JP2008043902A - High-efficiency utilization method of biomass resources - Google Patents

High-efficiency utilization method of biomass resources Download PDF

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JP2008043902A
JP2008043902A JP2006223511A JP2006223511A JP2008043902A JP 2008043902 A JP2008043902 A JP 2008043902A JP 2006223511 A JP2006223511 A JP 2006223511A JP 2006223511 A JP2006223511 A JP 2006223511A JP 2008043902 A JP2008043902 A JP 2008043902A
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methane
methane gas
biomass
recovered
treatment
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Shigeto Inoue
繁人 井上
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Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd
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Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20Waste processing or separation

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-efficiency utilization method of biomass resources capable of realizing a high-efficiency utilization of biomass resources by making it possible to recover more amount of methane gas from a biomass, or the like. <P>SOLUTION: Methane gas yielded by methane-fermentation treating a biomass is recovered together with a methane yielded by hydrothermally treating a residue and a digestion liquid generated by the methane-fermentation treatment. Furthermore, a residue and a water solution except organic acids and oils among substances other than methane gas yielded by the hydrothermal treatment are recovered as carbides by carbonization treatment after drying them. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、バイオマス資源の高効率利用方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for efficiently using biomass resources.

バイオマス資源の利用方法して、有機性廃棄物などのバイオマスをメタン発酵処理し、得られたメタンガスを回収し、これを発電機燃料などとして用いることは、従来より行われている。
特開2001−276772号公報
As a method for utilizing biomass resources, it has been conventionally performed to perform biomass fermentation such as organic waste on methane fermentation, collect the obtained methane gas, and use it as a generator fuel or the like.
JP 2001-276772 A

しかしながら、バイオマスをメタン発酵処理して得られるメタンガスの量は一般的に言ってかなり少なく、そのため、メタン発酵の処理をするのみでは、バイオマス資源の利用方法としては効率の良い利用方法とはいえない。   However, the amount of methane gas obtained by methane fermentation treatment of biomass is generally quite small. Therefore, simply using methane fermentation treatment is not an efficient way to use biomass resources. .

また、メタン発酵処理によって得られる消化液等は、有効活用されることなく、薬剤の投入、汚泥処理等の処理後、捨てられていて、そのための処理コストがイニシャルコストとランニングコストを含めて高いものについてしまう。   In addition, the digestive juice obtained by methane fermentation treatment is discarded after the treatment of chemicals, sludge treatment, etc. without being effectively utilized, and the treatment cost for it is high including initial cost and running cost. I'll keep up with things.

本発明は、上記のような問題点に鑑み、バイオマスから、より多くのメタンガスを回収することができて、バイオマス資源の高効率な利用を実現することができる、バイオマス資源の高効率利用方法を提供することを課題とする。   In view of the problems as described above, the present invention provides a highly efficient method for using biomass resources, which can recover more methane gas from biomass and can realize highly efficient use of biomass resources. The issue is to provide.

上記の課題は、バイオマスをメタン発酵処理して得られるメタンガスを、該メタン発酵処理によって生じた残渣及び消化液を水熱処理して得られるメタンガスと併せて回収することを特徴とするバイオマス資源の高効率利用方法によって解決される。   The above-mentioned problem is to recover the methane gas obtained by subjecting biomass to methane fermentation treatment together with the methane gas obtained by hydrothermally treating the residue and digestive fluid produced by the methane fermentation treatment. It is solved by the efficient utilization method.

このシステムでは、バイオマスから、メタン発酵処理によって得られるメタンガスと、水熱処理によって得られるメタンガスの両方を回収するようにしているので、バイオマスから、より多くのメタンガスを回収することができ、バイオマス資源の高効率な利用を実現することができる。   In this system, both methane gas obtained by methane fermentation treatment and methane gas obtained by hydrothermal treatment are recovered from biomass, so that more methane gas can be recovered from biomass and biomass resources can be recovered. Highly efficient use can be realized.

上記の方法において、前記水熱処理でメタンガス以外に得られたもののうちの、有機酸と油を除く残渣及び水溶液を、乾燥後、炭化処理して炭化物にして回収するのもよい。   In the above method, the residue and aqueous solution excluding the organic acid and oil among those obtained other than methane gas by the hydrothermal treatment may be dried and then carbonized to be recovered as a carbide.

この場合は、水熱処理でメタンガス以外に得られたもののうちの、有機酸と油を除く残渣及び水溶液を、乾燥後、炭化処理して炭化物にして回収するようにしているので、その炭化物を様々な用途に有効利用することができて、バイオマス資源のより一層高効率な利用を実現することができ、水熱処理でメタンガス以外に得られたもののうちに、有機酸及び/又は油が含まれていれば、それを分別回収すれば、バイオマス資源の更に一層高効率な利用を実現することができる。   In this case, the residue and aqueous solution excluding organic acids and oils obtained by hydrothermal treatment other than methane gas are dried and carbonized to be recovered as carbides. It can be effectively used for various purposes, and can realize more efficient use of biomass resources. Among those obtained by hydrothermal treatment other than methane gas, organic acids and / or oils are included. If it is collected separately, it is possible to realize further efficient use of biomass resources.

