材48が溝部47内に嵌まり込んだ状態において、その左側面が排気カム22の左側面と面一をなし、かつ外周面の一部が凹部41の内周側底面41aにおける溝部47が切り欠いた部位を形成する。以下、凹部41における支持部材48が形成する部位(内周側底面41a)をデコンプカム支持部49という。   An annular support member 48 that matches the groove 47 is attached from the left end side of the camshaft 13. The support member 48 has a substantially same rectangular cross section as the groove portion 47 and extends circumferentially. When the support member 48 is fitted in the groove portion 47, the left side surface is the left side of the exhaust cam 22. A part of the outer peripheral surface forms a portion where the groove portion 47 in the inner peripheral side bottom surface 41a of the recess 41 is cut out. Hereinafter, the portion (inner peripheral side bottom surface 41 a) formed by the support member 48 in the recess 41 is referred to as a decompression cam support portion 49.

デコンプカムシャフト13は、前記内周側回動限界位置にあるとき(デコンプ機能が作動する状態にあるとき、以下、デコンプ作動時ということがある)には、前記カム面切り欠き部42内に第一カム山部36cを配置してこれを排気カム22のゼロリフト面22cから所定量突出させると共に、前記第二カム山部36dの外周面を凹部41の内周側底面41aにおける支持部材48が形成する部位すなわちデコンプカム支持部49に当接させる(図7(a)参照)。これにより、デコンプカム部36に排気ロッカーアーム24のカムローラが乗り上げた際の荷重に対する支持剛性が高まる。   When the decompression camshaft 13 is at the inner circumferential side rotation limit position (when the decompression function is activated, hereinafter, sometimes referred to as decompression operation), the decompression camshaft 13 is placed in the cam surface notch portion 42. A first cam peak portion 36c is disposed and protruded by a predetermined amount from the zero lift surface 22c of the exhaust cam 22, and a support member 48 on the inner peripheral side bottom surface 41a of the recess 41 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second cam peak portion 36d. The portion to be formed, that is, the decompression cam support portion 49 is brought into contact (see FIG. 7A). Thereby, the support rigidity with respect to the load when the cam roller of the exhaust rocker arm 24 rides on the decompression cam portion 36 is increased.

一方、デコンプシャフト33が前記外周側回動限界位置にあるとき(デコンプ機能が作動しない状態にあるとき、以下、非デコンプ作動時ということがある)には、カム面切り欠き部42内に第一平坦部36aを配置して排気カム22のゼロリフト面22cからの突出を無くすと共に、凹部41内に退避した第一カム山部36cの一端側を前記デコンプカム支持部49に当接させる(図7(b)参照)。これにより、非デコンプ作動時においてもデコンプカム部36を凹部41におけるデコンプカム支持部49に支持可能である。   On the other hand, when the decompression shaft 33 is in the outer periphery side rotation limit position (when the decompression function is not activated, hereinafter, sometimes referred to as non-decompression operation), the cam surface notch portion 42 is One flat portion 36a is arranged to eliminate the protrusion of the exhaust cam 22 from the zero lift surface 22c, and one end side of the first cam peak portion 36c retracted in the recess 41 is brought into contact with the decompression cam support portion 49 (FIG. 7). (See (b)). As a result, the decompression cam portion 36 can be supported by the decompression cam support portion 49 in the recess 41 even during non-decompression operation.

そして、支持部材48も前記カラー部材45及びデコンプシャフト33と同様の鉄製とされて耐摩耗性を確保している。なお、デコンプシャフト33がデコンプ作動時と非デコンプ作動時との間で回動する際、デコンプカム支持部49には前記第二平坦部36bが対向する。このとき、デコンプカム支持部49とデコンプカム部36とは当接せず、デコンプシャフト33の回動がスムーズになる。また、各平坦部36a,36bは、第一カム山部36cに対して第二カム山部36dが幅狭となるように軸方向視で互いに傾斜して配置される。   The support member 48 is also made of iron similar to the collar member 45 and the decompression shaft 33 to ensure wear resistance. When the decompression shaft 33 rotates between the decompression operation and the non-decompression operation, the decompression cam support portion 49 faces the second flat portion 36b. At this time, the decompression cam support portion 49 and the decompression cam portion 36 do not come into contact with each other, and the rotation of the decompression shaft 33 becomes smooth. Further, the flat portions 36a and 36b are disposed so as to be inclined with respect to each other in the axial direction so that the second cam peak portion 36d is narrower than the first cam peak portion 36c.

