JP2007311309A - 蓄電装置の充放電制御装置 - Google Patents
蓄電装置の充放電制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】時刻t1において、イグニッションオフ指令IGOFF(1)を与えられると、CPUは、予測電池温度マップを参照して、時刻t1における外気温度Toutに対応する予測電池温度#Tb(1)を取得する。時刻t2において、イグニッションオン指令IGON(1)を与えられると、CPUは、時刻t2における実績電池温度Tb(1)を取得し、予測電池温度#Tb(1)および実績電池温度Tb(1)から、1回目のイグニッションオン指令IGON(1)に係る補正後の予測電池温度#Tb_NEW(1)を算出する。さらに、CPUは、予測電池温度マップにおいて、時刻t1における外気温度Toutに対応する値を補正後の予測電池温度#Tb_NEW(1)に更新する。
【選択図】図5
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に従う蓄電装置の充放電制御装置を搭載した車両100の概略構成図である。
図2を参照して、予測電池温度マップ5は、予測電池温度#Tbを外気温度Toutと対応付けて格納する。図2においては、一例として外気温度Toutが、−30[℃]〜30[℃]の範囲で5[℃]刻みに規定される場合を示すが、この構成に限られず、対象とする二次電池BATの充放電制御の精度や使用環境などを考慮して、予測電池温度マップ5を構成すればよい。なお、後述するように、予測電池温度マップ5に格納される予測電池温度#Tbは、学習処理の実行に伴って更新されるが、初期値としては、予め実験的に求められた値が格納されてもよい。
(学習処理サブルーチン)
上述したように、CPU6は、予め取得された予測電池温度#Tbと、その直後のイグニッションオン指令IGONを与えられる時点における外気温度Toutとの誤差に基づいて、予測電池温度マップ5に格納されている外気温度Toutと予測電池温度#Tbとの対応関係を更新する。
図5を参照して、CPU6は、RAM4に予測電池温度#Tbが格納されているか否かを判断する(ステップS100)。RAM4に予測電池温度#Tbが格納されていない場合(ステップS100においてNOの場合)には、CPU6は、元の処理に戻る。
上述の本発明の実施の形態1においては、予測電池温度マップに、外気温度Toutと対応付けて複数の予測電池温度#Tbが格納される場合について例示したが、外気温度Toutに加えて、他のパラメータとも対応付けて複数の予測電池温度#Tbを格納してもよい。
予測電池温度#Tbと対応付けるパラメータとして、直前のイグニッションオフ指令IGOFFを与えられた時点の二次電池BATの実績電池温度Tbを用いてもよい。
予測電池温度#Tbと対応付けるパラメータとして、車両システムの作動継続時間を用いてもよい。
上述の本発明の実施の形態1においては、二次電池BATの充放電制御において、取得される予測電池温度#Tbに基づいて、充放電制御下限値を変化させる構成について説明した。一方、本発明の実施の形態2においては、取得される予測電池温度#Tbに基づいて、SOCの実績値を制御SOCに変換する構成について説明する。
(SOC変換サブルーチン)
図12は、二次電池BATのSOC(実績値)から#SOC(制御用SOC)への変換を説明するための図である。なお、以下の説明においては、明確化のため、実績電圧Vb、実績電流Ibおよび実績電池温度Tbなどに基づいて検出される二次電池BATのSOCを「SOC(実績値)」とも称する。
図12(a)を参照して、CPU6は、取得する予測電池温度#Tbに応じて、SOC変換関数(一例として、SOC変換関数F0(x)またはF1(x))を決定し、当該変換関数によりSOC(実績値)を#SOC(制御用SOC)へ変換する。
図13を参照して、CPU6は、取得された予測電池温度#Tbに基づいて、SOC変換関数を決定する(ステップS200)。
上述の本発明の実施の形態1においては、車両システムの作動中において予測電池温度#Tbを逐次的に取得し、二次電池BATのSOCを予測電池温度#Tbに基づいた所定の制御範囲内とするように、二次電池BATに対する充放電量を制御する構成について説明した。一方、本発明の実施の形態3においては、イグニッションオフ指令IGOFFを与えられた時点において、二次電池BATのSOCが所定の制御範囲内になければ、エンジンの作動を継続させる構成について説明する。