本発明は、以上のとおりのものであるから、バイオマスから、より多くのメタンガスを回収することができ、バイオマス資源の高効率な利用を実現することができて、最終的な残渣を少なくする、あるいは、なくすことができて、無用な廃棄処理コストを抑えることができる。   Since the present invention is as described above, more methane gas can be recovered from biomass, high-efficiency utilization of biomass resources can be realized, and the final residue is reduced. Alternatively, it can be eliminated, and unnecessary disposal costs can be reduced.

次に、本発明の実施最良形態を図面に基づいて説明する。   Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本実施形態の方法では、図1に示すように、有機性廃棄物などのバイオマスを粉砕・破砕部10にて細かくした後、これをメタン発酵部1にて発酵温度25〜80°Cで加熱発酵し、得られたメタンガスをメタンガス回収部2に回収する。   In the method of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, biomass such as organic waste is finely pulverized and crushed in the crushing unit 10, and then heated at a fermentation temperature of 25 to 80 ° C. in the methane fermentation unit 1. The methane gas obtained by fermentation is recovered in the methane gas recovery unit 2.

次いで、上記のメタン発酵処理で生じた残渣及び消化液を水熱処理部3において水熱処理し、得られたメタンガスを上記のメタンガス回収部2に回収する。   Next, the residue and digested liquid produced in the above methane fermentation treatment are hydrothermally treated in the hydrothermal treatment unit 3, and the obtained methane gas is collected in the methane gas recovery unit 2.

また、上記の水熱処理でメタンガス以外に得られたもののうちに、有機酸や油が含まれている場合には、それを分別して回収する。油が回収できた場合には、その油は、バイオディーゼル燃料油などとして有効利用することができる。有機酸ももちろん活用可能である。   Moreover, when organic acids and oil are contained in what was obtained other than methane gas by said hydrothermal treatment, it is fractionated and collect | recovered. When the oil can be recovered, the oil can be effectively used as biodiesel fuel oil or the like. Of course, organic acids can also be used.

そして、メタンガス以外に得られたもののうち、有機酸と油を除く残渣及び水溶液については、これを、乾燥部4において、水熱処理部3からの排熱を利用して110°C以上に加熱して水分を除去し、得られた残渣を、炭化部5において非酸化性雰囲気下で320〜850°Cの温度で加熱して炭化処理し、得られた炭化物を回収する。回収された炭化物が様々なかたちでさまざまな用途に有効活用できることはいうまでもない。また、上記のように、乾燥部4における乾燥処理において、水熱処理部3からの排熱を利用することで、処理に要するエネルギーコストを低く抑えることができる。   In addition to the methane gas obtained, the residue and the aqueous solution excluding organic acids and oils are heated to 110 ° C. or higher in the drying unit 4 using the exhaust heat from the hydrothermal treatment unit 3. Then, the moisture is removed, and the obtained residue is carbonized by heating at a temperature of 320 to 850 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere in the carbonization part 5, and the resulting carbide is recovered. Needless to say, the recovered carbides can be effectively used in various forms for various purposes. Further, as described above, in the drying process in the drying unit 4, by using the exhaust heat from the hydrothermal treatment unit 3, the energy cost required for the process can be kept low.

この炭化処理でメタンや水素を主体とするエネルギーガスが生成される場合は、ガス改質部6において、それらを改質処理することで、燃料電池、ボイラ発電用燃料などに用いることができる。   When energy gas mainly composed of methane and hydrogen is generated by this carbonization treatment, the gas reforming unit 6 reforms them to use them as fuel cells, fuel for boiler power generation, and the like.

このように、上記の方法では、メタン発酵処理によって得られるメタンガスと、水熱処理によって得られるメタンガスの両方を回収するようにしているので、バイオマスから、より多くのメタンガスを回収することができ、バイオマス資源の高効率な利用を実現することができる。   Thus, in the above method, since both methane gas obtained by methane fermentation treatment and methane gas obtained by hydrothermal treatment are recovered, more methane gas can be recovered from biomass. Highly efficient use of resources can be realized.

しかも、上記の水熱処理においては、メタンガス以外に得られたもののうちの、有機酸と油を除く残渣及び水溶液を、乾燥後、炭化処理して炭化物にして回収するようにしているので、その炭化物を様々な用途に有効利用することができて、バイオマス資源のより一層高効率な利用を実現することができる。   In addition, in the hydrothermal treatment described above, the residue and aqueous solution excluding organic acids and oils other than those obtained in addition to methane gas are carbonized and recovered after drying, so that the carbides are recovered. Can be effectively used for various purposes, and more efficient use of biomass resources can be realized.

