JP2007323451A - Voice guide device, traffic signal, and volume adjustment method - Google Patents

Voice guide device, traffic signal, and volume adjustment method Download PDF

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JP2007323451A
JP2007323451A JP2006154101A JP2006154101A JP2007323451A JP 2007323451 A JP2007323451 A JP 2007323451A JP 2006154101 A JP2006154101 A JP 2006154101A JP 2006154101 A JP2006154101 A JP 2006154101A JP 2007323451 A JP2007323451 A JP 2007323451A
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noise
follow
tracking
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JP4872099B2 (en
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Osamu Sueda
統 末田
Shoichiro Fujisawa
正一郎 藤澤
Fukumi Ueda
福美 上田
Yoichi Kimura
陽一 木村
Takashi Mochizuki
崇志 望月
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Kyosan Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
University of Tokushima NUC
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University of Tokushima NUC
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To generate a voice signal of an optimum sound volume corresponding to the level of circumferential noise to be clearly catchable while preventing a voice signal from becoming noise even at a low noise level. <P>SOLUTION: A noise measurement part 6 measures a change in noise signal extracted by a band filter 5. A follow-up pattern generation part 7 follows a minimum value of the noise signal measured by the noise measurement part 6 to determine background noise, and determines a plurality of follow-up patterns for determining a response time constant of an increase and decrease in following control value from a change in the sound pressure level of the background noise. A response filter 8 performs the follow-up control of the noise signal measured by the noise measurement part 6 with the response time constants shown by the plurality of follow-up patterns determined by the follow-up pattern generation part 7 and determines a follow-up control value showing a sound volume according to each follow-up pattern, and a sound volume adjustment part 9 adds 2-6 dB to the determined follow-up control value and outputs an output sound volume. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、道路の交差点や横断路や駅構内に設けた音声案内装置と交通信号機及び音量調節方法、特に、騒音環境に適合した音量の音声出力に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a voice guidance device, a traffic signal, and a volume control method provided at a road intersection, crossing, or station, and more particularly to a voice output with a volume suitable for a noise environment.

道路の交差点の横断歩道で視覚障害者の歩行の安全と誘導を支援するため、歩行者用信号機の青点灯のタイミングで音声信号、例えば「ピヨピヨ」と「カッコウ」の誘導音を出力する交通信号機が使用されている。   A traffic signal that outputs audio signals such as “piyopiyo” and “cuckoo” at the timing when the pedestrian traffic lights turn blue to support the safety and guidance of walking for visually impaired people at the pedestrian crossing at the intersection of the road Is used.

この交通信号機で発生する音声信号は、交差点における騒音レベルに対応するため、特許文献１に示すように、騒音レベルの長時間における変動の平均値と騒音レベルの短時間における変動の平均値のいずれか高い方のレベルから５〜１０ｄＢだけ高いレベルで誘導音を発生するようにしている。また、特許文献２や特許文献３に示すように、騒音レベルが小さい場合は利得が小さく、騒音レベルが大きくなると利得が大きくなる可変利得増幅器を使用して自動車の騒音や周辺の騒音より一定レベルだけ高いレベルで音声信号を発生するようにしている。
特開昭５２−１０９９００号公報 特開昭５６−１２９９９９号公報 特開平８−３１７４９７号公報 Since the audio signal generated by this traffic signal corresponds to the noise level at the intersection, as shown in Patent Document 1, either the average value of the fluctuation of the noise level for a long time or the average value of the fluctuation of the noise level for a short time is selected. The guide sound is generated at a level higher by 5 to 10 dB from the higher level. Further, as shown in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, a variable gain amplifier is used which has a small gain when the noise level is small and a large gain when the noise level is large. An audio signal is generated only at a high level.
JP 52-109900 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-129999 JP-A-8-317497

このように交通騒音より一定レベルだけ高いレベルで音声信号を発生していると、夜間の騒音レベルが小さいときや騒音レベルが比較的小さな場所では音声信号の音量が過剰になり、周辺住民にとっては騒音になってしまう。   If the sound signal is generated at a level higher than the traffic noise in this way, the sound signal volume will be excessive when the noise level is low at night or where the noise level is relatively low. It becomes noise.

この夜間に音声信号が騒音になることを防止するため、特許文献２に示すように、夜間には音声信号の発生を停止するようにしている。交通信号機で夜間に音声信号の発生を停止すると、視覚障害者にとっては交通信号機として機能しなくなってしまう短所がある。   In order to prevent the audio signal from becoming noise at night, as shown in Patent Document 2, generation of the audio signal is stopped at night. If the generation of an audio signal is stopped at night with a traffic signal, there is a disadvantage that it will not function as a traffic signal for visually impaired people.

この発明は、このような短所を改善し、周囲の騒音の大きさに対応して最適な音量の音声信号を発生して明瞭に聞き取れるとともに騒音レベルが小さいときや騒音レベルが比較的小さな場所でも騒音になること防止することができる音声案内装置と交通信号機及び音量調節方法を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention improves such disadvantages and generates an audio signal having an optimum volume corresponding to the level of ambient noise so that it can be heard clearly, and even when the noise level is low or where the noise level is relatively low. An object of the present invention is to provide a voice guidance device, a traffic signal, and a volume control method that can prevent noise.

