JP2008049242A - Garbage leachate treatment system - Google Patents

Garbage leachate treatment system Download PDF

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JP2008049242A
JP2008049242A JP2006226711A JP2006226711A JP2008049242A JP 2008049242 A JP2008049242 A JP 2008049242A JP 2006226711 A JP2006226711 A JP 2006226711A JP 2006226711 A JP2006226711 A JP 2006226711A JP 2008049242 A JP2008049242 A JP 2008049242A
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JP4465336B2 (en
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Naoko Harada
尚子 原田
Mitsunari Harada
光就 原田
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage leachate treatment system which enables mass treatment and reduction of treatment time by efficient treatment, and enables treatment at a relatively low temperature, stops to use heavy oil/solid fuel, and enables the usage of kerosene to realize consideration for the environment. <P>SOLUTION: In a desalting process performed after a biological treatment process for removing BOD components from wastewater from a waste disposal site and converting nitrogen components into nitrogen gas by a biological denitrification method to discharge the nitrogen gas to the outside a system, and an advanced treatment process for removing COD components such as suspended solids and color from biological treatment by coagulating sedimentation, sand filtration, and activated carbon treatment, a low concentrate obtained in heat pump type first concentration equipment 61 under a reduced pressure condition is further subjected to heat pump type second concentration equipment 63 to obtain a high concentrate under a reduced pressure condition, and the high concentrate is separated into water vapor and solid salts by indirect heating type drying equipment 65. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、適切な廃棄物最終処分場の維持管理を目指すごみ浸出水処理システムに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a waste leachate treatment system aiming at maintenance of an appropriate waste final disposal site.

浸出水とは、埋立地内に浸透し、埋立ごみと接触して汚れた雨水、また、廃棄物中の含有水から浸出してくる汚水である。   The leachate is rainwater that penetrates into the landfill and comes into contact with landfill waste, and is leached from the water contained in the waste.

廃棄物最終処分場は、人類の営みより発生した廃棄物を埋立てにより大地へ還元する施設で、廃棄物をそのまま埋立てたのでは、廃棄物に含まれている有害物質などが土中へ拡散して環境破壊が生じる懸念があるため、遮水シートを敷設して漏水を防ぐ方法等が取られる。   The final waste disposal site is a facility that returns waste generated by human activities to the ground by landfill. If the waste is landfilled as it is, harmful substances contained in the waste will be put into the soil. Since there is a concern that the environment may be destroyed by diffusion, a method of preventing water leakage by laying a water shielding sheet is taken.

また、このような埋立処分場では雨水等の浸透水や浸出水を処理する必要があるが、かかる排水処理は、処分場の底部に浸出排水管などの集水配管を設けて処分場外へ導いて行なわれ、かかる排水処理の一例を図８に示すと、図中１は廃棄物処分場としての埋立地で、ここからの雨水浸透水・浸出水を集水配管で集水槽２へ導入し、該集水槽２ではレベルセンサーが設けられ、一定のレベル以上になると設置したポンプにより自動的に流量調整槽３へポンプアップされる。   In addition, it is necessary to treat infiltrated water such as rainwater and leachate at such landfill disposal sites, and such wastewater treatment is guided to the outside of the disposal site by installing water collection pipes such as leachate drainage pipes at the bottom of the disposal site. An example of such wastewater treatment is shown in FIG. 8. In FIG. 8, 1 is a landfill site as a waste disposal site, and rainwater permeated water and leachate from here are introduced into the water collecting tank 2 through a water collecting pipe. The water collecting tank 2 is provided with a level sensor, and when it reaches a certain level, it is automatically pumped up to the flow rate adjusting tank 3 by the installed pump.

この流量調整槽３から沈砂槽等の沈殿槽へ導かれて一次処理凝集沈殿処理槽４での処理が行なわれ、さらに一次処理された排水は化学処理槽として、接触曝気生物学的硝化脱窒と凝集沈殿を合わせて行なう二次処理脱硝凝集沈殿槽５で化学的処理が行なわれる。前記埋立地１からの導入排水が、ＢＯＤ250ppm、ＳＳ250ppm、ＣＯＤ250ppm、ＴＮ250ppm、ｐｈ8〜10であるとして、この二次処理脱硝凝集沈殿処理５が行なわれた後では、ＢＯＤは250ppm→20ppmとなり92％の処理がなされ、ＴＮは100ppm→10ppmとなり90％が除去される。   The flow control tank 3 is guided to a sedimentation tank such as a sand settling tank, and the primary treatment coagulation sedimentation treatment tank 4 is treated. The primary treated wastewater is used as a chemical treatment tank as a contact aeration biological nitrification denitrification. The chemical treatment is performed in the secondary treatment denitration and aggregation sedimentation tank 5 which is combined with the aggregation and precipitation. Assuming that the wastewater introduced from the landfill 1 is BOD 250 ppm, SS 250 ppm, COD 250 ppm, TN 250 ppm, and ph 8 to 10, after this secondary treatment denitration coagulation sedimentation treatment 5 is performed, the BOD will be 250 ppm → 20 ppm and 92% As a result, TN is changed from 100 ppm to 10 ppm, and 90% is removed.

二次処理された排水は中和槽６へ送られ、中和剤により中和処理される。中和処理された後、揚水槽７または貯留槽に一旦貯められ、流量調整しながら濾過装置８へ送られ、ここで濾過剤を通し微量の浮遊物質を取り除く処理を行なう。ＳＳは30ppm→6ppmとなり80％が除去される。   The waste water subjected to the secondary treatment is sent to the neutralization tank 6 and neutralized by the neutralizing agent. After being neutralized, the water is once stored in the pumping tank 7 or the storage tank, and sent to the filtration device 8 while adjusting the flow rate, where the filter agent is passed through to remove a trace amount of suspended solids. SS is changed from 30ppm to 6ppm, and 80% is removed.