(シャットダウン制御サブルーチン)
イグニッションオフ指令IGOFFを与えられた時点において、二次電池BATが車両システムを確実に再始動できる程度まで充電されていないと判断された場合には、CPU6は、エンジン9を作動させ、モータジェネレータ10からの発電電力で二次電池BATを所定の制御範囲内まで充電した後、車両システムを停止する。このように、二次電池BATを充放電制御することで、車両システムを確実に再始動させることができる。
図15を参照して、CPU6は、二次電池BATのSOC(実績値)が充放電制御下限値を上回っているか否かを判断する(ステップS300)。
上述の本発明の実施の形態1〜3に例示した各サブルーチンに係る処理をすべて含むように構成してもよい。
Claims (9)
- 車両に搭載され、充放電可能に構成された蓄電装置の充放電制御装置であって、
前記車両の外気温度を取得する外気温度取得手段と、
前記外気温度取得手段によって取得された前記外気温度に基づいて、車両システムを再始動させるためのイグニッションオン指令を与えられる時点における前記蓄電装置の温度の予測値である予測蓄電温度を取得する予測蓄電温度取得手段とを備え、
前記予測蓄電温度取得手段は、前記予測蓄電温度を前記外気温度と対応付けて格納しており、
前記充放電制御装置は、
前記蓄電装置の温度の実績値である実績蓄電温度を取得する実績蓄電温度取得手段と、
前記予測蓄電温度取得手段によって予め取得される前記予測蓄電温度と、前記イグニッションオン指令を与えられた時点の前記実績蓄電温度との誤差に基づいて、前記予測蓄電温度取得手段における前記外気温度と前記予測蓄電温度との対応関係を更新する学習手段とをさらに備える、蓄電装置の充放電制御装置。 - 前記学習手段は、前記予測蓄電温度および前記実績蓄電温度を含む演算式によって得られる演算値が、当該予測蓄電温度を取得するために用いられた前記外気温度と対応付けられるように、前記対応関係を更新する、請求項1に記載の蓄電装置の充放電制御装置。
- 前記蓄電装置のSOCを取得するSOC取得手段と、
前記SOC取得手段によって取得された前記SOCを前記予測蓄電温度に基づいた所定の制御範囲内とするように、前記蓄電装置に対する充放電量を制御する充放電制御手段とをさらに備える、請求項1または2に記載の蓄電装置の充放電制御装置。 - 前記予測蓄電温度取得手段は、前記車両システムの作動中において前記予測蓄電温度を逐次的に取得する、請求項3に記載の蓄電装置の充放電制御装置。
- 前記充放電制御手段は、前記予測蓄電温度に応じて、前記SOC取得手段によって取得された前記SOCを制御用SOCに変換して充放電制御を行なうためのSOC変換手段をさらに含む、請求項3または4に記載の蓄電装置の充放電制御装置。
- 前記車両は、前記蓄電装置を充電するための発電手段を駆動可能に構成されたエンジンを含み、
前記エンジンは、前記蓄電装置からの放電電力により始動されるように構成される、請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電装置の充放電制御装置。 - 前記充放電制御手段は、前記イグニッションオフ指令を与えられた時点において、前記SOCが前記所定の制御範囲内になければ、前記SOCを前記所定の制御範囲内とするように前記エンジンを作動させるためのエンジン作動手段を含む、請求項6に記載の蓄電装置の充放電制御装置。
- 前記予測蓄電温度取得手段は、前記外気温度をパラメータとして複数の前記予測蓄電温度が格納された予測蓄電温度マップを含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電装置の充放電制御装置。
- 前記予測蓄電温度マップは、前記外気温度に加えて、前記イグニッションオフ指令を与えられる時間帯、直前の前記イグニッションオン指令を与えられた時点における前記実績蓄電温度、および前記車両システムの作動継続時間、の少なくとも1つをさらにパラメータとして有する、請求項8に記載の蓄電装置の充放電制御装置。
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