この発明の音声案内装置は、騒音入力装置と音量制御装置及び音声出力装置とを有し、前記騒音入力装置は設置位置における騒音を検出し、前記音声制御装置は、帯域制限手段と騒音計測手段と追従パターン生成手段と応答速度可変手段及び音量調節手段を有し、前記帯域制限手段は、前記騒音入力装置で検出した騒音信号のなかで特定の二つの周波数帯域にある騒音信号を抽出し、前記騒音計測手段は、前記帯域制限手段で抽出した騒音信号の変化を計測し、前記追従パターン生成手段は、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号の最小値を追跡して前記応答速度可変手段で追従制御を行うときの追従制御値の増加と減少の応答時定数を定める複数の追従パターンを決定し、前記応答速度可変手段は、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号を前記追従パターン生成手段で決定した複数の追従パターンで示す応答時定数により追従制御し、各追従パターンに応じた音量を示す追従制御値を求め、前記音量調節手段は、前記応答速度可変手段で求めた追従制御値に２〜６ｄＢを加算して出力音量を出力し、前記音声出力装置は、前記音量調節手段から出力された出力音量で案内音を出力することを特徴とする。   The voice guidance device according to the present invention includes a noise input device, a volume control device, and a voice output device, the noise input device detects noise at an installation position, and the voice control device includes a band limiting unit and a noise measurement unit. And a follow pattern generating means, a response speed varying means and a volume adjusting means, wherein the band limiting means extracts noise signals in two specific frequency bands from among the noise signals detected by the noise input device, The noise measuring means measures a change in the noise signal extracted by the band limiting means, and the follow-up pattern generating means tracks the minimum value of the noise signal measured by the noise measuring means and uses the response speed varying means. A plurality of tracking patterns that determine response time constants for increasing and decreasing the tracking control value when tracking control is performed, and the response speed varying means, the noise signal measured by the noise measuring means The tracking control is performed by response time constants indicated by a plurality of tracking patterns determined by the tracking pattern generating means, and a tracking control value indicating the volume corresponding to each tracking pattern is obtained. The volume adjusting means is obtained by the response speed variable means. The follow-up control value is added with 2 to 6 dB to output an output sound volume, and the sound output device outputs a guide sound with the output sound volume output from the sound volume adjusting means.

前記追従パターン生成手段は、最小値追従積分器及びパターン生成部を有し、前記最小値追従積分器は入力電圧−Ｖ１を出力する第１の入力電源部と、入力電圧＋Ｖ２を出力する第２の入力電源部と、入力電圧を切り換える切換手段を有する積分回路及び比較器を有し、前記積分回路の第１の入力電源部から出力する入力電圧−Ｖ１の電圧値は第２の入力電源部から出力する入力電圧＋Ｖ２の電圧値の１／２〜１／５に設定され、前記比較器は、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号と積分回路の出力電圧を比較し、騒音信号が積分回路の出力電圧より大きいとき前記切換手段を第１の入力電源部側に接続し、騒音信号が積分回路の出力電圧より小さいとき前記切換手段を第２の入力電源部側に接続し、前記パターン生成部は、前記最小値追従積分器から出力する騒音信号の最小値の変化と、あらかじめ設定された追従パターン閾値テーブルにより複数段階の追従パターンを決定する。また、前記パターン生成部は５段階の追従パターンを決定することが望ましい。   The tracking pattern generation means includes a minimum value tracking integrator and a pattern generation unit. The minimum value tracking integrator includes a first input power supply unit that outputs an input voltage -V1 and a second input voltage that outputs an input voltage + V2. And an integration circuit and a comparator having switching means for switching the input voltage, and the voltage value of the input voltage −V1 output from the first input power supply unit of the integration circuit is the second input power supply unit. Is set to 1/2 to 1/5 of the voltage value of the input voltage + V2 output from the comparator, and the comparator compares the noise signal measured by the noise measuring means with the output voltage of the integrating circuit, and the noise signal is integrated into the integrating circuit. The switching means is connected to the first input power supply when the output voltage is larger than the output voltage of the input circuit, and the switching means is connected to the second input power supply when the noise signal is smaller than the output voltage of the integrating circuit, Part of the minimum value The change of the minimum value of the noise signal outputted from the integrator, for determining the following patterns of plural stages by preset tracking pattern threshold table. In addition, it is preferable that the pattern generation unit determines a five-step following pattern.

この発明の交通信号機は、前記いずれかの音声案内装置を有することを特徴とする。この音声案内装置の帯域制限手段は、遮断周波数１００Ｈｚと遮断周波数１ｋＨｚの帯域にある周波数の交通騒音信号を抽出すると良い。   The traffic signal of this invention has any one of the above-mentioned voice guidance devices. The band limiting means of this voice guidance device may extract a traffic noise signal having a frequency in a band of a cutoff frequency of 100 Hz and a cutoff frequency of 1 kHz.

この発明の音量調節方法は、プログラムされたコンピュータによって出力する音量を制御する音量調節方法であって、帯域制限手段が、騒音入力装置で検出した騒音信号のなかで特定の二つの周波数帯域にある騒音信号を抽出するステップと、騒音計測手段が、前記帯域制限手段で抽出した騒音信号の変化を計測するステップと、追従パターン生成手段が、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号の最小値を追跡して騒音信号に対して追従制御を行うときの追従制御値の増加と減少の応答時定数を定める複数の追従パターンを決定するステップと、応答速度可変手段が、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号を前記追従パターン生成手段で決定した複数の追従パターンで示す応答時定数により騒音信号に対して追従制御し、各追従パターンに応じた音量を示す追従制御値を求めるステップとを有し、求めた追従制御値に基づいて出力音量を決定することを特徴とする。   The volume control method of the present invention is a volume control method for controlling the volume output by a programmed computer, and the band limiting means is in two specific frequency bands in the noise signal detected by the noise input device. The step of extracting the noise signal, the step of measuring the noise signal by the noise measuring unit, and the minimum value of the noise signal measured by the noise measuring unit by the tracking pattern generating unit A step of determining a plurality of tracking patterns that determine response time constants for increasing and decreasing the tracking control value when tracking control is performed on the noise signal, and the response speed variable means measures the noise measured by the noise measuring means The tracking control is performed on the noise signal by response time constants indicated by a plurality of tracking patterns determined by the tracking pattern generation means, and each signal is tracked. Had determining a follow-up control value indicating the sound volume, and determines the output sound volume based on the obtained tracking control value.