濾過装置８を通過した濾過水は活性吸着装置９へ送られ、ここで各種有機化合物質が吸着除去される。ＢＯＤは10ppm以下、ＳＳは10ppm以下、ＣＯＤは10ppm以下、ＴＮは10ppm以下となる。活性吸着された排水は逆洗槽１０へ送り、次に殺菌槽１１で殺菌剤を注入し、消毒され、大腸菌群3,000以下／１cm3となる。以上が処理の概要であり、処理水は一般的には放流を行なっている。 The filtered water that has passed through the filtration device 8 is sent to the active adsorption device 9, where various organic compound substances are adsorbed and removed. BOD is 10 ppm or less, SS is 10 ppm or less, COD is 10 ppm or less, and TN is 10 ppm or less. The activated adsorbed waste water is sent to the backwashing tank 10 and then sterilized by injecting a sterilizing agent in the sterilizing tank 11 so that the coliform group is 3,000 or less / 1 cm 3 . The above is the outline of the treatment, and the treated water is generally discharged.

なお、一次処理凝集沈殿処理槽４や二次処理脱硝凝集沈殿槽５での沈殿槽からの余剰汚泥は汚泥濃縮槽１３および汚泥貯留槽１４へ送り、さらに濃縮汚泥を脱水機１５に送り脱水処理を行い、脱水ケーキホッパー１６を介して取り出して埋立地へ戻す。   The excess sludge from the settling tanks in the primary treatment coagulation sedimentation treatment tank 4 and the secondary treatment denitration coagulation sedimentation tank 5 is sent to the sludge concentration tank 13 and the sludge storage tank 14, and the concentrated sludge is further sent to the dehydrator 15 for dehydration treatment. And take out through the dehydrated cake hopper 16 and return to the landfill.

以上は産業廃棄物処理を対象とした排水処理であるが、このような処理の他に、廃棄物最終処分場の排水処理としては図９〜図１１に示すような処理もある。図９は不燃ごみを主体とする場合、図１０は焼却残灰を主体とする場合、図１１は焼却残査及び不燃ごみ主体の場合である。これらの詳細説明は省略するが、接触ばっき槽は前記二次処理脱硝凝集沈殿槽５などの化学処理に替えて生物処理を行なう生物処理槽である。   The above is the waste water treatment for industrial waste treatment, but in addition to such treatment, waste water treatment at the waste final disposal site includes treatment as shown in FIGS. FIG. 9 shows the case of mainly incombustible waste, FIG. 10 shows the case of mainly incineration residue ash, and FIG. 11 shows the case of incineration residue and incombustible waste. Although a detailed description thereof is omitted, the contact plating tank is a biological treatment tank that performs a biological treatment instead of the chemical treatment such as the secondary treatment denitration aggregation and precipitation tank 5.

以上が現在行なわれている処理の概要であり、処理水は放流される。しかし、このような処理でも回収または除去できない成分として塩化合物等の残査物質があることが想定され、放流すると例えば稲の根等に溜まり、稲が根腐れしたりするような事態を生じる。   The above is the outline of the treatment currently being performed, and the treated water is discharged. However, it is assumed that there is a residual substance such as a salt compound as a component that cannot be recovered or removed even by such treatment, and when released, for example, it accumulates in the roots of rice and the like causes a situation where the rice rots.

そこで、発明者は放流していた処理後の排水をさらに処理して、塩化合物その他の有害物質を回収することで、複雑な処理や高価な設備を経なくとも二次公害を完全に防ぐことができるものとして、先に下記特許文献の特許を取得した。   Therefore, the inventor further treats the wastewater after treatment and collects salt compounds and other harmful substances to completely prevent secondary pollution without complicated treatment and expensive equipment. The patent of the following patent document was acquired previously as what can do.

特許第２９９９７４８号（水処理方法および施設）Patent No. 2999748 (water treatment method and facility) 特許第３５０１７０２号（廃棄物処分場からの排水処理方法）Patent No. 3501702 (Wastewater treatment method from waste disposal site)

特許文献１は、これを図１２に示すが、通常行われる水処理を施した後の放流可能とされる排水を熱交換器で加熱してから蒸発装置で冷却気化させ、水分のみを蒸発させてからドレン濃縮槽へ送り、さらに、濃縮させた排水を熱交換器に送り、水分のみ蒸発を行なって残査物質として回収するものであり、二次公害を完全に防ぐことができるものである。   In Patent Document 1, this is shown in FIG. 12, but the wastewater that can be discharged after the water treatment that is normally performed is heated by a heat exchanger and then cooled and vaporized by an evaporation device to evaporate only moisture. After that, it is sent to the drain concentration tank, and then the concentrated waste water is sent to the heat exchanger, where only the water is evaporated and recovered as a residue substance, and secondary pollution can be completely prevented. .

通常行なう水処理に使用するものとして、埋立地１からの雨水浸透水・浸出水を導入する集水槽２の他に、流量調整槽３、一次処理凝集沈殿処理槽４、二次処理脱硝凝集沈殿槽５、中和槽６、揚水槽７、濾過装置８、活性吸着装置９、逆洗槽１０、殺菌槽１１等を備える。図中１２は殺菌槽１１での放流可能とされる排水を導く処理水槽であり、１７,２２は熱交換器である。   In addition to the water collection tank 2 that introduces rainwater permeated water and leachate from the landfill 1, the flow control tank 3, the primary treatment coagulation sedimentation treatment tank 4, the secondary treatment denitration coagulation sedimentation are used for water treatment that is normally performed. A tank 5, a neutralization tank 6, a pumping tank 7, a filtration device 8, an active adsorption device 9, a backwash tank 10, a sterilization tank 11 and the like are provided. In the figure, reference numeral 12 denotes a treated water tank that guides drainage that can be discharged in the sterilization tank 11, and reference numerals 17 and 22 denote heat exchangers.