以上説明したように、上記実施例におけるカム機構は、エンジン始動時の燃焼室内の圧縮圧力を逃がすデコンプ装置30を備えるものであって、吸排気バルブ5,6を駆動するカムシャフト13と、回動軸34にデコンプカム部36及び遠心ウェイト部35を有するデコンプシャフト33とを備え、前記カムシャフト13の外周に一体回転可能に設けたデコンプ支持部31に、カム軸方向に沿う支持孔32が形成され、該支持孔32には前記デコンプシャフト33の回動軸34が回動可能に軸支され、前記カムシャフト13の回転に伴い前記遠心ウェイト部35に作用する遠心力に応じて、前記デコンプシャフト33が回動して前記デコンプカム部36を前記カムシャフト13の排気カム22のカム面上に出没させるものにおいて、前記カムシャフト13の外周にその軸方向一端側から一体回転可能に取り付けられるカラー部材45を備え、該カラー部材45に前記デコンプ支持部31が形成されるものである。   As described above, the cam mechanism in the above embodiment includes the decompression device 30 that releases the compression pressure in the combustion chamber when the engine is started, and includes the camshaft 13 that drives the intake and exhaust valves 5 and 6, and the rotation. The dynamic shaft 34 includes a decompression cam portion 36 and a decompression shaft 33 having a centrifugal weight portion 35, and a support hole 32 is formed in the decompression support portion 31 provided on the outer periphery of the camshaft 13 so as to be integrally rotatable. A rotation shaft 34 of the decompression shaft 33 is pivotally supported in the support hole 32, and the decompression shaft 34 is rotated according to the centrifugal force acting on the centrifugal weight portion 35 as the camshaft 13 rotates. The shaft 33 rotates so that the decompression cam portion 36 protrudes and retracts on the cam surface of the exhaust cam 22 of the camshaft 13. Comprising a periphery to collar member 45 integrally attached to rotatable from its one axial end of the Yafuto 13, in which the decompression supporting portion 31 in the collar member 45 is formed.

この構成によれば、カムシャフト13と別体のカラー部材45でデコンプ支持部31を形成することで、カムシャフト13をチタン製として軽量化を図った上で、カラー部材45を鉄製としてデコンプ支持部31の摺動特性を簡易に向上でき、デコンプ支持部31の耐摩耗性を確保すると共に、デコンプ支持部31に摩耗等が生じたとしても適宜交換することが可能となる。   According to this configuration, by forming the decompression support portion 31 with the collar member 45 separate from the camshaft 13, the camshaft 13 is made of titanium and the weight is reduced, and the collar member 45 is made of iron and the decompression is supported. The sliding characteristics of the portion 31 can be easily improved, the wear resistance of the decompression support portion 31 is ensured, and even if wear or the like occurs in the decompression support portion 31, it can be replaced as appropriate.

また、上記カム機構においては、前記カムシャフト13外周に前記軸方向一端側から前記カラー部材45に続き一体回転可能に取り付けられるカムスプロケット14を備え、前記カラー部材45の前記カムシャフト13に対する取り付け方向への移動が、前記カムシャフト13に設けた段差部13cにより規制され、前記カムスプロケット14の前記カムシャフト13に対する取り付け方向への移動が、前記カラー部材45を介して前記段差部13cにより規制され、前記カムスプロケット14の前記カムシャフト13に対する取り外し方向への移動が、前記カムスプロケット14に設けた左環状突部15bがシリンダヘッド2の左ボールベアリング16に当接することにより規制されるものである。   Further, the cam mechanism includes a cam sprocket 14 that is attached to the outer periphery of the camshaft 13 so as to be integrally rotatable from the one axial end side to the collar member 45, and the mounting direction of the collar member 45 with respect to the camshaft 13 The movement of the cam sprocket 14 in the mounting direction with respect to the camshaft 13 is restricted by the stepped portion 13c via the collar member 45. The movement of the cam sprocket 14 in the detaching direction with respect to the cam shaft 13 is restricted by the contact of the left annular protrusion 15b provided on the cam sprocket 14 with the left ball bearing 16 of the cylinder head 2. .