この発明は、騒音信号の最小値を追跡して暗騒音を求め、暗騒音の音圧レベルの変化から複数の追従パターンを決定し、決定した複数の追従パターンに応じた音量で案内音を発生するようにしたから、案内音の音量を周囲の雑音に正確に追従させることができ、案内音を明瞭に聞き取れることができる。   The present invention obtains background noise by tracking the minimum value of a noise signal, determines a plurality of tracking patterns from changes in the sound pressure level of the background noise, and generates a guide sound at a volume corresponding to the determined plurality of tracking patterns. Therefore, the volume of the guidance sound can be made to accurately follow the surrounding noise, and the guidance sound can be heard clearly.

また、交通騒音信号の最小値を追跡して暗騒音を求め、暗騒音の音圧レベルの変化から複数の追従パターンを決定し、決定した複数の追従パターンに応じた音量で誘導音を発生することにより、深夜、早朝、昼間、夜間等のフェーズに正確に追従させることができ、誘導音を明瞭に聞き取れるとともに誘導音の音量を交通量とも良く整合させることができ夜間や深夜及び騒音レベルが比較的小さな場所で誘導音が騒音になること防止することができる。   Also, the background noise is obtained by tracking the minimum value of the traffic noise signal, and a plurality of tracking patterns are determined from changes in the sound pressure level of the background noise, and a guide sound is generated at a volume corresponding to the determined tracking patterns. Therefore, it is possible to accurately follow the phases such as midnight, early morning, daytime, and nighttime, and the guidance sound can be clearly heard and the volume of the guidance sound can be well matched with the traffic volume. It is possible to prevent the guidance sound from becoming a noise in a relatively small place.

図１はこの発明の音声案内装置の構成を示すブロック図である。図に示すように、音声案内装置１はマイク２と音量制御装置３及び音声出力装置４を有する。マイク２は、例えば道路の交差点や横断歩道で歩行者の安全と誘導を支援する歩行者用信号機に設けられ、横断歩道近傍の騒音を検出する。音量制御装置３は、帯域フィルタ５と騒音計測部６と追従パターン生成部７と応答フィルタ８及び音量調整部９を有する。帯域フィルタ５は、マイク２で検出した騒音信号のなかで特定の二つの周波数、例えば遮断周波数１００Ｈｚと遮断周波数１ｋＨｚの帯域にある周波数の交通騒音信号だけを取り込む。騒音計測部６は帯域フィルタ５で取り込んだ交通騒音信号の変化を計測する。   FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the voice guidance apparatus of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the voice guidance device 1 includes a microphone 2, a volume control device 3, and a voice output device 4. The microphone 2 is provided in a pedestrian traffic light that supports pedestrian safety and guidance at, for example, road intersections and pedestrian crossings, and detects noise near the pedestrian crossing. The volume control device 3 includes a band filter 5, a noise measurement unit 6, a tracking pattern generation unit 7, a response filter 8, and a volume adjustment unit 9. The band filter 5 takes in only traffic noise signals having two specific frequencies in the noise signal detected by the microphone 2, for example, frequencies in a band of a cutoff frequency of 100 Hz and a cutoff frequency of 1 kHz. The noise measuring unit 6 measures changes in traffic noise signals captured by the band filter 5.

追従パターン生成部７は、図２に示すように、騒音計測部６で計測した騒音信号Ｖｉｎに対して応答フィルタ８で追従制御を行うときの追従制御値Ｖｓｐの増加と減少の応答時定数を定める複数の追従パターンを決定するものであり、図３の構成図に示すように、最小値追従積分器７１及びパターン生成部７２を有する。最小値追従積分器７１は、騒音計測部６で計測した騒音信号Ｖｉｎの最小値を追従して深夜、早朝、昼間、夜間等のフェーズを抽出するものであり、例えば抵抗ＲとコンデンサＣと演算増幅器７３と、−Ｖ１の入力電圧を出力する第１の入力電源部７４と、＋Ｖ２の入力電圧を出力する第２の入力電源部７５と、入力電圧を切り換えるスイッチ７６を有する積分回路７７及び比較器７８を有する。第１の入力電源部７４から出力する入力電圧−Ｖ１の絶対値｜Ｖ１｜は第２の入力電源部７５から出力する入力電圧＋Ｖ２の絶対値｜Ｖ２｜より小さく、例えば１／２〜１／５になっている。比較器７８は騒音計測部６で計測した騒音信号Ｖｉｎと積分回路７７の出力電圧Ｖｏを比較し、騒音信号Ｖｉｎが積分回路７７の出力電圧Ｖｏより大きいとき、スイッチ７６を第１の電源部７４側に接続して積分回路７７から電圧Ｖｏ＝（Ｖ１／ＣＲ）・ｔを出力し、騒音信号Ｖｉｎが積分回路７７の出力電圧Ｖｏより小さいとき、スイッチ７６を第２の電源部７５側に接続して積分回路７７から電圧Ｖｏ＝−（Ｖ２／ＣＲ）・ｔを出力し、騒音信号Ｖｉｎと積分回路７７の出力電圧Ｖｏが等しいときスイッチ７６を遮断する。パターン生成部７２は最小値追従積分器７から出力する騒音信号Ｖｉｎの最小値の変化と、図４に示すように、あらかじめ設定された追従パターン閾値テーブル７９により例えば５段階の追従パターンＡ〜Ｅを決定する。この追従パターンＡ〜Ｅは、図５に示すように、追従パターンＡの応答時定数が最も大きく、追従パターンＥの応答時定数が最も小さく、かつ増加時の応答時定数より減少時の応答時定数が小さくなっており、そして増加と減少の応答時定数が大きい追従パターンＡの場合、追従制御値Ｖｓｐは、図２（ａ）に示すように緩やかに変化し、応答時定数が小さい追従パターンＥの場合、追従制御値Ｖｓｐは、図２（ｂ）に示すように急激に変化する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the tracking pattern generation unit 7 sets response time constants for increasing and decreasing the tracking control value Vsp when the response filter 8 performs tracking control on the noise signal Vin measured by the noise measuring unit 6. A plurality of tracking patterns to be determined are determined. As shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. 3, the tracking pattern includes a minimum value tracking integrator 71 and a pattern generation unit 72. The minimum value tracking integrator 71 follows the minimum value of the noise signal Vin measured by the noise measuring unit 6 and extracts phases such as midnight, early morning, daytime, and nighttime. An amplifier 73, a first input power supply unit 74 that outputs an input voltage of −V1, a second input power supply unit 75 that outputs an input voltage of + V2, an integrating circuit 77 having a switch 76 for switching the input voltage, and a comparison A container 78. The absolute value | V1 | of the input voltage −V1 output from the first input power supply unit 74 is smaller than the absolute value | V2 | of the input voltage + V2 output from the second input power supply unit 75, for example, 1/2 to 1 / 5 The comparator 78 compares the noise signal Vin measured by the noise measuring unit 6 with the output voltage Vo of the integrating circuit 77. When the noise signal Vin is larger than the output voltage Vo of the integrating circuit 77, the switch 76 is switched to the first power supply unit 74. When the voltage Vo = (V1 / CR) · t is output from the integrating circuit 77 and the noise signal Vin is smaller than the output voltage Vo of the integrating circuit 77, the switch 76 is connected to the second power supply unit 75 side. Then, the voltage Vo = − (V2 / CR) · t is output from the integration circuit 77, and the switch 76 is cut off when the noise signal Vin is equal to the output voltage Vo of the integration circuit 77. The pattern generating unit 72 uses, for example, a five-step tracking pattern A to E based on a change in the minimum value of the noise signal Vin output from the minimum value tracking integrator 7 and a preset tracking pattern threshold table 79 as shown in FIG. To decide. As shown in FIG. 5, the follow-up patterns A to E have the largest response time constant of the follow-up pattern A, the smallest response time constant of the follow-up pattern E, and the response time when the response time constant is decreased from the response time constant at the time of increase. In the case of the tracking pattern A in which the constant is small and the response time constant of increase and decrease is large, the tracking control value Vsp changes gently as shown in FIG. 2A, and the tracking pattern has a small response time constant. In the case of E, the follow-up control value Vsp changes abruptly as shown in FIG.