図中、１９は蓄熱温水槽、２０は蒸発装置で、蓄熱温水槽１９へは前記熱交換器１７からの加温された排水が導入され、蒸発装置２０は蓄熱温水槽１９からの温水を冷却気化させ、水分のみを蒸発させる。ドレン濃縮槽２１は、蒸発装置２０からの水分を蒸発した後の濃縮排水を導入するもので、これを熱交換器２２へと送る。   In the figure, 19 is a heat storage hot water tank, 20 is an evaporator, and the waste water heated from the heat exchanger 17 is introduced into the heat storage hot water tank 19, and the evaporator 20 cools the hot water from the heat storage hot water tank 19. Vaporize and evaporate only moisture. The drain concentrating tank 21 introduces concentrated drainage after the water from the evaporator 20 is evaporated, and sends this to the heat exchanger 22.

水処理方法としては、埋立地１からの雨水浸透水・浸出水を集水配管で集水槽２へ導入し、ポンプにより自動的に流量調整槽３へポンプアップし、この流量調整槽３から一次処理凝集沈殿処理が行なわれ、さらに二次処理脱硝凝集沈殿を行なう。二次処理された排水は中和槽６へ送られ、中和処理されたのち揚水槽７または貯留槽に一端貯められ、流量調整しながら濾過装置８へ送られ、ここで濾過剤を通した濾過水は活性吸着装置９へ送られ、ここで各種有機化合物質が吸着除去され、活性吸着された排水は逆洗槽１０へ送り、次に殺菌槽１１で殺菌剤を注入し、消毒される。   As a water treatment method, rainwater infiltrated water / leached water from landfill 1 is introduced into water collecting tank 2 through a water collecting pipe, and is automatically pumped up to flow regulating tank 3 by a pump. Treatment coagulation sedimentation processing is performed, and further, secondary treatment denitration aggregation precipitation is performed. The secondary treated wastewater is sent to the neutralization tank 6, neutralized and then stored in the pumping tank 7 or the storage tank, and sent to the filtration device 8 while adjusting the flow rate. The filtered water is sent to the active adsorption device 9, where various organic compound substances are adsorbed and removed, and the activated adsorbed waste water is sent to the backwash tank 10, and then sterilized by injecting a bactericidal agent in the sterilizing tank 11. .

このように処理され、放流可能とされる排水された水を処理水槽１２に貯め、該処理水槽１２から熱交換器１７へ導入して加熱して温水とする。加温された排水は蓄熱温水槽１９へ送られ、さらにここから蒸発装置２０に送られここで冷却気化され、水分のみが蒸発させられてからドレン濃縮槽２１へ送られる。蓄熱温水槽１９から蒸発装置２０への排水は例えば３７℃程度とすると蒸発装置２０では３５℃程度の約５℃程度冷却され、気化される。   The drained water that has been treated in this way and can be discharged is stored in the treated water tank 12, introduced into the heat exchanger 17 from the treated water tank 12, and heated to make warm water. The heated waste water is sent to the heat storage hot water tank 19, further sent from here to the evaporation device 20, where it is cooled and vaporized, and after only the water is evaporated, it is sent to the drain concentration tank 21. If the drainage from the heat storage hot water tank 19 to the evaporator 20 is about 37 ° C., for example, the evaporator 20 is cooled and vaporized by about 5 ° C., about 35 ° C.

ドレン濃縮槽２１での濃縮させた排水は再度加熱するため熱交換器２２に送られ、水分のみ蒸発されて残査物質として塩回収２３がされ、廃棄物としてもとの処理場または他の処理場へ送られる。   The waste water concentrated in the drain concentrating tank 21 is sent to the heat exchanger 22 to be heated again, and only the water is evaporated to recover the salt 23 as a residual substance, and the waste is returned to the original treatment plant or other treatment. Sent to the venue.

なお、公害防止のために、前記燃焼炉１８の排気ダクトは排煙洗浄装置２４へ燃焼排気ガスを導入し、さらにこの排煙洗浄装置２４から排気塔２５に導入されて大気に排気される。燃焼炉１８での燃焼排気ガスは排煙洗浄装置２４でＨｃｌ、ＳＯＸ、ＮＯＸ、ダイオキシン等の有害物質を出さないよう処理が行われて大気に放出される。   In order to prevent pollution, the exhaust duct of the combustion furnace 18 introduces combustion exhaust gas into the flue gas cleaning device 24, which is further introduced into the exhaust tower 25 and exhausted to the atmosphere. The combustion exhaust gas in the combustion furnace 18 is processed by the flue gas cleaning device 24 so as not to emit harmful substances such as Hcl, SOX, NOX, dioxin, etc., and is released to the atmosphere.

濾過槽２６は脱臭装置更新液、排煙洗浄更新液、濾過装置逆流排水等の各種浮遊物質等濾過除去するものである。なお、この濾過槽２６の残査物質は元の埋め立て地へ戻す。   The filtration tank 26 filters and removes various suspended substances such as deodorizing device renewal liquid, flue gas cleaning renewal liquid, and filtration device backflow drainage. The residual substance in the filtration tank 26 is returned to the original landfill.

特許文献２は、前記特許文献１の下記不都合を解消し、従来、放流していた処理後の排水をさらに処理して、塩化合物その他の有害物質を回収することで、複雑な処理や高価な設備を経なくとも二次公害を完全に防ぐことができるものであり、しかも、装置数を少なくして、処理時間も短縮できるものである。   Patent Document 2 solves the following inconveniences of Patent Document 1, and further treats wastewater after treatment that has been discharged to recover salt compounds and other harmful substances, thereby making complicated treatments and expensive treatments. Secondary pollution can be completely prevented without going through equipment, and the number of devices can be reduced and the processing time can be shortened.

