JP2007534583A - 水素製造装置 - Google Patents
水素製造装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007534583A JP2007534583A JP2006548282A JP2006548282A JP2007534583A JP 2007534583 A JP2007534583 A JP 2007534583A JP 2006548282 A JP2006548282 A JP 2006548282A JP 2006548282 A JP2006548282 A JP 2006548282A JP 2007534583 A JP2007534583 A JP 2007534583A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stage
- catalyst
- shift
- hollow body
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical group [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBJYYRBULROVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhenium Chemical compound [Re].[Pt] DBJYYRBULROVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020203 CeO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSNVGCNCRLAWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].N(=O)[Ru+2].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].N(=O)[Ru+2].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-] NSNVGCNCRLAWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical group [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QWDUNBOWGVRUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O QWDUNBOWGVRUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NFOHLBHARAZXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pt]O NFOHLBHARAZXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 steam Substances 0.000 description 1
- AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Chemical compound C1N(S2(=O)=O)CN3S(=O)(=O)N1CN2C3 AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0496—Heating or cooling the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
- B01J19/2485—Monolithic reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/656—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/6567—Rhenium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
- B01J29/20—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/22—Noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0403—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal
- B01J8/0423—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds
- B01J8/0426—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
- B01J8/0434—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other in combination with two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00504—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/0053—Controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00157—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00159—Controlling the temperature controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
- B01J37/0225—Coating of metal substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0246—Coatings comprising a zeolite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
- C01B2203/0288—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step containing two CO-shift steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
- C01B2203/0445—Selective methanation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
- C01B2203/0816—Heating by flames
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0872—Methods of cooling
- C01B2203/0888—Methods of cooling by evaporation of a fluid
- C01B2203/0894—Generation of steam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
- C01B2203/1029—Catalysts in the form of a foam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
- C01B2203/1294—Evaporation by heat exchange with hot process stream
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】図2
Description
nH2O+CnH2n+2⇔3n+2 H2+nCO
に相当する吸熱反応が行われる。水蒸気改質ステージにおける温度は一般的に500ないし800℃、特に600℃となる。好適な炭化水素はメタン(n=1)であるが;揮発油領域(n=6ないし8)に含まれるより高次で気化し易い炭化水素を使用することもできる。炭化水素に代えて、メタノール等のその他の有機化合物を使用することもできる。改質ステージ中の水蒸気余剰状態において既に一酸化炭素の一部が二酸化炭素に変換される。“その他の改質生成物”の概念において、二酸化炭素が理解され、変換された炭化水素ではない。
CO+H2O⇔CO2+H2
CO+3H2⇔CH4+H2O
a. ガス状あるいは揮発性の炭化水素および水を水素、一酸化炭素およびその他の改質生成物に変換するための改質触媒を有する加熱された水蒸気改質ステージと;