応答フィルタ８は、騒音計測部６で計測した騒音信号Ｖｉｎに対して追従パターン生成部７で決定した追従パターンＡ〜Ｅで示す応答時定数により追従制御を行い、追従制御値Ｖｓｐを出力するものであり、図６に示すように、ダイオードＤ１と抵抗Ｒ１とコンデンサＣ１で構成する増加応答回路と、ダイオードＤ２と抵抗Ｒ２とコンデンサＣ１で構成する減少応答回路を有する。抵抗Ｒ１と抵抗Ｒ２は追従パターン生成部７から出力される追従パターンＡ〜Ｅの応答時定数に応じて抵抗値を可変し、増加応答のとき、抵抗Ｒ１の抵抗値は追従パターンＡの場合に大きくなって追従制御値Ｖｓｐを緩やかに変化させ、追従パターンＥの場合に小さくなって追従制御値Ｖｓｐを急激に変化させる。また、減少応答のとき、抵抗Ｒ２の抵抗値は追従パターンＡの場合に小さくなって追従制御値Ｖｓｐを急激に変化させ、追従パターンＥの場合に比較的大きくなって追従制御値Ｖｓｐを緩やかに変化させる。音量調節部９は応答フィルタ８から出力する追従制御値Ｖｓｐに２〜６ｄＢを加算して音量信号を音声出力装置４に出力する。   The response filter 8 performs a follow-up control with respect to the noise signal Vin measured by the noise measurement unit 6 with response time constants indicated by the follow-up patterns A to E determined by the follow-up pattern generation unit 7 and outputs a follow-up control value Vsp. As shown in FIG. 6, it has an increase response circuit composed of a diode D1, a resistor R1, and a capacitor C1, and a decrease response circuit composed of a diode D2, a resistor R2, and a capacitor C1. The resistance values of the resistors R1 and R2 vary according to the response time constants of the tracking patterns A to E output from the tracking pattern generation unit 7, and the resistance value of the resistor R1 in the case of the tracking pattern A when increasing. The follow-up control value Vsp is gradually increased and gradually changed, and in the case of the follow-up pattern E, the follow-up control value Vsp is suddenly changed. In response to a decrease, the resistance value of the resistor R2 decreases in the follow-up pattern A, and the follow-up control value Vsp is changed abruptly. Change. The volume control unit 9 adds 2 to 6 dB to the follow-up control value Vsp output from the response filter 8 and outputs a volume signal to the audio output device 4.

音声出力装置４は、音声信号発生部１０と増幅器１１及びスピーカ１２を有する。音声信号発生部１０は、交通信号機の信号制御装置１３から出力される歩行者用信号機の青点灯のタイミングで、例えば「ピヨピヨ」と「カッコウ」の誘導音の信号を増幅器１１に出力する。増幅器１１は入力した音声信号のゲインを音量調節部９から入力する音量信号により可変してスピーカ１２に出力し、スピーカ１２から音量調節部９から入力する音量信号に応じた音量の音声で例えば「ピヨピヨ」と「カッコウ」の誘導音を発生させる。   The audio output device 4 includes an audio signal generator 10, an amplifier 11, and a speaker 12. The audio signal generation unit 10 outputs, for example, “piyopiyo” and “cuckoo” guidance sound signals to the amplifier 11 at the timing when the pedestrian traffic light output from the traffic light signal control device 13 is lit in blue. The amplifier 11 varies the gain of the input audio signal according to the volume signal input from the volume control unit 9 and outputs the gain to the speaker 12. For example, “amplifier 11 is a sound having a volume corresponding to the volume signal input from the volume control unit 9 from the speaker 12. Generates “piyopiyo” and “cuckoo” induction sounds.