これは、図１３に示すように、放流可能とされる排水された水を処理水槽１２に貯め、該処理水槽１２から焼却炉２７内に廃液噴霧ノズルで噴霧する。このようにして高温噴霧中に排水を微細な霧状にスプレーし、蒸発させる。   As shown in FIG. 13, the drained water that can be discharged is stored in the treated water tank 12 and sprayed from the treated water tank 12 into the incinerator 27 by the waste liquid spray nozzle. In this way, the waste water is sprayed into a fine mist during high-temperature spraying and evaporated.

焼却炉２７の冷却回収缶の排ガス出口には排煙洗浄装置２４を連結してこの排煙洗浄装置２４へ燃焼排気ガスを導入し、さらにこの排煙洗浄装置２４から排気塔２５に導入されて大気に排気される。燃焼炉１８での燃焼排気ガスは排煙洗浄装置２４でＨｃｌ、ＳＯＸ、ＮＯＸ、ダイオキシン等の有害物質を出さないよう処理が行われて大気に放出される。   A flue gas cleaning device 24 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the cooling recovery can of the incinerator 27 to introduce combustion exhaust gas into the flue gas cleaning device 24, and from the flue gas cleaning device 24 to the exhaust tower 25. Exhausted to the atmosphere. The combustion exhaust gas in the combustion furnace 18 is processed by the flue gas cleaning device 24 so as not to emit harmful substances such as Hcl, SOX, NOX, dioxin, etc., and is released to the atmosphere.

また、一次処理凝集沈殿処理槽４や二次処理脱硝凝集沈殿処理槽５での沈殿槽からの余剰汚泥は汚泥濃縮槽１３および汚泥貯留槽１４へ送り、さらに濃縮汚泥を脱水機１５に送り脱水処理を行い、脱水ケーキホッパー１６を介して取り出して埋立地へ戻す。   Further, surplus sludge from the settling tanks in the primary treatment coagulation sedimentation treatment tank 4 and the secondary treatment denitration coagulation sedimentation treatment tank 5 is sent to the sludge concentration tank 13 and the sludge storage tank 14, and the concentrated sludge is further sent to the dehydrator 15 for dehydration. Processing is performed, and the dehydrated cake hopper 16 is taken out and returned to the landfill.

さらに、脱臭装置２８を設け、ここに集水槽２、流量調整槽３、一次処理凝集沈殿処理槽４、二次処理脱硝凝集沈殿処理槽５の各々の臭気をここに導入し、ここからの廃棄物は脱臭装置更新液、排煙洗浄更新液、濾過装置逆流排水等の各種浮遊物質等濾過除去する濾過槽２６を経て流量調整槽３へと戻す。   Further, a deodorizing device 28 is provided, and the odors of the water collecting tank 2, the flow rate adjusting tank 3, the primary treatment coagulation sedimentation treatment tank 4, and the secondary treatment denitration coagulation sedimentation treatment tank 5 are introduced here, and discarded from here. A thing returns to the flow control tank 3 through the filtration tank 26 which filters and removes various floating substances, such as a deodorizing apparatus renewal liquid, smoke cleaning renewal liquid, and a filtration apparatus backflow drainage.

前記特許文献２は、前記のごとく、放流可能とされる排水された水を処理水槽に貯め、これを焼却炉内に廃液噴霧ノズルで微細な霧状にスプレーし、蒸発させるものであり、処理に時間がかかり、効率的な面で問題がある。   As described above, Patent Document 2 stores drained water that can be discharged in a treated water tank, sprays it into a fine mist with a waste liquid spray nozzle in an incinerator, and evaporates it. Takes time, and there is a problem in terms of efficiency.

本発明の目的は前記従来例の不都合を解消し、効率的な処理が可能なものであり、しかも減圧下での処理となるので使用燃料も灯油の使用が可能であり、排気ガス量の削減等環境への配慮も実現願可能なごみ浸出水処理システムを提供することにある。   The object of the present invention is to eliminate the inconveniences of the conventional example, and to enable efficient processing, and since processing is performed under reduced pressure, the fuel used can be kerosene and the amount of exhaust gas can be reduced. It is to provide a waste leachate treatment system that can apply for environmental considerations.

本発明は前記目的を達成するため、廃棄物処分場からの排水に対して、ＢＯＤ成分を除去し、また、生物学的脱窒法により窒素成分を窒素ガスに変換して系外に排出する生物処理工程と、凝集沈殿、砂ろ過及び活性炭処理により、生物処理からの浮遊固形物、色度などのＣＯＤ成分を除去する高度処理工程とを経てから行なう脱塩処理工程において、該脱塩処理工程は、ヒートポンプ式の第一濃縮設備で減圧状態で得られる低濃縮液を、さらに、スプレー式の第二濃縮設備にかけて減圧状態で高濃縮液とし、この高濃縮液を間接加熱式の乾燥設備により水蒸気と固形塩分に分けることを要旨とするものである。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention removes the BOD component from the wastewater from the waste disposal site, and converts the nitrogen component into nitrogen gas by a biological denitrification method and discharges it outside the system. In the desalination treatment step performed after the treatment step and the advanced treatment step of removing COD components such as suspended solids and chromaticity from biological treatment by coagulation sedimentation, sand filtration and activated carbon treatment, the desalination treatment step The low-concentrated liquid obtained in the reduced pressure state by the heat pump type first concentrating equipment is further applied to the spray-type second concentrating equipment to make the highly concentrated liquid in the reduced pressure state, and this high-concentrated liquid is obtained by the indirect heating type drying equipment. The main point is to divide into water vapor and solid salinity.

請求項１記載の本発明によれば、通常放流されている処理後の排水を、水分を蒸発させることで処理するので、塩化合物その他の有害物質を放流することがなく、環境保全により貢献することができる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, the treated waste water that is normally discharged is treated by evaporating the water, so that salt compounds and other harmful substances are not discharged, contributing to environmental conservation. be able to.