この構成によれば、カムシャフト13にカラー部材45及びカムスプロケット14を順次組み付けることのみで、これらの軸方向での相対的な位置決めがなされると共に、シリンダヘッド2への組み付け後には、カラー部材45及びカムスプロケット14を介してカムシャフト13のスラスト受けが可能となり、動弁機構7の組み付け作業を容易にできる。   According to this configuration, the collar member 45 and the cam sprocket 14 are sequentially assembled to the camshaft 13 to perform relative positioning in the axial direction, and after the assembly to the cylinder head 2, the collar member The thrust receiving of the camshaft 13 can be performed via the camshaft 45 and the cam sprocket 14, and the assembling work of the valve mechanism 7 can be facilitated.

さらに、上記カム機構においては、前記排気カム22の軸方向一端側に、その外周のカム面の一部を切り欠く凹部41が形成されると共に、該凹部41の内周側底面41aの一部を切り欠く溝部47が形成され、該溝部47内には、これに整合する環状の支持部材48が前記軸方向一端側から取り付けられ、前記凹部41内には、前記デコンプカム部36が回動可能に配置され、前記デコンプカム部36が、前記内周側底面41aにおける前記支持部材48が形成する部位(デコンプカム支持部49)に支持されるものである。
この構成によれば、カムシャフト13と別体の支持部材48でデコンプカム支持部49である内周側底面41aを形成することで、カムシャフト13をチタン製として軽量化を図った上で、デコンプカム支持部49を鉄製として摺動特性を簡易に向上でき、デコンプカム支持部49の耐摩耗性を確保すると共に、デコンプカム支持部49に摩耗等が生じたとしても適宜交換することが可能となる。また、環状の支持部材48が前記カラー部材45及びカムスプロケット14と共に軸方向一端側からカムシャフト13に取り付けられることで、動弁機構7の組み付け作業が容易になる。
Further, in the cam mechanism, a recess 41 is formed on one end side in the axial direction of the exhaust cam 22, and a part of the outer peripheral cam surface is notched, and a part of the inner peripheral bottom surface 41 a of the recess 41 A groove portion 47 is formed in the groove portion 47. An annular support member 48 that matches the groove portion 47 is attached from one end side in the axial direction, and the decompression cam portion 36 is rotatable in the recess portion 41. The decompression cam portion 36 is supported by a portion (decompression cam support portion 49) formed by the support member 48 on the inner peripheral bottom surface 41a.
According to this configuration, by forming the inner peripheral side bottom surface 41a which is the decompression cam support portion 49 with the support member 48 separate from the camshaft 13, the camshaft 13 is made of titanium, and the decompression cam is reduced. Since the support portion 49 is made of iron, the sliding characteristics can be easily improved, the wear resistance of the decompression cam support portion 49 can be ensured, and even if wear or the like occurs in the decompression cam support portion 49, it can be appropriately replaced. In addition, since the annular support member 48 is attached to the camshaft 13 from the one axial end side together with the collar member 45 and the cam sprocket 14, the assembling work of the valve mechanism 7 is facilitated.