この音声案内装置１で交通騒音を検出して音声出力装置４から出力する音声信号の音量を制御するときの処理を図７のフローチャートを参照して説明する。   With reference to the flowchart of FIG. 7, processing when the voice guidance device 1 detects traffic noise and controls the volume of the voice signal output from the voice output device 4 will be described.

マイク２で横断歩道の測定地点における騒音を常時検出して音量制御装置３に入力する（ステップＳ１）。音量制御装置３の帯域フィルタ５は入力した信号のなかから例えば遮断周波数１００Ｈｚと遮断周波数１ｋＨｚの帯域にある周波数の交通騒音信号だけを抽出して騒音計測部６に出力する（ステップＳ２）。ここで１００Ｈｚ以下の騒音を排除するのは風による騒音を除去するためであり、１ｋＨｚ以上の騒音を排除するのは音声出力装置４自体が出力する誘導音を除去して交通騒音だけ得るためである。騒音計測部６は入力した交通騒音信号を最小時間、例えば５０ｍｓ毎のデータを１秒間蓄積して、その平均値を騒音値として追従パターン生成部７と応答フィルタ８に逐次出力する（ステップＳ３）。   The microphone 2 constantly detects noise at the measurement point of the pedestrian crossing and inputs it to the volume control device 3 (step S1). The band filter 5 of the volume control device 3 extracts only the traffic noise signal having a frequency in the band of the cut-off frequency 100 Hz and the cut-off frequency 1 kHz, for example, from the input signals and outputs it to the noise measuring unit 6 (step S2). Here, the noise of 100 Hz or less is eliminated to remove noise caused by wind, and the noise of 1 kHz or more is eliminated because the induced sound output by the voice output device 4 itself is removed to obtain only traffic noise. is there. The noise measurement unit 6 accumulates the input traffic noise signal for a minimum time, for example, every 50 ms, for 1 second, and sequentially outputs the average value as a noise value to the follow-up pattern generation unit 7 and the response filter 8 (step S3). .

追従パターン生成部７の最小値追従積分器７１は入力した騒音値の時間的な変化を示す騒音信号Ｖｉｎの最小値を追跡する（ステップＳ４）。この騒音信号Ｖｉｎのレベルの追跡には最大値追従と平均値追従及び最小値追従の３種類の追跡方法があるが、瞬間的に大きくなる交通騒音の影響を排除して深夜、早朝、昼間、夜間等のフェーズを抽出するために最小値追従を用いていわゆる暗騒音を求めて、図８に示すように、暗騒音の音圧レベルの変化を追跡する。この追跡した騒音信号Ｖｉｎの最小値である暗騒音の音圧レベルの変化からパターン生成部７２は追従パターンＡ〜Ｅを決定して、決定した追従パターンＡ〜Ｅで示す応答時定数を応答フィルタ８に出力する（ステップＳ５）。この暗騒音の音圧レベルで決定した追従パターンＡ〜Ｅは、図８に示すように、夕方から夜間にかけて追従パターンＥから徐々に追従パターンＤ，Ｃ，Ｂと変化し、深夜では追従パターンＡと追従パターンＢとなり、早朝から追従パターンＣから追従パターンＥと変化し、昼間ではほとんど追従パターンＥと追従パターンＤになり、深夜、早朝、昼間、夜間等のフェーズに正確に追従させることができる。また、昼間でも交通量が少なくなる正午前後では追従パターンＢや追従パターンＢになり、交通量とも良く整合させることができる。   The minimum value tracking integrator 71 of the tracking pattern generator 7 tracks the minimum value of the noise signal Vin indicating the temporal change of the input noise value (step S4). There are three types of tracking methods for tracking the level of the noise signal Vin: maximum value tracking, average value tracking and minimum value tracking, but the influence of traffic noise, which increases instantaneously, is eliminated, and midnight, early morning, daytime, A so-called background noise is obtained using minimum value tracking to extract a phase such as nighttime, and the change in the sound pressure level of the background noise is traced as shown in FIG. From the change in the sound pressure level of the background noise, which is the minimum value of the tracked noise signal Vin, the pattern generation unit 72 determines the tracking patterns A to E, and the response time constant indicated by the determined tracking patterns A to E is a response filter. 8 (step S5). The following patterns A to E determined by the sound pressure level of the background noise gradually change from the following pattern E to the following patterns D, C, and B from the evening to the night as shown in FIG. The following pattern B changes from the following pattern C to the following pattern E from the early morning, almost the following pattern E and the following pattern D in the daytime, and can accurately follow phases such as midnight, early morning, daytime, and nighttime. . Further, after noon when the traffic volume decreases even in the daytime, the tracking pattern B and the tracking pattern B are obtained, and the traffic volume can be well matched.

応答フィルタ８は、騒音計測部６から入力した騒音信号を追従パターン生成部７から入力した追従パターンＡ〜Ｅで示す応答時定数により追従制御し、入力した追従パターンＡ〜Ｅに応じた音量を示す追従制御値Ｖｓｐを求めて音量調節部９に出力する（ステップＳ６）。例えば追従パターン生成部７で追従パターンＡを決定した深夜の場合は、図９（ａ）に示すように追従制御値Ｖｓｐの増加は緩やかで、減少は急激になり、音量は小さくなる。これに対して追従パターン生成部７で追従パターンＥを決定した昼間の場合は、図９（ｂ）に示すように追従制御値Ｖｓｐの増加は急激で、減少は比較的緩やかになり、音量は大きくなる。音量調節部９は入力した追従制御値Ｖｓｐに２〜６ｄＢを加算して出力音量を示す音量信号を音声出力装置４に出力する（ステップＳ７）。   The response filter 8 performs tracking control of the noise signal input from the noise measuring unit 6 with response time constants indicated by the tracking patterns A to E input from the tracking pattern generation unit 7, and adjusts the volume according to the input tracking patterns A to E. A follow-up control value Vsp is obtained and output to the volume control unit 9 (step S6). For example, at midnight when the tracking pattern A is determined by the tracking pattern generation unit 7, the tracking control value Vsp increases slowly, decreases rapidly, and the volume decreases as shown in FIG. 9A. On the other hand, in the daytime when the tracking pattern generation unit 7 determines the tracking pattern E, the increase in the tracking control value Vsp is abrupt and the decrease is relatively gradual as shown in FIG. growing. The volume controller 9 adds 2 to 6 dB to the input follow-up control value Vsp and outputs a volume signal indicating the output volume to the audio output device 4 (step S7).