更に、水熱処理でメタンガス以外に得られたもののうちに、有機酸及び/又は油が含まれている場合には、それらを上記のように分別回収するようにしているので、バイオマス資源の更に一層高効率な利用を実現することができる。   Furthermore, in the case where organic acids and / or oils are contained in the hydrothermal treatment other than methane gas, they are separated and recovered as described above. Highly efficient use can be realized.

また、炭化処理でメタンや水素を主体とするエネルギーガスが生成される場合は、それを改質処理するようにしているので、得られたものを有効活用することができて、バイオマス資源の更に一層高効率な利用を実現することができる。   In addition, when energy gas mainly composed of methane and hydrogen is generated by carbonization, it is reformed, so that the obtained gas can be used effectively, and further biomass resources can be used. Even more efficient use can be realized.

実施形態の方法を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the method of embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…メタン発酵部
2…メタンガス回収部
3…水熱処理部
4…乾燥部
5…炭化部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Methane fermentation part 2 ... Methane gas recovery part 3 ... Hydrothermal treatment part 4 ... Drying part 5 ... Carbonization part

Claims (2)

バイオマスをメタン発酵処理して得られるメタンガスを、該メタン発酵処理によって生じた残渣及び消化液を水熱処理して得られるメタンガスと併せて回収することを特徴とするバイオマス資源の高効率利用方法。   A high-efficiency method for utilizing biomass resources, characterized in that methane gas obtained by subjecting biomass to methane fermentation is recovered together with methane gas obtained by hydrothermally treating the residue and digested liquid produced by the methane fermentation treatment. 前記水熱処理でメタンガス以外に得られたもののうちの、有機酸と油を除く残渣及び水溶液を、乾燥後、炭化処理して炭化物にして回収する請求項1に記載のバイオマス資源の高効率利用方法。   The method for highly efficient utilization of biomass resources according to claim 1, wherein the residue and the aqueous solution excluding organic acids and oils obtained by the hydrothermal treatment other than methane gas are carbonized and recovered after drying. .
JP2006223511A 2006-08-18 2006-08-18 High-efficiency utilization method of biomass resources Pending JP2008043902A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102211105A (en) * 2011-01-27 2011-10-12 中国科学院力学研究所 Household garbage preprocessing process used for plasma gasification generating
JP2012522629A (en) * 2009-04-01 2012-09-27 サンコール・インダストリーズ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング Hydrothermal carbonization of renewable raw materials and organic residues
WO2013008907A1 (en) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Highly-efficient methane fermentation of garbage using subcritical water treatment
CN103723899A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-16 杭州互惠环保科技有限公司 Sludge comprehensive treatment method based on anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization
JP2014511254A (en) * 2010-12-13 2014-05-15 エクソンモービル リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー Recovery of phosphorus from hydrothermal treatment of biomass
WO2018207927A1 (en) 2017-05-12 2018-11-15 征八郎 三浦 Method for treating wastewater and device for treating wastewater for same
JP2019176840A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-17 大和ハウス工業株式会社 Methane fermentation method
CN111978970A (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-11-24 北京科技大学 Method for preparing coking raw material by biomass hydrothermal carbonization treatment and application of method in coking production
CN112607996A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-06 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 Thermal hydrolysis advanced anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis carbonization coupling process

Citations (1)

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JP2005052692A (en) * 2003-08-04 2005-03-03 Kangen Yoyu Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Processing system and processing method for using biomass resource effectively

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005052692A (en) * 2003-08-04 2005-03-03 Kangen Yoyu Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk Processing system and processing method for using biomass resource effectively

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012522629A (en) * 2009-04-01 2012-09-27 サンコール・インダストリーズ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング Hydrothermal carbonization of renewable raw materials and organic residues
US9109180B2 (en) 2009-04-01 2015-08-18 Suncoal Industries Gmbh Method for the hydrothermal carbonization of renewable raw materials and organic residues
JP2014511254A (en) * 2010-12-13 2014-05-15 エクソンモービル リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー Recovery of phosphorus from hydrothermal treatment of biomass
CN102211105A (en) * 2011-01-27 2011-10-12 中国科学院力学研究所 Household garbage preprocessing process used for plasma gasification generating
WO2013008907A1 (en) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Highly-efficient methane fermentation of garbage using subcritical water treatment
CN103723899A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-16 杭州互惠环保科技有限公司 Sludge comprehensive treatment method based on anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization
CN103723899B (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-06-17 杭州互惠环保科技有限公司 Sludge comprehensive treatment method based on anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization
WO2018207927A1 (en) 2017-05-12 2018-11-15 征八郎 三浦 Method for treating wastewater and device for treating wastewater for same
JP2019176840A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-17 大和ハウス工業株式会社 Methane fermentation method
JP7164963B2 (en) 2018-03-30 2022-11-02 大和ハウス工業株式会社 Methane fermentation method
CN111978970A (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-11-24 北京科技大学 Method for preparing coking raw material by biomass hydrothermal carbonization treatment and application of method in coking production
CN112607996A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-06 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 Thermal hydrolysis advanced anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis carbonization coupling process

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