b. 前記水蒸気改質ステージに対して後置され、この水蒸気改質ステージから生じた水素、一酸化炭素および余剰水蒸気からなる混合物を触媒変換するための少なくとも1つのステージ(シフトステージ)と;
c. 前記の(各)変換ステージに対して後置され、変換生成物の残留一酸化炭素を触媒還元するための高精度浄化ステージを有している。
(a) 中空体を形成し;
(b) 金属酸化物を含んだ第1の担体の懸濁液内で前記中空体の全長のうちの第1の部分にわたってこの中空体を浸漬し;
(c) 前記第1の担体を中空体の全長のうちの第1の部分上に固定して第1の被覆層を設け;
(d) 前記第1の被覆層上に金属を塗布し、ここでこの金属は元素周期表の第IB族(第11族)およびVIIIB(第8,9,10族)の金属ならびにレニウムおよびカドミウムから形成される一群の中から選択され;
(e) 金属カルボニル種を形成することができる少なくとも1つの金属を含んでいる第2の担体を中空体の全長のうちの少なくとも前記第1の被覆層によって被覆されていない部分上に塗布する、
ステップからなることを特徴とする。
まず中空体はその一端から金属酸化物を含んだ第1の担体の懸濁液内に中空体の全長のうちの第1の部分にわたって浸漬される。第1の担体の懸濁液内に懸濁される中空体部分の長さは、触媒の活性度およびシフト反応の反応条件に依存し、当業者においては適宜なデータに基づいて推計することができる。
(a) ガス状あるいは揮発性の炭化水素および水を水素、一酸化炭素およびその他の改質生成物に変換するための改質触媒を有する加熱された水蒸気改質ステージと;
(b) 前記水蒸気改質ステージに対して後置され、この水蒸気改質ステージから生じた水素、一酸化炭素および余剰水蒸気からなる混合物を触媒変換するための少なくとも1つのステージ(シフトステージ)と;
(c) 前記少なくとも1つのシフトステージに対して後置され、変換生成物の残留一酸化炭素成分を選択的なメタン化によって触媒還元するための高精度浄化ステージとからなり、
ここでシフトステージと高精度浄化ステージが前述したように複合発熱触媒ステージとして形成される水素製造装置である。
一般的に第1の被覆層(シフトステージ)および第2の被覆層(高精度浄化;選択的メタン化)に対して、最初に行われるシフト反応アウトプット温度が実質的に選択的メタン化のインプット温度に相当するような触媒と反応条件が選択される。メタン化については、要求される高い活性度のため主にルテニウム触媒が採用される。これに関しては、250℃超においてCO2のメタン化が強くなり過ぎ、その結果選択的なメタン化が困難になることが該当する。従ってシフト触媒は250℃において作用し、より高温のルテニウム触媒のか焼温度には耐久すべきものとされる。文献により、例えばTiO2、ZrO2、CeO2、および混合酸化物等の多様な担体上に担持されたシフト反応用の多数の白金触媒が知られている(応用触媒、B 環境、第15版(1998)、第107−114頁、または国際公開第00/66486号パンフレットまたは国際公開第00/54879号パンフレットまたは欧州特許出願公開第1046612号A1明細書)。
シフトステージと選択的なメタン化のステージからなる一体的な発熱触媒ステージが環状ハニカム構造体として形成される。長さ約180mm、外径約180mm、および内径約135mmを有する金属ハニカム構造体が一体的な発熱触媒ステージを形成するために使用される。このハニカム構造体は半分が、予め玉破砕機で破砕した固形分を50重量%有したCeO2とZrO2(重量比75/25)の混合酸化物からなる懸濁液内に懸濁される。余剰な懸濁液は懸濁していない方の末端からハニカム構造体に風を吹き付けることによって除去する。それによって、ハニカム組織通流路の半分のみに被覆層が塗付される。続いて、乾燥して550℃でか焼される。この工程は、ハニカム構造体の容積1L当たり200gの被覆層量に達するまで繰り返される。その後、8重量%の白金を含むとともにPt/Re分子比率が3となる、テトラミン白金水酸化物と過レニウム酸アンモニウムからなる溶液が作成される。その後ハニカム構造体は再び同じ高さまで白金−レニウム溶液内に懸濁され、被覆層をそれで浸漬する。乾燥の後に再び550℃でか焼される。ハニカム構造体はこの時点で中央までシフト触媒で被覆されている。
Claims (21)
- 水素と一酸化炭素と余剰水蒸気とからなる混合物を触媒変換するための少なくとも1つのシフトステージ(2)とシフトステージにおいて生成された変換生成物から選択的なメタン化によって残留一酸化炭素成分を触媒還元するための前記シフトステージ(2)に後続した高精度浄化ステージ(3)とからなる複合発熱触媒ステージ(2,3)であり、前記シフトステージ(2)および高精度浄化ステージが一体的な中空体として形成されることを特徴とする発熱触媒ステージ。
- シフトステージ(2)内に少なくとも1つのシフト触媒が含まれ、これが金属酸化物を含んだ第1の担体上に担持された少なくとも1つの遷移金属を含んでおり、これが元素周期表の第IB族(第11族)およびVIIIB(第8,9,10族)の金属ならびにレニウムおよびカドミウムから形成される一群の中から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 金属酸化物は酸化セリウムおよび/または酸化ジルコニウムであることを特徴とする請求項2記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- シフト触媒は少なくとも1つの遷移金属促進剤を含む請求項2または3記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 高精度浄化ステージは少なくとも1つのメタン化触媒を有しており、これは金属カルボニル種を形成することができる少なくとも1つの金属を第2の担体上に含んでいることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 金属はルテニウム、ロジウム、白金、パラジウム、レニウム、ニッケル、鉄、コバルト、鉛、錫、銀、イリジウム、金、銅、マンガン、亜鉛、ジルコニウム、モリブデンからなる一群の中から選択されることを特徴とする請求項5記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 第2の担体は結晶性のアルミノケイ酸塩、酸化アルミニウム、酸化セリウム、酸化チタン、およびそれらの組み合わせから選択されることを特徴とする請求項5または6記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 中空体はシフト触媒およびメタン化触媒を収容するための外被領域を備えることを特徴とする請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 外被領域は中空体の外径の約2ないし20%の断面厚を有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし8のいずれかに記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 外被領域内に通流路群が設けられる請求項8または9記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 各通流路の間に通し孔が設けられることを特徴とする請求項10記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 通流路群は実質的に中空体の縦軸に平行に設けられることを特徴とする請求項10または11記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 中空体が少なくとも1つの中央通流路(5)を備えることを特徴とする請求項1ないし12のいずれかに記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 複合発熱触媒ステージ(2,3)がこれを外側から包囲する、触媒ステージを冷却するための冷媒用の液流供給ケース部材(10)を有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし13のいずれかに記載の発熱触媒ステージ。
- 請求項1ないし14のいずれかに記載の複合発熱触媒ステージを製造するものであり:
(a) 中空体を形成し;
(b) 金属酸化物を含んだ第1の担体の懸濁液内で前記中空体の全長のうちの第1の部分にわたってこの中空体を浸漬し;
(c) 前記第1の担体を中空体の全長のうちの第1の部分上に固定して第1の被覆層を設け;
(d) 前記第1の被覆層上に金属を塗付し、ここでこの金属は元素周期表の第IB族(第11族)およびVIIIB(第8,9,10族)の金属ならびにレニウムおよびカドミウムから形成される一群の中から選択され;
(e) 金属カルボニル種を形成することができる少なくとも1つの金属を含んでいる第2の担体を中空体の全長のうちの少なくとも前記第1の被覆層によって被覆されていない部分上に塗付する、