この状態で信号制御装置１３から歩行者用信号機の青点灯を示す信号が音声出力装置４に送られると（ステップＳ８）、音声信号発生部１０は例えば「ピヨピヨ」と「カッコウ」の誘導音の音声信号を増幅器１１に出力する（ステップＳ９）。増幅器１１は入力した音声信号を音量調節部９から入力する音量信号により可変してスピーカ１２に出力し（ステップＳ１０）、スピーカ１２から追従パターンＡ〜Ｅに応じた音量で例えば「ピヨピヨ」と「カッコウ」の誘導音を発生させる（ステップＳ１１）。そして信号制御装置１３から歩行者用信号機の赤点灯を示す信号が送られると音声出力装置４は誘導音の発生を停止する。この処理を継続して繰り返す（ステップＳ１２）。   In this state, when a signal indicating blue lighting of the pedestrian traffic light is sent from the signal control device 13 to the audio output device 4 (step S8), the audio signal generator 10 generates, for example, “piyopiyo” and “cuckoo” guidance sounds. The audio signal is output to the amplifier 11 (step S9). The amplifier 11 changes the input audio signal according to the volume signal input from the volume control unit 9 and outputs it to the speaker 12 (step S10). For example, “Piyopiyo” and “ A guidance sound of “cuckoo” is generated (step S11). And if the signal which shows the red lighting of the pedestrian traffic light from the signal control apparatus 13 is sent, the audio | voice output apparatus 4 will stop generation | occurrence | production of a guidance sound. This process is continuously repeated (step S12).

このように騒音信号Ｖｉｎの最小値を追跡して暗騒音を求め、暗騒音の音圧レベルの変化から追従パターンＡ〜Ｅを決定し、決定した追従パターンＡ〜Ｅに応じた音量で誘導音を発生するようにしたから、誘導音の音量を深夜、早朝、昼間、夜間等のフェーズに正確に追従させることができ、誘導音を明瞭に聞き取れるとともに誘導音の音量を交通量とも良く整合させることができ夜間や深夜及び騒音レベルが比較的小さな場所で誘導音が騒音になること防止することができる。   In this way, the background noise is obtained by tracking the minimum value of the noise signal Vin, the tracking patterns A to E are determined from the change in the sound pressure level of the background noise, and the guidance sound is produced at a volume corresponding to the determined tracking patterns A to E. Since the volume of the guidance sound can accurately follow the phases of late night, early morning, daytime, nighttime, etc., the guidance sound can be heard clearly and the volume of the guidance sound can be matched well with the traffic volume. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the guidance sound from becoming noise at night and late at night and at a place where the noise level is relatively small.

前記説明では音声案内装置１に帯域フィルタ５と騒音計測部６と追従パターン生成部７と応答フィルタ８及び音量調整部９を有する音量制御装置３を設けた場合について説明したが、音量制御装置３をコンピュータで構成しても良い。図１０はコンピュータで構成した音量制御装置３ａを有する音声案内装置１ａの構成を示すブロック図である。図に示すように、音声案内装置１ａの音量制御装置３ａは中央処理部１３と騒音入力部１４と記憶部１５と音量制御値出力部１６及び音量調節部９を有する。騒音入力部１４はマイクロホン２で検出した騒音信号をＡ／Ｄ変換して記憶部１５に格納する。   In the above description, the case where the volume control device 3 having the band filter 5, the noise measurement unit 6, the follow pattern generation unit 7, the response filter 8, and the volume adjustment unit 9 is provided in the voice guidance device 1 has been described. May be configured by a computer. FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a voice guidance device 1a having a volume control device 3a constituted by a computer. As shown in the figure, the volume control device 3a of the voice guidance device 1a includes a central processing unit 13, a noise input unit 14, a storage unit 15, a volume control value output unit 16, and a volume adjustment unit 9. The noise input unit 14 A / D converts the noise signal detected by the microphone 2 and stores it in the storage unit 15.

中央処理部１３は、図７に示したフローチャートのステップＳ２からステップＳ６までの処理を実行するものであり、図１１のブロック図に示すように、帯域制限手段１７と騒音計測手段１８と追従パターン生成手段１９及び応答速度可変手段２０を有する。帯域制限手段１７は記憶部１５に格納した騒音信号のなかで遮断周波数１００Ｈｚと遮断周波数１ｋＨｚの帯域にある周波数の交通騒音信号だけを取り込む。騒音計測手段１８は帯域制限手段１７で取り込んだ交通騒音信号の変化を計測する。追従パターン生成手段１９は騒音計測手段１８で計測した騒音信号の最小値を追跡して応答速度可変手段２０で追従制御を行うときの追従制御値の増加と減少の応答時定数を定める複数の追従パターンＡ〜Ｅを決定する。応答速度可変手段２０は騒音計測手段１８で計測した交通騒音信号を追従パターン生成手段１９で決定した追従パターンＡ〜Ｅで示す応答時定数により追従制御し、入力した追従パターンＡ〜Ｅに応じた音量を示す追従制御値を求める。音量制御値出力手段１６は応答速度可変手段２０で求めた追従制御値をＤ／Ａ変換して出力する。音量調節部９は音量制御値出力手段１６から出力された追従制御値に２〜６ｄＢを加算して出力音量を示す音量信号を音声出力装置４に出力する。   The central processing unit 13 executes the processing from step S2 to step S6 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 7, and as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 11, the band limiting means 17, the noise measuring means 18, and the tracking pattern. A generation unit 19 and a response speed variable unit 20 are included. The band limiting means 17 takes in only traffic noise signals having frequencies in the band of the cutoff frequency of 100 Hz and the cutoff frequency of 1 kHz among the noise signals stored in the storage unit 15. The noise measuring means 18 measures the change of the traffic noise signal taken in by the band limiting means 17. The tracking pattern generation unit 19 tracks a minimum value of the noise signal measured by the noise measurement unit 18 and determines a response time constant for increasing and decreasing the tracking control value when the tracking speed control unit 20 performs tracking control. Patterns A to E are determined. The response speed varying means 20 controls the traffic noise signal measured by the noise measuring means 18 according to the response time constants indicated by the following patterns A to E determined by the following pattern generating means 19 and corresponds to the input following patterns A to E. A follow-up control value indicating the volume is obtained. The volume control value output means 16 D / A converts the follow-up control value obtained by the response speed variable means 20 and outputs it. The volume control unit 9 adds 2 to 6 dB to the follow-up control value output from the volume control value output unit 16 and outputs a volume signal indicating the output volume to the audio output device 4.