そして、上記カム機構においては、前記カムシャフト13及びカムスプロケット14がチタン製とされ、前記カラー部材45及び前記支持部材48が鉄製とされることで、カムシャフト13及びカムスプロケット14のチタン化による動弁機構7の軽量化を十分に図ると共に、比較的細かくかつ耐摩耗性を要するカラー部材45(デコンプ支持部31)及び支持部材48を鉄製として動弁機構7の耐久性向上を図ることができる。   In the cam mechanism, the camshaft 13 and the cam sprocket 14 are made of titanium, and the collar member 45 and the support member 48 are made of iron, so that the camshaft 13 and the cam sprocket 14 are made of titanium. It is possible to sufficiently reduce the weight of the valve mechanism 7 and to improve the durability of the valve mechanism 7 by making the collar member 45 (decompression support portion 31) and the support member 48 that are relatively fine and wear-resistant and made of iron. it can.

なお、この発明は上記実施例に限られるものではなく、例えばカムスプロケットが互いに別体の中央カラー部及びスプロケット本体からなるものであってもよい。この場合、中央カラー部を鉄製、スプロケット本体をチタン製とすれば、カムスプロケット全体の軽量化とデコンプ支持部の耐摩耗性の確保とを容易に両立できる。
ここで、チタン製とは少なくともTiを含む合金であり、その他にも例えばAl、V等を含むものであってもよい。また、鉄製とは少なくともFeを含む合金であり、その他にも例えばC、Si、Mn、P、S、Cr、Mo、O等の元素を適量含むものであってもよい。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the cam sprocket may be composed of a central collar portion and a sprocket body that are separate from each other. In this case, if the central collar portion is made of iron and the sprocket body is made of titanium, it is possible to easily achieve both the weight reduction of the cam sprocket and the wear resistance of the decompression support portion.
Here, the product made of titanium is an alloy containing at least Ti, and may contain, for example, Al, V, or the like. Moreover, iron is an alloy containing at least Fe, and may contain an appropriate amount of other elements such as C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, and O.

また、前記溝部及び支持部材がカムシャフトの全周に渡る環状ではなく所定長さを有する円弧状等であってもよい。この場合、鉄製の支持部材が小型化されてカムシャフトがより軽量化される。また、カラー部材45の一端部が溝部内に嵌合する構成であってもよい。この場合、部品点数が削減されて組み付けが容易になる。
さらに、支持部材が凹部の各側面をも形成する構成であってもよい。また、凹部が軸方向視方形状ではなく台形状や三角形状であってもよい。
そして、上記実施例における構成はこの発明の一例であり、当該発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能であることはいうまでもない。
Further, the groove and the support member may have an arc shape having a predetermined length instead of an annular shape over the entire circumference of the camshaft. In this case, the iron support member is reduced in size and the camshaft is further reduced in weight. Moreover, the structure which the one end part of the collar member 45 fits in a groove part may be sufficient. In this case, the number of parts is reduced and assembly is facilitated.
Furthermore, the support member may be configured to form each side surface of the recess. Further, the concave portion may have a trapezoidal shape or a triangular shape instead of the axial direction view shape.
And the structure in the said Example is an example of this invention, and it cannot be overemphasized that a various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of the said invention.

この発明の実施例におけるエンジンのシリンダヘッド周りをカム軸方向から見た側面図である。It is the side view which looked around the cylinder head of the engine in the Example of this invention from the cam shaft direction. 図1のA−A断面図である。It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 図2のカムシャフト周りの拡大図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view around the camshaft of FIG. 2. 図3のA矢視図である。It is A arrow directional view of FIG. 図4のデコンプシャフトの作動説明図であり、(a)はデコンプシャフトが内周側回動限界位置にある状態を、(b)はデコンプシャフトが外周側回動限界位置にある状態をそれぞれ示す。FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram of the decompression shaft of FIG. 4, (a) shows a state where the decompression shaft is at the inner circumferential side rotation limit position, and (b) shows a state where the decompression shaft is at the outer circumference side rotation limit position. . 図3のB−B断面図である。It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. 図6のデコンプカム部の作動説明図であり、(a)はデコンプシャフトが内周側回動限界位置にある状態を、(b)はデコンプシャフトが外周側回動限界位置にある状態をそれぞれ示す。FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of the decompression cam portion of FIG. 6, (a) shows a state where the decompression shaft is at the inner circumferential side rotation limit position, and (b) shows a state where the decompression shaft is at the outer circumferential side rotation limit position. . 図3のD−D断面図である。It is DD sectional drawing of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

