JP2007507416A - 軽量でひずみ硬化型の脆性複合材料 - Google Patents
軽量でひずみ硬化型の脆性複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】繊維強化軽量コンクリート複合材は、4容量%以下の強化繊維と、粒径の小さな軽量の骨材または気泡を含んでおり、硬化すると高い引っ張り強度とひずみ硬化特性を示す複合材となる。この複合材は土木工学における様々な構造物に利用可能である。
【選択図】図1
Description
式(1)において、J'tipは、例えば3容量%以下といった少ない繊維含有量で基質の耐久性Km 2/Emに近づく。σ(δ)は張力とクラック開口の関係を一般化したものであり、外部張力σをかけた場合の非弾性ひずみδを示している。図6は式(1)をσ(δ)プロットに表したものである。外部張力は最大つっぱり力σ0に拘束されるため、安定状態クラック延伸モードの基質強度には上限が現れる:
このとき、δ0はσ0に対するクラック開口である。
本発明の説明のために、様々な密度のサンプル複合材を用意する。これらのサンプルはセメント、水、軽量フィラー、砂、粘度調整剤、減水剤、不連続の短繊維を含む。混合比は表1に記載されており、繊維が体積比であるのを除き、他は重量比で示されている。使用するセメントは、米国ミシガン、Lafarge Cement Co.のタイプIポートランドセメントである。軽量フィラーとして、米国ミネソタ 3M Co.の2種類のScotchliteTMガラスバブルすなわちS38とS60、およびドイツ、レイマン、Heidelberger Bauchemie Co. Ltd. の微細空洞バブルMHKを使用する。米国ウエストバージニア、Berkeley SpringsのUS Silica Co. からF110として入手可能な寸法分布が50−150μmの微細な砂を使用して、複合体の弾性率を向上させる。使用する粘度調整剤はヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(「MC」)であり、米国ミシガン、MidlandのDow Chemical Co.からMethocalTMセルロースエーテルとして入手可能である。使用する減水剤は、米国イリノイのW. R. Grace & Co.からMementTM330として入手可能な超塑性剤である(「SP」)。日本の大阪のクラレ株式会社から入手可能なK-II RECTM PVA繊維を複合体の全体積当たり2%使用する。
Claims (14)
- 水を加えることにより硬化してひずみ硬化特性を示す水硬性コンクリート複合材において、
a)無機脆性基質プレカーソルと;
b)平均長が4mm以上であって、養生した複合材の体積に対し0.5乃至4体積%の強化繊維と;
c)粒径が10μm−1000μmの範囲であって、養生した複合材の密度が約2000kg/m3以下となる分量の1以上の軽量骨材とを具えることを特徴とする複合材。 - 請求項1の複合材において、前記強化繊維が、平均直径が10−60μm、平均長が4−30mm、強度800MPa以上、弾性率10−300GPa、界面化学結合度(interface chemical bonding)4.0J/m2、界面摩擦力0.5−3.0MPa、界面すべり硬化係数(interface slip hardening coefficient)が3.0以下の重合強化繊維を含むことを特徴とする複合材。
- 請求項1の複合材において、前記軽量骨材が、平均直径10−100μmの微細バルーンを含むことを特徴等する複合材。
- 請求項3の複合材において、前記微細バルーンが、ガラスまたはセラミックまたはポリマーの壁を有することを特徴とする複合材。
- 請求項1の複合材において、前記脆性無機基質プレカーソルが水硬性セメントまたは無機ポリマーを含むことを特徴とする複合材。
- 請求項1の複合材において、前記脆性無機基質プレカーソルがポートランドセメントを含むことを特徴とする複合材。
- 請求項1の複合材において、セメント重量1に対し1.0−3.0の量の有機繊維と、水を加えて養生したときの密度が800−1900kg/m3となるのに十分な軽量骨材とを含むことを特徴とする複合材。
- 請求項1の複合材において、前記強化繊維は、高密度ポリエチレン繊維、ポリビニルアルコール繊維、ポリアミド繊維のグループから選択されることを特徴とする複合材。
- 請求項1の複合材において、前記繊維が極性基または親水基を含むことを特徴とする複合材。
- 請求項1の複合材において、前記軽量骨材の少なくとも一部が気体の入った孔隙を含むことを特徴とする複合材。
- 請求項1の複合材において、前記ガスの入った孔隙を含んでおり、水を加え養生させて硬化した複合材の密度が1400−1900kg/m3であることを特徴とする複合材。
- 繊維強化軽量コンクリート構造体であって、請求項1の複合材に水を加えて水硬性複合材とし、これを養生した繊維強化脆性基質複合材を含むことを特徴とする構造体。
- 請求項9の複合材において、密度が800−1200kg/m3であり、2%以上の引っ張り強度を示すことを特徴とする複合材。
- 請求項9の複合材において、密度が900−1600kg/m3であり、3.0%以上の引っ張り強度を示すことを特徴とする複合材。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/674,772 | 2003-09-30 | ||
US10/674,772 US6969423B2 (en) | 2003-09-30 | 2003-09-30 | Lightweight strain hardening brittle matrix composites |
PCT/US2004/031654 WO2005033038A2 (en) | 2003-09-30 | 2004-09-28 | Lightweight strain hardening brittle matrix composites |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007507416A true JP2007507416A (ja) | 2007-03-29 |
JP2007507416A5 JP2007507416A5 (ja) | 2011-10-06 |
JP5128129B2 JP5128129B2 (ja) | 2013-01-23 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2006533998A Expired - Fee Related JP5128129B2 (ja) | 2003-09-30 | 2004-09-28 | 軽量でひずみ硬化型の脆性複合材料 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6969423B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5128129B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2004278353B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005033038A2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014001087A (ja) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-09 | Toyobo Co Ltd | ポリエチレン繊維からなるセメント系構造物補強用短繊維、およびセメント系構造物 |
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US7241338B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2007-07-10 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Sprayable, strain-hardening cementitious compositions |
US7169224B2 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2007-01-30 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Process for increasing the ductility of high performance fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites, and composites produced thereby |
US7732032B2 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2010-06-08 | United States Gypsum Company | Lightweight, fiber-reinforced cementitious panels |
BRPI0607377A2 (pt) | 2005-02-25 | 2010-03-23 | Nova Chem Inc | composiÇço de cimento de baixo peso, leito de estrada, artigo de construÇço painel compàsito, estrutura de concreto isolada, mÉtodo de fabricar um artigo de composiÇço de cimento de baixo peso, artigo de concreto de baixo peso e unidade estrutural de baixo peso |
US8726594B2 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2014-05-20 | Syntheon Inc. | Composite pre-formed building panels |
US7398827B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2008-07-15 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods for high temperature lightweight cementing |
US20060201393A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-14 | Pkl Corporation | Shrinkage compensating concrete |
US7390356B2 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2008-06-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Compositions for high temperature lightweight cementing |
US7658797B2 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2010-02-09 | Nova Chemicals Inc. | Lightweight concrete compositions |
CA2600998C (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2011-05-10 | Nova Chemicals Inc. | Lightweight concrete compositions |
US7632348B2 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2009-12-15 | Nova Chemicals Inc. | Lightweight concrete compositions containing antimicrobial agents |
US8357240B2 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2013-01-22 | Syntheon Inc. | Method of making concrete |
US20080275149A1 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2008-11-06 | Nova Chemicals Inc. | Durable concrete compositions |
US8574358B2 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2013-11-05 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Geopolymeric particles, fibers, shaped articles and methods of manufacture |
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US20050066857A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
US6969423B2 (en) | 2005-11-29 |
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