このように中央処理部１３で交通騒音信号を抽出して交通騒音信号の最小値を追跡して暗騒音を求め、暗騒音の音圧レベルの変化から追従パターンＡ〜Ｅを決定し、決定した追従パターンＡ〜Ｅに応じた音量を示す追従制御値を求めることにより、簡単な構成で誘導音の音量を深夜、早朝、昼間、夜間等のフェーズに正確に追従させることができる。   In this way, the central processing unit 13 extracts the traffic noise signal, tracks the minimum value of the traffic noise signal, obtains the background noise, and determines the tracking patterns A to E from the change in the sound pressure level of the background noise. By obtaining the follow-up control value indicating the sound volume corresponding to the follow-up patterns A to E, the sound volume of the guide sound can be accurately followed in phases such as midnight, early morning, daytime, and nighttime with a simple configuration.

前記説明では暗騒音の音圧レベルの変化から５段階の追従パターンＡ〜Ｅを決定する場合について説明したが、追従パターンを深夜、早朝、昼間、夜間のフェーズに合わせて４段階に設定しても良い。   In the above description, the case where the five tracking patterns A to E are determined from the change in the sound pressure level of the background noise has been described. However, the tracking pattern is set to four levels according to the late night, early morning, daytime, and night phases. Also good.

また、前記説明では道路の交差点の横断歩道で視覚障害者の歩行の安全と誘導を支援するための誘導音を出力する場合について説明したが、駅構内や遊園地等に設けた音声案内装置にも同様に適用することができる。   Also, in the above description, explanation was given on the case of outputting a guidance sound for supporting the safety and guidance of walking for visually impaired people at the pedestrian crossing of the road intersection, but in the voice guidance device provided in the station premises or amusement parks Can be applied similarly.

この発明の音声案内装置の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the voice guidance apparatus of this invention. 騒音信号に対する追従制御値の増加と減少を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the increase and decrease of the follow-up control value with respect to a noise signal. 追従パターン生成部の構成図である。It is a block diagram of a tracking pattern production | generation part. 追従パターンを決定する追従パターン閾値テーブルの模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of a tracking pattern threshold value table for determining a tracking pattern. 追従パターンで特定する増加と減少の応答時定数を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the response time constant of the increase specified by a tracking pattern, and a reduction | decrease. 応答フィルタの構成図である。It is a block diagram of a response filter. 音声案内装置の処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process of a voice guidance apparatus. 暗騒音の音圧レベルに応じた追従パターンを示す変化特性図である。It is a change characteristic figure which shows the following pattern according to the sound pressure level of background noise. 追従パターンで決定した追従制御値の変化特性図である。It is a change characteristic figure of the follow-up control value determined by the follow-up pattern. この発明の他の音声案内装置の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the other voice guidance apparatus of this invention. 中央処理部の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a central processing part.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１；音声案内装置、２；マイクロホン、３；音量制御装置、４；音声出力装置、
５；帯域フィルタ、６；騒音計測部、７；追従パターン生成部、８；応答フィルタ、
９；音量調整部、１０；音声信号発生部、１１；増幅器、１２；スピーカ、
１３；中央処理部、１４；騒音入力部、１５；記憶部、１６；音量制御値出力部、
１７；帯域制限手段、１８；騒音計測手段、１９；追従パターン生成手段、
２０；応答速度可変手段、７１；最小値追従積分器、７２；パターン生成部、
７４；第１の入力電源部、７５；第２の入力電源部、７６；スイッチ、
７７；積分回路、７８；比較器。 1; Voice guidance device, 2; Microphone, 3; Volume control device, 4; Voice output device,
5; band filter, 6; noise measurement unit, 7; tracking pattern generation unit, 8; response filter,
9; Volume adjustment unit, 10; Audio signal generation unit, 11; Amplifier, 12; Speaker,
13; Central processing unit, 14; Noise input unit, 15; Storage unit, 16; Volume control value output unit,
17; Band limiting means, 18; Noise measuring means, 19; Tracking pattern generating means,
20; response speed variable means; 71; minimum value tracking integrator; 72; pattern generation unit;
74; first input power supply unit; 75; second input power supply unit; 76; switch;
77; integrating circuit, 78; comparator.