2 シリンダヘッド(エンジン構造体)
6 排気バルブ
13 カムシャフト
13c 段差部(第一位置決め部)
14 カムスプロケット
15 中央カラー部
15b 左環状突部(第二位置決め部)
16 左ボールベアリング(カム支持部)
22 排気カム
30 デコンプ装置
31 デコンプ支持部
32 支持孔
33 デコンプシャフト
34 回動軸
35 遠心ウェイト部
36 デコンプカム部
41 凹部
41a 内周側底面
45 カラー部材
47 溝部
48 支持部材
49 デコンプカム支持部
2 Cylinder head (engine structure)
6 Exhaust valve 13 Camshaft 13c Step part (first positioning part)
14 Cam sprocket 15 Center collar 15b Left annular projection (second positioning part)
16 Left ball bearing (cam support)
22 Exhaust cam 30 Decompression device 31 Decompression support section 32 Support hole 33 Decompression shaft 34 Rotating shaft 35 Centrifugal weight section 36 Decompression cam section 41 Recess 41a Inner peripheral side bottom surface 45 Color member 47 Groove section 48 Support member 49 Decompression cam support section

Claims (6)

エンジン始動時の燃焼室内の圧縮圧力を逃がすデコンプ装置付きカム機構であって、
少なくとも排気バルブを駆動するカムシャフトと、回動軸にデコンプカム部及び遠心ウェイト部を有するデコンプシャフトとを備え、前記カムシャフトの外周に一体回転可能に設けたデコンプ支持部に、カム軸方向に沿う支持孔が形成され、該支持孔には前記デコンプシャフトの回動軸が回動可能に軸支され、前記カムシャフトの回転に伴い前記遠心ウェイト部に作用する遠心力に応じて、前記デコンプシャフトが回動して前記デコンプカム部を前記カムシャフトの排気カムのカム面上に出没させるデコンプ装置付きカム機構において、
前記カムシャフトの外周にその軸方向一端側から一体回転可能に取り付けられるカラー部材を備え、該カラー部材に前記デコンプ支持部が形成されることを特徴とするデコンプ装置付きカム機構。
A cam mechanism with a decompression device that releases the compression pressure in the combustion chamber when the engine is started,
At least a camshaft for driving the exhaust valve, and a decompression shaft having a decompression cam portion and a centrifugal weight portion on a rotating shaft, and a decompression support portion provided on the outer periphery of the camshaft so as to be integrally rotatable along the camshaft direction A support hole is formed, and a rotation shaft of the decompression shaft is pivotally supported in the support hole, and the decompression shaft is responsive to a centrifugal force acting on the centrifugal weight portion as the cam shaft rotates. In the cam mechanism with a decompression device that pivots and causes the decompression cam portion to protrude and retract on the cam surface of the exhaust cam of the camshaft,
A cam mechanism with a decompression device, comprising a collar member attached to an outer periphery of the camshaft so as to be integrally rotatable from one axial end thereof, and the decompression support portion being formed on the collar member.
前記カムシャフト外周に前記軸方向一端側から前記カラー部材に続き一体回転可能に取り付けられるカムスプロケットを備え、前記カラー部材の前記カムシャフトに対する取り付け方向への移動が、前記カムシャフトに設けた第一位置決め部により規制され、前記カムスプロケットの前記カムシャフトに対する取り付け方向への移動が、前記カラー部材を介して前記第一位置決め部により規制され、前記カムスプロケットの前記カムシャフトに対する取り外し方向への移動が、前記カムスプロケットに設けた第二位置決め部がエンジン構造体のカム支持部に当接することにより規制されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のデコンプ装置付きカム機構。 A cam sprocket that is attached to the outer periphery of the camshaft from the one end side in the axial direction so as to be integrally rotatable following the collar member, and the movement of the collar member in the mounting direction relative to the camshaft is provided in the camshaft. The movement of the cam sprocket in the attachment direction with respect to the camshaft is restricted by the first positioning portion via the collar member, and the movement of the cam sprocket in the removal direction with respect to the camshaft is restricted by the positioning portion. 2. The cam mechanism with a decompression device according to claim 1, wherein a second positioning portion provided on the cam sprocket is regulated by abutting against a cam support portion of the engine structure. 前記カムシャフトがチタン製とされ、前記カラー部材及び前記カムスプロケットにおける前記カムシャフトを挿通させる中央カラー部が鉄製とされることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のデコンプ装置付きカム機構。 