また、脱塩処理工程は、第一濃縮設備で低濃縮液を得て、これをさらに第二濃縮設備にかけて高濃縮液としてから、乾燥設備により水蒸気と固形塩分に分けるものであり、濃縮させることで通常放流されている処理後の排水を大量に処理が可能となり、また、水蒸気にして大気中に放出するのも従来の、蒸発装置で冷却気化させての蒸発という２段回の工程を経ていたのを、乾燥設備により１工程で行なうことができる。   In the desalting process, a low-concentrated liquid is obtained in the first concentrating equipment, and this is further applied to the second concentrating equipment to make a high-concentrated liquid, and then is divided into water vapor and solid salt by the drying equipment. It is possible to treat a large amount of treated wastewater that is normally discharged in the process, and to release it into the atmosphere as steam through a two-stage process of evaporation by cooling and vaporizing with a conventional evaporator. This can be done in one step with a drying facility.

しかも、第一濃縮設備はヒートポンプ式であるので高効率に処理が可能であり、第二濃縮設備はスプレー式のものであるのでトラブルが少ないものである。また、間接加熱式の乾燥設備も伝熱面かきとり装置付きのものとすれば、高効率の乾燥処理が可能である。これに加えて、第一濃縮設備、第二濃縮設備のいずれも処理液は真空に保持された蒸発缶内に導入されて減圧状態での処理となるので、加熱手段としての蒸気も低温のものでよく、従来の重油・固形燃料に代えて灯油の使用が可能となる。   Moreover, since the first concentrating equipment is a heat pump type, it can be processed with high efficiency, and the second concentrating equipment is a spray type so that there are few troubles. If the indirect heating type drying equipment is also equipped with a heat transfer surface scraping device, highly efficient drying processing is possible. In addition to this, since the treatment liquid is introduced into an evaporator kept in a vacuum and processed in a reduced pressure state in both the first concentration facility and the second concentration facility, the steam as the heating means is also low in temperature. It is possible to use kerosene instead of conventional heavy oil / solid fuel.

以上述べたように本発明のごみ浸出水処理システムは、廃棄物処分場からの排水処理方法、従来、放流していた処理後の排水をさらに処理して、塩化合物その他の有害物質を回収することで、複雑な処理や高価な設備を経なくとも二次公害を完全に防ぐことができるものである。しかも、効率的な処理により、大量処理が可能で、処理時間も短縮でき、また、比較的低い温度での処理が可能なので重油・固形燃料の使用は止め、灯油を使用できるなど環境への配慮が実現できる。   As described above, the waste leachate treatment system of the present invention is a wastewater treatment method from a waste disposal site, and further treats wastewater after treatment that has been discharged to recover salt compounds and other harmful substances. Thus, secondary pollution can be completely prevented without complicated processing and expensive equipment. In addition, efficient processing enables mass processing, shortens processing time, and enables processing at a relatively low temperature, so the use of heavy oil and solid fuel is stopped, and kerosene can be used. Can be realized.

以下、図面について本発明の実施形態を詳細に説明する。図１は本発明のごみ浸出水処理システムの要部の説明図、図２はその前段階となる処理工程の説明図で、図中３１は廃棄物処分場としての最終処分場、３２は集水棟、３３は調整池である。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the main part of the waste leachate treatment system of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a treatment process that is the previous stage, in which 31 is a final disposal site as a waste disposal site, 32 is a collection site Water ridge 33 is a regulating pond.

最終処分場３１からの雨水浸透水・浸出水を処理する浸出水処理施設として、前処理設備３７、生物処理設備３８、高度処理設備３９を設ける。図中３６はこれらの設備の前段階として、浸出水αを貯める   As a leachate treatment facility for treating rainwater permeate / leached water from the final disposal site 31, a pretreatment facility 37, a biological treatment facility 38, and an advanced treatment facility 39 are provided. 36 in the figure stores leachate α as a pre-stage of these facilities.

なお、前記浸出水αには、浸出水処理設備３４からのプラント機器排水や洗車場３５の洗車排水なども含める。   The leachate α includes plant equipment drainage from the leachate treatment facility 34 and car wash drainage of the car wash 35.

前記前処理設備３７は、反応槽４０、混和槽４１、凝集槽４２、凝集沈殿槽４３、中和槽４４からなる。   The pretreatment facility 37 includes a reaction tank 40, a mixing tank 41, a coagulation tank 42, a coagulation sedimentation tank 43, and a neutralization tank 44.

生物処理設備３８は、昇温槽４５、ＢＯＤ酸化槽４６、硝化槽４７、脱窒槽４８、再曝気槽４９、中継槽５０からなり、生物処理により、ＢＯＤ成分を除去し、また、窒素成分を、生物学的脱窒法により、窒素ガスに変換して系外に排出するものである。図中５１は曝気ブロアである。   The biological treatment equipment 38 includes a temperature raising tank 45, a BOD oxidation tank 46, a nitrification tank 47, a denitrification tank 48, a re-aeration tank 49, and a relay tank 50, and removes the BOD component by biological treatment and removes the nitrogen component. It is converted into nitrogen gas by a biological denitrification method and discharged out of the system. In the figure, 51 is an aeration blower.

高度処理設備３９は、前記前処理設備３７と同じく、反応槽４０、混和槽４１、凝集槽４２、凝集沈殿槽４３、中和槽４４を備えるほかに、ろ過原水槽５２、砂ろ過塔５３、活性炭吸着塔５４、脱塩原水槽５６を備え、凝集沈殿、砂ろ過及び活性炭処理により、前記生物処理設備３８からの浮遊固形物、色度などのＣＯＤ成分を除去する。   The advanced treatment equipment 39 is provided with a reaction tank 40, a mixing tank 41, a coagulation tank 42, a coagulation sedimentation tank 43, and a neutralization tank 44, as well as the pretreatment equipment 37, as well as a raw filtration water tank 52, a sand filtration tower 53, An activated carbon adsorption tower 54 and a desalting raw water tank 56 are provided, and COD components such as suspended solids and chromaticity from the biological treatment facility 38 are removed by coagulation sedimentation, sand filtration and activated carbon treatment.