ステップからなることを特徴とする方法。 - 第1の被覆層上に金属を塗付した後この第1の被覆層をか焼することを特徴とする請求項15記載の方法。
- 第2の担体を塗付した後か焼を実施することを特徴とする請求項15または16記載の方法。
- 水素を製造するためのものであり:
(a) ガス状あるいは揮発性の炭化水素および水を水素、一酸化炭素およびその他の改質生成物に変換するための改質触媒を有する加熱された水蒸気改質ステージ(1)と;
(b) 前記水蒸気改質ステージに対して後置され、この水蒸気改質ステージから生じた水素、一酸化炭素および余剰水蒸気からなる混合物を触媒変換するための少なくとも1つのシフトステージ(2)と;
(c) 前記少なくとも1つのシフトステージ(2)に対して後置され、変換生成物の残留一酸化炭素成分を選択的なメタン化によって触媒還元するための高精度浄化ステージ(3)とからなり、
ここでシフトステージ(2)と高精度浄化ステージ(3)を請求項1ないし14のいずれかに記載の複合発熱触媒ステージ(2,3)として形成することを特徴とする装置。 - 加熱される水蒸気改質ステージ(1)は中空体として形成するとともにこの水蒸気改質ステージの中空体の中央に配置された燃焼炉(4)を備えることを特徴とする請求項18記載の装置。
- 複合発熱触媒ステージ(2,3)と水蒸気改質ステージ(1)の間に少なくとも1つの間接的な熱交換器(6)が設けられ、それによって水蒸気改質に必要な水が発熱触媒ステージ(2,3)からのガス状生成物の通流方向に対して逆方向に誘導されることを特徴とする請求項18または19記載の装置。
- 装置がただ1つのシフトステージ(2)のみを有することを特徴とする請求項18ないし20のいずれかに記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004002477A DE102004002477A1 (de) | 2004-01-16 | 2004-01-16 | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff |
PCT/EP2005/000401 WO2005068354A2 (de) | 2004-01-16 | 2005-01-17 | Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von wasserstoff |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007534583A true JP2007534583A (ja) | 2007-11-29 |
JP4668927B2 JP4668927B2 (ja) | 2011-04-13 |
Family
ID=34744832
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006548282A Expired - Fee Related JP4668927B2 (ja) | 2004-01-16 | 2005-01-17 | 水素製造装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7632778B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1704113A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4668927B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102004002477A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005068354A2 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007252991A (ja) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-10-04 | Catalysts & Chem Ind Co Ltd | 一酸化炭素メタネーション用ハニカム触媒および該触媒の製造方法、該触媒を用いた一酸化炭素のメタネーション方法 |
WO2012026116A1 (ja) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-03-01 | パナソニック株式会社 | 水素精製装置およびそれを用いた燃料電池システム |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007014984A1 (fr) * | 2005-08-01 | 2007-02-08 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Reacteur a lit fluidise modulaire |
US8178062B2 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2012-05-15 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Reforming apparatus for fuel cell |
ES2342814B1 (es) * | 2009-01-13 | 2011-05-23 | Hynergreen Technologies, S.A | Catalizador para un proceso para la obtencion de hidrogeno mediante reformado de hidrocarburos con vapor de agua, proceso de preparacion del catalizador y uso del mismo en el proceso. |
US20100199185A1 (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-05 | Microsoft Corporation | Common navigation mechanism for desktop and browser-based applications |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000351608A (ja) * | 1999-06-11 | 2000-12-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素精製装置 |
JP2001342005A (ja) * | 2000-05-29 | 2001-12-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素生成装置 |
JP2001348207A (ja) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-12-18 | Boc Group Inc:The | 炭化水素を部分酸化して水素と一酸化炭素を製造する方法 |
JP2002255506A (ja) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-09-11 | Corona Corp | 重質炭化水素燃料から高純度水素を製造する方法及び装置 |
JP2002348102A (ja) * | 2001-05-24 | 2002-12-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素精製装置 |
JP2003146612A (ja) * | 2001-11-13 | 2003-05-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料改質装置 |
JP2003238112A (ja) * | 2003-01-10 | 2003-08-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素生成装置 |
JP2003531085A (ja) * | 2000-04-17 | 2003-10-21 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | 燃料プロセッサ |
JP2003305364A (ja) * | 2002-04-17 | 2003-10-28 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 水性ガスシフト反応用触媒 |
JP2004516219A (ja) * | 2000-12-27 | 2004-06-03 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・ア・ディレクトワール・エ・コンセイユ・ドゥ・スールベイランス・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | 合成ガスの製造のための統合された方法および設備 |