The cam mechanism with a decompression device according to claim 2, wherein the camshaft is made of titanium, and a central collar portion through which the camshaft of the collar member and the cam sprocket is inserted is made of iron. 前記排気カムに、その外周のカム面の一部を切り欠く凹部が形成され、該凹部内には、前記デコンプカム部が回動可能に配置されると共に、少なくとも非デコンプ作動時に前記デコンプカム部を支持するデコンプカム支持部が設けられ、該デコンプカム支持部が、前記排気カムに取り付けられる支持部材で形成されることを特徴とする請求項1から3の何れかに記載のデコンプ装置付きカム機構。 The exhaust cam has a recess formed by cutting out a part of the outer peripheral cam surface. The decompression cam portion is rotatably disposed in the recess and supports the decompression cam portion at least during non-decompression operation. 4. The cam mechanism with a decompression device according to claim 1, wherein a decompression cam support portion is provided, and the decompression cam support portion is formed by a support member attached to the exhaust cam. 前記排気カムにおける前記軸方向一端側に、その外周のカム面の一部を切り欠く凹部が形成されると共に、該凹部の内周側底面の少なくとも一部を切り欠く溝部が形成され、該溝部内には、これに整合する環状の支持部材が前記軸方向一端側から取り付けられ、前記凹部内には、前記デコンプカム部が回動可能に配置され、少なくとも非デコンプ作動時には、前記デコンプカム部が前記内周側底面における前記支持部材が形成する部位に支持されることを特徴とする請求項1から3の何れかに記載のデコンプ装置付きカム機構。 A recess is formed on one end side of the exhaust cam in the axial direction, and a groove is formed by cutting out a part of the outer peripheral cam surface, and a groove is formed by cutting out at least a part of the inner peripheral side bottom surface of the recess. An annular support member that matches this is attached from one end in the axial direction, and the decompression cam portion is rotatably disposed in the recess. At least during the non-decompression operation, the decompression cam portion is The cam mechanism with a decompression device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cam mechanism is supported by a portion formed on the inner peripheral bottom surface by the support member. 前記カムシャフトがチタン製とされ、前記カラー部材及び前記支持部材が鉄製とされることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載のデコンプ装置付きカム機構。 The cam mechanism with a decompression device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the camshaft is made of titanium, and the collar member and the support member are made of iron.
JP2006264678A 2006-09-28 2006-09-28 Cam mechanism with decompression device Expired - Fee Related JP4536697B2 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012077711A (en) * 2010-10-05 2012-04-19 Suzuki Motor Corp Decompression device for engine
CN109630226A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-16 福州普索工程技术有限公司 A kind of camshaft

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI820743B (en) * 2022-06-09 2023-11-01 光陽工業股份有限公司 Decompression camshaft structure of internal combustion engine decompression device

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JPH02157412A (en) * 1988-12-09 1990-06-18 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Decomp. device for engine
JP2003013719A (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-15 Kioritz Corp Decompression device
JP2004278410A (en) * 2003-03-17 2004-10-07 Honda Motor Co Ltd Cam mechanism with decompression device
WO2005005793A1 (en) * 2003-07-10 2005-01-20 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Engine
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JP2012077711A (en) * 2010-10-05 2012-04-19 Suzuki Motor Corp Decompression device for engine
CN109630226A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-16 福州普索工程技术有限公司 A kind of camshaft

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