Claims (6)

騒音入力装置と音量制御装置及び音声出力装置とを有し、
前記騒音入力装置は設置位置における騒音を検出し、
前記音声制御装置は、帯域制限手段と騒音計測手段と追従パターン生成手段と応答速度可変手段及び音量調節手段を有し、
前記帯域制限手段は、前記騒音入力装置で検出した騒音信号のなかで特定の二つの周波数帯域にある騒音信号を抽出し、
前記騒音計測手段は、前記帯域制限手段で抽出した騒音信号の変化を計測し、
前記追従パターン生成手段は、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号の最小値を追跡して前記応答速度可変手段で追従制御を行うときの追従制御値の増加と減少の応答時定数を定める複数の追従パターンを決定し、
前記応答速度可変手段は、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号を前記追従パターン生成手段で決定した複数の追従パターンで示す応答時定数により追従制御し、各追従パターンに応じた音量を示す追従制御値を求め、
前記音量調節手段は、前記応答速度可変手段で求めた追従制御値に２〜６ｄＢを加算して出力音量を出力し、
前記音声出力装置は、前記音量調節手段から出力された出力音量で案内音を出力することを特徴とする音声案内装置。 A noise input device, a volume control device and an audio output device;
The noise input device detects noise at an installation position;
The voice control device includes a band limiting unit, a noise measuring unit, a follow pattern generating unit, a response speed varying unit, and a volume adjusting unit
The band limiting unit extracts a noise signal in two specific frequency bands from the noise signal detected by the noise input device;
The noise measuring means measures a change in the noise signal extracted by the band limiting means,
The tracking pattern generation means tracks a minimum value of the noise signal measured by the noise measuring means and determines a response time constant for increasing and decreasing the tracking control value when tracking control is performed by the response speed variable means. Determine the following pattern
The response speed varying means performs follow-up control with a response time constant indicated by a plurality of follow-up patterns determined by the follow-up pattern generating means for the noise signal measured by the noise measurement means, and follow-up control showing a sound volume corresponding to each follow-up pattern Find the value
The volume adjusting means adds 2 to 6 dB to the follow-up control value obtained by the response speed varying means and outputs an output volume.
The voice output device outputs a guidance sound at an output volume output from the volume control means. 前記追従パターン生成手段は、最小値追従積分器及びパターン生成部を有し、
前記最小値追従積分器は入力電圧−Ｖ１を出力する第１の入力電源部と、入力電圧＋Ｖ２を出力する第２の入力電源部と、入力電圧を切り換える切換手段を有する積分回路及び比較器を有し、前記積分回路の第１の入力電源部から出力する入力電圧−Ｖ１の電圧値は第２の入力電源部から出力する入力電圧＋Ｖ２の電圧値の１／２〜１／５に設定され、前記比較器は、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号と積分回路の出力電圧を比較し、騒音信号が積分回路の出力電圧より大きいとき前記切換手段を第１の入力電源部側に接続し、騒音信号が積分回路の出力電圧より小さいとき前記切換手段を第２の入力電源部側に接続し、
前記パターン生成部は、前記最小値追従積分器から出力する騒音信号の最小値の変化と、あらかじめ設定された追従パターン閾値テーブルにより複数段階の追従パターンを決定する請求項１記載の音声案内装置。 The tracking pattern generation means includes a minimum value tracking integrator and a pattern generation unit,
The minimum value tracking integrator includes an integration circuit and a comparator having a first input power supply unit that outputs an input voltage -V1, a second input power supply unit that outputs an input voltage + V2, and switching means for switching the input voltage. And the voltage value of the input voltage −V1 output from the first input power supply unit of the integration circuit is set to 1/2 to 1/5 of the voltage value of the input voltage + V2 output from the second input power supply unit. The comparator compares the noise signal measured by the noise measuring means with the output voltage of the integrating circuit, and connects the switching means to the first input power source when the noise signal is larger than the output voltage of the integrating circuit. When the noise signal is smaller than the output voltage of the integrating circuit, the switching means is connected to the second input power supply unit side,
The voice guidance device according to claim 1, wherein the pattern generation unit determines a follow-up pattern in a plurality of stages based on a change in the minimum value of the noise signal output from the minimum value follow-up integrator and a preset follow-up pattern threshold value table. 前記パターン生成部は５段階の追従パターンを決定する請求項２記載の音声案内装置。   The voice guidance device according to claim 2, wherein the pattern generation unit determines a five-step following pattern. 請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載した音声案内装置を有することを特徴とする交通信号機。   A traffic signal device comprising the voice guidance device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 前記音声案内装置の帯域制限手段は、遮断周波数１００Ｈｚと遮断周波数１ｋＨｚの帯域にある周波数の交通騒音信号を抽出する請求項４記載の交通信号機。   The traffic signal apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the band limiting means of the voice guidance device extracts a traffic noise signal having a frequency in a band of a cutoff frequency of 100 Hz and a cutoff frequency of 1 kHz. プログラムされたコンピュータによって出力する音量を制御する音量調節方法であって、
帯域制限手段が、騒音入力装置で検出した騒音信号のなかで特定の二つの周波数帯域にある騒音信号を抽出するステップと、
騒音計測手段が、前記帯域制限手段で抽出した騒音信号の変化を計測するステップと、
追従パターン生成手段が、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号の最小値を追跡して騒音信号に対して追従制御を行うときの追従制御値の増加と減少の応答時定数を定める複数の追従パターンを決定するステップと、
応答速度可変手段が、前記騒音計測手段で計測した騒音信号を前記追従パターン生成手段で決定した複数の追従パターンで示す応答時定数により騒音信号に対して追従制御し、各追従パターンに応じた音量を示す追従制御値を求めるステップとを有し、
求めた追従制御値に基づいて出力音量を決定することを特徴とする音量調節方法。 A volume control method for controlling a volume output by a programmed computer,
A step of extracting a noise signal in two specific frequency bands from the noise signal detected by the noise input device;
A step of measuring a change in a noise signal extracted by the band limiting unit by a noise measuring unit;
A plurality of tracking patterns that determine response time constants for increasing and decreasing the tracking control value when the tracking pattern generating unit tracks the minimum value of the noise signal measured by the noise measuring unit and performs tracking control on the noise signal. A step of determining
The response speed variable means controls the noise signal measured by the noise measuring means by the response time constant indicated by the plurality of following patterns determined by the following pattern generating means, and controls the volume corresponding to each following pattern. Obtaining a follow-up control value indicating
A volume control method characterized in that an output volume is determined based on the obtained tracking control value.
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