凝集沈殿を行なう設備中で、凝集沈殿槽４３での沈殿物は、汚泥濃縮槽５７に集め、さらに、汚泥貯留槽５８を経て脱水機５９にかけ、脱水ケーキγとして排出する。図中６０は脱水機５９からの脱水ケーキγを積み込むためのケーキホッパーである。この脱水ケーキγは、埋立時は埋立地に戻し、埋立完了後は、県の許可を受けた収集業者に回収を委託し、適正に処理する。   In the equipment for performing the coagulation sedimentation, the sediment in the coagulation sedimentation tank 43 is collected in the sludge concentration tank 57, further passed through the sludge storage tank 58, passed through the dehydrator 59, and discharged as a dewatered cake γ. In the figure, reference numeral 60 denotes a cake hopper for loading the dehydrated cake γ from the dehydrator 59. This dehydrated cake γ is returned to the landfill at the time of landfill, and after landfill is completed, collection is entrusted to a collection company that has received permission from the prefecture, and it is properly processed.

なお、これは一例であり、浸出水の処理としては、前記従来例で示した図９〜図１３に示すような処理やその他の処理もある。いずれの場合も、調整槽による水量調整工程、生物処理槽か化学処理槽による生物処理工程か、化学処理工程、濾過槽または濾過装置による濾過工程を適宜組み合わせて行なう。   This is only an example, and the leachate treatment includes the treatment shown in FIGS. 9 to 13 and other treatments shown in the conventional example. In any case, the water amount adjustment step by the adjustment tank, the biological treatment step by the biological treatment tank or the chemical treatment tank, the chemical treatment step, the filtration step by the filtration tank or the filtration device are appropriately combined.

本発明は、埋立地内からの浸出水および搬入車両洗車施設からの洗浄水は、前記のごとく、浸出水処理施設により処理した後、浸出水蒸発散施設により、全量を蒸発させ、外部に一切放出しないものである。   According to the present invention, the leachate from the landfill site and the wash water from the carry-in vehicle car wash facility are treated by the leachate treatment facility as described above, and then the entire amount is evaporated by the leachate evapotranspiration facility and released to the outside. It is something that does not.

浸出水処理水βの処理施設として、図３にも示すように、第一濃縮設備６１、第二濃縮設備６３、乾燥設備６５、燃料設備７２、蒸発設備６８からなり、浸出水処理水βを蒸気δと残渣物εに分けるものである。   As shown in FIG. 3, the leachate treated water β treatment facility includes a first concentrating facility 61, a second concentrating facility 63, a drying facility 65, a fuel facility 72, and an evaporation facility 68. It is divided into steam δ and residue ε.

第一濃縮設備６１にはヒートポンプ６２ａを備えたヒートポンプ式の濃縮装置６２を使用した。その詳細を図４に示す。   A heat pump type concentrator 62 equipped with a heat pump 62a was used for the first concentrator 61. The details are shown in FIG.

処理液は真空に保持された蒸発缶内に導入され、蒸発缶内の循環液とともに循環ポンプにて蒸発缶上部より加熱管に散布され、加熱管表面で薄膜蒸発する。   The processing liquid is introduced into an evaporator maintained in a vacuum, and is sprayed together with the circulating liquid in the evaporator from the upper part of the evaporator by a circulation pump to the heating tube, and the thin film is evaporated on the surface of the heating tube.

加熱管表面で蒸発した蒸気は、ヒートポンプ６２ａで圧縮され、温度上昇し、この温度上昇した蒸気は加熱管内側に導かれ、加熱管外側に散布された循環液を蒸発させると同時に凝縮し、凝縮水となり凝縮水ポンプにより系外へ排出する。   The vapor evaporated on the surface of the heating tube is compressed by the heat pump 62a, and the temperature rises. The vapor having the increased temperature is led to the inside of the heating tube, and the circulating liquid sprayed to the outside of the heating tube evaporates and condenses. It becomes water and is discharged out of the system by a condensate pump.

以上のプロセスを繰り返すことにより、循環液は濃縮され、循環ポンプ出口から濃縮液として系外へ排出する。   By repeating the above process, the circulating liquid is concentrated and discharged out of the system as a concentrated liquid from the outlet of the circulating pump.

第二濃縮設備６３には、スプレー式の濃縮装置６４を使用した。その詳細を図５に示す。   As the second concentration facility 63, a spray type concentration device 64 was used. The details are shown in FIG.

スプレー式の濃縮装置６４は、フラッシュ缶６４ｅにヒーター６４ａとコンデンサー６４ｂを備えたものであり、処理液（原液）は真空に保持された蒸発缶内に導入され、循環液はヒーター６４ａで昇温され、フラッシュ缶６４ｅの上部からスプレーされる。   The spray-type concentrator 64 includes a flash can 64e provided with a heater 64a and a condenser 64b. A processing liquid (stock solution) is introduced into an evaporator maintained in a vacuum, and a circulating liquid is heated by the heater 64a. And sprayed from the top of the flash can 64e.

フラッシュ缶６４ｄは真空に保持されているため、スプレーされた循環液はフラッシュ蒸発し、フラッシュ缶６４ｄで蒸発した蒸気の一部は、エゼクター６４ｃに吸引され、エゼクター６４ｃの駆動蒸気とともにヒーターにて循環液の加熱源として利用され、残りはコンデンサー６４ｂで凝縮され、凝縮水となり、凝縮水ポンプにより系外に排出される。濃縮液は、循環ポンプ出口から濃縮液として系外に排出される。   Since the flash can 64d is maintained in a vacuum, the sprayed circulating liquid is flash-evaporated, and a part of the vapor evaporated by the flash can 64d is sucked into the ejector 64c and circulated in the heater together with the drive steam of the ejector 64c. It is used as a liquid heating source, and the remainder is condensed by a condenser 64b to become condensed water, which is discharged out of the system by a condensed water pump. The concentrate is discharged out of the system as a concentrate from the circulation pump outlet.

乾燥設備６５は間接加熱式の乾燥設備で、一例として、多段式蒸発乾燥機６６を使用する。その詳細を図６、図７に示す。   The drying facility 65 is an indirect heating type drying facility, and uses a multistage evaporation dryer 66 as an example. The details are shown in FIGS.

上に攪拌移送するためのレーキ・チェーン６６ｂを設けた蒸気管で円形に構成されたトレイ６６ａを多段に設けたものであり、処理液はフィードポンプにより定量的に最上段より投入され、伝熱面のトレイ６６ａをレーキ・チェーン６６ｂで攪拌されながら、約１周することにより効率よく昇温・蒸発をしながら次段へと降下する。   A tray 66a configured in a circular shape with a steam pipe provided with a rake chain 66b for stirring and transferring above is provided in multiple stages, and the processing liquid is quantitatively introduced from the uppermost stage by a feed pump, and heat transfer While the surface tray 66a is being stirred by the rake chain 66b, it is lowered to the next stage while efficiently heating and evaporating by making one round.

次段では同じプロセスにより昇温の完了した処理液は、一層蒸発が促進され下段に導かれ、最下段では蒸発が終わり、乾燥固形物として固形塩分が出口より排出される。   In the next stage, the treatment liquid whose temperature has been completed by the same process is further promoted to evaporate and guided to the lower stage, and in the lowermost stage, the evaporation is completed and the solid salt is discharged from the outlet as a dry solid.

燃料設備７２は、灯油地下タンク７３、ボイラー７４よりなり、前記第一濃縮設備６１、第二濃縮設備６３、乾燥設備６５、及び後述の蒸発設備６８に蒸気を供給する。   The fuel facility 72 includes a kerosene underground tank 73 and a boiler 74, and supplies steam to the first enrichment facility 61, the second enrichment facility 63, the drying facility 65, and an evaporation facility 68 described later.

蒸発設備６８は、第一濃縮設備６１、第二濃縮設備６３から発生する処理水の凝縮水（蒸留水）を蒸発させるもので、凝縮水槽７０からの処理水および燃料設備７３からのボイラー蒸気を蒸発させるものとしてクーリングタワー７１を用いた。図中６９は蒸発用ヒーターである。   The evaporation facility 68 evaporates the condensed water (distilled water) of the treated water generated from the first concentrating facility 61 and the second concentrating facility 63, and the treated water from the condensed water tank 70 and the boiler steam from the fuel facility 73. The cooling tower 71 was used as what is evaporated. In the figure, 69 is an evaporation heater.

前記第一濃縮設備６１では、浸出水処理施設で処理された浸出水処理水βを約１０倍まで濃縮脱塩し、第二濃縮設備６３は第一濃縮設備６１での濃縮液をさらに、真空に保持された蒸発缶で約２倍濃縮する。   In the first concentration facility 61, the leachate treated water β treated in the leachate treatment facility is concentrated and desalted to about 10 times, and the second concentration facility 63 further vacuums the concentrate in the first concentration facility 61. Concentrate about 2 times with an evaporator kept in the tank.

乾燥設備６５は前記２０倍まで濃縮した浸出水を乾燥固形化する。   The drying facility 65 dries and solidifies the leachate concentrated up to 20 times.

このような蒸発散処理工程で回収される残渣物（塩類）εは、防水性フレコン６７に収納し、事業地内（屋外）に保存してリサイクルによる有効利用を図り、残渣物（塩等）εを場外に搬出しないことにより、環境保全に配慮するものとする。   Residues (salts) ε recovered in such an evapotranspiration treatment process are stored in the waterproof flexible container 67 and stored in the business area (outdoors) for effective use by recycling. Residues (salts, etc.) ε Considering environmental conservation by not taking out

リサイクルによる有効利用法としては、ソーダ工業の原料など、工業塩としての利用が検討される。   As an effective utilization method by recycling, utilization as industrial salt such as raw materials of soda industry is considered.

蒸発設備６８より発生する蒸気凝縮水（蒸留水）は、一部ボイラー用水等で場内再利用するが、最終的にはクーリングタワー７１で全量蒸発させる。   Steam condensate (distilled water) generated from the evaporation facility 68 is partially reused in the field by boiler water or the like, but is finally evaporated by the cooling tower 71.