JP2005520768A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2005-07-14 | フィースマン ヴェルケ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー コマンデイトゲゼルシャフト | 水素発生装置 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0611381B2 (ja) * | 1986-10-17 | 1994-02-16 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 排ガス浄化方法 |
US5010051A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-04-23 | Engelhard Corporation | Staged three-way conversion catalyst and method of using the same |
DE4406007A1 (de) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-09-15 | Volkswagen Ag | Katalysator zur Abgasreinigung |
DE19544895C1 (de) * | 1995-12-01 | 1997-02-27 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur selektiven katalytischen Oxidation von Kohlenmonoxid |
US6087298A (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 2000-07-11 | Engelhard Corporation | Exhaust gas treatment system |
GB9720353D0 (en) | 1997-09-25 | 1997-11-26 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Hydrogen purification |
WO2000054879A1 (fr) | 1999-03-18 | 2000-09-21 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Catalyseur de conversion catalytique, procede d'elimination de monoxyde de carbone dans un gaz hydrogene et systeme de generation d'energie electrique de pile a combustible |
JP3473898B2 (ja) | 1999-04-22 | 2003-12-08 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 水素精製装置 |
US6524550B1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2003-02-25 | Prashant S. Chintawar | Process for converting carbon monoxide and water in a reformate stream |
US20030007926A1 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2003-01-09 | Weibin Jiang | Metal catalyst and method of preparation and use |
DE10142794A1 (de) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-20 | Ballard Power Systems | Katalytische Beschichtung für eine Gaserzeugungseinheit |
DE10144681A1 (de) * | 2001-09-11 | 2003-03-27 | Volkswagen Ag | Strömungsreaktor und Verfahren zur Reaktionsstromführung in einem Strömungsreaktor |
DE10149987A1 (de) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-30 | Viessmann Werke Kg | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Apparats zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff und Apparat zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
-
2004
- 2004-01-16 DE DE102004002477A patent/DE102004002477A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2005
- 2005-01-17 JP JP2006548282A patent/JP4668927B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-17 EP EP05700977A patent/EP1704113A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-01-17 US US10/586,320 patent/US7632778B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-01-17 WO PCT/EP2005/000401 patent/WO2005068354A2/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000351608A (ja) * | 1999-06-11 | 2000-12-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素精製装置 |
JP2001348207A (ja) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-12-18 | Boc Group Inc:The | 炭化水素を部分酸化して水素と一酸化炭素を製造する方法 |
JP2003531085A (ja) * | 2000-04-17 | 2003-10-21 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | 燃料プロセッサ |
JP2001342005A (ja) * | 2000-05-29 | 2001-12-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素生成装置 |
JP2004516219A (ja) * | 2000-12-27 | 2004-06-03 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・ア・ディレクトワール・エ・コンセイユ・ドゥ・スールベイランス・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | 合成ガスの製造のための統合された方法および設備 |
JP2002255506A (ja) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-09-11 | Corona Corp | 重質炭化水素燃料から高純度水素を製造する方法及び装置 |
JP2002348102A (ja) * | 2001-05-24 | 2002-12-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素精製装置 |
JP2003146612A (ja) * | 2001-11-13 | 2003-05-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 燃料改質装置 |