本発明のごみ浸出水処理システムの１実施形態を示す要部の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the principal part which shows one Embodiment of the waste leachate treatment system of this invention. 本発明のごみ浸出水処理システムの１実施形態を示す前段階となる処理工程の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the process process used as the previous step which shows one Embodiment of the waste leachable water processing system of this invention. 本発明のごみ浸出水処理システムの概略ブロック図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the waste leachate treatment system of the present invention. 第一濃縮設備の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of a 1st concentration installation. 第二濃縮設備の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of a 2nd concentration equipment. 乾燥設備の縦断側面図である。It is a vertical side view of drying equipment. 図６のA−A線矢視図である。It is an AA arrow directional view of FIG. 第１の従来例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows a 1st prior art example. 第２の従来例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a 2nd prior art example. 第３の従来例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a 3rd prior art example. 第４の従来例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a 4th prior art example. 第５の従来例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a 5th prior art example. 第６の従来例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows a 6th prior art example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…埋立地 ２…集水槽
３…流量調整槽 ４…一次処理凝集沈殿処理槽
５…二次処理脱硝凝集沈殿槽 ６…中和槽
７…揚水槽 ８…濾過装置
９…活性吸着装置 １０…逆洗槽
１１…殺菌槽
１２…処理水槽 １３…汚泥濃縮槽
１４…汚泥貯留槽 １５…脱水機
１６…脱水ケーキホッパー １７…熱交換器
１８…燃焼炉 １９…蓄熱温水槽
２０…蒸発装置 ２１…ドレン濃縮槽
２２…熱交換器 ２３…塩回収
２４…排煙洗浄装置 ２５…排気塔
２６…濾過槽 ２７…焼却炉
２８…脱臭装置 ２９…焼却残査
３０…廃棄物 ３１…最終処分場
３２…集水棟 ３３…調整池
３４…浸出水処理設備 ３５…洗車場
３７…前処理設備 ３８…生物処理設備
３９…高度処理設備 ４０…反応槽
４１…混和槽 ４２…凝集槽
４３…凝集沈殿槽 ４４…中和槽
４５…昇温槽 ４６…ＢＯＤ酸化槽
４７…硝化槽 ４８…脱窒槽
４９…再曝気槽 ５０…中継槽
５１…曝気ブロア ５２…ろ過原水槽
５３…砂ろ過塔 ５４，５５…活性炭吸着塔
５６…脱塩原水槽 ５７…汚泥濃縮槽
５８…汚泥貯留槽 ５９…脱水機
６０…ケーキホッパー ６１…第一濃縮設備
６２…ヒートポンプ式の濃縮装置 ６２ａ…ヒートポンプ
６３…第二濃縮設備 ６４…スプレー式の濃縮装置
６４ａ…ヒーター ６４ｂ…コンデンサー
６４ｃ…エゼクター ６４ｅ…フラッシュ缶
６５…乾燥設備 ６６…多段式蒸発乾燥機
６６ａ…トレイ ６６ｂ…レーキ・チェーン
６７…防水性フレコン ６８…蒸発設備
６９…蒸発用ヒーター ７０…凝縮水槽
７１…クーリングタワー ７２…燃料設備
７３…灯油地下タンク ７４…ボイラー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Landfill 2 ... Catchment tank 3 ... Flow control tank 4 ... Primary treatment coagulation sedimentation treatment tank 5 ... Secondary treatment denitration coagulation sedimentation tank 6 ... Neutralization tank 7 ... Pumping tank 8 ... Filtration device 9 ... Active adsorption device 10 ... Backwash tank 11 ... Sterilization tank 12 ... Treated water tank 13 ... Sludge concentration tank 14 ... Sludge storage tank 15 ... Dehydrator 16 ... Dehydrated cake hopper 17 ... Heat exchanger 18 ... Combustion furnace 19 ... Thermal storage hot water tank 20 ... Evaporator 21 ... Drain concentration tank 22 ... heat exchanger 23 ... salt recovery 24 ... flue gas cleaning device 25 ... exhaust tower 26 ... filtration tank 27 ... incinerator 28 ... deodorization device 29 ... incineration residue 30 ... waste 31 ... final disposal site 32 ... Catchment building 33 ... Regulating pond 34 ... Leachate treatment equipment 35 ... Car wash station 37 ... Pretreatment equipment 38 ... Biological treatment equipment 39 ... Advanced treatment equipment 40 ... Reaction tank 41 ... Mixing tank 42 ... Coagulation tank 43 ... Coagulation sedimentation tank 44 ... Neutralization tank 45 ... Temperature raising tank 46 ... BOD oxidation tank 47 ... Nitrification tank 48 ... Denitrification tank 49 ... Re-aeration tank 50 ... Relay tank 51 ... Aeration blower 52 ... Filtration raw water tank 53 ... Sand filtration tower 54, 55 ... Activated carbon adsorption tower 56 ... Desalination raw water tank 57 ... Sludge concentration tank 58 ... Sludge storage tank 59 ... dehydrator 60 ... cake hopper 61 ... first concentration equipment 62 ... heat pump type concentrator 62a ... heat pump 63 ... second concentration equipment 64 ... spray type concentrator 64a ... heater 64b ... condenser 64c ... ejector 64e ... Flash can 65 ... Drying equipment 66 ... Multi-stage evaporation dryer 66a ... Tray 66b ... Rake chain 67 ... Waterproof flexible container 68 ... Evaporation equipment 69 ... Evaporation heater 70 ... Condensation water tank 71 ... Cooling tower 72 ... Fuel equipment 73 ... Keose oil Underground tank 74 ... Boiler

Claims (1)

廃棄物処分場からの排水に対して、ＢＯＤ成分を除去し、また、生物学的脱窒法により窒素成分を窒素ガスに変換して系外に排出する生物処理工程と、凝集沈殿、砂ろ過及び活性炭処理により、生物処理からの浮遊固形物、色度などのＣＯＤ成分を除去する高度処理工程とを経てから行なう脱塩処理工程において、該脱塩処理工程は、ヒートポンプ式の第一濃縮設備で減圧状態で得られる低濃縮液を、さらに、スプレー式の第二濃縮設備にかけて減圧状態で高濃縮液とし、この高濃縮液を間接加熱式の乾燥設備により水蒸気と固形塩分に分けることを特徴としたごみ浸出水処理システム。   A biological treatment process that removes BOD components from wastewater from a waste disposal site, converts nitrogen components into nitrogen gas by biological denitrification, and discharges them outside the system, coagulation sedimentation, sand filtration and In the desalination treatment step performed after the activated carbon treatment and the advanced treatment step of removing COD components such as suspended solids and chromaticity from the biological treatment, the desalination treatment step is performed by a heat pump type first concentration facility. The low-concentrated liquid obtained under reduced pressure is further applied to a spray-type second concentrating equipment to form a high-concentrated liquid under reduced pressure, and this high-concentrated liquid is separated into water vapor and solid salt by an indirect heating-type drying equipment. Waste leachate treatment system.
JP2006226711A 2006-08-23 2006-08-23 Waste leachate treatment system Expired - Fee Related JP4465336B2 (en)

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CN104478084B (en) * 2014-12-08 2016-02-17 天津城建大学 A kind of method improving winter low temperature saprobia denitrification denitrogenation
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