JP2005520768A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2005-07-14 | フィースマン ヴェルケ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー コマンデイトゲゼルシャフト | 水素発生装置 |
JP2003305364A (ja) * | 2002-04-17 | 2003-10-28 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 水性ガスシフト反応用触媒 |
JP2003238112A (ja) * | 2003-01-10 | 2003-08-27 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 水素生成装置 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007252991A (ja) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-10-04 | Catalysts & Chem Ind Co Ltd | 一酸化炭素メタネーション用ハニカム触媒および該触媒の製造方法、該触媒を用いた一酸化炭素のメタネーション方法 |
WO2012026116A1 (ja) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-03-01 | パナソニック株式会社 | 水素精製装置およびそれを用いた燃料電池システム |
JP5853137B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-25 | 2016-02-09 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 水素精製装置およびそれを用いた燃料電池システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004002477A1 (de) | 2005-08-11 |
WO2005068354A2 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
EP1704113A2 (de) | 2006-09-27 |
US7632778B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 |
JP4668927B2 (ja) | 2011-04-13 |
US20070172401A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
WO2005068354A3 (de) | 2007-11-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4668927B2 (ja) | 水素製造装置 | |
US7560047B2 (en) | Structured catalyst for POX reforming of gasoline for fuel-cell powered vehicles applications and a method of preparing the same | |
JP3743995B2 (ja) | メタノール改質触媒 | |
US6436363B1 (en) | Process for generating hydrogen-rich gas | |
KR100981517B1 (ko) | 일산화탄소 제거 반응기 | |
JP4851655B2 (ja) | 水素を含有する気体混合物中の一酸化炭素の転化法およびこのための触媒 | |
JP4643027B2 (ja) | 小型軽量の自熱式改質装置 | |
JP2001517596A (ja) | 水素の清浄化 | |
US7867299B2 (en) | Methods, apparatus, and systems for producing hydrogen from a fuel | |
JP2003501342A (ja) | 小型軽量のメタノール燃料気体自熱式改質装置 | |
CN1684771A (zh) | 用于烃自热水蒸气转化的多层催化剂和使用所述催化剂的方法 | |
US20030162656A1 (en) | Selective carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst, method of making the same and systems using the same | |
US20030116472A1 (en) | Process for catalytic autothermal steam reforming of alcohols | |
GB2210284A (en) | Catalyst having a silicaceous support, and preparation thereof | |
Piubello et al. | Study of NO Formation During NH 3 Oxidation Reaction Over a Cu-SAPO-34 SCR catalyst | |
US7972394B2 (en) | Selective methanation reactor for reducing carbon monoxide in a reformate stream | |
Chaparro-Garnica et al. | Sponge-like carbon monoliths: porosity control of 3D-printed carbon supports and its influence on the catalytic performance | |
KR100614893B1 (ko) | 일산화탄소 시프트반응용 촉매의 제조방법 | |
US7842634B2 (en) | Blended catalyst with improved performance | |
JP2003519067A (ja) | 水素含有流中の一酸化炭素の選択的酸化方法 | |
JP2006231132A (ja) | 燃料改質触媒 | |
US7156887B1 (en) | Methods, apparatus, and systems for producing hydrogen from a fuel | |
US7459224B1 (en) | Methods, apparatus, and systems for producing hydrogen from a fuel | |
EP2285738A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines wasserstoffhaltigen gasgemisches | |
JP2005034778A (ja) | モノリス触媒 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20100319 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20100618 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20100625 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20100715 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20100723 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20100818 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20100825 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20100920 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20101102 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20101102 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20101217 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20110113 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140121 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |